| | The Beaker phenomenon and the genomic transformation of northwest Europe
Genome-wide data from 400 individuals indicate that the initial spread of the Beaker archaeological complex between Iberia and central Europe was propelled by cultural diffusion, but that its spread into Britain involved a large-scale migration that permanently replaced about ninety per cent of the ancestry in the previously resident population.
| Population snapshots predict early haematopoietic and erythroid hierarchies
Single-cell transcriptomics, fate assays and a computational theory enable prediction of cell fates during haematopoiesis, discovery of regulators of erythropoiesis and reveal coupling between the erythroid, basophil and mast cell fates.
| Extreme disorder in an ultrahigh-affinity protein complex
A high-affinity complex of histone H1 and prothymosin-α reveals an unexpected interaction mechanism, where the large opposite net charge enables the two proteins to remain highly disordered even in the complex.
| The genomic history of southeastern Europe
Genome-wide ancient DNA data from 225 individuals who lived in southeastern Europe between 12000 and 500 BC reveals that the region acted as a genetic crossroads before and after the arrival of farming.
| Probing the interatomic potential of solids with strong-field nonlinear phononics
Ultrashort mid-infrared laser pulses can drive atoms far from their equilibrium positions in LiNbO3, exciting high phonon harmonics and providing a way to map the interatomic potential.
| Skin electronics from scalable fabrication of an intrinsically stretchable transistor array
A scalable process is described for fabricating skin-like electronic circuitry that can be bent and stretched while retaining desirable electronic functionality.
| The cryo-electron microscopy structure of huntingtin
The structure of huntingtin in complex with an interactor is determined to an overall resolution of 4 Å, paving the way for improved understanding of the cellular functions of this protein.
| Intragenic origins due to short G1 phases underlie oncogene-induced DNA replication stress
Oncogene activation results in firing of ectopic origins of replication within transcribed genes, resulting in replication stress and genome instability.
| Circadian clock neurons constantly monitor environmental temperature to set sleep timing
The DN1p clock neurons of Drosophila melanogaster continuously report temperature changes into the circadian neural network, to control the timing of sleep and activity.
| Phase-plate cryo-EM structure of a biased agonist-bound human GLP-1 receptor–Gs complex
The structure of the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) with its biased agonist exendin-P5 sheds light on both receptor activation and the mechanism of biased agonism.
| Evolutionary history resolves global organization of root functional traits
Analyses of a global dataset of plant root traits identify an ancestral conservative strategy based on thick roots and mycorrhizal symbiosis, and an evolutionarily more-recent opportunistic strategy of thin roots that efficiently use photosynthetic carbon for soil exploration.
| Global elevational diversity and diversification of birds
A global study of all bird species in mountainous areas shows that richness decreases predictably with elevation, whereas diversification rates increase.
| Electromechanical vortex filaments during cardiac fibrillation
| Corrigendum: Rare cell variability and drug-induced reprogramming as a mode of cancer drug resistance
| | | Brief Communications Arising | | | | Adolescence and the next generation OPEN
Investing in adolescents as the parents of the next generation is important for the wellbeing of current and future generations.
George C. Patton, Craig A. Olsson, Vegard Skirbekk et al. | | A molecular atlas of cell types and zonation in the brain vasculature
Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of the murine blood–brain barrier provides molecular definitions of the main vascular cell types, classifies perivascular cell types and sheds light on the organization of the arteriovenous axis.
Michael Vanlandewijck, Liqun He, Maarja Andaloussi Mäe et al. | Structure of the mechanically activated ion channel Piezo1
The cryo-electron microscopy structure of full-length mouse Piezo1 reveals six Piezo repeats, and 26 transmembrane helices per protomer, and shows that a kinked helical beam and anchor domain link the Piezo repeats to the pore and control gating allosterically.
Kei Saotome, Swetha E. Murthy, Jennifer M. Kefauver et al. | Structure and mechanogating mechanism of the Piezo1 channel
The electron cryo-microscopy structure of full-length mouse Piezo1 reveals unique topological features such as the repetitive transmembrane helical units that constitute the highly curved transmembrane region, and identifies regions and single residues that are crucial for the mechanical activation of the channel.
Qiancheng Zhao, Heng Zhou, Shaopeng Chi et al. | | A clumpy and anisotropic galaxy halo at redshift 1 from gravitational-arc tomography
The halo of gas around a galaxy at redshift 1 is clumpy and anisotropic, with little variation in gas velocity, suggesting that it consists of entrained recycled material.
Sebastian Lopez, Nicolas Tejos, Cédric Ledoux et al. | A surge of light at the birth of a supernova
The discovery of a newly born type IIb supernova reveals a rapid brightening at optical wavelengths that corresponds to the shock-breakout phase of the explosion.
M. C. Bersten, G. Folatelli, F. García et al. | Multi-terminal memtransistors from polycrystalline monolayer molybdenum disulfide
Polycrystalline monolayer molybdenum disulfide is used to fabricate a multi-terminal device combining a memristor and a transistor, which can mimic biological neurons with multiple synapses for neuromorphic computing applications.
Vinod K. Sangwan, Hong-Sub Lee, Hadallia Bergeron et al. | Sterically controlled mechanochemistry under hydrostatic pressure
'Molecular anvil' molecules consisting of a compressible mechanophore and incompressible ligands react under hydrostatic pressure to produce elemental metal via an unexplored mechanism.
Hao Yan, Fan Yang, Ding Pan et al. | Palladium-catalysed electrophilic aromatic C–H fluorination
An approach for the direct electrophilic C–H fluorination of arenes is reported, using a palladium catalyst and mild fluorinating reagents.
Kumiko Yamamoto, Jiakun Li, Jeffrey A. O. Garber et al. | Meridional overturning circulation conveys fast acidification to the deep Atlantic Ocean
There has been a reduction of about forty per cent in the transport of carbonate ions to the deep North Atlantic Ocean since preindustrial times, severely endangering cold-water corals.
Fiz F. Perez, Marcos Fontela, Maribel I. García-Ibáñez et al. | Global patterns of tropical forest fragmentation
Satellite data and modelling reveal that tropical forest fragments have similar size distributions across continents, and that forest fragmentation is close to a critical point, beyond which fragment numbers will strongly increase.
Franziska Taubert, Rico Fischer, Jürgen Groeneveld et al. | Tissue stiffening coordinates morphogenesis by triggering collective cell migration in vivo
Stiffening of the mesoderm owing to an accumulation of cells triggers collective migration of neural crest cells during morphogenesis.
Elias H. Barriga, Kristian Franze, Guillaume Charras et al. | Peptidoglycan synthesis drives an FtsZ-treadmilling-independent step of cytokinesis
Single-cell fluorescence microscopy reveals that cytokinesis occurs in two stages in Staphylococcus aureus, an initial slow phase followed by a faster phase after MurJ protein recruitment to the midcell triggers peptidoglycan synthesis.
João M. Monteiro, Ana R. Pereira, Nathalie T. Reichmann et al. | Transcriptional regulation by NR5A2 links differentiation and inflammation in the pancreas
In mouse pancreas cells with only one copy of the Nr5a2 gene, the orphan nuclear receptor NR5A2 undergoes a marked transcriptional shift from differentiation-specific to inflammatory genes, which results in an epithelial-cell-autonomous basal pre-inflammatory state.
Isidoro Cobo, Paola Martinelli, Marta Flández et al. | TGFβ drives immune evasion in genetically reconstituted colon cancer metastasis
A combination of TGFβ inhibition and checkpoint-inhibition therapy provokes a potent cytotoxic response against metastatic tumours derived from colorectal cancers in mice.
Daniele V. F. Tauriello, Sergio Palomo-Ponce, Diana Stork et al. | TGFβ attenuates tumour response to PD-L1 blockade by contributing to exclusion of T cells
In humans, TGFβ signalling is associated with lack of response to immunotherapy in immune-excluded tumours; in mouse models of this immune phenotype, robust tumour infiltration by T cells and tumour regression are observed only when checkpoint inhibition is combined with inhibition of TGFβ signalling.
Sanjeev Mariathasan, Shannon J. Turley, Dorothee Nickles et al. | MEK drives BRAF activation through allosteric control of KSR proteins
KSR–MEK complexes allosterically activate BRAF through the action of N-terminal regulatory region and kinase domain contacts, thus challenging the accepted role of KSR as a scaffold for MEK recruitment to RAF.
Hugo Lavoie, Malha Sahmi, Pierre Maisonneuve et al. | | | | | 
Benchtop Linear MALDI-TOF Mass Spec
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