Scientific Reports Biology Table of Contents e-alert: 25 April 2017

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25 April 2017      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports       Biological Sciences               MiR-146b is down-regulated during the chondrogenic differentiation of human bone marrow derived skeletal stem cells and up-regulated in osteoarthritis ▶     Emma Budd, María C. de Andrés, Tilman Sanchez-Elsner et al.     Articular cartilage injury can result in chondrocyte loss and diminishment of specialised extracellular matrix, which can progress to an osteoarthritic (OA) phenotype. Stem cells …             Interactions of AMTN, ODAM and SCPPPQ1 proteins of a specialized basal lamina that attaches epithelial cells to tooth mineral ▶     Aurélien Fouillen, Juliana Dos Santos Neves, Charline Mary et al.     A specialized basal lamina (sBL) mediates adhesion of certain epithelial cells to the tooth. It is distinct because it does not contain collagens type IV and VII, is enriched in …             A Novel Method to Evaluate Ribosomal Performance in Cell-Free Protein Synthesis Systems ▶     Noémie Kempf, Cristina Remes, Ralph Ledesch et al.     Cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) systems were designed to produce proteins with a minimal set of purified components, thus offering the possibility to follow translation as …             Corrigendum: Putative WRKYs associated with regulation of fruit ripening revealed by detailed expression analysis of the WRKY gene family in pepper ▶     Yuan Cheng, Golam Jalal Ahammed, Jiahong Yu et al.                 Phosphatidylethanolamine dynamics are required for osteoclast fusion ▶     Atsushi Irie, Kei Yamamoto, Yoshimi Miki et al.     Osteoclasts, responsible for bone resorption, are multinucleated cells formed by cell-cell fusion of mononuclear pre-osteoclasts. Although osteoclast fusion is a pivotal step for …             Corrigendum: KANK1 inhibits cell growth by inducing apoptosis through regulating CXXC5 in human malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors ▶     Zhibin Cui, Yingjia Shen, Kenny H. Chen et al.                 Erratum: Influence of substrate modulus on gecko adhesion ▶     Mena R. Klittich, Michael C. Wilson, Craig Bernard et al.                 Discovery of tauroursodeoxycholic acid biotransformation enzymes from the gut microbiome of black bears using metagenomics ▶     Can Song, Bochu Wang, Jun Tan et al.     Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) has been used to treat many diseases effectively. 7α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (7α-HSDH) and 7β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (7β-HSDH) are …             Histological validation of fast macromolecular proton fraction mapping as a quantitative myelin imaging method in the cuprizone demyelination model ▶     Marina Yu Khodanovich, Irina V. Sorokina, Valentina Yu Glazacheva et al.     Cuprizone-induced demyelination in mice is a frequently used model in preclinical multiple sclerosis research. A recent quantitative clinically-targeted MRI method, fast …             The Clinical Efficacy of Fibrinogen Concentrate in Massive Obstetric Haemorrhage with Hypofibrinogenaemia ▶     Shigetaka Matsunaga, Yasushi Takai, Eishin Nakamura et al.     Massive obstetric haemorrhage remains a major cause of maternal death attributable to hypofibrinogenaemia. Transfusion of large volumes of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) is required …             iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis reveals key proteins affecting muscle growth and lipid deposition in pigs ▶     Zhixiu Wang, Peng Shang, Qinggang Li et al.     Growth rate and meat quality, two economically important traits in pigs, are controlled by multiple genes and biological pathways. In the present study, we performed a proteomic …             Fasciola hepatica glycoconjugates immuneregulate dendritic cells through the Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin inducing T cell anergy ▶     Ernesto Rodríguez, Hakan Kalay, Verónica Noya et al.     Dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3 grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN) expressed on a variety of DCs, is a C-type lectin receptor that recognizes glycans on a diverse range of pathogens, …             Corrigendum: The clinically approved antiviral drug sofosbuvir inhibits Zika virus replication ▶     Carolina Q. Sacramento, Gabrielle R. de Melo, Caroline S. de Freitas et al.                 Allele-Selective Suppression of Mutant Huntingtin in Primary Human Blood Cells ▶     James R. C. Miller, Edith L. Pfister, Wanzhao Liu et al.     Post-transcriptional gene silencing is a promising therapy for the monogenic, autosomal dominant, Huntington’s disease (HD). However, wild-type huntingtin (HTT) has important …             Identification of pro-inflammatory CD205+ macrophages in livers of hepatitis B virus transgenic mice and patients with chronic hepatitis B ▶     Liang Yong, Minmin Li, Yimin Gao et al.     Hepatic macrophages play a central role in disease pathogenesis during hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Our previous study found that CD205+ macrophages in the liver of …             Dihydromyricetin Induces Apoptosis and Reverses Drug Resistance in Ovarian Cancer Cells by p53-mediated Downregulation of Survivin ▶     Yingqi Xu, Shengpeng Wang, Hon Fai Chan et al.     Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of death in gynecological malignancies, and the resistance to chemotherapeutic agents remains a major challenge to successful ovarian …             Development of a fluorescent ASFV strain that retains the ability to cause disease in swine ▶     Manuel V. Borca, Vivian O’Donnell, Lauren G. Holinka et al.     African swine fever is a contagious and often lethal disease for domestic pigs with a significant economic impact for the swine industry. The etiological agent, African swine …             An attenuated Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical strain with a defect in ESX-1 secretion induces minimal host immune responses and pathology ▶     Helena Strand Clemmensen, Niels Peter Hell Knudsen, Erik Michael Rasmussen et al.     Although Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) DK9897 is an attenuated strain, it was isolated from a patient with extrapulmonary tuberculosis and vaccination with a subunit vaccine …             Transcriptome profiling of sulfate deprivation responses in two agarophytes Gracilaria changii and Gracilaria salicornia (Rhodophyta) ▶     Wei-Kang Lee, Parameswari Namasivayam, Janna Ong Abdullah et al.     Seaweeds survive in marine waters with high sulfate concentration compared to those living at freshwater habitats. The cell wall polymer of Gracilaria spp. which supplies more …             Curcumol allosterically modulates GABA(A) receptors in a manner distinct from benzodiazepines ▶     Yan-Mei Liu, Hui-Ran Fan, Jing Ding et al.     Inhibitory A type γ-aminobutyric acid receptors (GABAARs) play a pivotal role in orchestrating various brain functions and represent an important molecular target in neurological …             Pathways and Genes Associated with Immune Dysfunction in Sheep Paratuberculosis ▶     Anton Gossner, Craig Watkins, Francesca Chianini et al.     Multibacillary and paucibacillary paratuberculosis are both caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. Multibacillary lesions are composed largely of infected …             How voluntary orienting of attention and alerting modulate costs of conflict processing ▶     Alberto Zani, Alice Mado Proverbio     There is evidence that pre-cued valid orienting of attention to competing information diminishes costs of brain processing of conflict. Still unclear, because scantily addressed …             Glucose-dependent regulation of pregnane X receptor is modulated by AMP-activated protein kinase ▶     Peter O. Oladimeji, Wenwei Lin, C. Trent Brewer et al.     Pregnane X receptor (PXR) is a xenobiotic receptor that regulates the detoxification and clearance of drugs and foreign compounds from the liver. There has been mounting evidence …             Functional, thermodynamics, structural and biological studies of in silico-identified inhibitors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis enoyl-ACP(CoA) reductase enzyme ▶     Leonardo K. B. Martinelli, Mariane Rotta, Anne D. Villela et al.     Novel chemotherapeutics agents are needed to kill Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the main causative agent of tuberculosis (TB). The M. tuberculosis 2-trans-enoyl-ACP(CoA) reductase …             Empirical Modeling of Physiochemical Immune Response of Multilayer Zinc Oxide Nanomaterials under UV Exposure to Melanoma and Foreskin Fibroblasts ▶     Muhammad Fakhar-e-Alam, M. Waseem Akram, Seemab Iqbal et al.     Carcinogenesis is a complex molecular process starting with genetic and epigenetic alterations, mutation stimulation, and DNA modification, which leads to proteomic adaptation …             The impact of gold mining and agricultural concessions on the tree cover and local communities in northern Myanmar ▶     Sarah Papworth, Madhu Rao, Myint Myint Oo et al.     Myanmar offers unique opportunities for both biodiversity conservation and foreign direct investment due to projected economic growth linked to natural resource exploitation. …             Nontuberculous mycobacteria in gastrostomy fed patients with cystic fibrosis ▶     H. Al-momani, A. Perry, R. Jones et al.     Multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABSC) is a form of Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) of special, international concern in Cystic Fibrosis (CF). We …             Elevated circulating levels of the interferon-γ–induced chemokines are associated with disease activity and cutaneous manifestations in adult-onset Still’s disease ▶     Jae Ho Han, Chang-Hee Suh, Ju-Yang Jung et al.     C-X-C motif chemokine 9 (CXCL9), CXCL10, and CXCL11 are produced in response to interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and trigger inflammation with the accumulation of activated lymphocytes. It …             An integrated double-filtration microfluidic device for isolation, enrichment and quantification of urinary extracellular vesicles for detection of bladder cancer ▶     Li-Guo Liang, Meng-Qi Kong, Sherry Zhou et al.     Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, are present in a variety of bodily fluids, and the concentration of these sub-cellular vesicles and their …             Rational design of non-resistant targeted cancer therapies ▶     Francisco Martínez-Jiménez, John P. Overington, Bissan Al-Lazikani et al.     Drug resistance is one of the major problems in targeted cancer therapy. A major cause of resistance is changes in the amino acids that form the drug-target binding site. Despite …             Human fetal heart specific coexpression network involves congenital heart disease/defect candidate genes ▶     Bo Wang, Guoling You, Qihua Fu     Heart development is a complex process requiring dynamic transcriptional regulation. Disturbance of this process will lead to severe developmental defects such as congenital …             Fusions of Tumor-derived Endothelial Cells with Dendritic Cells Induces Antitumor Immunity ▶     Yingying Huang, Qiqi Mao, Jian He et al.     To explore dendritic cells/tumor-derived endothelial cells (DC/EC) fusion cells are potent stimulators of T cells to impact tumor progression. ECs were isolated from mice …             Multiplex lexical networks reveal patterns in early word acquisition in children ▶     Massimo Stella, Nicole M. Beckage, Markus Brede     Network models of language have provided a way of linking cognitive processes to language structure. However, current approaches focus only on one linguistic relationship at a …             Key role of 15-LO/15-HETE in angiogenesis and functional recovery in later stages of post-stroke mice ▶     Di Wang, Yu Liu, Li Chen et al.     This study sought to clarify the effects of 15-lipoxygenase/15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid in angiogenesis and neurological functional recovery after cerebral ischaemic stroke …             Broad and potent cross clade neutralizing antibodies with multiple specificities in the plasma of HIV-1 subtype C infected individuals ▶     Narayanaiah Cheedarla, K. Lucia Precilla, Hemalatha Babu et al.     Broadly Cross clade Neutralizing (BCN) antibodies are recognized as potential therapeutic tools and leads for the design of a vaccine that can protect human beings against …             Oxoaporphine Metal Complexes (CoII, NiII, ZnII) with High Antitumor Activity by Inducing Mitochondria-Mediated Apoptosis and S-phase Arrest in HepG2 ▶     Jiao-Lan Qin, Wen-Ying Shen, Zhen-Feng Chen et al.     Three new oxoaporphine Co(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) complexes 1–3 have been synthesized and fully characterized. 1–3 have similar mononuclear structures with the metal and ligand …             Metabolism dysregulation induces a specific lipid signature of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in patients ▶     Franck Chiappini, Audrey Coilly, Hanane Kadar et al.     Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a condition which can progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Markers for NASH diagnosis are still lacking. We performed a …             Synthesis and anti-obesity effects in vivo of Crotadihydrofuran C as a novel PPARγ antagonist from Crotalaria albida ▶     Qin-Hu Sun, Yu Zhang, Gui-Xin Chou     Crotadihydrofuran C (CC) from the herbs of Crotalaria albida is able to inhibit adipocyte differentiation and lipid accumulation. However, the effects of CC on obesity and …             Long term stability and infectivity of herpesviruses in water ▶     Anisha Dayaram, Mathias Franz, Alexander Schattschneider et al.     For viruses to utilize environmental vectors (hard surfaces, soil, water) for transmission, physical and chemical stability is a prerequisite. There are many factors including …             A large-scale benchmark of gene prioritization methods ▶     Dimitri Guala, Erik L. L. Sonnhammer     In order to maximize the use of results from high-throughput experimental studies, e.g. GWAS, for identification and diagnostics of new disease-associated genes, it is important …             Corrigendum: Construction and immunogenicity of a recombinant swinepox virus expressing a multi-epitope peptide for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus ▶     Huixing Lin, Zhe Ma, Xin Hou et al.                 Opossum APOBEC1 is a DNA mutator with retrovirus and retroelement restriction activity ▶     Terumasa Ikeda, Mayuko Shimoda, Diako Ebrahimi et al.     APOBEC3s (A3s) are single-stranded DNA cytosine deaminases that provide innate immune defences against retroviruses and mobile elements. A3s are specific to eutherian mammals …             Novel SUMO-Protease SENP7S Regulates β-catenin Signaling and Mammary Epithelial Cell Transformation ▶     Samaneh Karami, Feng-Ming Lin, Santosh Kumar et al.     SUMO post-translational modification of proteins or SUMOylation ensures normal cell function. Disruption of SUMO dynamics prompts various pathophysiological conditions, including …             The small G protein Arf6 expressed in keratinocytes by HGF stimulation is a regulator for skin wound healing ▶     Yuki Miura, Van Ngo Thai Bich, Momoko Furuya et al.     The earlier step of cutaneous wound healing process, re-epithelialization of the wounded skin, is triggered by a variety of growth factors. However, molecular mechanisms through …             Straight and rigid flagellar hook made by insertion of the FlgG specific sequence into FlgE ▶     Koichi D. Hiraoka, Yusuke V. Morimoto, Yumi Inoue et al.     The bacterial flagellar hook connects the helical flagellar filament to the rotary motor at its base. Bending flexibility of the hook allows the helical filaments to form a …             Sites of overt and covert attention define simultaneous spatial reference centers for visuomotor response ▶     Yang Zhou, Lixin Liang, Yujun Pan et al.     The site of overt attention (fixation point) defines a spatial reference center that affects visuomotor response as indicated by the stimulus-response-compatibility (SRC) effect: …             Geographic variation in floral traits and the capacity of autonomous selfing across allopatric and sympatric populations of two closely related Centaurium species ▶     Dorien Schouppe, Rein Brys, Mario Vallejo-Marin et al.     Floral traits and the relative contribution of autonomous selfing to total seed set varies geographically and is often driven by the availability and abundance of suitable …             Sensory system plasticity in a visually specialized, nocturnal spider ▶     Jay A. Stafstrom, Peter Michalik, Eileen A. Hebets     The interplay between an animal’s environmental niche and its behavior can influence the evolutionary form and function of its sensory systems. While intraspecific variation in …             Selection of relatively exact reference genes for gene expression studies in goosegrass (Eleusine indica) under herbicide stress ▶     Jingchao Chen, Zhaofeng Huang, Hongjuan Huang et al.     Goosegrass (Eleusine indica) is one of the most serious annual grassy weeds worldwide, and its evolved herbicide-resistant populations are more difficult to control. Quantitative …             Fatty acid synthase cooperates with protrudin to facilitate membrane outgrowth of cellular protrusions ▶     Chuanling Zhang, Jiaqi Lu, Huizhong Su et al.     Cellular protrusion formation capacity is a key feature of developing neurons and many eukaryotic cells. However, the mechanisms underlying membrane growth in protrusion …             Expression control of the AMPK regulatory subunit and its functional significance in yeast ER stress response ▶     Yuichi Kimura, Kenji Irie, Tomoaki Mizuno     AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an evolutionarily conserved heterotrimeric kinase complex consisting of a catalytic subunit, α, and two regulatory subunits, β and γ. …             Intracellular lipid binding protein family diversity from Oyster Crassostrea gigas: genomic and structural features of invertebrate lipid transporters ▶     Guilherme de Toledo-Silva, Guilherme Razzera, Flavia Lucena Zacchi et al.     Intracellular lipid binding proteins (iLBPs) play a role in the transport and cellular uptake of fatty acids and gene expression regulation. The aim of this work was to …             The risk of translaminar screw fixation to the transverse foramen of the lower cervical spine: a computed tomography study ▶     Ganggang Kong, Wei Ji, Zucheng Huang et al.     Translaminar screw fixation (TSF) of the axis is considered as an efficient, safe and simple surgical procedure, however the study of the potential risk of TSF to the transverse …             Impact of Surface-Active Guanidinium-, Tetramethylguanidinium-, and Cholinium-Based Ionic Liquids on Vibrio Fischeri Cells and Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine Liposomes ▶     Antti H. Rantamäki, Suvi-Katriina Ruokonen, Evangelos Sklavounos et al.     We investigated the toxicological effect of seven novel cholinium, guanidinium, and tetramethylguanidinium carboxylate ionic liquids (ILs) from an ecotoxicological point of view. …             Interleukin-6 increases the expression and activity of insulin-degrading enzyme ▶     Mirian A. Kurauti, José M. Costa-Júnior, Sandra M. Ferreira et al.     Impairment of the insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) is associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Here, we used 4-mo-old male C57BL/6 interleukin-6 (IL-6) knockout …             A Formulated TLR7/8 Agonist is a Flexible, Highly Potent and Effective Adjuvant for Pandemic Influenza Vaccines ▶     Neal Van Hoeven, Christopher B. Fox, Brian Granger et al.     Since 1997, highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses of the H5N1 subtype have been transmitted from avian hosts to humans. The severity of H5N1 infection in humans, as well as …             A specific nanobody prevents amyloidogenesis of D76N β2-microglobulin in vitro and modifies its tissue distribution in vivo ▶     Sara Raimondi, Riccardo Porcari, P. Patrizia Mangione et al.     Systemic amyloidosis is caused by misfolding and aggregation of globular proteins in vivo for which effective treatments are urgently needed. Inhibition of protein …             MicroRNA-26a targets MAPK6 to inhibit smooth muscle cell proliferation and vein graft neointimal hyperplasia ▶     Juanjuan Tan, Liguo Yang, Cuicui Liu et al.     Neointima formation is the major reason for vein graft failure. However, the underlying mechanism is unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the role of miR-26a in the …             The evolutionary life cycle of the polysaccharide biosynthetic gene cluster based on the Sphingomonadaceae ▶     Mengmeng Wu, Haidong Huang, Guoqiang Li et al.     Although clustering of genes from the same metabolic pathway is a widespread phenomenon, the evolution of the polysaccharide biosynthetic gene cluster remains poorly understood. …             Fabrication, characterization, and biological evaluation of anti-HER2 indocyanine green-doxorubicin-encapsulated PEG-b-PLGA copolymeric nanoparticles for targeted photochemotherapy of breast cancer cells ▶     Yu-Hsiang Lee, Da-Sheng Chang     In this study, we aimed to develop anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) indocyanine green (ICG)-doxorubicin (DOX)-encapsulated polyethylene …             A non-canonical binding interface in the crystal structure of HIV-1 gp120 core in complex with CD4 ▶     Liang-Wei Duan, Hui Zhang, Meng-Ting Zhao et al.     Numerous crystal structures of HIV gp120 have been reported, alone or with receptor CD4 and cognate antibodies; however, no sole gp120/CD4 complex without stabilization by an …             Sirtuins in the phylum Basidiomycota: A role in virulence in Cryptococcus neoformans ▶     Samantha D. M. Arras, Jessica L. Chitty, Maha S. I. Wizrah et al.     Virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans is regulated by a range of transcription factors, and is also influenced by the acquisition of adaptive mutations during infection. Beyond …             Weak connections form an infinite number of patterns in the brain ▶     Hai-Peng Ren, Chao Bai, Murilo S. Baptista et al.     Recently, much attention has been paid to interpreting the mechanisms for memory formation in terms of brain connectivity and dynamics. Within the plethora of collective states a …             Evaluation of the precision of contrast sensitivity function assessment on a tablet device ▶     Michael Dorr, Luis A. Lesmes, Tobias Elze et al.     The contrast sensitivity function (CSF) relates the visibility of a spatial pattern to both its size and contrast, and is therefore a more comprehensive assessment of visual …             Estrogen reprograms the activity of neutrophils to foster protumoral microenvironment during mammary involution ▶     Hwa Hwa Chung, Yu Zuan Or, Smeeta Shrestha et al.     Epidemiological studies have indicated increased risk for breast cancer within 10 years of childbirth. Acute inflammation during mammary involution has been suggested to promote …             Sight and sound persistently out of synch: stable individual differences in audiovisual synchronisation revealed by implicit measures of lip-voice integration ▶     Alberta Ipser, Vlera Agolli, Anisa Bajraktari et al.     Are sight and sound out of synch? Signs that they are have been dismissed for over two centuries as an artefact of attentional and response bias, to which traditional subjective …             Synchronization and variability imbalance underlie cognitive impairment in primary-progressive multiple sclerosis ▶     Maria Petracca, Catarina Saiote, Heidi A. Bender et al.     We aimed to investigate functional connectivity and variability across multiple frequency bands in brain networks underlying cognitive deficits in primary-progressive multiple …             Identifying tagging SNPs for African specific genetic variation from the African Diaspora Genome ▶     Henry Richard Johnston, Yi-Juan Hu, Jingjing Gao et al.     A primary goal of The Consortium on Asthma among African-ancestry Populations in the Americas (CAAPA) is to develop an ‘African Diaspora Power Chip’ (ADPC), a genotyping array …             New Bicyclic Cembranoids from the South China Sea Soft Coral Sarcophyton trocheliophorum ▶     Lin-Fu Liang, Wen-Ting Chen, Xu-Wen Li et al.     Nine new bicyclic cembranoids, sarcophytrols M–U(1–9), were isolated from the South China Sea soft coral Sarcophyton trocheliophorum as minor components, along with one known …             Verteporfin-induced formation of protein cross-linked oligomers and high molecular weight complexes is mediated by light and leads to cell toxicity ▶     Eleni K. Konstantinou, Shoji Notomi, Cassandra Kosmidou et al.     Verteporfin (VP) was first used in Photodynamic therapy, where a non-thermal laser light (689 nm) in the presence of oxygen activates the drug to produce highly reactive oxygen …             Imaging genetics approach to Parkinson’s disease and its correlation with clinical score ▶     Mansu Kim, Jonghoon Kim, Seung-Hak Lee et al.     Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder associated with both underlying genetic factors and neuroimaging findings. Existing neuroimaging studies …             Crossing lines: a multidisciplinary framework for assessing connectivity of hammerhead sharks across jurisdictional boundaries ▶     A. Chin, C. A. Simpfendorfer, W. T. White et al.     Conservation and management of migratory species can be complex and challenging. International agreements such as the Convention on Migratory Species (CMS) provide policy …             Comprehensive assessment showed no associations of variants at the SLC10A1 locus with susceptibility to persistent HBV infection among Southern Chinese ▶     Ying Zhang, Yuanfeng Li, Miantao Wu et al.     The sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP) encoded by SLC10A1 was recently demonstrated to be a functional receptor for hepatitis B virus (HBV). The role of SLC10A1…             Neuroprotective pentapeptide CN-105 is associated with reduced sterile inflammation and improved functional outcomes in a traumatic brain injury murine model ▶     Daniel T. Laskowitz, Haichen Wang, Tony Chen et al.     At present, there are no proven pharmacological treatments demonstrated to improve long term functional outcomes following traumatic brain injury(TBI). In the setting of …             Red light improves spermatozoa motility and does not induce oxidative DNA damage ▶     Daryl Preece, Kay W. Chow, Veronica Gomez-Godinez et al.     The ability to successfully fertilize ova relies upon the swimming ability of spermatozoa. Both in humans and in animals, sperm motility has been used as a metric for the …             The valosin-containing protein is a novel mediator of mitochondrial respiration and cell survival in the heart in vivo ▶     Paulo Lizano, Eman Rashed, Shaunrick Stoll et al.     The valosin-containing protein (VCP) participates in signaling pathways essential for cell homeostasis in multiple tissues, however, its function in the heart in vivo remains …             IFNβ Protects Neurons from Damage in a Murine Model of HIV-1 Associated Brain Injury ▶     Victoria E. Thaney, Alan M. O’Neill, Melanie M. Hoefer et al.     Infection with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) causes brain injury. Type I interferons (IFNα/β) are critical mediators of any anti-viral immune response and IFNβ has been …             Fluorescence and Bioluminescence Imaging of Angiogenesis in Flk1-Nano-lantern Transgenic Mice ▶     Jun Matsushita, Shigenori Inagaki, Tomomi Nishie et al.     Angiogenesis is important for normal development as well as for tumour growth. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying angiogenesis are not fully understood, …             Structure Shapes Dynamics and Directionality in Diverse Brain Networks: Mathematical Principles and Empirical Confirmation in Three Species ▶     Joon-Young Moon, Junhyeok Kim, Tae-Wook Ko et al.     Identifying how spatially distributed information becomes integrated in the brain is essential to understanding higher cognitive functions. Previous computational and empirical …             Graphene oxide as an interface phase between polyetheretherketone and hydroxyapatite for tissue engineering scaffolds ▶     Shuping Peng, Pei Feng, Ping Wu et al.     The poor bonding strength between biopolymer and bioceramic has remained an unsolved issue. In this study, graphene oxide (GO) was introduced as an interface phase to improve the …             Perturbed oral motor control due to anesthesia during intraoral manipulation of food ▶     Joannis Grigoriadis, Abhishek Kumar, Peter Svensson et al.     Sensory information from periodontal mechanoreceptors (PMRs) surrounding the roots of natural teeth is important for optimizing the positioning of food and adjustment of force …             MicroRNA-27a-3p Modulates the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway to Promote Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Oral Squamous Carcinoma Stem Cells by Targeting SFRP1 ▶     Bin Qiao, Bao-Xia He, Jing-Hua Cai et al.     This study aimed to elucidate how microRNA27a-3p (miR-27a-3p) modulates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to promote the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in oral …             Characterization of Different Microbubbles in Assisting Focused Ultrasound-Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Opening ▶     Sheng-Kai Wu, Po-Chun Chu, Wen-Yen Chai et al.     Microbubbles (MBs) serve as a critical catalyst to amplify local cavitation in CNS capillary lumen to facilitate focused ultrasound (FUS) to transiently open the blood-brain …             YAP modulates TGF-β1-induced simultaneous apoptosis and EMT through upregulation of the EGF receptor ▶     Yi Liu, Kai He, Ying Hu et al.     YAP is a transcriptional co-regulator that plays important roles in various patho-physiological processes, including the survival and death of cells. However, the effect of YAP …             Invasion of Ancestral Mammals into Dim-light Environments Inferred from Adaptive Evolution of the Phototransduction Genes ▶     Yonghua Wu, Haifeng Wang, Elizabeth A. Hadly     Nocturnality is a key evolutionary innovation of mammals that enables mammals to occupy relatively empty nocturnal niches. Invasion of ancestral mammals into nocturnality has …             Persimmon Leaves (Diospyros kaki) Extract Protects Optic Nerve Crush-Induced Retinal Degeneration ▶     Hong Ryul Ahn, Kyung-A Kim, Suk Woo Kang et al.     Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death is part of many retinal diseases. Here, we report that the ethanol extract of Diospyros kaki (EEDK) exhibits protective properties against …             Corrigendum: Visualization of Neuregulin 1 ectodomain shedding reveals its local processing in vitro and in vivo ▶     Aosa Kamezaki, Fuminori Sato, Kazuhiro Aoki et al.                 Data Intensive Genome Level Analysis for Identifying Novel, Non-Toxic Drug Targets for Multi Drug Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis ▶     Divneet Kaur, Rintu Kutum, Debasis Dash et al.     We report the construction of a novel Systems Biology based virtual drug discovery model for the prediction of non-toxic metabolic targets in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). …             Label-free single-cell separation and imaging of cancer cells using an integrated microfluidic system ▶     Maria Antfolk, Soo Hyeon Kim, Saori Koizumi et al.     The incidence of cancer is increasing worldwide and metastatic disease, through the spread of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), is responsible for the majority of the cancer …             Salt suppresses IFNγ inducible chemokines through the IFNγ-JAK1-STAT1 signaling pathway in proximal tubular cells ▶     Yohei Arai, Daiei Takahashi, Kenichi Asano et al.     The mechanisms of immunoactivation by salt are now becoming clearer. However, those of immunosuppression remain unknown. Since clinical evidence indicates that salt protects …             The neural dynamics underlying the interpersonal effects of emotional expression on decision making ▶     Xuhai Chen, Tingting Zheng, Lingzi Han et al.     Although numerous studies explore the effects of emotion on decision-making, the existing research has mainly focused on the influence of intrapersonal emotions, leaving the …             Revealing Hidden Conformational Space of LOV Protein VIVID Through Rigid Residue Scan Simulations ▶     Hongyu Zhou, Brian D. Zoltowski, Peng Tao     VIVID(VVD) protein is a Light-Oxygen-Voltage(LOV) domain in circadian clock system. Upon blue light activation, a covalent bond is formed between VVD residue Cys108 and its …             Differences in salicylic acid glucose conjugations by UGT74F1 and UGT74F2 from Arabidopsis thaliana ▶     Alayna M. George Thompson, Cristina V. Iancu, Kenneth E. Neet et al.     Salicylic acid (SA) is a signaling molecule utilized by plants in response to various stresses. Through conjugation with small organic molecules such as glucose, an inactive form …             Insecticidal activity of garlic essential oil and their constituents against the mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) ▶     Angelica Plata-Rueda, Luis Carlos Martínez, Marcelo Henrique Dos Santos et al.     This study evaluated the insecticidal activity of garlic, Allium sativum Linnaeus (Amaryllidaceae) essential oil and their principal constituents on Tenebrio molitor. Garlic …             Nonspecific synaptic plasticity improves the recognition of sparse patterns degraded by local noise ▶     Karen Safaryan, Reinoud Maex, Neil Davey et al.     Many forms of synaptic plasticity require the local production of volatile or rapidly diffusing substances such as nitric oxide. The nonspecific plasticity these neuromodulators …             Plant gum identification in historic artworks ▶     Clara Granzotto, Julie Arslanoglu, Christian Rolando et al.     We describe an integrated and straightforward new analytical protocol that identifies plant gums from various sample sources including cultural heritage. Our approach is based on …             Nerve degeneration and regeneration in the cephalopod mollusc Octopus vulgaris: the case of the pallial nerve ▶     Pamela Imperadore, Sameer B. Shah, Helen P. Makarenkova et al.     Regeneration is a process that restores structure and function of tissues damaged by injury or disease. In mammals complete regeneration is often unsuccessful, while most of the …             Transcriptome Analysis of Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Fruit Epidermal Peel to Identify Putative Cuticle-Associated Genes ▶     Julio C. Tafolla-Arellano, Yi Zheng, Honghe Sun et al.     Mango fruit (Mangifera indica L.) are highly perishable and have a limited shelf life, due to postharvest desiccation and senescence, which limits their global distribution. …             LncRNAs2Pathways: Identifying the pathways influenced by a set of lncRNAs of interest based on a global network propagation method ▶     Junwei Han, Siyao Liu, Zeguo Sun et al.     Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been demonstrated to play essential roles in diverse cellular processes and biological functions. Exploring the functions associated with …             SUV39H1 Reduction Is Implicated in Abnormal Inflammation in COPD ▶     Tzu-Tao Chen, Sheng-Ming Wu, Shu-Chuan Ho et al.     Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) is characterized by enhanced chronic inflammation in the airways, lung parenchyma, and circulation. We investigated whether SUV39H1, a …             Toxicological and biochemical basis of synergism between the entomopathogenic fungus Lecanicillium muscarium and the insecticide matrine against Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) ▶     Shaukat Ali, Can Zhang, Zeqing Wang et al.     The sweetpotato whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) was challenged with different combinations of matrine (insecticide) and Lecanicillium muscarium (entomopathogenic fungus). Our …             Aptamer-mediated impairment of EGFR-integrin αvβ3 complex inhibits vasculogenic mimicry and growth of triple-negative breast cancers ▶     Simona Camorani, Elvira Crescenzi, Matteo Gramanzini et al.     Current treatment options for triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) is limited by the absence of well-defined biomarkers, excluding a targeted therapy. Notably, epidermal growth …             Novel interactions of the von Hippel-Lindau (pVHL) tumor suppressor with the CDKN1 family of cell cycle inhibitors ▶     Giovanni Minervini, Raffaele Lopreiato, Raissa Bortolotto et al.     Germline inactivation of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor predisposes patients to develop different highly vascularized cancers. pVHL targets the hypoxia-inducible …             Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance prediction and lineage classification from genome sequencing: comparison of automated analysis tools ▶     Viola Schleusener, Claudio U. Köser, Patrick Beckert et al.     Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) has the potential to accelerate drug-susceptibility testing (DST) to design appropriate regimens for drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB). Several …             Hyperpolarized 13C Spectroscopic Evaluation of Oxidative Stress in a Rodent Model of Steatohepatitis ▶     David M. Wilson, Valentina Di Gialleonardo, Zhen J. Wang et al.     Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become highly prevalent, now considered the most common liver disease in the western world. Approximately one-third of patients with …             Urinary and Fecal Metabonomics Study of the Protective Effect of Chaihu-Shu-Gan-San on Antibiotic-Induced Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Rats ▶     Meng Yu, Hong-Mei Jia, Chao Zhou et al.     Accumulating evidence suggests that the gut microbiota dysbiosis and their host metabolic phenotype alteration is an important factor in human disease development. A traditional …             The effect of hydraulic flowback and produced water on gill morphology, oxidative stress and antioxidant response in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) ▶     Tamzin A. Blewett, Alyssa M. Weinrauch, Perrine L. M. Delompré et al.     Hydraulic fracturing fluid are complex mixtures containing high concentrations of salts (up to 330,000 ppm), organic, and metal contaminants. However, little data exist on the …             Association of Serum Autotaxin Levels with Liver Fibrosis in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C ▶     Tomoo Yamazaki, Satoru Joshita, Takeji Umemura et al.     Metabolized by liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, autotaxin (ATX) is a secreted enzyme considered to be associated with liver damage. We sought to clarify the diagnostic ability …             Oncogenic activity of SOX1 in glioblastoma ▶     Idoia Garcia, Juncal Aldaregia, Jelena Marjanovic Vicentic et al.     Glioblastoma remains the most common and deadliest type of brain tumor and contains a population of self-renewing, highly tumorigenic glioma stem cells (GSCs), which contributes …             Individual size but not additional nitrogen regulates tree carbon sequestration in a subtropical forest ▶     Jianping Wu, Honglang Duan, Wenfei Liu et al.     Recent studies have indicated that tree carbon accumulation in subtropical forests has been negatively affected by global change phenomena such as warming and drought. However, …             The Impact of Treatments for Depression on the Dynamic Network Structure of Mental States: Two Randomized Controlled Trials ▶     Evelien Snippe, Wolfgang Viechtbauer, Nicole Geschwind et al.     Evidence is growing that vulnerability to depression may be characterized by strong negative feedback loops between mental states. It is unknown whether such dynamics between …             In plastico: laboratory material newness affects growth and reproduction of Daphnia magna reared in 50-ml polypropylene tubes ▶     Marek Cuhra, Thomas Bøhn, Petr Cuhra     Plastic laboratory materials are found to affect vital parameters of the waterflea Daphnia magna. The main responsible factor is defined as “newness” of the materials. Juvenile …             2D-DIGE as a strategy to identify serum biomarkers in Mexican patients with Type-2 diabetes with different body mass index ▶     Erik E. Gómez-Cardona, Eric E. Hernández-Domínguez, Aída J. Velarde-Salcedo et al.     Obesity and type 2 diabetes(T2D) are the most prevalent and serious metabolic diseases affecting people worldwide. However racial and ethnic disparities seems to be a risk factor …             Identification and characterization of miRNAs in two closely related C4 and C3 species of Cleome by high-throughput sequencing ▶     Shuangcheng Gao, Wei Zhao, Xiang Li et al.     Cleome gynandra and Cleome hassleriana, which are C4 and C3 plants, respectively, are two species of Cleome. The close genetic relationship between C. gynandra and C. hassleriana …             Compromised External Validity: Federally Produced Cannabis Does Not Reflect Legal Markets ▶     Daniela Vergara, L. Cinnamon Bidwell, Reggie Gaudino et al.     As the most widely used illicit drug worldwide, and as a source of numerous under-studied pharmacologically-active compounds, a precise understanding of variability in …             Differential Control of Asexual Development and Sterigmatocystin Biosynthesis by a Novel Regulator in Aspergillus nidulans ▶     Yong Jin Kim, Yu Yeong Man, Pil Jae Maeng     The filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans primarily reproduces by forming asexual spores called conidia and produces the mycotoxin sterigmatocystin (ST), the penultimate …             Spastic paraplegia-linked phospholipase PAPLA1 is necessary for development, reproduction, and energy metabolism in Drosophila ▶     Martina Gáliková, Peter Klepsatel, Judith Münch et al.     The human PAPLA1 phospholipase family is associated with hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP), a neurodegenerative syndrome characterized by progressive spasticity and weakness of …             Erratum: Maternally expressed NLRP2 links the subcortical maternal complex (SCMC) to fertility, embryogenesis and epigenetic reprogramming ▶     Sangeetha Mahadevan, Varsha Sathappan, Budi Utama et al.                 The evolutionary history of bears is characterized by gene flow across species ▶     Vikas Kumar, Fritjof Lammers, Tobias Bidon et al.     Bears are iconic mammals with a complex evolutionary history. Natural bear hybrids and studies of few nuclear genes indicate that gene flow among bears may be more common than …             Assessment of China’s H5N1 routine vaccination strategy ▶     Zhen Sun, Jimin Wang, Zeying Huang     In this study, a simulation model was used to assess the epidemiological and economic impacts of the routine vaccination strategy for H5N1 in China at the national level. The …             Improved ganoderic acids production in Ganoderma lucidum by wood decaying components ▶     Yanru Hu, Shakeel Ahmed, Jiawei Li et al.     Ganoderma lucidum is a legendary Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) over a few thousands of years and one kind of its major active components are Ganoderic acids (GAs). GAs are …             Construction of a high-density linkage map and fine mapping of QTLs for growth and gonad related traits in blunt snout bream ▶     Shi-Ming Wan, Hong Liu, Bo-Wen Zhao et al.     High-density genetic maps based on SNPs are essential for fine mapping loci controlling specific traits for fish species. Using restriction-site associated DNA tag sequencing …             Biotin-transfer from a trifunctional crosslinker for identification of cell surface receptors of soluble protein ligands ▶     Tammy-Lynn Tremblay, Jennifer J. Hill     Here we describe a novel crosslinker and its application as a biotin-transfer reagent to identify cell surface receptors of soluble protein ligands on live cells. This …             Anticancer properties of a defensin like class IId bacteriocin Laterosporulin10 ▶     Piyush Baindara, Ankur Gautam, G. P. S. Raghava et al.     Laterosporulin10 (LS10) is a defensin like peptide from Brevibacillus sp. strain SKDU10 that inhibited microbial pathogens. However, in this study, anticancer activity of LS10 …             The role of domestication and experience in ‘looking back’ towards humans in an unsolvable task ▶     Sarah Marshall-Pescini, Akshay Rao, Zsófia Virányi et al.     A key element thought to have changed during domestication is dogs’ propensity to communicate with humans, particularly their inclination to gaze at them. A classic test to …             Detection of a new pyrethroid resistance mutation (V410L) in the sodium channel of Aedes aegypti: a potential challenge for mosquito control ▶     Khalid Haddi, Hudson V. V. Tomé, Yuzhe Du et al.     The yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, particularly in Neotropical regions, is the principal vector of dengue, yellow fever, Zika and Chikungunya viruses. Pyrethroids remain …             Clustering by fast search and merge of local density peaks for gene expression microarray data ▶     Rashid Mehmood, Saeed El-Ashram, Rongfang Bie et al.     Clustering is an unsupervised approach to classify elements based on their similarity, and it is used to find the intrinsic patterns of data. There are enormous applications of …             Determinants of Thermostability in Serine Hydroxymethyltransferase Identified by Principal Component Analysis ▶     Fei Leng, Lu-Yun Wu, Chang Lu et al.     Protein thermostability has received growing attention in recent years. Little is known about the determinants of thermal resistance in individual protein families. However, it …             Male African elephants discriminate and prefer vocalizations of unfamiliar females ▶     Angela S. Stoeger, Anton Baotic     Gaining information about conspecifics via long-distance vocalizations is crucial for social and spatially flexible species such as the African elephant (Loxodonta africana). …             Structural basis of inhibition of lipid-linked oligosaccharide flippase PglK by a conformational nanobody ▶     Camilo Perez, Martin Köhler, Daniel Janser et al.     PglK is an ABC transporter that flips a lipid-linked oligosaccharide (LLO) that serves as a donor in protein N-glycosylation. Previous structures revealed two inward-facing …             Effective in vivo therapeutic IgG antibody against VP3 of enterovirus 71 with receptor-competing activity ▶     Qiang Jia, Qingyong Ng, Wenjie Chin et al.     Passive immunization is an effective option for treatment against hand, foot and mouth disease caused by EV71, especially with cross-neutralizing IgG monoclonal antibodies. In …             Heritability maps of human face morphology through large-scale automated three-dimensional phenotyping ▶     Dimosthenis Tsagkrasoulis, Pirro Hysi, Tim Spector et al.     The human face is a complex trait under strong genetic control, as evidenced by the striking visual similarity between twins. Nevertheless, heritability estimates of facial …             Current carried by the Slc26 family member prestin does not flow through the transporter pathway ▶     Jun-Ping Bai, Iman Moeini-Naghani, Sheng Zhong et al.     Prestin in the lateral membrane of outer hair cells, is responsible for electromotility (EM) and a corresponding nonlinear capacitance (NLC). Prestin’s voltage sensitivity is …             Dissecting the genetic architecture of Fusarium verticillioides seed rot resistance in maize by combining QTL mapping and genome-wide association analysis ▶     Ming Ju, Zijian Zhou, Cong Mu et al.     Fusarium verticillioides can be transmitted via seeds and cause systemic infection in maize (Zea mays L.); its mycotoxin has harmful effects on animal and human health. We …             High pesticide risk to honey bees despite low focal crop pollen collection during pollination of a mass blooming crop ▶     Scott H. McArt, Ashley A. Fersch, Nelson J. Milano et al.     Honey bees provide critical pollination services for many agricultural crops. While the contribution of pesticides to current hive loss rates is debated, remarkably little is …             Integration of liver gene co-expression networks and eGWAs analyses highlighted candidate regulators implicated in lipid metabolism in pigs ▶     Maria Ballester, Yuliaxis Ramayo-Caldas, Manuel Revilla et al.     In the present study, liver co-expression networks and expression Genome Wide Association Study (eGWAS) were performed to identify DNA variants and molecular pathways implicated …             Distorted Immunodominance by Linker Sequences or other Epitopes from a Second Protein Antigen During Antigen-Processing ▶     AeRyon Kim, Tatiana N. Boronina, Robert N. Cole et al.     The immune system focuses on and responds to very few representative immunodominant epitopes from pathogenic insults. However, due to the complexity of the antigen processing, …             Clinical-pharmacogenetic models for personalized cancer treatment: application to malignant mesothelioma ▶     Katja Goričar, Viljem Kovač, Vita Dolžan     Large interindividual differences in treatment outcome are observed in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Our aim was to develop and validate clinical-pharmacogenetic …             Accurate and effective multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis detection method using gap-filling ligation coupled with high-resolution capillary electrophoresis-based single strand conformation polymorphism ▶     Woong Choi, Jongseok Lee, Eunjin Cho et al.     Tuberculosis (TB) has severely threatened public health via emerging multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) strains. For …             A comparative analysis of human and mouse islet G-protein coupled receptor expression ▶     Stefan Amisten, Patricio Atanes, Ross Hawkes et al.     G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are essential for islet function, but most studies use rodent islets due to limited human islet availability. We have systematically compared …             Competitions between prosocial exclusions and punishments in finite populations ▶     Linjie Liu, Xiaojie Chen, Attila Szolnoki     Prosocial punishment has been proved to be a powerful mean to promote cooperation. Recent studies have found that social exclusion, which indeed can be regarded as a kind of …             Isothiocyanates induce UGT1A1 in humanized UGT1 mice in a CAR dependent fashion that is highly dependent upon oxidative stress ▶     Emiko Yoda, Miles Paszek, Camille Konopnicki et al.     Isothiocyanates, such as phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), are formed following the consumption of cruciferous vegetables and generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) that lead to …             Impact of low-temperature, overcast and rainy weather during the reproductive growth stage on lodging resistance of rice ▶     Fei Weng, Wujun Zhang, Xiaoran Wu et al.     The objectives of this study were to explore the mechanism by which the lodging resistance of the rice population during the late growth period responds to low-temperature, …             Running exercise strengthens the intervertebral disc ▶     Daniel L. Belavý, Matthew J. Quittner, Nicola Ridgers et al.     There is currently no evidence that the intervertebral discs (IVDs) can respond positively to exercise in humans. Some authors have argued that IVD metabolism in humans is too …             Surgical treatment in Paget’s disease with invasive ductal carcinoma: an observational study based on SEER ▶     Qi Wu, Xiaojun Ding, Juanjuan Li et al.     The aim is to analyse the clinical presentation, treatment and outcomes in patients with Paget’s disease with invasive ductal carcinoma (PD-IDC), with special emphasis on the …             Antioxidant synergistic effects of Osmanthus fragrans flowers with green tea and their major contributed antioxidant compounds ▶     Shuqin Mao, Kaidi Wang, Yukun Lei et al.     The antioxidant synergistic effects of Osmanthus fragrans flowers with green tea were evaluated, and their major antioxidant compounds contributed to the total amount of synergy …             Increased spontaneous MEG signal diversity for psychoactive doses of ketamine, LSD and psilocybin ▶     Michael M. Schartner, Robin L. Carhart-Harris, Adam B. Barrett et al.     What is the level of consciousness of the psychedelic state? Empirically, measures of neural signal diversity such as entropy and Lempel-Ziv (LZ) complexity score higher for …             Enhancing protective immunity to malaria with a highly immunogenic virus-like particle vaccine ▶     Katharine A. Collins, Rebecca Snaith, Matthew G. Cottingham et al.     The leading malaria vaccine in development is the circumsporozoite protein (CSP)-based particle vaccine, RTS,S, which targets the pre-erythrocytic stage of Plasmodium falciparum …             Chemical and Bioactive Profiling, and Biological Activities of Coral Fungi from Northwestern Himalayas ▶     Sapan Kumar Sharma, Nandini Gautam     Ramaria Fr. and Clavaria L. are the two major genera of coral mushrooms within families Gomphaceae and Clavariaceae, respectively. Besides having important role in forest …             In vitro biocompatibility study of sub-5 nm silica-coated magnetic iron oxide fluorescent nanoparticles for potential biomedical application ▶     Sabrina Foglia, Mario Ledda, Daniela Fioretti et al.     Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs), for their intriguing properties, have attracted a great interest as they can be employed in many different biomedical applications. In …             Assessment of metabolic phenotypic variability in children’s urine using 1H NMR spectroscopy ▶     Léa Maitre, Chung-Ho E. Lau, Esther Vizcaino et al.     The application of metabolic phenotyping in clinical and epidemiological studies is limited by a poor understanding of inter-individual, intra-individual and temporal variability …             Abnormal resting-state functional connectivity in the orbitofrontal cortex of heroin users and its relationship with anxiety: a pilot fNIRS study ▶     Hada Fong-ha Ieong, Zhen Yuan     Drug addiction is widely linked to the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), which is essential for regulating reward-related behaviors, emotional responses, and anxiety. Over the past two …             Exome Analysis of Rare and Common Variants within the NOD Signaling Pathway ▶     Gaia Andreoletti, Valentina Shakhnovich, Kathy Christenson et al.     Pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (pIBD) is a chronic heterogeneous disorder. This study looks at the burden of common and rare coding mutations within 41 genes comprising the …             G protein-coupled KISS1 receptor is overexpressed in triple negative breast cancer and promotes drug resistance ▶     Alexandra Blake, Magdalena Dragan, Rommel G. Tirona et al.     Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacks the expression of estrogen receptor α, progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). TNBC patients lack …             Immune Tissue Print and Immune Capture-PCR for Diagnosis and Detection of Candidatus Liberibacter Asiaticus ▶     Fang Ding, Cristina Paul, Ron Brlansky et al.     ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ (CaLas), associated with citrus Huanglongbing (HLB), is a non culturable member of the α-proteobacteria. In this study serologically based …             Light-Patterned Current Generation in a Droplet Bilayer Array ▶     Vanessa Restrepo Schild, Michael J. Booth, Stuart J. Box et al.     We have created a 4 × 4 droplet bilayer array comprising light-activatable aqueous droplet bio-pixels. Aqueous droplets containing bacteriorhodopsin (bR), a light-driven proton …             Excitability in the p53 network mediates robust signaling with tunable activation thresholds in single cells ▶     Gregor Mönke, Elena Cristiano, Ana Finzel et al.     Cellular signaling systems precisely transmit information in the presence of molecular noise while retaining flexibility to accommodate the needs of individual cells. To …             Light- and circadian-controlled genes respond to a broad light spectrum in Puffer Fish-derived Fugu eye cells ▶     Keiko Okano, Shoichi Ozawa, Hayao Sato et al.     Some cell lines retain intrinsic phototransduction pathways to control the expression of light-regulated genes such as the circadian clock gene. Here we investigated the …             The BMP2 nuclear variant, nBMP2, is expressed in mouse hippocampus and impacts memory ▶     Ryan D. Cordner, Lindsey N. Friend, Jaime L. Mayo et al.     The novel nuclear protein nBMP2 is synthesized from the BMP2 gene by translational initiation at an alternative start codon. We generated a targeted mutant mouse, nBmp2NLStm, in …             Live imaging of H3K9 acetylation in plant cells ▶     Kazuki Kurita, Takuya Sakamoto, Noriyoshi Yagi et al.     Proper regulation of histone acetylation is important in development and cellular responses to environmental stimuli. However, the dynamics of histone acetylation at the …             The E. coli molecular phenotype under different growth conditions ▶     Mehmet U. Caglar, John R. Houser, Craig S. Barnhart et al.     Modern systems biology requires extensive, carefully curated measurements of cellular components in response to different environmental conditions. While high-throughput methods …             Quantitative analyses of the global proteome and phosphoproteome reveal the different impacts of propofol and dexmedetomidine on HT22 cells ▶     Honggang Zhang, Juan Ye, Zhaomei Shi et al.     Propofol and dexmedetomidine are both commonly used anaesthetics. Although they employ two different mechanisms to induce anaesthesia, both compounds influence the hippocampus …             Mitochondrial C11orf83 is a potent Antiviral Protein Independent of interferon production ▶     Yun Yang, Shaoquan Xiong, Bei Cai et al.     Mitochondria have a central position in innate immune response via the adaptor protein MAVS in mitochondrial outer membrane to limit viral replication by inducing interferon …             Greater cerebellar gray matter volume in car drivers: an exploratory voxel-based morphometry study ▶     Hiroyuki Sakai, Takafumi Ando, Norihiro Sadato et al.     Previous functional neuroimaging studies have identified multiple brain areas associated with distinct aspects of car driving in simulated traffic environments. Few studies, …             Revealing inhibition difference between PFI-2 enantiomers against SETD7 by molecular dynamics simulations, binding free energy calculations and unbinding pathway analysis ▶     Yuzhen Niu, Danfeng Shi, Lanlan Li et al.     SETD7 is associated with multiple diseases related signaling pathways. (R)-PFI-2 is the first SETD7 inhibitor with nanomolar inhibitory potency. The activity of (R)-PFI-2 is …             Host Determinants of Expression of the Helicobacter pylori BabA Adhesin ▶     Mary E. Kable, Lori M. Hansen, Cathy M. Styer et al.     Expression of the Helicobacter pylori blood group antigen binding adhesin A (BabA) is more common in strains isolated from patients with peptic ulcer disease or gastric cancer, …             A New Approach to Evaluating Aberrant DNA Methylation Profiles in Hepatocellular Carcinoma as Potential Biomarkers ▶     Yuan Yang, Linghao Zhao, Bo Huang et al.     Hypermethylation of CpG islands in the promoter region of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) and their subsequent silencing is thought to be one of the main mechanisms of …             Investigating the molecular mechanism of positive and negative allosteric modulators in the calcium-sensing receptor dimer ▶     Stine Engesgaard Jacobsen, Ulrik Gether, Hans Bräuner-Osborne     Allosteric modulators that are targeting the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) hold great therapeutic potential, and elucidating the molecular basis for modulation would thus …             TmCactin plays an important role in Gram-negative and -positive bacterial infection by regulating expression of 7 AMP genes in Tenebrio molitor ▶     Yong Hun Jo, Yu Jung Kim, Ki Beom Park et al.     Cactin was originally identified as an interactor of the Drosophila IκB factor Cactus and shown to play a role in controlling embryonic polarity and regulating the NF-κB …             Accurate and reproducible invasive breast cancer detection in whole-slide images: A Deep Learning approach for quantifying tumor extent ▶     Angel Cruz-Roa, Hannah Gilmore, Ajay Basavanhally et al.     With the increasing ability to routinely and rapidly digitize whole slide images with slide scanners, there has been interest in developing computerized image analysis algorithms …             Normally lethal amino acid substitutions suppress an ultramutator DNA Polymerase δ variant ▶     Daniel G. Dennis, Jill McKay-Fleisch, Kaila Eitzen et al.     In yeast, the pol3-01,L612M double mutant allele, which causes defects in DNA polymerase delta (Pol δ) proofreading (pol3-01) and nucleotide selectivity (pol3-L612M), confers an …             Neurodevelopmental Changes in Excitatory Synaptic Structure and Function in the Cerebral Cortex of Sanfilippo Syndrome IIIA Mice ▶     Chrissa A. Dwyer, Samantha L. Scudder, Ying Lin et al.     Sanfilippo syndrome, MPS IIIA-D, results from deficits in lysosomal enzymes that specifically degrade heparan sulfate, a sulfated glycosaminoglycan. The accumulation of heparan …             Widespread patterns of sexually dimorphic gene expression in an avian hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis ▶     Matthew D. MacManes, Suzanne H. Austin, Andrew S. Lang et al.     The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis is a key biological system required for reproduction and associated sexual behaviors to occur. In the avian reproductive model of …             The Cac2 subunit is essential for productive histone binding and nucleosome assembly in CAF-1 ▶     Francesca Mattiroli, Yajie Gu, Jeremy L. Balsbaugh et al.     Nucleosome assembly following DNA replication controls epigenome maintenance and genome integrity. Chromatin assembly factor 1 (CAF-1) is the histone chaperone responsible for …             An approach to and web-based tool for infectious disease outbreak intervention analysis ▶     Ashlynn R. Daughton, Nicholas Generous, Reid Priedhorsky et al.     Infectious diseases are a leading cause of death globally. Decisions surrounding how to control an infectious disease outbreak currently rely on a subjective process involving …             Genome sequence of Plasmopara viticola and insight into the pathogenic mechanism ▶     Ling Yin, Yunhe An, Junjie Qu et al.     Plasmopara viticola causes downy mildew disease of grapevine which is one of the most devastating diseases of viticulture worldwide. Here we report a 101.3 Mb whole genome …             Chronic social defeat reduces myelination in the mouse medial prefrontal cortex ▶     Michael L. Lehmann, Thaddeus K. Weigel, Abdel G. Elkahloun et al.     The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) plays a key role in top-down control of the brain’s stress axis, and its structure and function are particularly vulnerable to stress effects, …             Rational development of a protective P. vivax vaccine evaluated with transgenic rodent parasite challenge models ▶     Ahmed M. Salman, Eduardo Montoya-Díaz, Heather West et al.     Development of a protective and broadly-acting vaccine against the most widely distributed human malaria parasite, Plasmodium vivax, will be a major step towards malaria …             A genome-wide SNP-based genetic map and QTL mapping for agronomic traits in Chinese cabbage ▶     Li Huang, Yafei Yang, Fang Zhang et al.     The aim of this work was to construct a high-resolution genetic map for the dissection of complex morphological and agronomic traits in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. syn. B. …             Distinct subtypes of Alzheimer’s disease based on patterns of brain atrophy: longitudinal trajectories and clinical applications ▶     Daniel Ferreira, Chloë Verhagen, Juan Andrés Hernández-Cabrera et al.     Atrophy patterns on MRI can reliably predict three neuropathological subtypes of Alzheimer’s disease (AD): typical, limbic-predominant, or hippocampal-sparing. A method to enable …             Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus-mediated rescue of function in a mouse model of Dopamine Transporter Deficiency Syndrome ▶     P. Illiano, C.E. Bass, L. Fichera et al.     Dopamine Transporter Deficiency Syndrome (DTDS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by loss-of-function mutations in dopamine transporter (DAT) gene, leading to severe …             Inorganic carbon physiology underpins macroalgal responses to elevated CO2 ▶     Christopher E. Cornwall, Andrew T. Revill, Jason M. Hall-Spencer et al.     Beneficial effects of CO2 on photosynthetic organisms will be a key driver of ecosystem change under ocean acidification. Predicting the responses of macroalgal species to ocean …             The ecdysis triggering hormone system is essential for successful moulting of a major hemimetabolous pest insect, Schistocerca gregaria ▶     Cynthia Lenaerts, Dorien Cools, Rik Verdonck et al.     Insects are enclosed in a rigid exoskeleton, providing protection from desiccation and mechanical injury. To allow growth, this armour needs to be replaced regularly in a process …             Predicting Protein–protein Association Rates using Coarse-grained Simulation and Machine Learning ▶     Zhong-Ru Xie, Jiawen Chen, Yinghao Wu     Protein–protein interactions dominate all major biological processes in living cells. We have developed a new Monte Carlo-based simulation algorithm to study the kinetic process …             The Height-Width-Depth Ratios of the Intervertebral Discs and Vertebral Bodies in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis vs Controls in a Chinese Population ▶     Hao Chen, Tom P. C. Schlösser, Rob C. Brink et al.     Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients have been reported to be taller and more slender than normal controls, suggesting less mechanical stiffness of their trunk and …             Loop diuretics affect skeletal myoblast differentiation and exercise-induced muscle hypertrophy ▶     Shintaro Mandai, Susumu Furukawa, Manami Kodaka et al.     Muscle wasting or sarcopenia contributes to morbidity and mortality in patients with cancer, renal failure, or heart failure, and in elderly individuals. Na+-K+-2Cl− …             High-Throughput Sequencing and Co-Expression Network Analysis of lncRNAs and mRNAs in Early Brain Injury Following Experimental Subarachnoid Haemorrhage ▶     Jianhua Peng, Yue Wu, Xiaocui Tian et al.     Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is a fatal neurovascular disease following cerebral aneurysm rupture with high morbidity and mortality rates. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a …             Massive introgression drives species radiation at the range limit of Anopheles gambiae ▶     José L. Vicente, Christopher S. Clarkson, Beniamino Caputo et al.     Impacts of introgressive hybridisation may range from genomic erosion and species collapse to rapid adaptation and speciation but opportunities to study these dynamics are rare. …             Saturated fatty acids induce development of both metabolic syndrome and osteoarthritis in rats ▶     Sunderajhan Sekar, Siti Raihanah Shafie, Indira Prasadam et al.     The predominant saturated fatty acids (SFA) in human diets are lauric acid (LA, C12:0), myristic acid (MA, C14:0), palmitic acid (PA, C16:0) and stearic acid (SA, C18:0). The aim …             Multicolour nanoscopy of fixed and living cells with a single STED beam and hyperspectral detection ▶     Franziska R. Winter, Maria Loidolt, Volker Westphal et al.     The extension of fluorescence nanoscopy to larger numbers of molecular species concurrently visualized by distinct markers is of great importance for advanced biological …               • Careers & Jobs           naturejobs.com Science jobs of the week       Research Associate     University of South Australia (UniSA)            Research Fellow in Cell and Protein Biology     University of Leeds            Research Fellow     Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI)            Post-Doc Research Scientist     Columbia University Medical Center            Post-Doctoral Fellowship     National Institutes of Health (NIH)            Research Coordinator     King's College London            Postdoc Position in Optics     Friedrich Schiller University Jena - Institute of Applied Physics            Principle investigator / Researcher (tenure track)     VU University Medical Center (VUmc)            Senior Scientist Product Surveillance     Philip Morris International (PMI)            Professor / Associate Professor / Assistant Professor in Medical Laboratory Science (three posts)     The Hong Kong Polytechnic University          No matter what your career stage, student, postdoc or senior scientist, you will find articles on naturejobs.com to help guide you in your science career. 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