Nature Reviews Neuroscience contents May 2017 Volume 18 Number 5 pp 261 - 319

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
May 2017 Volume 18 Number 5		Advertisement
2015 2-year Impact Factor 29.298 Journal Metrics 2-year Median 22	In this issue Comment Research Highlights Reviews Perspectives Also this month  Featured article: Genetic and activity-dependent mechanisms underlying interneuron diversity Brie Wamsley & Gord Fishell	Nature Insight: Neurodegenerative Diseases  This Insight explores brain ageing and possible rejuvenation and updates our understanding of Alzheimer’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinson’s disease. It also discusses how knowledge from prion disease may apply to more common neurodegenerative disorders and provides a structural perspective on the properties of amyloids. Access the Insight free online Produced with support from:  Eli Lilly and Company
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2017 Innovators in Science Award Just one week left: Nomination deadline April 26th. Sponsored by Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited and administered by the Academy, this Award recognizes an Early Career Scientist and a Senior Scientist in Neuroscience for the creative thinking and impact of their research. Two prizes of US$200,000 will be awarded. TakedaInnovators.com
Comment: Towards a stronger science of human plasticity Ulman Lindenberger, Elisabeth Wenger & Martin Lövdén p261 | doi:10.1038/nrn.2017.44 Lindenberger and colleagues suggest that research into the possible effects of 'brain training' should build on an understanding of the mechanisms of human brain plasticity. Full Text | PDF
RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS Top Cerebellum: The little learning brain p263 | doi:10.1038/nrn.2017.47 Two recent studies report changes in the activity of cerebellar granule cells during two different types of learning, providing insights into the function of these cells. PDF Techniques: A two-step method to make microglia p264 | doi:10.1038/nrn.2017.40 A new study describes a method for differentiating human and murine induced pluripotent stem cells into microglia-like cells. PDF Circadian rhythms: Astrocytes keep time p264 | doi:10.1038/nrn.2017.43 Astrocytic–neuronal signalling in the dorsal suprachiasmatic nucleus is essential for the maintenance of circadian timekeeping. PDF Neurotransmission: Widening exocytosis p265 | doi:10.1038/nrn.2017.49 α-Synuclein promotes the dilation of the fusion pore of exocytotic vesicles in neurons. PDF Synaptic transmission: Changing the (potassium) channel? p266 | doi:10.1038/nrn.2017.41 The endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol increases the tonic and evoked firing rate of mouse dopamine midbrain neurons by inhibiting A-type potassium currents through a direct lipid interaction with Kv4.3 channels. PDF IN BRIEF Axon degeneration: A receptor for injury | Neural circuits: Itch transmission | Dendrites: Probing plasticity PDF Nature Reviews Neuroscience JOBS of the week Applications invited for Armenise Career development award - Tenure Track path in Systems Neuroscience- Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Postdoctoral Positions in Visual Neuroscience Yale University Tenure Track Faculty Position in Neuroscience University of Calgary - Cumming School of Medicine Call for group leader positions at the Paris-Saclay Institute of Neuroscience CNRS - Paris Sud University Tenure-track Assistant / Associate Professor in Systems Neuroscience / Neuroimaging Radboud University Nijmegen More Science jobs from Nature Reviews Neuroscience EVENT 1st HBP Curriculum workshop series - New horizons in clinical neuroscience: Brain medicine for non-specialists 05.07.17 Innsbruck, Austria More science events from
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REVIEWS		Top
Motor compensation and its effects on neural reorganization after stroke Theresa A. Jones p267 | doi:10.1038/nrn.2017.26 Stroke survivors often adapt to the loss of upper-limb function by adopting compensatory strategies. Jones discusses evidence that these compensatory strategies may influence the neural remodelling processes that occur after the initial stroke and can have mixed effects on functional outcome of the paretic limb. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
Not just amyloid: physiological functions of the amyloid precursor protein family Ulrike C. Müller, Thomas Deller & Martin Korte p281 | doi:10.1038/nrn.2017.29 Amyloid precursor protein (APP) has been heavily implicated in Alzheimer disease, but the physiological roles of APP and the related APP-like proteins (APLPs) remain less well understood. This Review examines the functions of the APP family and its fragments in CNS development, synaptic function, brain injury and ageing. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Supplementary information
Genetic and activity-dependent mechanisms underlying interneuron diversity Brie Wamsley & Gord Fishell p299 | doi:10.1038/nrn.2017.30 Our growing understanding of cortical interneuron diversity has been matched by increasing interest in the underlying developmental mechanisms. Wamsley and Fishell describe current models of interneuron specification, highlighting the contribution of activity-dependent mechanisms to this process. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
PERSPECTIVES		Top
OPINION Algorithms for survival: a comparative perspective on emotions Dominik R. Bach & Peter Dayan p311 | doi:10.1038/nrn.2017.35 There is little agreement on the definition of emotions or the neural mechanisms by which they are realized. Bach and Dayan here use decision theory to shed light on the nature and implementation of the algorithms that underlie emotion-related behaviours. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
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