Scientific Reports Biology Table of Contents e-alert: 21 March 2017

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21 March 2017      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports               Biological Sciences               Scavenger receptor collectin placenta 1 is a novel receptor involved in the uptake of myelin by phagocytes ▶     Jeroen F. J. Bogie, Jo Mailleux, Elien Wouters et al.     Myelin-containing macrophages and microglia are the most abundant immune cells in active multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions. Our recent transcriptomic analysis demonstrated that …             Extreme adaptations for probable visual courtship behaviour in a Cretaceous dancing damselfly ▶     Daran Zheng, André Nel, Edmund A. Jarzembowski et al.     Courtship behaviours, frequent among modern insects, have left extremely rare fossil traces. None are known previously for fossil odonatans. Fossil traces of such behaviours are …             Analysis of spatial heterogeneity in normal epithelium and preneoplastic alterations in mouse prostate tumor models ▶     Mira Valkonen, Pekka Ruusuvuori, Kimmo Kartasalo et al.     Cancer involves histological changes in tissue, which is of primary importance in pathological diagnosis and research. Automated histological analysis requires ability to …             Chimeric viruses between Rocio and West Nile: the role for Rocio prM-E proteins in virulence and inhibition of interferon-α/β signaling ▶     Alberto A. Amarilla, Yin X. Setoh, Parthiban Periasamy et al.     Mosquito-transmitted flavivirus Rocio (ROCV) was responsible for an outbreak of encephalitis in the Ribeira Valley, located in the south coast of Sao Paulo State, Brazil, in …             Engineering a lipase B from Candida antactica with efficient perhydrolysis performance by eliminating its hydrolase activity ▶     Xu-Ping Wang, Peng-Fei Zhou, Zhi-Gang Li et al.     A Ser105Ala mutant of the lipase B from Candida antarctica enables ‘perhydrolase-only’ reactions. At the example of the chemoenzymatic Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of cyclohexanone, …             Vertebrate Cryptochromes are Vestigial Flavoproteins ▶     Roger J. Kutta, Nataliya Archipowa, Linus O. Johannissen et al.     All cryptochromes are currently classified as flavoproteins. In animals their best-described role is as components of the circadian clock. This circadian function is variable, …             Novel hypophysiotropic AgRP2 neurons and pineal cells revealed by BAC transgenesis in zebrafish ▶     Inbal Shainer, Adi Buchshtab, Thomas A. Hawkins et al.     The neuropeptide agouti-related protein (AgRP) is expressed in the arcuate nucleus of the mammalian hypothalamus and plays a key role in regulating food consumption and energy …             Gene delivery to Nile tilapia cells for transgenesis and the role of PI3K-c2α in angiogenesis ▶     Fernanda Maria Policarpo Tonelli, Samyra Maria dos Santos Nassif Lacerda, Marcela Santos Procópio et al.     Microinjection is commonly performed to achieve fish transgenesis; however, due to difficulties associated with this technique, new strategies are being developed. Here we …             Complete genome sequencing and antibiotics biosynthesis pathways analysis of Streptomyces lydicus 103 ▶     Nan Jia, Ming-Zhu Ding, Hao Luo et al.     More and more new natural products have been found in Streptomyces species, which become the significant resource for antibiotics production. Among them, Streptomyces lydicus has …             Subtle effects of environmental stress observed in the early life stages of the Common frog, Rana temporaria ▶     Rebecca Strong, Francis L. Martin, Kevin C. Jones et al.     Worldwide amphibian populations are declining due to habitat loss, disease and pollution. Vulnerability to environmental contaminants such as pesticides will be dependent on the …             Systems Pharmacology-based strategy to screen new adjuvant for hepatitis B vaccine from Traditional Chinese Medicine Ophiocordyceps sinensis ▶     Jingbo Wang, Rui Liu, Baoxiu Liu et al.     Adjuvants are common component for many vaccines but there are still few licensed for human use due to low efficiency or side effects. The present work adopted Systems …             A Novel Biocontainment Strategy Makes Bacterial Growth and Survival Dependent on Phosphite ▶     Ryuichi Hirota, Kenji Abe, Zen-ichiro Katsuura et al.     There is a growing demand to develop biocontainment strategies that prevent unintended proliferation of genetically modified organisms in the open environment. We found that the …             Biological Activity of Masked Endotoxin ▶     Harald Schwarz, Jan Gornicec, Theresa Neuper et al.     Low endotoxin recovery (LER) is a recently discovered phenomenon describing the inability of limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL)-based assays to detect lipopolysaccharide (LPS) …             Predicting siRNA efficacy based on multiple selective siRNA representations and their combination at score level ▶     Fei He, Ye Han, Jianting Gong et al.     Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) may induce to targeted gene knockdown, and the gene silencing effectiveness relies on the efficacy of the siRNA. Therefore, the task of this paper …             Near-Infrared Photoluminescent Carbon Nanotubes for Imaging of Brown Fat ▶     Masako Yudasaka, Yohei Yomogida, Minfang Zhang et al.     Near-infrared photoluminescent single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are expected to provide effectual bio-imaging tools, although, as yet, only limited applications have been …             A Novel Method for Screening Adenosine Receptor Specific Agonists for Use in Adenosine Drug Development ▶     Karlie R. Jones, Uimook Choi, Ji-Liang Gao et al.     Agonists that target the A1, A2A, A2B and A3 adenosine receptors have potential to be potent treatment options for a number of diseases, including autoimmune diseases, …             MdHIR proteins repress anthocyanin accumulation by interacting with the MdJAZ2 protein to inhibit its degradation in apples ▶     Ke-Qin Chen, Xian-Yan Zhao, Xiu-Hong An et al.     In higher plants, jasmonate ZIM-domain (JAZ) proteins negatively regulate the biosynthesis of anthocyanins by interacting with bHLH transcription factors. However, it is largely …             Identification of cancer-associated missense mutations in hace1 that impair cell growth control and Rac1 ubiquitylation ▶     Emilie Andrio, Romain Lotte, Daniel Hamaoui et al.     The E3 ubiquitin ligase HACE1 is a potent tumor suppressor that controls cell proliferation and ubiquitylates the small GTPase Rac1 to target it to proteasomal degradation. …             Upregulation of skeletal muscle PGC-1α through the elevation of cyclic AMP levels by Cyanidin-3-glucoside enhances exercise performance ▶     Toshiya Matsukawa, Hideko Motojima, Yuki Sato et al.     Regular exercise and physical training enhance physiological capacity and improve metabolic diseases. Skeletal muscles require peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma …             Use of RNA-seq data to identify and validate RT-qPCR reference genes for studying the tomato-Pseudomonas pathosystem ▶     Marina A. Pombo, Yi Zheng, Zhangjun Fei et al.     The agronomical relevant tomato-Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato pathosystem is widely used to explore and understand the underlying mechanisms of the plant immune response. …             Targeted deletion of Crif1 in mouse epidermis impairs skin homeostasis and hair morphogenesis ▶     Jung-Min Shin, Dae-Kyoung Choi, Kyung-Cheol Sohn et al.     The epidermis, which consists mainly of keratinocytes, acts as a physical barrier to infections by regulating keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation. Hair follicles …             Large-scale prediction of microRNA-disease associations by combinatorial prioritization algorithm ▶     Hua Yu, Xiaojun Chen, Lu Lu     Identification of the associations between microRNA molecules and human diseases from large-scale heterogeneous biological data is an important step for understanding the …             Regulation of NF-κB by PML and PML-RARα ▶     Abrar Ahmed, Xiaochun Wan, Izaskun Mitxitorena et al.     Promyelocytic Leukemia (PML) is a nuclear protein that forms sub-nuclear structures termed nuclear bodies associated with transcriptionally active genomic regions. PML is a …             DEK is required for homologous recombination repair of DNA breaks ▶     Eric A. Smith, Boris Gole, Nicholas A. Willis et al.     DEK is a highly conserved chromatin-bound protein whose upregulation across cancer types correlates with genotoxic therapy resistance. Loss of DEK induces genome instability and …             Minocycline treatment suppresses juvenile development and growth by attenuating insulin/TOR signaling in Drosophila animal model ▶     Hyun Myoung Yun, Sujin Noh, Seogang Hyun     Minocycline is a broad spectrum, semi-synthetic tetracycline analog that is used to treat bacterial infection. Recently, this drug has been receiving increasing attention for its …             BDE-99 impairs differentiation of human and mouse NPCs into the oligodendroglial lineage by species-specific modes of action ▶     Katharina Dach, Farina Bendt, Ulrike Huebenthal et al.     Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are bioaccumulating flame retardants causing developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) in humans and rodents. Their DNT effects are suspected to …             Maternally expressed NLRP2 links the subcortical maternal complex (SCMC) to fertility, embryogenesis and epigenetic reprogramming ▶     Sangeetha Mahadevan, Varsha Sathappan, Budi Utama et al.     Mammalian parental genomes contribute differently to early embryonic development. Before activation of the zygotic genome, the maternal genome provides all transcripts and …             Inferring biomarkers for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection and disease progression in cattle using experimental data ▶     Gesham Magombedze, Tinevimbo Shiri, Shigetoshi Eda et al.     Available diagnostic assays for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) have poor sensitivities and cannot detect early stages of infection, therefore, there is need to …             The Active Side of Stereopsis: Fixation Strategy and Adaptation to Natural Environments ▶     Agostino Gibaldi, Andrea Canessa, Silvio P. Sabatini     Depth perception in near viewing strongly relies on the interpretation of binocular retinal disparity to obtain stereopsis. Statistical regularities of retinal disparities have …             SWIM: a computational tool to unveiling crucial nodes in complex biological networks ▶     Paola Paci, Teresa Colombo, Giulia Fiscon et al.     SWItchMiner (SWIM) is a wizard-like software implementation of a procedure, previously described, able to extract information contained in complex networks. Specifically, SWIM …             Identification and comparative profiling of miRNAs in herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) with red/yellow bicoloured flowers ▶     Daqiu Zhao, Mengran Wei, Min Shi et al.     Herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) is popular worldwide because of its gorgeous flower colour, and the yellow flower is the rarest. However, its mechanism of yellow …             Membrane remodeling by the M2 amphipathic helix drives influenza virus membrane scission ▶     Agnieszka Martyna, Basma Bahsoun, Matthew D. Badham et al.     Membrane scission is a crucial step in all budding processes, from endocytosis to viral budding. Many proteins have been associated with scission, though the underlying molecular …             Self-renewal and phenotypic conversion are the main physiological responses of macrophages to the endogenous estrogen surge ▶     Giovanna Pepe, Daniele Braga, Tiziana A. Renzi et al.     Beyond the physiology of reproduction, estrogen controls the homeostasis of several tissues. Although macrophages play a key role in tissue remodeling, the interplay with …             Bacterial secretion system skews the fate of Legionella-containing vacuoles towards LC3-associated phagocytosis ▶     Andree Hubber, Tomoko Kubori, Cevayir Coban et al.     The evolutionarily conserved processes of endosome-lysosome maturation and macroautophagy are established mechanisms that limit survival of intracellular bacteria. Similarly, …             Priming of transcriptional memory responses via the chromatin accessibility landscape in T cells ▶     Wen Juan Tu, Kristine Hardy, Christopher R. Sutton et al.     Memory T cells exhibit transcriptional memory and “remember” their previous pathogenic encounter to increase transcription on re-infection. However, how this transcriptional …             MicroRNA roles in signalling during lactation: an insight from differential expression, time course and pathway analyses of deep sequence data ▶     Duy N. Do, Ran Li, Pier-Luc Dudemaine et al.     The study examined microRNA (miRNA) expression and regulatory patterns during an entire bovine lactation cycle. Total RNA from milk fat samples collected at the lactogenesis …             Transcription factor NF-kappa B represses ANT1 transcription and leads to mitochondrial dysfunctions ▶     Chen Zhang, Hui Jiang, Pin Wang et al.     Mitochondria are intracellular organelles involved in cell survival and death, and dysfunctions of mitochondria are related to neurodegenerative diseases. As the most abundant …             Identification of mangiferin as a potential Glucokinase activator by structure-based virtual ligand screening ▶     Qiuxia Min, Xinpei Cai, Weiguang Sun et al.     The natural product mangiferin (compound 7) has been identified as a potential glucokinase activator by structure-based virtual ligand screening. It was proved by enzyme …             Polyphonic sonification of electrocardiography signals for diagnosis of cardiac pathologies ▶     Jakob Nikolas Kather, Thomas Hermann, Yannick Bukschat et al.     Electrocardiography (ECG) data are multidimensional temporal data with ubiquitous applications in the clinic. Conventionally, these data are presented visually. It is presently …             Functional conservation and coherence of HIV-1 subtype A Vpu alleles ▶     Bizhan Romani, Amirarsalan Kavyanifard, Elham Allahbakhshi     Functional studies of HIV-1 proteins are normally conducted using lab adapted strains of HIV-1. The extent of those functions in clinical strains is sometimes unknown. In this …             A smartphone-based diagnostic platform for rapid detection of Zika, chikungunya, and dengue viruses ▶     Aashish Priye, Sara W. Bird, Yooli K. Light et al.     Current multiplexed diagnostics for Zika, dengue, and chikungunya viruses are situated outside the intersection of affordability, high performance, and suitability for use at the …             Sets of serum exosomal microRNAs as candidate diagnostic biomarkers for Kawasaki disease ▶     Hong-Ling Jia, Chao-Wu Liu, Li Zhang et al.     Although Kawasaki disease is the main cause of acquired heart disease in children, no diagnostic biomarkers are available. We aimed to identify candidate biomarkers for …             Inhibitory responses mediated by vagal nerve stimulation are diminished in stomachs of mice with reduced intramuscular interstitial cells of Cajal ▶     Elizabeth A. H. Beckett, Kenton M. Sanders, Sean M. Ward     Intramuscular interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC-IM) are closely associated with enteric motor nerve terminals and electrically coupled to smooth muscle cells within the gastric …             Achromatic light patterning and improved image reconstruction for parallelized RESOLFT nanoscopy ▶     Andriy Chmyrov, Marcel Leutenegger, Tim Grotjohann et al.     Fluorescence microscopy is rapidly turning into nanoscopy. Among the various nanoscopy methods, the STED/RESOLFT super-resolution family has recently been expanded to image even …             Hydatid detection using the near-infrared transmission angular spectra of porous silicon microcavity biosensors ▶     Peng Li, Zhenhong Jia, Guodong Lü     Hydatid, which is a parasitic disease, occurs today in many regions worldwide. Because it can present a serious threat to people’s health, finding a fast, convenient, and …             Genetic association between the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor gene p27/Kip1 polymorphism (rs34330) and cancer susceptibility: a meta-analysis ▶     Xiao-Ke Cheng, Xue-Jun Wang, Xiao-Dong Li et al.     The p27 rs34330 (-79C/T) polymorphism has been widely studied for human cancer susceptibility. The current findings, however, still remained controversial. Therefore, we …             KUS121, a VCP modulator, attenuates ischemic retinal cell death via suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress ▶     Masayuki Hata, Hanako O. Ikeda, Chinami Kikkawa et al.     Ischemic neural damages cause several devastating diseases, including brain stroke and ischemic retinopathies, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been proposed to be the …             Hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction is a feature of Glycogen Storage Disease Type Ia (GSDIa) ▶     Benjamin L. Farah, Rohit A. Sinha, Yajun Wu et al.     Glycogen storage disease type Ia (GSDIa, von Gierke disease) is the most common glycogen storage disorder. It is caused by the deficiency of glucose-6-phosphatase, an enzyme …             Cyclooxygenase‐2 facilitates dengue virus replication and serves as a potential target for developing antiviral agents ▶     Chun-Kuang Lin, Chin-Kai Tseng, Yu-Hsuan Wu et al.     Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is one of the important mediators of inflammation in response to viral infection, and it contributes to viral replication, for example, cytomegalovirus …             HSP70-1 is required for interleukin-5-induced angiogenic responses through eNOS pathway ▶     Sung Lyea Park, Tae-Wook Chung, Sangtae Kim et al.     We report a pivotal role for IL-5 as an angiogenic activator. IL-5 increased proliferation, migration and colony tube formation in HUVECs associated with the phosphorylation of …             Microscale Symmetrical Electroporator Array as a Versatile Molecular Delivery System ▶     Mengxing Ouyang, Winfield Hill, Jung Hyun Lee et al.     Successful developments of new therapeutic strategies often rely on the ability to deliver exogenous molecules into cytosol. We have developed a versatile on-chip vortex-assisted …             Kidney-specific transposon-mediated gene transfer in vivo ▶     Lauren E. Woodard, Jizhong Cheng, Richard C. Welch et al.     Methods enabling kidney-specific gene transfer in adult mice are needed to develop new therapies for kidney disease. We attempted kidney-specific gene transfer following …             Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli pathogenesis: role of Long polar fimbriae in Peyer’s patches interactions ▶     Charlotte Cordonnier, Lucie Etienne-Mesmin, Jonathan Thévenot et al.     Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) are major food-borne pathogens whose survival and virulence in the human digestive tract remain unclear owing to paucity of relevant …             Structural and functional studies of a noncanonical Dicer from Entamoeba histolytica ▶     Xiang Yu, Xuhang Li, Lina Zheng et al.     RNaseIII proteins are dsRNA-specific endonucleases involved in many important biological processes, such as small RNA processing and maturation in eukaryotes. Various small RNAs …             Physiological and transcriptional approaches reveal connection between nitrogen and manganese cycles in Shewanella algae C6G3 ▶     Axel Aigle, Patricia Bonin, Chantal Iobbi-Nivol et al.     To explain anaerobic nitrite/nitrate production at the expense of ammonium mediated by manganese oxide (Mn(IV)) in sediment, nitrate and manganese respirations were investigated …             Recruitment of bone marrow CD11b+Gr-1+ cells by polymeric nanoparticles for antigen cross-presentation ▶     Ya-Wun Yang, Wen-Hui Luo     The objective of this study was to investigate the function of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) on the activation of antigen-specific CD8+ T cell …             Redox-sensing regulator Rex regulates aerobic metabolism, morphological differentiation, and avermectin production in Streptomyces avermitilis ▶     Xingchao Liu, Yaqing Cheng, Mengya Lyu et al.     The regulatory role of redox-sensing regulator Rex was investigated in Streptomyces avermitilis. Eleven genes/operons were demonstrated to be directly regulated by Rex; these …             Microbial community composition of deep-sea corals from the Red Sea provides insight into functional adaption to a unique environment ▶     Till Röthig, Lauren K. Yum, Stephan G. Kremb et al.     Microbes associated with deep-sea corals remain poorly studied. The lack of symbiotic algae suggests that associated microbes may play a fundamental role in maintaining a viable …             Astragalus polysaccharides exerts immunomodulatory effects via TLR4-mediated MyD88-dependent signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo ▶     Lijing Zhou, Zijing Liu, Zhixue Wang et al.     Astragalus polysaccharides (APS), which is widely used as a remedy to promote immunity of breast cancer patients, can enhance immune responses and exert anti-tumor effects. In …             Discrete call types referring to predation risk enhance the efficiency of the meerkat sentinel system ▶     R. Rauber, M. B. Manser     Sentinel behaviour, a form of coordinated vigilance, occurs in a limited range of species, mostly in cooperative breeders. In some species sentinels confirm their presence …             The immune correlates of protection for an avian influenza H5N1 vaccine in the ferret model using oil-in-water adjuvants ▶     Sook-San Wong, Susu Duan, Jennifer DeBeauchamp et al.     Because of the pathogenicity and low incidence of avian influenza virus infections in humans, the immune correlates of protection for avian influenza vaccines cannot be …             Lentiviral vectors can be used for full-length dystrophin gene therapy ▶     John R. Counsell, Zeinab Asgarian, Jinhong Meng et al.     Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is caused by a lack of dystrophin expression in patient muscle fibres. Current DMD gene therapy strategies rely on the expression of internally …             The processing of body expressions during emotional scenes: the modulation role of attachment styles ▶     Yuanxiao Ma, Xu Chen, Guangming Ran et al.     There is broad evidence indicating that contextual information influence the processing of emotional stimuli. However, attachment theory suggests that attachment styles …             Collection and characterization of grapevine genetic resources (Vitis vinifera) in the Holy Land, towards the renewal of ancient winemaking practices ▶     Elyashiv Drori, Oshrit Rahimi, Annarita Marrano et al.     The importance and extent of wine consumption in all life aspects at the Holy Land is well documented. The Muslim influence in this region led to the abandonment of winemaking …             Differential Proteomic Analysis by iTRAQ Reveals the Mechanism of Pyropia haitanensis Responding to High Temperature Stress ▶     Jianzhi Shi, Yuting Chen, Yan Xu et al.     Global warming increases sea temperature and leads to high temperature stress, which affects the yield and quality of Pyropia haitanensis. To understand the molecular mechanisms …             Suppression of Sin3A activity promotes differentiation of pluripotent cells into functional neurons ▶     Debasish Halder, Chang-Hee Lee, Ji Young Hyun et al.     Sin3 is a transcriptional corepressor for REST silencing machinery that represses multiple neuronal genes in non-neuronal cells. However, functions of Sin3 (Sin3A and Sin3B) in …             Alteration of osteoblast arrangement via direct attack by cancer cells: New insights into bone metastasis ▶     Yumi Kimura, Aira Matsugaki, Aiko Sekita et al.     Intact bone tissue exhibits a characteristic anisotropic microstructure derived from collagen fiber alignment and the related c-axis orientation of apatite crystals, which govern …             Multiscale microenvironmental perturbation of pluripotent stem cell fate and self-organization ▶     Yoji Tabata, Matthias P. Lutolf     The combination of microfluidics with engineered three-dimensional (3D) matrices can bring new insights into the fate regulation of stem cells and their self-organization into …             Consumer species richness and nutrients interact in determining producer diversity ▶     Sophie Groendahl, Patrick Fink     While it is crucial to understand the factors that determine the biodiversity of primary producer communities, the relative importance of bottom-up and top-down control factors …             The Golgi protein ACBD3 facilitates Enterovirus 71 replication by interacting with 3A ▶     Xiaobo Lei, Xia Xiao, Zhenzhen Zhang et al.     Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a human pathogen that causes hand, foot, mouth disease and neurological complications. Although EV71, as well as other enteroviruses, initiates a …             Copper transporters are responsible for copper isotopic fractionation in eukaryotic cells ▶     Jean-Loup Cadiou, Sylvain Pichat, Victor P. Bondanese et al.     Copper isotopic composition is altered in cancerous compared to healthy tissues. However, the rationale for this difference is yet unknown. As a model of Cu isotopic …             Structural Analysis of Human Cofilin 2/Filamentous Actin Assemblies: Atomic-Resolution Insights from Magic Angle Spinning NMR Spectroscopy ▶     Jenna Yehl, Elena Kudryashova, Emil Reisler et al.     Cellular actin dynamics is an essential element of numerous cellular processes, such as cell motility, cell division and endocytosis. Actin’s involvement in these processes is …             E6/E7-P53-POU2F1-CTHRC1 axis promotes cervical cancer metastasis and activates Wnt/PCP pathway ▶     Rong Zhang, Huan Lu, Yuan-yuan Lyu et al.     Cervical cancer is an infectious cancer and the most common gynecologic cancer worldwide. E6/E7, the early genes of the high-risk mucosal human papillomavirus type, play key …             Inhibitory role of acyl homoserine lactones in hemolytic activity and viability of Streptococcus pyogenes M6 S165 ▶     Sunil D. Saroj, Linda Holmer, Júlia M. Berengueras et al.     Streptococcus pyogenes an adapted human pathogen asymptomatically colonizes the nasopharynx, among other polymicrobial communities. However, information on the events leading to …             The metabolic waste ammonium regulates mTORC2 and mTORC1 signaling ▶     Ahmad Merhi, Paul Delrée, Anna Maria Marini     Two structurally and functionally distinct mammalian TOR complexes control cell growth and metabolism in physiological and pathological contexts including cancer. Upregulated …             Relationships between strength and endurance parameters and air depletion rates in professional firefighters ▶     Stephanie Windisch, Wolfgang Seiberl, Ansgar Schwirtz et al.     The aim of this study was to quantify the physical demands of a simulated firefighting circuit and to establish the relationship between job performance and endurance and …             Molecular Classification of Lobular Carcinoma of the Breast ▶     Denggang Fu, Qi Zuo, Qi Huang et al.     The morphology of breast tumors is complicated and diagnosis can be difficult. We present here a novel diagnostic model which we validate on both array-based and RNA sequencing …             Locus-specific Retention Predictor (LsRP): A Peptide Retention Time Predictor Developed for Precision Proteomics ▶     Wenyuan Lu, Xiaohui Liu, Shanshan Liu et al.     The precision prediction of peptide retention time (RT) plays an increasingly important role in liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) based proteomics. Owing …             Anticipatory action planning in blind and sighted individuals ▶     Andrea Cavallo, Caterina Ansuini, Monica Gori et al.     Several studies on visually guided reach-to-grasp movements have documented that how objects are grasped differs depending on the actions one intends to perform subsequently. …             Disruption of Autolysis in Bacillus subtilis using TiO2 Nanoparticles ▶     Eric McGivney, Linchen Han, Astrid Avellan et al.     In contrast to many nanotoxicity studies where nanoparticles (NPs) are observed to be toxic or reduce viable cells in a population of bacteria, we observed that increasing …             MicroRNAs miR-203-3p, miR-664-3p and miR-708-5p are associated with median strain lifespan in mice ▶     Benjamin P. Lee, Ivana Burić, Anupriya George-Pandeth et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA species that have been shown to have roles in multiple processes that occur in higher eukaryotes. They act by binding to specific …             Synergistic efficacy of Bisbenzimidazole and Carbonyl Cyanide 3-Chlorophenylhydrazone combination against MDR bacterial strains ▶     Devapriya Sinha, Stuti Pandey, Raja Singh et al.     Activation of efflux systems and the formation of biofilm are majorly adapted by microbes to resist antimicrobial agents. PPEF (bisbenzimidazole) targeting topoisomerase IA is …             Eosinophils are key regulators of perivascular adipose tissue and vascular functionality ▶     Sarah B. Withers, Ruth Forman, Selene Meza-Perez et al.     Obesity impairs the relaxant capacity of adipose tissue surrounding the vasculature (PVAT) and has been implicated in resultant obesity-related hypertension and impaired glucose …             Comprehensive analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas reveals a unique gene and non-coding RNA signature of fibrolamellar carcinoma ▶     Timothy A. Dinh, Eva C. M. Vitucci, Eliane Wauthier et al.     Fibrolamellar carcinoma (FLC) is a unique liver cancer primarily affecting young adults and characterized by a fusion event between DNAJB1 and PRKACA. By analyzing RNA-sequencing …             Efficient Generation of Chemically Induced Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Dermal Fibroblasts ▶     Pei-Lun Lai, Hsuan Lin, Shang-Fu Chen et al.     Human mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent and currently undergoing hundreds of clinical trials for disease treatments. To date, no studies have generated …             Sex differences in DNA methylation of the cord blood are related to sex-bias psychiatric diseases ▶     Mariana Maschietto, Laura Caroline Bastos, Ana Carolina Tahira et al.     Sex differences in the prevalence of psychiatric disorders are well documented, with exposure to stress during gestation differentially impacting females and males. We explored …             A conserved inter-domain communication mechanism regulates the ATPase activity of the AAA-protein Drg1 ▶     Michael Prattes, Mathias Loibl, Gertrude Zisser et al.     AAA-ATPases fulfil essential roles in different cellular pathways and often act in form of hexameric complexes. Interaction with pathway-specific substrate and adaptor proteins …             Vector Integration Sites Identification for Gene-Trap Screening in Mammalian Haploid Cells ▶     Jian Yu, Constance Ciaudo     Forward genetic screens using retroviral (or transposon) gene-trap vectors in a haploid genome revolutionized the investigation of molecular networks in mammals. However, the …             The development of novel LTA4H modulators to selectively target LTB4 generation ▶     Caroline M. Low, Samia Akthar, Dhiren F. Patel et al.     The pro-inflammatory mediator leukotriene B4 (LTB4) is implicated in the pathologies of an array of diseases and thus represents an attractive therapeutic target. The enzyme …             An integrated analysis based on transcriptome and proteome reveals deastringency-related genes in CPCNA persimmon ▶     Wenxing Chen, Yalou Xiong, Liqing Xu et al.     Persimmon fruits accumulate a large amount of proanthocyanidins (PAs) during development. PAs cause a dry or puckering sensation due to its astringency. Pollination constant and …             Characterization of the polyphenol oxidase gene family reveals a novel microRNA involved in posttranscriptional regulation of PPOs in Salvia miltiorrhiza ▶     Caili Li, Dongqiao Li, Jiang Li et al.     Salvia miltiorrhiza is a well-known material of traditional Chinese medicine. Understanding the regulatory mechanisms of phenolic acid biosynthesis and metabolism are important …             Exposure to selenomethionine causes selenocysteine misincorporation and protein aggregation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ▶     Pierre Plateau, Cosmin Saveanu, Roxane Lestini et al.     Selenomethionine, a dietary supplement with beneficial health effects, becomes toxic if taken in excess. To gain insight into the mechanisms of action of selenomethionine, we …             Identification of the metabolic alterations associated with the multidrug resistant phenotype in cancer and their intercellular transfer mediated by extracellular vesicles ▶     Vanessa Lopes-Rodrigues, Alessio Di Luca, Justyna Mleczko et al.     Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a serious obstacle to efficient cancer treatment. Overexpression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) plays a significant role in MDR. Recent studies proved …             Altered microstructure rather than morphology in the corpus callosum after lower limb amputation ▶     Zhichao Li, Chuanming Li, Lingzhong Fan et al.     The corpus callosum (CC) has been implicated in the reorganization of the brain following amputation. However, it is unclear which regions of the CC are involved in this process. …             Total Extracellular Small RNA Profiles from Plasma, Saliva, and Urine of Healthy Subjects ▶     Ashish Yeri, Amanda Courtright, Rebecca Reiman et al.     Interest in circulating RNAs for monitoring and diagnosing human health has grown significantly. There are few datasets describing baseline expression levels for total cell-free …             Crystal structure of a raw-starch-degrading bacterial α-amylase belonging to subfamily 37 of the glycoside hydrolase family GH13 ▶     Yanhong Liu, Jigang Yu, Fudong Li et al.     Subfamily 37 of the glycoside hydrolase family GH13 was recently established on the basis of the discovery of a novel α-amylase, designated AmyP, from a marine metagenomic …             Dependence of nighttime sleep duration in one-month-old infants on alterations in natural and artificial photoperiod ▶     Sachiko Iwata, Fumie Fujita, Masahiro Kinoshita et al.     Human sleep–wake cycles are entrained by both natural and artificial light–dark cycles. However, little is known regarding when and how the photoperiod changes entrain the …             Strain differences in arsenic-induced oxidative lesion via arsenic biomethylation between C57BL/6J and 129X1/SvJ mice ▶     Ruirui Wu, Xiafang Wu, Huihui Wang et al.     Arsenic is a common environmental and occupational toxicant with dramatic species differences in its susceptibility and metabolism. Mouse strain variability may provide a better …             Targeted delivery of doxorubicin by nano-loaded mesenchymal stem cells for lung melanoma metastases therapy ▶     Yuekui Zhao, Shanshan Tang, Jiamin Guo et al.     Poor antigenic presentation of tumor tissues and a lack of specific targets currently limit the success of nanoparticle delivery system. Cellular carrier technique has been …             Associations between genetic variants in mRNA splicing-related genes and risk of lung cancer: a pathway-based analysis from published GWASs ▶     Yongchu Pan, Hongliang Liu, Yanru Wang et al.     mRNA splicing is an important mechanism to regulate mRNA expression. Abnormal regulation of this process may lead to lung cancer. Here, we investigated the associations of 11,966 …             Effects of matrix stiffness on epithelial to mesenchymal transition-like processes of endometrial epithelial cells: Implications for the pathogenesis of endometriosis ▶     Sachiko Matsuzaki, Claude Darcha, Jean-Luc Pouly et al.     Endometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrial glands and stroma within extrauterine sites. Our previous study revealed an epithelial to mesenchymal transition …             HCMV-encoded miR-UL112-3p promotes glioblastoma progression via tumour suppressor candidate 3 ▶     Qing Liang, Kejia Wang, Bin Wang et al.     Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most prevalent and lethal type of primary malignant brain tumour. Recent studies suggest that the discovery of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-encoded …             Vitamin D inhibits lymphangiogenesis through VDR-dependent mechanisms ▶     Saleh Yazdani, Fariba Poosti, Luis Toro et al.     Excessive lymphangiogenesis is associated with cancer progression and renal disease. Attenuation of lymphangiogenesis might represent a novel strategy to target disease …             An excessive increase in glutamate contributes to glucose-toxicity in β-cells via activation of pancreatic NMDA receptors in rodent diabetes ▶     Xiao-Ting Huang, Chen Li, Xiang-Ping Peng et al.     In the nervous system, excessive activation of NMDA receptors causes neuronal injury. Although activation of NMDARs has been proposed to contribute to the progress of diabetes, …             All-passive pixel super-resolution of time-stretch imaging ▶     Antony C. S. Chan, Ho-Cheung Ng, Sharat C. V. Bogaraju et al.     Based on image encoding in a serial-temporal format, optical time-stretch imaging entails a stringent requirement of state-of-the-art fast data acquisition unit in order to …             Effect of 1.8 GHz radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation on novel object associative recognition memory in mice ▶     Kai Wang, Jun-Mei Lu, Zhen-He Xing et al.     Mounting evidence suggests that exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) can influence learning and memory in rodents. In this study, we examined the effects …             Chemical profiling analysis of Maca using UHPLC-ESI-Orbitrap MS coupled with UHPLC-ESI-QqQ MS and the neuroprotective study on its active ingredients ▶     Yanyan Zhou, Peng Li, Adelheid Brantner et al.     Lepidium meyenii (Maca), originated from Peru, has been cultivated widely in China as a popular health care food. However, the chemical and effective studies of Maca were less …             Signature of an aggregation-prone conformation of tau ▶     Neil A. Eschmann, Elka R. Georgieva, Pritam Ganguly et al.     The self-assembly of the microtubule associated tau protein into fibrillar cell inclusions is linked to a number of devastating neurodegenerative disorders collectively known as …             Partitioning of red blood cell aggregates in bifurcating microscale flows ▶     E. Kaliviotis, J. M. Sherwood, S. Balabani     Microvascular flows are often considered to be free of red blood cell aggregates, however, recent studies have demonstrated that aggregates are present throughout the …             A novel toolbox to investigate tissue spatial organization applied to the study of the islets of Langerhans ▶     Hoa Tran Thi Nhu, Rafael Arrojo E. Drigo, Per-Olof Berggren et al.     Thanks to the development of new 3D Imaging techniques, volumetric data of thick samples, especially tissues, are commonly available. Several algorithms were proposed to analyze …             HBV quasispecies composition in Lamivudine-failed chronic hepatitis B patients and its influence on virological response to Tenofovir-based rescue therapy ▶     Priyanka Banerjee, Abhijit Chakraborty, Rajiv Kumar Mondal et al.     The present study sought to evaluate the structure of HBV quasispecies in Lamivudine (LMV)-failed chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients and its impact in defining the subsequent …             Corrigendum: EColiCore2: a reference network model of the central metabolism of Escherichiacoli and relationships to its genome-scale parent model ▶     Oliver Hädicke, Steffen Klamt                 Corrigendum: A spiking neural network model of 3D perception for event-based neuromorphic stereo vision systems ▶     Marc Osswald, Sio-Hoi Ieng, Ryad Benosman et al.                 In vitro drug testing based on contractile activity of C2C12 cells in an epigenetic drug model ▶     Kazushi Ikeda, Akira Ito, Ryusuke Imada et al.     Skeletal muscle tissue engineering holds great promise for pharmacological studies. Herein, we demonstrated an in vitro drug testing system using tissue-engineered skeletal …             Erratum: Ecology and genetics affect relative invasion success of two Echium species in southern Australia ▶     Xiaocheng Zhu, Paul A. Weston, Dominik Skoneczny et al.                 Emigration dynamics of cockroaches under different disturbance regimes do not depend on individual personalities ▶     I. Planas-Sitjà, M. O. Laurent Salazar, G. Sempo et al.     Group-level properties, such as collective movements or decisions, can be considered an outcome of the interplay between individual behavior and social interactions. However, the …             Insights into early pig domestication provided by ancient DNA analysis ▶     Amke Caliebe, Almut Nebel, Cheryl Makarewicz et al.     Pigs (Sus scrofa) were first domesticated between 8,500 and 8,000 cal BC in the Near East, from where they were subsequently brought into Europe by agriculturalists. Soon after …             Dynamic cortical participation during bilateral, cyclical ankle movements: effects of aging ▶     Takashi Yoshida, Kei Masani, Karl Zabjek et al.     The precise role of the human primary motor cortex in walking is unknown. Our previous study showed that the primary motor cortex may contribute to specific requirements of …             Corrigendum: Minimizing the risk of allo-sensitization to optimize the benefit of allogeneic cardiac-derived stem/progenitor cells ▶     Hocine R. Hocine, Hicham E. L. Costa, Noemie Dam et al.                 Late assembly of the Vibrio cholerae cell division machinery postpones septation to the last 10% of the cell cycle ▶     Elisa Galli, Evelyne Paly, François-Xavier Barre     Bacterial cell division is a highly regulated process, which involves the formation of a complex apparatus, the divisome, by over a dozen proteins. In the few model bacteria in …             Corrigendum: High-level expression of improved thermo-stable alkaline xylanase variant in Pichia Pastoris through codon optimization, multiple gene insertion and high-density fermentation ▶     Yihong Lu, Cheng Fang, Qinhong Wang et al.                 Corrigendum: HIPSTR and thousands of lncRNAs are heterogeneously expressed in human embryos, primordial germ cells and stable cell lines ▶     Dinar Yunusov, Leticia Anderson, Lucas Ferreira DaSilva et al.                 Corrigendum: Innate positive chemotaxis to pollen from crops and banker plants in predaceous biological control agents: towards new field lures? ▶     Shu Li, Xiaoling Tan, Nicolas Desneux et al.                 Platform for combined analysis of functional and biomolecular phenotypes of the same cell ▶     L. Kelbauskas, S. Ashili, J. Zeng et al.     Functional and molecular cell-to-cell variability is pivotal at the cellular, tissue and whole-organism levels. Yet, the ultimate goal of directly correlating the function of the …             Corrigendum: Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Raccoon Dog Skin to Determine Melanin Content in Hair and Melanin Distribution in Skin ▶     Zhanyu Du, Kai Huang, Jiaping Zhao et al.                 Effects of Gliadin consumption on the Intestinal Microbiota and Metabolic Homeostasis in Mice Fed a High-fat Diet ▶     Li Zhang, Daniel Andersen, Henrik Munch Roager et al.     Dietary gluten causes severe disorders like celiac disease in gluten-intolerant humans. However, currently understanding of its impact in tolerant individuals is limited. Our …             spalt is functionally conserved in Locusta and Drosophila to promote wing growth ▶     Dan Wang, Juanjuan Li, Suning Liu et al.     Locusta has strong fly wings to ensure its long distance migration, but the molecular mechanism that regulates the Locusta wing development is poorly understood. To address the …             Amniotic fluid metabolomics and biochemistry analysis provides novel insights into the diet-regulated foetal growth in a pig model ▶     Jin Wan, Fei Jiang, Jiao Zhang et al.     Foetal loss and intrauterine growth restriction are major problems in mammals, but there are few effective ways in preventing it. Intriguingly, chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), a …             OEPR Cloning: an Efficient and Seamless Cloning Strategy for Large- and Multi-Fragments ▶     Chang-Jun Liu, Hui Jiang, Lei Wu et al.     Here, an efficient cloning strategy for large DNA fragments and for simultaneous assembly of multiple DNA fragments assembly is presented. This strategy is named OEPR (based on O…             Non-invasive aerosol delivery and transport of gold nanoparticles to the brain ▶     Ramesh Raliya, Debajit Saha, Tandeep S. Chadha et al.     Targeted delivery of nanoscale carriers containing packaged payloads to the central nervous system has potential use in many diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Moreover, …             Environment-induced changes in selective constraints on social learning during the peopling of the Americas ▶     Briggs Buchanan, Anne Chao, Chun-Huo Chiu et al.     The weaponry technology associated with Clovis and related Early Paleoindians represents the earliest well-defined evidence of humans in Pleistocene North America. We assess the …             Practical whole-tooth restoration utilizing autologous bioengineered tooth germ transplantation in a postnatal canine model ▶     Mitsuaki Ono, Masamitsu Oshima, Miho Ogawa et al.     Whole-organ regeneration has great potential for the replacement of dysfunctional organs through the reconstruction of a fully functional bioengineered organ using …             EIN3 and SOS2 synergistically modulate plant salt tolerance ▶     Ruidang Quan, Juan Wang, Dexin Yang et al.     Ethylene biosynthesis and the ethylene signaling pathway regulate plant salt tolerance by activating the expression of downstream target genes such as those related to ROS and Na+…             Fine-tuning the extent and dynamics of binding cleft opening as a potential general regulatory mechanism in parvulin-type peptidyl prolyl isomerases ▶     András Czajlik, Bertalan Kovács, Perttu Permi et al.     Parvulins or rotamases form a distinct group within peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerases. Their exact mode of action as well as the role of conserved residues in the family are …             Evolution of the chitin synthase gene family correlates with fungal morphogenesis and adaption to ecological niches ▶     Ran Liu, Chuan Xu, Qiangqiang Zhang et al.     The fungal kingdom potentially has the most complex chitin synthase (CHS) gene family, but evolution of the fungal CHS gene family and its diversification to fulfill multiple …             Reduced DNA methylation and psychopathology following endogenous hypercortisolism – a genome-wide study ▶     Camilla A. M. Glad, Johanna C. Andersson-Assarsson, Peter Berglund et al.     Patients with Cushing’s Syndrome (CS) in remission were used as a model to test the hypothesis that long-standing excessive cortisol exposure induces changes in DNA methylation …             One-step generation of mice carrying a conditional allele together with an HA-tag insertion for the delta opioid receptor ▶     Dongru Su, Min Wang, Chenli Ye et al.     G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are important modulators of many physiological functions and excellent drug targets for many diseases. However, to study the functions of …             Significant decline in anticancer immune capacity during puberty in the Tasmanian devil ▶     Yuanyuan Cheng, Kim Heasman, Sarah Peck et al.     Tasmanian devils (Sarcophilus harrisii) are at risk of extinction in the wild due to Devil Facial Tumour Disease (DFTD), a rare contagious cancer. The prevalence of DFTD differs …             Zebrafish Caudal Haematopoietic Embryonic Stromal Tissue (CHEST) Cells Support Haematopoiesis ▶     Anja Wolf, Julian Aggio, Clyde Campbell et al.     Haematopoiesis is an essential process in early vertebrate development that occurs in different distinct spatial locations in the embryo that shift over time. These different …             Lineage divergence, local adaptation across a biogeographic break, and artificial transport, shape the genetic structure in the ascidian Pyura chilensis ▶     Nicolás I. Segovia, Cristian Gallardo-Escárate, Elie Poulin et al.     Marine benthic organisms inhabit a heterogeneous environment in which connectivity between populations occurs mainly through dispersive larval stages, while local selective …             Chromatin modification contributes to the expression divergence of three TaGS2 homoeologs in hexaploid wheat ▶     Wei Zhang, Xiaoli Fan, Yingjie Gao et al.     Plastic glutamine synthetase (GS2) is responsible for ammonium assimilation. The reason that TaGS2 homoeologs in hexaploid wheat experience different selection pressures in the …             Doxorubicin induces cardiotoxicity through upregulation of death receptors mediated apoptosis in cardiomyocytes ▶     Liqun Zhao, Baolin Zhang     Doxorubicin is a highly effective anticancer agent but causes cardiotoxicity in many patients. The mechanisms of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity remain incompletely …             Evaluation of reference genes at different developmental stages for quantitative real-time PCR in Aedes aegypti ▶     Najat Dzaki, Karima N. Ramli, Azali Azlan et al.     The mosquito Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti) is the most notorious vector of illness-causing viruses such as Dengue, Chikugunya, and Zika. Although numerous genetic expression …             Identification of a novel locus associated with skin colour in African-admixed populations ▶     Natalia Hernandez-Pacheco, Carlos Flores, Santos Alonso et al.     Skin pigmentation is a complex trait that varies largely among populations. Most genome-wide association studies of this trait have been performed in Europeans and Asians. We …             Damage-Induced Cell Regeneration in the Midgut of Aedes albopictus Mosquitoes ▶     Maria Janeh, Dani Osman, Zakaria Kambris     Mosquito-transmitted diseases cause over one million deaths every year. A better characterization of the vector’s physiology and immunity should provide valuable knowledge for …             Beneficial effects of paeoniflorin on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease induced by high-fat diet in rats ▶     Zhihong Ma, Li Chu, Hongying Liu et al.     Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent form of chronic liver diseases. This study sought to evaluate the insulin-sensitizing effect of paeoniflorin (PF) …             Corrigendum: The loss of ATP2C1 impairs the DNA damage response and induces altered skin homeostasis: Consequences for epidermal biology in Hailey-Hailey disease ▶     Samantha Cialfi, Loredana Le Pera, Carlo De Blasio et al.                 Actin-binding protein coronin 1A controls osteoclastic bone resorption by regulating lysosomal secretion of cathepsin K ▶     Saori Ohmae, Naruto Noma, Masayasu Toyomoto et al.     Osteoclasts degrade bone matrix proteins via the secretion of lysosomal enzymes. However, the precise mechanisms by which lysosomal components are transported and fused to the …             The receptor-like pseudokinase MRH1 interacts with the voltage-gated potassium channel AKT2 ▶     Kamil Sklodowski, Janin Riedelsberger, Natalia Raddatz et al.     The potassium channel AKT2 plays important roles in phloem loading and unloading. It can operate as inward-rectifying channel that allows H+-ATPase-energized K+ uptake. Moreover, …             Recombinant Mycobacterium smegmatis with a pMyong2 vector expressing Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type I Gag can induce enhanced virus-specific immune responses ▶     Byoung-Jun Kim, Jeong-Ryeol Gong, Ga-Na Kim et al.     Recently, we have developed a novel Mycobacterium-Escherichia coli shuttle vector system using pMyong2, which can provide an enhanced expression of heterologous genes in …             Corrigendum: PARP inhibitor increases chemosensitivity by upregulating miR-664b-5p in BRCA1-mutated triple-negative breast cancer ▶     Wei Song, Lin Tang, Yumei Xu et al.                 Simulated herbivory in chickpea causes rapid changes in defense pathways and hormonal transcription networks of JA/ethylene/GA/auxin within minutes of wounding ▶     Saurabh Prakash Pandey, Shruti Srivastava, Ridhi Goel et al.     Chickpea (C. arietinum L.) is an important pulse crop in Asian and African countries that suffers significant yield losses due to attacks by insects like H. armigera. To obtain …             Brucella spp. of amphibians comprise genomically diverse motile strains competent for replication in macrophages and survival in mammalian hosts ▶     Sascha Al Dahouk, Stephan Köhler, Alessandra Occhialini et al.     Twenty-one small Gram-negative motile coccobacilli were isolated from 15 systemically diseased African bullfrogs (Pyxicephalus edulis), and were initially identified as …             Both Drosophila matrix metalloproteinases have released and membrane-tethered forms but have different substrates ▶     Kimberly S. LaFever, Xiaoxi Wang, Patrick Page-McCaw et al.     Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are extracellular proteases that can cleave extracellular matrix and alter signaling pathways. They have been implicated in many disease states, …             Systems-level understanding of ethanol-induced stresses and adaptation in E. coli ▶     Huansheng Cao, Du Wei, Yuedong Yang et al.     Understanding ethanol-induced stresses and responses in biofuel-producing bacteria at systems level has significant implications in engineering more efficient biofuel producers. …             Comparison of proteomic profiles in the zebrafish retina during experimental degeneration and regeneration ▶     Karen Eastlake, Wendy E. Heywood, Dhani Tracey-White et al.     Zebrafish spontaneously regenerate the retina after injury. Although the gene expression profile has been extensively studied in this species during regeneration, this does not …             S-nitrosylation of UCHL1 induces its structural instability and promotes α-synuclein aggregation ▶     Roshan Kumar, Deepak K. Jangir, Garima Verma et al.     Ubiquitin C-terminal Hydrolase-1 (UCHL1) is a deubiquitinating enzyme, which plays a key role in Parkinson’s disease (PD). It is one of the most important proteins, which …             Exonuclease processivity of archaeal replicative DNA polymerase in association with PCNA is expedited by mismatches in DNA ▶     Takuya Yoda, Maiko Tanabe, Toshiyuki Tsuji et al.     Family B DNA polymerases comprise polymerase and 3′ −>5′ exonuclease domains, and detect a mismatch in a newly synthesized strand to remove it in cooperation with Proliferating …             The Glutathione Peroxidase Gene Family in Gossypium hirsutum: Genome-Wide Identification, Classification, Gene Expression and Functional Analysis ▶     Mingyang Chen, Kun Li, Haipeng Li et al.     The plant glutathione peroxidase (GPX) family consists of multiple isoenzymes with distinct subcellular locations, tissue-specific expression patterns and environmental stress …             Somatic genome editing with CRISPR/Cas9 generates and corrects a metabolic disease ▶     Kelsey E. Jarrett, Ciaran M. Lee, Yi-Hsien Yeh et al.     Germline manipulation using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing has dramatically accelerated the generation of new mouse models. Nonetheless, many metabolic disease models still depend …             LOCALIZER: subcellular localization prediction of both plant and effector proteins in the plant cell ▶     Jana Sperschneider, Ann-Maree Catanzariti, Kathleen DeBoer et al.     Pathogens secrete effector proteins and many operate inside plant cells to enable infection. Some effectors have been found to enter subcellular compartments by mimicking host …             Genome-wide analysis of complex wheat gliadins, the dominant carriers of celiac disease epitopes ▶     Da-Wei Wang, Da Li, Junjun Wang et al.     Gliadins, specified by six compound chromosomal loci (Gli-A1/B1/D1 and Gli-A2/B2/D2) in hexaploid bread wheat, are the dominant carriers of celiac disease (CD) epitopes. Because …             Renal Medulla is More Sensitive to Cisplatin than Cortex Revealed by Untargeted Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics in Rats ▶     Pei Zhang, Jia-Qing Chen, Wan-Qiu Huang et al.     Nephrotoxicity has long been the most severe and life-threatening side-effect of cisplatin, whose anticancer effect is therefore restricted. Previous pathological studies have …             ALS Along the Axons – Expression of Coding and Noncoding RNA Differs in Axons of ALS models ▶     Nimrod Rotem, Iddo Magen, Ariel Ionescu et al.     Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a multifactorial lethal motor neuron disease with no known treatment. Although the basic mechanism of its degenerative pathogenesis remains …             ThermoAlign: a genome-aware primer design tool for tiled amplicon resequencing ▶     Felix Francis, Michael D. Dumas, Randall J. Wisser     Isolating and sequencing specific regions in a genome is a cornerstone of molecular biology. This has been facilitated by computationally encoding the thermodynamics of DNA …             Ticks elicit variable f ibrinogenolytic activities upon feeding on hosts with different immune backgrounds ▶     Ashish Vora, Vikas Taank, Sucharita M. Dutta et al.     Ticks secrete several anti-hemostatic factors in their saliva to suppress the host innate and acquired immune defenses against infestations. Using Ixodes scapularis ticks and …             CD8+ T cells specific for the islet autoantigen IGRP are restricted in their T cell receptor chain usage ▶     Yannick F. Fuchs, Anne Eugster, Sevina Dietz et al.     CD8+ T cells directed against beta cell autoantigens are considered relevant for the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. Using single cell T cell receptor sequencing of CD8+ T cells …             Application of conventional molecular dynamics simulation in evaluating the stability of apomyoglobin in urea solution ▶     Dawei Zhang, Raudah Lazim     In this study, we had exploited the advancement in computer technology to determine the stability of four apomyoglobin variants namely wild type, E109A, E109G and G65A/G73A by …             Evidence and mapping of extinction debts for global forest-dwelling reptiles, amphibians and mammals ▶     Youhua Chen, Shushi Peng     Evidence of extinction debts for the global distributions of forest-dwelling reptiles, mammals and amphibians was tested and the debt magnitude was estimated and mapped. By using …             Corrigendum: Functional Coupling of Human Microphysiology Systems: Intestine, Liver, Kidney Proximal Tubule, Blood-Brain Barrier and Skeletal Muscle ▶     Lawrence Vernetti, Albert Gough, Nicholas Baetz et al.                 Fast detection of tobacco mosaic virus infected tobacco using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy ▶     Jiyu Peng, Kunlin Song, Hongyan Zhu et al.     Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is one of the most devastating viruses to crops, which can cause severe production loss and affect the quality of products. In this study, we have …             Estimating the abundance of airborne pollen and fungal spores at variable elevations using an aircraft: how high can they fly? ▶     Athanasios Damialis, Evangelos Kaimakamis, Maria Konoglou et al.     Airborne pollen and fungal spores are monitored mainly in highly populated, urban environments, for allergy prevention purposes. However, their sources can frequently be located …             A mechanistic study of gold nanoparticle radiosensitisation using targeted microbeam irradiation ▶     Mihaela Ghita, Stephen J. McMahon, Laura E. Taggart et al.     Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have been demonstrated as effective radiosensitizing agents in a range of preclinical models using broad field sources of various energies. This study …             Volume-sensitive outwardly rectifying chloride channel blockers protect against high glucose-induced apoptosis of cardiomyocytes via autophagy activation ▶     Lin Wang, Mingzhi Shen, Xiaowang Guo et al.     Hyperglycemia is a well-characterized contributing factor for cardiac dysfunction and heart failure among diabetic patients. Apoptosis of cardiomyocytes plays a major role during …             Nanoscale zero-valent iron/persulfate enhanced upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor for dye removal: Insight into microbial metabolism and microbial community ▶     Fei Pan, Xiaohan Zhong, Dongsheng Xia et al.     This study investigated the efficiency of nanoscale zero-valent iron combined with persulfate (NZVI/PS) for enhanced degradation of brilliant red X-3B in an upflow anaerobic …             Imbalance between TNFα and progranulin contributes to memory impairment and anxiety in sleep-deprived mice ▶     Kun Zhang, Yu-jiao Li, Dan Feng et al.     Sleep disorder is becoming a widespread problem in current society, and is associated with impaired cognition and emotional disorders. Progranulin (PGRN), also known as granulin …             Effect of pesticides on microbial communities in container aquatic habitats ▶     Ephantus J. Muturi, Ravi Kiran Donthu, Christopher J. Fields et al.     Container aquatic habitats support a specialized community of macroinvertebrates (e.g. mosquitoes) that feed on microbial communities associated with decaying organic matter. …             Extracellular α-synuclein induces sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor subtype 1 uncoupled from inhibitory G-protein leaving β-arrestin signal intact ▶     Lifang Zhang, Taro Okada, Shaymaa Mohamed Mohamed Badawy et al.     Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. The presence of α-synuclein (α-Syn)-positive intracytoplasmic inclusions, known as Lewy bodies, is …             Effect of modulation of PPAR-γ activity on Kupffer cells M1/M2 polarization in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ▶     Wenjing Luo, Qinyu Xu, Qi Wang et al.     Abnormal lipid-mediated hepatic inflammatory-immune dysfunction and chronic low grade inflammation play an important role in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease …             White Matter Repair After Extracellular Vesicles Administration in an Experimental Animal Model of Subcortical Stroke ▶     Laura Otero-Ortega, Fernando Laso-García, María del Carmen Gómez-de Frutos et al.     Mesenchymal stem cells have previously been shown to mediate brain repair after stroke; they secrete 50–100 nm complexes called extracellular vesicles (EVs), which could be …             Double-flow focused liquid injector for efficient serial femtosecond crystallography ▶     Dominik Oberthuer, Juraj Knoška, Max O. Wiedorn et al.     Serial femtosecond crystallography requires reliable and efficient delivery of fresh crystals across the beam of an X-ray free-electron laser over the course of an experiment. We …             Interplay of myosin phosphatase and protein phosphatase-2A in the regulation of endothelial nitric-oxide synthase phosphorylation and nitric oxide production ▶     Róbert Bátori, Bálint Bécsi, Dénes Nagy et al.     The inhibitory phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS) at Thr497 (eNOSpThr497) by protein kinase C or RhoA-activated kinase is a major regulatory …             A single residue controls electron transfer gating in photosynthetic reaction centers ▶     Oksana Shlyk, Ilan Samish, Martina Matěnová et al.     Interquinone QA− → QB electron-transfer (ET) in isolated photosystem II reaction centers (PSII-RC) is protein-gated. The temperature-dependent gating frequency “k” is described …             Erratum: Sensory hypo-excitability in a rat model of fetal development in Fragile X Syndrome ▶     Julia Berzhanskaya, Marnie A. Phillips, Jing Shen et al.                 Erratum: Mammalian non-CG methylations are conserved and cell-type specific and may have been involved in the evolution of transposon elements ▶     Weilong Guo, Michael Q. Zhang, Hong Wu                 The highly synergistic, broad spectrum, antibacterial activity of organic acids and transition metals ▶     Daniel Zhitnitsky, Jessica Rose, Oded Lewinson     For millennia, transition metals have been exploited to inhibit bacterial growth. We report here the potentiation of the anti-bacterial activity of transition metals by organic …             Dynamic Circulation and Genetic Exchange of a Shrew-borne Hantavirus, Imjin virus, in the Republic of Korea ▶     Seung-Ho Lee, Won-Keun Kim, Jin Sun No et al.     Hantaviruses (family Bunyaviridae) are enveloped negative-sense tripartite RNA viruses. The natural hosts of hantaviruses include rodents, shrews, moles, and bats. Imjin virus …             Corrigendum: Unraveling the evolutionary dynamics of ancient and recent polyploidization events in Avena (Poaceae) ▶     Qing Liu, Lei Lin, Xiangying Zhou et al.                 Generation of non-viral, transgene-free hepatocyte like cells with piggyBac transposon ▶     Hokahiro Katayama, Kentaro Yasuchika, Yuya Miyauchi et al.     Somatic cells can be reprogrammed to induced hepatocyte-like cells (iHeps) by overexpressing certain defined factors in direct reprogramming techniques. Of the various methods to …             Rational Design of Protein C Activators ▶     Sergio Barranco-Medina, Mary Murphy, Leslie Pelc et al.     In addition to its procoagulant and proinflammatory functions mediated by cleavage of fibrinogen and PAR1, the trypsin-like protease thrombin activates the anticoagulant protein …             Corrigendum: Differences in the transcriptome of medullary thyroid cancer regarding the status and type of RET gene mutations ▶     Malgorzata Oczko-Wojciechowska, Michal Swierniak, Jolanta Krajewska et al.                 Active and passive sexual roles that arise in Drosophila male-male courtship are modulated by dopamine levels in PPL2ab neurons ▶     Shiu-Ling Chen, Yu-Hui Chen, Chuan-Chan Wang et al.     The neurology of male sexuality has been poorly studied owing to difficulties in studying brain circuitry in humans. Dopamine (DA) is essential for both physiological and …             The age-associated loss of ischemic preconditioning in the kidney is accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction, increased protein acetylation and decreased autophagy ▶     Stanislovas S. Jankauskas, Irina B. Pevzner, Nadezda V. Andrianova et al.     In young rats, ischemic preconditioning (IPC), which consists of 4 cycles of ischemia and reperfusion alleviated kidney injury caused by 40-min ischemia. However,old rats lost …             Nitrogen addition and clonal integration alleviate water stress of dependent ramets of Indocalamus decorus under heterogeneous soil water environment ▶     Zi-Wu Guo, Jun-Jing Hu, Shuang-Lin Chen et al.     Water and nitrogen are two of the most important factors for plant growth and development. However, little is known about effects of N on water translocation between connected …             Highly pathogenic H5N6 influenza A viruses recovered from wild birds in Guangdong, southern China, 2014–2015 ▶     Yinfeng Kang, Lu Liu, Minsha Feng et al.     Since 2013, highly pathogenic (HP) H5N6 influenza A viruses (IAVs) have emerged in poultry in Asia, especially Southeast Asia. These viruses have also caused sporadic infections …             Improved MALDI imaging MS analysis of phospholipids using graphene oxide as new matrix ▶     Zhongjie Wang, Yan Cai, Yi Wang et al.     Matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) is an increasingly important technique for detection and spatial localization of phospholipids …             In vivo imaging of the Muc5b gel-forming mucin ▶     Céline Portal, Valérie Gouyer, Mylène Magnien et al.     Gel-forming mucins are macromolecules produced by goblet cells and responsible for the mucus gel formation. Changes in goblet cell density and in gel-forming mucin production …             Corrigendum: Effect of TREM-1 blockade and single nucleotide variants in experimental renal injury and kidney transplantation ▶     Alessandra Tammaro, Jesper Kers, Diba Emal et al.                 Microfluidic device enabled quantitative time-lapse microscopic-photography for phenotyping vegetative and reproductive phases in Fusarium virguliforme, which is pathogenic to soybean ▶     Jill Marshall, Xuan Qiao, Jordan Baumbach et al.     Time-lapse microscopic-photography allows in-depth phenotyping of microorganisms. Here we report development of such a system using a microfluidic device, generated from …             A bacterial aromatic aldehyde dehydrogenase critical for the efficient catabolism of syringaldehyde ▶     Naofumi Kamimura, Takayuki Goto, Kenji Takahashi et al.     Vanillin and syringaldehyde obtained from lignin are essential intermediates for the production of basic chemicals using microbial cell factories. However, in contrast to …             GEAR: A database of Genomic Elements Associated with drug Resistance ▶     Yin-Ying Wang, Wei-Hua Chen, Pei-Pei Xiao et al.     Drug resistance is becoming a serious problem that leads to the failure of standard treatments, which is generally developed because of genetic mutations of certain molecules. …             High-resolution phenotypic profiling of natural products-induced effects on the single-cell level ▶     Stephan Kremb, Christian R. Voolstra     Natural products (NPs) are highly evolved molecules making them a valuable resource for new therapeutics. Here we demonstrate the usefulness of broad-spectrum phenotypic …             Alkaline ceramidase 2 is a novel direct target of p53 and induces autophagy and apoptosis through ROS generation ▶     Yitao Wang, Chunxue Zhang, Yuelei Jin et al.     ACER2 is a critical sphingolipid metabolizing enzyme, and has been shown to be remarkably up-regulated following various stimuli such as DNA damage. However, the transcriptional …             Erratum: Cyclin I-like (CCNI2) is a cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) activator and is involved in cell cycle regulation ▶     Chengcheng Liu, Xiaoyan Zhai, Bin Zhao et al.                 Aptamer-based Field-Effect Biosensor for Tenofovir Detection ▶     N. Aliakbarinodehi, P. Jolly, N. Bhalla et al.     During medical treatment it is critical to maintain the circulatory concentration of drugs within their therapeutic range. A novel biosensor is presented in this work to address …             Impacts of twenty years of experimental warming on soil carbon, nitrogen, moisture and soil mites across alpine/subarctic tundra communities ▶     Juha M. Alatalo, Annika K. Jägerbrand, Jaanis Juhanson et al.     High-altitude and alpine areas are predicted to experience rapid and substantial increases in future temperature, which may have serious impacts on soil carbon, nutrient and soil …             Sporicidal activity of ceragenin CSA-13 against Bacillus subtilis ▶     Ewelina Piktel, Katarzyna Pogoda, Maciej Roman et al.     Spore-forming bacteria are a class of microorganisms that possess the ability to survive in extreme environmental conditions. Morphological features of spores assure their …             Structural insights into the γ-lactamase activity and substrate enantioselectivity of an isochorismatase-like hydrolase from Microbacterium hydrocarbonoxydans ▶     Shuaihua Gao, Yu Zhou, Weiwei Zhang et al.     (+)-γ-lactamase catalyzes the specific hydrolysis of (+)-γ-lactam out of the racemic γ-lactam (2-Azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-3-one) to leave optically pure (−)-γ-lactam, which is …             Mitigation Effect of Proanthocyanidin on Secondary Heart Injury in Rats Caused by Mechanical Trauma ▶     Shuo Ma, Chong Chen, Tingting Cao et al.     Multiple organ dysfunctional syndrome secondary to mechanical trauma (MT) has attracted considerable research attention. The heart is one of the most important organs of the …             Novel transcriptome assembly and comparative toxicity pathway analysis in mahi-mahi (Coryphaena hippurus) embryos and larvae exposed to Deepwater Horizon oil ▶     Elvis Genbo Xu, Edward M. Mager, Martin Grosell et al.     The impacts of Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil on morphology and function during embryonic development have been documented for a number of fish species, including the economically …             Humans Conceptualize Victory and Defeat in Body Size ▶     Wenjun Yu, Zhongqiang Sun, Jifan Zhou et al.     Size matters considerably for victory and defeat during competitive situations. Drawing on the embodied theory of cognition, we examined the reciprocal association between size …             Phosphorylated eIF2α predicts disease-free survival in triple-negative breast cancer patients ▶     Liang Guo, Yayun Chi, Jingyan Xue et al.     Phosphorylated eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (p-eIF2α), which functions as a marker of endoplasmic reticulum stress, has been reported to be associated with patient …             Global Insight into Lysine Acetylation Events and Their Links to Biological Aspects in Beauveria bassiana, a Fungal Insect Pathogen ▶     Zhi-Kang Wang, Qing Cai, Jin Liu et al.     Lysine acetylation (Kac) events in filamentous fungi are poorly explored. Here we show a lysine acetylome generated by LC-MS/MS analysis of immunoaffinity-based Kac peptides from …             Antimicrobial peptide gramicidin S is accumulated in granules of producer cells for storage of bacterial phosphagens ▶     Marina Berditsch, Mareike Trapp, Sergii Afonin et al.     Many antimicrobial peptides are synthesized non-ribosomally in bacteria, but little is known about their subcellular route of biosynthesis, their mode of intracellular …             Increased dosage of AOX1 promoter-regulated expression cassettes leads to transcription attenuation of the methanol metabolism in Pichia pastoris ▶     Elena Cámara, Nils Landes, Joan Albiol et al.     The methanol-regulated alcohol oxidase promoter (PAOX1) of Pichia pastoris is one of the strongest promoters for heterologous gene expression in this methylotrophic yeast. …             Melanocortin-3 receptors expressed in Nkx2.1(+ve) neurons are sufficient for controlling appetitive responses to hypocaloric conditioning ▶     Clémence Girardet, Maria M. Mavrikaki, Joseph R. Stevens et al.     Melanocortin-3 receptors (MC3R) have a contextual role in appetite control that is amplified with hypocaloric conditioning. C57BL/6J (B6) mice subjected to hypocaloric feeding …             STK16 regulates actin dynamics to control Golgi organization and cell cycle ▶     Juanjuan Liu, Xingxing Yang, Binhua Li et al.     STK16 is a ubiquitously expressed, myristoylated, and palmitoylated serine/threonine protein kinase with underexplored functions. Recently, it was shown to be involved in cell …             Improved shear wave motion detection using coded excitation for transient elastography ▶     Xiao-Nian He, Xian-Fen Diao, Hao-Ming Lin et al.     Transient elastography (TE) is well adapted for use in studying liver elasticity. However, because the shear wave motion signal is extracted from the ultrasound signal, the weak …             Calretinin and Neuropeptide Y interneurons are differentially altered in the motor cortex of the SOD1G93A mouse model of ALS ▶     Rosemary M. Clark, Catherine A. Blizzard, Kaylene M. Young et al.     Increasing evidence indicates an excitatory/inhibitory imbalance may have a critical role in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Impaired inhibitory …             Crystallization and hardening of poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) mouthguards during routine use ▶     Ryoko Kuwahara, Ryotaro Tomita, Natsumi Ogawa et al.     Mouthguards (MGs) made from poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVA) are widely used in contact sports to prevent injuries such as breaking teeth and lip lacerations and to reduce …             The endoplasmic reticulum stress/autophagy pathway is involved in cholesterol-induced pancreatic β-cell injury ▶     Fei-Juan Kong, Jia-Hua Wu, Shui-Ya Sun et al.     Lipotoxicity has been implicated in pancreatic β-cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes, but the exact mechanisms remain unknown. The current study explored the role of the …             Transcriptomic immaturity of the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex in patients with alcoholism ▶     Tomoyuki Murano, Hisatsugu Koshimizu, Hideo Hagihara et al.     Alcoholism, which is defined as the recurring harmful use of alcohol despite its negative consequences, has a lifetime prevalence of 17.8%. Previous studies have shown that …             Glycol porphyrin derivatives and temoporfin elicit resistance to photodynamic therapy by different mechanisms ▶     Jarmila Kralova, Michal Kolar, Michal Kahle et al.     The development of drug resistance is a major problem which often occurs during anticancer chemotherapies. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been studied as an alternative treatment …             Chlorin e6 mediated photodynamic inactivation for multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis in mice in vivo ▶     Ming-Feng Wu, Mona Deichelbohrer, Thomas Tschernig et al.     Following corneal epithelium scratches, mouse corneas were infected with the multidrug resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa strain PA54. 24 hours later, 0% (for control group), 0.01%, …             Analysis of RP2 and RPGR Mutations in Five X-Linked Chinese Families with Retinitis Pigmentosa ▶     Jingjing Jiang, Xiaofei Wu, Di Shen et al.     Mutations in RP2 and RPGR genes are responsible for the X-linked retinitis pigmentosa (XLRP). In this study, we analyzed the RP2 and RPGR gene mutations in five Han Chinese …             Resisting majesty: Apis cerana, has lower antennal sensitivity and decreased attraction to queen mandibular pheromone than Apis mellifera ▶     Shihao Dong, Ping Wen, Qi Zhang et al.     In highly social bees, queen mandibular pheromone (QMP) is vital for colony life. Both Apis cerana (Ac) and Apis mellifera (Am) share an evolutionarily conserved set of QMP …             Nightmares as predictors of suicide: an extension study including war veterans ▶     Nils Sandman, Katja Valli, Erkki Kronholm et al.     Nightmares are intensive dreams with negative emotional tone. Frequent nightmares can pose a serious clinical problem and in 2001, Tanskanen et al. found that nightmares increase …             Network analysis reveals crosstalk between autophagy genes and disease genes ▶     Ji-Ye Wang, Wei-Xuan Yao, Yun Wang et al.     Autophagy is a protective and life-sustaining process in which cytoplasmic components are packaged into double-membrane vesicles and targeted to lysosomes for degradation. …             Cardiac repair in a mouse model of acute myocardial infarction with trophoblast stem cells ▶     Guannan Li, Jianzhou Chen, Xinlin Zhang et al.     Various stem cells have been explored for the purpose of cardiac repair. However, any individual stem cell population has not been considered as the ideal source. Recently, …             Asymmetric dimethylarginine and all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis ▶     Shaoli Zhou, Qianqian Zhu, Xiang Li et al.     Asymmetrical dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), impairs the beneficial effect of NO. The predictive value of ADMA for all-cause …             Inosine attenuates spontaneous activity in the rat neurogenic bladder through an A2B pathway ▶     Claire Doyle, Vivian Cristofaro, Bryan S. Sack et al.     Neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) is among the most challenging complications of spinal cord injury (SCI). A recent report by us demonstrated an improvement in NDO in SCI …             Antimicrobial peptides at work: interaction of myxinidin and its mutant WMR with lipid bilayers mimicking the P. aeruginosa and E. coli membranes ▶     Lucia Lombardi, Marco Ignazio Stellato, Rosario Oliva et al.     Antimicrobial peptides are promising candidates as future therapeutics in order to face the problem of antibiotic resistance caused by pathogenic bacteria. Myxinidin is a peptide …             Neuronal entry and high neurotoxicity of botulinum neurotoxin A require its N-terminal binding sub-domain ▶     Jiafu Wang, Jianghui Meng, Marc Nugent et al.     Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are the most toxic proteins known, due to inhibiting the neuronal release of acetylcholine and causing flaccid paralysis. Most BoNT serotypes target …             Down regulation of ADAM33 as a Predictive Biomarker of Aggressive Breast Cancer ▶     Graciele C. M. Manica, Caroline F. Ribeiro, Marco A. S. de Oliveira et al.     Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease with differences in its clinical, molecular and biological features. Traditionally, immunohistochemical markers together with …             A phylogenetically distinctive and extremely heat stable light-driven proton pump from the eubacterium Rubrobacter xylanophilus DSM 9941T ▶     Kanae Kanehara, Susumu Yoshizawa, Takashi Tsukamoto et al.     Rhodopsins are proteins that contain seven transmembrane domains with a chromophore retinal and that function as photoreceptors for light-energy conversion and light-signal …             Phosphoproteomics Reveals HMGA1, a CK2 Substrate, as a Drug-Resistant Target in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer ▶     Yi-Ting Wang, Szu-Hua Pan, Chia-Feng Tsai et al.     Although EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have demonstrated good efficacy in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients harboring EGFR mutations, most patients develop …             Structural Basis of Eco1-Mediated Cohesin Acetylation ▶     William C. H. Chao, Benjamin O. Wade, Céline Bouchoux et al.     Sister-chromatid cohesion is established by Eco1-mediated acetylation on two conserved tandem lysines in the cohesin Smc3 subunit. However, the molecular basis of Eco1 substrate …             An mRNA decapping mutant deficient in P body assembly limits mRNA stabilization in response to osmotic stress ▶     Susanne Huch, Tracy Nissan     Yeast is exposed to changing environmental conditions and must adapt its genetic program to provide a homeostatic intracellular environment. An important stress for yeast in the …             Bidirectional Shifting Effects of the Sound Intensity on the Best Frequency in the Rat Auditory Cortex ▶     Can Tao, Guangwei Zhang, Chang Zhou et al.     Frequency and intensity are two independent attributes of sound stimuli. Psychoacoustic studies have found that the sound intensity can affect the perception of frequency; …             CCL2 nitration is a negative regulator of chemokine-mediated inflammation ▶     Catriona E. Barker, Sarah Thompson, Graeme O’Boyle et al.     Chemokines promote leukocyte recruitment during inflammation. The oxidative burst is an important effector mechanism, this leads to the generation of reactive nitrogen species …             Corrigendum: Epileptiform activity in the mouse visual cortex interferes with cortical processing in connected areas ▶     L. Petrucco, E. Pracucci, M. Brondi et al.                 Ndrg3 gene regulates DSB repair during meiosis through modulation the ERK signal pathway in the male germ cells ▶     Hongjie Pan, Xuan Zhang, Hanwei Jiang et al.     The N-myc downstream regulated gene (NDRG) family consists of 4 members, NDRG-1, -2, -3, -4. Physiologically, we found Ndrg3, a critical gene which led to homologous lethality in …             Erratum: Allometric analysis of a morphological anti-predator trait in geographic populations of Japanese crucian carp ▶     Sakie Kodama, Hiroka Fujimori, Hiroshi Hakoyama                 Acoustic effects during photosynthesis of aquatic plants enable new research opportunities ▶     Helmut G. Kratochvil, Michael Pollirer     Measurements of photosynthetic processes in hydrophytes mostly involve photosynthometers, which capture the escaping gas for subsequent analysis The most common method to detect …             Exercise rescues obese mothers’ insulin sensitivity, placental hypoxia and male offspring insulin sensitivity ▶     Denise S. Fernandez-Twinn, Geraldine Gascoin, Barbara Musial et al.     The prevalence of obesity during pregnancy continues to increase at alarming rates. This is concerning as in addition to immediate impacts on maternal wellbeing, obesity during …             Mecp2-mediated Epigenetic Silencing of miR-137 Contributes to Colorectal Adenoma-Carcinoma Sequence and Tumor Progression via Relieving the Suppression of c-Met ▶     Tao Chen, Shi-Lun Cai, Jian Li et al.     The molecular mechanisms underlying colorectal cancer (CRC) development remain elusive. In this study, we examined the miRNA and mRNA expressions in the adenoma-carcinoma …             Inhibitory interneuron circuits at cortical and spinal levels are associated with individual differences in corticomuscular coherence during isometric voluntary contraction ▶     Ryosuke Matsuya, Junichi Ushiyama, Junichi Ushiba     Corticomuscular coherence (CMC) is an oscillatory synchronization of 15–35 Hz (β-band) between electroencephalogram (EEG) of the sensorimotor cortex and electromyogram of …             Disease dynamics in a stochastic network game: a little empathy goes a long way in averting outbreaks ▶     Ceyhun Eksin, Jeff S. Shamma, Joshua S. Weitz     Individuals change their behavior during an epidemic in response to whether they and/or those they interact with are healthy or sick. Healthy individuals may utilize protective …             The core protein of a pestivirus protects the incoming virus against IFN-induced effectors ▶     Christiane Riedel, Benjamin Lamp, Benedikt Hagen et al.     A multitude of viral factors - either inhibiting the induction of the IFN-system or its effectors – have been described to date. However, little is known about the role of …             A potential and novel type transgenic corn plant for control of the Corn Borer ▶     Zhen Yue, Xiangrui Li, Enyan Zhang et al.     The corn borer is a world-wide agricultural pest. In this study, a full-length neuropeptide F (npf) gene in Ostrinia furnacalis was sequenced and cloned from a cDNA library, in …             TIR/BB-loop mimetic AS-1 attenuates cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury via a caveolae and caveolin-3-dependent mechanism ▶     Yuanping Hu, Meiling Zhang, Xin Shen et al.     AS-1, the TIR/BB loop mimetic, plays a protective role in cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) but the molecular mechanism remains unclear. The muscle specific caveolin3 (Cav-3) …             Epithelial LTβR signaling controls the population size of the progenitors of medullary thymic epithelial cells in neonatal mice ▶     Weiwei Wu, Yaoyao Shi, Huan Xia et al.     The establishment of T cell central tolerance critically relies on the development and maintenance of the medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs). Disrupted signaling of …             Steroidal[17,16-d]pyrimidines derived from dehydroepiandrosterone: A convenient synthesis, antiproliferation activity, structure-activity relationships, and role of heterocyclic moiety ▶     Shaoyong Ke, Liqiao Shi, Zhigang Zhang et al.     A series of steroidal[17,16-d]pyrimidines derived from dehydroepiandrosterone were designed and prepared by a convenient heterocyclization reaction. The in vitro anticancer …             Transcriptome analysis of a wild bird reveals physiological responses to the urban environment ▶     Hannah Watson, Elin Videvall, Martin N. Andersson et al.     Identifying the molecular basis of environmentally induced phenotypic variation presents exciting opportunities for furthering our understanding of how ecological processes and …             Sensitivity to oxazolone induced dermatitis is transferable with gut microbiota in mice ▶     Line Fisker Zachariassen, Lukasz Krych, Kåre Engkilde et al.     Atopic Dermatitis (AD) has been associated with gut microbiota (GM) dysbiosis in humans, indicating a causative role of GM in AD etiology. Furthermore, the GM strongly correlates …             Systematic errors in detecting biased agonism: Analysis of current methods and development of a new model-free approach ▶     H. Ongun Onaran, Caterina Ambrosio, Özlem Uğur et al.     Discovering biased agonists requires a method that can reliably distinguish the bias in signalling due to unbalanced activation of diverse transduction proteins from that of …             Site-to-site interdomain communication may mediate different loss-of-function mechanisms in a cancer-associated NQO1 polymorphism ▶     Encarnación Medina-Carmona, Jose L. Neira, Eduardo Salido et al.     Disease associated genetic variations often cause intracellular enzyme inactivation, dysregulation and instability. However, allosteric communication of mutational effects to …             The evolution of extreme cooperation via shared dysphoric experiences ▶     Harvey Whitehouse, Jonathan Jong, Michael D. Buhrmester et al.     Willingness to lay down one’s life for a group of non-kin, well documented historically and ethnographically, represents an evolutionary puzzle. Building on research in social …             Action observation activates neurons of the monkey ventrolateral prefrontal cortex ▶     Luciano Simone, Marco Bimbi, Francesca Rodà et al.     Prefrontal cortex is crucial for exploiting contextual information for the planning and guidance of behavioral responses. Among contextual cues, those provided by others’ …             TLR-exosomes exhibit distinct kinetics and effector function ▶     Swetha Srinivasan, Michelle Su, Shashidhar Ravishankar et al.     The innate immune system is vital to rapidly responding to pathogens and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a critical component of this response. Nanovesicular exosomes play a role …             Mining Outcome-relevant Brain Imaging Genetic Associations via Three-way Sparse Canonical Correlation Analysis in Alzheimer’s Disease ▶     Xiaoke Hao, Chanxiu Li, Lei Du et al.     Neuroimaging genetics is an emerging field that aims to identify the associations between genetic variants (e.g., single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)) and quantitative traits …             Exploring the under-investigated “microbial dark matter” of drinking water treatment plants ▶     Antonia Bruno, Anna Sandionigi, Ermanno Rizzi et al.     Scientists recently reported the unexpected detection of unknown or poorly studied bacterial diversity in groundwater. The ability to uncover this neglected biodiversity mainly …             Complementary transcriptomic and proteomic analyses reveal regulatory mechanisms of milk protein production in dairy cows consuming different forages ▶     Wenting Dai, Qiong Chen, Quanjuan Wang et al.     Forage plays a critical role in the milk production of dairy cows; however, the mechanisms regulating bovine milk synthesis in dairy cows fed high forage rations with different …             Neuronal ELAVL proteins utilize AUF-1 as a co-partner to induce neuron-specific alternative splicing of APP ▶     Apostolia Fragkouli, Pelagia Koukouraki, Ioannis S. Vlachos et al.     Aβ peptide that accumulates in Alzheimer’s disease brain, derives from proteolytic processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) that exists in three main isoforms derived by …             Hsp90 dependence of a kinase is determined by its conformational landscape ▶     Qi Luo, Edgar E. Boczek, Qi Wang et al.     Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is an abundant molecular chaperone, involved in the folding and activation of 60% of the human kinome. The oncogenic tyrosine kinase v-Src is one of …             Acquisition of the capsule locus by horizontal gene transfer in Neisseria meningitidis is often accompanied by the loss of UDP-GalNAc synthesis ▶     Stephanie N. Bartley, Shakeel Mowlaboccus, Christopher A. Mullally et al.     Pathogenic meningococci have acquired a 24 kb capsule synthesis island (cps) by horizontal gene transfer which consists of a synthetic locus and associated capsule transport …             Corrigendum: The citrus flavanone naringenin impairs dengue virus replication in human cells ▶     Sandra Frabasile, Andrea Cristine Koishi, Diogo Kuczera et al.                 Extracellular matrix and α5β1 integrin signaling control the maintenance of bone formation capacity by human adipose-derived stromal cells ▶     Nunzia Di Maggio, Elisa Martella, Agne Frismantiene et al.     Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells of human adipose tissue have the capacity to generate osteogenic grafts with intrinsic vasculogenic properties. However, adipose-derived …             Pramipexole restores depressed transmission in the ventral hippocampus following MPTP-lesion ▶     Javier Castro-Hernández, Paul A. Adlard, David I. Finkelstein     The hippocampus has a significant association with memory, cognition and emotions. The dopaminergic projections from both the ventral tegmental area and substantia nigra are …             Activated hepatic stellate cells impair NK cell anti-fibrosis capacity through a TGF-β-dependent emperipolesis in HBV cirrhotic patients ▶     Jijing Shi, Juanjuan Zhao, Xin Zhang et al.     Natural killer (NK) cells can induce liver fibrosis remission by killing hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and producing interferon (IFN)-γ in a mouse model; however, their …             Atrial structure, function and arrhythmogenesis in aged and frail mice ▶     Hailey J. Jansen, Motahareh Moghtadaei, Martin Mackasey et al.     Atrial fibrillation (AF) is prevalent in aging populations; however not all individuals age at the same rate. Instead, individuals of the same chronological age can vary in …             SLX4 Prevents GEN1-Dependent DSBs During DNA Replication Arrest Under Pathological Conditions in Human Cells ▶     Eva Malacaria, Annapaola Franchitto, Pietro Pichierri     SLX4 is a versatile protein serving as docking for multiple structure-specific endonucleases during DNA repair, however, little is known about its function at demised replication …             Chemometric analysis reveals links in the formation of fragrant bio-molecules during agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis) and fungal interactions ▶     Supriyo Sen, Madhusmita Dehingia, Narayan Chandra Talukdar et al.     Fragrant agarwood, arguably the costliest wood in the world, is formed by plant-fungal interactions in Aquilaria spp. However, very little is known about this fragrant outcome of …             Mapping cell surface adhesion by rotation tracking and adhesion footprinting ▶     Isaac T. S. Li, Taekjip Ha, Yann R. Chemla     Rolling adhesion, in which cells passively roll along surfaces under shear flow, is a critical process involved in inflammatory responses and cancer metastasis. Surface adhesion …             Gut dysbiosis and neuroimmune responses to brain infection with Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis virus ▶     F. J. Carrillo-Salinas, L. Mestre, M. Mecha et al.     Recent studies have begun to point out the contribution of microbiota to multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis. Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis virus induced demyelinating …             Identification of accessory olfactory system and medial amygdala in the zebrafish ▶     Daniela Biechl, Kristin Tietje, Soojin Ryu et al.     Zebrafish larvae imprint on visual and olfactory cues of their kin on day 5 and 6 postfertilization, respectively. Only imprinted (but not non-imprinted) larvae show strongly …             Microbial communities of aquatic environments on Heard Island characterized by pyrotag sequencing and environmental data ▶     Michelle A. Allen, Ricardo Cavicchioli     Heard Island in the Southern Ocean is a biological hotspot that is suffering the effects of climate change. Significant glacier retreat has generated proglacial lagoons, some of …             Ectopic expression of Arabidopsis FD and FD PARALOGUE in rice results in dwarfism with size reduction of spikelets ▶     Seonghoe Jang, Hsing-Yi Li, Mei-Lin Kuo     Key flowering genes, FD and FD PARALOGUE (FDP) encoding bZIP transcription factors that interact with a FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) in Arabidopsis were ectopically expressed in rice …             Antagonizing effects of membrane-acting androgens on the eicosanoid receptor OXER1 in prostate cancer ▶     Konstantina Kalyvianaki, Veronika Gebhart, Nikolaos Peroulis et al.     Accumulating evidence during the last decades revealed that androgen can exert membrane initiated actions that involve signaling via specific kinases and the modulation of …             High binding affinity of repressor IolR avoids costs of untimely induction of myo-inositol utilization by Salmonella Typhimurium ▶     Jessica Hellinckx, Ralf Heermann, Angela Felsl et al.     Growth of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strain 14028 with myo-inositol (MI) is characterized by a bistable phenotype that manifests with an extraordinarily long (34 h) …             Nutritional control of IL-23/Th17-mediated autoimmune disease through HO-1/STAT3 activation ▶     Jürgen Brück, Julia Holstein, Ivana Glocova et al.     The nutritional curcumin (CUR) is beneficial in cell-mediated autoimmune diseases. The molecular mechanisms underlying this food-mediated silencing of inflammatory immune …             Discovery of Cellulose Surface Layer Conformation by Nonlinear Vibrational Spectroscopy ▶     Libing Zhang, Li Fu, Hong-fei Wang et al.     Significant questions remain in respect to cellulose’s structure and polymorphs, particularly the cellulose surface layers and the bulk crystalline core as well as the …             Abseq: Ultrahigh-throughput single cell protein profiling with droplet microfluidic barcoding ▶     Payam Shahi, Samuel C. Kim, John R. Haliburton et al.     Proteins are the primary effectors of cellular function, including cellular metabolism, structural dynamics, and information processing. However, quantitative characterization of …             Porewater methane transport within the gas vesicles of diurnally migrating Chaoborus spp.: An energetic advantage ▶     Daniel F. McGinnis, Sabine Flury, Kam W. Tang et al.     Diurnally-migrating Chaoborus spp. reach populations of up to 130,000 individuals m−2 in lakes up to 70 meters deep on all continents except Antarctica. Linked to eutrophication, …             Identification of Elongated Primary Cilia with Impaired Mechanotransduction in Idiopathic Scoliosis Patients ▶     Niaz Oliazadeh, Kristen F. Gorman, Robert Eveleigh et al.     The primary cilium is an outward projecting antenna-like organelle with an important role in bone mechanotransduction. The capacity to sense mechanical stimuli can affect …             Continuous-flow DNP polarizer for MRI applications at 1.5 T ▶     V. Denysenkov, M. Terekhov, R. Maeder et al.     Here we describe a new hyperpolarization approach for magnetic resonance imaging applications at 1.5 T. Proton signal enhancements of more than 20 were achieved with a newly …             In situ self-assembly of gold nanoparticles on hydrophilic and hydrophobic substrates for influenza virus-sensing platform ▶     Syed Rahin Ahmed, Jeonghyo Kim, Van Tan Tran et al.     Nanomaterials without chemical linkers or physical interactions that reside on a two-dimensional surface are attractive because of their electronic, optical and catalytic …             Expression and characterization of Pantoea CO dehydrogenase to utilize CO-containing industrial waste gas for expanding the versatility of CO dehydrogenase ▶     Eun Sil Choi, Kyoungseon Min, Geun-Joong Kim et al.     Although aerobic CO dehydrogenases (CODHs) might be applicable in various fields, their practical applications have been hampered by low activity and no heterologous expression. …             Overexpression of decorin promoted angiogenesis in diabetic cardiomyopathy via IGF1R-AKT-VEGF signaling ▶     Jinsheng Lai, Fuqiong Chen, Jing Chen et al.     Microcirculatory dysfunction is believed to play an important role in diabetic cardiomyopathy. The small leucine-rich proteoglycan decorin is generally considered a …             Analysis of SOD1 mutations in a Chinese population with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a case-control study and literature review ▶     QianQian Wei, QingQing Zhou, YongPing Chen et al.     Although the copper/zinc superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1) gene has been identified in both familial ALS (FALS) and sporadic ALS (SALS), it has rarely been studied in Chinese …             Quantification of arthritic bone degradation by analysis of 3D micro-computed tomography data ▶     Carl-Magnus Svensson, Bianca Hoffmann, Ingo M. Irmler et al.     The use of animal models of arthritis is a key component in the evaluation of therapeutic strategies against the human disease rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here we present …             The development of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays for the rapid authentication of five forbidden vegetables in strict vegetarian diets ▶     Meng-Shiou Lee, Ting-Ying Su, Yi-Yang Lien et al.     Plant-based food ingredients such as garlic, Chinese leek, Chinese onion, green onion and onion are widely used in many cuisines around the world. However, these ingredients …             Cardiac Autonomic Alteration and Metabolic Syndrome: An Ambulatory ECG-based Study in A General Population ▶     Yan Ma, Ping-Huei Tseng, Andrew Ahn et al.     Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been associated with chronic damage to the cardiovascular system. This study aimed to evaluate early stage cardiac autonomic dysfunction with …             Inhibition of leukotriene B4 receptor 1 attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced cardiac dysfunction: role of AMPK-regulated mitochondrial function ▶     Meng Sun, Rui Wang, Qinghua Han     Leukotriene B4 (LTB4)-mediated leukocyte recruitment and inflammatory cytokine production make crucial contributions to chronic inflammation and sepsis; however, the role of LTB4 …             Emerin plays a crucial role in nuclear invagination and in the nuclear calcium transient ▶     Masaya Shimojima, Shinsuke Yuasa, Chikaaki Motoda et al.     Alteration of the nuclear Ca2+ transient is an early event in cardiac remodeling. Regulation of the nuclear Ca2+ transient is partly independent of the cytosolic Ca2+ transient …             ICOSL expression in human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells promotes induction of regulatory T cells ▶     Hyun-Joo Lee, Si-Na Kim, Myung-Shin Jeon et al.     Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can modulate lymphocyte proliferation and function. One of the immunomodulatory functions of MSCs involves CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells …                       An online-only, open access, multidisciplinary journal dedicated to publishing high-quality original research articles, reviews, editorials, commentaries, and hypothesis generating observations on all areas of breast cancer research. Part of the Nature Partner Journals series, published in partnership with the Breast Cancer Research Foundation. 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