Scientific Reports Biology Table of Contents e-alert: 8 March 2016

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08 March 2016      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports               nature.com webcasts Join us for our upcoming webcast with live Q&A: COMBATING ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE Presented by BioPharma Dealmakers Date: Wednesday, March 9, 2016 Time: 8AM PST, 11AM EST, 4PM GMT, 5PM CET REGISTER FOR FREE Sponsored by: Antabio, Cempra, Helperby, Motif Bio, Polyphor                 Biological Sciences               A systematic method to identify modulation of transcriptional regulation via chromatin activity reveals regulatory network during mESC differentiation ▶     Zhana Duren, Yong Wang     Chromatin regulators (CRs) are crucial for connecting the chromatin level and transcriptome level by modulating chromatin structures, establishing, and maintaining epigenetic …             Whole genome sequencing identifies a novel species of the genus Capnocytophaga isolated from dog and cat bite wounds in humans ▶     Salah Zangenah, Nasir Abbasi, Anders F. Andersson et al.     C. canimorsus and C. cynodegmi are dog and cat commensals which can be transmitted to humans via bites or scratches and can cause sepsis, meningitis, endocarditis, and eye- or …             Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibodies against Disparate Epitopes on Ricin Toxin’s Enzymatic Subunit Interfere with Intracellular Toxin Transport ▶     Anastasiya Yermakova, Tove Irene Klokk, Joanne M. O’Hara et al.     Ricin is a member of the A-B family of bacterial and plant toxins that exploit retrograde trafficking to the Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) as a means to deliver …             Mechanical insights into ribosomal progression overcoming RNA G-quadruplex from periodical translation suppression in cells ▶     Tamaki Endoh, Naoki Sugimoto     G-quadruplexes formed on DNA and RNA can be roadblocks to movement of polymerases and ribosome on template nucleotides. Although folding and unfolding processes of the …             Non-coding RNA LINC00473 mediates decidualization of human endometrial stromal cells in response to cAMP signaling ▶     Xiao-Huan Liang, Wen-Bo Deng, Yue-Fang Liu et al.     Decidualization is an essential step in the establishment of pregnancy. However, the functional contributions of long intergenic noncoding RNAs (LincRNAs) to decidualization have …             Sharing self-related information is associated with intrinsic functional connectivity of cortical midline brain regions ▶     Dar Meshi, Loreen Mamerow, Evgeniya Kirilina et al.     Human beings are social animals and they vary in the degree to which they share information about themselves with others. Although brain networks involved in self-related …             Formation and Geological Sequestration of Uranium Nanoparticles in Deep Granitic Aquifer ▶     Yohey Suzuki, Hiroki Mukai, Toyoho Ishimura et al.     The stimulation of bacterial activities that convert hexavalent uranium, U(VI), to tetravalent uranium, U(IV), appears to be feasible for cost-effective remediation of …             Stable Nuclear Transformation System for the Coccolithophorid Alga Pleurochrysis carterae ▶     Hirotoshi Endo, Megumi Yoshida, Toshiki Uji et al.     Of the three dominant marine microalgal groups, dinoflagellates and diatoms can undergo genetic transformation; however, no transformation method has been established for …             Investigation of the cause of geographic disparities in IDEXX ELISA sensitivity in serum samples from Mycobacterium bovis-infected cattle ▶     Brett Trost, Tod Stuber, Om Surujballi et al.     Accurately identifying Mycobacterium bovis-infected cattle is critical for bovine tuberculosis prevention and control. One method for identifying infected cattle is an ELISA …             Role of surgery in patients with focally progressive gastrointestinal stromal tumors resistant to imatinib ▶     Xiaodong Gao, Anwei Xue, Yong Fang et al.     The benefits of surgery for focally progressive gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) during imatinib therapy are still in discussion. The aim of this study was to compare the …             Increasing TRPV4 expression restores flow-induced dilation impaired in mesenteric arteries with aging ▶     Juan Du, Xia Wang, Jie Li et al.     The flow-stimulated intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) rise in endothelial cells is an important early event leading to flow-induced blood vessel dilation. Transient …             Temozolomide-perillyl alcohol conjugate induced reactive oxygen species accumulation contributes to its cytotoxicity against non-small cell lung cancer ▶     Xingguo Song, Li Xie, Xingwu Wang et al.     Temozolomide-perillyl alcohol conjugate (TMZ − POH), a novel temozolomide analog, was reported to play a cytotoxic role in triple-negative breast cancer and TMZ-resistant …             Genome-wide characterization and analysis of bZIP transcription factor gene family related to abiotic stress in cassava ▶     Wei Hu, Hubiao Yang, Yan Yan et al.     The basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor family plays crucial roles in various aspects of biological processes. Currently, no information is available regarding the …             Seismic air gun exposure during early-stage embryonic development does not negatively affect spiny lobster Jasus edwardsii larvae (Decapoda:Palinuridae) ▶     Ryan D. Day, Robert D. McCauley, Quinn P. Fitzgibbon et al.     Marine seismic surveys are used to explore for sub-seafloor oil and gas deposits. These surveys are conducted using air guns, which release compressed air to create intense sound …             Insulin Resistance in Human iPS Cells Reduces Mitochondrial Size and Function ▶     Alison M. Burkart, Kelly Tan, Laura Warren et al.     Insulin resistance, a critical component of type 2 diabetes (T2D), precedes and predicts T2D onset. T2D is also associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. To define the …             Subcortical cytoskeleton periodicity throughout the nervous system ▶     Elisa D’Este, Dirk Kamin, Caroline Velte et al.     Superresolution fluorescence microscopy recently revealed a ~190 nm periodic cytoskeleton lattice consisting of actin, spectrin, and other proteins underneath the membrane of …             Emergence of a novel bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) prion from an atypical H-type BSE ▶     Kentaro Masujin, Hiroyuki Okada, Kohtaro Miyazawa et al.     The H-type of atypical bovine spongiform encephalopathy (H-BSE) was serially passaged in bovinized transgenic (TgBoPrP) mice. At the fourth passage, most challenged mice showed a …             NECAB3 Promotes Activation of Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 during Normoxia and Enhances Tumourigenicity of Cancer Cells ▶     Hiroki J. Nakaoka, Toshiro Hara, Seiko Yoshino et al.     Unlike most cells, cancer cells activate hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) to use glycolysis even at normal oxygen levels, or normoxia. Therefore, HIF-1 is an attractive target …             Structure of Main Protease from Human Coronavirus NL63: Insights for Wide Spectrum Anti-Coronavirus Drug Design ▶     Fenghua Wang, Cheng Chen, Wenjie Tan et al.     First identified in The Netherlands in 2004, human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63) was found to cause worldwide infections. Patients infected by HCoV-NL63 are typically young …             Mechanisms involved in xyloglucan catabolism by the cellulosome-producing bacterium Ruminiclostridium cellulolyticum ▶     Julie Ravachol, Pascale de Philip, Romain Borne et al.     Xyloglucan, a ubiquitous highly branched plant polysaccharide, was found to be rapidly degraded and metabolized by the cellulosome-producing bacterium Ruminiclostridium …             A covalent and cleavable antibody-DNA conjugation strategy for sensitive protein detection via immuno-PCR ▶     Jessie A. G. L. van Buggenum, Jan P. Gerlach, Selma Eising et al.     Immuno-PCR combines specific antibody-based protein detection with the sensitivity of PCR-based quantification through the use of antibody-DNA conjugates. The production of such …             Combination Therapy using Co-encapsulated Resveratrol and Paclitaxel in Liposomes for Drug Resistance Reversal in Breast Cancer Cells in vivo ▶     Jie Meng, Fangqin Guo, Haiyan Xu et al.     Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major impediment to cancer treatment. A promising strategy for treating MDR is the joint delivery of combined anticancer agents to tumor cells in …             Dynamic secondary degeneration in the spinal cord and ventral root after a focal cerebral infarction among hypertensive rats ▶     Ge Dang, Xinran Chen, Yicong Chen et al.     Cerebral infarction can cause secondary damage to nonischemic brain regions. However, whether this phenomenon will appear in central nervous system regions outside the brain …             Soluble amyloid beta oligomers block the learning-induced increase in hippocampal sharp wave-ripple rate and impair spatial memory formation ▶     Olivier Nicole, Senka Hadzibegovic, Judyta Gajda et al.     Post-learning hippocampal sharp wave-ripples (SWRs) generated during slow wave sleep are thought to play a crucial role in memory formation. While in Alzheimer’s disease, …             An integrative approach to investigate the respective roles of single-nucleotide variants and copy-number variants in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ▶     Leandro de Araújo Lima, Ana Cecília Feio-dos-Santos, Sintia Iole Belangero et al.     Many studies have attempted to investigate the genetic susceptibility of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), but without much success. The present study aimed to …             Discovery of a Biological Mechanism of Active Transport through the Tympanic Membrane to the Middle Ear ▶     Arwa Kurabi, Kwang K. Pak, Marlen Bernhardt et al.     Otitis media (OM) is a common pediatric disease for which systemic antibiotics are often prescribed. While local treatment would avoid the systemic treatment side-effects, the …             Visual tuning and metrical perception of realistic point-light dance movements ▶     Yi-Huang Su     Humans move to music spontaneously, and this sensorimotor coupling underlies musical rhythm perception. The present research proposed that, based on common action representation, …             The loop structure and the RNA helicase p72/DDX17 influence the processing efficiency of the mice miR-132 ▶     Judit Remenyi, Sarah Bajan, Frances V. Fuller-Pace et al.     miRNAs are small RNAs that are key regulators of gene expression in eukaryotic organisms. The processing of miRNAs is regulated by structural characteristics of the RNA and is …             Forgetting of long-term memory requires activation of NMDA receptors, L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels, and calcineurin ▶     Ricardo Marcelo Sachser, Fabiana Santana, Ana Paula Crestani et al.     In the past decades, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying memory consolidation, reconsolidation, and extinction have been well characterized. However, the …             The identification of age-associated cancer markers by an integrative analysis of dynamic DNA methylation changes ▶     Yihan Wang, Jingyu Zhang, Xingjun Xiao et al.     As one of the most widely studied epigenetic modifications, DNA methylation has an important influence on human traits and cancers. Dynamic variations in DNA methylation have …             Antifungal activity, kinetics and molecular mechanism of action of garlic oil against Candida albicans ▶     Wen-Ru Li, Qing-Shan Shi, Huan-Qin Dai et al.     The antifungal activity, kinetics, and molecular mechanism of action of garlic oil against Candida albicans were investigated in this study using multiple methods. Using the …             Influence of cyclosporine A on glomerular growth and the effect of mizoribine and losartan on cyclosporine nephrotoxicity in young rats ▶     Ji Hong Kim, Yeon Hee Lee, Beom Jin Lim et al.     The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of cyclosporine A (CsA) on glomerular growth and the effect of mizoribine (MZR) and losartan (LSAR) on CsA-induced nephropathy …             Soil gross nitrogen transformations along the Northeast China Transect (NECT) and their response to simulated rainfall events ▶     Jin-bo Zhang, Liang Wang, Wei Zhao et al.     Climate changes are predicted to increase extreme rainfall events in semiarid and arid region in Northern Hemisphere. Nutrient cycles will be affected by the precipitation …             Mitochondria-targeted Triphenylamine Derivatives Activatable by Two-Photon Excitation for Triggering and Imaging Cell Apoptosis ▶     Rahima Chennoufi, Houcine Bougherara, Nathalie Gagey-Eilstein et al.     Photodynamic therapy (PDT) leads to cell death by using a combination of a photosensitizer and an external light source for the production of lethal doses of reactive oxygen …             HHV-8-unrelated primary effusion-like lymphoma associated with clonal loss of inherited chromosomally-integrated human herpesvirus-6A from the telomere of chromosome 19q ▶     Enjie Zhang, Victoria E. Cotton, Alberto Hidalgo-Bravo et al.     Primary effusion lymphomas (PEL) are associated with human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) and usually occur in immunocompromised individuals. However, there are numerous reports of …             Influence of aging on the quantity and quality of human cardiac stem cells ▶     Tamami Nakamura, Tohru Hosoyama, Daichi Kawamura et al.     Advanced age affects various tissue-specific stem cells and decreases their regenerative ability. We therefore examined whether aging affected the quantity and quality of cardiac …             Aldo-keto Reductase Family 1 Member B 10 Mediates Liver Cancer Cell Proliferation through Sphingosine-1-Phosphate ▶     Junfei Jin, Weijia Liao, Wenmin Yao et al.     AKR1B10 is involved in hepatocarcinogenesis via modulation of fatty acid and lipid synthesis. AKR1B10 inhibition results in apoptosis of tumor cells whose lipids, especially …             SmMYC2a and SmMYC2b played similar but irreplaceable roles in regulating the biosynthesis of tanshinones and phenolic acids in Salvia miltiorrhiza ▶     Yangyun Zhou, Wei Sun, Junfeng Chen et al.     Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, which contains tanshinones and phenolic acids as major classes of bioactive components, is one of the most widely used herbs in traditional Chinese …             A sandwich-type electrochemical immunosensor based on the biotin- streptavidin-biotin structure for detection of human immunoglobulin G ▶     Yueyun Li, Yihe Zhang, Liping Jiang et al.     A sandwich-type immunosensor is designed and fabricated to detect the human immunoglobulin G (HIgG) using polyaniline and tin dioxide functionalized graphene (GS-SnO2-PAN) as the …             Stalking influenza by vaccination with pre-fusion headless HA mini-stem ▶     Sophie A. Valkenburg, V. Vamsee Aditya Mallajosyula, Olive T. W. Li et al.     Inaccuracies in prediction of circulating viral strain genotypes and the possibility of novel reassortants causing a pandemic outbreak necessitate the development of an …             Erratum: Conformational dynamics is key to understanding loss-of-function of NQO1 cancer-associated polymorphisms and its correction by pharmacological ligands ▶     Encarnación Medina-Carmona, Rogelio J. Palomino-Morales, Julian E. Fuchs et al.                 Corrigendum: Cultural traditions across a migratory network shape the genetic structure of southern right whales around Australia and New Zealand ▶     E. L. Carroll, C. S. Baker, M. Watson et al.                 Corrigendum: Critical roles for murine Reck in the regulation of vascular patterning and stabilization ▶     Glícia Maria de Almeida, Mako Yamamoto, Yoko Morioka et al.                 Age-associated metabolic dysregulation in bone marrow-derived macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide ▶     Fan Fei, Keith M. Lee, Brian E. McCarry et al.     Macrophages are major contributors to age-associated inflammation. Metabolic processes such as oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis and the urea cycle regulate inflammatory …             Corrigendum: Functional identification of SLC43A3 as an equilibrative nucleobase transporter involved in purine salvage in mammals ▶     Junji Furukawa, Katsuhisa Inoue, Junya Maeda et al.                 Action-space coding in social contexts ▶     Francesca Ciardo, Luisa Lugli, Roberto Nicoletti et al.     In two behavioural experiments we tested whether performing a spatial task along with another agent changes space representation by rendering some reference frames more/less …             Channel based generating function approach to the stochastic Hodgkin-Huxley neuronal system ▶     Anqi Ling, Yandong Huang, Jianwei Shuai et al.     Internal and external fluctuations, such as channel noise and synaptic noise, contribute to the generation of spontaneous action potentials in neurons. Many different Langevin …             Corrigendum: ScbR- and ScbR2-mediated signal transduction networks coordinate complex physiological responses in Streptomyces coelicolor ▶     Xiao Li, Juan Wang, Shanshan Li et al.                 An Evaluation of Active Learning Causal Discovery Methods for Reverse-Engineering Local Causal Pathways of Gene Regulation ▶     Sisi Ma, Patrick Kemmeren, Constantin F. Aliferis et al.     Reverse-engineering of causal pathways that implicate diseases and vital cellular functions is a fundamental problem in biomedicine. Discovery of the local causal pathway of a …             Mitochondrial coding genome analysis of tropical root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne) supports haplotype based diagnostics and reveals evidence of recent reticulate evolution ▶     Toon Janssen, Gerrit Karssen, Myrtle Verhaeven et al.     The polyphagous parthenogenetic root-knot nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne are considered to be the most significant nematode pest in sub-tropical and tropical agriculture. …             Metagenomic evidence for taxonomic dysbiosis and functional imbalance in the gastrointestinal tracts of children with cystic fibrosis ▶     Ohad Manor, Roie Levy, Christopher E. Pope et al.     Cystic fibrosis (CF) results in inflammation, malabsorption of fats and other nutrients, and obstruction in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, yet the mechanisms linking these …             The γH2AX DNA damage assay from a drop of blood ▶     Daniel Heylmann, Bernd Kaina     DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) and blocked replication forks activate the DNA damage response (DDR), a signaling pathway marked by phosphorylation of histone 2AX (H2AX). The …             Autologous transplantation of intestine-isolated glia cells improves neuropathology and restores cognitive deficits in β amyloid-induced neurodegeneration ▶     Giuseppe Esposito, Giovanni Sarnelli, Elena Capoccia et al.     Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by chronic deposition of β-amyloid (Aβ) in the brain, progressive neurodegeneration and consequent cognitive and behavioral deficits …             Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) dynamics evidence immunomodulation during ISAV-Infected Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) ▶     Sebastian Boltaña, Diego Valenzuela-Miranda, Andrea Aguilar et al.     Despite evidence for participation in the host response to infection, the roles of many long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) remain unknown. Therefore, the aims of this study were to …             Maternal Cortisol Mediates Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Interrenal Axis Development in Zebrafish ▶     Dinushan Nesan, Mathilakath M. Vijayan     In zebrafish (Danio rerio), de novo synthesis of cortisol in response to stressor exposure commences only after hatch. Maternally deposited cortisol is present during …             Changes in the morphology and protein expression of germ cells and Sertoli cells in plateau pikas testes during non-breeding season ▶     Ming Liu, Guangming Cao, Yanming Zhang et al.     Plateau pikas are seasonally breeding small herbivores that inhabit the meadow ecosystem of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Testis regression in plateau pikas begins in early June, …             HoxD expression in the fin-fold compartment of basal gnathostomes and implications for paired appendage evolution ▶     Frank J. Tulenko, Gaius J. Augustus, James L. Massey et al.     The role of Homeobox transcription factors during fin and limb development have been the focus of recent work investigating the evolutionary origin of limb-specific morphologies. …             Fluorescent sperm offer a method for tracking the real-time success of ejaculates when they compete to fertilise eggs ▶     Rowan A. Lymbery, W. Jason Kennington, Jonathan P. Evans     Despite intensive research effort, many uncertainties remain in the field of gamete-level sexual selection, particularly in understanding how sperm from different males interact …             Dust Rains Deliver Diverse Assemblages of Microorganisms to the Eastern Mediterranean ▶     Ghida Nouhad Itani, Colin Andrew Smith     Dust rains may be particularly effective at delivering microorganisms, yet their biodiversities have been seldom examined. During 2011 and 2012 in Beirut, Lebanon, 16 of 21 …             Dragon kings of the deep sea: marine particles deviate markedly from the common number-size spectrum ▶     Alexander B. Bochdansky, Melissa A. Clouse, Gerhard J. Herndl     Particles are the major vector for the transfer of carbon from the upper ocean to the deep sea. However, little is known about their abundance, composition and role at depths …             Forest dynamics and its driving forces of sub-tropical forest in South China ▶     Lei Ma, Juyu Lian, Guojun Lin et al.     Tree mortality and recruitment are key factors influencing forest dynamics, but the driving mechanisms of these processes remain unclear. To better understand these driving …             A mix-and-read drop-based in vitro two-hybrid method for screening high-affinity peptide binders ▶     Naiwen Cui, Huidan Zhang, Nils Schneider et al.     Drop-based microfluidics have recently become a novel tool by providing a stable linkage between phenotype and genotype for high throughput screening. However, use of drop-based …             Genetic diversity and population structure of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subspecies bulgaricus isolated from naturally fermented dairy foods ▶     Yuqin Song, Zhihong Sun, Chenyi Guo et al.     Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus is one of the most widely used starter culture strains in industrial fermented dairy manufacture. It is also common in naturally …             Acetylation mimic of lysine 280 exacerbates human Tau neurotoxicity in vivo ▶     Marianna Karina Gorsky, Sylvie Burnouf, Jacqueline Dols et al.     Dysfunction and accumulation of the microtubule-associated human Tau (hTau) protein into intraneuronal aggregates is observed in many neurodegenerative disorders including …             Monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells from females, but not males, alleviate CVB3-induced myocarditis by increasing regulatory and CD4+IL-10+ T cells ▶     Nan Su, Yan Yue, Sidong Xiong     Coxsackievirus group B type 3 (CVB3) is a common etiologic agent of viral myocarditis and often causes sexually dimorphic myocarditis with increased incidence and mortality in …             Evolutionary diversification of the BetaM interactome acquired through co-option of the ATP1B4 gene in placental mammals ▶     Tatyana V. Korneenko, Nikolay B. Pestov, Nisar Ahmad et al.     ATP1B4 genes represent a rare instance of orthologous vertebrate gene co-option that radically changed properties of the encoded BetaM proteins, which function as Na,K-ATPase …             Vision-based Nano Robotic System for High-throughput Non-embedded Cell Cutting ▶     Wanfeng Shang, Haojian Lu, Wenfeng Wan et al.     Cell cutting is a significant task in biology study, but the highly productive non-embedded cell cutting is still a big challenge for current techniques. This paper proposes a …             CC chemokine receptor 10 cell surface presentation in melanocytes is regulated by the novel interaction partner S100A10 ▶     F. Hessner, C. P. Dlugos, T. Chehab et al.     The superfamily of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) conveys signals in response to various endogenous and exogenous stimuli. Consequently, GPCRs are the most important drug …             Photodynamic killing of cancer cells by a Platinum(II) complex with cyclometallating ligand ▶     Rachel E. Doherty, Igor V. Sazanovich, Luke K. McKenzie et al.     Photodynamic therapy that uses photosensitizers which only become toxic upon light-irradiation provides a strong alternative to conventional cancer treatment due to its ability …             Phylogenic analysis of adhesion related genes Mad1 revealed a positive selection for the evolution of trapping devices of nematode-trapping fungi ▶     Juan Li, Yue Liu, Hongyan Zhu et al.     Adhesions, the major components of the extracellular fibrillar polymers which accumulate on the outer surface of adhesive traps of nematode-trapping fungi, are thought to have …             High throughput sequencing of small RNAs transcriptomes in two Crassostrea oysters identifies microRNAs involved in osmotic stress response ▶     Xuelin Zhao, Hong Yu, Lingfeng Kong et al.     Increasing evidence suggests that microRNAs post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression and are involved in responses to biotic and abiotic stress. However, the role of …             Intra-epidemic evolutionary dynamics of a Dengue virus type 1 population reveal mutant spectra that correlate with disease transmission ▶     Hapuarachchige Chanditha Hapuarachchi, Carmen Koo, Relus Kek et al.     Dengue virus (DENV) is currently the most prevalent mosquito-borne viral pathogen. DENVs naturally exist as highly heterogeneous populations. Even though the descriptions on DENV …             The pathway of ligand entry from the membrane bilayer to a lipid G protein-coupled receptor ▶     Nathaniel Stanley, Leonardo Pardo, Gianni De Fabritiis     The binding process through the membrane bilayer of lipid-like ligands to a protein target is an important but poorly explored recognition process at the atomic level. In this …             DHA Suppresses Primary Macrophage Inflammatory Responses via Notch 1/ Jagged 1 Signaling ▶     Mehboob Ali, Kathryn Heyob, Lynette K. Rogers     Persistent macrophages were observed in the lungs of murine offspring exposed to maternal LPS and neonatal hyperoxia. Maternal docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation …             Corrigendum: Chimera-like States in Modular Neural Networks ▶     Johanne Hizanidis, Nikos E. Kouvaris, Gorka Zamora-López et al.                 Lepidopteran defence droplets - a composite physical and chemical weapon against potential predators ▶     Stefan Pentzold, Mika Zagrobelny, Bekzod Khakimov et al.     Insects often release noxious substances for their defence. Larvae of Zygaena filipendulae (Lepidoptera) secrete viscous and cyanogenic glucoside-containing droplets, whose …             Corrigendum: Role of transcription factor-mediated nucleosome disassembly in PHO5 gene expression ▶     Hungyo Kharerin, Paike J. Bhat, John F. Marko et al.                 Corrigendum: Targeting miR-155 to Treat Experimental Scleroderma ▶     Qingran Yan, Jie Chen, Wei Li et al.                 Light-evoked hyperpolarization and silencing of neurons by conjugated polymers ▶     Paul Feyen, Elisabetta Colombo, Duco Endeman et al.     The ability to control and modulate the action potential firing in neurons represents a powerful tool for neuroscience research and clinical applications. While neuronal …             Oral Immunization of Rabbits with S. enterica Typhimurium Expressing Neisseria gonorrhoeae Filamentous Phage Φ6 Induces Bactericidal Antibodies Against N. gonorrhoeae ▶     Andrzej Piekarowicz, Aneta Kłyż, Michał Majchrzak et al.     All Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains whose DNA sequences have been determined possess filamentous phage DNA sequences. To ascertain if phage encoded proteins could form the basis of …             Dimensionality Reduction Based Optimization Algorithm for Sparse 3-D Image Reconstruction in Diffuse Optical Tomography ▶     Tanmoy Bhowmik, Hanli Liu, Zhou Ye et al.     Diffuse optical tomography (DOT) is a relatively low cost and portable imaging modality for reconstruction of optical properties in a highly scattering medium, such as human …             Fermented Sipjeondaebo-tang Alleviates Memory Deficits and Loss of Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Scopolamine-induced Amnesia in Mice ▶     Hee Ra Park, Heeeun Lee, Hwayong Park et al.     We investigated the anti-amnesic effects of SJ and fermented SJ (FSJ) on scopolamine (SCO)-induced amnesia mouse model. Mice were orally co-treated with SJ or FSJ (125, 250, and …             Reversible control of current across lipid membranes by local heating ▶     Patrick Urban, Silke R. Kirchner, Christian Mühlbauer et al.     Lipid membranes are almost impermeable for charged molecules and ions that can pass the membrane barrier only with the help of specialized transport proteins. Here, we report how …             Mevalonate-derived quinonemethide triterpenoid from in vitro roots of Peritassa laevigata and their localization in root tissue by MALDI imaging ▶     Edieidia S. Pina, Denise B. Silva, Simone P. Teixeira et al.     Biosynthetic investigation of quinonemethide triterpenoid 22β-hydroxy-maytenin (2) from in vitro root cultures of Peritassa laevigata (Celastraceae) was conducted using 13…             An Unexpected Transient Breakdown of the Blood Brain Barrier Triggers Passage of Large Intravenously Administered Nanoparticles ▶     Nicole M. Smith, Ivana Gachulincova, Diwei Ho et al.     The highly restrictive blood-brain barrier (BBB) plays a critically important role in maintaining brain homeostasis and is pivotal for proper neuronal function. The BBB is …             Detection of hydrogen cyanide from oral anaerobes by cavity ring down spectroscopy ▶     Wen Chen, Kajsa Roslund, Christopher L. Fogarty et al.     Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) has been recognized as a potential biomarker for non-invasive diagnosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in the lung. However, the oral cavity is a …             Class III-specific HDAC inhibitor Tenovin-6 induces apoptosis, suppresses migration and eliminates cancer stem cells in uveal melanoma ▶     Wei Dai, Jingfeng Zhou, Bei Jin et al.     Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common intraocular malignancy in adults. Despite improvements in surgical, radiation and chemotherapy treatments, the overall survival of UM and …             SIRT1 alleviates senescence of degenerative human intervertebral disc cartilage endo-plate cells via the p53/p21 pathway ▶     Nian Zhou, Xin Lin, Wen Dong et al.     Cartilage end plates (CEP) degeneration plays an integral role in intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration resulting from nutrient diffusion disorders. Although cell senescence …             Prognostic value of platelet to lymphocyte ratio in non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis ▶     Hua Zhang, Liuwei Gao, Bin Zhang et al.     The prognostic value of the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains controversial. We therefore conducted a meta-analysis of published …             Beyond Neglect: Preliminary Evidence of Retrospective Time Estimation Abnormalities in Non-Neglect Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack Patients ▶     Essie Low, Sheila G. Crewther, Diana L. Perre et al.     Perception of the passage of time is essential for safe planning and navigation of everyday activities. Findings from the literature have demonstrated a gross underestimation of …             A continuous sirtuin activity assay without any coupling to enzymatic or chemical reactions ▶     Sabine Schuster, Claudia Roessler, Marat Meleshin et al.     Sirtuins are NAD+ dependent lysine deacylases involved in many regulatory processes such as control of metabolic pathways, DNA repair and stress response. Modulators of sirtuin …             GEM, a member of the GRAM domain family of proteins, is part of the ABA signaling pathway ▶     Nuria Mauri, María Fernández-Marcos, Celina Costas et al.     Abscisic acid (ABA) is fundamental for plant development. Multiple factors have been identified that participate in the ABA signaling network, although a role of many proteins …             High-order random Raman lasing in a PM fiber with ultimate efficiency and narrow bandwidth ▶     Sergey A. Babin, Ekaterina A. Zlobina, Sergey I. Kablukov et al.     Random Raman lasers attract now a great deal of attention as they operate in non-active turbid or transparent scattering media. In the last case, single mode fibers with feedback …             Virus infection mediates the effects of elevated CO2 on plants and vectors ▶     Piotr Trębicki, Rebecca K. Vandegeer, Nilsa A. Bosque-Pérez et al.     Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration has increased significantly and is projected to double by 2100. To increase current food production levels, understanding how pests …             Multisite silicon neural probes with integrated silicon nitride waveguides and gratings for optogenetic applications ▶     Euijae Shim, Yu Chen, Sotiris Masmanidis et al.     Optimal optogenetic perturbation of brain circuit activity often requires light delivery in a precise spatial pattern that cannot be achieved with conventional optical fibers. We …             Intratumoral heterogeneity identified at the epigenetic, genetic and transcriptional level in glioblastoma ▶     Nicole R. Parker, Amanda L. Hudson, Peter Khong et al.     Heterogeneity is a hallmark of glioblastoma with intratumoral heterogeneity contributing to variability in responses and resistance to standard treatments. Promoter methylation …             Atlantic SSTs control regime shifts in forest fire activity of Northern Scandinavia ▶     Igor Drobyshev, Yves Bergeron, Anne de Vernal et al.     Understanding the drivers of the boreal forest fire activity is challenging due to the complexity of the interactions driving fire regimes. We analyzed drivers of forest fire …             Metabolite Modulation in Human Plasma in the Early Phase of Acclimatization to Hypobaric Hypoxia ▶     Wen-Ting Liao, Bao Liu, Jian Chen et al.     The exposure of healthy subjects to high altitude represents a model to explore the pathophysiology of diseases related to tissue hypoxia. We explored a plasma metabolomics …             Insight On Colorectal Carcinoma Infiltration by Studying Perilesional Extracellular Matrix ▶     Manuela Nebuloni, Luca Albarello, Annapaola Andolfo et al.     The extracellular matrix (ECM) from perilesional and colorectal carcinoma (CRC), but not healthy colon, sustains proliferation and invasion of tumor cells. We investigated the …             Elimination of HIV-1 Genomes from Human T-lymphoid Cells by CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Editing ▶     Rafal Kaminski, Yilan Chen, Tracy Fischer et al.     We employed an RNA-guided CRISPR/Cas9 DNA editing system to precisely remove the entire HIV-1 genome spanning between 5′ and 3′ LTRs of integrated HIV-1 proviral DNA copies from …             Suppression of the invasive potential of Glioblastoma cells by mTOR inhibitors involves modulation of NFκB and PKC-α signaling ▶     Goparaju Chandrika, Kumar Natesh, Deepak Ranade et al.     Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive type of brain tumors in adults with survival period <1.5 years of patients. The role of mTOR pathway is documented in invasion and …             A bead-based cleavage method for large-scale identification of protease substrates ▶     Chunli Wang, Mingliang Ye, Xiaoluan Wei et al.     Proteolysis is a major form of post translational modification which occurs when a protease cleaves peptide bonds in a target protein to modify its activity. Tracking protease …             Macrophage activation and polarization modify P2X7 receptor secretome influencing the inflammatory process ▶     Carlos de Torre-Minguela, Maria Barberà-Cremades, Ana I. Gómez et al.     The activation of P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) on M1 polarized macrophages induces the assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome leading to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the …             4C-seq revealed long-range interactions of a functional enhancer at the 8q24 prostate cancer risk locus ▶     Mingyang Cai, Sewoon Kim, Kai Wang et al.     Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified >100 independent susceptibility loci for prostate cancer, including the hot spot at 8q24. However, how genetic variants at …             Dispersal of Bacillus subtilis and its effect on strawberry phyllosphere microbiota under open field and protection conditions ▶     Feng Wei, Xiaoping Hu, Xiangming Xu     Using biological control agents (BCAs) is an essential component of integrated pest and diseases management. Despite much research on biocontrol of plant diseases, success in …             SAMHD1 transcript upregulation during SIV infection of the central nervous system does not associate with reduced viral load ▶     Erin L. Buchanan, Diego A. Espinoza, Melissa A. McAlexander et al.     Restriction of HIV-1 in myeloid-lineage cells is attributed in part to the nucleotidase activity of the SAM-domain and HD-domain containing protein (SAMHD1), which depletes free …             Activation of innate antiviral immune response via double-stranded RNA-dependent RLR receptor-mediated necroptosis ▶     Wei Wang, Wei-Hua Wang, Kazem M. Azadzoi et al.     Viruses induce double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) in the host cells. The mammalian system has developed dsRNA-dependent recognition receptors such as RLRs that recognize the long …             Intracellular kinetics of the androgen receptor shown by multimodal Image Correlation Spectroscopy (mICS) ▶     Chi-Li Chiu, Katherin Patsch, Francesco Cutrale et al.     The androgen receptor (AR) pathway plays a central role in prostate cancer (PCa) growth and progression and is a validated therapeutic target. In response to ligand binding AR …             In vitro model of bone to facilitate measurement of adhesion forces and super-resolution imaging of osteoclasts ▶     Takahiro Deguchi, Maria H. Alanne, Elnaz Fazeli et al.     To elucidate processes in the osteoclastic bone resorption, visualise resorption and related actin reorganisation, a combination of imaging technologies and an applicable in vitro…             Wireless Cortical Brain-Machine Interface for Whole-Body Navigation in Primates ▶     Sankaranarayani Rajangam, Po-He Tseng, Allen Yin et al.     Several groups have developed brain-machine-interfaces (BMIs) that allow primates to use cortical activity to control artificial limbs. Yet, it remains unknown whether cortical …             Deciphering DNA replication dynamics in eukaryotic cell populations in relation with their averaged chromatin conformations ▶     A. Goldar, A. Arneodo, B. Audit et al.     We propose a non-local model of DNA replication that takes into account the observed uncertainty on the position and time of replication initiation in eukaryote cell populations. …             Germplasm dynamics: the role of ecotypic diversity in shaping the patterns of genetic variation in Lolium perenne ▶     T. Blackmore, D. Thorogood, L. Skøt et al.     Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) is the most widely grown temperate grass species globally. Intensive plant breeding in ryegrass compared to many other crops species is a …             De novo transcriptome assembly and comprehensive expression profiling in Crocus sativus to gain insights into apocarotenoid biosynthesis ▶     Mukesh Jain, Prabhakar Lal Srivastava, Mohit Verma et al.     Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is commonly known as world’s most expensive spice with rich source of apocarotenoids and possesses magnificent medicinal properties. To understand the …             Perinatal Exposure to Neuregulin-1 Results in Disinhibition of Adult Midbrain Dopaminergic Neurons: Implication in Schizophrenia Modeling ▶     Hisaaki Namba, Takeshi Okubo, Hiroyuki Nawa     Aberrant neuregulin-1 (NRG1) signals are suggested to associate with the neuropathophysiology of schizophrenia. Employing a mouse schizophrenia model established by neonatal …             Beyond sodefrin: evidence for a multi-component pheromone system in the model newt Cynops pyrrhogaster (Salamandridae) ▶     Ines Van Bocxlaer, Margo Maex, Dag Treer et al.     Sodefrin, a decapeptide isolated from the male dorsal gland of the Japanese fire belly newt Cynops pyrrhogaster, was the first peptide pheromone identified from a vertebrate. The …             Deciphering the Potential Pharmaceutical Mechanism of Chinese Traditional Medicine (Gui-Zhi-Shao-Yao-Zhi-Mu) on Rheumatoid Arthritis ▶     Lin Huang, Qi Lv, Duoli Xie et al.     Gui-Zhi-Shao-Yao-Zhi-Mu (GSZ) decoction is a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula commonly used for the treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). The therapeutic effect of …             Molecular basis for the thermostability of Newcastle disease virus ▶     Guoyuan Wen, Xiao Hu, Kang Zhao et al.     Thermostable Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccines have been used widely to protect village chickens against Newcastle disease, due to their decreased dependence on cold chain …             The Prevalence and Distribution of Neurodegenerative Compound-Producing Soil Streptomyces spp. ▶     Anna L. Watkins, Arpita Ray, Lindsay R. Roberts et al.     Recent work from our labs demonstrated that a metabolite(s) from the soil bacterium Streptomyces venezuelae caused dopaminergic neurodegeneration in Caenorhabditis elegans and …             Mimicking titration experiments with MD simulations: A protocol for the investigation of pH-dependent effects on proteins ▶     Eileen Socher, Heinrich Sticht     Protein structure and function are highly dependent on the environmental pH. However, the temporal or spatial resolution of experimental approaches hampers direct observation of …             Berberine Ameliorates Hepatic Steatosis and Suppresses Liver and Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Mice with Diet-induced Obesity ▶     Ting Guo, Shih-Lung Woo, Xin Guo et al.     Increasing evidence demonstrates that berberine (BBR) is beneficial for obesity-associated non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, it remains to be elucidated how BBR …             Indole-3-Acetic Acid Produced by Burkholderia heleia Acts as a Phenylacetic Acid Antagonist to Disrupt Tropolone Biosynthesis in Burkholderia plantarii ▶     Mengcen Wang, Seiji Tachibana, Yuta Murai et al.     Burkholderia heleia PAK1-2 is a potent biocontrol agent isolated from rice rhizosphere, as it prevents bacterial rice seedling blight disease caused by Burkholderia plantarii. …             Integrated Molecular Profiling of Human Gastric Cancer Identifies DDR2 as a Potential Regulator of Peritoneal Dissemination ▶     Junji Kurashige, Takanori Hasegawa, Atsushi Niida et al.     Peritoneal dissemination is the most frequent, incurable metastasis occurring in patients with advanced gastric cancer (GC). However, molecular mechanisms driving peritoneal …             A targeted next-generation sequencing method for identifying clinically relevant mutation profiles in lung adenocarcinoma ▶     Di Shao, Yongping Lin, Jilong Liu et al.     Molecular profiling of lung cancer has become essential for prediction of an individual’s response to targeted therapies. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is a promising …             The development of the asymmetrically dominated decoy effect in young children ▶     Shanshan Zhen, Rongjun Yu     One classic example of context-independent violations is the asymmetrically dominated decoy effect, in which adding a decoy option (inferior option) to a set of original options …             Stimulation of translation by human Unr requires cold shock domains 2 and 4, and correlates with poly(A) binding protein interaction ▶     Swagat Ray, Emma C. Anderson     The RNA binding protein Unr, which contains five cold shock domains, has several specific roles in post-transcriptional control of gene expression. It can act as an activator or …             All trans-retinoic acid analogs promote cancer cell apoptosis through non-genomic Crabp1 mediating ERK1/2 phosphorylation ▶     Shawna D. Persaud, Sung Wook Park, Mari Ishigami-Yuasa et al.     All trans retinoic acid (atRA) is one of the most potent therapeutic agents, but extensive toxicity caused by nuclear RA receptors (RARs) limits its clinical application in …             Membrane-proximal TRAIL species are incapable of inducing short circuit apoptosis signaling: Implications for drug development and basic cytokine biology ▶     Katharina Tatzel, Lindsay Kuroki, Igor Dmitriev et al.     TRAIL continues to garner substantial interest as a recombinant cancer therapeutic while the native cytokine itself serves important tumor surveillance functions when expressed …             Population Code Dynamics in Categorical Perception ▶     Chihiro I. Tajima, Satohiro Tajima, Kowa Koida et al.     Categorical perception is a ubiquitous function in sensory information processing, and is reported to have important influences on the recognition of presented and/or memorized …             TGFβ signaling regulates the choice between pluripotent and neural fates during reprogramming of human urine derived cells ▶     Lihui Wang, Xirui Li, Wenhao Huang et al.     Human urine cells (HUCs) can be reprogrammed into neural progenitor cells (NPCs) or induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) with defined factors and a small molecule cocktail, but …             dFoxO promotes Wingless signaling in Drosophila ▶     Shiping Zhang, Xiaowei Guo, Changyan Chen et al.     The Wnt/β-catenin signaling is an evolutionarily conserved pathway that regulates a wide range of physiological functions, including embryogenesis, organ maintenance, cell …             Interaction between hexon and L4-100K determines virus rescue and growth of hexon-chimeric recombinant Ad5 vectors ▶     Jingyi Yan, Jianing Dong, Jiaxin Wu et al.     The immunogenicity of recombinant adenovirus serotype 5 (rAd5) vectors has been shown to be suppressed by neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) directed primarily against hexon …             Extended string-like binding of the phosphorylated HP1α N-terminal tail to the lysine 9-methylated histone H3 tail ▶     Hideaki Shimojo, Ayumi Kawaguchi, Takashi Oda et al.     The chromodomain of HP1α binds directly to lysine 9-methylated histone H3 (H3K9me). This interaction is enhanced by phosphorylation of serine residues in the N-terminal tail of …             Differential root transcriptomics in a polyploid non-model crop: the importance of respiration during osmotic stress ▶     Yasmín Zorrilla-Fontanesi, Mathieu Rouard, Alberto Cenci et al.     To explore the transcriptomic global response to osmotic stress in roots, 18 mRNA-seq libraries were generated from three triploid banana genotypes grown under mild osmotic …             Habitat-based cetacean density models for the U.S. Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico ▶     Jason J. Roberts, Benjamin D. Best, Laura Mannocci et al.     Cetaceans are protected worldwide but vulnerable to incidental harm from an expanding array of human activities at sea. Managing potential hazards to these highly-mobile …             Modulation of MICAL Monooxygenase Activity by its Calponin Homology Domain: Structural and Mechanistic Insights ▶     Saif S. Alqassim, Mauricio Urquiza, Eitan Borgnia et al.     MICALs (Molecule Interacting with CasL) are conserved multidomain enzymes essential for cytoskeletal reorganization in nerve development, endocytosis, and apoptosis. In these …             Maternal serum cadmium level during pregnancy and its association with small for gestational age infants: a population-based birth cohort study ▶     Hua Wang, Lu Liu, Yong-Fang Hu et al.     The association between maternal cadmium (Cd) exposure during pregnancy and the increased risk of fetal growth restriction (FGR) remains controversial. The present study …             RNA sequencing reveals region-specific molecular mechanisms associated with epileptogenesis in a model of classical hippocampal sclerosis ▶     A. S. Vieira, A. H. de Matos, A. M. do Canto et al.     We report here the first complete transcriptome analysis of the dorsal (dDG) and ventral dentate gyrus (vDG) of a rat epilepsy model presenting a hippocampal lesion with a strict …             Prevalence, incidence estimations, and risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection in Germany: a representative, cross-sectional, serological study ▶     Hendrik Wilking, Michael Thamm, Klaus Stark et al.     Representative data on the extent of endemicity, burden, and risk of human toxoplasmosis are scarce. We assessed the prevalence and determinants of seropositivity of Toxoplasma …             Probing Leader Cells in Endothelial Collective Migration by Plasma Lithography Geometric Confinement ▶     Yongliang Yang, Nima Jamilpour, Baoyin Yao et al.     When blood vessels are injured, leader cells emerge in the endothelium to heal the wound and restore the vasculature integrity. The characteristics of leader cells during …             Neurophysiological responses to unpleasant stimuli (acute electrical stimulations and emotional pictures) are increased in patients with schizophrenia ▶     Céline Z. Duval, Yannick Goumon, Véronique Kemmel et al.     Patients with schizophrenia have often been described as insensitive to nociceptive signals, but objective evidence is sparse. We address this question by combining subjective …             Long noncoding RNA MALAT1 promotes hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance by increasing nuclear SREBP-1c protein stability ▶     Caifeng Yan, Jinfeng Chen, Nuoqi Chen     Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is implicated in liver cell proliferation. However, its role in hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance remain …             The Lipid Bilayer Provides a Site for Cortisone Crystallization at High Cortisone Concentrations ▶     Richard J. Alsop, Adree Khondker, Jochen S. Hub et al.     Cortisone is an injected anti-inflammatory drug that can cause painful side effects known as “steroid flares” which are caused by cortisone crystallizing at the injection site. …             Antibacterial activity and mechanism of action of auranofin against multi-drug resistant bacterial pathogens ▶     Shankar Thangamani, Haroon Mohammad, Mostafa F. N. Abushahba et al.     Traditional methods employed to discover new antibiotics are both a time-consuming and financially-taxing venture. This has led researchers to mine existing libraries of clinical …             Regulation of global gene expression and cell proliferation by APP ▶     Yili Wu, Si Zhang, Qin Xu et al.     Down syndrome (DS), caused by trisomy of chromosome 21, is one of the most common genetic disorders. Patients with DS display growth retardation and inevitably develop …             Topographic Cues Reveal Two Distinct Spreading Mechanisms in Blood Platelets ▶     Rabea Sandmann, Sarah Köster     Blood platelets are instrumental in blood clotting and are thus heavily involved in early wound closure. After adhering to a substrate they spread by forming protrusions like …             Intranasal Delivery of Recombinant AAV Containing BDNF Fused with HA2TAT: a Potential Promising Therapy Strategy for Major Depressive Disorder ▶     Xian-cang Ma, Peng Liu, Xiao-ling Zhang et al.     Depression is a disturbing psychiatric disease with unsatisfied therapy. Not all patients are sensitive to anti-depressants currently in use, side-effects are unavoidable during …             Predicted molecular signaling guiding photoreceptor cell migration following transplantation into damaged retina ▶     Uchenna John Unachukwu, Alice Warren, Ze Li et al.     To replace photoreceptors lost to disease or trauma and restore vision, laboratories around the world are investigating photoreceptor replacement strategies using subretinal …             Small Molecule Inhibition of Ligand-Stimulated RAGE-DIAPH1 Signal Transduction ▶     Michaele B. Manigrasso, Jinhong Pan, Vivek Rai et al.     The receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) binds diverse ligands linked to chronic inflammation and disease. NMR spectroscopy and x-ray crystallization studies of the …             A distinct and active bacterial community in cold oxygenated fluids circulating beneath the western flank of the Mid-Atlantic ridge ▶     Julie L. Meyer, Ulrike Jaekel, Benjamin J. Tully et al.     The rock-hosted, oceanic crustal aquifer is one of the largest ecosystems on Earth, yet little is known about its indigenous microorganisms. Here we provide the first …             Distinct phosphorylation sites on the ghrelin receptor, GHSR1a, establish a code that determines the functions of ß-arrestins ▶     Monica Bouzo-Lorenzo, Icía Santo-Zas, Maria Lodeiro et al.     The growth hormone secretagogue receptor, GHSR1a, mediates the biological activities of ghrelin, which includes the secretion of growth hormone, as well as the stimulation of …             Sequence evidence for common ancestry of eukaryotic endomembrane coatomers ▶     Vasilis J. Promponas, Katerina R. Katsani, Benjamin J. Blencowe et al.     Eukaryotic cells are defined by compartments through which the trafficking of macromolecules is mediated by large complexes, such as the nuclear pore, transport vesicles and …             Small Molecule Inhibited Parathyroid Hormone Mediated cAMP Response by N–Terminal Peptide Binding ▶     Amit Kumar, Monika Baumann, Jochen Balbach     Ligand binding to certain classes of G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) stimulates the rapid synthesis of cAMP through G protein. Human parathyroid hormone (PTH), a member of …             Intralymphatic mRNA vaccine induces CD8 T-cell responses that inhibit the growth of mucosally located tumours ▶     Lukasz Bialkowski, Alexia van Weijnen, Kevin Van der Jeught et al.     The lack of appropriate mouse models is likely one of the reasons of a limited translational success rate of therapeutic vaccines against cervical cancer, as rapidly growing …             Pharmacoproteomic analysis reveals that metapristone (RU486 metabolite) intervenes E-cadherin and vimentin to realize cancer metastasis chemoprevention ▶     Suhong Yu, Cuicui Yan, Xingtian Yang et al.     Metapristone is the most predominant biological active metabolite of mifepristone, and being developed as a novel cancer metastasis chemopreventive agent by us. Despite its …             Colour and pattern change against visually heterogeneous backgrounds in the tree frog Hyla japonica ▶     Changku Kang, Ye Eun Kim, Yikweon Jang     Colour change in animals can be adaptive phenotypic plasticity in heterogeneous environments. Camouflage through background colour matching has been considered a primary force …             Tumor-induced remote ECM network orientation steers angiogenesis ▶     Hayri E. Balcioglu, Bob van de Water, Erik H. J. Danen     Tumor angiogenesis promotes tumor growth and metastasis. Here, we use automated sequential microprinting of tumor and endothelial cells in extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds to …             Structure-based Inhibitor Design for the Intrinsically Disordered Protein c-Myc ▶     Chen Yu, Xiaogang Niu, Fan Jin et al.     Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are associated with various diseases and have been proposed as promising drug targets. However, conventional structure-based approaches …             Bilaterian-like promoters in the highly compact Amphimedon queenslandica genome ▶     Selene L. Fernandez-Valverde, Bernard M. Degnan     The regulatory systems underlying animal development must have evolved prior to the emergence of eumetazoans (cnidarians and bilaterians). Although representatives of …             FgSsn3 kinase, a component of the mediator complex, is important for sexual reproduction and pathogenesis in Fusarium graminearum ▶     Shulin Cao, Shijie Zhang, Chaofeng Hao et al.     Fusarium graminearum is an important pathogen of wheat and barley. In addition to severe yield losses, infested grains are often contaminated with harmful mycotoxins. In this …             A new approach to chemotherapy: drug-induced differentiation kills African trypanosomes ▶     Tanja Wenzler, Gabriela Schumann Burkard, Remo S. Schmidt et al.     Human African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) is a neglected tropical disease caused by Trypanosoma brucei spp. The parasites are transmitted by tsetse flies and adapt to …             Facile construction of a highly sensitive DNA biosensor by in-situ assembly of electro-active tags on hairpin-structured probe fragment ▶     Qingxiang Wang, Feng Gao, Jiancong Ni et al.     An ultrasensitive DNA biosensor has been developed through in-situ labeling of electroactive melamine-Cu2+ complex (Mel-Cu2+) on the end of hairpin-like probe using gold …             Silencing MicroRNA-155 Attenuates Cardiac Injury and Dysfunction in Viral Myocarditis via Promotion of M2 Phenotype Polarization of Macrophages ▶     Yingying Zhang, Mengying Zhang, Xueqin Li et al.     Macrophage infiltration is a hallmark feature of viral myocarditis. As studies have shown that microRNA-155 regulates the differentiation of macrophages, we aimed to investigate …             Organization and characteristics of the major histocompatibility complex class II region in the Yangtze finless porpoise (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis asiaeorientalis) ▶     Rui Ruan, Jue Ruan, Xiao-Ling Wan et al.     Little is known about the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in the genome of Yangtze finless porpoise (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis asiaeorientalis) (YFP) or other cetaceans. …             Periscope: quantitative prediction of soluble protein expression in the periplasm of Escherichia coli ▶     Catherine Ching Han Chang, Chen Li, Geoffrey I. Webb et al.     Periplasmic expression of soluble proteins in Escherichia coli not only offers a much-simplified downstream purification process, but also enhances the probability of obtaining …             Premature termination codons in modern human genomes ▶     Kohei Fujikura     The considerable range of genetic variation in human populations may partly reflect distinctive processes of adaptation to variable environmental conditions. However, the …             Frog Virus 3 dissemination in the brain of tadpoles, but not in adult Xenopus, involves blood brain barrier dysfunction ▶     Francisco De Jesús Andino, Letitia Jones, Sanjay B. Maggirwar et al.     While increasing evidence points to a key role of monocytes in amphibian host defenses, monocytes are also thought to be important in the dissemination and persistent infection …             miR-8-3p regulates mitoferrin in the testes of Bactrocera dorsalis to ensure normal spermatogenesis ▶     Kaleem Tariq, Christoph Metzendorf, Wei Peng et al.     Genetics-enhanced sterile insect techniques (SIT) are promising novel approaches to control Bactrocera dorsalis, the most destructive horticultural pest in East Asia and the …             Ingestion of genetically modified yeast symbiont reduces fitness of an insect pest via RNA interference ▶     Katherine A. Murphy, Christine A. Tabuloc, Kevin R. Cervantes et al.     RNA interference has had major advances as a developing tool for pest management. In laboratory experiments, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is often administered to the insect by …             Transcriptional regulation of miR-15b by c-Rel and CREB in Japanese encephalitis virus infection ▶     Bibo Zhu, Jing Ye, Usama Ashraf et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been well known to play diverse roles in viral infection at the level of posttranscriptional repression. However, much less is understood about the …             Selective regulation of YB-1 mRNA translation by the mTOR signaling pathway is not mediated by 4E-binding protein ▶     D. N. Lyabin, L. P. Ovchinnikov     The Y-box binding protein 1 (YB-1) is a key regulator of gene expression at the level of both translation and transcription. The mode of its action on cellular events depends on …             Microglial activation induces neuronal death in Chandipura virus infection ▶     Abhishek Kumar Verma, Sourish Ghosh, Sreeparna Pradhan et al.     Neurotropic viruses induce neurodegeneration either directly by activating host death domains or indirectly through host immune response pathways. Chandipura Virus (CHPV) …             Cyclophilin A (CypA) Plays Dual Roles in Regulation of Bone Anabolism and Resorption ▶     Mian Guo, Aaron W. James, Jin Hee Kwak et al.     CypA (Cyclophilin A) is a peptidyl-prolyl isomerase previously shown to be required for chondrogenic differentiation and endochondral ossification. However, the effects of CypA …             Caveolin interaction governs Kv1.3 lipid raft targeting ▶     Mireia Pérez-Verdaguer, Jesusa Capera, Ramón Martínez-Mármol et al.     The spatial localization of ion channels at the cell surface is crucial for their functional role. Many channels localize in lipid raft microdomains, which are enriched in …             Mast cell degranulation is negatively regulated by the Munc13-4-binding small-guanosine triphosphatase Rab37 ▶     Hironori Higashio, Yoh-ichi Satoh, Tomoyuki Saino     Mast cell degranulation is regulated by the small guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) Rab27a and Rab27b, which have distinct and opposing roles: Rab27b acts as a positive …             Sestrin2 is induced by glucose starvation via the unfolded protein response and protects cells from non-canonical necroptotic cell death ▶     Boxiao Ding, Anita Parmigiani, Ajit S. Divakaruni et al.     Sestrin2 is a member of a family of stress responsive proteins, which controls cell viability via antioxidant activity and regulation of the mammalian target of rapamycin protein …             Type VI adenylyl cyclase negatively regulates GluN2B-mediated LTD and spatial reversal learning ▶     Ching-Pang Chang, Cheng-Ta Lee, Wen-Hsien Hou et al.     The calcium-sensitive type VI adenylyl cyclase (AC6) is a membrane-bound adenylyl cyclase (AC) that converts ATP to cAMP under stimulation. It is a calcium-inhibited AC and …             Akt mediated phosphorylation of LARP6; critical step in biosynthesis of type I collagen ▶     Yujie Zhang, Branko Stefanovic     La ribonucleoprotein domain family, member 6 (LARP6) is the RNA binding protein, which regulates translation of collagen mRNAs and synthesis of type I collagen. Posttranslational …             Innate myeloid cell TNFR1 mediates first line defence against primary Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. ▶     Noria Segueni, Sulayman Benmerzoug, Stéphanie Rose et al.     TNF is crucial for controlling Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and understanding how will help immunomodulating the host response. Here we assessed the contribution of TNFR1 …             Novel small molecules targeting ciliary transport of Smoothened and oncogenic Hedgehog pathway activation ▶     Bomi Jung, Ana C. Messias, Kenji Schorpp et al.     Trafficking of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) Smoothened (Smo) to the primary cilium (PC) is a potential target to inhibit oncogenic Hh pathway activation in a large …             The fetal ovary exhibits temporal sensitivity to a ‘real-life’ mixture of environmental chemicals ▶     Richard G. Lea, Maria R. Amezaga, Benoit Loup et al.     The development of fetal ovarian follicles is a critical determinant of adult female reproductive competence. Prolonged exposure to environmental chemicals (ECs) can perturb this …             Quantifying Demyelination in NK venom treated nerve using its electric circuit model ▶     H. K. Das, D. Das, R. Doley et al.     Reduction of myelin in peripheral nerve causes critical demyelinating diseases such as chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, Guillain-Barre syndrome, etc. Clinical …             Hydrogen Sulfide Recruits Macrophage Migration by Integrin β1-Src-FAK/Pyk2-Rac Pathway in Myocardial Infarction ▶     Lei Miao, Xiaoming Xin, Hong Xin et al.     Myocardial infarction (MI) triggers an inflammatory reaction, in which macrophages are of key importance for tissue repairing. Infiltration and/or migration of macrophages into …             MiR-708 promotes steroid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head, suppresses osteogenic differentiation by targeting SMAD3 ▶     Cheng Hao, Shuhua Yang, Weihua Xu et al.     Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH) is a serious complication of glucocorticoid (GC) use. We investigated the differential expression of miRs in the mesenchymal …             Costs and trade-offs of grazer-induced defenses in Scenedesmus under deficient resource ▶     Xuexia Zhu, Jun Wang, Qinwen Chen et al.     The green alga Scenedesmus obliquus can form inducible defensive morphs under grazing threat. Costs and trade-offs of inducible defense are expected to accompany the benefits of …             Specific LED-based red light photo-stimulation procedures improve overall sperm function and reproductive performance of boar ejaculates ▶     Marc Yeste, Francesc Codony, Efrén Estrada et al.     The present study evaluated the effects of exposing liquid-stored boar semen to different red light LED regimens on sperm quality and reproductive performance. Of all of the …             Extraterritorial hunting expeditions to intense fire scars by feral cats ▶     Hugh W. McGregor, Sarah Legge, Menna E. Jones et al.     Feral cats are normally territorial in Australia’s tropical savannahs, and hunt intensively with home-ranges only two to three kilometres across. Here we report that they also …             Cells release subpopulations of exosomes with distinct molecular and biological properties ▶     Eduard Willms, Henrik J. Johansson, Imre Mäger et al.     Cells release nano-sized membrane vesicles that are involved in intercellular communication by transferring biological information between cells. It is generally accepted that …             The current use and attitudes towards tumor genome sequencing in breast cancer ▶     I. Gingras, A. Sonnenblick, E. de Azambuja et al.     There is increasing availability of technologies that can interrogate the genomic landscape of an individual tumor; however, their impact on daily practice remains uncertain. We …             N-terminal domain of Bothrops asper Myotoxin II Enhances the Activity of Endothelin Converting Enzyme-1 and Neprilysin ▶     A. Ian Smith, Niwanthi W. Rajapakse, Oded Kleifeld et al.     Neprilysin (NEP) and endothelin converting enzyme-1 (ECE-1) are two enzymes that degrade amyloid beta in the brain. Currently there are no molecules to stimulate the activity of …             Untargeted plasma and tissue metabolomics in rats with chronic kidney disease given AST-120 ▶     Thomas J. Velenosi, Anzel Hennop, David A. Feere et al.     Chronic kidney disease (CKD) results in the accumulation of metabolic waste products that are normally cleared by the kidney, known as uremia. Many of these waste products are …             Dual-Color Fluorescence Imaging of Magnetic Nanoparticles in Live Cancer Cells Using Conjugated Polymer Probes ▶     Minjie Sun, Bin Sun, Yun Liu et al.     Rapid growth in biological applications of nanomaterials brings about pressing needs for exploring nanomaterial-cell interactions. Cationic blue-emissive and anionic …             Robust ultrasensitive tunneling-FET biosensor for point-of-care diagnostics ▶     Anran Gao, Na Lu, Yuelin Wang et al.     For point-of-care (POC) applications, robust, ultrasensitive, small, rapid, low-power, and low-cost sensors are highly desirable. Here, we present a novel biosensor based on a …             Restricted mobility of specific functional groups reduces anti-cancer drug activity in healthy cells ▶     Murillo L. Martins, Rosanna Ignazzi, Juergen Eckert et al.     The most common cancer treatments currently available are radio- and chemo-therapy. These therapies have, however, drawbacks, such as, the reduction in quality of life and the …             Effect of intermittent feedback control on robustness of human-like postural control system ▶     Hiroko Tanabe, Keisuke Fujii, Yasuyuki Suzuki et al.     Humans have to acquire postural robustness to maintain stability against internal and external perturbations. Human standing has been recently modelled using an intermittent …             A novel dinuclear iridium(III) complex as a G-quadruplex-selective probe for the luminescent switch-on detection of transcription factor HIF-1α ▶     Lihua Lu, Modi Wang, Zhifeng Mao et al.     A novel dinuclear Ir(III) complex 5 was discovered to be specific to G-quadruplex DNA, and was utilized in a label-free G-quadruplex-based detection platform for transcription …             Integrated metabolomics and metagenomics analysis of plasma and urine identified microbial metabolites associated with coronary heart disease ▶     Qiang Feng, Zhipeng Liu, Shilong Zhong et al.     Coronary heart disease (CHD) is top risk factor for health in modern society, causing high mortality rate each year. However, there is no reliable way for early diagnosis and …             Gut microbiota-involved mechanisms in enhancing systemic exposure of ginsenosides by coexisting polysaccharides in ginseng decoction ▶     Shan-Shan Zhou, Jun Xu, He Zhu et al.     Oral decoctions of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) serve for therapeutic and prophylactic management of diseases for centuries. Small molecules and polysaccharides are the …             Influence of plasma-activated compounds on melanogenesis and tyrosinase activity ▶     Anser Ali, Zaman Ashraf, Naresh Kumar et al.     Many organic chemists around the world synthesize medicinal compounds or extract multiple compounds from plants in order to increase the activity and quality of medicines. In …             Metabolic Trade-offs in Yeast are Caused by F1F0-ATP synthase ▶     Avlant Nilsson, Jens Nielsen     Intermediary metabolism provides living cells with free energy and precursor metabolites required for synthesizing proteins, lipids, RNA and other cellular constituents, and it …             Tail-like anther crest aids pollination by manipulating pollinator’s behaviour in a wild ginger ▶     Yong-Li Fan, Qing-Jun Li     Innovative floral organs are widely distributed taxonomically in angiosperms, and some of them are conspicuous and curious in morphology. Floral organs have long been supposed to …             Identification of Loci Modulating the Cardiovascular and Skeletal Phenotypes of Marfan Syndrome in Mice ▶     Gustavo R. Fernandes, Silvia M. G. Massironi, Lygia V. Pereira     Marfan syndrome (MFS) is an autosomal dominant disease of the connective tissue, affecting mostly the skeletal, ocular and cardiovascular systems, caused by mutations in the FBN1 …             Structural basis for the regulation of enzymatic activity of Regnase-1 by domain-domain interactions ▶     Mariko Yokogawa, Takashi Tsushima, Nobuo N. Noda et al.     Regnase-1 is an RNase that directly cleaves mRNAs of inflammatory genes such as IL-6 and IL-12p40, and negatively regulates cellular inflammatory responses. Here, we report the …             Quercitrin-nanocoated titanium surfaces favour gingival cells against oral bacteria ▶     Manuel Gomez-Florit, Miguel A. Pacha-Olivenza, Maria C. Fernández-Calderón et al.     Many dental implants fail due to the infection and inflammation that walk hand in hand with poor healing and soft tissue integration. Titanium surfaces were nanocoated with …             NAD+ regulates Treg cell fate and promotes allograft survival via a systemic IL-10 production that is CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ T cells independent ▶     Abdallah Elkhal, Hector Rodriguez Cetina Biefer, Timm Heinbokel et al.     CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ Tregs have been shown to play a central role in immune homeostasis while preventing from fatal inflammatory responses, while Th17 cells have traditionally been …             Longer telomeres in chronic, moderate, unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia: insights from a human study on Gilbert’s Syndrome ▶     Anela Tosevska, Christine Moelzer, Marlies Wallner et al.     Bilirubin (BR) is a natural endogenous compound with a potent bioactivity. Gilbert’s Syndrome (GS) is a benign hereditary condition of increased unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) in …             Immune responses to Mycobacterial heat shock protein 70 accompany self-reactivity to human BiP in rheumatoid arthritis ▶     Hirofumi Shoda, Norio Hanata, Shuji Sumitomo et al.     Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease, and a member of human heat shock protein (HSP) 70 protein family, Binding Immunoglobulin Protein (BiP), has been identified as …             Evolving Methanococcoides burtonii archaeal Rubisco for improved photosynthesis and plant growth ▶     Robert H. Wilson, Hernan Alonso, Spencer M. Whitney     In photosynthesis Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) catalyses the often rate limiting CO2-fixation step in the Calvin cycle. This makes Rubisco both the …             Truncation of the unique N-terminal domain improved the thermos-stability and specific activity of alkaline α-amylase Amy703 ▶     Zhenghui Lu, Qinhong Wang, Sijing Jiang et al.     High pH condition is of special interest for the potential applications of alkaline α-amylase in textile and detergent industries. Thus, there is a continuous demand to improve …             Ligand-dependent responses of the silkworm prothoracicotropic hormone receptor, Torso, are maintained by unusual intermolecular disulfide bridges in the transmembrane region ▶     Tadafumi Konogami, Yiwen Yang, Mari H. Ogihara et al.     The insect membrane-protein, Torso, is a member of the receptor-tyrosine-kinase family, and is activated by its ligand, prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH). Although PTTH is one of …             Social cognition and prefrontal hemodynamic responses during a working memory task in schizophrenia ▶     Shenghong Pu, Kazuyuki Nakagome, Takeshi Yamada et al.     Social cognition is an important determinant of functional impairment in schizophrenia, but its relationship with the prefrontal functional abnormalities associated with the …             Drastic underestimation of amphipod biodiversity in the endangered Irano-Anatolian and Caucasus biodiversity hotspots ▶     Ahmad-Reza Katouzian, Alireza Sari, Jan N. Macher et al.     Biodiversity hotspots are centers of biological diversity and particularly threatened by anthropogenic activities. Their true magnitude of species diversity and endemism, …             Root-associated fungi of Vaccinium carlesii in subtropical forests of China: intra- and inter-annual variability and impacts of human disturbances ▶     Yanhua Zhang, Jian Ni, Fangping Tang et al.     Ericoid mycorrhiza (ERM) are expected to facilitate establishment of ericaceous plants in harsh habitats. However, diversity and driving factors of the root-associated fungi of …             Visualization of complex DNA double-strand breaks in a tumor treated with carbon ion radiotherapy ▶     Takahiro Oike, Atsuko Niimi, Noriyuki Okonogi et al.     Carbon ion radiotherapy shows great potential as a cure for X-ray-resistant tumors. Basic research suggests that the strong cell-killing effect induced by carbon ions is based on …             Identification of candidate diagnostic biomarkers for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis using UPLC/QTOF-MS analysis: a first report of lipid metabolism profiles ▶     Zhi-jian Sun, Hong-mei Jia, Gui-xing Qiu et al.     Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a complex spine deformity, affecting approximately 1–3% adolescents. Earlier diagnosis could increase the likelihood of successful …             Mathematical Modeling of Therapy-induced Cancer Drug Resistance: Connecting Cancer Mechanisms to Population Survival Rates ▶     Xiaoqiang Sun, Jiguang Bao, Yongzhao Shao     Drug resistance significantly limits the long-term effectiveness of targeted therapeutics for cancer patients. Recent experimental studies have demonstrated that cancer cell …             Attenuated Leishmania induce pro-inflammatory mediators and influence leishmanicidal activity by p38 MAPK dependent phagosome maturation in Leishmania donovani co-infected macrophages ▶     Somenath Banerjee, Dipayan Bose, Nabanita Chatterjee et al.     Promastigote form of Leishmania, an intracellular pathogen, delays phagosome maturation and resides inside macrophages. But till date limited study has been done to manipulate …             LncRNA PANDAR regulates the G1/S transition of breast cancer cells by suppressing p16INK4A expression ▶     Yi Sang, Jianjun Tang, Siwei Li et al.     It has been reported that lncRNA PANDAR (promoter of CDKN1A antisense DNA damage-activated RNA) is induced as a result of DNA damage, and it regulates the reparation of DNA …             Erratum: Identification of two novel Chlorotoxin derivatives CA4 and CTX-23 with chemotherapeutic and anti-angiogenic potential ▶     Tengfei Xu, Zheng Fan, Wenxin Li et al.                 ES1 is a mitochondrial enlarging factor contributing to form mega-mitochondria in zebrafish cones ▶     Takamasa Masuda, Yasutaka Wada, Satoru Kawamura     Total mass of mitochondria increases during cell proliferation and differentiation through mitochondrial biogenesis, which includes mitochondrial proliferation and growth. During …             Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) maintains bone homeostasis by regulating AMPK-PGC-1β axis in mice ▶     Jeong-Eun Huh, Ji Hye Shin, Eun Sun Jang et al.     The mitochondrial sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is involved in suppressing the onset of multiple pathologies, including cardiovascular disease, fatty liver, age-related hearing loss, and …             Comparative transcriptome analysis among parental inbred and crosses reveals the role of dominance gene expression in heterosis in Drosophila melanogaster ▶     Xianwen Wu, Rongni Li, Qianqian Li et al.     We observed heteroses for body weight in Drosophila melanogaster after generating hybrids from three inbred lines. To better understand the mechanism for this phenomenon at the …             The hGFAP-driven conditional TSPO knockout is protective in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis ▶     Daniel J. Daugherty, Olga Chechneva, Florian Mayrhofer et al.     The mitochondrial translocator protein (TSPO) has been implicated in CNS diseases. Here, we sought to determine the specific role of TSPO in experimental autoimmune …             TDP-43 or FUS-induced misfolded human wild-type SOD1 can propagate intercellularly in a prion-like fashion ▶     Edward Pokrishevsky, Leslie I. Grad, Neil R. Cashman     Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), which appears to spread through the neuroaxis in a spatiotemporally restricted manner, is linked to heritable mutations in genes encoding …             nagZ Triggers Gonococcal Biofilm Disassembly ▶     Senthil V. Bhoopalan, Andrzej Piekarowicz, Jonathan D. Lenz et al.     Bacterial-bacterial interactions play a critical role in promoting biofilm formation. Here we show that NagZ, a protein associated with peptidoglycan recycling, has moonlighting …             From crystal structure of α-conotoxin GIC in complex with Ac-AChBP to molecular determinants of its high selectivity for α3β2 nAChR ▶     Bo Lin, Manyu Xu, Xiaopeng Zhu et al.     Acetylcholine binding proteins (AChBPs) are unique spatial homologs of the ligand-binding domains of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), and they reproduce some …             Significant impact of miRNA–target gene networks on genetics of human complex traits ▶     Yukinori Okada, Tomoki Muramatsu, Naomasa Suita et al.     The impact of microRNA (miRNA) on the genetics of human complex traits, especially in the context of miRNA-target gene networks, has not been fully assessed. Here, we developed a …             A non-invasive method to determine the pluripotent status of stem cells by culture medium microRNA expression detection ▶     Ying Zhang, Gui-Hai Feng, Kai Xu et al.     To precisely determine the type and status of cells is an important prerequisite for basic researches and regenerative medicine involving stem cells or differentiated cells. …             Detection of Temperature Difference in Neuronal Cells ▶     Ryuichi Tanimoto, Takumi Hiraiwa, Yuichiro Nakai et al.     For a better understanding of the mechanisms behind cellular functions, quantification of the heterogeneity in an organism or cells is essential. Recently, the importance of …             Interaction with Pyruvate Kinase M2 Destabilizes Tristetraprolin by Proteasome Degradation and Regulates Cell Proliferation in Breast Cancer ▶     Liangqian Huang, Zhenhai Yu, Zhenchao Zhang et al.     Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), which is predominantly expressed in most cancers, plays a key role in the Warburg effect. However, how PKM2 functions as a tumor supportive protein has …             High inbreeding, limited recombination and divergent evolutionary patterns between two sympatric morel species in China ▶     Xi-Hui Du, Qi Zhao, Jianping Xu et al.     As highly prized, popular mushrooms, morels are widely distributed in the northern hemisphere, with China as a modern centre of speciation and diversity. Overharvesting of morels …             MiR-1180 promotes apoptotic resistance to human hepatocellular carcinoma via activation of NF-κB signaling pathway ▶     Guosheng Tan, Linwei Wu, Jinfu Tan et al.     Apoptosis resistance in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a significant factor in carcinogenesis. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in apoptosis …             Avian responses to an extreme ice storm are determined by a combination of functional traits, behavioural adaptations and habitat modifications ▶     Qiang Zhang, Yongmi Hong, Fasheng Zou et al.     The extent to which species’ traits, behavior and habitat synergistically determine their response to extreme weather events (EWE) remains poorly understood. By quantifying bird …             Structural insights into Cydia pomonella pheromone binding protein 2 mediated prediction of potentially active semiochemicals ▶     Zhen Tian, Jiyuan Liu, Yalin Zhang     Given the advantages of behavioral disruption application in pest control and the damage of Cydia pomonella, due progresses have not been made in searching active semiochemicals …             Transmembrane Domain Lengths Serve as Signatures of Organismal Complexity and Viral Transport Mechanisms ▶     Snigdha Singh, Aditya Mittal     It is known that membrane proteins are important in various secretory pathways, with a possible role of their transmembrane domains (TMDs) as sorting determinant factors. One key …             Epigenetic modification of PKMζ rescues aging-related cognitive impairment ▶     Chen Chen, Shi-Qiu Meng, Yan-Xue Xue et al.     Cognition is impacted by aging. However, the mechanisms that underlie aging-associated cognitive impairment are unclear. Here we showed that cognitive decline in aged rats was …             Molecular characterization of HIV-1 Nef and ACOT8 interaction: insights from in silico structural predictions and in vitro functional assays ▶     Michela Serena, Alejandro Giorgetti, Mirko Busato et al.     HIV-1 Nef interacts with several cellular proteins, among which the human peroxisomal thioesterase 8 (ACOT8). This interaction may be involved in the endocytosis regulation of …             CaCDPK15 positively regulates pepper responses to Ralstonia solanacearum inoculation and forms a positive-feedback loop with CaWRKY40 to amplify defense signaling ▶     Lei Shen, Sheng Yang, Tong Yang et al.     CaWRKY40 is a positive regulator of pepper (Capsicum annum) response to Ralstonia solanacearum inoculation (RSI), but the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Here, we …             Characterization of heat induced spherulites of lysozyme reveals new insight on amyloid initiation ▶     Pankaj Sharma, Neha Verma, Pradip Kumar Singh et al.     Here, we report results obtained during our experiments to visualize how heat transforms globular protein, lysozyme into building block of β-amyloids. Light scattering …             HCV induces transforming growth factor β1 through activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress and the unfolded protein response ▶     Pattranuch Chusri, Kattareeya Kumthip, Jian Hong et al.     HCV replication disrupts normal endoplasmic reticulum (ER) function and activates a signaling network called the unfolded protein response (UPR). UPR is directed by three ER …             An investigation of the effects of stage of ensilage on Nassella neesiana seeds, for reducing seed viability and injury to livestock ▶     S. L. Weller, S. K. Florentine, J. F. Sillitoe et al.     The noxious weed Nassella neesiana is established on a wide range of productive land throughout southeastern Australia. N. neesiana seeds, when mature, are sharp, causing injury …             Effects of ultrasonication on increased germination and improved seedling growth of aged grass seeds of tall fescue and Russian wildrye ▶     Juan Liu, Quanzhen Wang, Đura Karagić et al.     The effects of ultrasonic treatments on the germination and seedling growth of aged tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) and Russian wild rye (Psathyrostaehys juncea Nevski) seeds …             Establishment and characterisation of patient-derived xenografts as paraclinical models for gastric cancer ▶     Yoon Young Choi, Jae Eun Lee, Hyunki Kim et al.     The patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model is emerging as a promising translational platform to duplicate the characteristics of tumours. However, few studies have reported …             Using species distribution modeling to delineate the botanical richness patterns and phytogeographical regions of China ▶     Ming-Gang Zhang, J. W. Ferry Slik, Ke-Ping Ma     The millions of plant specimens that have been collected and stored in Chinese herbaria over the past ~110 years have recently been digitized and geo-referenced. Here we use this …             Amino acids-incorporated nanoflowers with an intrinsic peroxidase-like activity ▶     Zhuo-Fu Wu, Zhi Wang, Ye Zhang et al.     Functional molecules synthesized by self-assembly between inorganic salts and amino acids have attracted much attention in recent years. A simple method is reported here for …             Deletion of AS87_03730 gene changed the bacterial virulence and gene expression of Riemerella anatipestifer ▶     Xiaolan Wang, Jiaping Yue, Chan Ding et al.     Riemerella anatipestifer is an important pathogen of waterfowl, which causes septicemia anserum exsudativa in ducks. In this study, an AS87_03730 gene deletion R. anatipestifer …             Prognostic value of Diabetes in Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Treated with Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy ▶     Hao Peng, Lei Chen, Yuan Zhang et al.     The prognostic value of diabetes remains unknown in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). We retrospectively reviewed medical …             All-atom simulations and free-energy calculations of coiled-coil peptides with lipid bilayers: binding strength, structural transition, and effect on lipid dynamics ▶     Sun Young Woo, Hwankyu Lee     Peptides E and K, which are synthetic coiled-coil peptides for membrane fusion, were simulated with lipid bilayers composed of lipids and cholesterols at different ratios using …             A triterpenoid from wild bitter gourd inhibits breast cancer cells ▶     Li-Yuan Bai, Chang-Fang Chiu, Po-Chen Chu et al.     The antitumor activity of 3β,7β,25-trihydroxycucurbita-5,23(E)-dien-19-al (TCD), a triterpenoid isolated from wild bitter gourd, in breast cancer cells was investigated. TCD …             Inhibition of miR-154 Protects Against Cardiac Dysfunction and Fibrosis in a Mouse Model of Pressure Overload ▶     Bianca C. Bernardo, Sally S. Nguyen, Xiao-Ming Gao et al.     Expression of miR-154 is upregulated in the diseased heart and was previously shown to be upregulated in the lungs of patients with pulmonary fibrosis. However, the role of …             Differential controls on soil carbon density and mineralization among contrasting forest types in a temperate forest ecosystem ▶     Ye-Ming You, Juan Wang, Xiao-Lu Sun et al.     Understanding the controls on soil carbon dynamics is crucial for modeling responses of ecosystem carbon balance to global change, yet few studies provide explicit knowledge on …             Engineering Dark Chromoprotein Reporters for Photoacoustic Microscopy and FRET Imaging ▶     Yan Li, Alex Forbrich, Jiahui Wu et al.     A subset of the family of fluorescent proteins are the non-fluorescent chromoproteins which are promising probe molecules for use in photoacoustic imaging and as acceptor …             Gene dysregulation is restored in the Parkinson’s disease MPTP neurotoxic mice model upon treatment of the therapeutic drug CuII(atsm) ▶     Lesley Cheng, Camelia Y. J. Quek, Lin W. Hung et al.     The administration of MPTP selectively targets the dopaminergic system resulting in Parkinsonism-like symptoms and is commonly used as a mice model of Parkinson’s disease. We …                       The Geoffrey Beene Cancer Research Center at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Nature, Nature Cell Biology and Nature Reviews Cancer present: CANCER AS AN EVOLVING AND SYSTEMIC DISEASE March 12-15, 2016 | New York, NY, USA REGISTER NOW!               • Careers & Jobs         naturejobs.com Science jobs of the week       PhD students and Postdocs     Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT).            Senior Researcher     Kew Gardens            Research Fellow     New York Blood Center            Research Associate     University of Bristol            Research Fellow     Boston Children's Hospital; Harvard Medical School            Postdoctoral Research Fellow     Thomas Jefferson University (TJU)            Postdoctoral Training Fellow     The Francis Crick Institute            Senior Research Associate Ref: RA1273     University of East Anglia (UEA)            Senior Research Associate     The Babraham Institute            Research Associate Position     University of Zurich          No matter what your career stage, student, postdoc or senior scientist, you will find articles on naturejobs.com to help guide you in your science career. 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