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Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for August 1, 2018:
Spotlight Stories Headlines
Astronomy & Space news
 | Scientists identify exoplanets where life could develop as it did on EarthScientists have identified a group of planets outside our solar system where the same chemical conditions that may have led to life on Earth exist. |
 | Planetary defense has new tool in weather satellite lightning detectorNASA's efforts to better understand asteroid impacts has found unexpected support from a new satellite sensor designed to detect lightning. New research published in the journal Meteoritics and Planetary Science finds that the new Geostationary Lightning Mapper, or GLM, on two weather satellites is able to pick up signals of meteors in Earth's atmosphere. |
 | After the Kepler supernova explosion, no survivors were left behindA new study argues that the explosion that Johannes Kepler observed in 1604 was caused by a merger of two stellar residues. |
Video: Next-generation spacesuit designMovement really moves Richard Fineman, a fourth-year Ph.D. student in the Harvard-MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology. Using wearable sensors and a range of complex modeling tools, Fineman is able to measure and understand a body in motion in unprecedented ways. He is using what he's learning to advance human health and medicine, as well as astronaut garb. | |
 | Image: Prepping to launch for the sunNASA's Parker Solar Probe has cleared the final procedures in the clean room before its move to the launch pad, where it will be integrated onto its launch vehicle, a United Launch Alliance Delta IV Heavy. This is an historic mission that will revolutionize our understanding of the sun, where changing conditions can propagate out into the solar system, affecting Earth and other worlds. Parker Solar Probe will travel through the sun's atmosphere, closer to the surface than any spacecraft before it, facing brutal heat and radiation conditions—and ultimately providing humanity with the closest-ever observations of a star. |
 | Image: Speck from an asteroidSeen on a microscopic support, this sharp-edged grain of rock is an extraterrestrial object – a tiny sample from the Itokawa asteroid, retrieved by Japan's Hayabusa mission and now being tested by ESA researchers. |
Technology news
 | Soft grippers can be 3-D printed on board ships to safely sample different types of sea lifeThe deep ocean—dark, cold, under high pressure, and airless—is notoriously inhospitable to humans, yet it teems with organisms that manage to thrive in its harsh environment. Studying those creatures requires specialized equipment mounted on remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) that can withstand those conditions in order to collect samples. This equipment, designed primarily for the underwater oil and mining industries, is clunky, expensive, and difficult to maneuver with the kind of control needed for interacting with delicate sea life. Picking a delicate sea slug off the ocean floor with these tools is akin to trying to pluck a grape using pruning shears. |
 | EV charging in cold temperatures could pose challenges for driversNew research from Idaho National Laboratory suggests that electric vehicle drivers could face longer charging times when temperatures drop. The reason: cold temperatures impact the electrochemical reactions within the cell, and onboard battery management systems limit the charging rate to avoid damage to the battery. |
 | 'Blurred face' news anonymity gets an artificial intelligence spinA research team from SFU's School of Interactive Arts and Technology (SIAT) has come up with a way to replace the use of 'blurring' faces in news reports when anonymity is needed. The team's method uses artificial intelligence (AI) techniques that aim to improve visuals while amplifying emotions tied to the story. |
 | Huawei tops Apple in tightening smartphone market: IDCChina-based Huawei took the second-place spot from Apple in a tightening global smartphone during the second quarter of this year, according to figures released Tuesday by International Data Corporation. |
 | A robotic hand can juggle a cube—with lots of trainingHow long does it take a robotic hand to learn to juggle a cube? |
 | Startup pushing software system for changing health behaviorsA Minneapolis-based startup company said it has raised $12 million to complete work on a technology platform that's meant to help patients and their clinicians find the best strategies for changing unhealthy behaviors. |
 | Baidu profit up 45% on growth in news app and AI pushChinese online search giant Baidu on Wednesday said net profit for the second quarter jumped 45 percent, fuelled by growth in its personalised news app and artificial intelligence (AI) projects. |
 | Slovakia faces challenge of shifting gear into e-carsA small country but ranked as a major automaker, Slovakia now risks paying a heavy price should it miss out on the accelerating change to electric cars, analysts say. |
 | Electricity crisis leaves Iraqis gasping for cool airAs the stultifying summer heat sends Iraqis in search of cool spots, restaurateur Ali Hussein provides sanctuary—even though it means hooking up to an expensive generator. |
 | Sri Lanka reverses hybrid car incentiveSri Lanka Wednesday sharply increased customs duties on imports of the top-selling Japanese hybrid car, in an apparent shift in its policy of encouraging greener vehicles. |
 | Volkswagen profit jumps, but 'great challenges' aheadVolkswagen on Wednesday reported a leap in second quarter profit thanks to strong sales, but the German car giant warned that strict new emissions tests and global trade tensions posed "great challenges" in the months ahead. |
 | Facebook, Instagram to introduce time-management toolsDo you worry that you, or your children, spend too much time on social media? Facebook and Instagram on Wednesday said they want to help you take control. |
 | From cobalt to tungsten: how electric cars and smartphones are sparking a new kind of gold rushWhat's in your stuff? Most of us give no thought to the materials that make modern life possible. Yet technologies such as smart phones, electric vehicles, large screen TVs and green energy generation depend on a range of chemical elements that most people have never heard of. Until the late 20th century, many were regarded as mere curiosities – but now they are essential. In fact, a mobile phone contains over a third of the elements in the periodic table. |
 | What's wrong with big solar in cities? Nothing, if it's done rightMany of us are familiar with developments of big solar farms in rural and regional areas. These are often welcomed as a positive sign of our transition towards a low-carbon economy. But do large-scale solar installations have a place in our cities? |
 | Increased safety for children around lawn mowersRobotic lawn mowers are great for cutting the grass, but they do pose a risk of injury to children playing nearby. Highly advanced sensors developed by Fraunhofer researchers ensure that the lawn mower shuts down when children are in close proximity. The system, which is based on LiDAR technology, uses a single pulse of light to capture the entire surroundings, covering a range of up to 200 meters. |
 | Networked lighting to eliminate auto blind spotsIt is a horror scenario for every driver: Suddenly, a previously invisible pedestrian comes out of the dark between two street lights or the shade of two parked cars. Researchers at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) are working on a method to optimally adapt car headlights to local conditions with the help of external sensors that may be located at the roadside or in other vehicles. |
 | Research reveals the benefits of investment in energy efficiencySeveral new research projects at The University of Manchester's Urban Institute have shown how improvements in the efficiency of household energy use can result in benefits for human health and well-being, economic productivity, environmental quality and urban development. |
The growing gap between physical and social technologiesThe word "technology," from the Greek techne, usually evokes physical technologies like artificial intelligence, swarm robots, and the like. But there's an older meaning. By Jacob Bigelow's 1829 definition, technology can describe a process that benefits society. In that sense, social institutions, like governments and healthcare systems, can be seen, and studied, as technologies. | |
 | Controlling drones via voice channelsThe future is airborne. Drones may soon become the key to relieving the burden of traffic on our streets, optimizing deliveries, and improving the safety and efficiency of firefighting. But there are still a few hurdles to cross before the technology reaches the maturity required for large-scale commercial roll-out. In particular, a suitable communication system to control and determine their location remains a challenge. Drone communications must be stable and widely available, should cost as little as possible, and work reliably even when out of sight. Scientists at the Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications, Heinrich-Hertz-Institute, HHI in Berlin have found a solution: call a drone. "miracle cure" fluctuates greatly, depending on the material used and the environmental factors. With a new measuring device, researchers now want to determine the photocatalytic effectiveness of surfaces more accurately and quickly, thereby increasing efficiency. |
 | Germany moves to tackle sales tax fraud in e-commerceThe German government on Wednesday approved a draft law to crack down on VAT fraud in online sales by tightening the rules for e-commerce giants like Amazon and eBay. |
 | Three Ukrainians arrested for hacking over 100 US companiesThree Ukrainians have been arrested for hacking more than 100 US companies and stealing millions of credit and debit card numbers, the Department of Justice announced Wednesday. |
 | Student charged in elaborate digital money theft schemeA Massachusetts college student who was named his high school's valedictorian for his savvy tech skills hacked into unsuspecting investors' personal cellphones, email and social media accounts to steal at least $2 million in digital currency like Bitcoin, according to documents provided by California prosecutors Wednesday. |
 | WhatsApp out to make money from business messagesFacebook on Wednesday set out to make money from WhatsApp with a scheme to connect businesses with customers via the smartphone messaging service. |
 | Tesla burns $739.5 million in cash on way to record 2Q lossElectric car maker Tesla Inc. burned through $739.5 million in cash last quarter, paving the way to a company record $717.5 million net loss as it cranked out more electric cars. |
 | You'll soon be able to use your iPhone to pay for CVS prescriptions with Apple PayYou'll soon be able to use your iPhone or Apple Watch to pay for prescriptions at CVS or a Slurpee at 7-Eleven. The two previous retail holdouts will start rolling out support nationwide for the the Apple Pay mobile payments system in the fall. Apple CEO Tim Cook made the announcement during an earnings call Tuesday with investors. |
Hearing Amazon's footsteps, Walgreens unveils new digital platform to connect patients to doctorsWalgreens has unveiled a new digital platform to connect customers to medical services, just weeks after its stock dove on news that Amazon is expanding into the pharmacy business. | |
A year after data breach: Atlanta-based Equifax unbowedA year after the worst data breach in U.S. history to date, Atlanta-based Equifax has been chastened, but its business model is unchanged and the company churns on, virtually undamaged by legislative, regulatory or prosecutorial penalties. | |
 | Software framework designed to accelerate drug discovery wins IEEE International Scalable Computing ChallengeSolutions to many real-world scientific and engineering problems—from improving weather models and designing new energy materials to understanding how the universe formed—require applications that can scale to a very large size and high performance. Each year, through its International Scalable Computing Challenge (SCALE), the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) recognizes a project that advances application development and supporting infrastructure to enable the large-scale, high-performance computing needed to solve such problems. |
 | Analysts expect Tesla 2Q revenue gain but big net lossTesla's second-quarter revenue should grow by more than $1 billion as it delivered more Model 3 electric cars. But analysts predict it won't be enough to stop the company's net loss from rising dramatically when the Palo Alto, California, company reports earnings after the bell Wednesday. |
Trump appoints Oklahoma professor to lead science policy officePresident Donald Trump's appointment of a University of Oklahoma professor as director of the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy is being cheered by a leading scientific society. | |
 | Human rights group: Employee targeted with Israeli spywareAn Amnesty International employee has been targeted with Israeli-made surveillance software, the human rights group said Wednesday, adding to a growing number of examples of Israeli technology being used to spy on human rights workers and opposition figures in the Middle East and beyond. |
 | EU coal regions—opportunities and challenges aheadOver the past few decades the production and consumption of coal in the EU has been in steady decline, due to the closure of coal mines and the phasing out of coal use for power generation. |
 | Teaching AI to learn from non-expertsToday my IBM team and my colleagues at the UCSF Gartner lab reported in Nature Methods an innovative approach to generating datasets from non-experts and using them for training in machine learning. Our approach is designed to enable AI systems to learn just as well from non-experts as they do from expert-generated training data. We developed a platform, called Quanti.us, that allows non-experts to analyze images (a common task in biomedical research) and create an annotated dataset. The platform is complemented by a set of algorithms specifically designed to interpret this kind of "noisy" and incomplete data correctly. Used together, these technologies can expand applications of machine learning in biomedical research. |
 | Leaked chats show alleged Russian spy seeking hacking toolsSix years ago, a Russian-speaking cybersecurity researcher received an unsolicited email from Kate S. Milton. |
 | Steve McQueen's family sues Ferrari over trademarkSteve McQueen's descendants are suing Ferrari for marketing autos around the image of the iconic actor without compensating the family. |
Man charged with hacking network of hospital convictedA Massachusetts man has been convicted by a federal jury for attacking the computer network of a world-renowned hospital. | |
Medicine & Health news
 | Eat high-fiber foods to reduce effects of stress on gut and behaviorEating high fibre foods may reduce the effects of stress on our gut and behaviour, according to new research published in The Journal of Physiology. |
 | Women with polycystic ovary syndrome more likely to have a child with autismWomen with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are more likely than other women to have an autistic child, according to an analysis of NHS data carried out by a team at Cambridge University's Autism Research Centre. The research is published today in the journal Translational Psychiatry. |
 | Study finds blind people depend on timing cues for some spatial awarenessIt's a popular idea in books and movies that blind people develop super sensitive hearing to help navigate the world around them. But a study, published August 1 in the journal iScience, shows that, in at least one situation, blind people have more trouble discerning the location of sounds than do people who can see. |
 | Researchers discover new type of lung cell, critical insights for cystic fibrosisResearchers have identified a rare cell type in airway tissue, previously uncharacterized in the scientific literature, that appears to play a key role in the biology of cystic fibrosis. Using new technologies that enable scientists to study gene expression in thousands of individual cells, the team comprehensively analyzed the airway in mice and validated the results in human tissue. |
 | Researchers successfully transplant bioengineered lungA research team at the University of Texas Medical Branch have bioengineered lungs and transplanted them into adult pigs with no medical complication. |
 | Alzheimer's drug may stop disease if used before symptoms developAbout 50 percent of people who reach the age of 85 will develop Alzheimer's disease. Most will die within about five years of exhibiting the hallmark symptoms of the disease – severe memory loss and a precipitous decline in cognitive function. |
 | Red-blood-cell 'hitchhikers' offer new way to transport drugs to specific targetsA new drug-delivery technology which uses red blood cells (RBCs) to shuttle nano-scale drug carriers, called RBC-hitchhiking (RH), has been found in animal models to dramatically increase the concentration of drugs ferried precisely to selected organs, according to a study published in Nature Communications this month by researchers from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. This proof-of-principle study points to ways to improve drug delivery for some of the nation's biggest killers, such as acute lung disease, stroke, and heart attack. |
 | Baby talk words build infants' language skills, study showsThe more baby talk words that infants are exposed to the quicker they grasp language, a study suggests. |
 | New finding could 'pause and rewind' lung cancerA team of Institute researchers have discovered how to stop and reverse the growth of lung cancer with a potent combination of three molecules. |
 | Smarter cancer treatment: AI tool automates radiation therapy planningBeating cancer is a race against time. Developing radiation therapy plans—individualized maps that help doctors determine where to blast tumours—can take days. Now, engineering researcher Aaron Babier has developed automation software that aims to cut the time down to mere hours. |
 | Behavioral nudges lead to striking drop in prescriptions of potent antipsychoticA study led by Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health has found that letters targeting high prescribers of Seroquel (quetiapine), an antipsychotic with potentially harmful side effects in the elderly, significantly reduced the number of prescriptions for patients in Medicare. The results showed that peer comparison letters led to statistically meaningful, persistent decreases in quetiapine prescribing, with no detected negative effects on patients. The findings are online in JAMA Psychiatry. |
 | 3D-printed implants shown to help grow 'real bone'Chemically coated, ceramic implants successfully guided the regrowth of missing bone in lab animals while "steadily dissolving," researchers report. |
 | Potential link between brain trauma and degenerative brain disease revealedA landmark study published in the journal Brain from the Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research of Milan and the University of Glasgow provides first evidence that just a single traumatic brain injury can generate an abnormal form of the dementia associated protein tau that can slowly spread through the brain, resulting in memory deficits and neuronal damage. |
 | After 60 years, scientists uncover how thalidomide produced birth defectsMore than 60 years after the drug thalidomide caused birth defects in thousands of children whose mothers took the drug while pregnant, scientists at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute have solved a mystery that has lingered ever since the dangers of the drug first became apparent: how did the drug produce such severe fetal harm? |
 | Innovative technique converts white fat to brown fatBrown fat tissue in the body can burn enormous amounts of energy to generate heat, and studies in humans and animals have suggested that increasing the amount of healthy brown fat might help weight management and reduce symptoms of diabetes. However, how to safely and effectively increase brown fat has been a significant challenge for researchers. |
 | Microscopic imaging pierces the 'black box' of cancer bone metastasisScientists at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center have engineered a system allowing microscopic monitoring and imaging of cancer that has spread to the bone in mice so they can better understand and develop treatment for bone metastasis in humans. |
 | Germs gaining resistance to hand gels in hospitalsPotentially dangerous bacteria already resistant to antibiotics are now developing resistance to common alcohol-based hand gels, a new study reports. |
 | Nowhere to hide: Molecular probe illuminates elusive cancer stem cells in live miceAfter a primary tumor is treated, cancer stem cells may still lurk in the body, ready to metastasize and cause a recurrence of the cancer in a form that's more aggressive and resistant to treatment. University of Illinois researchers have developed a molecular probe that seeks out these elusive cells and lights them up so they can be identified, tracked and studied not only in cell cultures, but in their native environment: the body. |
 | Researchers develop system that senses smoking movements, sends motivational text messages, videos to help users quitResearchers at Case Western Reserve University are using wearable sensor technology to develop an automatic alert system to help people quit smoking. |
 | Novel drug cocktails strengthen targeted cancer therapies while lessening side effectsMount Sinai researchers have discovered that certain drug cocktails help targeted therapies attack cancer more efficiently while lessening common side effects, according to a study published today in Cancer Research. |
 | Mapping of magnetic particles in the human brainMany living organisms, such as migratory birds, are thought to possess a magnetotactic sense, which enables them to respond to the Earth's magnetic field. Whether or not humans are capable of sensing magnetism is the subject of debate. However, several studies have already shown that one of the preconditions required for such a magnetic sensory system is met: magnetic particles exist in the human brain. Now a team led by Stuart A. Gilder (a professor at LMU's Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences) and Christoph Schmitz (a professor at LMU's Department of Neuroanatomy) has systematically mapped the distribution of magnetic particles in post mortem human brains. Their findings were published in the journal Scientific Reports. |
 | Scientists uncover new facts concerning working memory in childrenResearchers from the Higher School of Economics conducted a meta-analysis in which they compiled data across 17 neuroimaging studies on working memory in children. The data shows concordance in frontoparietal regions recognized for their role in working memory as well as regions not typically highlighted as part of the working memory network, such as the insula. The study, titled "N-back Working Memory Task: Meta-analysis of Normative fMRI Studies With Children," was published in the journal Child Development. |
 | How chronic infections can outsmart the immune systemProfessor Simona Stäger and her team at INRS have discovered a mechanism that causes the body to sabotage its own defenses against infection by visceral leishmaniasis, a fatal tropical disease. This discovery could help in the fight against a number of chronic infections. |
 | How soon is soon enough to learn you have Alzheimer's?Jose Belardo of Lansing, Kan., spent most of his career in the U.S. Public Health Service. He worked on the front lines of disasters in such places as Haiti, Colombia, Nicaragua and the Dominican Republic. At home with his three kids and wife, Elaine, he'd always been unfailingly reliable, so when he forgot their wedding anniversary two years in a row, they both started to worry. |
 | How opioids reshape your brain, and what scientists are learning about addictionNone of us has the brain we were born with. Brains grow and adapt. This process, called neuroplasticity, doesn't end when you step out of the classroom. Even habits—reaching for cookies when stressed out, keeping your head down during staff meetings—cut "trails" in the brain throughout life that can be hard to overcome. |
One in three youth who break the law identify as LGBTQAdolescents who identified as non-heterosexual are significantly over-represented among first-time offenders, according to a new study that examined sexual orientation, gender expression and mental health among adolescents who are involved in the justice system, but are not incarcerated. | |
Only 10 percent of non-dialysis kidney patients ever see a dietitianIn patients with chronic kidney disease, medical nutrition therapy can slow the progression and significantly reduce healthcare costs. | |
 | Financial checkup should be part of health screenings for childhood cancer survivorsAdult survivors of childhood cancer should be screened for financial problems that might cause them to delay or skip medical care or to suffer psychological distress. The recommendation from St. Jude Children's Research Hospital researchers followed an analysis that found 65 percent of survivors reported financial challenges related to their childhood cancer diagnoses. |
 | Frequent sauna bathing has many health benefits, new literature review findsSauna bathing is an activity used for the purposes of pleasure, wellness, and relaxation. Emerging evidence suggests that beyond its use for pleasure, sauna bathing may be linked to several health benefits. A new report published in Mayo Clinic Proceedings found that sauna bathing is associated with a reduction in the risk of vascular diseases, such as high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease, neurocognitive diseases, nonvascular conditions, such as pulmonary diseases, mental health disorders, and mortality. Furthermore, sauna bathing alleviated conditions such as skin diseases, arthritis, headache, and flu. The evidence also suggests that regular sauna baths are associated with a better health-related quality of life. |
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome dissatisfied with medical careA U.S.-based survey of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a common condition characterized by reproductive and metabolic problems, points to distrust and lack of social support from healthcare providers as major contributing factors in their negative medical care experiences, according to a new study published in the Endocrine Society's Journal of the Endocrine Society. | |
 | Learning to change important for improving practice(HealthDay)—Although physicians typically struggle with change, relying on habits created in their practice, learning to change is important in order to improve practices and better deal with the changes sweeping through medicine, according to an article published in Medical Economics. |
 | Inpatient volume greater driver of ambulance diversion(HealthDay)—An increase in inpatient volume is associated with a greater increase in diversion hours for ambulances when the volume increase occurs among inpatients versus emergency department visitors, according to a study published in the July issue of Health Affairs. |
 | Flu vaccine cuts mortality in rheumatoid arthritis patients(HealthDay)—Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), particularly elderly patients, who receive the influenza vaccine have significantly lower morbidity and mortality, according to a study published in the June issue of the International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases. |
India recalls vaccines made by tainted China firmIndia has ordered an immediate recall of rabies vaccines made by a scandal-hit Chinese company, India's drug regulator said Wednesday, complaining it only found out about possible problems through media reports. | |
USDA issues alert about salads, wraps due to parasite worryFederal authorities have issued a public health alert about more than two dozen beef, pork and poultry salad and wrap products as a precaution due to possible parasite contamination. | |
 | Men wait much longer to seek treatment for HIV/AIDS, new global study findsMen seek and start treatment for HIV/AIDS when they are much sicker compared to women, according to a study by researchers from around the world, including at the University of Toronto's Dalla Lana School of Public Health. |
 | Transplant medication matters for controlling cancer riskResearch reveals organ transplant recipients could reduce their risk of developing secondary skin cancer by changing their immunosuppressant medication. |
 | Researchers chart a course for AI-aided diagnosis of degenerative eye conditionsA team of researchers from Johns Hopkins is leading the way in understanding how the advent of electronic medical records with large image databases and advances in artificial intelligence with deep learning can offer medical professionals new opportunities to dramatically improve disease diagnostics. |
 | Active substance raises hopes of curing hepatitis EAn international team of researchers has now found a possible active substance against the virus in the naturally occurring substance silvestrol. The substance inhibited the replication of pathogens both in cell culture and in a mouse model. The researchers led by Dr. Daniel Todt and Prof Dr. Eike Steinmann from the Department of Medical and Molecular Virology at Ruhr-Universität Bochum (RUB) reported in the journal "Antiviral Research" on 23 July 2018. |
 | Overhydrating presents health hazards for young football playersWith August football practice fast approaching, every coach's favorite cheer will be to "stay hydrated" and "keep urine clear" during the summer heat. |
 | Can we predict the long-term outcome of boys with ADHD?A study published in the August 2018 issue of the Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (JAACAP) reports on a group of boys diagnosed with ADHD in childhood (when they were, on average, 8 years old) and followed into adulthood (when they were in their early 40s). The goal was to examine whether boys' characteristics in childhood and adolescence predicted their subsequent school performance, their work, and social adjustment. |
 | Mending tiny heartsA University of Auckland bioengineer is part of an international team whose research will help doctors mend tiny hearts. |
 | Rewiring the brain to fight epilepsyResearchers in the lab of Associate Professor of Biology Suzanne Paradis have discovered a novel treatment for reducing seizure activity in the brains of rodents, a discovery they hope might one day help people living with epilepsy. |
 | Linguistic expertise key to improving Deaf health researchFor the past two years, Tim Riker, a lecturer of American Sign Language at Brown University's Center for Language Studies, has worked with a group of University of Massachusetts Medical School researchers to tackle a significant problem: low levels of health literacy within the Deaf community, due in part to the disconnect between biomedical researchers and the Deaf population. |
The perception of PrEP as an excuse for promiscuityIn 2012, the FDA approved the use of the drug emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate ('Truvada') as an HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) to reduce the risk of HIV infection in the event of exposure. Taking daily PrEP essentially reduces the risk of HIV transmission to near zero. Since its approval, the drug's uptake among gay and bisexual men has been met with conflict, stemming from the perceptions surrounding the drug and those who take it. Stigma has emerged associating PrEP use with sexual promiscuity. Adding to the negative perceptions, discourse in various media have likened PrEP to a 'party drug' with implications that users regularly engage in risky sexual behaviors. | |
 | Anxiety—stop censoring yourself and learn to loseAnxiety disorders are some of the most common mental health problems today. In fact, four out of every 100 people around the world have one, and research my colleagues and I were involved in at the University of Cambridge has shown that women and young people under the age of 39 are most affected. |
 | The rise of the conscious carnivoreThe August long weekend approaches, and many Canadians will celebrate with picnics and barbecues. Meat often plays a central role when choosing the menu for gatherings among family and friends. But it seems eating meat is becoming increasingly controversial, as is selling it. |
Multi-feature-based brain network improves auto-diagnosis of Alzheimer's diseaseResearchers have developed a new method for constructing personal brain networks using multiple structural features to improve the accuracy of diagnosing Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The personal networks accurately classified 96 percent of patients with AD or MCI from healthy control participants, a level similar to the current accuracy of clinical evaluations. The high performance of the method suggests it could be useful in clinics to enhance auto-diagnosis of AD and MCI based on brain imaging. | |
 | Sharing your #shopping on social media can damage your health and your walletPosting images on social media when we buy new clothes, eat out or purchase the latest gadget may seem harmless enough. But this consumption-oriented sharing may be undermining both our bank balance and our mental well-being. |
 | Distrust of power influences choice of medical proceduresFirst World countries have well-developed healthcare systems that employ medical regimens that have been empirically demonstrated to be effective. Despite this, many individuals in Germany and elsewhere, prefer to resort to to complementary and alternative medicine regimens, even though they may have been expressly warned against these. According to recent research, this may be associated with a potent underlying predisposition to believe in conspiracy theories, a trait known as a conspiracy mentality. |
 | Study: Prayer makes families connected, unified and bonded with less relational tensionIn a recently-published study in the Journal of Family Psychology, BYU researchers explored how family prayer influences family relationships, finding a connection between prayer and a number of benefits for families. |
Researchers find treatment for ultra-rare diseaseA new study published in Molecular Genetics and Metabolism, conducted by a Liverpool based research collaboration involving the University of Liverpool, has identified the drug that treats the extremely rare genetic disease alkaptonuria (AKU). | |
 | Gas sensing gut pill beats breath test diagnosisNew trials of a breakthrough swallowable sensor have revealed the device is 3,000 times more accurate than current technology used to diagnose many gut disorders. |
 | Research reveals defence against malaria parasitesA study involving researchers from The Australian National University (ANU) has found that platelets can attack and kill malaria parasites—reducing the number of parasites circulating in the blood. |
 | Measure of belly fat in older adults is linked with cognitive impairmentA new study using data from over 5,000 individuals has found that a measure of belly fat (waist:hip ratio) was associated with reduced cognitive function in older Irish adults (>60 years of age). These findings have significant implications as the global prevalence of dementia is predicted to increase from 24.3 million in 2001 to 81.1 million by 2040. |
A protein could be key to preserving heart function in Duchenne muscular dystrophyA protein known to drive nerve cell survival in the brain and spinal cord might also protect failing hearts in children and young adults with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, according to preliminary research presented at the American Heart Association's Basic Cardiovascular Sciences Scientific Sessions, a premier global exchange of the latest advances in basic cardiovascular science. | |
 | Intensive outpatient therapy shows rapid reduction of veterans' PTSD symptomsMilitary veterans who participated in a three week, intensive outpatient treatment program for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) saw rapid and clinically meaningful changes in PTSD and depression symptoms, according to results of a study by researchers at Rush University Medical Center published July 30 in BMC Psychiatry. This paper adds to the growing body evidence that shows that providing several hours of therapy over several consecutive days could be an important step in addressing the unmet mental health needs of tens of thousands of military veterans. |
 | Congo announces four new Ebola cases in country's northeastAt least four new cases of the Ebola virus have emerged in Congo's northeast, just a week after an outbreak in the northwest was declared over, the country's health ministry said Wednesday. |
 | For better sleep, doctors suggest low-tech, cheap solutionsMillions of people struggle to get enough sleep—and to stay alert the next day. |
 | Makeup of an individual's gut bacteria may play role in weight loss, study suggestsA preliminary study published in the August issue of Mayo Clinic Proceedings suggests that, for some people, specific activities of gut bacteria may be responsible for their inability to lose weight, despite adherence to strict diet and exercise regimens. |
 | Study determines risk factors for opioid misuseCurrent research demonstrates that patients' exposure to opioids following medical care has contributed to the nationwide addiction epidemic. An estimated 2.1 million Americans are reported to have an opioid use disorder associated with prescription medications—the source that accounts for half of all opioid-related deaths in the United States. These sobering numbers are of special concern for surgeons, who must balance the need for postoperative pain management against patients' risk of opioid dependence for the estimated 234 million patients who undergo major surgeries each year. |
 | Sex problems among middle-aged Canadians common, study revealsAt least one third of middle-aged Canadians experience sexual problems, according to a new U of G study. |
Exenatide treatment alleviated symptoms of depression in patientsNon-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD), such as depression, apathy, cognitive impairment, sleep disorders, and sensory symptoms, can have a greater impact on health-related quality of life than motor deficits. In a post hoc analysis of the exenatide-PD trial results, investigators found that patients on exenatide treatment experienced improvements in severity of depression, independent of whether their motor function improved. They report their findings in the Journal of Parkinson's Disease. | |
 | Nine out of ten people caring for a family member with dementia don't get enough sleepMore than 90 percent of people caring for a family member with dementia experience poor sleep, according to new research by the University at Buffalo School of Nursing. |
 | Researchers uncover molecular mechanisms of rare skin diseaseKeratinocyte skin cells are common targets of the beta subtype of human papilloma virus. This usually harmless infection causes skin disease in people with rare gene mutations.[/caption] |
 | 'RITa' helps victims of domestic abuse in the safety of their doctors' officePrimary care practices in Rochester, N.Y., are pilot testing an app that screens patients for domestic violence and makes actionable recommendations for victims and their doctors. |
 | Scientists identify new mechanisms underlying pediatric kidney cancerConnecting two previously unrelated insights about the formation of pediatric kidney cancer, researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have uncovered the means by which the cancer continues to grow, providing potential targets for more effective treatments in the future. |
 | Epigenetic immune cell diagnostic tool helps detect diseases in newborns not currently identifiedA novel diagnostic approach using epigenetic immune monitoring to screen newborns for inherited diseases could expand the number of life-threatening immune deficiencies identified in newborns. This method could enable treatment to begin soon after birth, promising improved disease outcomes and survival. The research is published in the August issue of the journal, Science Translational Medicine. |
 | Obesity could set stage for heart issues in pregnancy(HealthDay)—Young pregnant women who are obese may face a higher risk of changes in heart structure and function, a small new study suggests. |
 | Folic acid supplements in pregnancy help kids of women with epilepsy(HealthDay)— Drugs taken in pregnancy to prevent epilepsy seizures can raise the risk of language delays in children. But new research shows that folic acid supplements can cut that risk. |
 | U.S. murder, suicide rates climbing again(HealthDay)—After a period of steady decline, homicides and suicides are on the rise again in America, new statistics show. |
 | Nut intake reduces HbA1c among adults with T2DM(HealthDay)—Nut intake reduces hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) among individuals with type 2 diabetes, according to a study published in the August issue of Diabetologia. |
 | Steps can be taken by doctors to minimize risk of lawsuits(HealthDay)—Targeted steps can be taken to minimize future risks of lawsuits, according to an article published in Physicians Practice. |
 | Several invasive procedures linked to infective endocarditis(HealthDay)—Several invasive medical procedures, including cardiovascular procedures and procedures of the skin and management of wounds, are associated with increased risk of infective endocarditis, according to a study published in the June 19 issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology. |
 | Telemedicine cuts inter-hospital ICU transfers of critically ill(HealthDay)—Telemedicine is associated with a decrease in inter-hospital intensive care unit (ICU) transfers, according to a study published in the July issue of Chest. |
 | Tamsulosin does not appear to promote urinary stone passage(HealthDay)—Tamsulosin does not significantly increase the urinary stone passage rate compared with placebo, according to a study published online June 18 in JAMA Internal Medicine. |
 | Updated staffing data lowers ratings for many nursing homes(HealthDay)—Star ratings for staffing levels at nearly 1,400 nursing homes across the United States were lowered by Medicare when updated ratings were released on July 25. |
 | Protease inhibitors may worsen outcomes for HIV + heart failure(HealthDay)—Ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor (PI) therapy is associated with worse outcomes, including death, in patients with HIV and heart failure, according to a study published in the July 31 issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology. |
 | Pediatric ward noise at night exceeds recommended levels(HealthDay)—Children and their mothers have poorer quality sleep in pediatric hospital wards than they do at home, and this may be due to significantly raised sound levels in the hospital, according to a study published online July 17 in the Archives of Disease in Childhood. |
Challenges around childbearing owe to dissatisfaction among surgical residentsDespite constituting half of United States medical school graduates, women continue to be underrepresented in the field of surgery, accounting for only one-third of general surgery residency applicants. Research suggests female medical students are deterred by the perception that surgeons have difficulty balancing professional and personal pursuits. Nevertheless, in recent years, female surgeons have become more likely to begin families during residency rather than waiting until their completion of training as they might have in the past. Previous research has found that women who have children during residency often find it challenging to balance pregnancy and parental responsibilities with professional aspirations and the demands of their residency program. | |
 | Latent TB treatment: Shorter is betterTreatment of latent tuberculosis is set to transform after a pair of studies from the Research-Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC) revealed that a shorter treatment was safer and more effective in children and adults compared to the current standard. These findings are published today in the New England Journal of Medicine. |
 | Both long term abstinence and heavy drinking may increase dementia riskPeople who abstain from alcohol or consume more than 14 units a week during middle age (midlife) are at increased risk of developing dementia, finds a study in The BMJ today. |
 | Drugs for heart failure are still under-prescribed, years after initial studyA UCLA-led study found that many people with heart failure do not receive the medications recommended for them under guidelines set by the American College of Cardiology, American Heart Association and Heart Failure Society of America. |
 | Breast tissue tumor suppressor PTEN: A potential Achilles heel for breast cancer cellsIn an article published July 17, 2018 by Nature Communications, a highly collaborative team of researchers at the Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC) and Ohio State University report that normal breast cells can prevent successful radiation treatment of breast cancer due to dysregulation between tumor suppressors and oncogenes. Tumor suppressors act like brakes that stop cells from undergoing uncontrolled growth, while oncogenes are the gas pedal. The tumor suppressor gene of interest in this study is PTEN, which is often mutated in human cancer cells. |
Safeguarding fetal brain health in pregnancies complicated by CHDYao Wu, a research postdoctoral fellow in the Developing Brain Research Laboratory at Children's National Health System, has received a Thrasher Research Fund early career award to expand knowledge about regions of the fetal brain that are vulnerable to injury from congenital heart disease (CHD) during pregnancy. | |
Lung cancer mortality rates among women projected to increase by over 40 percent by 2030The global age-standardized lung cancer mortality rate among women is projected to increase by 43 percent from 2015 to 2030, according to an analysis of data from 52 countries. The global age-standardized breast cancer mortality rate is projected to decrease by 9 percent in the same time frame. | |
Single-payer plan in New York could cover all without increasing spendingA single-payer health care plan could expand coverage for all New York State residents, but would require significant new tax revenue, according to an analysis released today by the RAND Corporation and the New York State Health Foundation. | |
A rare heart condition almost killed her. Now, she wants to protect other young womenIf Lauren Dungan had waited just 30 more minutes, she might be dead. | |
Trump's cheaper short-term health plans have coverage gapsThe Trump administration on Wednesday cleared the way for insurers to sell short-term health plans as a bargain alternative to pricey Obama-law policies for people struggling with high premiums. | |
UN agency warns of another possible Yemen cholera outbreakThe U.N. children's agency warned Wednesday of the potential for another cholera outbreak in war-torn Yemen after airstrikes hit water facilities and other civilian infrastructure in the port city of Hodeida. | |
Video: Face blindness study sheds light on typical brain functionPeople with acquired prosopagnosia recognize few faces, a condition known also as "face blindness." These are people who have suffered brain damage that interferes with their ability to recognize faces, even the faces of people they have met many times. The condition is rare. Only a few thousand people across North America have it. | |
 | Progesterone combined with lipoic acid ameliorates retinal cell damageRetinitis pigmentosa is a rare and hereditary neurodegenerative disease which causes vision loss due to the death of photoreceptors in the retina, and for which there is currently no treatment. A research group headed by professor María Miranda Sanz had previously studied the efficiency of progesterone to ameliorate the death of photoreceptor cells in the retina caused by this disease. Now, in a new project published in the scientific journal Frontiers in Pharmacology, they have observed a higher protective effect of progesterone when combined with a strong antioxidant: lipoic acid. |
 | Finding lost emotions after brain injuryThis week, a study published by scientists at the University of Rochester indicates that a new blood test may make it easier to more quickly diagnose traumatic brain injury (TBI). This is great news, given that TBI factors into about one-third of all injury-related deaths. Although modern medicine has succeeded in lowering the number of deaths directly caused by TBI, the long-term effects that this type of injury has on survivors is still poorly understood. In this piece, we highlight the research of Dr. Dawn Neumann, whose work is aimed at creating interventions to improve the long-term quality of life and emotional health of traumatic brain injury patients. |
 | Getting the temperature just right helps people with dementia stay coolEveryone knows how bad it feels when the temperature is uncomfortably hot or cold. For most of us it doesn't last long as we can take simple steps to get comfortable, such as putting on clothes, opening a window, or switching on a heater. |
 | Putting research at heart of response to epidemics like Ebola saves livesWith the recent outbreak of Ebola in the Democratic Republic of the Congo declared officially over, Michael Regnier looks at how Wellcome's support has helped the people of DRC – and the rest of the world – to be better prepared for the next one. |
 | Using real-time video to get the doctor to the patient in emergenciesAn EU initiative has tested a wearable video device that can help medical professionals remotely diagnose emergency conditions. This will support first responders in saving lives and help to reduce hospital costs. |
 | Ketamine has potential therapeutic role in adolescents with treatment-resistant depressionA new study has shown a significant average decrease in the Children's Depression Rating Scale (42.5%) among adolescents with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) who were treated with intravenous ketamine. The study, which demonstrated the tolerability and potential role of ketamine as a treatment option for adolescents with TRD, is published in Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology. |
Travel times affect neurocritical care unit nurse staffing levelsFor specialist nurses on neurocritical care units, accompanying patients for imaging scans and other procedures has a major impact on nurse staffing ratios, reports a study in the Journal of Neuroscience Nursing, official journal of the American Association of Neuroscience Nurses. | |
 | Quick fixes: 3 ways to combat food cravings(HealthDay)—If you think your inability to control food cravings is all in your head, you're right. Losing weight is about more than cutting calories—you also have to resist food urges. |
Biology news
 | Birds categorize colors just like humans doFor a small, reddish-beaked bird called the zebra finch, sexiness is color-coded. Males have beaks that range from light orange to dark red. But from a female's point of view, a male's colored bill may simply be hot, or not, new findings suggest. |
 | Scientists discover why elusive aye-aye developed such unusual featuresIt is one of the most unusual primates on the planet—famed for its large eyes, big ears and thin, bony finger used for probing. |
 | Wild horses in Theodore Roosevelt National Park have mixed ancestryFeral horses living in Theodore Roosevelt National Park in the Badlands of North Dakota likely had multiple origins, but have since become inbred, according to Igor Ovchinnikov of the University of North Dakota, and colleagues, in a study published August 1 in the open-access journal PLOS ONE. |
 | Common evolutionary origins between vertebrates and invertebrates revealedPlacodes and neural crests are defining features of vertebrates (animals with a spinal cord surrounded by cartilage or bone). Placodes are embryonic structures that develop into sensory organs such as ear, nose, and lens cells, while neural crests develop into various cell lineages such as bone, craniofacial cartilage, and epidermal sensory neurons. |
 | Study confirms that island birds have bigger brainsA team of researchers from Sweden, Canada and Spain has found evidence suggesting that birds that live on islands tend to have bigger brains than their mainland cousins. In their paper published in the journal Nature Communications, the group describes their analysis of data on over 1800 bird species and what they found. |
 | Researchers turn powerful, viscous disinfectants into breathable mist for the first timeA team of engineers and physicians in San Diego have developed a device that diffuses potent disinfectants for airborne delivery. Notably, the device works on a range of disinfectants that have never been atomized before, such as Triethylene glycol, or TEG. |
 | Sharing parenting leads to healthier young, beetle study findsAnimals who share the task of parenting do a better job than parents who do so on their own, according to a study of insects. |
 | In darters, male competition drives evolution of flashy fins, bodiesScientists once thought that female mate choice alone accounted for the eye-catching color patterns seen in some male fish. But for orangethroat darters, male-to-male competition is the real force behind the flash, a new study finds. |
 | Pinpointing a molecule for sea lamprey controlA team of scientists has identified a single molecule that could be a key in controlling invasive sea lampreys. |
 | First global survey of soil genomics reveals a war between fungi and bacteriaSoil is full of life, essential for nutrient cycling and carbon storage. To better understand how it functions, an international research team led by EMBL and the University of Tartu (Estonia) conducted the first global study of bacteria and fungi in soil. Their results show that bacteria and fungi are in constant competition for nutrients and produce an arsenal of antibiotics to gain an advantage over one another. The study can also help predict the impact of climate change on soil, and help us make better use of natural soil components in agriculture. Nature publishes the results on 1 August 2018. |
 | Industrial fisheries' expansion impacts 90 per cent of the global ocean, causes massive catch declineIndustrial fishing fleets have doubled the distance they travel to fishing grounds since 1950 but catch only a third of what they did 65 years ago per kilometre travelled, a new study has found. |
 | Wealthy nations responsible for almost all of trackable industrial fishing across the global oceansAs the global population booms, equitable access to healthy food sources is more important than ever. But, a study conducted by researchers at UC Santa Barbara shows that wealthy countries' industrial fishing fleets dominate the global oceans. This skew in power and control has important implications for how our planet shares food and wealth. |
 | Yeast still grow—but can't always breed—when their sixteen chromosomes are fused into twoBaker's yeast survive and grow after a drastic reorganization, not of their genes, but of the chromosome superstructures that house, protect and control access to their DNA code, a study just published in Nature finds. |
 | Chirality switching in biomineral structuresResearchers at McGill University have discovered a mechanism by which helical biomineral structures can be synthesized to spiral clockwise or counterclockwise using only either the left-handed or right-handed version of a single acidic amino acid. |
 | Computer simulations predict the spread of HIVIn a recently published study in the journal Nature Microbiology, researchers at Los Alamos National Laboratory show that computer simulations can accurately predict the transmission of HIV across populations, which could aid in preventing the disease. |
 | Tagged shortfin mako shark caught and killed by fishermenFor one week every year people seem glued to their televisions watching program after program about sharks. After that week, the spotlight on sharks seems to fade – but not for the researchers who are studying these apex predators all 52 weeks of the year. |
 | Aphids manipulate their foodHow do aphids reproduce on plants so successfully? This is among the questions that Professor Dr. Caroline Müller and her research team are addressing at Bielefeld University's Faculty of Biology. They have discovered that aphids are able to influence the quality of their food, and that this may enable them to construct a niche on their own host plants. Müller's research team is located in the Transregio Collaborative Research Centre NC3 that is studying animals and their individual niches. They have published their findings in the journal New Phytologist. |
 | Single-cell RNA profilingAn LMU team has improved both the sensitivity and efficiency of a popular method for single-cell RNA sequencing, which yields a molecular fingerprint for individual cells based on their patterns of gene activity. |
 | Fruit flies farm their own probioticsThe role of the microbiome is increasingly recognized as part of wellbeing. The most diverse and significant bacteria community is located in the intestines. It is believed that the manipulation of the microbiota can contribute to treating some diseases. However, to enable it, it is necessary to understand the range of bacteria and how they colonize the intestine. Research in this field has used model organisms, namely mice and fruit flies, which also benefit from this association with bacteria. |
 | Mapping endangered red knots' remote breeding habitatThe rufa subspecies of Red Knot travels from its breeding grounds in the Canadian Arctic to its winter habitat in South America and back each year, an incredible 15,000 kilometers each way. Its numbers have fallen precipitously in recent decades, and with such a broad range, determining what's behind the shorebird's decline is a huge challenge. A new study from The Condor: Ornithological Applications examines Red Knot nesting habitat preferences across the Arctic and determines that while there is plenty of breeding habitat to support today's population, climate change could pose a threat in the future. |
 | Insecticide efficacy in turfgrass is focus of studyGrubs are, well, gross. |
 | Researchers rebuild the tree of life of freshwater macroinvertebrates in the European continentA study from the Faculty of Biology and the Biodiversity Research Institute of the University of Barcelona (IRBio-UB) analysed how water macroinvertebrate species, such as beetles, mosquitos and dragonflies, evolved and diversified since their beginnings. With the analysis of the ecological features of about 6,600 European species, researchers rebuilt the functional space they occupy. At the same time, they used DNA sequencing to rebuild the tree of life of aquatic macroinvertebrates showing evolutionary and phylogenic relation between species to estimate when they first appeared and how they evolved. The results show that previous studies were right, suggesting the number of species of each lineage does not depend on the evolutionary time. This study concludes that the oldest lineages have more functional diversity—they can do more things and live in more habitats—than younger ones, whose functional diversity is conditioned by oldest lineages which colonized that habitat previously. |
 | Fight or flight? Sexual cycle determines the behaviour of female guinea pigsDue to a stabile social hierarchy, guinea pigs rely on their intuition to decide whether to compete or to escape. So far, there has been limited research on how the sexual cycle may shape female social behaviour in animals. Researchers from the University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, and the University of Vienna showed now that flight was the preferred strategy during experimental confrontation of two females during oestrus. If the animals were not ready to mate, however, their stress hormone level increased stronger and physical contact was more frequent. |
 | Modeling research identifies potentially profitable bioproductsImagine a new and improved biorefinery, one that produces advanced biofuels as environmentally sustainable as they are economically viable. In the biorefinery of the future, every step of the pipeline is optimized, almost every part of the energy crop is used, and the entire system, from field to fuel, serves to drive down carbon emissions. |
 | Researchers predict distribution of rat lungworm, now and into futureA recent study by University of Hawai'i at Mānoa researchers revealed that Angiostrongylus cantonensis, the rat lungworm, is widespread in the Hawaiian Islands and its distribution may expand, especially towards higher elevations, as the climate warms. |
 | Breakthrough in treatment of deadly 'Alabama rot' dog diseaseResearchers at the Royal Veterinary College's (RVC) Queen Mother Hospital for Animals (QMHA) have made a ground-breaking discovery in the treatment of Alabama rot, a deadly disease which affects dogs. |
 | Newly discovered crossbill species numbers fewAs might be expected for a recently discovered bird species in the continental United States—only the second in nearly 80 years—the Cassia Crossbill (Loxia sinesciuris) is range-restricted. It occurs in just two small mountain ranges on the northeast edge of the Great Basin Desert where it is engaged in a coevolutionary arms race with lodgepole pine. Based on a current paper in The Condor: Ornithological Applications, Cassia Crossbills occupy about 70 km2 of lodgepole pine forest and number only ~5,800 birds. |
 | 95% of lemur population facing extinction: conservationistsNinety-five percent of the world's lemur population is "on the brink of extinction," making them the most endangered primates on Earth, a leading conservation group said Wednesday. |
 | What are the biggest threats to the Endangered Species Act?Since Richard Nixon signed the Endangered Species Act 45 years ago, the law has been credited with rescuing many species from the threat of extinction. Among them: icons such as the bald eagle, gray wolf, grizzly bear, and humpback whale. |
 | Grieving orca highlights plight of endangered whalesWhale researchers are keeping close watch on an endangered orca that has spent the past week keeping her dead calf afloat in Pacific Northwest waters, a display that has struck an emotional chord around the world and highlighted the plight of the declining population that has not seen a successful birth since 2015. |
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