Nature Physics June Issue

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TABLE OF CONTENTS June 2018 Volume 14, Issue 6 Editorial Thesis Books & Arts Research Highlights News & Views Perspectives Letters Articles Amendments & Corrections Measure for Measure   Advertisement   Read the latest science news from A*STAR, the Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore's leading research organization Recent stories: Ultrafast lasers:  New approach to generating ultrashort pulses  Laser spectroscopy:  Measurements through entanglement  Quantum matter:  A surface that makes light work    Advertisement Publishing online monthly, Nature Astronomy aims to bring together astronomers, astrophysicists and planetary scientists. In addition to the latest advances in research, we offer Comment and Opinion pieces on topical subjects of relevance to our community, including the societal impact of astronomy and updates on telescopes and space missions. SUBMIT YOUR RESEARCH TODAY    Advertisement Do you have a career question?  The Naturejobs podcast features one-on-one Q&As, panel discussions and other exclusive content to help scientists with their careers. Hosted on the Naturejobs blog, the podcast is also available on iTunes and Soundcloud. Listen today!   Editorial   Nuclear transitions    p525 doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0183-z Thesis   The ladder of chemical knowledge    p526 Mark Buchanan doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0159-z Advertisement Innovations In: The Biggest Questions in Science Read our new special report on the nature of spacetime, the origin of life, the source of consciousness, and other fundamental questions in science.  Access free online:  Produced with support from: The Kavli Prize      Books & Arts   In our time    p527 Federico Levi doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0165-1 Research Highlights   Friendly persistence    p528 Andreas H. Trabesinger doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0173-1 Metachronal magnets    p528 Abigail Klopper doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0174-0 Black hole limits    p528 David Abergel doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0175-z Sound as a Bell    p528 Federico Levi doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0176-y Function at the junction    p528 Jan Philip Kraack doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0177-x Physics JOBS of the week Senior Scientist - Physics Scion - New Zealand Forest Research Institute Limited Postdoctoral Research Fellow Max Planck - UBC - UTokyo Centre for Quantum Materials research assistant (PhD-student) Freie Universität Berlin, Germany Faculty and Postdoctoral Positions in School of Physics and Electronics at Central South University Central South University More Science jobs from Physics EVENT The 5th Conference on New Advances in Condensed Matter Physics (NACMP 2018) 21.08.18 Kunming, China More science events from News & Views   Leaps of quantum phase    pp529 - 530 Leonid Glazman doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0162-4 Quantum supremacy, here we come    pp530 - 531 Barbara M. Terhal doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0131-y Better than Brillouin    pp531 - 532 Jeremy Bourhill & Michael E. Tobar doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0102-3 The push for a place in the crowd    pp533 - 534 Jacob Notbohm & Brian Burkel doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0114-z Roll up your sleeves    p534 Yun Li doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0178-9 Perspectives   The limits of nuclear mass and charge    pp537 - 541 Witold Nazarewicz doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0163-3 The addition of nihonium, moscovium, tennessine and oganesson to the periodic table are a reminder of the achievements in nuclear physics and chemistry. Witold Nazarewicz outlines the future challenges for the field.   Letters   Network structure from rich but noisy data    pp542 - 545 M. E. J. Newman doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0076-1 A technique allows optimal inference of the structure of a network when the available observed data are rich but noisy, incomplete or otherwise unreliable.   Quantum non-demolition detection of an itinerant microwave photon    pp546 - 549 S. Kono, K. Koshino, Y. Tabuchi, A. Noguchi & Y. Nakamura doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0066-3 Deterministic entanglement of a superconducting qubit and an itinerant microwave photon followed by high-fidelity qubit readout realizes a quantum non-demolition measurement of a microwave photon.   A strongly interacting polaritonic quantum dot    pp550 - 554 Ningyuan Jia, Nathan Schine, Alexandros Georgakopoulos, Albert Ryou, Logan W. Clark et al. doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0071-6 Cavity polaritons whose matter component is composed of highly excited Rydberg atoms are shown to act as a zero-dimensional quantum dot. Trapping 150 polaritons led to the observation of blockaded photon transport.   Rotational spectroscopy of cold and trapped molecular ions in the Lamb–Dicke regime    pp555 - 559 S. Alighanbari, M. G. Hansen, V. I. Korobov & S. Schiller doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0074-3 Doppler-free, ultrahigh-resolution rotational spectroscopy is reported for small molecular ions in a linear quadrupole trap. With 10–9 fractional linewidth, this method has a 50-fold improvement over previous reports.   Attosecond optical-field-enhanced carrier injection into the GaAs conduction band    pp560 - 564 F. Schlaepfer, M. Lucchini, S. A. Sato, M. Volkov, L. Kasmi et al. doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0069-0 Significant enhancement of carrier injection into the conduction band is observed for GaAs subjected to intense resonant near-infrared laser pumping. Attosecond-resolved investigation reveals the interplay between the intra- and interband transitions.   Quantum Landauer erasure with a molecular nanomagnet    pp565 - 568 doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0070-7 Erasing a bit of information has a fundamental, minimal energy cost that is given by the Landauer limit. The erasure of quantum information from a quantum-spin memory register encoded in a molecular nanomagnet is shown to obey the same principle.   Doping-induced disappearance of ice II from water’s phase diagram    pp569 - 572 Jacob J. Shephard, Ben Slater, Peter Harvey, Martin Hart, Craig L. Bull et al. doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0094-z The many phases of water ice continue to be fertile ground for surprising discoveries. This latest study reveals that ice II vanishes from the phase diagram of water upon the addition of small amounts of ammonium fluoride.   Articles   Entanglement of purification through holographic duality    pp573 - 577 Koji Umemoto & Tadashi Takayanagi doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0075-2 A quantity that connects quantum information and gravity in the light of gauge/gravity correspondence is pointed out, leading to interesting properties of the entanglement of purification predicted in the holographic theories.   Mutual information, neural networks and the renormalization group    pp578 - 582 Maciej Koch-Janusz & Zohar Ringel doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0081-4 Finding the relevant degrees of freedom of a system is a key step in any renormalization group procedure. But this can be difficult, particularly in strongly interacting systems. A machine-learning algorithm proves adept at identifying them for us.   Multiscale unfolding of real networks by geometric renormalization    pp583 - 589 Guillermo García-Pérez, Marián Boguñá & M. Ángeles Serrano doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0072-5 Complex networks are not obviously renormalizable, as different length scales coexist. Embedding networks in a geometrical space allows the definition of a renormalization group that can be used to construct smaller-scale replicas of large networks.   Charge quantum interference device    pp590 - 594 S. E. de Graaf, S. T. Skacel, T. Hönigl-Decrinis, R. Shaikhaidarov, H. Rotzinger et al. doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0097-9 The charge–phase duality in superconductors implies that the well-known SQUID has an analogue based on the interference of fluxons. Such a ‘charge quantum interference device’ (or CQUID) has now been experimentally demonstrated.   Characterizing quantum supremacy in near-term devices    pp595 - 600 Sergio Boixo, Sergei V. Isakov, Vadim N. Smelyanskiy, Ryan Babbush, Nan Ding et al. doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0124-x As a benchmark for the development of a future quantum computer, sampling from random quantum circuits is suggested as a task that will lead to quantum supremacy—a calculation that cannot be carried out classically.   Bulk crystalline optomechanics    pp601 - 607 W. H. Renninger, P. Kharel, R. O. Behunin & P. T. Rakich doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0090-3 Optomechanical coupling to macroscopic phonon modes of a bulk acoustic-wave resonator is demonstrated, providing access to high acoustics quality factors for phononic modes at high frequencies that are robust to decoherence.   Towards anti-causal Green’s function for three-dimensional sub-diffraction focusing    pp608 - 612 Guancong Ma, Xiying Fan, Fuyin Ma, Julien de Rosny, Ping Sheng et al. doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0082-3 A metamaterial-based acoustic sink has been designed to serve the purpose of absorbing the diverging waves and demonstrating three-dimensional sub-diffraction spherical sound wave focusing.   Geometric constraints during epithelial jamming    pp613 - 620 Lior Atia, Dapeng Bi, Yasha Sharma, Jennifer A. Mitchel, Bomi Gweon et al. doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0089-9 Epithelial cells are shown to scale via a shape distribution that is common to a number of different systems, suggesting that cell shape and shape variability are constrained through a relationship that is purely geometrical.   Mitotic cells generate protrusive extracellular forces to divide in three-dimensional microenvironments    pp621 - 628 Sungmin Nam & Ovijit Chaudhuri doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0092-1 Little is known about how a cell’s surroundings within tissue influence the mechanics of its division. Experiments on constrained dividing cells reveal that they create protrusive forces in order to undergo the shape changes required for division.   Amendments & Corrections   Publisher Correction: Doping-induced disappearance of ice II from water’s phase diagram    p629 Jacob J. Shephard, Ben Slater, Peter Harvey, Martin Hart, Craig L. Bull et al. doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0135-7 Publisher Correction: Geometric constraints during epithelial jamming    p629 Lior Atia, Dapeng Bi, Yasha Sharma, Jennifer A. Mitchel, Bomi Gweon et al. doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0139-3 Author Correction: Geometric constraints during epithelial jamming    p629 Lior Atia, Dapeng Bi, Yasha Sharma, Jennifer A. Mitchel, Bomi Gweon et al. doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0168-y Author Correction: Quantum Landauer erasure with a molecular nanomagnet    p630 R. Gaudenzi, E. Burzurí, S. Maegawa, H. S. J. van der Zant & F. Luis doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0140-x Measure for Measure   Quantum electrodynamics and the proton size    p632 Thomas Udem doi:10.1038/s41567-018-0166-0 Advertisement Nature Briefing is an essential round-up of science news, opinion and analysis, free in your inbox every weekday. With Nature Briefing, we'll keep you updated on the latest research, so you can focus on yours. 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