Nature Communications - 13 June 2018

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Journal homepage Recommend to library Web feed   Advertisement Princeton University, Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials (PRISM), Nature Communications, Nature Materials, Nature Structural & Molecular Biology present: Princeton — Nature Conference: Frontiers in Electron Microscopy for the Physical and Life Sciences July 11-13, 2018, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA  Register now to secure your place.     Advertisement nature.com webcasts Nature Research Custom Media presents a webcast on: Ultra-Sensitive Immunoassays: Beyond Biomarkers and into PK and Immunogenicity Date: Thursday, June 21, 2018 Dr. Daniel Sikkema, Vice President of Quanterix will present the latest advances in biomarker testing and how to solve drug tolerance and characterization issues for immunogenicity. This webcast has been produced on behalf of the sponsor who retains sole responsibility for content  Register for FREE  Sponsored by: Quanterix        Nature Communications - fully open access All new submissions, if accepted, will be published open access and an article processing charge (APC) will apply. For more information visit the website. Visit our open access funding page or contact openaccess@nature.com to learn more about APC funding.       Latest Review View all Articles         Nature Communications JOBS of the week Chair holder for the Canada Excellence Research Chair (CERC) in Machine Learning for Artificial Intelligence (ML4AI) University of Montréal Lecturer / Senior Lecturer in Organic Chemistry Monash University Postdoctoral Research Scientist Columbia University Medical Center Assistant / Associate Professor in Medicine (Cardiology) and Systems Biology Columbia University Medical Center Photonics Laboratory Facility Manager CUNY Graduate Center Postdoc scholarship in Cancer Research Lund University Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Genomics and Bioinformatics, Genentech Research Genentech Research Associate Professor or Professor Columbia University Sr. Scientist / Group Leader, Bioinformatics Genentech, Inc. Postdoctoral fellow (Immune Screening) - Experimental Cancer Genetics Wellcome Sanger Institute More Science jobs from Nature Communications EVENT 2018 Symposium on Cancer Evolution and Heterogeneity 24.08.18 Shanghai, China More science events from     Latest Articles View all Articles     Precocious centriole disengagement and centrosome fragmentation induced by mitotic delay OPEN Menuka Karki, Neda Keyhaninejad & Charles B. Shuster The spindle assembly checkpoint delays mitotic progression until sister chromatids are bi-oriented. Here the authors show that moderate delays in mitotic progression induce centrosome fragmentation and centriole disengagement and that spindle bipolarity is ensured by HSET-mediated spindle pole clustering. 13 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15803 Centrosome  Mitotic spindle  Experimental study of thermal rectification in suspended monolayer graphene OPEN Haidong Wang, Shiqian Hu, Koji Takahashi, Xing Zhang, Hiroshi Takamatsu & Jie Chen Thermal rectification is instrumental to achieving active heat flow control and energy harvesting in nanoscale devices. Here, the authors demonstrate thermal rectification in asymmetric graphene nanostructures, achieving a large rectification factor up to 26%. 13 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15843 Graphene  Thermoelectric devices and materials  Routing of the RAB6 secretory pathway towards the lysosome related organelle of melanocytes OPEN Anand Patwardhan, Sabine Bardin, Stéphanie Miserey-Lenkei, Lionel Larue, Bruno Goud, Graça Raposo & Cédric Delevoye The anterograde movement of Golgi-derived vesicles requires the small GTPase RAB6, while its effector ELKS targets these vesicles to particular areas of the plasma membrane. Here the authors show that RAB6 and ELKS function in the biogenesis of melanosome, demonstrating that the secretory pathway can be directed towards intracellular organelles of endosomal origin. 13 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15835 Golgi  Small GTPases  Multiple truncated isoforms of MAVS prevent its spontaneous aggregation in antiviral innate immune signalling OPEN Nan Qi, Yuheng Shi, Rui Zhang, Wenting Zhu, Bofeng Yuan, Xiaoyan Li, Changwan Wang, Xuewu Zhang & Fajian Hou MAVS is an essential component of the pathogen-sensing machinery, and functions by forming prion-like filaments. Here the authors show that alternatively translated forms of truncated endogenous MAVS can prevent spontaneous aggregation and degradation in cells to sustain MAVS-mediated immune signalling. 13 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15676 Antimicrobial responses  Mitophagy  RIG-I-like receptors  Signal transduction  Asymmetric Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of heterocycles via Rhodium-catalysed allylic arylation of racemates OPEN Philipp Schäfer, Thomas Palacin, Mireia Sidera & Stephen P. Fletcher Asymmetric Suzuki-Miyaura procedures often have difficulty incorporating heterocyclic reagents, despite the importance of these in the pharmaceutical industry. Here the authors report a rhodium catalysed cross-coupling that tolerates a wide variety of nucleophiles including a range of heterocycles. 13 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15762 Asymmetric catalysis  Asymmetric synthesis  Synthetic chemistry methodology  An ubiquitin-dependent balance between mitofusin turnover and fatty acids desaturation regulates mitochondrial fusion OPEN Laetitia Cavellini, Julie Meurisse, Justin Findinier, Zoi Erpapazoglou, Naïma Belgareh-Touzé, Allan M. Weissman & Mickael M. Cohen Mitochondrial fusion is crucial for cellular homeostasis but its regulation is still not fully understood. Here the authors report that a cross-talk between ubiquitin protease Ubp2 and ligases Mdm30 and Rsp5 modulates mitofusin Fzo1 levels and fatty acids saturation and thus mitochondrial fusion. 13 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15832 Membrane fusion  Mitochondria  Ubiquitylation  Experimental evidence of Willis coupling in a one-dimensional effective material element OPEN Michael B. Muhlestein, Caleb F. Sieck, Preston S. Wilson & Michael R. Haberman Metamaterials enable the realization of unique material properties such as coupling between strain and momentum in a fluid—known as Willis coupling. Here, Muhlestein et al. use homogenization theory to better understand Willis coupling in acoustic metamaterials and demonstrate the unusual material response. 13 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15625 Acoustics  Mechanical engineering  Reproductive fitness and genetic risk of psychiatric disorders in the general population OPEN Niamh Mullins, Andrés Ingason, Heather Porter, Jack Euesden, Alexandra Gillett, Sigurgeir Ólafsson, Daniel F. Gudbjartsson, Cathryn M. Lewis, Engilbert Sigurdsson, Evald Saemundsen, Ólafur Ó Gudmundsson, Michael L. Frigge, Augustine Kong, Agnar Helgason, G. Bragi Walters, Omar Gustafsson, Hreinn Stefansson & Kari Stefansson Why genetic variants that confer risk for psychiatric disorders persist in the genome is an evolutionary conundrum. Here, Mullins et al. report association of polygenic risk for autism with having fewer children and polygenic risk for ADHD with higher reproductive fitness. 13 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15833 Autism spectrum disorders  Evolutionary biology  Genetic association study  Cellular senescence drives age-dependent hepatic steatosis OPEN Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is more common among older individuals. Here, the authors show that senescent cells in the liver promote fat accumulation and steatosis in the liver, and that clearance of senescent cells reduces hepatic steatosis in old, obese or diabetic mice. 13 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15691 Ageing  Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis  Senescence  Hierarchical porous carbons with layer-by-layer motif architectures from confined soft-template self-assembly in layered materials OPEN Jie Wang, Jing Tang, Bing Ding, Victor Malgras, Zhi Chang, Xiaodong Hao, Ya Wang, Hui Dou, Xiaogang Zhang & Yusuke Yamauchi 2D nanomaterials are promising capacitive energy storage materials, but their tendency to restack hinders electrolyte transport. Here, Yamauchi and colleagues introduce 2D ordered mesoporous carbons in between MXene layers, and metal removal affords all-carbon porous 2D–2D heterostructures in which restacking is prevented. 12 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15717 Chemical engineering  Materials chemistry  Porous materials  Supercapacitors  Mutual synchronization of spin torque nano-oscillators through a long-range and tunable electrical coupling scheme OPEN R. Lebrun, S. Tsunegi, P. Bortolotti, H. Kubota, A. S. Jenkins, M. Romera, K. Yakushiji, A. Fukushima, J. Grollier, S. Yuasa & V. Cros The spintronics based complex network is promising for next generation computing systems but hampered by short-range spin-wave coupling. The authors make progress by achieving long range and tunable mutual synchronization of two spin-torque oscillators with improved emission power and signal linewidth. 12 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15825 Electronic and spintronic devices  Magnetic devices  Spintronics  In-beam measurement of the hydrogen hyperfine splitting and prospects for antihydrogen spectroscopy OPEN M. Diermaier, C. B. Jepsen, B. Kolbinger, C. Malbrunot, O. Massiczek, C. Sauerzopf, M. C. Simon, J. Zmeskal & E. Widmann Comparing the ground-state hyperfine structure of antihydrogen to that of hydrogen will provide insights into CPT symmetry in nature. Here the authors report the most precise in-beam measurement of this quantity for hydrogen to demonstrate the viability of ASACUSA’s setup to measure it in antihydrogen. 12 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15749 Electronic structure of atoms and molecules  Experimental particle physics  Optogenetic control of RhoA reveals zyxin-mediated elasticity of stress fibres OPEN Patrick W. Oakes, Elizabeth Wagner, Christoph A. Brand, Dimitri Probst, Marco Linke, Ulrich S. Schwarz, Michael Glotzer & Margaret L. Gardel Cellular contractility is regulated by the GTPase RhoA, but how local signals are translated to a cell-level response is not known. Here the authors show that targeted RhoA activation results in propagation of force along stress fibres and actin flow, and identify zyxin as a regulator of stress fibre mechanics and homeostasis. 12 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15817 Actin  Biopolymers in vivo  Motor proteins  RHO signalling  Diffusion engineering of ions and charge carriers for stable efficient perovskite solar cells OPEN Enbing Bi, Han Chen, Fengxian Xie, Yongzhen Wu, Wei Chen, Yanjie Su, Ashraful Islam, Michael Grätzel, Xudong Yang & Liyuan Han Ion migration in perovskite solar cells are known to cause hysteresis and instability. Bi et al., report a charge extraction layer based on graphene, fullerenes and carbon quantum dots which suppresses ion diffusion and enhances charge carrier diffusion leading to efficient devices with improved stability. 12 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15330 Electrical and electronic engineering  Solar cells  The anaphase promoting complex impacts repair choice by protecting ubiquitin signalling at DNA damage sites OPEN Kyungsoo Ha, Chengxian Ma, Han Lin, Lichun Tang, Zhusheng Lian, Fang Zhao, Ju-Mei Li, Bei Zhen, Huadong Pei, Suxia Han, Marcos Malumbres, Jianping Jin, Huan Chen, Yongxiang Zhao, Qing Zhu & Pumin Zhang The choice between homologous recombination and non-homologous end-joining is largely influenced by cell cycle. Here the authors show that APCCdh1 promotes homologous recombination by removing USP1, allowing polyubiquitinated histones to recruit BRCA1. 12 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15751 DNA damage response  Double-strand DNA breaks  Pyrazinamide and derivatives block ethylene biosynthesis by inhibiting ACC oxidase OPEN Xiangzhong Sun, Yaxin Li, Wenrong He, Chenggong Ji, Peixue Xia, Yichuan Wang, Shuo Du, Hongjiang Li, Natasha Raikhel, Junyu Xiao & Hongwei Guo Ethylene is a plant hormone that promotes fruit ripening. Here, the authors identify pyrazinamide, a drug used to treat tuberculosis, as an inhibitor of ethylene biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana and present the crystal structure of its active form (pyrazinecarboxylic acid) bound to ACC oxidase. 12 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15758 Plant hormones  Target identification  X-ray crystallography  Immiscible hydrocarbon fluids in the deep carbon cycle OPEN Fang Huang, Isabelle Daniel, Hervé Cardon, Gilles Montagnac & Dimitri A. Sverjensky Carbon migration in the deep Earth is still not fully understood. Here, the authors show that immiscible isobutane forms in situ from transformation of aqueous sodium acetate at 300 °C and 2.4–3.5 GPa, indicating that hydrocarbon fluids may play a major role in carbon transfer in the deep carbon cycle. 12 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15798 Geochemistry  Petrology  Identification of the elementary structural units of the DNA damage response OPEN Francesco Natale, Alexander Rapp, Wei Yu, Andreas Maiser, Hartmann Harz, Annina Scholl, Stephan Grulich, Tobias Anton, David Hörl, Wei Chen, Marco Durante, Gisela Taucher-Scholz, Heinrich Leonhardt & M. Cristina Cardoso Phosphorylated histone H2AX is an early signalling event of DNA double-strand breaks. Here the authors use super-resolution microscopy and ChIP-seq and identify ‘nano-domains’ – chromatin loops decorated by γH2AX and flanked by CTCF. 12 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15760 DNA damage and repair  Histone post-translational modifications  Super-resolution microscopy  Cryogenic strength improvement by utilizing room-temperature deformation twinning in a partially recrystallized VCrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy OPEN Y. H. Jo, S. Jung, W. M. Choi, S. S. Sohn, H. S. Kim, B. J. Lee, N. J. Kim & S. Lee CrMnFeCoNi high entropy alloys have high fracture toughness at cryogenic temperatures due to deformation twinning but twinning is not active in this alloy at room temperature. Here authors optimize composition and thermomechanical treatments to introduce non-recrystallized grains, producing high yield strength while maintaining good ductility. 12 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15719 Mechanical properties  Metals and alloys  Electrical resistance of individual defects at a topological insulator surface OPEN Felix Lüpke, Markus Eschbach, Tristan Heider, Martin Lanius, Peter Schüffelgen, Daniel Rosenbach, Nils von den Driesch, Vasily Cherepanov, Gregor Mussler, Lukasz Plucinski, Detlev Grützmacher, Claus M. Schneider & Bert Voigtländer Exploiting topological insulator surface states in electronic devices requires an understanding of the factors that affect transport. Here, the authors use scanning tunnelling potentiometry to determine the contributions of different kinds of surface defects to the electrical resistance. 12 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15704 Electronic properties and materials  Surfaces, interfaces and thin films  Topological matter  Structural and mechanistic basis of differentiated inhibitors of the acute pancreatitis target kynurenine-3-monooxygenase OPEN Jonathan P. Hutchinson, Paul Rowland, Mark R. D. Taylor, Erica M. Christodoulou, Carl Haslam, Clare I. Hobbs, Duncan S. Holmes, Paul Homes, John Liddle, Damian J. Mole, Iain Uings, Ann L. Walker, Scott P. Webster, Christopher G. Mowat & Chun-wa Chung Kynurenine-3-monooxygenase (KMO) is an emerging clinical target for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and acute pancreatitis. Here, the authors report potent inhibitors that bind KMO in an unexpected conformation, offering structural and mechanistic insights for future drug discovery ventures. 12 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15827 Chemical biology  Drug discovery  X-ray crystallography  Differential processing of thalamic information via distinct striatal interneuron circuits OPEN Maxime Assous, Jaime Kaminer, Fulva Shah, Arpan Garg, Tibor Koós & James M. Tepper The responses of striatal GABAergic interneurons to thalamic inputs are not well characterised. Here, the authors demonstrate that complex intrastriatal circuitry is responsible for thalamic-evoked monosynaptic and disynaptic excitation in NPY-NGF interneurons but a disynaptic inhibition in the NPY-PLTS. 12 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15860 Neural circuits  Striatum  Thalamus  All-optical observation and reconstruction of spin wave dispersion OPEN Yusuke Hashimoto, Shunsuke Daimon, Ryo Iguchi, Yasuyuki Oikawa, Ka Shen, Koji Sato, Davide Bossini, Yutaka Tabuchi, Takuya Satoh, Burkard Hillebrands, Gerrit E. W. Bauer, Tom H. Johansen, Andrei Kirilyuk, Theo Rasing & Eiji Saitoh Observation of the entire dispersion relation for spin waves remains a challenge which prevents the full understanding of many intriguing magnetic properties. Here, the authors develop a table-top all-optical approach to map out the dispersion curve of pure-magnetostatic waves in magnetic films. 12 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15859 Characterization and analytical techniques  Magnetic properties and materials  Spintronics  CMG2/ANTXR2 regulates extracellular collagen VI which accumulates in hyaline fibromatosis syndrome OPEN Jérôme Bürgi, Béatrice Kunz, Laurence Abrami, Julie Deuquet, Alessandra Piersigilli, Sabine Scholl-Bürgi, Ekkehart Lausch, Sheila Unger, Andrea Superti-Furga, Paolo Bonaldo & F. Gisou van der Goot Hyaline fibromatosis syndrome (HFS) is a hereditary disease characterized by nodular cutaneous lesions and joint pain. Here Bürgi et al. show that CMG2/ANTXR2 regulates collagen VI abundance, with loss-of-function mutations promoting collagen VI accumulation in HFS nodules and myometrial collagen deposition and sterility in mice, which can be rescued by depleting collagen VI. 12 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15861 Cell signalling  Extracellular matrix  Mechanisms of disease  Reconstruction of stochastic temporal networks through diffusive arrival times OPEN Xun Li & Xiang Li Reconstruction of time-resolved interactions in networks is more challenging than for the time-independent case, as causal relations limit accessibility to empirical data. Here the authors propose a method based on first-arrival observations of a diffusion process to infer stochastic temporal networks. 12 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15729 Complex networks  Bub1 positions Mad1 close to KNL1 MELT repeats to promote checkpoint signalling OPEN Gang Zhang, Thomas Kruse, Blanca López-Méndez, Kathrine Beck Sylvestersen, Dimitriya H. Garvanska, Simone Schopper, Michael Lund Nielsen & Jakob Nilsson The spindle assembly checkpoint ensures correct chromosome segregation and relies on kinetochore localization of the Bub1 and Mad1/Mad2 checkpoint proteins. Here the authors show that main function of Bub1 is to position Mad1 close to KNL1 MELT repeats in human cells. 12 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15822 Checkpoints  Kinetochores  In vitro differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into ovarian follicle-like cells OPEN Dajung Jung, Jie Xiong, Min Ye, Xunsi Qin, Lin Li, Shunfeng Cheng, Mengyuan Luo, Jia Peng, Ji Dong, Fuchou Tang, Wei Shen, Martin M. Matzuk & Kehkooi Kee In vitro production of human oocytes for the treatment of female infertility is a goal in reproductive medicine. Here, the authors establish in vitro conditions to generate human ovarian follicle-like cells from human embryonic stem cells. 12 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15680 Embryonic germ cells  Stem-cell differentiation  Well-defined porous membranes for robust omniphobic surfaces via microfluidic emulsion templating OPEN Pingan Zhu, Tiantian Kong, Xin Tang & Liqiu Wang Designing mechanically and chemically robust liquid-repellent surfaces remains a longstanding challenge. Here, Wang and colleagues report a microfluidic emulsion templating strategy to fabricate bioinspired omniphobic porous membranes with remarkable durability. 12 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15823 Design, synthesis and processing  Self-assembly  Surface patterning  Wetting  INO80 exchanges H2A.Z for H2A by translocating on DNA proximal to histone dimers OPEN Sandipan Brahma, Maheshi I. Udugama, Jongseong Kim, Arjan Hada, Saurabh K. Bhardwaj, Solomon G. Hailu, Tae-Hee Lee & Blaine Bartholomew Chromatin remodellers usually mobilize or disassemble nucleosomes by translocating along the nucleosomal DNA at the H3-H4 interface. Here, the authors provide evidence chromatin remodeller INO80 translocates along DNA at the H2A-H2B interface and displaces DNA from the surface of H2A-H2B. 12 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15616 Chromatin remodelling  Enzyme mechanisms  Autism-like behaviours and enhanced memory formation and synaptic plasticity in Lrfn2/SALM1-deficient mice OPEN Naoko Morimura, Hiroki Yasuda, Kazuhiko Yamaguchi, Kei-ichi Katayama, Minoru Hatayama, Naoko H. Tomioka, Maya Odagawa, Akiko Kamiya, Yoshimi Iwayama, Motoko Maekawa, Kazuhiko Nakamura, Hideo Matsuzaki, Masatsugu Tsujii, Kazuyuki Yamada, Takeo Yoshikawa & Jun Aruga Lrfn2/SALM1 is a synaptic adhesion molecule, and is known to interact with PSD-95. Here the authors show that Lrfn2 regulates excitatory synapse maturation and maintenance, and that Lrfn2 knockout mice exhibit autism-like behaviours as well as enhanced learning and memory. 12 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15800 Developmental disorders  Hippocampus  Long-term potentiation  Molecular neuroscience  Social behaviour  A solid state source of photon triplets based on quantum dot molecules OPEN Milad Khoshnegar, Tobias Huber, Ana Predojević, Dan Dalacu, Maximilian Prilmüller, Jean Lapointe, Xiaohua Wu, Philippe Tamarat, Brahim Lounis, Philip Poole, Gregor Weihs & Hamed Majedi Multipartite photon states are desirable in quantum information technology but their generation in optical systems is less efficient with poor scaling. Here the authors demonstrate time-ordered photon triplets from a quantum dot molecule in a direct generation process with increased efficiency. 12 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15716 Quantum dots  Quantum information  Genetic diagnosis of Mendelian disorders via RNA sequencing OPEN Laura S. Kremer , Daniel M. Bader, Christian Mertes, Robert Kopajtich, Garwin Pichler, Arcangela Iuso, Tobias B. Haack, Elisabeth Graf, Thomas Schwarzmayr, Caterina Terrile, Eliška Koňaříková, Birgit Repp, Gabi Kastenmüller, Jerzy Adamski, Peter Lichtner, Christoph Leonhardt, Benoit Funalot, Alice Donati, Valeria Tiranti, Anne Lombes et al. Genome sequencing alone fails to provide a genetic diagnosis for many Mendelian disorder patients. Here, the authors utilize RNA sequencing to complement genotyping of patients with a rare mitochondrial disease by detecting aberrant RNA expression, splicing and allele-specific expression. 12 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15824 Genetic testing  Genetics research  RNA sequencing  RNA splicing  EMT cells increase breast cancer metastasis via paracrine GLI activation in neighbouring tumour cells OPEN Deepika Neelakantan, Hengbo Zhou, Michael U. J. Oliphant, Xiaomei Zhang, Lukas M. Simon, David M. Henke, Chad A. Shaw, Meng-Fen Wu, Susan G. Hilsenbeck, Lisa D. White, Michael T. Lewis & Heide L. Ford Recent findings have challenged the centrality of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in promoting tumour progression. Here the authors show that EMT cells can promote breast cancer metastasis by non-cell autonomous activation of the GLI transcriptional program in neighbouring epithelial tumour cells. 12 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15773 Breast cancer  Tumour heterogeneity  Quantum tunnelling and charge accumulation in organic ferroelectric memory diodes OPEN Matteo Ghittorelli, Thomas Lenz, Hamed Sharifi Dehsari, Dong Zhao, Kamal Asadi, Paul W. M. Blom, Zsolt M. Kovács-Vajna, Dago M. de Leeuw & Fabrizio Torricelli Organic non-volatile memories based on ferroelectric and semiconductor polymers are one of promising candidates for flexible electronics, yet the relevant device physics remains elusive. Ghittorelli et al. show that quantum tunnelling and charge accumulation govern the ferroelectric memory operation. 12 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15841 Applied physics  Electrical and electronic engineering  Electronic and spintronic devices  Materials science  Centromeres are maintained by fastening CENP-A to DNA and directing an arginine anchor-dependent nucleosome transition OPEN Lucie Y. Guo, Praveen Kumar Allu, Levani Zandarashvili, Kara L. McKinley, Nikolina Sekulic, Jennine M. Dawicki-McKenna, Daniele Fachinetti, Glennis A. Logsdon, Ryan M. Jamiolkowski, Don W. Cleveland, Iain M. Cheeseman & Ben E. Black Centromere maintenance depends on the persistence of the histone variant CENP-A at the centromeres. Here, the authors characterize the core centromeric nucleosome complex wherein CENP-C confers a stable CENP-A nucleosome conformation and CENP-N fastens CENP-A to the DNA. 09 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15775 Centromeres  Supramolecular assembly  Local probe of single phonon dynamics in warm ion crystals OPEN A. Abdelrahman, O. Khosravani, M. Gessner, A. Buchleitner, H. -P. Breuer, D. Gorman, R. Masuda, T. Pruttivarasin, M. Ramm, P. Schindler & H. Häffner An exhausting characterization of the coherence properties of quantum system becomes challenging with increasing system size. Here the authors demonstrate that phonon autocorrelation functions and quantum discord can be measured with local control, and validate it in a string of 42 trapped ions. 09 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15712 Atomic and molecular interactions with photons  Quantum mechanics  Pumping approximately integrable systems OPEN Florian Lange, Zala Lenarčič & Achim Rosch Integrable models have an infinite number of conserved quantities but most realizations suffer from integrability breaking perturbations. Here the authors show that weakly driving such a system by periodic perturbations leads to large nonlinear responses governed by the approximate conservation laws. 09 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15767 Nonlinear phenomena  Statistical physics  Theoretical physics  Different populations of CD11b+ dendritic cells drive Th2 responses in the small intestine and colon OPEN Johannes U. Mayer, Mimoza Demiri, William W. Agace, Andrew S. MacDonald, Marcus Svensson-Frej & Simon W. Milling T helper 2 (Th2) cell responses are essential for immunity against parasites, but how Th2 response is modulated in the gut is still unclear. Here the authors show that distinct dendritic cell subsets distinguishable by CD11b, CD103 and IRF4 function in the small intestine or colon to promote Th2 responses. 09 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15820 Antigen-presenting cells  Antimicrobial responses  Lymphocyte differentiation  Mucosal immunology  Mesoscopic chaos mediated by Drude electron-hole plasma in silicon optomechanical oscillators OPEN Jiagui Wu, Shu-Wei Huang, Yongjun Huang, Hao Zhou, Jinghui Yang, Jia-Ming Liu, Mingbin Yu, Guoqiang Lo, Dim-Lee Kwong, Shukai Duan & Chee Wei Wong Chaotic behaviour of optomechanical systems has only recently been investigated and observed. Here, Wu et al. study the chaos dynamics in a silicon platform where coupled electron-hole plasma dynamics is possible, providing a route towards chip-scale mesoscopic nonlinear dynamics. 09 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15570 Optomechanics  Photonic crystals  Statistical physics, thermodynamics and nonlinear dynamics  Zinc-dependent regulation of zinc import and export genes by Zur OPEN Seung-Hwan Choi, Kang-Lok Lee, Jung-Ho Shin, Yoo-Bok Cho, Sun-Shin Cha & Jung-Hye Roe Zinc homeostasis in most bacteria is achieved by a set of regulators, each responding to a certain level of intracellular zinc. Here the authors show that, in Streptomyces coelicolor, the Zur regulator modulates the expression of genes for zinc import and export over a large range of zinc concentrations. 09 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15812 Bacterial genes  Transcriptional regulatory elements  Anthropogenic climate change has altered primary productivity in Lake Superior OPEN M. D. O’Beirne, J. P. Werne, R. E. Hecky, T. C. Johnson, S. Katsev & E. D. Reavie The impacts of climate change on the Great Lakes’ ecosystems compared to historical records are unclear. Here, using paleolimnological evidence, the authors show that Lake Superior experienced a slow increase in productivity throughout the Holocene, but that this rate has increased in the last century. 09 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15713 Carbon cycle  Element cycles  Environmental impact  Limnology  Reactivation of associative structure specific outcome responses during prospective evaluation in reward-based choices OPEN Maya Zhe Wang & Benjamin Y. Hayden How the brain evaluates options to make a reward-based choice is unclear. Here, authors show that, prior to choice, neural activity patterns to the potential outcomes are reactivated in macaque orbitofrontal cortex, in a way that reflects the unique event sequences leading up to the outcomes. 09 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15821 Motivation  Reward  Working memory  Temperature-regulated guest admission and release in microporous materials OPEN Gang (Kevin) Li, Jin Shang, Qinfen Gu, Rohan V. Awati, Nathan Jensen, Andrew Grant, Xueying Zhang, David S. Sholl, Jefferson Z. Liu, Paul A. Webley & Eric F. May Regulating guest access and release in porous materials remains an important goal. Here, May and colleagues elucidate the mechanism by which guest admission can be temperature-regulated in typical microporous materials, and experimentally exploit this process to achieve appreciable and reversible hydrogen storage. 09 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15777 Chemical engineering  Hydrogen storage materials  Metal–organic frameworks  Porous materials  Structure of the Rpn13-Rpn2 complex provides insights for Rpn13 and Uch37 as anticancer targets OPEN Xiuxiu Lu, Urszula Nowicka, Vinidhra Sridharan, Fen Liu, Leah Randles, David Hymel, Marzena Dyba, Sergey G. Tarasov, Nadya I. Tarasova, Xue Zhi Zhao, Jun Hamazaki, Shigeo Murata, Terrence R. Burke, Jr. & Kylie J. Walters In the proteasome, Rpn2 provides the docking site for substrate receptor Rpn13. Here the authors present the structure of human Rpn13 Pru domain bound to its binding site in Rpn2 and provide insights into the mode of action for Rpn13-targeting molecule RA190, which has anticancer properties. 09 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15540 Drug development  Intracellular signalling peptides and proteins  Solution-state NMR  Age-related delay in visual and auditory evoked responses is mediated by white- and grey-matter differences OPEN D. Price , L. K. Tyler, R. Neto Henriques, K. L. Campbell, N. Williams, M.S. Treder, J. R. Taylor, Cam-CAN, Carol Brayne, Edward T. Bullmore, Andrew C. Calder, Rhodri Cusack, Tim Dalgleish, John Duncan, Fiona E. Matthews, William D. Marslen-Wilson, James B. Rowe, Meredith A. Shafto, Teresa Cheung, Simon Davis et al. Neural processing speed slows with age, but the relationship between this slowing and brain atrophy is unknown. Here, authors show that age-related functional brain differences in auditory and visual processing are partly due to structural differences in the distinct brain regions underlying these processes. 09 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15671 Cortex  Neural ageing  Sensory processing  Striate cortex  Constriction of the mitochondrial inner compartment is a priming event for mitochondrial division OPEN Bongki Cho, Hyo Min Cho, Youhwa Jo, Hee Dae Kim, Myungjae Song, Cheil Moon, Hyongbum Kim, Kyungjin Kim, Hiromi Sesaki, Im Joo Rhyu, Hyun Kim & Woong Sun The role of morphological alterations in the mitochondrial inner-membrane in regulating mitochondrial division are unknown. Here, the authors describe spontaneous and repetitive constriction of the mitochondrial inner compartment, and suggest this acts as a priming event for efficient mitochondrial division. 09 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15754 Calcium signalling  Membrane fission  Mitochondria  Distinct homotypic B-cell receptor interactions shape the outcome of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia OPEN Claudia Minici, Maria Gounari, Rudolf Übelhart, Lydia Scarfò, Marcus Dühren-von Minden, Dunja Schneider, Alpaslan Tasdogan, Alabbas Alkhatib, Andreas Agathangelidis, Stavroula Ntoufa, Nicholas Chiorazzi, Hassan Jumaa, Kostas Stamatopoulos, Paolo Ghia & Massimo Degano Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is characterized by cell-autonomous B-cell receptor (BcR)-mediated signalling of neoplastic B lymphocytes. Here the authors unveil the structural basis and diversity of activatory homotypic BcR contacts and link them with CLL heterogeneity and the clinical outcome. 09 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15746 B-cell receptor  Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia  X-ray crystallography  Controlling hybrid nonlinearities in transparent conducting oxides via two-colour excitation OPEN M. Clerici, N. Kinsey, C. DeVault, J. Kim, E. G. Carnemolla, L. Caspani, A. Shaltout, D. Faccio, V. Shalaev, A. Boltasseva & M. Ferrera Metamaterials have enabled the tailored engineering of optical properties. Here, Clerici et al. show that independent interband and intraband nonlinearities in transparent conducting oxides allow dynamic optical control of the real and imaginary parts of the refractive index. 09 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15829 Materials for optics  Nonlinear optics  11% efficiency solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells with copper(II/I) hole transport materials OPEN Yiming Cao, Yasemin Saygili, Amita Ummadisingu, Joël Teuscher, Jingshan Luo, Norman Pellet, Fabrizio Giordano, Shaik Mohammed Zakeeruddin, Jacques -E. Moser, Marina Freitag, Anders Hagfeldt & Michael Grätzel Inadequate pore infiltration and low conductivity of hole transporter materials limit the performance of solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells. Using fast charge-exchange Cu(II/I) complexes as part of the hole transporting material, Cao et al. overcome these issues to achieve a record photoconversion efficiency of 11%. 09 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15390 Energy  Materials for devices  Nanoscale materials  Solar cells  The influence of Antarctic subglacial volcanism on the global iron cycle during the Last Glacial Maximum OPEN Silvia Frisia, Laura S. Weyrich, John Hellstrom, Andrea Borsato, Nicholas R. Golledge, Alexandre M. Anesio, Petra Bajo, Russell N. Drysdale, Paul C. Augustinus, Camille Rivard & Alan Cooper Contributions of iron sources to Southern Ocean CO2 sequestration during the last glacial period remain uncertain. Here, based on the biogeochemical analysis of subglacial calcites, the authors propose Antarctic volcanism, via subglacial drainage of Fe-rich waters, as a key contributor. 09 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15425 Element cycles  Palaeoclimate  Raptor regulates functional maturation of murine beta cells OPEN Qicheng Ni, Yanyun Gu, Yun Xie, Qinglei Yin, Hongli Zhang, Aifang Nie, Wenyi Li, Yanqiu Wang, Guang Ning, Weiqing Wang & Qidi Wang mTORC1 regulates beta cell survival, function and adaptation to physiologic and pathological stimuli. Here Ni et al. demonstrate that that deficiency of Raptor, a component of mTORC1 complex, impairs insulin secretion and glucose tolerance in mice by affecting maturation of beta cells during the postnatal period. 09 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15755 Mechanisms of disease  Nutrient signalling  Type 2 diabetes  Taming interfacial electronic properties of platinum nanoparticles on vacancy-abundant boron nitride nanosheets for enhanced catalysis OPEN Wenshuai Zhu, Zili Wu, Guo Shiou Foo, Xiang Gao, Mingxia Zhou, Bin Liu, Gabriel M. Veith, Peiwen Wu, Katie L. Browning, Ho Nyung Lee, Huaming Li, Sheng Dai & Huiyuan Zhu Tuning electronic properties of metallic catalysts is a useful way to improve their activity, however control over metal-support interactions is still challenging. Here the authors report a vacancy-induced interfacial electronic effect for Pt assembled on vacancy-abundant h-BN nanosheets leading to superior CO oxidation catalysis. 09 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15291 Catalyst synthesis  Heterogeneous catalysis  Nanoparticles  Two-dimensional materials  Tespa1 regulates T cell receptor-induced calcium signals by recruiting inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors OPEN Jingjing Liang, Jun Lyu, Meng Zhao, Dan Li, Mingzhu Zheng, Yan Fang, Fangzhu Zhao, Jun Lou, Chuansheng Guo, Lie Wang, Di Wang, Wanli Liu & Linrong Lu The thymocyte development protein Tespa1 is known to translate T cell receptor signals by affecting the calcium signalling cascade, but it is not clear how. Here the authors show that Tespa1 recruits IP3R1 to the TCR signalling complex. 09 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15732 Signal transduction  T-cell receptor  Genome-wide approach identifies a novel gene-maternal pre-pregnancy BMI interaction on preterm birth OPEN Xiumei Hong , Ke Hao, Hongkai Ji, Shouneng Peng, Ben Sherwood, Antonio Di Narzo, Hui-Ju Tsai, Xin Liu, Irina Burd, Guoying Wang, Yuelong Ji, Deanna Caruso, Guangyun Mao, Tami R. Bartell, Zhongyang Zhang, Colleen Pearson, Linda Heffner, Sandra Cerda, Terri H. Beaty, M. Daniele Fallin et al. Preterm birth (PTB) has high prevalence and PTB infants have greater risk for mortality. Here, Hong and colleagues perform a genome-wide gene × environment interaction analysis and find that maternal COL24A1 variants have a significant interaction with maternal pre-pregnancy obesity in increasing PTB risk. 09 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15608 Epidemiology  Genetic association study  Paediatric research  A covalent PIN1 inhibitor selectively targets cancer cells by a dual mechanism of action OPEN Elena Campaner , Alessandra Rustighi, Alessandro Zannini, Alberto Cristiani, Silvano Piazza, Yari Ciani, Ori Kalid, Gali Golan, Erkan Baloglu, Sharon Shacham, Barbara Valsasina, Ulisse Cucchi, Agnese Chiara Pippione, Marco Lucio Lolli, Barbara Giabbai, Paola Storici, Paolo Carloni, Giulia Rossetti, Federica Benvenuti, Ezia Bello et al. PIN1 is a promising therapeutic target for cancer treatment. In this study, the authors identify a covalent inhibitor of PIN1 with anti-tumour and anti-metastatic properties thanks to PIN1 inactivation and to the release, after binding to PIN1, of a quinone-mimicking compound that elicits reactive oxygen generation and causes DNA damage. 09 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15772 Cancer stem cells  Cell signalling  Structure-based drug design  Targeted therapies  Virtual screening  Genome-wide association study identifies multiple risk loci for renal cell carcinoma OPEN Ghislaine Scelo , Mark P. Purdue, Kevin M. Brown, Mattias Johansson, Zhaoming Wang, Jeanette E. Eckel-Passow, Yuanqing Ye, Jonathan N. Hofmann, Jiyeon Choi, Matthieu Foll, Valerie Gaborieau, Mitchell J. Machiela, Leandro M. Colli, Peng Li, Joshua N. Sampson, Behnoush Abedi-Ardekani, Celine Besse, Helene Blanche, Anne Boland, Laurie Burdette et al. Risk for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is higher when there are first-degree family members with the disease. Here, Scelo and colleagues perform a genome-wide association meta-analysis and new genome-wide scan to identify seven new loci with significant RCC association. 09 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15724 Cancer epidemiology  Genome-wide association studies  An autonomous organic reaction search engine for chemical reactivity OPEN Vincenza Dragone, Victor Sans, Alon B. Henson, Jaroslaw M. Granda & Leroy Cronin While automated reaction systems typically work for the synthesis of pre-defined molecules, automated systems to discover reactivity are more challenging. Here the authors report an autonomous organic reaction search engine that allows discovery of the most reactive pathways in a multi-reagent, multistep reaction system. 09 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15733 Automation  Computational science  Synthetic chemistry methodology  Scientific data  Neural correlates of evidence accumulation during value-based decisions revealed via simultaneous EEG-fMRI OPEN M. Andrea Pisauro, Elsa Fouragnan, Chris Retzler & Marios G. Philiastides Parietal and prefrontal cortices gather information to make perceptual decisions, but it is not known if the same is true for value-based choices. Here, authors use simultaneous EEG-fMRI and modelling to show that during value- and reward-based decisions this evidence is accumulated in the posterior medial frontal cortex. 09 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15808 Decision  Human behaviour  DNA exonuclease Trex1 regulates radiotherapy-induced tumour immunogenicity OPEN Claire Vanpouille-Box, Amandine Alard, Molykutty J. Aryankalayil, Yasmeen Sarfraz, Julie M. Diamond, Robert J. Schneider, Giorgio Inghirami, C. Norman Coleman, Silvia C. Formenti & Sandra Demaria Trex1 is an exonuclease that degrades cytosolic DNA and has been associated with modulation of interferon responses in autoimmunity and viral infections. Here, the authors show that Trex1 attenuates the immunogenicity of cancer cells treated with high radiation doses by degrading cytosolic DNA and preventing the activation of interferon response. 09 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15618 Cancer immunotherapy  Cancer microenvironment  Radiotherapy  Tumour immunology  Diversity spurs diversification in ecological communities OPEN Vincent Calcagno, Philippe Jarne, Michel Loreau, Nicolas Mouquet & Patrice David Diversification may be driven by diversity, a concept Calcagno et al. explore using models of intra- and inter-specific ecological interactions. A threshold number of species is sometimes required before adaptive radiations can occur; a phenomenon they term diversity-dependent adaptive radiation. 09 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15810 Evolutionary ecology  Evolutionary theory  Refinement of learned skilled movement representation in motor cortex deep output layer OPEN Qian Li, Ho Ko, Zhong-Ming Qian, Leo Y. C. Yan, Danny C. W. Chan, Gordon Arbuthnott, Ya Ke & Wing-Ho Yung Motor learning induces structural and functional reorganization in upper layers of motor cortex. Here the authors show that neuronal ensembles in the output layer 5b exhibit temporal dynamics during skilled learning that progressively becomes well-aligned to movement in a dopamine dependent manner. 09 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15834 Cortex  Motor cortex  Real-time observation of cation exchange kinetics and dynamics at the muscovite-water interface OPEN Sang Soo Lee, Paul Fenter, Kathryn L. Nagy & Neil C. Sturchio Ion exchange at charged mineral-water interfaces is an important geochemical process, but a molecular-level understanding is still required. Here, the authors probe real-time variations of the interfacial ion exchange dynamics at the muscovite-water interface, providing a general picture of adsorbed ion coverage and speciation. 09 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15826 Geochemistry  Reaction kinetics and dynamics  Surface chemistry  Vegetation recovery in tidal marshes reveals critical slowing down under increased inundation OPEN Jim van Belzen, Johan van de Koppel, Matthew L. Kirwan, Daphne van der Wal, Peter M. J. Herman, Vasilis Dakos, Sonia Kéfi, Marten Scheffer, Glenn R. Guntenspergen & Tjeerd J. Bouma Theory and controlled experiments have shown that the recovery rate of an ecological variable from perturbation slows down before a critical tipping point. Here, van Belzen and colleagues demonstrate that slowed vegetation recovery to disturbance is also apparent in the natural system of a tidal marsh. 09 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15811 Ecosystem ecology  Wetlands ecology  A two-dimensional Dirac fermion microscope OPEN Peter Bøggild, José M. Caridad, Christoph Stampfer, Gaetano Calogero, Nick Rübner Papior & Mads Brandbyge Conventional 3D electron microscopes rely on emission, focusing, deflection, and detection of a focused beam of ballistic electrons to analyse the structure and composition of materials. Here, the authors examine the analogous concept of a 2D electron microscope based on graphene ballistic Dirac electrons. 09 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15783 Electronic properties and devices  Electronic properties and materials  Imaging techniques  Surfaces, interfaces and thin films  Ash1l and lnc-Smad3 coordinate Smad3 locus accessibility to modulate iTreg polarization and T cell autoimmunity OPEN Meng Xia, Juan Liu, Shuxun Liu, Kun Chen, Hongyu Lin, Minghong Jiang, Xiaoqing Xu, Yiquan Xue, Wei Liu, Yan Gu, Xiang Zhang, Zhiqing Li, Lin Yi, Youcun Qian, Chen Zhou, Ru Li, Xuan Zhang, Zhanguo Li & Xuetao Cao The transcriptional program activated by Smad2/Smad3 is critical for the induction and function of regulatory T cells. Here the authors show that the expression of Smad3 is modulated by the complementary functions of a methyltransferase Ash1l and an lncRNA lnc-Smad3 on the promoter accessibility of the mouse Smad3 locus. 09 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15818 Autoimmunity  Epigenetics in immune cells  miRNA in immune cells  Regulatory T cells  Ruthenium(II)-catalysed remote C–H alkylations as a versatile platform to meta-decorated arenes OPEN Jie Li, Korkit Korvorapun, Suman De Sarkar, Torben Rogge, David J. Burns, Svenja Warratz & Lutz Ackermann While ortho-selective C-H activation is well explored, general meta-selective methods are rare and often require directing groups that are retained in the final products. Here the authors show that transient imine groups can be used to direct the meta-functionalization of a range of arenes. 09 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15430 Homogeneous catalysis  Reaction mechanisms  Dynamic contrast-enhanced photoacoustic imaging using photothermal stimuli-responsive composite nanomodulators OPEN Yun-Sheng Chen, Soon Joon Yoon, Wolfgang Frey, Mary Dockery & Stanislav Emelianov Photoacoustic imaging becomes an enabling technology that is designed for clinic diagnosis of disease. Here, Chen et al. report an imaging contrast agent—plasmonic nanoparticles caged in hydrogel subject to reversible volume change depending on temperature, which exhibits tunable photoacoustic signal. 08 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15782 Cancer imaging  Nanoparticles  Preclinical research  Pentavalent HIV-1 vaccine protects against simian-human immunodeficiency virus challenge OPEN Todd Bradley , Justin Pollara, Sampa Santra, Nathan Vandergrift, Srivamshi Pittala, Chris Bailey-Kellogg, Xiaoying Shen, Robert Parks, Derrick Goodman, Amanda Eaton, Harikrishnan Balachandran, Linh V. Mach, Kevin O. Saunders, Joshua A. Weiner, Richard Scearce, Laura L. Sutherland, Sanjay Phogat, Jim Tartaglia, Steven G. Reed, Shiu-Lok Hu et al. A previous human HIV-1 vaccine clinical trial, boosting with HIV envelope protein from two strains, demonstrated moderate vaccine efficacy. Here, Bradley et al. show that a pentavalent HIV envelope protein boost improves protection from viral challenge in non-human primates and they identify immune correlates of protection. 08 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15711 HIV infections  Preclinical research  Vaccines  Parity-time-symmetric quantum critical phenomena OPEN Yuto Ashida, Shunsuke Furukawa & Masahito Ueda Parity-time (PT) symmetry has been mainly studied in optical and weakly interacting open quantum systems without many-body correlations. Here the authors show that in a strongly correlated many-body system the interplay between correlations and PT symmetry leads to the emergence of new critical phenomena. 08 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15791 Phase transitions and critical phenomena  Theoretical physics  Ultracold gases  Ebola virus VP30 and nucleoprotein interactions modulate viral RNA synthesis OPEN Wei Xu, Priya Luthra, Chao Wu, Jyoti Batra, Daisy W. Leung, Christopher F. Basler & Gaya K. Amarasinghe Ebola virus (EBOV) VP30 is a multifunctional protein that plays a role in transcription, but molecular details remain unknown. Here, using X-ray crystallography and minigenome assays, Xu et al. define the interaction between VP30 and a portion of NP that is critical for optimal EBOV RNA synthesis. 08 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15576 Ebola virus  Viral infection  X-ray crystallography  Spaser as a biological probe OPEN Ekaterina I. Galanzha, Robert Weingold, Dmitry A. Nedosekin, Mustafa Sarimollaoglu, Jacqueline Nolan, Walter Harrington, Alexander S. Kuchyanov, Roman G. Parkhomenko, Fumiya Watanabe, Zeid Nima, Alexandru S. Biris, Alexander I. Plekhanov, Mark I. Stockman & Vladimir P. Zharov Advanced diagnostic probes are required for monitoring disease progression. Here Galanzha et al. demonstrate a 22 nm plasmonic nanolaser to serve as a super-bright, biocompatible probe capable of generating stimulated emission directly inside living cells and animal tissue, while targeting cancer cells. 08 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15528 Biosensors  Cancer  Fluorescent labelling  Nanophotonics and plasmonics  Water pumping in mantle shear zones OPEN Jacques Précigout, Cécile Prigent, Laurie Palasse & Anthony Pochon Water plays a key role in many geological processes, including weakening crystals in the crust and mantle. Here, using amphibole distribution and olivine dislocation slip-systems, the authors show that ductile flow also has a dynamic control on water-rich fluid circulation in mantle shear zones. 08 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15736 Structural geology  Tectonics  Synthesis and preliminary PET imaging of 11C and 18F isotopologues of the ROS1/ALK inhibitor lorlatinib OPEN Thomas Lee Collier, Marc D. Normandin, Nickeisha A. Stephenson, Eli Livni, Steven H. Liang, Dustin W. Wooten, Shadi A. Esfahani, Michael G. Stabin, Umar Mahmood, Jianqing Chen, Wei Wang, Kevin Maresca, Rikki N. Waterhouse, Georges El Fakhri, Paul Richardson & Neil Vasdev Lorlatinib—a ROS1/ALK inhibitor—is currently undergoing clinical trials for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancers. Here the authors develop synthetic routes to 11C- and 18F-labelled lorlatinib, with subsequent PET imaging showing good blood brain barrier permeability in non-human primates. 08 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15761 Cancer imaging  Drug discovery and development  Medicinal chemistry  Nuclear chemistry  Non-Ising and chiral ferroelectric domain walls revealed by nonlinear optical microscopy OPEN Salia Cherifi-Hertel, Hervé Bulou, Riccardo Hertel, Grégory Taupier, Kokou Dodzi (Honorat) Dorkenoo, Christian Andreas, Jill Guyonnet, Iaroslav Gaponenko, Katia Gallo & Patrycja Paruch Understanding the structure of domain walls is an important step in developing nanoscale ferroelectric devices. Here, the authors use second harmonic imaging to verify predictions of Bloch and Néel, rather than simple Ising, domain wall structures in lead zirconium titanate and lithium tantalate. 08 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15768 Ferroelectrics and multiferroics  Magnetic forces enable controlled drug delivery by disrupting endothelial cell-cell junctions OPEN Yongzhi Qiu, Sheng Tong, Linlin Zhang, Yumiko Sakurai, David R. Myers, Lin Hong, Wilbur A. Lam & Gang Bao The transportation of large molecules through the vascular endothelium presents a major challenge for in vivo drug delivery. Here, the authors demonstrate the potential of using external magnetic fields and magnetic nanoparticles to enhance the local extravasation of circulating large molecules. 08 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15594 Biomedical engineering  Drug delivery  Nanoparticles  Human LACC1 increases innate receptor-induced responses and a LACC1 disease-risk variant modulates these outcomes OPEN Amit Lahiri, Matija Hedl, Jie Yan & Clara Abraham LACC1 genetic variants are associated with Crohn's disease, leprosy and arthritis. Here the authors show that LACC1 is needed for optimal innate receptor-induced signalling, mitochondrial ROS production and microbial clearance, effects that are reduced by a Crohn's disease-risk variant in LACC1. 08 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15614 Inflammatory bowel disease  Monocytes and macrophages  Pattern recognition receptors  Quantum annealing with all-to-all connected nonlinear oscillators OPEN Shruti Puri, Christian Kraglund Andersen, Arne L. Grimsmo & Alexandre Blais Quantum annealing aims at solving optimization problems mapped to Ising interactions between neighbouring spins, but it is crucial to implement it in a noise-resilient way. Here the authors propose a network of all-to-all connected driven Kerr-nonlinear resonators, which exhibits high success probabilities. 08 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15785 Quantum information  Quantum simulation  MYC activation cooperates with Vhl and Ink4a/Arf loss to induce clear cell renal cell carcinoma OPEN Sean T. Bailey , Aleisha M. Smith, Jordan Kardos, Sara E. Wobker, Harper L. Wilson, Bhavani Krishnan, Ryoichi Saito, Hyo Jin Lee, Jing Zhang, Samuel C. Eaton, Lindsay A. Williams, Ujjawal Manocha, Dorien J. Peters, Xinchao Pan, Thomas J. Carroll, Dean W. Felsher, Vonn Walter, Qing Zhang, Joel S. Parker, Jen Jen Yeh et al. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common and aggressive malignancy. Here, the authors generate two mouse models of the most common RCC subtypes: the human papillary RCC through MYC activation and clear cell RCC through MYC activation combined with Vhl and Cdkn2a deletion. 08 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15770 Cancer models  Renal cell carcinoma  Conditional internalization of PEGylated nanomedicines by PEG engagers for triple negative breast cancer therapy OPEN Yu-Cheng Su, Pierre-Alain Burnouf, Kuo-Hsiang Chuang, Bing-Mae Chen, Tian-Lu Cheng & Steve R. Roffler The majority of treatment options for cancers are ineffective due to limited therapeutic targeting. Here, the authors develop bispecific antibodies that effectively target nanomaterials to triple-negative breast cancer cell receptors and deliver therapeutics leading to inhibition of tumour growth. 08 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15507 Biomaterials – proteins  Drug delivery  Targeted therapies  Origin of the crossover from polarons to Fermi liquids in transition metal oxides OPEN Carla Verdi, Fabio Caruso & Feliciano Giustino Photoemission spectroscopy studies of anatase titanium oxide have demonstrated a doping-driven crossover in the polaronic character of charge carriers. Here, the authors obtain a first principles understanding of these observations in terms of plasma screening and electron–phonon coupling. 08 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15769 Electronic properties and materials  Electronic structure  Loss of Asxl2 leads to myeloid malignancies in mice OPEN Jianping Li , Fuhong He, Peng Zhang, Shi Chen, Hui Shi, Yanling Sun, Ying Guo, Hui Yang, Na Man, Sarah Greenblatt, Zhaomin Li, Zhengyu Guo, Yuan Zhou, Lan Wang, Lluis Morey, Sion Williams, Xi Chen, Qun-Tian Wang, Stephen D. Nimer, Peng Yu et al. ASXL2 mutations are mostly found in a subset of leukemia patients with certain genetic aberrations; however the role of this protein in normal hematopoiesis and related malignancies is still unclear. Here the authors use a knock-out mouse model to uncover the role of Asxl2 in hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis. 08 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15456 Cancer stem cells  Mechanisms of disease  Myelodysplastic syndrome  Insights into Hunter syndrome from the structure of iduronate-2-sulfatase OPEN Mykhaylo Demydchuk, Chris H. Hill, Aiwu Zhou, Gábor Bunkóczi, Penelope E. Stein, Denis Marchesan, Janet E. Deane & Randy J. Read Hunter syndrome is a lysosomal storage disease caused by mutations in the enzyme iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS). Here, the authors present the IDS crystal structure and give mechanistic insights into mutations that cause Hunter syndrome. 08 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15786 Metabolic disorders  X-ray crystallography  Vector assembly of colloids on monolayer substrates OPEN Lingxiang Jiang, Shenyu Yang, Boyce Tsang, Mei Tu & Steve Granick Precise assembly of undecorated colloids demands a clever approach. Here, the authors draw unlikely inspiration from vector graphics to direct colloids into 2D structures, pinning the ends and corners of assembled patterns with optical tweezers and manipulating the segments like vectors. 08 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15778 Colloids  Optical tweezers  Self-assembly  A BaSiC tool for background and shading correction of optical microscopy images OPEN Tingying Peng, Kurt Thorn, Timm Schroeder, Lichao Wang, Fabian J. Theis, Carsten Marr & Nassir Navab Accurate quantification of bioimaging data is often confounded by uneven illumination (shading) in space and background variation in time. Here the authors present BaSiC, a Fiji plugin solving both issues. It requires fewer input images and is more robust to artefacts than existing shading correction tools. 08 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms14836 Image processing  Software  Cross-orientation suppression in visual area V2 OPEN Ryan J. Rowekamp & Tatyana O. Sharpee V2 neurons exhibit complex and diverse selectivity for visual features. Here the authors use a statistical analytical framework to model V2 responses to natural stimuli and find three organizing principles, chief among them is the cross-orientation suppression that increases response selectivity. 08 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15739 Extrastriate cortex  Neural encoding  Object vision  Sensory processing  The ubiquitin ligase ZNRF1 promotes caveolin-1 ubiquitination and degradation to modulate inflammation OPEN Chih-Yuan Lee, Ting-Yu Lai, Meng-Kun Tsai, Yung-Chi Chang, Yu-Hsin Ho, I-Shing Yu, Tzu-Wen Yeh, Chih-Chang Chou, You-Sheng Lin, Toby Lawrence & Li-Chung Hsu Caveolae and their major constituent Caveolin-1 (CAV1) play an important role in signalling pathways involved in inflammation, but regulators of CAV1 protein stability are unknown. Here, the authors show that E3 ubiquitin ligase ZNRF1 induces degradation of CAV1 in response to TLR4 activation, and mediates the pro-inflammatory response both in vitro and in vivo. 08 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15502 Cell signalling  Sepsis  Preventing tissue fibrosis by local biomaterials interfacing of specific cryptic extracellular matrix information OPEN Christine-Maria Horejs, Jean-Philippe St-Pierre, Juha R. M. Ojala, Joseph A. M. Steele, Patricia Barros da Silva, Angela Rynne-Vidal, Stephanie A. Maynard, Catherine S. Hansel, Clara Rodríguez-Fernández, Manuel M. Mazo, Amanda Y. F. You, Alex J. Wang, Thomas von Erlach, Karl Tryggvason, Manuel López-Cabrera & Molly M. Stevens Matrix metalloproteinase enzymes are widely known to contribute to the breakdown of tissues. Here, the authors utilise a biomaterial substrate functionalised with a laminin fragment to modulate the expression of these enzymes, subsequently controlling the integrity of tissue. 08 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15509 Biomaterials – cells  Biomedical engineering  Protein-directed ribosomal frameshifting temporally regulates gene expression OPEN Sawsan Napthine, Roger Ling, Leanne K. Finch, Joshua D. Jones, Susanne Bell, Ian Brierley & Andrew E. Firth Programmed −1 ribosomal frameshifting (−1 PRF) is a mechanism whereby specific signals within mRNAs direct ribosomes to shift into an alternative reading frame. Here the authors describe a mechanism of −1 PRF that is temporally regulated by a viral protein over the course of the virus replicative cycle. 08 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15582 Ribosome  Translation  Virology  Codon bias imposes a targetable limitation on KRAS-driven therapeutic resistance OPEN Moiez Ali, Erin Kaltenbrun, Grace R. Anderson, Sarah Jo Stephens, Sabrina Arena, Alberto Bardelli, Christopher M. Counter & Kris C. Wood KRAS mutations drive resistance to diverse targeted therapies. In this study, the authors show that the rare codons of KRAS, yielding low oncogene expression, can be overcome to drive resistance to anti-EGFR therapy in CRC through upregulation of global translation or through selection of more potent KRAS Q61 mutations. 08 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15617 Cancer genetics  Cancer therapeutic resistance  Oncogenes  Time-programmable drug dosing allows the manipulation, suppression and reversal of antibiotic drug resistance in vitro OPEN Mari Yoshida, Sabrina Galiñanes Reyes, Soichiro Tsuda, Takaaki Horinouchi, Chikara Furusawa & Leroy Cronin It is unclear whether strategies involving antibiotic cycling can efficiently control the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Here, Yoshida et al. show that the evolution of multi-drug-resistant bacteria in vitro can be manipulated by administering pairs of antibiotics and switching between them. 08 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15589 Antimicrobial resistance  Chemical biology  Experimental evolution  Carbon nanotube-based three-dimensional monolithic optoelectronic integrated system OPEN Yang Liu, Sheng Wang, Huaping Liu & Lian-Mao Peng Single-material monolithic optoelectronic integrated circuits via CMOS compatible low-temperature approaches are crucial to the continued development of post-Moore electronics. Liu et al., report carbon nanotube based electrically driven 3D monolithic optoelectronic integrated circuits. 08 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15649 Electronic devices  Materials for optics  Optoelectronic devices and components  Myosin-dependent cell-cell communication controls synchronicity of division in acute and chronic stages of Toxoplasma gondii OPEN Karine Frénal, Damien Jacot, Pierre-Mehdi Hammoudi, Arnault Graindorge, Bohumil Maco & Dominique Soldati-Favre The mechanism by which Toxoplasma gondii achieves synchronized cell division is incompletely understood. Here, the authors identify an intravacuolar cell-cell communication that ensures synchronized division and depends on myosin I. 08 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15710 Cell division  Myosin  Parasite biology  Parasitic infection  Current-induced skyrmion generation and dynamics in symmetric bilayers OPEN A. Hrabec, J. Sampaio, M. Belmeguenai, I. Gross, R. Weil, S. M. Chérif, A. Stashkevich, V. Jacques, A. Thiaville & S. Rohart The creation of practical devices based on magnetic skyrmions depends on the development of methods to create and control stable individual skyrmions. Here, the authors present a bilayer device that uses dipolar interactions to stabilize skyrmions that can be manipulated using electric currents. 08 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15765 Magnetic properties and materials  Spintronics  Universal emulsion stabilization from the arrested adsorption of rough particles at liquid-liquid interfaces OPEN Michele Zanini, Claudia Marschelke, Svetoslav E. Anachkov, Emanuele Marini, Alla Synytska & Lucio Isa Emulsions are dispersions of two liquids which have industrial applications and can be stabilized by solid particles. Here Zanini et al. investigate the effect of particle roughness and demonstrate that particles with a particular surface roughness can effectively stabilize different types of emulsions. 07 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15701 Surfaces, interfaces and thin films  Wetting  Type-2 innate lymphoid cells control the development of atherosclerosis in mice OPEN Stephen A. Newland, Sarajo Mohanta, Marc Clément, Soraya Taleb, Jennifer A. Walker, Meritxell Nus, Andrew P. Sage, Changjun Yin, Desheng Hu, Lauren L. Kitt, Alison J. Finigan, Hans-Reimer Rodewald, Christoph J. Binder, Andrew N. J. McKenzie, Andreas J. Habenicht & Ziad Mallat Type-2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) affect adipose tissue metabolism and function. Here the authors show that the ILC2 are present in para-aortic adipose tissue and represent a major source of IL-5 and IL-13 required for mounting atheroprotective immunity, which can be altered by high fat diet. 07 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15781 Atherosclerosis  Immunology  Physiology  Crystal structures of U6 snRNA-specific terminal uridylyltransferase OPEN Seisuke Yamashita, Yuko Takagi, Takashi Nagaike & Kozo Tomita After transcription the 3′-end of U6 snRNA is oligo-uridylylated by the terminal uridylyltransferase TUT1. Here the authors present the crystal structure of human TUT1 and give insights into the mechanism of 3′-end uridylylation by the enzyme. 07 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15788 RNA metabolism  X-ray crystallography  Exploiting macrophage autophagy-lysosomal biogenesis as a therapy for atherosclerosis OPEN Dysfunction of autophagy in plaque macrophages aggravates atherosclerosis. Here the authors show that induction of macrophage autophagy–lysosomal biogenesis either genetically by overexpression of the master transcriptional regulator of this process, TFEB, or pharmacologically with trehalose is atheroprotective. 07 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15750 Atherosclerosis  Autophagy  Cell death and immune response  Inflammasome  River plastic emissions to the world’s oceans OPEN Laurent C. M. Lebreton, Joost van der Zwet, Jan-Willem Damsteeg, Boyan Slat, Anthony Andrady & Julia Reisser Rivers provide a major pathway for ocean plastic waste, but effective mitigation is dependent on a quantification of active sources. Here, the authors present a global model of riverine plastic inputs, and estimate annual plastic waste of almost 2.5 million tonnes, with 86% sourced from Asia. 07 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15611 Environmental impact  Freshwater ecology  Hydrology  The CaMKII holoenzyme structure in activation-competent conformations OPEN Janette B. Myers, Vincent Zaegel, Steven J. Coultrap, Adam P. Miller, K. Ulrich Bayer & Steve L. Reichow Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) forms a 12 subunit holoenzyme central to synaptic plasticity. Here the authors report a 3D structure of the CaMKII holoenzyme in an activation-competent state obtained by single particle EM, and suggest a role for the intrinsically disordered linker domain in facilitating cooperative activation. 07 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15742 Electron microscopy  Enzyme mechanisms  Kinases  Neuroscience  Dendro-dendritic cholinergic excitation controls dendritic spike initiation in retinal ganglion cells OPEN A. Brombas, S. Kalita-de Croft, E. J. Cooper-Williams & S. R. Williams Neural computations performed by the retinal microcircuit have been extensively studied. Here the authors report using dendritic recordings that the direction selective responses of retinal ganglion cells are controlled by dendro-dendritic cholinergic excitation from starburst amacrine cells. 07 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15683 Neural circuits  Retina  Inhomogeneous spatial distribution of the magnetic transition in an iron-rhodium thin film OPEN C. Gatel, B. Warot-Fonrose, N. Biziere, L.A. Rodríguez, D. Reyes, R. Cours, M. Castiella & M.J. Casanove Films of iron-rhodium alloy undergo a magnetic transition at 100°C, and so are attractive for applications, but a detailed understanding of the transition mechanism has not been achieved. Here, the authors use electron holography to quantitatively map the transition’s progress through the film depth. 07 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15703 Magnetic properties and materials  Phase transitions and critical phenomena  Contrasting mechanisms of growth in two model rod-shaped bacteria OPEN Cyrille Billaudeau, Arnaud Chastanet, Zhizhong Yao, Charlène Cornilleau, Nicolas Mirouze, Vincent Fromion & Rut Carballido-López Protein MreB participates in elongation of sidewalls during growth of most rod-shaped bacteria. Here, the authors use fluorescence microscopy and single-particle tracking to visualize MreB, showing that Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli appear to use different strategies to adapt to growth rate variations. 07 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15370 Cell growth  Cellular microbiology  Molecular biology  DNA vaccination protects mice against Zika virus-induced damage to the testes OPEN Bryan D. Griffin , Kar Muthumani, Bryce M. Warner, Anna Majer, Mable Hagan, Jonathan Audet, Derek R. Stein, Charlene Ranadheera, Trina Racine, Marc-Antoine De La Vega, Jocelyne Piret, Stephanie Kucas, Kaylie N. Tran, Kathy L. Frost, Christine De Graff, Geoff Soule, Leanne Scharikow, Jennifer Scott, Gordon McTavish, Valerie Smid et al. Zika virus (ZIKV) can persist in human semen and sperm, which can result in sexual transmission. Here, Griffin et al. show that a DNA vaccine, expressing ZIKV pre-membrane and envelope proteins, protects mice from infection-associated damage to testes and sperm, and prevents viral persistence in testes. 07 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15743 DNA vaccines  Viral pathogenesis  Dynamic alterations in decoy VEGF receptor-1 stability regulate angiogenesis OPEN Joshua M. Boucher, Ryan P. Clark, Diana C. Chong, Kathryn M. Citrin, Lyndsay A. Wylie & Victoria L. Bautch Membrane-bound mVEGFR1 is a decoy VEGF-A receptor that regulates VEGF-A signalling amplitude. Boucher et al. show that Rab27a-regulated palmitoylation of mVEGFR1 redirects the receptor from a stable, constitutively recycling mode to a degradative route that removes ligands from the system. 07 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15699 Angiogenesis  Cellular imaging  Antisense oligonucleotide-mediated Dnm2 knockdown prevents and reverts myotubular myopathy in mice OPEN Hichem Tasfaout, Suzie Buono, Shuling Guo, Christine Kretz, Nadia Messaddeq, Sheri Booten, Sarah Greenlee, Brett P. Monia, Belinda S. Cowling & Jocelyn Laporte X-linked myotubular myopathy is caused by mutations in the gene coding for myotubularin 1, and is characterized by overexpression of dynamin 2. Here the authors develop antisense oligonucleotides to dynamin 2, and show that systemic injection leads to improved pathology in mice. 07 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15661 Antisense oligonucleotide therapy  Neuromuscular disease  Skeletal muscle  Target validation  Dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes from antibiotic producers to pathogens OPEN Xinglin Jiang, Mostafa M. Hashim Ellabaan, Pep Charusanti, Christian Munck, Kai Blin, Yaojun Tong, Tilmann Weber, Morten O. A. Sommer & Sang Yup Lee Some antibiotic resistance genes found in pathogenic bacteria might derive from antibiotic-producing actinobacteria. Here, Jiang et al. provide bioinformatic and experimental evidence supporting this hypothesis, and propose a specific mechanism for the transfer of these genes between bacterial phyla. 07 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15784 Antibiotics  Bacterial evolution  Bacterial genetics  Evolutionary genetics  Towards colloidal spintronics through Rashba spin-orbit interaction in lead sulphide nanosheets OPEN Mohammad Mehdi Ramin Moayed, Thomas Bielewicz, Martin Sebastian Zöllner, Carmen Herrmann & Christian Klinke Exploring the Rashba spin splitting in colloidal materials enables spintronic device with low cost and high flexibility. Here, the authors report Rashba spin splitting in colloidal PbS nanosheets and demonstrate a mechanism for selectively exciting the carriers with different spin states. 07 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15721 Electronic devices  Nanoscale materials  Spintronics  The signalling receptor MCAM coordinates apical-basal polarity and planar cell polarity during morphogenesis OPEN Qian Gao, Junfeng Zhang, Xiumei Wang, Ying Liu, Rongqiao He, Xingfeng Liu, Fei Wang, Jing Feng, Dongling Yang, Zhaoqing Wang, Anming Meng & Xiyun Yan It is unclear if there is an interaction between apical-basal (AB) polarity and planar cell polarity (PCP) pathways during morphogenesis. Here, the authors define a role for the melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM), known to regulate PCP, in AB polarity via FGF signalling in vitro and in zebrafish. 07 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15279 Body patterning  Cell polarity  WASH maintains NKp46+ ILC3 cells by promoting AHR expression OPEN Pengyan Xia, Jing Liu, Shuo Wang, Buqing Ye, Ying Du, Zhen Xiong, Ze-Guang Han, Liang Tong & Zusen Fan Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) are thought to direct immune responses, but little is known about the development and maintenance of ILC subsets. Here the authors show that WASH maintains the pool of NKp46+ ILC3s by recruiting Arid1a to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor promoter and inducing its expression. 07 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15685 Cell signalling  Innate lymphoid cells  Seepage from an arctic shallow marine gas hydrate reservoir is insensitive to momentary ocean warming OPEN Wei-Li Hong, Marta E. Torres, JoLynn Carroll, Antoine Crémière, Giuliana Panieri, Haoyi Yao & Pavel Serov The degree to which warming bottom waters will destabilize shallow gas hydrate reservoirs in the Arctic remains unclear. Here, Hong et al. observe and model porewater profiles from a gas-hydrate-bearing system south of Spitsbergen, and conclude episodic emissions are not warming induced. 07 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15745 Carbon cycle  Environmental impact  Misfolded polypeptides are selectively recognized and transported toward aggresomes by a CED complex OPEN Joori Park, Yeonkyoung Park, Incheol Ryu, Mi-Hyun Choi, Hyo Jin Lee, Nara Oh, Kyutae Kim, Kyoung Mi Kim, Junho Choe, Cheolju Lee, Ja-Hyun Baik & Yoon Ki Kim Misfolded polypeptide aggregates are actively transported to aggresomes, where they are degraded through aggrephagy. Here the authors show that these aggregates are selectively recognized by the CTIF–eEF1A1–DCTN1 (CED) complex and transported to aggresomes through the interactions of DCTN1 with dynein motors. 07 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15730 Protein aggregation  Translation  Loss of Parkinson’s disease-associated protein CHCHD2 affects mitochondrial crista structure and destabilizes cytochrome c OPEN Hongrui Meng, Chikara Yamashita, Kahori Shiba-Fukushima, Tsuyoshi Inoshita, Manabu Funayama, Shigeto Sato, Tomohisa Hatta, Tohru Natsume, Masataka Umitsu, Junichi Takagi, Yuzuru Imai & Nobutaka Hattori Mutations in CHCHD2 are associated with Parkinson’s disease. Here the authors investigate the physiological and pathological roles of CHCHD2 in Drosophila and mammalian cells, and find that it regulates mitochondrial respiration through stabilizing cytochrome c. 07 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15500 Mitochondria  Parkinson's disease  Mycelium-mediated transfer of water and nutrients stimulates bacterial activity in dry and oligotrophic environments OPEN Anja Worrich, Hryhoriy Stryhanyuk, Niculina Musat, Sara König, Thomas Banitz, Florian Centler, Karin Frank, Martin Thullner, Hauke Harms, Hans-Hermann Richnow, Anja Miltner, Matthias Kästner & Lukas Y. Wick The maintenance of bacterial and fungal activity is essential for ecosystem functioning, particularly in dry soils where the two phyla co-exist. Here, Worrich and colleagues show experimentally that mycelia traffic water and nutrients and thereby stimulate bacterial activity in stressful conditions. 07 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15472 Ecosystem ecology  Fungal ecology  Soil microbiology  Variation in auxin sensing guides AUX/IAA transcriptional repressor ubiquitylation and destruction OPEN Martin Winkler, Michael Niemeyer, Antje Hellmuth, Philipp Janitza, Gideon Christ, Sophia L. Samodelov, Verona Wilde, Petra Majovsky, Marco Trujillo, Matias D. Zurbriggen, Wolfgang Hoehenwarter, Marcel Quint & Luz Irina A. Calderón Villalobos The phytohormone auxin is sensed by SCFTIR1-AUX/IAA receptors leading to AUX/IAA repressor ubiquitylation and turnover. Here the authors show that IAA6 and IAA19 differ in their ubiquitylation and turnover dynamics, differentially contributing to auxin sensing and enabling discrimination of auxin concentrations. 07 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15706 Auxin  Ubiquitin ligases  Ubiquitylated proteins  Astronomical pacing of the global silica cycle recorded in Mesozoic bedded cherts OPEN Masayuki Ikeda, Ryuji Tada & Kazumi Ozaki While the global silica cycle is known to play an important role in long-term climate change, the driving factors remain unknown. Here, the authors present a ∼70 million year long record of early Mesozoic biogenic silica and propose orbitally-paced chemical weathering as a primary driver. 07 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15532 Carbon cycle  Element cycles  Palaeoclimate  Ultra-bright and highly efficient inorganic based perovskite light-emitting diodes OPEN Liuqi Zhang, Xiaolei Yang, Qi Jiang, Pengyang Wang, Zhigang Yin, Xingwang Zhang, Hairen Tan, Yang (Michael) Yang, Mingyang Wei, Brandon R. Sutherland, Edward H. Sargent & Jingbi You Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites are garnering attention for light emitting diode (LED) applications. Employing a thin hydrophilic insulating polymer, Zhang et al. report LEDs exhibiting a brightness of 91,000 cd m−2 and external quantum efficiency of 10.4% using a mixed-cation perovskite. 07 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15640 Electronic devices  Organic LEDs  Tightening of tropical ascent and high clouds key to precipitation change in a warmer climate OPEN Hui Su, Jonathan H. Jiang, J. David Neelin, T. Janice Shen, Chengxing Zhai, Qing Yue, Zhien Wang, Lei Huang, Yong-Sang Choi, Graeme L. Stephens & Yuk L. Yung The sensitivity of global precipitation to warming is largely governed by changes in atmospheric longwave radiation, a function of cloud cover. Here the authors show that tightening of the tropical circulation with warming drives a decrease in high cloud cover, resulting in higher precipitation changes. 07 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15771 Atmospheric dynamics  Climate and Earth system modelling  Hydrology  Compressional pathways of α-cristobalite, structure of cristobalite X-I, and towards the understanding of seifertite formation OPEN Ana Černok, Katharina Marquardt, Razvan Caracas, Elena Bykova, Gerlinde Habler, Hanns-Peter Liermann, Michael Hanfland, Mohamed Mezouar, Ema Bobocioiu & Leonid Dubrovinsky The presence of α-seifertite and seiferite in shocked meteorites are used to determine shock pressures. Here, using high-pressure experiments, the authors find that the presence of α-cristobalite does not exclude high-pressure transformation and seifertite does not necessarily indicate high pressures. 07 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15647 Mineralogy  WNT10A mutation causes ectodermal dysplasia by impairing progenitor cell proliferation and KLF4-mediated differentiation OPEN Mingang Xu , Jeremy Horrell, Melinda Snitow, Jiawei Cui, Heather Gochnauer, Camille M. Syrett, Staci Kallish, John T. Seykora, Fei Liu, Dany Gaillard, Jonathan P. Katz, Klaus H. Kaestner, Brooke Levin, Corinne Mansfield, Jennifer E. Douglas, Beverly J. Cowart, Michael Tordoff, Fang Liu, Xuming Zhu, Linda A. Barlow et al. Human WNT10A mutations are associated with dental defects and adult onset ectodermal dysplasia. Xu et al. show that WNT10A-activated ß-catenin plays dual roles in adult epithelial progenitor proliferation and differentiation by complexing with KLF4 in differentiating, but not proliferating, cells. 07 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15397 Self-renewal  Skin stem cells  Stem cells  Nanoimaging of resonating hyperbolic polaritons in linear boron nitride antennas OPEN F. J. Alfaro-Mozaz, P. Alonso-González, S. Vélez, I. Dolado, M. Autore, S. Mastel, F. Casanova, L. E. Hueso, P. Li, A. Y. Nikitin & R. Hillenbrand Here, the authors report a near-field study of hyperbolic phonon polaritons in linear antennas made of hexagonal boron nitride. Infrared nanospectroscopy and nanoimaging experiments reveal sharp Fabry-Perot resonances with large quality factors, exhibiting atypical modal behaviour. 07 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15624 Nanocavities  Nanophotonics and plasmonics  Polaritons  Sub-wavelength optics      Latest Addendum       Erratum: Lkb1 inactivation drives lung cancer lineage switching governed by Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 OPEN Haikuo Zhang , Christine Fillmore Brainson, Shohei Koyama, Amanda J. Redig, Ting Chen, Shuai Li, Manav Gupta, Carolina Garcia-de-Alba, Margherita Paschini, Grit S. Herter-Sprie, Gang Lu, Xin Zhang, Bryan P Marsh, Stephanie J. Tuminello, Chunxiao Xu, Zhao Chen, Xiaoen Wang, Esra A. Akbay, Mei Zheng, Sangeetha Palakurthi et al. 09 June 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms15901 Cancer stem cells  Non-small-cell lung cancer      Advertisement Calls for nominations 2018 John Maddox Prize for Standing up for Science Recognising the work of individuals who promote science in the face of hostility   Natureevents is a fully searchable, multi-disciplinary database designed to maximise exposure for events organisers. The contents of the Natureevents Directory are now live. The digital version is available here. Find the latest scientific conferences, courses, meetings and symposia on natureevents.com. For event advertising opportunities across the Nature Publishing Group portfolio please contact natureevents@nature.com  More Nature Events You have been sent this Table of Contents Alert because you have opted in to receive it. 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