Nature Communications - 02 May 2018

Advertisement nature.com webcasts Nature Research Custom presents a webcast on: MicroRNAs in CSF as prodromal biomarkers for Huntington's disease Date: Tuesday, May 29, 2018 Join our webcast to learn about the fundamental characteristics of microRNAs and why Huntington's disease may serve as a disease model for the assessment of biomarkers. This webcast has been produced on behalf of the sponsor who retains sole responsibility for content  Register for FREE Sponsored by:  HTG Molecular        Weekly Content Alert Nature Communications is fully open access. Read more. 02 May 2018  Latest content: Articles Author Corrections Publisher Corrections Advertisement nature.com webcasts Nature Research Custom presents a webcast on: Ultra-sensitive detection of interferon alpha protein in human disease by digital ELISA Date: Tuesday, May 15, 2018 Darragh Duffy, Institut Pasteur, will address how digital ELISA enables direct qualification of IFNa protein in human samples. This webcast has been produced on behalf of the sponsor who retains sole responsibility for content   Register for FREE Sponsored by: Quanterix Journal homepage Recommend to library Web feed   Advertisement NYU - Nature Conference on Chemical Biology  August 13-14, New York This conference will provide a forum for discussing innovative strategies for research in chemical biology. It will cover the breadth of chemical biology ranging from the construction DNA as material and sensors, regulation of gene expression, synthesis and derivatization of proteins, synthetic biology and the human microbiome.       Latest Review View all Articles         Nature Communications JOBS of the week Research Fellow The University of Warwick Postdoctoral Fellow Johns Hopkins University PhD in Metabolic Systems Biology in Cancer Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Director-Bioimage Analysis Center St. Jude Children's Research Hospital (SJCRH) Postdoctoral Associate, Tonegawa Laboratory MIT PhD positions in physics, chemistry, biology IMPRS on Multiscale Bio-Systems Team Leader Children's Cancer Institute Postdoctoral Associate Stony Brook University Laboratory Research Scientist The Francis Crick Institute Junior Professorship Robert Bosch Stiftung More Science jobs from Nature Communications EVENT International Conference on Community Medicine and Public Health 17.07.18 Colombo, Sri Lanka More science events from     Latest Articles View all Articles     Exceptional point engineered glass slide for microscopic thermal mapping OPEN Han Zhao, Zhaowei Chen, Ruogang Zhao & Liang Feng Thermal imaging of a sample simultaneously with standard microscopy often requires complex modifications to the microscope. Here, Zhao et al. design a simple non-Hermitian structure that can be coated onto a glass slide where exceptional-point enhanced thermal sensing enables this capability. 02 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04251-3 Nanophotonics and plasmonics  Optical sensors  CE-BLAST makes it possible to compute antigenic similarity for newly emerging pathogens OPEN Tianyi Qiu, Yiyan Yang, Jingxuan Qiu, Yang Huang, Tianlei Xu, Han Xiao, Dingfeng Wu, Qingchen Zhang, Chen Zhou, Xiaoyan Zhang, Kailin Tang, Jianqing Xu & Zhiwei Cao Sparse immune-binding data for emerging pathogens limits the ability of existing in silico antigenicity prediction methods to aid vaccine design. Here, the authors introduce a computational method that estimates antigenic pathogen similarity based on epitope structure. 02 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04171-2 Computational models  Infectious diseases  Pathogens  P53 and mTOR signalling determine fitness selection through cell competition during early mouse embryonic development OPEN Sarah Bowling, Aida Di Gregorio, Margarida Sancho, Sara Pozzi, Marieke Aarts, Massimo Signore, Michael D. Schneider, Juan Pedro Martinez Barbera, Jesús Gil & Tristan A. Rodríguez During embryo development, cell fitness determines survival but how this is regulated is unclear. Here, the authors show that in early embryonic development and stem cells exiting the naive state, cells sense the fitness of their neighbours and trigger p53 to repress mTOR to eliminate a third of cells. 02 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04167-y Embryology  Embryonic stem cells  Gastrulation  Pluripotency  Persistent multi-scale fluctuations shift European hydroclimate to its millennial boundaries OPEN Y. Markonis, M. Hanel, P. Máca, J. Kyselý & E. R. Cook In recent years, there has been an ongoing discussion about the hydroclimatic changes over Europe. Here, the authors show that since the beginning of the 20th century, hydroclimatic conditions have shifted to their millennial boundaries, remaining at these extreme levels for a period of unprecedented duration. 02 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04207-7 Hydrology  Palaeoclimate  A silicon metal-oxide-semiconductor electron spin-orbit qubit OPEN Ryan M. Jock, N. Tobias Jacobson, Patrick Harvey-Collard, Andrew M. Mounce, Vanita Srinivasa, Dan R. Ward, John Anderson, Ron Manginell, Joel R. Wendt, Martin Rudolph, Tammy Pluym, John King Gamble, Andrew D. Baczewski, Wayne M. Witzel & Malcolm S. Carroll As the performance of silicon-based qubits has improved, there has been increasing focus on developing designs that are compatible with industrial processes. Here, Jock et al. exploit spin-orbit coupling to demonstrate full, all-electrical control of a metal-oxide-semiconductor electron spin qubit. 02 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04200-0 Quantum dots  Quantum information  Qubits  In-situ visualization of solute-driven phase coexistence within individual nanorods OPEN Fariah Hayee, Tarun C. Narayan, Neel Nadkarni, Andrea Baldi, Ai Leen Koh, Martin Z. Bazant, Robert Sinclair & Jennifer A. Dionne Compared to thin films and other geometries, nanorods can exhibit particularly high performance in solute-intercalation-based energy and information storage devices. Here, the authors use in situ electron microscopy and spectroscopy to study the hydrogenation of palladium nanorods, revealing relationships between nanorod structure and device cyclability and capacity. 02 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04021-1 Materials chemistry  Materials for energy and catalysis  Nanowires  Transmission electron microscopy  Systematic mapping of contact sites reveals tethers and a function for the peroxisome-mitochondria contact OPEN Nadav Shai, Eden Yifrach, Carlo W. T. van Roermund, Nir Cohen, Chen Bibi, Lodewijk IJlst, Laetitia Cavellini, Julie Meurisse, Ramona Schuster, Lior Zada, Muriel C. Mari, Fulvio M. Reggiori, Adam L. Hughes, Mafalda Escobar-Henriques, Mickael M. Cohen, Hans R. Waterham, Ronald J. A. Wanders, Maya Schuldiner & Einat Zalckvar The internal organization of the cell has been enriched by the discovery that organelles establish membrane contact sites, however the entire repertoire of these contacts is still being explored. Here the authors systematically identify the landscape of cellular contact sites in yeast, discovering four potential novel contact sites and two tether proteins for the peroxisome-mitochondria contact site. 02 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03957-8 High-throughput screening  Mitochondria  Organelles  Peroxisomes  Structures of chaperone-substrate complexes docked onto the export gate in a type III secretion system OPEN Qiong Xing, Ke Shi, Athina Portaliou, Paolo Rossi, Anastassios Economou & Charalampos G. Kalodimos Bacterial flagella are composed of proteins secreted by a type III secretion system (T3SS), which requires the action of dedicated chaperones. Here, Xing et al. report the structures of two ternary complexes among flagellar chaperones, flagellar protein substrates, and the export gate platform protein. 02 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04137-4 Bacterial secretion  Bacterial structural biology  NMR spectroscopy  X-ray crystallography  The human Vδ2+ T-cell compartment comprises distinct innate-like Vγ9+ and adaptive Vγ9- subsets OPEN Martin S. Davey, Carrie R. Willcox, Stuart Hunter, Sofya A. Kasatskaya, Ester B. M. Remmerswaal, Mahboob Salim, Fiyaz Mohammed, Frederike J. Bemelman, Dmitriy M. Chudakov, Ye H. Oo & Benjamin E. Willcox Human Vδ2+ γδ T cells are thought to be an innate-like T-cell population. Here the authors show the Vδ2+ compartment contains both innate-like Vγ9+ and an adaptive Vγ9- subset that undergoes clonal expansion during viral infection and can infiltrate liver tissue. 02 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04076-0 Clonal selection  Next-generation sequencing  T-cell receptor  Viral infection  Mixed-valence insulators with neutral Fermi surfaces OPEN Debanjan Chowdhury, Inti Sodemann & T. Senthil Samarium hexaboride is a candidate topological insulator but recent experiments have found behaviour indicative of a metallic Fermi liquid phase. Here the authors show that the conflicting observations can be accommodated by a model where strong interactions drive the formation of exotic neutral quasiparticles. 02 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04163-2 Electronic properties and materials  Theoretical physics  Topological insulators  Ultra-confined surface phonon polaritons in molecular layers of van der Waals dielectrics OPEN Alexander M. Dubrovkin, Bo Qiang, Harish N. S. Krishnamoorthy, Nikolay I. Zheludev & Qi Jie Wang Ultra-compact phonon polariton devices may benefit from the atomically thin nature of van der Waals materials. Here, the authors report that atomically 2D transition metal dichalcogenides on a silicon carbide substrate support a 190-fold confinement of propagating surface phonon polaritons. 02 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04168-x Polaritons  Two-dimensional materials  Plasmepsin II–III copy number accounts for bimodal piperaquine resistance among Cambodian Plasmodium falciparum OPEN Selina Bopp, Pamela Magistrado, Wesley Wong, Stephen F. Schaffner, Angana Mukherjee, Pharath Lim, Mehul Dhorda, Chanaki Amaratunga, Charles J. Woodrow, Elizabeth A. Ashley, Nicholas J. White, Arjen M. Dondorp, Rick M. Fairhurst, Frederic Ariey, Didier Menard, Dyann F. Wirth & Sarah K. Volkman Piperaquine (PPQ) resistance of Plasmodium is an increasing problem. Here, Bopp et al. find a bimodal dose−response curve of Cambodian isolates exposed to PPQ, with the area under the curve correlating with in vitro PPQ resistance, and show the importance of Plasmepsin II–III copy number to PPQ resistance. 02 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04104-z Antiparasitic agents  Infectious-disease epidemiology  Malaria  Target validation  Precisely timed inhibition facilitates action potential firing for spatial coding in the auditory brainstem OPEN Barbara Beiderbeck, Michael H. Myoga, Nicolas I.C. Müller, Alexander R. Callan, Eckhard Friauf, Benedikt Grothe & Michael Pecka Binaural cue processing in auditory brainstem relies on the precise temporal relationship between excitatory and inhibitory inputs. Here the authors provide direct evidence that sub-millisecond precise inhibition can tune sensitivity to input processing in the lateral superior olive via post inhibitory facilitation. 02 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04210-y Auditory system  Neural circuits  Sensory processing  De novo activating mutations drive clonal evolution and enhance clonal fitness in KMT2A-rearranged leukemia OPEN Axel Hyrenius-Wittsten , Mattias Pilheden, Helena Sturesson, Jenny Hansson, Michael P. Walsh, Guangchun Song, Julhash U. Kazi, Jian Liu, Ramprasad Ramakrishan, Cristian Garcia-Ruiz, Stephanie Nance, Pankaj Gupta, Jinghui Zhang, Lars Rönnstrand, Anne Hultquist, James R. Downing, Karin Lindkvist-Petersson, Kajsa Paulsson, Marcus Järås, Tanja A. Gruber et al. In acute leukemia with KMT2A rearrangements (KMT2A-R), activating signaling mutations are common. Here, the authors use a retroviral acute myeloid mouse leukemia model to show that subclonal de novo activating mutations drive clonal evolution in acute leukemia with KMT2A-R and enhance clonal fitness. 02 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04180-1 Cancer genetics  Leukaemia  Mechanisms of disease  Identification of a pyrophosphate-dependent kinase and its donor selectivity determinants OPEN Ryuhei Nagata, Masahiro Fujihashi, Takaaki Sato, Haruyuki Atomi & Kunio Miki While most kinases are ATP-dependent some utilize pyrophosphate (PPi) instead. Here the authors structurally characterize a PPi-dependent kinase, identify its key recognition residues and find further PPi-dependent ribokinase family members with this signature pattern. 02 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04201-z Biochemistry  Chemical biology  Structural biology  Representation of multiple objects in macaque category-selective areas OPEN Pinglei Bao & Doris Y. Tsao Inferotemporal cortex (IT) neurons respond to specific objects but the precise neural mechanisms for clutter-invariant representation is not known. Here the authors show that face and body patch IT neurons respond to multiple objects with winner-take-all, contralateral-take-all or weighted averaging depending on the stimulus properties. 02 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04126-7 Extrastriate cortex  Object vision  Topologically guided tuning of Zr-MOF pore structures for highly selective separation of C6 alkane isomers OPEN Hao Wang, Xinglong Dong, Junzhong Lin, Simon J. Teat, Stephanie Jensen, Jeremy Cure, Eugeny V. Alexandrov, Qibin Xia, Kui Tan, Qining Wang, David H. Olson, Davide M. Proserpio, Yves J. Chabal, Timo Thonhauser, Junliang Sun, Yu Han & Jing Li The separation of C6 alkane isomers is crucial to the petroleum refining industry, but the distillation methods in place are energy intensive. Here, the authors design a series of topologically-guided zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks with optimized pore structures for efficient C6 alkane isomer separations. 01 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04152-5 Chemical engineering  Metal–organic frameworks  Porous materials  The AFF-1 exoplasmic fusogen is required for endocytic scission and seamless tube elongation OPEN Fabien Soulavie, David H. Hall & Meera V. Sundaram Membrane fusion and fission events at exoplasmic membrane surfaces are not well understood. Here the authors show that the C. elegans cell–cell fusogen AFF-1 is required for endocytic scission and apically-directed membrane trafficking during the development of a unicellular tube. 01 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04091-1 Membrane fission  Membrane fusion  Organogenesis  Non-canonical activation of DAPK2 by AMPK constitutes a new pathway linking metabolic stress to autophagy OPEN Ruth Shiloh, Yuval Gilad, Yaara Ber, Miriam Eisenstein, Dina Aweida, Shani Bialik, Shenhav Cohen & Adi Kimchi DAPK2 is a calmodulin-regulated protein kinase implicated in autophagy regulation, but how physiological stress leads to its activation is yet unknown. Here, the authors show that the central metabolic sensor AMPK phosphorylates DAPK2 to promote autophagy in a calmodulin-independent mechanism. 01 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03907-4 Kinases  Macroautophagy  Phosphoproteins  Phosphorylation  Stress signalling  Flexible and ultra-lightweight polymer membrane lasers OPEN Markus Karl, James M. E. Glackin, Marcel Schubert, Nils M. Kronenberg, Graham A. Turnbull, Ifor D. W. Samuel & Malte C. Gather Organic semiconductors provide a platform for flexible lasers, but these are still produced on rigid, thick substrates. Here, Karl et al. develop a method to make freestanding membrane lasers that can be transferred onto any substrate and show that these could be used as anti-counterfeiting labels. 01 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03874-w Lasers, LEDs and light sources  Nanophotonics and plasmonics  Catalytic condensation for the formation of polycyclic heteroaromatic compounds OPEN Daniel Forberg, Tobias Schwob & Rhett Kempe The development of novel chemical reactions converting biomass-derived alcohols into important classes of compounds is a particularly attractive strategy. Here, the authors report the catalytic condensation of phenols and aminophenols or aminoalcohols for the synthesis of carbazoles, quinolones and acridines. 01 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04143-6 Heterogeneous catalysis  Synthetic chemistry methodology  Sustainability  Frizzled-8 integrates Wnt-11 and transforming growth factor-β signaling in prostate cancer OPEN Virginia Murillo-Garzón, Irantzu Gorroño-Etxebarria, Malin Åkerfelt, Mikael Christer Puustinen, Lea Sistonen, Matthias Nees, James Carton, Jonathan Waxman & Robert M. Kypta Wnt11 has been shown to play a role in invasion and metastasis of prostate cancer. Here the authors show that in prostate cancer cells Wnt11 signals through the Fzd8 receptor and report an interaction between Fzd8 and TGF-β receptors regulating the transcription of a subset of TGF-beta genes. 01 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04042-w Extracellular signalling molecules  Prostate cancer  High frequency neural spiking and auditory signaling by ultrafast red-shifted optogenetics OPEN Thomas Mager, David Lopez de la Morena, Verena Senn, Johannes Schlotte, Anna D´Errico, Katrin Feldbauer, Christian Wrobel, Sangyong Jung, Kai Bodensiek, Vladan Rankovic, Lorcan Browne, Antoine Huet, Josephine Jüttner, Phillip G. Wood, Johannes J. Letzkus, Tobias Moser & Ernst Bamberg Optogenetic applications would benefit from channelrhodopsins (ChRs) with faster photostimulation, increased tissue transparency and lower phototoxicity. Here, the authors develop fast red-shifted ChR variants and show the abilities for temporal precise spiking of cerebral interneurons and restoring auditory activity in deaf mice. 01 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04146-3 Cochlea  Ion transport  Optogenetics  Distinct mutational signatures characterize concurrent loss of polymerase proofreading and mismatch repair OPEN N. J. Haradhvala, J. Kim, Y. E. Maruvka, P. Polak, D. Rosebrock, D. Livitz, J. M. Hess, I. Leshchiner, A. Kamburov, K. W. Mouw, M. S. Lawrence & G. Getz Polymerase proofreading and the mismatch repair pathway maintain the fidelity of DNA replication. Here the authors show that tumors with concurrent loss of function of both pathways lead to mutation signatures that are not simply a sum of the signatures found in tumors involving single alteration. 01 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04002-4 Cancer genomics  Computational biology and bioinformatics  Magnetic nanochain integrated microfluidic biochips OPEN Qirong Xiong, Chun Yee Lim, Jinghua Ren, Jiajing Zhou, Kanyi Pu, Mary B. Chan-Park, Hui Mao, Yee Cheong Lam & Hongwei Duan Microfluidic platforms are an attractive setup for performing clinical tests but integrated liquid mixing and bioseparation is difficult at small scales. Here Xiong et al. propose magnetic nanochains which can stir the solution and capture agents and thus enable liquid analysis in a short amount of time. 01 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04172-1 Microfluidics  Sensors and biosensors  Starting geometry creation and design method for freeform optics OPEN Aaron Bauer, Eric M. Schiesser & Jannick P. Rolland Optics that have no rotational or translation symmetry, termed freeform, have the potential to make well-corrected compact optical systems. Here, Bauer et al. approach the design of freeform optics with aberration theory and present general guidelines to design and optimize physically realizable systems. 01 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04186-9 Applied optics  Applied physics  Dkk3 dependent transcriptional regulation controls age related skeletal muscle atrophy OPEN Jie Yin, Lele Yang, Yangli Xie, Yan Liu, Sheng Li, Wenjun Yang, Bo Xu, Hongbin Ji, Lianghua Ding, Kun Wang, Gang Li, Lin Chen & Ping Hu Ageing is associated with muscle atrophy. Here, the authors show that the secreted glycoprotein Dickkopf 3 promotes muscle atrophy by inducing nuclear import of beta-catenin, its association with FoxO3 and the consequent activation of the atrophy-related genes Atrogin1 and MuRF1. 01 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04038-6 Ageing  Skeletal muscle  Substrate-bound outward-open structure of a Na+-coupled sialic acid symporter reveals a new Na+ site OPEN Weixiao Y. Wahlgren , Elin Dunevall, Rachel A. North, Aviv Paz, Mariafrancesca Scalise, Paola Bisignano, Johan Bengtsson-Palme, Parveen Goyal, Elin Claesson, Rhawnie Caing-Carlsson, Rebecka Andersson, Konstantinos Beis, Ulf J. Nilsson, Anne Farewell, Lorena Pochini, Cesare Indiveri, Michael Grabe, Renwick C. J. Dobson, Jeff Abramson, S. Ramaswamy et al. Sialic acid transporters (SiaT) are required for sialic acid uptake in a number of human pathogens and are of interest as targets for antimicrobial drug development. Here the authors present the substrate bound SiaT structure from the uropathogen Proteus mirabilis and provide insights into the mechanism of sialic acid transport. 01 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04045-7 Antimicrobials  Glycobiology  Medicinal chemistry  Molecular biophysics  X-ray crystallography  The topological requirements for robust perfect adaptation in networks of any size OPEN Robyn P. Araujo & Lance A. Liotta Robust perfect adaptation (RPA), the ability of a system to return to its pre-stimulus state in the presence of a new signal, enables organisms to respond to further changes in stimuli. Here, the authors identify the modular structure of the full set of network topologies that can confer RPA on complex networks. 01 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04151-6 Biochemical networks  Complexity  Modularity  Robustness  Validating the concept of mutational signatures with isogenic cell models OPEN Xueqing Zou, Michel Owusu, Rebecca Harris, Stephen P. Jackson, Joanna I. Loizou & Serena Nik-Zainal As cells evolve towards malignancy, somatic mutations arise from defects in DNA damage and repair processes which are each associated with individual mutation signatures. Here the authors show it is possible to recreate cancer mutational signatures in vitro using gene editing experiments in an isogenic human-cell system. 01 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04052-8 Cancer genomics  Genomic instability  Sulfenate anions as organocatalysts for benzylic chloromethyl coupling polymerization via C=C bond formation OPEN Minyan Li, Simon Berritt, Carol Wang, Xiaodong Yang, Yang Liu, Sheng-Chun Sha, Bo Wang, Rui Wang, Xuyu Gao, Zhanyong Li, Xinyuan Fan, Youtian Tao & Patrick J. Walsh Polymerization reactions are often catalysed by metal compounds and hence there are concerns surrounding toxicity, cost and environmental friendliness. Here the authors show sulfenate anions as organocatalysts for benzylic chloromethyl-coupling polymerization reactions to form poly(stilbene)s. 01 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04095-x Conjugated polymers  Synthetic chemistry methodology  Organocatalysis  Polymer synthesis  IL-21 drives expansion and plasma cell differentiation of autoreactive CD11chiT-bet+ B cells in SLE OPEN Shu Wang , Jingya Wang, Varsha Kumar, Jodi L. Karnell, Brian Naiman, Phillip S. Gross, Saifur Rahman, Kamelia Zerrouki, Richard Hanna, Christopher Morehouse, Nicholas Holoweckyj, Hao Liu, Zerai Manna, Raphaela Goldbach-Mansky, Sarfaraz Hasni, Richard Siegel, Miguel Sanjuan, Katie Streicher, Michael P. Cancro, Roland Kolbeck et al. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is associated with altered B cell responses but the underlying aetiology is still unclear. Here the authors show that a CD11chiT-bet+ B cell subset with a unique phenotype and transcriptome is increased in patients with SLE, can be expanded by IL-21, and may contribute to autoimmune responses in SLE. 01 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03750-7 Antibodies  Autoimmunity  Interleukins  Plasma cells  Contrast-enhanced ultrasound measurement of pancreatic blood flow dynamics predicts type 1 diabetes progression in preclinical models OPEN Joshua R. St Clair, David Ramirez, Samantha Passman & Richard K. P. Benninger Non-invasive techniques to assess the progression of type 1 diabetes prior to clinical onset are needed. Here the authors apply a contrast-enhanced ultrasound measurement of mouse pancreatic blood flow to detect changes in the islet microvasculature that undergoes rearrangements during diabetes and predict disease progression. 01 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03953-y Biomedical engineering  Type 1 diabetes  Ancient DNA study reveals HLA susceptibility locus for leprosy in medieval Europeans OPEN Ben Krause-Kyora , Marcel Nutsua, Lisa Boehme, Federica Pierini, Dorthe Dangvard Pedersen, Sabin-Christin Kornell, Dmitriy Drichel, Marion Bonazzi, Lena Möbus, Peter Tarp, Julian Susat, Esther Bosse, Beatrix Willburger, Alexander H. Schmidt, Jürgen Sauter, Andre Franke, Michael Wittig, Amke Caliebe, Michael Nothnagel, Stefan Schreiber et al. Leprosy, caused by infection with Mycobacterium leprae, was common in Europe in the Middle Ages. Here, Krause-Kyora et al. analyze ancient DNA from a medieval Danish leprosarium to assemble 10 complete bacterial genomes and perform association analysis of the DRB1*15:01 allele with risk of leprosy infection. 01 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03857-x Archaeology  Bacterial infection  Disease genetics  Genetic association study  Architecture of the U6 snRNP reveals specific recognition of 3′-end processed U6 snRNA OPEN Eric J. Montemayor, Allison L. Didychuk, Allyson D. Yake, Gurnimrat K. Sidhu, David A. Brow & Samuel E. Butcher The spliceosome removes introns from precursor messenger RNAs to produce mature mRNAs. Here the authors report a U6 snRNP crystal structure that provides insight on how the 3′ phosphate of U6 snRNA is recognized by the Lsm2–8 complex and how the U6 snRNP proteins sequester and protect the active site RNA until it is assembled into the spliceosome. 01 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04145-4 RNA  X-ray crystallography  Activity dependent LoNA regulates translation by coordinating rRNA transcription and methylation OPEN Dingfeng Li, Juan Zhang, Ming Wang, Xiaohui Li, Huarui Gong, Huiping Tang, Lin Chen, Lili Wan & Qiang Liu Non-coding RNAs have been shown to be key components in translational regulation. Here the authors characterize long nucleolus specific lncRNA termed LoNA, identified to play a role in protein biosynthesis by inhibiting rRNA production and ribosome biosynthesis in nucleoli. 30 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04072-4 Epigenetics in the nervous system  Long non-coding RNAs  Multi-omics profiling of younger Asian breast cancers reveals distinctive molecular signatures OPEN Zhengyan Kan , Ying Ding, Jinho Kim, Hae Hyun Jung, Woosung Chung, Samir Lal, Soonweng Cho, Julio Fernandez-Banet, Se Kyung Lee, Seok Won Kim, Jeong Eon Lee, Yoon-La Choi, Shibing Deng, Ji-Yeon Kim, Jin Seok Ahn, Ying Sha, Xinmeng Jasmine Mu, Jae-Yong Nam, Young-Hyuck Im, Soohyeon Lee et al. While breast cancer incidence in the Asia Pacific region is rising, the molecular basis remains poorly characterized. Here the authors perform genomic screening of 187 Korean breast cancer patients and find differences in molecular subtype distribution, mutation pattern and prevalence, and gene expression signature when compared to TCGA. 30 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04129-4 Breast cancer  Cancer genomics  Data mining  An effector from the Huanglongbing-associated pathogen targets citrus proteases OPEN Kelley Clark, Jessica Yvette Franco, Simon Schwizer, Zhiqian Pang, Eva Hawara, Thomas W. H. Liebrand, Deborah Pagliaccia, Liping Zeng, Fatta B. Gurung, Pengcheng Wang, Jinxia Shi, Yinsheng Wang, Veronica Ancona, Renier A. L. van der Hoorn, Nian Wang, Gitta Coaker & Wenbo Ma Greening disease threatens the productivity of citrus crops worldwide yet the pathosystem is poorly understood. Here, Clark et al. show that an effector cloned from the associated bacteria can suppress host plant papain-like cysteine proteases' activity, suggesting its probable role in pathogenesis. 30 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04140-9 Biotic  Pathogens  Plant immunity  Widespread intronic polyadenylation diversifies immune cell transcriptomes OPEN Irtisha Singh, Shih-Han Lee, Adam S. Sperling, Mehmet K. Samur, Yu-Tzu Tai, Mariateresa Fulciniti, Nikhil C. Munshi, Christine Mayr & Christina S. Leslie Recognition of intronic polyadenylation (IpA) signals can lead to expression of truncated proteins lacking C terminal domains. Analysis of 3ʹ -seq and RNA-seq shows that IpA is widespread in circulating immune cells, while multiple myeloma cells show loss of IpA isoforms that are normally expressed in plasma cells, impacting key genes in the disease. 30 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04112-z Cancer genomics  Computational biology and bioinformatics  Molecular biology  Linear mitochondrial DNA is rapidly degraded by components of the replication machinery OPEN Viktoriya Peeva, Daniel Blei, Genevieve Trombly, Sarah Corsi, Maciej J. Szukszto, Pedro Rebelo-Guiomar, Payam A. Gammage, Alexei P. Kudin, Christian Becker, Janine Altmüller, Michal Minczuk, Gábor Zsurka & Wolfram S. Kunz Damaged linearized mtDNA needs to be removed from the cell for mitochondrial genome stability. Here the authors shed light into the identity of the machinery responsible for rapidly degrading linearized DNA, implicating the role of mtDNA replication factors. 30 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04131-w DNA metabolism  Mitochondria  Increased proteasomal activity supports photoreceptor survival in inherited retinal degeneration OPEN Ekaterina S. Lobanova, Stella Finkelstein, Jing Li, Amanda M. Travis, Ying Hao, Mikael Klingeborn, Nikolai P. Skiba, Raymond J. Deshaies & Vadim Y. Arshavsky Proteasomal overload can be found in a broad spectrum of mouse models of retinal degeneration. Here the authors find that overexpressing the PA28α subunit of the 11S proteasome cap increased the number of surviving functional photoreceptor cells in a mouse model of retinal degeneration bearing the P23H mutation in rhodopsin. 30 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04117-8 Mechanisms of disease  Retina  Reconstruction of the ancestral metazoan genome reveals an increase in genomic novelty OPEN Jordi Paps & Peter W. H. Holland Animals, the Metazoa, co-opted numerous unicellular genes in their transition to multicellularity. Here, the authors use phylogenomic analyses to infer the genome composition of the ancestor of extant animals and show there was also a burst of novel gene groups associated with this transition. 30 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04136-5 Comparative genomics  Evolutionary developmental biology  Genome evolution  Warm/cool-tone switchable thermochromic material for smart windows by orthogonally integrating properties of pillar[6]arene and ferrocene OPEN Sai Wang, Zuqiang Xu, Tingting Wang, Tangxin Xiao, Xiao-Yu Hu, Ying-Zhong Shen & Leyong Wang Materials for smart windows usually possess single functionality, thus developing materials that regulate solar energy whilst changing color to affect human emotion is desirable. Here the authors combine pillar[6]arenes and ferrocene/ferrocenium groups to produce warm/cool tone-switchable thermochromic materials. 30 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03827-3 Supramolecular chemistry  Supramolecular polymers  Highly nitrogen doped carbon nanofibers with superior rate capability and cyclability for potassium ion batteries OPEN Yang Xu, Chenglin Zhang, Min Zhou, Qun Fu, Chengxi Zhao, Minghong Wu & Yong Lei The development of potassium ion batteries calls for cheap, sustainable, and high-performance electrode materials. Here, the authors report a highly nitrogen-doped soft carbon anode that exhibits superior rate capability and cyclability based on a surface dominated charge storage mechanism. 30 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04190-z Batteries  Energy  Structural properties  Porous polycarbene-bearing membrane actuator for ultrasensitive weak-acid detection and real-time chemical reaction monitoring OPEN Jian-Ke Sun, Weiyi Zhang, Ryan Guterman, Hui-Juan Lin & Jiayin Yuan The design of soft actuators which show high sensitivity and allow for simultaneous interaction with multiple stimuli still remains a challenge. Here the authors demonstrate a highly sensitive proton actuator which allows monitoring of an entire process of chemical reactions that comprise multiple stimuli and operational steps. 30 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03938-x Polymer chemistry  Polymers  Direct binding of CEP85 to STIL ensures robust PLK4 activation and efficient centriole assembly OPEN Yi Liu, Gagan D. Gupta, Deepak D. Barnabas, Fikret G. Agircan, Shahid Mehmood, Di Wu, Etienne Coyaud, Christopher M. Johnson, Stephen H. McLaughlin, Antonina Andreeva, Stefan M. V. Freund, Carol V. Robinson, Sally W. T. Cheung, Brian Raught, Laurence Pelletier & Mark van Breugel Centriole duplication is tightly regulated in vivo, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are incompletely understood. Here the authors use high-resolution structural and imaging methods to show that CEP85 directly interacts with STIL and mediates efficient centriolar targeting of STIL, PLK4 activation and centriole assembly. 30 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04122-x Centrosome  X-ray crystallography  Tailoring supercurrent confinement in graphene bilayer weak links OPEN Rainer Kraft, Jens Mohrmann, Renjun Du, Pranauv Balaji Selvasundaram, Muhammad Irfan, Umut Nefta Kanilmaz, Fan Wu, Detlef Beckmann, Hilbert von Löhneysen, Ralph Krupke, Anton Akhmerov, Igor Gornyi & Romain Danneau The Josephson effect is at the core of superconducting devices. Here, the authors demonstrate control of spatial confinement, amplitude, and density profile of supercurrents in one-dimensional nanoscale constrictions within graphene bilayers. 30 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04153-4 Electronic properties and devices  Superconducting devices  The RNA-binding protein YBX1 regulates epidermal progenitors at a posttranscriptional level OPEN Eunjeong Kwon, Kristina Todorova, Jun Wang, Rastislav Horos, Kevin K. Lee, Victor A. Neel, Gian Luca Negri, Poul H. Sorensen, Sam W. Lee, Matthias W. Hentze & Anna Mandinova The integrity of the stratified epithelia relies on controlled cell turnover but it is unclear how mRNA binding proteins regulates this. Here, the authors show that the RNA binding protein Y-box binding protein-1 translationally represses cytokines, so preventing senescence and maintaining epidermal homeostasis. 30 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04092-0 Senescence  Skin models  Transcription  Spatiotemporal manipulation of ciliary glutamylation reveals its roles in intraciliary trafficking and Hedgehog signaling OPEN Shi-Rong Hong, Cuei-Ling Wang, Yao-Shen Huang, Yu-Chen Chang, Ya-Chu Chang, Ganesh V. Pusapati, Chun-Yu Lin, Ning Hsu, Hsiao-Chi Cheng, Yueh-Chen Chiang, Wei-En Huang, Nathan C. Shaner, Rajat Rohatgi, Takanari Inoue & Yu-Chun Lin Tubulin post-translational modifications (PTMs) occur spatiotemporally throughout cells, therefore assessing the physiological roles in specific subcellular compartments has been challenging. Here the authors develop a method to rapidly deplete tubulin glutamylation inside the primary cilia by targeting an engineered deglutamylase to the axoneme. 30 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03952-z Cilia  Microtubules  Structural basis for energy transduction by respiratory alternative complex III OPEN Joana S. Sousa, Filipa Calisto, Julian D. Langer, Deryck J. Mills, Patrícia N. Refojo, Miguel Teixeira, Werner Kühlbrandt, Janet Vonck & Manuela M. Pereira Some prokaryotes use alternative respiratory chain complexes, such as the alternative complex III (ACIII), to generate energy. Here authors provide the cryoEM structure of ACIII from Rhodothermus marinus which shows the arrangement of cofactors and provides insights into the mechanism for energy transduction. 30 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04141-8 Bioenergetics  Cryoelectron microscopy  Oxidoreductases  Native mass spectrometry combined with enzymatic dissection unravels glycoform heterogeneity of biopharmaceuticals OPEN Therese Wohlschlager, Kai Scheffler, Ines C. Forstenlehner, Wolfgang Skala, Stefan Senn, Eugen Damoc, Johann Holzmann & Christian G. Huber The specific glycosylation patterns of biological drugs often impact the efficacy and safety of the therapeutic product. Here the authors describe a native mass spectrometry approach that allows the resolution of highly complex glycosylation patterns on large proteins, which they apply to the therapeutic Fc-fusion protein Etanercept. 30 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04061-7 Biochemical assays  Bioinformatics  Biologics  Glycobiology  Mass spectrometry  High spatial resolution nanoslit SERS for single-molecule nucleobase sensing OPEN Chang Chen, Yi Li, Sarp Kerman, Pieter Neutens, Kherim Willems, Sven Cornelissen, Liesbet Lagae, Tim Stakenborg & Pol Van Dorpe Direct and real-time identification of nucleobases in DNA strands is still limited by the sensitivity and spatial resolution of the established solid-state nanopore devices. Here, the authors use CMOS compatible, plasmonic nanoslits to locally enable SERS for identifying nucleobases, both individual and incorporated in DNA strands. 30 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04118-7 Characterization and analytical techniques  Nanophotonics and plasmonics  Nanopores  Raman spectroscopy  Increasing occurrence of cold and warm extremes during the recent global warming slowdown OPEN Nathaniel C. Johnson, Shang-Ping Xie, Yu Kosaka & Xichen Li During 2002–2014, global mean temperatures stayed nearly steady, but both summertime warm and wintertime cold extreme temperature occurrences over North Hemisphere continents increased. Here the authors show that the contrasting changes in these metrics were driven by distinct climate patterns. 30 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04040-y Atmospheric dynamics  Climate and Earth system modelling  On-surface synthesis of a nitrogen-embedded buckybowl with inverse Stone–Thrower–Wales topology OPEN Shantanu Mishra, Maciej Krzeszewski, Carlo A. Pignedoli, Pascal Ruffieux, Roman Fasel & Daniel T. Gryko Heteroatom doping of buckybowls is a viable route to tune their intrinsic physico-chemical properties, but their synthesis remains challenging. Here, the authors report on a combined in-solution and on-surface synthetic strategy towards the fabrication of a buckybowl containing two fused nitrogen-doped pentagonal rings. 30 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04144-5 Density functional theory  Scanning probe microscopy  Surface spectroscopy  Theoretical principles of transcription factor traffic on folded chromatin OPEN Ruggero Cortini & Guillaume J. Filion How transcription factors find their targets in vivo is still poorly understood. Here the authors use molecular dynamics simulations to investigate how transcription factors diffuse on chromatin, providing a theoretical framework for understanding the key role of genome conformation in this process. 30 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04130-x Biological physics  Biopolymers in vivo  Chromatin structure  Computational models  Large thermoelectric power factor from crystal symmetry-protected non-bonding orbital in half-Heuslers OPEN Jiawei Zhou, Hangtian Zhu, Te-Huan Liu, Qichen Song, Ran He, Jun Mao, Zihang Liu, Wuyang Ren, Bolin Liao, David J. Singh, Zhifeng Ren & Gang Chen The intrinsic origin of high-power factors observed in half-Heusler alloys remains elusive, limiting the design of new thermoelectric materials. In this work, the authors reveal it is due to weakened electron–acoustic phonon coupling, originating from crystal symmetry protection of non-bonding orbitals. 30 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03866-w Atomistic models  Electronic properties and materials  Thermoelectrics  Environmental fluctuations accelerate molecular evolution of thermal tolerance in a marine diatom OPEN C.-Elisa Schaum, A. Buckling, N. Smirnoff, D. J. Studholme & G. Yvon-Durocher A better mechanistic understanding of how marine diatoms adapt to global warming is pertinent to project changes in global ocean primary production. Here, Schaum et al. show substantial phenotypic and genomic changes in Thalassiosira pseudonana during a 300-generation selection experiment in stable and fluctuating environments. 30 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03906-5 Climate change  Evolutionary ecology  Experimental evolution  Microbiology  C/EBPβ enhances platinum resistance of ovarian cancer cells by reprogramming H3K79 methylation OPEN Dan Liu, Xiao-Xue Zhang, Meng-Chen Li, Can-Hui Cao, Dong-Yi Wan, Bi-Xin Xi, Jia-Hong Tan, Ji Wang, Zong-Yuan Yang, Xin-Xia Feng, Fei Ye, Gang Chen, Peng Wu, Ling Xi, Hui Wang, Jian-Feng Zhou, Zuo-Hua Feng, Ding Ma & Qing-Lei Gao In ovarian cancer, the mechanism of chemoresistance is a key question. Here, the authors demonstrate that C/EBPβ and DOT1L together increase methylation of H3K79, which upregulates expression of oncogenic genes and drives poor platinum response and poor survival in ovarian cancer. 30 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03590-5 Cancer therapeutic resistance  Histone post-translational modifications  Mechanisms of disease  Ovarian cancer  The senescence-associated secretory phenotype is potentiated by feedforward regulatory mechanisms involving Zscan4 and TAK1 OPEN Boyi Zhang, Da Fu, Qixia Xu, Xianling Cong, Chunyan Wu, Xiaoming Zhong, Yushui Ma, Zhongwei Lv, Fei Chen, Liu Han, Min Qian, Y. Eugene Chin, Eric W. -F. Lam, Paul Chiao & Yu Sun In cancer the side effects of therapeutic agents can provoke senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which can drive cancer resistance. During the DNA damage response, transcription factor Zscan4 expression is elevated by an ATM-TRAF6-TAK1 axis leading to long term SASP in human stromal cells. 30 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04010-4 Cancer microenvironment  Translational research  Piezo1 is a mechanically activated ion channel and mediates pressure induced pancreatitis OPEN Joelle M.-J. Romac, Rafiq A. Shahid, Sandip M. Swain, Steven R. Vigna & Rodger A. Liddle Manipulation of the pancreas during surgery can induce acute pancreatitis due to zymogen activation. Here the authors show that the mechanoreceptor Piezo1 is activated by pressure and its activation leads to calcium dependent pancreatic injury whereas its inhibition is protective against pancreatitis. 30 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04194-9 Calcium channels  Mechanisms of disease  Promotion of virus assembly and organization by the measles virus matrix protein OPEN Zunlong Ke, Joshua D. Strauss, Cheri M. Hampton, Melinda A. Brindley, Rebecca S. Dillard, Fredrick Leon, Kristen M. Lamb, Richard K. Plemper & Elizabeth R. Wright Virus assembly is technically challenging to study. Here the authors use cryo-electron tomography of measles virus-infected human cells to determine native-state virus structure and they locate well-ordered M lattices that organize viral glycoproteins, RNP, and drive assembly. 30 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04058-2 Cryoelectron microscopy  Cryoelectron tomography  Measles virus  Virus structures  Oxygen minimum zone cryptic sulfur cycling sustained by offshore transport of key sulfur oxidizing bacteria OPEN Cameron M. Callbeck, Gaute Lavik, Timothy G. Ferdelman, Bernhard Fuchs, Harald R. Gruber-Vodicka, Philipp F. Hach, Sten Littmann, Niels J. Schoffelen, Tim Kalvelage, Sören Thomsen, Harald Schunck, Carolin R. Löscher, Ruth A. Schmitz & Marcel M. M. Kuypers The presence and activity of sulfide-oxidizing denitrifying bacteria in sulfide-poor offshore oxygen minimum zone waters remains unclear. Here, the authors combine oceanography, molecular, biogeochemical and single-cell techniques to examine their distribution, metabolic capacity, and origins. 30 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04041-x Element cycles  Marine microbiology  Microbial biooceanography  Bayesian nonparametric discovery of isoforms and individual specific quantification OPEN Derek Aguiar, Li-Fang Cheng, Bianca Dumitrascu, Fantine Mordelet, Athma A. Pai & Barbara E. Engelhardt Alternative splicing leads to transcript isoform diversity. Here, Aguiar et al. develop biisq, a Bayesian nonparametric approach to discover and quantify isoforms from RNA-seq data. 27 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03402-w Gene expression profiling  Genome informatics  Towards ultrafast dynamics with split-pulse X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy at free electron laser sources OPEN W. Roseker, S. O. Hruszkewycz, F. Lehmkühler, M. Walther, H. Schulte-Schrepping, S. Lee, T. Osaka, L. Strüder, R. Hartmann, M. Sikorski, S. Song, A. Robert, P. H. Fuoss, M. Sutton, G. B. Stephenson & G. Grübel X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy has been mainly used to measure slow dynamics using synchrotron sources. Here the authors demonstrate the split-and- delay pulse set-up to study nanosecond dynamics of gold nanoparticles using XPCS with free electron laser pulses. 27 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04178-9 Glasses  Optical techniques  Techniques and instrumentation  X-rays  The genetic architecture of floral traits in the woody plant Prunus mume OPEN Qixiang Zhang , He Zhang, Lidan Sun, Guangyi Fan, Meixia Ye, Libo Jiang, Xin Liu, Kaifeng Ma, Chengcheng Shi, Fei Bao, Rui Guan, Yu Han, Yuanyuan Fu, Huitang Pan, Zhaozhe Chen, Liangwei Li, Jia Wang, Meiqi Lv, Tangchun Zheng, Cunquan Yuan et al. Mei (Prunus mume) is a woody tree that produces ornamental blossoms which symbolize spring in East Asia. Here, Zhang et al. resequence wild and domesticated mei to reveal considerable admixture and introgression from other Prunus species and identify loci associated with floral traits. 27 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04093-z Genome-wide association studies  Plant genetics  Whole-exome sequencing of cell-free DNA and circulating tumor cells in multiple myeloma OPEN S. Manier , J. Park, M. Capelletti, M. Bustoros, S. S. Freeman, G. Ha, J. Rhoades, C. J. Liu, D. Huynh, S. C. Reed, G. Gydush, K. Z. Salem, D. Rotem, C. Freymond, A. Yosef, A. Perilla-Glen, L. Garderet, E. M. Van Allen, S. Kumar, J. C. Love et al. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and cell-free DNA (cfDNA) enables characterization of a patient’s cancer. Here, the authors analyse CTCs, cfDNA, and tumor biopsies from multiple myeloma patients to show these approaches are complementary for mutation detection, together enabling a greater fraction of patient tumors to be profiled. 27 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04001-5 Cancer genomics  Myeloma  Unexpected behaviors in molecular transport through size-controlled nanochannels down to the ultra-nanoscale OPEN Giacomo Bruno, Nicola Di Trani, R. Lyle Hood, Erika Zabre, Carly Sue Filgueira, Giancarlo Canavese, Priya Jain, Zachary Smith, Danilo Demarchi, Sharath Hosali, Alberto Pimpinelli, Mauro Ferrari & Alessandro Grattoni Transport through nanochannels is usually dominated by electrostatic interactions and depends on the charge of diffusing molecules. Here the authors show that for channel heights between 2 and 4 nanometers, transport is insensitive to molecule charge. 27 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04133-8 Nanofluidics  Nanopores  Transporter gene acquisition and innovation in the evolution of Microsporidia intracellular parasites OPEN P. Dean, K. M. Sendra, T. A. Williams, A. K. Watson, P. Major, S. Nakjang, E. Kozhevnikova, A. V. Goldberg, E. R. S. Kunji, R. P. Hirt & T. M. Embley Microsporidia are obligate intracellular parasites that infect both humans and animals. Here, Dean et al. perform ancient gene reconstruction and functional assays to investigate the evolution and functional diversification of nucleotide transporters which are key to the parasite's intracellular lifestyle. 27 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03923-4 Experimental evolution  Parasitology  CVD-grown monolayer MoS2 in bioabsorbable electronics and biosensors OPEN Xiang Chen, Yong Ju Park, Minpyo Kang, Seung-Kyun Kang, Jahyun Koo, Sachin M. Shinde, Jiho Shin, Seunghyun Jeon, Gayoung Park, Ying Yan, Matthew R. MacEwan, Wilson Z. Ray, Kyung-Mi Lee, John A Rogers & Jong-Hyun Ahn Transient electronics entails the capability of electronic components to dissolve or reabsorb in a controlled manner when used in biomedical implants. Here, the authors perform a systematic study of the processes of hydrolysis, bioabsorption, cytotoxicity and immunological biocompatibility of monolayer MoS2. 27 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03956-9 Biosensors  Two-dimensional materials  Selective far-field addressing of coupled quantum dots in a plasmonic nanocavity OPEN Jianwei Tang, Juan Xia, Maodong Fang, Fanglin Bao, Guanjun Cao, Jianqi Shen, Julian Evans & Sailing He Plasmonic nanostructures can tailor excitation and emission for quantum emitters, but generally only for a single emitter. In this work, the authors selectively excite and detect one out of two quantum dots coupled to a deep-subwavelength cavity composed of three gold nanorods assembled into a U-shape. 27 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04077-z Nanocavities  Nanophotonics and plasmonics  Quantum dots  Sub-wavelength optics  The ng_ζ1 toxin of the gonococcal epsilon/zeta toxin/antitoxin system drains precursors for cell wall synthesis OPEN Andrea Rocker, Madeleine Peschke, Tiia Kittilä, Roman Sakson, Clara Brieke & Anton Meinhart Toxin–antitoxin (TA) systems are important modulators of bacterial physiology. Here, the authors structurally characterize the epsilon/zeta TA system from the Gram-negative pathogen Neisseria gonorrhoeae and show that the toxin interferes with peptidoglycan and lipopolysaccharide synthesis by phosphorylating the UDP-activated sugar-precursors. 27 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03652-8 Enzyme mechanisms  Pathogens  X-ray crystallography  Targeting of NAT10 enhances healthspan in a mouse model of human accelerated aging syndrome OPEN Gabriel Balmus, Delphine Larrieu, Ana C. Barros, Casey Collins, Monica Abrudan, Mukerrem Demir, Nicola J. Geisler, Christopher J. Lelliott, Jacqueline K. White, Natasha A. Karp, James Atkinson, Andrea Kirton, Matt Jacobsen, Dean Clift, Raphael Rodriguez, David J. Adams & Stephen P. Jackson Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome is characterized by premature aging with cardiovascular disease being the main cause of death. Here the authors show that inhibition of the NAT10 enzyme enhances cardiac function and fitness, and reduces age-related phenotypes in a mouse model of premature aging. 27 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03770-3 Ageing  Drug development  Genomic instability  Deconvolution of subcellular protrusion heterogeneity and the underlying actin regulator dynamics from live cell imaging OPEN Chuangqi Wang, Hee June Choi, Sung-Jin Kim, Aesha Desai, Namgyu Lee, Dohoon Kim, Yongho Bae & Kwonmoo Lee Cell protrusion dynamics are heterogeneous at the subcellular level, but current analyses operate at the cellular or ensemble level. Here the authors develop a computational framework to quantify subcellular protrusion phenotypes and reveal the underlying actin regulator dynamics at the leading edge. 27 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04030-0 Image processing  Lamellipodia  Machine learning  Single-cell imaging  A modular synthetic approach for band-gap engineering of armchair graphene nanoribbons OPEN Gang Li, Ki-Young Yoon, Xinjue Zhong, Jianchun Wang, Rui Zhang, Jeffrey R. Guest, Jianguo Wen, X.-Y. Zhu & Guangbin Dong Effective band-gap engineering of armchair graphene nanoribbons calls for control over both width and edge structure. Here, the authors report a modular synthesis of narrow N=6 armchair graphene nanoribbons whose edges can be unsymmetrically modified with heteroarenes, introducing a simple way to tune band gap. 27 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03747-2 Electronic devices  Electronic materials  Nanoscale materials  Snail promotes ovarian cancer progression by recruiting myeloid-derived suppressor cells via CXCR2 ligand upregulation OPEN Mana Taki, Kaoru Abiko, Tsukasa Baba, Junzo Hamanishi, Ken Yamaguchi, Ryusuke Murakami, Koji Yamanoi, Naoki Horikawa, Yuko Hosoe, Eijiro Nakamura, Aiko Sugiyama, Masaki Mandai, Ikuo Konishi & Noriomi Matsumura Snail is a transcription factor that induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Here the authors show that, in the mesenchymal subtype of ovarian cancer, Snail expression promotes tumorigenesis by inducing immune evasion through CXCR2-ligands-mediated recruitment of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. 27 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03966-7 Cancer microenvironment  Ovarian cancer  Tumour immunology  A cryptic cycle in haematopoietic niches promotes initiation of malaria transmission and evasion of chemotherapy OPEN Rebecca S. Lee, Andrew P. Waters & James M. Brewer Malaria transmission is effected by intra-erythrocytic parasites that commit to sexual development and form gametocytes. Here, the authors show that early reticulocytes in the major sites of haematopoiesis establish a cryptic asexual cycle; this cycle is characterised by early preferential commitment to gametocytogenesis, which initiates malaria transmission and drug resistance. 27 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04108-9 Antiparasitic agents  Malaria  Parasite development  The Ustilago maydis repetitive effector Rsp3 blocks the antifungal activity of mannose-binding maize proteins OPEN Lay-Sun Ma, Lei Wang, Christine Trippel, Artemio Mendoza-Mendoza, Steffen Ullmann, Marino Moretti, Alexander Carsten, Jörg Kahnt, Stefanie Reissmann, Bernd Zechmann, Gert Bange & Regine Kahmann The fungus Ustilago maydis secretes many effector proteins to cause disease in maize. Here, Ma et al. show that the repetitive effector Rsp3 is required for virulence by inhibiting the antifungal activity of two mannose-binding proteins that are secreted by the plant cells. 27 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04149-0 Fungal host response  Fungal pathogenesis  Pathogens  Plant immunity  Plasma cell differentiation is controlled by multiple cell division-coupled epigenetic programs OPEN Christopher D. Scharer, Benjamin G. Barwick, Muyao Guo, Alexander P. R. Bally & Jeremy M. Boss During B cell differentiation, the role of different genomic loci in transcriptional and epigenetic regulation in vivo is not well defined. Here the authors use an in vivo B cell differentiation model to map cellular division-dependent cis-regulatory element road map with ATAC-seq. 27 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04125-8 Chromatin  Epigenetics in immune cells  Population size changes and selection drive patterns of parallel evolution in a host–virus system OPEN Jens Frickel, Philine G. D. Feulner, Emre Karakoc & Lutz Becks Pathogens exert strong selection on hosts and thus may promote parallel evolution. Here, the authors find that hosts experimentally coevolving with a virus have parallel changes in population size, phenotype, and genomic regions, but accelerated divergence in genome sequence likely due to population size fluctuation. 27 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03990-7 Evolutionary ecology  Experimental evolution  Population genetics  A somatic role for the histone methyltransferase Setdb1 in endogenous retrovirus silencing OPEN Masaki Kato, Keiko Takemoto & Yoichi Shinkai Previous studies suggest that DNA methylation is the main mechanism to silence endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) in somatic cells. Here the authors provide evidence that distinctive sets of ERVs are silenced by Setdb1 in different types of somatic cells, suggesting a general function in ERV silencing. 27 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04132-9 Gene silencing  Transcriptional regulatory elements  A photochemical diode artificial photosynthesis system for unassisted high efficiency overall pure water splitting OPEN Faqrul A. Chowdhury, Michel L. Trudeau, Hong Guo & Zetian Mi A major challenge facing solar-to-fuel technologies is the integration of light-absorbing and catalytic components into efficient water-splitting devices. Here, the authors construct a photochemical diode array to harvest visible light and split pure water at high solar-to-hydrogen efficiencies. 27 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04067-1 Nanowires  Photocatalysis  Solar fuels  Manipulation of insulin signaling phenocopies evolution of a host-associated polyphenism OPEN Meghan M. Fawcett, Mary C. Parks, Alice E. Tibbetts, Jane S. Swart, Elizabeth M. Richards, Juan Camilo Vanegas, Meredith Cenzer, Laura Crowley, William R. Simmons, Wenzhen Stacey Hou & David R. Angelini The red-shouldered soapberry bug, Jadera haematoloma, is a potential model system for developmental plasticity. Here, the authors show that the reaction norm for wing polyphenism has evolved in a recently derived ecotype and identify insulin signaling as a candidate pathway underlying this adaptive change. 27 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04102-1 Evolutionary developmental biology  Evolutionary ecology  Dynamic tuneable G protein-coupled receptor monomer-dimer populations OPEN Patricia M. Dijkman, Oliver K. Castell, Alan D. Goddard, Juan C. Munoz-Garcia, Chris de Graaf, Mark I. Wallace & Anthony Watts Evidence suggests oligomerisation of G protein-coupled receptors in membranes, but this is controversial. Here, authors use single-molecule and ensemble FRET, and spectroscopy to show that the neurotensin receptor 1 forms multiple dimer conformations that interconvert - “rolling” interfaces. 27 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03727-6 G protein-coupled receptors  Membranes  Single-molecule biophysics  Supramolecular assembly  Structural analysis of human ARS2 as a platform for co-transcriptional RNA sorting OPEN Wiebke Manuela Schulze, Frank Stein, Mandy Rettel, Max Nanao & Stephen Cusack Arsenic resistance protein 2 (ARS2) plays an important role in nuclear RNA metabolism and interacts with the nuclear cap-binding complex (CBC). Here the authors present the human ARS2 structure and identify regions important for its interactions with binding partners supporting that mutually exclusive higher order CBC-ARS2 complexes are formed. 27 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04142-7 RNA-binding proteins  RNA metabolism  X-ray crystallography  Limits on determining the skill of North Atlantic Ocean decadal predictions OPEN Matthew B. Menary & Leon Hermanson Decadal climate prediction systems are tested against ocean reanalyses, but these reanalyses can yield differing perspectives of the ocean state. Here the authors show that in the North Atlantic, the perceived skill of a prediction system is fundamentally affected by these uncertainties. 27 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04043-9 Climate change  Climate sciences  Ocean sciences  Projection and prediction  Supramolecular latching system based on ultrastable synthetic binding pairs as versatile tools for protein imaging OPEN Kyung Lock Kim, Gihyun Sung, Jaehwan Sim, James Murray, Meng Li, Ara Lee, Annadka Shrinidhi, Kyeng Min Park & Kimoon Kim Although protein-ligand pairs are useful tools for bioimaging, they are susceptible to enzymatic degradation and interference from endogenous species. Here, the authors show that a synthetic and bioorthogonal cucurbit[7]uril-guest binding pair can be used to visualize proteins in cells, overcoming limitations of protein-based platforms. 27 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04161-4 Chemical tools  Imaging  Supramolecular chemistry  The cysteine-reactive small molecule ebselen facilitates effective SOD1 maturation OPEN Michael J. Capper, Gareth S. A. Wright, Letizia Barbieri, Enrico Luchinat, Eleonora Mercatelli, Luke McAlary, Justin J. Yerbury, Paul M. O’Neill, Svetlana V. Antonyuk, Lucia Banci & S. Samar Hasnain Mutations in superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1) cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Here the authors present the SOD1 crystal structure bound to the small cysteine-reactive molecule ebselen and show that ebselen is a chaperone for SOD1. 27 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04114-x Drug discovery  Molecular conformation  X-ray crystallography  An enrichment method based on synergistic and reversible covalent interactions for large-scale analysis of glycoproteins OPEN Haopeng Xiao, Weixuan Chen, Johanna M. Smeekens & Ronghu Wu Understanding the functions of protein glycosylation critically depends on methods to efficiently enrich glycoproteins from complex samples. Here, the authors develop a strategy using dendrimer-conjugated benzoboroxole to enhance glycopeptide enrichment, providing the basis for more comprehensive glycoprotein analyses. 27 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04081-3 Glycoproteins  Glycosylation  Protein enrichment  Proteomics  Non-contact identification and differentiation of illicit drugs using fluorescent films OPEN Ke Liu, Congdi Shang, Zhaolong Wang, Yanyu Qi, Rong Miao, Kaiqiang Liu, Taihong Liu & Yu Fang Sensitive and rapid identification of illicit drugs in a non-contact mode remains a challenge. Here, the authors report three film-based fluorescent sensors showing remarkable sensitivity, selectivity and response speed to six widely abused illicit drugs in vapor phase. 27 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04119-6 Fluorescent probes  Sensors  Sensors and biosensors  Recent strengthening of the stratospheric Arctic vortex response to warming in the central North Pacific OPEN Dingzhu Hu, Zhaoyong Guan, Wenshou Tian & Rongcai Ren The stratospheric Arctic vortex plays a critical role in forecasting cold winters in northern mid-latitudes. Here the authors show that the stratospheric Arctic vortex strengthened during 1998–2016, with ~25% of this strengthening contributed by warming in the central North Pacific. 27 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04138-3 Atmospheric dynamics  Projection and prediction  TAK1 activation of alpha-TAT1 and microtubule hyperacetylation control AKT signaling and cell growth OPEN Nirav Shah, Sanjay Kumar, Naveed Zaman, Christopher C. Pan, Jeffrey C. Bloodworth, Wei Lei, John M. Streicher, Nadine Hempel, Karthikeyan Mythreye & Nam Y. Lee Acetylation of microtubules (MT) confers mechanical stability necessary for numerous cellular functions but its regulation is unclear. Here the authors show that the MT acetyltransferase αTAT1 is regulated by TGF-β-activated kinase 1 implicating TGF-β signaling in MT-related functions and disease. 27 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04121-y Growth factor signalling  Microtubules  Post-translational modifications  Optically-controlled bacterial metabolite for cancer therapy OPEN Di-Wei Zheng, Ying Chen, Zi-Hao Li, Lu Xu, Chu-Xin Li, Bin Li, Jin-Xuan Fan, Si-Xue Cheng & Xian-Zheng Zhang Targeting tumors with bacteria as vehicles for metabolite therapy suffers from low efficiency and robustness. Here, the authors combine carbon nitride with nitric oxide generation enzyme-positive E. coli for photo-controlled metabolite therapy (PMT) and observe increased effects both in vitro and in tumor-bearing mice. 26 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03233-9 Biomedical materials  Microbiology techniques  Targeted therapies  Knowledge acquisition is governed by striatal prediction errors OPEN Alex Pine, Noa Sadeh, Aya Ben-Yakov, Yadin Dudai & Avi Mendelsohn Trial and error learning requires the brain to generate expectations and match them to outcomes, yet whether this occurs for semantic learning is unclear. Here, authors show that the brain encodes the degree to which new factual information violates expectations, which in turn determines whether information is encoded in long-term memory. 26 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03992-5 Cognitive neuroscience  Human behaviour  Learning and memory  Motivation  Reward  Dysregulation of mitochondrial dynamics proteins are a targetable feature of human tumors OPEN Grace R. Anderson, Suzanne E. Wardell, Merve Cakir, Catherine Yip, Yeong-ran Ahn, Moiez Ali, Alexander P. Yllanes, Christina A. Chao, Donald P. McDonnell & Kris C. Wood Mitochondrial dynamics regulate critical processes. Here the authors show that genes regulating mitochondrial dynamics are frequently amplified in human cancers, and that these alterations are associated with changes in drug sensitivity including increased sensitivity to the apoptosis-targeting Smac mimetics. 26 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04033-x Cancer genetics  Cancer metabolism  Cancer therapy  Mitochondria  Bcl11b is essential for licensing Th2 differentiation during helminth infection and allergic asthma OPEN Kyle J. Lorentsen, Jonathan J. Cho, Xiaoping Luo, Ashley N. Zuniga, Joseph F. Urban Jr., Liang Zhou, Raad Gharaibeh, Christian Jobin, Michael P. Kladde & Dorina Avram Th2 cells are critical in the resolution of helminth infection and allergy. Here the authors show that Bcl11b is required to license the Th2 program of helper T cell differentiation and restrict alternate lineage gene expression using in vivo models of helminth infection and asthma. 26 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04111-0 Epigenetics in immune cells  Transcriptional regulatory elements  Emerging two-dimensional ferromagnetism in silicene materials OPEN Andrey M. Tokmachev, Dmitry V. Averyanov, Oleg E. Parfenov, Alexander N. Taldenkov, Igor A. Karateev, Ivan S. Sokolov, Oleg A. Kondratev & Vyacheslav G. Storchak Exploring the magnetism in 2D materials paves the way to low-dimensional spintronics. Here the authors report evolution of bulk antiferromagnetism to intrinsic 2D in-plane ferromagnetism in layered structures of silicene functionalized by rare-earth atoms as they are scaled down to one monolayer. 26 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04012-2 Magnetic properties and materials  Materials for devices  Two-dimensional materials  RNA-guided transcriptional silencing in vivo with S. aureus CRISPR-Cas9 repressors OPEN Pratiksha I. Thakore, Jennifer B. Kwon, Christopher E. Nelson, Douglas C. Rouse, Matthew P. Gemberling, Matthew L. Oliver & Charles A. Gersbach Repression of gene transcription using CRISPR-Cas9 has been achieved in vitro but not for delivery into adult animal models. Here, the authors use AAV8 to deliver the transcriptional repressor dSaCas9KRAB to the cholesterol regulator Pcsk9, and show repression up to 24 weeks and reduced cholesterol levels in mice. 26 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04048-4 Dyslipidaemias  Gene silencing  Viral vectors  High frequency temperature variability reduces the risk of coral bleaching OPEN Aryan Safaie, Nyssa J. Silbiger, Timothy R. McClanahan, Geno Pawlak, Daniel J. Barshis, James L. Hench, Justin S. Rogers, Gareth J. Williams & Kristen A. Davis Coral bleaching is often predicted via remote sensing of ocean temperatures at large scales, obscuring important reef-scale drivers and biological responses. Here, the authors use in- situ data to show that bleaching is lower globally at reef habitats with greater diurnal temperature variability. 26 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04074-2 Climate-change ecology  Marine biology  Physical oceanography  Aerodynamic generation of electric fields in turbulence laden with charged inertial particles OPEN M. Di Renzo & J. Urzay How lightning occurs in dusty atmospheres remains largely unknown because of the complexity of the turbulent flows involved. Di Renzo and Urzay reveal a flow-driven mechanism of charge separation by simulating turbulence laden with hundreds of millions of electrically charged inertial particles. 26 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03958-7 Aerospace engineering  Fluid dynamics  Mathematics and computing  Mechanical engineering  Neuro-computational account of how mood fluctuations arise and affect decision making OPEN Fabien Vinckier, Lionel Rigoux, Delphine Oudiette & Mathias Pessiglione Fluctuations in mood are known to affect our decisions. Here the authors propose and validate a model of how mood fluctuations arise through a slow integration of positive and negative feedback and report the resulting key changes in brain activity that modulate our decision making. 26 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03774-z Computational neuroscience  Decision  Insula  Motivation  Prefrontal cortex  Experimental search for high-temperature ferroelectric perovskites guided by two-step machine learning OPEN Prasanna V. Balachandran, Benjamin Kowalski, Alp Sehirlioglu & Turab Lookman Experimental search for high-temperature ferroelectric perovskites is challenging due to the vast chemical space and lack of predictive guidelines. Here the authors demonstrate a two-step machine learning approach to sequentially guide experiments in search of promising perovskites with high ferroelectric Curie temperature. 26 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03821-9 Materials for energy and catalysis  Materials science  Theory and computation      Latest Author Corrections       Author Correction: A mechanistic framework for auxin dependent Arabidopsis root hair elongation to low external phosphate OPEN Rahul Bhosale , Jitender Giri, Bipin K. Pandey, Ricardo F. H. Giehl, Anja Hartmann, Richard Traini, Jekaterina Truskina, Nicola Leftley, Meredith Hanlon, Kamal Swarup, Afaf Rashed, Ute Voß, Jose Alonso, Anna Stepanova, Jeonga Yun, Karin Ljung, Kathleen M. Brown, Jonathan P. Lynch, Liam Dolan, Teva Vernoux et al. 02 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04281-x Abiotic  Auxin  Author Correction: Rice auxin influx carrier OsAUX1 facilitates root hair elongation in response to low external phosphate OPEN Jitender Giri , Rahul Bhosale, Guoqiang Huang, Bipin K. Pandey, Helen Parker, Susan Zappala, Jing Yang, Anne Dievart, Charlotte Bureau, Karin Ljung, Adam Price, Terry Rose, Antoine Larrieu, Stefan Mairhofer, Craig J. Sturrock, Philip White, Lionel Dupuy, Malcolm Hawkesford, Christophe Perin, Wanqi Liang et al. 01 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04280-y Abiotic  Auxin  Author Correction: Recurrent acquisition of cytosine methyltransferases into eukaryotic retrotransposons OPEN Alex de Mendoza, Amandine Bonnet, Dulce B. Vargas-Landin, Nanjing Ji, Hongfei Li, Feng Yang, Ling Li, Koichi Hori, Jahnvi Pflueger, Sam Buckberry, Hiroyuki Ohta, Nedeljka Rosic, Pascale Lesage, Senjie Lin & Ryan Lister 01 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04260-2 DNA methylation  Epigenomics  Molecular evolution  Transposition  Author Correction: Structural determinants and functional consequences of protein affinity for membrane rafts OPEN Joseph H. Lorent, Blanca Diaz-Rohrer, Xubo Lin, Kevin Spring, Alemayehu A. Gorfe, Kandice R. Levental & Ilya Levental 01 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04164-1 Membrane biophysics  Membrane proteins  Membrane structure and assembly  Membrane trafficking  Author Correction: Nitrogen-rich organic soils under warm well-drained conditions are global nitrous oxide emission hotspots OPEN Jaan Pärn , Jos T. A. Verhoeven, Klaus Butterbach-Bahl, Nancy B. Dise, Sami Ullah, Anto Aasa, Sergey Egorov, Mikk Espenberg, Järvi Järveoja, Jyrki Jauhiainen, Kuno Kasak, Leif Klemedtsson, Ain Kull, Fatima Laggoun-Défarge, Elena D. Lapshina, Annalea Lohila, Krista Lõhmus, Martin Maddison, William J. Mitsch, Christoph Müller et al. 26 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04197-6 Element cycles      Latest Publisher Corrections       Publisher Correction: Control of laser plasma accelerated electrons for light sources OPEN T. André , I. A. Andriyash, A. Loulergue, M. Labat, E. Roussel, A. Ghaith, M. Khojoyan, C. Thaury, M. Valléau, F. Briquez, F. Marteau, K. Tavakoli, P. N’Gotta, Y. Dietrich, G. Lambert, V. Malka, C. Benabderrahmane, J. Vétéran, L. Chapuis, T. El Ajjouri et al. 02 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04299-1 Free-electron lasers  Plasma-based accelerators  Publisher Correction: Chloroquine modulates antitumor immune response by resetting tumor-associated macrophages toward M1 phenotype OPEN Degao Chen, Jing Xie, Roland Fiskesund, Wenqian Dong, Xiaoyu Liang, Jiadi Lv, Xun Jin, Jinyan Liu, Siqi Mo, Tianzhen Zhang, Feiran Cheng, Yabo Zhou, Huafeng Zhang, Ke Tang, Jingwei Ma, Yuying Liu & Bo Huang 01 May 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04169-w Cancer immunotherapy  Monocytes and macrophages  Tumour immunology  Publisher Correction: Optimal compressed representation of high throughput sequence data via light assembly OPEN Antonio A. Ginart, Joseph Hui, Kaiyuan Zhu, Ibrahim Numanagić, Thomas A. Courtade, S. Cenk Sahinalp & David N. Tse 26 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03711-0 Computational biology and bioinformatics  Computer science      Advertisement nature.com webcasts Nature Research Custom presents a webcast on: Highly multiplexed transcriptome and protein immune profiling in single cells with CITE-seq Date: Wednesday, May 23, 2018 Peter Smibert, Ph.D. from New York Genome Center, will present an overview of CITE-seq and Cell Hashing and discuss methods compatible with 10x Genomics single cell platforms for enhanced cellular phenotyping and sample multiplexing. This webcast has been produced on behalf of the sponsor who retains sole responsibility for content  Register for FREE  Sponsored by: 10x Genomics    Advertisement Genome Variation in Precision Medicine 2018  The aim of this conference is to take advantage of the past decade of enormous progress in understanding the human genome and the flourishing discoveries in clinical genetics and genetic epidemiology in order to identify and match therapeutic strategies more accurately to the people and populations that are best suited to benefit from them. May 25-27, 2018 | Chengdu, China   Natureevents is a fully searchable, multi-disciplinary database designed to maximise exposure for events organisers. The contents of the Natureevents Directory are now live. The digital version is available here. Find the latest scientific conferences, courses, meetings and symposia on natureevents.com. For event advertising opportunities across the Nature Publishing Group portfolio please contact natureevents@nature.com  More Nature Events You have been sent this Table of Contents Alert because you have opted in to receive it. You can change or discontinue your e-mail alerts at any time, by modifying your preferences on your nature.com account at:www.nature.com/myaccount (You will need to log in to be recognised as a nature.com registrant) For further technical assistance, please contact our registration department For other enquiries, please contact our customer feedback department Springer Nature | One New York Plaza, Suite 4500 | New York | NY 10004-1562 | USA Springer Nature's worldwide offices: London - Paris - Munich - New Delhi - Tokyo - Melbourne San Diego - San Francisco - Washington - New York - Boston Macmillan Publishers Limited is a company incorporated in England and Wales under company number 785998 and whose registered office is located at Brunel Road, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. © 2018 Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited. All Rights Reserved.