Nature Communications - 04 April 2018

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Read more. 04 April 2018  Latest content: Articles Advertisement nature.com webcasts   Nature Research Custom presents a webcast on: Accelerating the Discovery of New Antimicrobial Compounds   Date: Thursday, April 26, 2018   This webcast has been produced on behalf of the sponsor who retains sole responsibility for content   Register for FREE    Sponsored by: Labcyte Journal homepage Recommend to library Web feed   Advertisement Nature Neuroscience: Poster on Cerebral Organoids Emerging three-dimensional culture methods enable differentiated human stem cells to form into brain organoids or assembloids, which can be used to study evolution, development, and disease.  Available to download free online  Produced with support from  STEMCELL Technologies      Latest Review View all Articles         Nature Communications JOBS of the week Postdoctoral Training Fellow The Francis Crick Institute Research Technician Skidmore College Chief Executive Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute Northern Ireland (AFBI) Postdoctoral Fellow Blood Research Institute of BloodCenter of Wisconsin Postdoctoral Research Assistant Queen Mary University of London Postdoctoral Associate Weill Cornell Medicine Post-Doc or Research Associate (University of Toronto) University of Toronto Max Planck Director The Max Planck Society and the Max Planck Institutes Professorships University of Vienna (Universitaet Wien) Postdoctoral Associate Duke University More Science jobs from Nature Communications EVENT 6th Annual International Conference on Health & Medical Sciences 07.05.18 Athens, Greece More science events from     Latest Articles View all Articles     Rescue of conformational dynamics in enzyme catalysis by directed evolution OPEN Renee Otten, Lin Liu, Lillian R. Kenner, Michael W. Clarkson, David Mavor, Dan S. Tawfik, Dorothee Kern & James S. Fraser A key challenge in the field of protein design and evolution is to understand the mechanisms by which directed evolution is improving enzymes. Here the authors combine different biophysical methods and give mechanistic insights into how directed evolution increases the catalytic efficiency of human peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase CypA. 03 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03562-9 Enzymes  Molecular biophysics  NMR spectroscopy  X-ray crystallography  Experimentally quantifying anion polarizability at the air/water interface OPEN Yujin Tong, Igor Ying Zhang & R. Kramer Campen Understanding anion-specific interactions with hydrophobic interfaces is challenging due to an absence of local structural probes. Here, the authors experimentally quantify the anisotropy of perchlorate’s polarizability at the air/water interface, a window into anion and solvation shell structure. 03 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03598-x Optical spectroscopy  Surface spectroscopy  Alcohol exposure disrupts mu opioid receptor-mediated long-term depression at insular cortex inputs to dorsolateral striatum OPEN Braulio Muñoz, Brandon M. Fritz, Fuqin Yin & Brady K. Atwood µ-opioid receptors (MOR) are known to modulate the reward effects of drugs of abuse, and MOR activation induces long-term depression (LTD) at striatal synapses. Here the authors show that alcohol exposure disrupts MOR-induced LTD only at specific cortical inputs to the striatum. 03 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03683-1 Cellular neuroscience  Long-term depression  Neural circuits  Neurotransmitters  Reward  Prokaryotic nanocompartments form synthetic organelles in a eukaryote OPEN Yu Heng Lau, Tobias W. Giessen, Wiggert J. Altenburg & Pamela A. Silver Compartmentalization of proteins can potentially increase the productivity of engineered metabolic pathways. Here the authors use encapsulins to build non-endogenous organelles in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 03 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03768-x Molecular engineering  Organelles  Proteins  Synthetic biology  Lipoprotein lipase regulates hematopoietic stem progenitor cell maintenance through DHA supply OPEN Chao Liu, Tianxu Han, David L. Stachura, Huawei Wang, Boris L. Vaisman, Jungsu Kim, Richard L. Klemke, Alan T. Remaley, Tariq M. Rana, David Traver & Yury I. Miller Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) hydrolyzes triglycerides to supply free fatty acids (FFAs) to muscle for energy and adipocytes for storage. Here, the authors demonstrate that Lpl and its product, the FFA docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are required for haematopoietic stem progenitor cell expansion during zebrafish embryogenesis. 03 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03775-y Haematopoiesis  Haematopoietic stem cells  Lipoproteins  Zebrafish  Multi-omics analysis reveals neoantigen-independent immune cell infiltration in copy-number driven cancers OPEN Daniel J. McGrail, Lorenzo Federico, Yongsheng Li, Hui Dai, Yiling Lu, Gordon B. Mills, Song Yi, Shiaw-Yih Lin & Nidhi Sahni Neoantigen load has been associated with tumour immune infiltration. Here, the authors show that while this is true for tumours with recurrent mutations, cancers with recurrent CNAs show neoantigen-independent infiltration driven by cytokine production downstream of the DNA damage sensor ATM. 03 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03730-x Protein function predictions  Regulatory networks  Systems analysis  Tumour biomarkers  Tumour immunology  Porous translucent electrodes enhance current generation from photosynthetic biofilms OPEN Tobias Wenzel, Daniel Härtter, Paolo Bombelli, Christopher J. Howe & Ullrich Steiner Some microorganisms are able to generate electrons that can be externally harvested. Here the authors show an increase by two orders of magnitude in the photocurrent when two cyanobacterial strains are grown on nanopourous transparent conducting substrates, compared to traditional solid substrates. 03 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03320-x Biochemistry  Energy harvesting  Metal-organic frameworks for precise inclusion of single-stranded DNA and transfection in immune cells OPEN Shuang Peng, Binglin Bie, Yangzesheng Sun, Min Liu, Hengjiang Cong, Wentao Zhou, Yucong Xia, Heng Tang, Hexiang Deng & Xiang Zhou Non-viral vectors are important for transfection but can be limited in the uptake, protection and release of ssDNA. Here, the authors report on the design of metal-organic-framework vectors with precisely controlled pore geometry and demonstrate the vector in the transfection of immune cells. 03 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03650-w Metal–organic frameworks  Targeted therapies  Transfection  Photonic zero mode in a non-Hermitian photonic lattice OPEN Mingsen Pan, Han Zhao, Pei Miao, Stefano Longhi & Liang Feng Zero-energy states such as Majorana fermions could improve quantum computation, but they are not stable under strong coupling conditions. Here, Pan et al. demonstrate a photonic implementation of a topologically protected, non-Hermitian-enhanced, thus stable, zero mode in a non-Hermitian lattice. 03 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03822-8 Optical physics  Silicon photonics  Giant optical nonlinearities from Rydberg excitons in semiconductor microcavities OPEN Valentin Walther, Robert Johne & Thomas Pohl Strong optical nonlinearities in polariton systems open up experiments on quantum-correlated states of light. Here, Walther et al. study Rydberg excitons inside a cavity and show how enhanced nonlinearities could be achieved in such systems. 03 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03742-7 Nonlinear optics  Polaritons  Experimental determination of the energy difference between competing isomers of deposited, size-selected gold nanoclusters OPEN D. M. Foster, R. Ferrando & R. E. Palmer The equilibrium structures and dynamics of a nanoscale system are regulated by a complex potential energy surface (PES), a key target of theoretical calculations but experimentally elusive. Here, the authors report the measurement of a key PES parameter for size-selected Au nanoclusters soft-landed on amorphous silicon nitride supports. 03 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03794-9 Heterogeneous catalysis  Imaging techniques  Nanoparticles  Structure prediction  A lever-like transduction pathway for long-distance chemical- and mechano-gating of the mechanosensitive Piezo1 channel OPEN Yanfeng Wang, Shaopeng Chi, Huifang Guo, Guang Li, Li Wang, Qiancheng Zhao, Yu Rao, Liansuo Zu, Wei He & Bailong Xiao Piezo1 is a large trimeric ion channel activated by mechanical stimulus. Here the authors identify chemical activators of Piezo1 that utilize a lever-like mechanotransduction pathway for long-range allosteric gating. 03 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03570-9 Ion channels in the nervous system  Permeation and transport  Spatial fidelity of workers predicts collective response to disturbance in a social insect OPEN James D. Crall, Nick Gravish, Andrew M. Mountcastle, Sarah D. Kocher, Robert L. Oppenheimer, Naomi E. Pierce & Stacey A. Combes How do social insect colonies regulate tasks after the developmental stage and in response to changing environments? Here, Crall et al. use automated individual tracking to reveal that task switching after a major colony disturbance helps to maintain collective foraging performance in bumble bees. 03 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03561-w Behavioural ecology  Entomology  Social behaviour  Social evolution  Water-promoted C-S bond formation reactions OPEN Peizhong Xie, Jinyu Wang, Yanan Liu, Jing Fan, Xiangyang Wo, Weishan Fu, Zuolian Sun & Teck-Peng Loh Despite the biological importance of sulfones, available synthetic methods usually involve toxic metals and reagents or harsh conditions. Here, the authors report an environmentally benign procedure for the metal-free carbon-sulfur bond formation of allylic sulfones in neutral aqueous medium at room temperature. 03 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03698-8 Environmental impact  Synthetic chemistry methodology  Natural product synthesis  Reaction mechanisms  Sustainability  Designer exosomes produced by implanted cells intracerebrally deliver therapeutic cargo for Parkinson’s disease treatment OPEN Ryosuke Kojima, Daniel Bojar, Giorgio Rizzi, Ghislaine Charpin-El Hamri, Marie Daoud El-Baba, Pratik Saxena, Simon Ausländer, Kelly R. Tan & Martin Fussenegger Exosomes function as intercellular information transmitters and are candidates for delivery of therapeutic agents. Here the authors present EXOtic, a synthetic biology device for in-situ production of designer exosomes and demonstrate in vivo application in models of Parkinson's disease. 03 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03733-8 Molecular medicine  Neurological disorders  Synthetic biology  Rolling up transition metal dichalcogenide nanoscrolls via one drop of ethanol OPEN Xueping Cui, Zhizhi Kong, Enlai Gao, Dazhen Huang, Yang Hao, Hongguang Shen, Chong-an Di, Zhiping Xu, Jian Zheng & Daoben Zhu Nanoscrolls (NSs) have interesting properties due to papyrus-like rolled-up geometry but their synthesis is difficult. Here Cui et al. show that vapor deposited monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide flakes form patternable arrays of NSs with the assistance of one droplet of ethanol solution. 03 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03752-5 Electronic devices  Two-dimensional materials  Towards an arthritis flare-responsive drug delivery system OPEN Nitin Joshi, Jing Yan, Seth Levy, Sachin Bhagchandani, Kai V. Slaughter, Nicholas E. Sherman, Julian Amirault, Yufeng Wang, Logan Riegel, Xueyin He, Tan Shi Rui, Michael Valic, Praveen K. Vemula, Oscar R. Miranda, Oren Levy, Ellen M. Gravallese, Antonios O. Aliprantis, Joerg Ermann & Jeffrey M. Karp The treatment of inflammatory arthritis by local delivery of therapeutics is limited by short half-lives of drugs. Here the authors demonstrate a hydrogel platform that titrates drug release to arthritis activity. 03 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03691-1 Biomedical engineering  Drug delivery  Rheumatoid arthritis  Ultrathin bismuth nanosheets from in situ topotactic transformation for selective electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to formate OPEN Na Han, Yu Wang, Hui Yang, Jun Deng, Jinghua Wu, Yafei Li & Yanguang Li The electroreduction of carbon dioxide to liquid products provides an appealing method to convert atmospheric carbon into valuable fuels. Here, the authors perform a topotactic transformation of bismuth oxyiodide to bismuth nanosheets that act as highly selective CO2-to-formate electrocatalysts. 03 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03712-z Electrocatalysis  Two-dimensional materials  The beta secretase BACE1 regulates the expression of insulin receptor in the liver OPEN Paul J. Meakin, Anna Mezzapesa, Eva Benabou, Mary E. Haas, Bernadette Bonardo, Michel Grino, Jean-Michel Brunel, Christèle Desbois-Mouthon, Sudha B. Biddinger, Roland Govers, Michael L. J. Ashford & Franck Peiretti A soluble form of insulin receptor in human plasma has been previously reported. Here the authors demonstrate that insulin receptor is cleaved by BACE1 that can regulate biological active insulin receptor levels in a glucose concentration-dependent manner, both in physiological and diabetic conditions. 03 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03755-2 Hepatocellular carcinoma  Insulin signalling  Proteases  Type 2 diabetes  Chiral induction in covalent organic frameworks OPEN Xing Han, Jie Zhang, Jinjing Huang, Xiaowei Wu, Daqiang Yuan, Yan Liu & Yong Cui Controlling chirality and function in metal organic frameworks has been an achievement, but very difficult to carry out in covalent organic frameworks. Here the authors show chiral covalent organic frameworks that are crystallized from achiral precursors by chiral catalytic induction. 03 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03689-9 Conjugated polymers  Crystal engineering  Polymer synthesis  Gon4l regulates notochord boundary formation and cell polarity underlying axis extension by repressing adhesion genes OPEN Margot L. K. Williams, Atsushi Sawada, Terin Budine, Chunyue Yin, Paul Gontarz & Lilianna Solnica-Krezel Anteroposterior axis extension during gastrulation is dynamically coordinated, but how this is regulated at a molecular level is unclear. Here, the authors show in zebrafish that the chromatin factor Gon4l, encoded by ugly duckling, coordinates axis extension by modulating EpCAM and Integrinα3b expression. 03 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03715-w Body patterning  Cell polarity  Epigenetics  Gastrulation  Conformational switching within dynamic oligomers underpins toxic gain-of-function by diabetes-associated amyloid OPEN Melissa Birol, Sunil Kumar, Elizabeth Rhoades & Andrew D. Miranker Toxic gain-of-function by islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) is thought to be mediated by membrane poration. Here the authors develop diluted-FRET to show that changes in pore structure correlate with onset of toxicity inside insulin secreting cells. 03 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03651-9 Intrinsically disordered proteins  Protein aggregation  Pharmacologically induced amnesia for learned fear is time and sleep dependent OPEN Merel Kindt & Marieke Soeter Emotional memory can change when retrieved, yet the conditions under which this can occur are not fully described. Here, authors show that taking a pill of propranolol taken during a specific time window can change the expression of fear memory in a person, and that sleep is necessary to forget learned fear. 03 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03659-1 Fear conditioning  Forgetting  Human behaviour  Velocity correlated crack front and surface marks in single crystalline silicon OPEN Lv Zhao, Didier Bardel, Anne Maynadier & Daniel Nelias Single crystal silicon cracking, a problem in solar cell operation, remains difficult to accurately predict. Here, the authors show that a silicon single crystal surprisingly cleaves without crack deviation, and that the crack front is accompanied by special marks due to local velocity changes. 03 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03642-w Mechanical properties  Semiconductors  Tuning defects in oxides at room temperature by lithium reduction OPEN Gang Ou, Yushuai Xu, Bo Wen, Rui Lin, Binghui Ge, Yan Tang, Yuwei Liang, Cheng Yang, Kai Huang, Di Zu, Rong Yu, Wenxing Chen, Jun Li, Hui Wu, Li-Min Liu & Yadong Li Defective oxides are attractive for energy conversion and storage applications, but it remains challenging to implant defects in oxides under mild conditions. Here, the authors develop a versatile lithium reduction strategy to engineer the defects of oxides at room temperature leading to enhanced photocatalytic properties. 03 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03765-0 Heterogeneous catalysis  Photocatalysis  Land-use change interacts with climate to determine elevational species redistribution OPEN Fengyi Guo, Jonathan Lenoir & Timothy C. Bonebrake Habitat change and warming each contribute to species' elevational range shifts, but their synergistic effects have not been explored. Here, Guo et al. reanalyze published data and show that the interaction between warming and forest change predicts range shifts better than either factor on its own. 03 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03786-9 Biogeography  Climate-change ecology  Conservation biology  Impact of evolving greenhouse gas forcing on the warming signal in regional climate model experiments OPEN S. Jerez, J. M. López-Romero, M. Turco, P. Jiménez-Guerrero, R. Vautard & J. P. Montávez The inclusion of greenhouse gas forcing in regional climate model experiments is a non-regulated, non-documented practice. Here, the authors demonstrate the significant of the impact of this lack of regulation on simulated regional warming trends, which can double climate change signals under 1.5 °C global warming. 03 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03527-y Climate and Earth system modelling  Climate-change impacts  Heterogeneity in VEGFR3 levels drives lymphatic vessel hyperplasia through cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous mechanisms OPEN Yan Zhang, Maria H. Ulvmar, Lukas Stanczuk, Ines Martinez-Corral, Maike Frye, Kari Alitalo & Taija Mäkinen VEGF-C is a key regulator of lymphatic development. Here, Zhang et al. show that while complete loss of its receptor VEGFR3 results in vessel hypoplasia, mosaic loss of VEGFR3 leads to hyperplasia through induction of cell proliferation in neighboringnon-targeted cells, uncovering cell- and non-cell-autonomous roles for VEGFR3 during lymphatic vessel growth. 03 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03692-0 Cell proliferation  Growth factor signalling  Lymphangiogenesis  Instability of expanding bacterial droplets OPEN Andrey Sokolov, Leonardo Dominguez Rubio, John F. Brady & Igor S. Aranson Sokolov et al. have previously shown how bacteria are expelled in response to a rotating microparticle. Here the authors find that when the microparticle is spun at much higher rotation rates bacteria are trapped around it and then are expelled radially upon rotation cessation in an explosion-like manner. 03 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03758-z Applied mathematics  Fluid dynamics  Motility  Small molecules promote CRISPR-Cpf1-mediated genome editing in human pluripotent stem cells OPEN Xiaojie Ma, Xi Chen, Yan Jin, Wenyan Ge, Weiyun Wang, Linghao Kong, Junfang Ji, Xing Guo, Jun Huang, Xin-Hua Feng, Junfen Fu & Saiyong Zhu Precise genome editing in human pluripotent stem cells requires the development of methods for rapid and efficient genetic manipulation. Here, the authors screen for small molecules that enhance CRISPR-Cpf1-mediated genome engineering. 03 April 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03760-5 CRISPR-Cas systems  Pluripotent stem cells  Screening  Small molecules  Biosynthesis of fragin is controlled by a novel quorum sensing signal OPEN Christian Jenul, Simon Sieber, Christophe Daeppen, Anugraha Mathew, Martina Lardi, Gabriella Pessi, Dominic Hoepfner, Markus Neuburger, Anthony Linden, Karl Gademann & Leo Eberl Fragin is a diazeniumdiolate metabolite with antifungal activity, produced by some bacteria. Here, Jenul et al. show that metal chelation is the molecular basis of fragin’s antifungal activity, and that a gene cluster directing fragin biosynthesis is also involved in the synthesis of a signal molecule. 30 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03690-2 Antifungal agents  Bacterial genes  Natural product synthesis  Biomimetic temporal self-assembly via fuel-driven controlled supramolecular polymerization OPEN Ananya Mishra, Divya B. Korlepara, Mohit Kumar, Ankit Jain, Narendra Jonnalagadda, Karteek K. Bejagam, Sundaram Balasubramanian & Subi J. George Modulating the structural and transient characteristics of synthetic nanostructures can be achieved by temporal control of supramolecular assemblies. Here the authors show a biomimetic, ATP-selective and fuel-driven controlled supramolecular polymerization of a phosphate receptor functionalised monomer. 30 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03542-z Polymerization mechanisms  Supramolecular polymers  RodZ modulates geometric localization of the bacterial actin MreB to regulate cell shape OPEN Alexandre Colavin, Handuo Shi & Kerwyn Casey Huang Membrane protein RodZ interacts with the actin-like protein MreB, which coordinates cell-wall insertion to maintain the typical rod-like shape of E. coli cells. Here, the authors provide evidence that RodZ modulates the biophysical properties of MreB and alters the spatial organization of cell-wall growth. 29 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03633-x Bacteriology  Cellular microbiology  Computational biophysics  Molecular conformation  The world’s largest High Arctic lake responds rapidly to climate warming OPEN Igor Lehnherr, Vincent L. St. Louis, Martin Sharp, Alex S. Gardner, John P. Smol, Sherry L. Schiff, Derek C. G. Muir, Colleen A. Mortimer, Neil Michelutti, Charles Tarnocai, Kyra A. St. Pierre, Craig A. Emmerton, Johan A. Wiklund, Günter Köck, Scott F. Lamoureux & Charles H. Talbot Arctic ecosystems are at threat due to the rapid nature of climate change and Arctic amplification. Here, the authors show that the watershed of Lake Hazen, the Arctic’s largest lake by volume, has undergone dramatic changes in response to as little as a ~1°C increase in summer air temperatures. 29 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03685-z Biogeochemistry  Climate-change ecology  Cryospheric science  Environmental health  Limnology  Scalable synthesis enabling multilevel bio-evaluations of natural products for discovery of lead compounds OPEN Lizhi Zhu, Wenjing Ma, Mengxun Zhang, Magnolia Muk-Lan Lee, Wing-Yan Wong, Brandon Dow Chan, Qianqian Yang, Wing-Tak Wong, William Chi-Shing Tai & Chi-Sing Lee Isodon diterpenoids, promising anti-cancer agents found in certain tropical plants, are difficult to obtain. Here, the authors developed a synthetic strategy to synthesise several different members of this group, including neolaxiflorin L which emerged from this study as a promising drug candidate. 29 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03546-9 Drug discovery and development  Natural product synthesis  Chronic nicotinamide riboside supplementation is well-tolerated and elevates NAD+ in healthy middle-aged and older adults OPEN Christopher R. Martens, Blair A. Denman, Melissa R. Mazzo, Michael L. Armstrong, Nichole Reisdorph, Matthew B. McQueen, Michel Chonchol & Douglas R. Seals Declining NAD+ levels have been linked to aging-associated pathologies. Here the authors present results of a double-blind, randomized crossover trial on 30 healthy middle-aged individuals to show that nicotinamide riboside effectively elevates NAD+ levels in humans, appears to be well tolerated, and may have potential to improve cardiovascular parameters. 29 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03421-7 Ageing  Randomized controlled trials  Translational research  Helraiser intermediates provide insight into the mechanism of eukaryotic replicative transposition OPEN Ivana Grabundzija, Alison B. Hickman & Fred Dyda Helitrons are eukaryotic DNA transposons that have profoundly affected genome variation due to their ability to capture and mobilize host genomic fragments. Here the authors provide insight into the mechanism of action of these transposons both in cells and in vitro. 29 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03688-w Biochemistry  Cell biology  Molecular biology  Valence and spin states of iron are invisible in Earth’s lower mantle OPEN Jiachao Liu, Susannah M. Dorfman, Feng Zhu, Jie Li, Yonggang Wang, Dongzhou Zhang, Yuming Xiao, Wenli Bi & E. Ercan Alp Bridgmanite is the most abundant mineral in the lower mantle and therefore is crucial to interpreting geophysical observations and models. Here, the authors show that ferric-iron-only bridgmanite Fe3+ undergoes a spin transition at 43–53 GPa at 300 K and therefore has implications for mantle structure and dynamics. 29 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03671-5 Geophysics  Mineralogy  High-speed and on-chip graphene blackbody emitters for optical communications by remote heat transfer OPEN Yusuke Miyoshi, Yusuke Fukazawa, Yuya Amasaka, Robin Reckmann, Tomoya Yokoi, Kazuki Ishida, Kenji Kawahara, Hiroki Ago & Hideyuki Maki Integrating graphene with existing silicon technologies may pave the way to compact light sources for optoelectronics and photonics. Here, the authors fabricate graphene-based arrays of blackbody emitters integrated on a silicon chip, operating in the near-infrared region at high speed. 29 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03695-x Lasers, LEDs and light sources  Nanoscale devices  Optical properties and devices  Photonic devices  Information-to-work conversion by Maxwell’s demon in a superconducting circuit quantum electrodynamical system OPEN Y. Masuyama, K. Funo, Y. Murashita, A. Noguchi, S. Kono, Y. Tabuchi, R. Yamazaki, M. Ueda & Y. Nakamura Maxwell’s demon is a hypothetical character that uses information about a system to reduce its entropy, highlighting the link between information and thermodynamic entropies. Here the authors experimentally realise a Maxwell's demon controlling a quantum system and explore how it affects thermodynamic laws. 29 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03686-y Quantum information  Superconducting devices  Thermodynamics  A high-brightness large-diameter graphene coated point cathode field emission electron source OPEN Xiuyuan Shao, Avinash Srinivasan, Wei Kean Ang & Anjam Khursheed Traditional cold field emission electron sources rely on single crystal tungsten sharpened wires. Here, the authors use graphene-coated nickel point cathodes to devise alternative cold field emission electron sources for electron microscopy and lithography applications. 29 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03721-y Electrical and electronic engineering  Electronic properties and devices  Scanning electron microscopy  RING tetramerization is required for nuclear body biogenesis and PML sumoylation OPEN Pengran Wang, Shirine Benhenda, Haiyan Wu, Valérie Lallemand-Breitenbach, Tao Zhen, Florence Jollivet, Laurent Peres, Yuwen Li, Sai-Juan Chen, Zhu Chen, Hugues de Thé & Guoyu Meng Promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) is a scaffolding protein that organizes PML nuclear bodies. Here the authors present the tetrameric crystal structure of the PML RING domain and show that RING tetramerization is functionally important for nuclear body formation and PML sumoylation. 29 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03498-0 Acute myeloid leukaemia  Sumoylation  Two-component anomalous Hall effect in a magnetically doped topological insulator OPEN Nan Liu, Jing Teng & Yongqing Li The anomalous Hall (AH) effect in magnetically doped topological insulator has been elusive. Here, Liu et al. observe that the AH resistance changes sign in the Mn doped Bi2Se3 thin films, where bulk (surface) states contribute to positive (negative) AH components dominantly. 29 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03684-0 Magnetic properties and materials  Surfaces, interfaces and thin films  Topological matter  Zeb1-Hdac2-eNOS circuitry identifies early cardiovascular precursors in naive mouse embryonic stem cells OPEN Chiara Cencioni , Francesco Spallotta, Matteo Savoia, Carsten Kuenne, Stefan Guenther, Agnese Re, Susanne Wingert, Maike Rehage, Duran Sürün, Mauro Siragusa, Jacob G. Smith, Frank Schnütgen, Harald von Melchner, Michael A. Rieger, Fabio Martelli, Antonella Riccio, Ingrid Fleming, Thomas Braun, Andreas M. Zeiher, Antonella Farsetti et al. The production of nitric oxide (NO) is required for early stage embryo implantation into the uterus. Here the authors show that during differentiation of naive mouse ESCs, early production of endogenous NO leads to a mesendoderm differentiation commitment pathway by inhibiting the action of the transcriptional repressor Zeb1. 29 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03668-0 Embryonic stem cells  Epigenetics  Stem-cell differentiation  Genome-wide identification of natural RNA aptamers in prokaryotes and eukaryotes OPEN Sidika Tapsin, Miao Sun, Yang Shen, Huibin Zhang, Xin Ni Lim, Teodorus Theo Susanto, Siwy Ling Yang, Gui Sheng Zeng, Jasmine Lee, Alexander Lezhava, Ee Lui Ang, Lian Hui Zhang, Yue Wang, Huimin Zhao, Niranjan Nagarajan & Yue Wan Riboswitches recognize and respond to specific metabolites by altering gene expression. Here, the authors developed a high-throughput method (PARCEL) to experimentally identify RNA aptamers across transcriptomes. 29 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03675-1 Next-generation sequencing  RNA  USP52 acts as a deubiquitinase and promotes histone chaperone ASF1A stabilization OPEN Shangda Yang, Ling Liu, Cheng Cao, Nan Song, Yuejiao Wang, Shuai Ma, Qi Zhang, Na Yu, Xiang Ding, Fuquan Yang, Shanshan Tian, Kai Zhang, Tao Sun, Jie Yang, Zhi Yao, Shaoyuan Wu & Lei Shi Histone chaperone ASF1A is often dysregulated in cancers, however the regulation of its abundance is unclear. Here, the authors show that USP52 promotes ASF1A stability through deubiquitination while impairment of this stability reduces breast tumorigenesis and confers sensitivity to DNA damage. 29 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03588-z Breast cancer  Ubiquitylation  Ocean convection linked to the recent ice edge retreat along east Greenland OPEN Kjetil Våge, Lukas Papritz, Lisbeth Håvik, Michael A. Spall & G. W. K. Moore Warm Atlantic water circulates cyclonically around the Nordic Seas while gradually cooling. Here, the authors show that the retreat of the ice edge toward Greenland has led to further transformation of this water mass, which is no longer situated underneath sea ice when transiting the western Iceland Sea in winter. 29 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03468-6 Atmospheric dynamics  Cryospheric science  Physical oceanography  Chemical tunnel-splitting-engineering in a dysprosium-based molecular nanomagnet OPEN Suppression of quantum tunneling in molecular magnets is key for their magnetic behaviours to be exploitable. Here, the authors show that tuning the geometry of lanthanide single-ion magnets leads to a suppression of the quantum tunneling, finding a three-fold reduction of the tunnel splitting upon changing the crystal field symmetry. 29 March 2018 | doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03706-x Coordination chemistry  Inorganic chemistry  Magnetic materials      Advertisement Adolescence Collection Exploring the science of adolescence and its far-reaching implications for societal challenges  Access the Collection online    Natureevents is a fully searchable, multi-disciplinary database designed to maximise exposure for events organisers. The contents of the Natureevents Directory are now live. The digital version is available here. Find the latest scientific conferences, courses, meetings and symposia on natureevents.com. 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