Science X Newsletter Monday, Mar 26

Dear Reader ,

Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for March 26, 2018:

Spotlight Stories Headlines

Metalens achieves near-unity numerical aperture

Team brings subatomic resolution to 'computational microscope'

Spiders and scorpions have co-opted leg genes to build their heads

Astronomers discover a giant planet orbiting a brown dwarf

Best of Last Week – Pacific dump far larger than thought, Texas sinking and benefits in old age of eating fewer calories

Design principles could point to better electrolytes for next-generation lithium batteries

Atomically thin light-emitting device opens the possibility for 'invisible' displays

Kepler solves mystery of fast and furious explosions

The LSEV: 3-D printing for automobiles on a bolder scale

New paths to cure cancer emerge from immunotherapy trials

First direct Australia-Europe passenger service takes off

Five water XPRIZE finalists named in search for solution breakthroughs

New research shows fertilization drives global lake emissions of greenhouse gases

Breakthrough in battle against rice blast

Let them eat xylose: Yeast engineered to grow efficiently on novel nutrients

Astronomy & Space news

	Astronomers discover a giant planet orbiting a brown dwarf Using microlensing technique, astronomers have found a new giant planet orbiting a brown dwarf located in the bulge of the Milky Way galaxy. The newly discovered exoplanet, designated OGLE-2017-BLG-1522Lb, is most likely 25 percent less massive than Jupiter. The finding is reported March 14 in a paper published on arXiv.org.
	Kepler solves mystery of fast and furious explosions The universe is full of mysterious exploding phenomena that go boom in the dark. One particular type of ephemeral event, called a Fast-Evolving Luminous Transient (FELT), has bewildered astronomers for a decade because of its very brief duration.
	Ionized molecules trace galactic outflows There is a process at work in most galaxies that affects both the central black hole mass as well as the galaxy's global velocity structure and luminosity. Astronomers suspect that feedback of some kind is involved, and one popular mechanism is outflowing gas. The outflow would deplete a galaxy of the raw material needed both for making new stars and for enhancing the black hole's mass.
	Space pioneer Yury Gagarin killed in plane crash 50 years ago The first man in space, Russian Yury Gagarin, was killed in a mysterious plane crash a half-century ago, just seven years after his historic feat, a Soviet-era propaganda coup.
	Image: Star-forming filaments The plane of the Milky Way is rich in star-forming regions, such as the one pictured in this stunning scene by ESA's Herschel space observatory. To the far-infrared eye of Herschel, this region reveals an intricate network of gas filaments and dark bubbles interspersed by bright hotspots where new stars come to life.
Earth's magnetosphere Enveloping our planet and protecting us from the fury of the Sun is a giant bubble of magnetism called the magnetosphere. It deflects most of the solar material sweeping towards us from our star at 1 million miles per hour or more. Without the magnetosphere, the relentless action of these solar particles could strip the Earth of its protective layers, which shield us from the Sun's ultraviolet radiation. It's clear that this magnetic bubble was key to helping Earth develop into a habitable planet.
	Simulating G-force to test plant gravity perception in mustard seedlings When plants on Earth search for nutrients and water, what drives their direction? Very simply, gravitational force helps them find the easiest path to the substances they need to grow and thrive. What happens if gravity is no longer part of the equation?
	Image: Hubble's exquisite view of a stellar nursery The exquisite sharpness of this 2005 image from NASA/ESA's Hubble Space Telescope has plucked out an underlying population of infant stars embedded in the nebula NGC 346 that are still forming from gravitationally collapsing gas clouds.
	Elon Musk's vision to colonize Mars updated in New Space In "Making Life Multi-Planetary" Elon Musk, CEO and Lead Designer at SpaceX, presents the updated design for the Big Falcon Rocket (BFR), the powerful rocket intended to propel a newly modified space vehicle to the International Space Station and beyond to fulfill his vision for establishing a human presence on Mars. The article, a summary of Mr. Musk's presentation at the 68th International Astronautical Congress, is published in New Space, a peer-reviewed journal from Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers. The article is available free on the New Space website.

Technology news

	Design principles could point to better electrolytes for next-generation lithium batteries A new approach to analyzing and designing new ion conductors—a key component of rechargeable batteries—could accelerate the development of high-energy lithium batteries, and possibly other energy storage and delivery devices such as fuel cells, researchers say.
	The LSEV: 3-D printing for automobiles on a bolder scale Are you ready for a future car-buying option of picking out a 3-D printed, cozy, inexpensive automobile? The day is not far, considering the recent announcement by an Italy-based company along with a company based in China.
	First direct Australia-Europe passenger service takes off The "Kangaroo Route" from Australia to Britain became a shorter hop Saturday when the first direct passenger service left Perth for London, with the 17-hour flight set to break aviation records.
	Five water XPRIZE finalists named in search for solution breakthroughs Teams who are coming up with proposed solutions to a global water crisis have moved up to the next stage of the $1.75 million Water Abundance XPRIZE, and the grand prize winner will be made known on August 18.
	Facebook faces scrutiny for pulling Android call, text data On the same day Facebook bought ads in U.S. and British newspapers to apologize for the Cambridge Analytica scandal, the social media site faced new questions about collecting phone numbers and text messages from Android devices.
	Cortana Show Me focuses on help with settings Cortana had her day in the spotlight this month with the announcement of a new Windows 10 preview with Cortana Show Me. This is not the final build, however, but people are talking about the Cortana preview anyway as a good sign of things to come.
	Facebook faces 'Oppenheimer moment' over Trump scandal Facebook and psychologists who have worked with it are grappling with their "Oppenheimer moment", experts say, over revelations that its data may have been used to help elect US President Donald Trump.
	Facebook crisis prompts Silicon Valley soul-searching With Facebook mired in its worst-ever crisis, the rest of Silicon Valley is looking to come to terms with the dark side of its data-driven business model where tech titans have mined fortunes from what people reveal online.
	Ride-hailing apps run Indonesian tuk-tuks off road Auto-rickshaw driver Zainuddin used to make decent money navigating Jakarta's congested roads and narrow alleyways.
	Facebook apologises for data scandal in UK newspaper ads Facebook chief Mark Zuckerberg took out full-page ads in almost all of Britain's national newspapers Sunday to apologise for a huge data privacy scandal.
	UK watchdog evaluates evidence from Cambridge Analytica Britain's information regulator said Saturday it was assessing evidence gathered from a raid on the office of data mining firm Cambridge Analytica, part of an investigation into alleged misuse of personal information by political campaigns and social media companies like Facebook.
	In Ivory Coast, 'drone academy' offers youth the chance to soar "Drones have become my passion," says Noursely Doumbia, who holds a degree in electronics and is currently learning to pilot drones as part of a pioneering programme in Ivory Coast's economic capital Abidjan.
CEO says Waymo dedicated to safe self-driving technology The leader of Google's self-driving car spinoff Waymo says he is confident in the company's technology and its capability to interact with pedestrians.
	Toshiba awaits regulator approval for key chip unit sale Embattled Japanese conglomerate Toshiba said Monday it was still waiting for regulators to approve the key sale of its chip unit, a delay that could stymie plans to complete the deal this month.
	Waymo chief says his tech would have averted fatal Uber crash The CEO of Waymo, the Google subsidiary tasked with developing driverless cars, has said the recent death of a pedestrian in an accident involving an autonomous car would not have occurred with his company's technology.
	Uber exits SE Asia in new retreat from global markets Uber sold its Southeast Asian business to rival Grab on Monday, ending a bruising battle between the ride-hailing behemoths and marking the US firm's latest retreat from international markets.
	Remington bankruptcy shows depth of US gun slump (Update) The US gunmaker Remington filed for bankruptcy protection on Sunday, a day after marchers swarmed US cities nationwide to call for greater regulation of firearms.
	Algorithm successfully simulates color perception for #theDress image A novel algorithm to simulate the color appearance of objects under chromatic illuminants has been proposed by Ichiro Kuriki of Tohoku University. The figure shows the result of applying this algorithm to #theDress image.
	Robot-mounted vacuum grippers flex their artificial muscles A short electric pulse is all it takes to generate and release a powerful vacuum in the blink of an eye. The novel vacuum gripper developed by the research team led by Professor Stefan Seelecke at Saarland University enables robot arms to pick up objects and move them around freely in space. The system works without the need for compressed air to generate the vacuum, it is energy efficient, quiet and suitable for use in clean rooms. The specialists for intelligent materials systems make use of artificial muscles, which are bundles of ultrafine shape memory wires that are able to tense and relax just as real muscle fibres do. The wires also function as sensors and can sense, for example, when the gripper needs to readjust or tighten its grip.
	Watch it, Facebook: new EU data rules may have broad impact Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg is promising to do a better job protecting user data following reports that a political consultant misused the personal information of millions of the company's subscribers. The fact is, European regulators are already forcing him to do so.
	On chaotic SE Asian roads, local hero Grab zips past Uber Uber may be the world's biggest ride-hailing company but it was left in the dust in Southeast Asia by homegrown upstart Grab, which knew better how to navigate the chaotic highways and byways of an eclectic region.
	A smart car that can read brain signals EPFL and Nissan researchers are able to read a driver's brain signals and send them to a smart vehicle so that it can anticipate the driver's moves and facilitate the driving process. Nissan recently unveiled this brain-to-vehicle (B2V) technology.
	Taiwan's HTC to get Google boost as it posts biggest loss Taiwan's struggling smartphone maker HTC posted its worst-ever quarterly loss on Monday, but said it expects a boost from the $1.1 billion deal with Google sealed earlier this year.
	Spin-off from astronomy—measuring water pollution with your mobile Leiden astronomers and ecologists are developing an instrument that lets people measure the quality of surface water with a smartphone.This international citizen science project, MONOCLE, is a collaboration between scientists and local people in Tanzania, Brazil and four European countries.
	Worried about your Facebook data? Last weekend, the New York Times revealed that data analytics firm Cambridge Analytica misused data from as many as 50 million Facebook profiles to aid messaging tied to the Trump campaign in the 2016 presidential election.
	Students create 3-D printed robot prosthetic limb for amputees Students at The University of Manchester have designed and built a 3-D printed, low-cost robotic prosthetic hand that could provide a much cheaper alternative for amputees.
	UAE says its first nuclear reactor complete The United Arab Emirates said Monday that one of four nuclear reactors at its debut plant has been completed as it moves closer to becoming the first Arab nation to produce atomic power.
	Spain arrests Ukrainian cyber criminal 'mastermind' (Update) Spain and Europol on Monday announced the arrest of a Ukrainian man dubbed the mastermind of a gang behind hundreds of cyberattacks that have netted around a billion euros from banks.
	FTC, states increase pressure on Facebook on privacy (Update) U.S. regulators and state attorneys general are increasing pressure on Facebook as they probe whether the company's data-collection practices have hurt the people who use its services.
	Facebook shares in fresh slide amid US consumer agency probe A US consumer protection agency said Monday it has opened an investigation into Facebook's privacy practices, in another blow to the social network struggling to deal with a growing crisis on misuse of its member data.
	Germany vows 'stricter' Facebook oversight after data leak Germany's justice minister on Monday said Facebook should face "stricter" oversight and be more transparent with its users, as the tech giant struggles to contain the fallout from a huge data privacy scandal.
	Spotify warns of slower sales growth as New York listing nears Spotify, the world's leading music streaming site, said Monday that its sales growth was likely to slow this year, but that it still expected to post a narrower annual loss.
	Is Zuckerberg willing to act boldly to fix Facebook crisis? As questions mounted last year about whether Facebook had been exploited to tilt the U.S. presidential election, Mark Zuckerberg's to-do list landed him on a fishing trawler off Alabama's Gulf coast.
	Twitter bans crytocurrency ads on fraud fears Twitter on Monday announced a ban on ads for initial offerings of cryptocurrency or sales of virtual currency tokens, sending the value of bitcoin diving below $8,000.
Tesla starts community college courses to train technicians Electric car maker Tesla Inc. is fostering community college training programs for what could be new blue-collar jobs as mechanics for the growing number of battery-powered vehicles.
A model for optimising the use of local trains The University of Seville has participated in a project dedicated to optimising both planning and transport systems. David Canca (University of Seville) and Eva Barrena (University Pablo de Olavide) led the study in which they considered the importance of where to locate the yards where local trains are kept overnight.
	UAE awards major refining contracts to Korea's Samsung Abu Dhabi National Oil Company said Monday it has awarded two contracts worth $3.5 billion to South Korea's Samsung Engineering to boost output at the largest refinery in the United Arab Emirates.
	In a trade war, aviation giant Boeing could be a sitting duck The sparkling new Boeing 787s bound for China Southern Airlines and Air China are waiting to be delivered, but the prospect of a trade war could make for a less rosy future.
Atlanta still feeling the effects of ransomware cyberattack Atlanta's mayor says the city continues to operate despite ongoing troubles caused by a cyberattack on its computer network last week.

Medicine & Health news

	New paths to cure cancer emerge from immunotherapy trials In the winter of 2013, Sue Scott, then 36, had already planned her own funeral.
	As antibiotics fail, global consumption of antibiotics skyrockets, further driving drug resistance Despite the threat of a global health crisis in antibiotic resistance, worldwide use of antibiotics in humans soared 39 percent between 2000 and 2015, fueled by dramatic increases in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), according to a new study in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). The study, which analyzed human antibiotic consumption in 76 countries, is the most comprehensive assessment of global trends to date.
	Antibody removes Alzheimer's plaques, in mice Years before people start showing characteristic symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, sticky plaques begin forming in their brains, damaging nearby cells. For decades, doctors have sought ways to clear out these plaques as a way to prevent or treat the disease.
	How to make a good impression when saying hello You can hear the perfect hello. And now you can see it, too. Researchers from the CNRS, the ENS, and Aix-Marseille University have established an experimental method that unveils the filter—that is, mental representation—we use to judge people when hearing them say a word as simple as "hello." What is the ideal intonation for coming across as determined or trustworthy? This method has been used by these researchers for clinical purposes with stroke survivors, and it opens many new doors for the study of language perception. The team's findings are published in PNAS (March 26, 2018).
	Microglia pruning brain synapses captured on film for the first time For the first time, EMBL researchers have captured microglia pruning synaptic connections between brain cells. Their findings show that the special glial cells help synapses grow and rearrange, demonstrating the essential role of microglia in brain development. Nature Communications will publish the results on March 26.
	DNA methylation plays key role in stem cell differentiation Northwestern Medicine scientists have discovered how the process of DNA methylation regulates the development of spinal cord motor neurons, according to a study published in the journal Cell Stem Cell.
	MS stem cell treatment stabilises disease and reduced disability, trial shows Pioneering international research has found stem cell treatment in people with active multiple sclerosis stabilises the disease and improves disability.
	New MRI scanner could revolutionize diagnosis and treatment of brain tumors When Reem Itani learned she had a brain tumor, she was distraught—but not for the obvious reason. Her endocrinologist told her the tumor was "MRI-negative," meaning it didn't appear on a brain scan, a concept unfamiliar to Itani even after years in medical school and residency.
	Mutation promts lung tumor cells to morph into gut cells Tumors are notoriously mixed up; cells from one part often express different genes and adopt different sizes and shapes than cells from another part of that same tumor.
	In laboratory, scientist turns off chemo pain In a recent paper published in the journal Pain, Saint Louis University researchers describe their success in an animal model in turning off the excruciating pain that often accompanies a colorectal cancer drug.
	Promising drug may stop cancer-causing gene in its tracks Michigan State University scientists are testing a promising drug that may stop a gene associated with obesity from triggering breast and lung cancer, as well as prevent these cancers from growing.
Brain development disorders in children linked to common environmental toxin exposures Exposures of pregnant women and children to common thyroid-hormone-disrupting toxins may be linked to the increased incidence of brain development disorders, according to a review published in Endocrine Connections. The review describes how numerous, common chemicals can interfere with normal thyroid hormone actions, which are essential for normal brain development in foetuses and young children, and suggests a need for greater public health intervention.
Additional therapy after surgical removal of rare tumors may not increase survival Results of an analysis from the University of Cincinnati (UC) College of Medicine show that additional therapy, or adjuvant therapy, delivered after surgical removal of a rare type of gastrointestinal tumor does not increase survival rates for patients.
	Doctor's own diagnosis drives quest for a cancer cure Christian Hinrichs knew his life had forever changed the day he thought he was pouring milk into a glass, but heard it splashing on the floor instead.
Dissecting artificial intelligence to better understand the human brain In the natural world, intelligence takes many forms. It could be a bat using echolocation to expertly navigate in the dark, or an octopus quickly adapting its behavior to survive in the deep ocean. Likewise, in the computer science world, multiple forms of artificial intelligence are emerging - different networks each trained to excel in a different task. And as will be presented today at the 25th annual meeting of the Cognitive Neuroscience Society (CNS), cognitive neuroscientists increasingly are using those emerging artificial networks to enhance their understanding of one of the most elusive intelligence systems, the human brain.
	Drug-related mortality rates are not randomly distributed across the US Drug-related deaths have grown to be a major US public health problem over the past two decades. Between 2006 and 2015 there were more than 515,000 deaths from drug overdoses and other drug-related causes. The economic, social, and emotional tolls of these deaths are substantial, but some parts of the US are bearing heavier burdens than others. Evidence from the first national study of county-level differences suggests that addressing economic and social conditions will be key to reversing the rising tide of drug deaths, reports the American Journal of Preventive Medicine.
Study: More people rely on government catastrophic drug plans Government spending for the catastrophic drug program in Ontario rose 700 per cent between 2000 and 2016, during which there was a three-fold increase in the use of this plan, a new study has found.
Oxycodone use shifts in Australia after tamper-resistant versions introduced After the introduction of tamper-resistant oxycodone in Australia, dispensing rates for higher-strength formulations decreased for people younger than 65 years, but there was no change in older adults, according to new research in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal).
	Machine learning model provides rapid prediction of C. difficile infection risk Every year nearly 30,000 Americans die from an aggressive, gut-infecting bacteria called Clostridium difficile (C. difficile), which is resistant to many common antibiotics and can flourish when antibiotic treatment kills off beneficial bacteria that normally keep it at bay. Investigators from Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), the University of Michigan (U-M) and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) now have developed investigational "machine learning" models, specifically tailored to individual institutions, that can predict a patient's risk of developing C. difficile much earlier than it would be diagnosed with current methods. Preliminary data from their study, which is being published today in Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, were presented last October at the ID Week 2017 conference.
	Two immunotherapies used together for the first time to tackle tumors Two immunotherapies - one that enables the T-cells a patient already has to better attack a tumor and another that can produce an independent and vigorous immune response - are being given together for the first time to help more patients wage a stronger war on a wide range of solid tumors, researchers say.
Cancer patients' pain eased by simple bedside chart, study shows Patients with cancer could benefit from a simple bedside system to manage their pain, a study suggests.
Smoking in patients with heart attack reduced with varenicline In patients who have had a heart attack, the drug varenicline significantly reduced smoking during the following year, found a randomized controlled trial published in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal) .
	Top sports leagues heavily promote unhealthy food and beverages, new study finds The majority of food and beverages marketed through multi-million-dollar television and online sports sponsorships are unhealthy—and may be contributing to the escalating obesity epidemic among children and adolescents in the U.S., warn social scientists from NYU School of Medicine and other national academic health institutions.
	Viagra rising: how the little blue pill revolutionized sex Twenty years ago, a little blue pill called Viagra unleashed a cultural shift in America, making sex possible again for millions of older men and bringing the once-taboo topic of impotence into daily conversation.
Treatment rates for dangerously high cholesterol remains low Less than 40 percent of people with severe elevations in cholesterol are being prescribed appropriate drug treatment, according to a nationally representative study reported in the American Heart Association's journal Circulation.
	Metastasizing cancer cells modify bone remodeling with small RNA secretion Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men worldwide. In nearly three out of four patients, the cancer causes metastasis, leaving the original site of the tumor and spreading to distant sites throughout the body. Metastatic prostate cancer cells often travel to bone, where they can affect bone structure and cause severe pain, pathological fractures, and spinal cord compression. A better understanding of the process that enables these cancer cells to remodel bone may aid in the search for new therapies. In a study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers at Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) report the discovery of an RNA molecule that may play a key role in bone restructuring caused by prostate cancer (Fig.1).
	A new mechanism involved in Staphylococcus aureus virulence and antibiotic resistance An Institut Pasteur-CNRS research team has characterized a Staphylococcus aureus gene involved in virulence, biofilm formation and resistance to certain antibiotics. These results open up new avenues for understanding the control of S. aureus virulence mechanisms. This work was recently published in the journal PLoS Pathogens.
Children with autism and their younger siblings less likely to be fully vaccinated Children with autism and their younger siblings are significantly less likely to be fully vaccinated than the general population, according to new Kaiser Permanente research published today in JAMA Pediatrics.
	Receptivity to e-cigarette ads among young adults in the US leads to cigarette smoking Receptivity to advertising for e-cigarettes, cigarettes and cigars were confirmed to be associated with those who would try the respective tobacco product within one year. However, receptivity to e-cigarette advertising also independently increased the odds that 12- to 21-year-olds who have never smoked would try cigarette smoking within the next year by 60 percent. This finding, publishing in the March 26 issue of JAMA Pediatrics, was independent of receptivity to cigarette advertising.
	Why does sleep become disrupted in old age? The brain maintains its ability to generate local neural oscillations during sleep throughout the lifespan, according to a study of young and old mice published in JNeurosci. The research indicates that age-related disruptions in sleep and associated large-scale brain activity, are not due to changes in the activity of individual neurons.
Mitochondrial disease patients face difficult road to diagnosis A new study documents the prolonged and difficult path patients face before they are diagnosed with mitochondrial diseases, a group of rare, debilitating genetic disorders. The study was led by researchers at Columbia University Irving Medical Center; findings appear in the journal Neurology: Genetics.
Study examines blood lead levels of Flint children before and after water crisis Flint children's blood lead levels were nearly three times higher almost a decade before the year of the Flint water crisis, new research shows.
	Viagra turns 20: chronicle of a global success Launched in the United States 20 years ago, Viagra has sold in the billions and become an unexpected source of revenue for its maker Pfizer, as well as copycats worldwide.
Opioid analgesics reduce use of antipsychotics in persons with Alzheimer's disease Initiating an opioid analgesic reduced the use of antipsychotics and benzodiazepines in persons with Alzheimer's disease, a recent study from the University of Eastern Finland shows. These drugs are frequently prescribed to treat behavioural and psychiatric symptoms of dementia, which can be worsened by other symptoms, such as pain. The results were published in International Psychogeriatrics.
	Drug reduces inflammation in stroke patients An anti-inflammatory drug given to patients in the early stages of a stroke has been shown by researchers at The University of Manchester and Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust to reduce harmful inflammation.
Searching for long-term success in weight management? Forget dieting and eat regularly Early adulthood is particularly critical for putting on weight. According to a recent study conducted at the University of Helsinki, common factors among young women and men who succeeded in managing their weight in the long term included eating regularly rather than dieting.
	Research into health and performance of older doctors University of Melbourne research found doctors aged 65 years of age and older had 37 per cent more notifications (complaints/concerns) lodged against them than younger doctors (36-60 years) over a four-year period.
	Research finds orbital radiotherapy should not be used to treat thyroid eye disease The first NHS-led clinical trial for thyroid eye disease (TED) - also called Graves' orbitopathy (GO) – a disfiguring condition causing protruding eyes, double vision and swelling around the eyes affecting mostly women – has shown that currently widely used, expensive and time-consuming radiotherapy treatment, does not help patients who are also given steroid tablets.
	World-first study links birth interventions and long-term childhood illness A team of leading international researchers have found significant links between medical interventions used in the birthing process – such as caesarean section and induction – and a child's long-term health.
	Study: Are they lying? What non-verbal clues can and cannot tell you From dating sites to job interviews to law enforcement, decision making would be much easier if there were some mannerism that served as a guaranteed indication of a lie.
Study explores new treatment for childhood myopia The rates of myopia, or nearsightedness, in pediatric patients have steadily increased with little to no change in treatment, which, for decades, has had ophthalmologists and optometrists turning to corrective lenses for improved vision.
Obesity linked to improved survival in male melanoma patients Obese patients with metastatic melanoma live significantly longer than those with normal body mass indexes (BMI), according to a new study published in Lancet Oncology. The surprising association was mainly seen in male patients who were treated with targeted or immune therapy.
	'Financial health' is good medicine in mental health care Spend an afternoon doing mental health research with Annie Harper, Ph.D. and you might find yourself checking out the prices at a local rent-to-own store, helping a client pull his credit report, or listening as Harper speaks on the phone, convincing a student loan collection agency to restructure someone's debt.
	Consumerism driving changes in health care, study finds Rising costs and changing attitudes about convenience and the ability to personalize life choices are driving a trend toward greater consumer purchasing power and individual responsibility in health care services, according to a new issue brief by experts at Rice University's Baker Institute for Public Policy.
	Remake, refill, reuse: recycling at the synapse revealed Neurons in the brain form tangled webs of connections. Within these webs, cells communicate with each other to control motor, cognitive and other functions.
	New research partnership makes childbirth safer in Mozambique As the world awakens to deep injustices for women globally, an ambitious project led by University of Saskatchewan researchers in Mozambique is striving to reset the course —reducing maternal mortality and improving newborn health by empowering women and girls.
	Flowchart promotes a healthy sick leave policy If the record-breaking 2017-18 flu season taught corporate America anything, it's that a fever doesn't discriminate against paygrade. And with allergy season gearing up, and summer colds just on the horizon, it's a good time to remember the importance of sick leave policies.
	New method identifies type 2 diabetics at risk of early death When you hear the phrase 'adult-onset diabetes', your first thought might be of excessive blood sugar levels and obesity. Picturing an adult carrying extra weight around his or her waist, and who follows an unhealthy lifestyle.
The value of foodbanks goes well beyond the food they provide, offering social contact and a safe place where users The value of foodbanks goes well beyond the food they provide, offering social contact and a safe place where users find care, dignity and respect, according to new research released today by the University of Glasgow.
	The ideal female body type is getting even harder to attain Day after day, we're bombarded with so many media messages that rarely do we stop to think about what they're telling us to think, do or feel.
	Scientists launch global effort to model pancreatic beta cell, solve diabetes USC researchers have launched a massive scientific effort to construct a detailed, virtual 3-D model of the pancreatic beta cell and its components—a global project that aims to one day curb the worldwide rise of diabetes.
Prenatal stress changes brain connectivity in-utero Boston - The time babies spend in the womb is far from idle. The brain is changing more rapidly during this time than at any other time in development. It is an active time for the fetus to grow and explore, and of course connect to its mother. And new evidence from in-utero fetal brain scans shows, for the first time, that this connection directly affects brain development: A mother's stress during pregnancy changes neural connectivity in the brain of her unborn child.
Half of vision impairment in first world is preventable Around half of vision impairment in Western Europe is preventable, according to a new study published in the British Journal of Ophthalmology.
	Obesity is shifting cancer to young adults A Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine researcher has compiled evidence from more than 100 publications to show how obesity increases risk of 13 different cancers in young adults. The meta-analysis describes how obesity has shifted certain cancers to younger age groups, and intensified cellular mechanisms promoting the diseases.
	Many doctors don't push HPV shots equally. See who's left out (HealthDay)—Teen boys in the United States are less likely than girls to be vaccinated against human papillomavirus (HPV) because many doctors don't recommend the shots to boys' parents, researchers say.
	Seeing clearly (HealthDay)—Many people don't think twice about their vision until there's a problem, but seeing an eye doctor should definitely be on your wellness radar at different stages of life.
	Lean approach may help tackle burnout in health care providers (HealthDay)—The Lean approach, which emphasizes reducing waste and improving customer value by focusing on the big picture, can be used to address physician burnout, according to a report published in Medical Economics.
	Vascular malformations contribute to lower quality of life (HealthDay)—Patients with vascular malformations (VAMs) have increased pain and psychosocial distress, compared with the general U.S. population, according to a review published online March 21 in JAMA Dermatology.
	MVPA mortality risk reduction not tied to exercise in bouts (HealthDay)—Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is associated with reduced mortality risk, regardless of whether it is accumulated in bouts, according to a study published online March 22 in the Journal of the American Heart Association.
Study uncovers the intricacies of the pursuit of higher self-control Self-control is a central human capacity associated with a wide range of personal and societal advantages. In view of its benefits, increasing self-control among children and adults has been advocated as a remedy to many of society's ailments, from childhood obesity to adulthood criminal behavior.
Study tracks impact of neonatal abstinence syndrome on state Medicaid programs? In the United States, one infant is born every 15 minutes with withdrawal symptoms after being exposed to opioids before birth, according to a new study published in the journal Pediatrics.
	Neuroscientists say daily ibuprofen can prevent Alzheimer's disease A Vancouver-based research team led by Canada's most cited neuroscientist, Dr. Patrick McGeer, has successfully carried out studies suggesting that, if started early enough, a daily regimen of the non-prescription NSAID (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug) ibuprofen can prevent the onset of Alzheimer's disease. This means that by taking an over-the-counter medication, people can ward off a disease that, according to Alzheimer's Disease International's World Alzheimer Report 2016, affects an estimated 47 million people worldwide, costs health care systems worldwide more than US$818 billion per year and is the fifth leading cause of death in those aged 65 or older.
	Novel blueprint for faster implementation of more evidence-based healthcare solutions Scientist-clinicians from the Indiana University Center for Health Innovation and Implementation Science, Regenstrief Institute and IU Center for Aging Research have designed, developed and implemented an effective, simple new methodology—Agile Implementation—for faster, efficient, scalable, sustainable and effective translation of evidence-based healthcare solutions.
	Music lessons improve children's cognitive skills and academic performance: study Structured music lessons significantly enhance children's cognitive abilities—including language-based reasoning, short-term memory, planning and inhibition—which lead to improved academic performance. Published in Frontiers in Neuroscience, the research is the first large-scale, longitudinal study to be adapted into the regular school curriculum. Visual arts lessons were also found to significantly improve children's visual and spatial memory.
	'Phubbing' can threaten our basic human needs, research shows New research has shown that ignoring someone you're with in a social setting to concentrate on your mobile phone - called 'phubbing' - can have a negative effect on relationships by threatening our basic human need to belong.
Infection prevention and control programs are essential to antibiotic stewardship efforts Infection prevention and control (IPC) and antibiotic stewardship (AS) programs are inextricably linked, according to a joint position paper published today by the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC), the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA), and the Society of Infectious Disease Pharmacists (SIDP) in APIC and SHEA's peer-review journals, the American Journal of Infection Control and Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology.
	Dentist group puts teeth in push to curb opioid painkillers The American Dental Association wants dentists to drastically cut back on prescribing opioid painkillers.
Frequent, public drug users may be good candidates for overdose-treatment training In response to America's opioid crisis, public health departments and community organizations across the country have started to train opioid users to reverse overdoses in other users with the opioid-blocker naloxone. The most frequent and public opioid users may be the best available candidates for naloxone training, according to a new study from scientists at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.
	Combination breast cancer therapy targets tumor cells and the blood vessels that feed them Each day, normal human cell tissues express a protein known as p53 that wages war against potential malignancies. However, between 30 and 40 percent of human breast cancers express a defective (mutant) form of p53 that helps cancer cells proliferate and grow. Now, researchers at the University of Missouri have found that combining a cancer therapy, which activates mutant p53 and is currently under a clinical trial, with a second drug therapy that helps suppress tumor blood vessels found in cancer cells, can help significantly reduce the spread of breast cancer tumors while also causing cancer cell death.
	Portable device detects severe stroke in seconds with 92 percent accuracy A new device worn like a visor can detect emergent large-vessel occlusion in patients with suspected stroke with 92 percent accuracy, report clinical investigators at the Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC), Mount Sinai, the University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center and elsewhere in an article published online on March 6, 2018, in the Journal of Neurointerventional Surgery. Patients with large-vessel occlusions can then be routed to a Comprehensive Stroke Center with endovascular capabilities. In contrast, a standard physical examination achieved only 40 to 89 percent accuracy in identifying patients with large-vessel occlusion who could benefit from endovascular therapy.
	Prenatal choline intake increases grey and white matter in piglets Choline intake during pregnancy can influence infant metabolism and brain development, according to a series of studies from the University of Illinois. Although the role of choline in neurodevelopment has been studied before in rodents, the new research, done with pigs, has more relevance to humans.
	New targeted therapy schedule could keep melanoma at bay Skin melanoma, a particularly insidious cancer, accounts for the vast majority skin cancer deaths and is one of the most common cancers in people under 30. Treatment for advanced melanoma has seen success with targeted therapies - drugs that interfere with division and growth of cancer cells by targeting key molecules - especially when multiple drugs are used in combination. While the combination of targeted therapies improves patient outcomes, any remaining cancer cells can lead to drug resistance. Recently research published in Cancer Discovery showed that changing the schedules of drug administration can improve outcomes leading to more complete responses in mouse models of the disease.
	Study challenges previous findings that antidepressants affect breastfeeding New research does not support the previously observed negative impacts of antidepressant use on breastfeeding. In the British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology study, use of serotonin reuptake inhibitors in late pregnancy was not linked with an increased risk of women experiencing low milk supply.
	Metabolic profiling may determine aggressiveness, prognosis of prostate cancer A new approach to analyzing prostate gland tissue may help address a major challenge in treating prostate cancer - determining which tumors are unlikely to progress and which could be life threatening and require treatment. In their report published in the journal Scientific Reports, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) investigators describe how cellular metabolites - proteins produced as the results metabolic processes - in apparently benign tissues from cancerous prostates not only can determine the grade and stage of the tumor but also can predict its risk of recurrence.
	Study suggests uncertainty in e-cigarettes' usefulness for quitting smoking An analysis of data from a previous study of more than 1,350 smokers intending to quit after a hospitalization found that those who reported using electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) during the study period were less likely to have successfully quit smoking 6 months after entering the study. The authors caution, however, that because of the study's design, it cannot support the conclusion that e-cigarettes are not useful smoking cessation aids and stress the need for further investigation of that question.
	Study finds hospital quality report cards and readmission penalties may not tell whole story Over the past several years, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) have reported hospital quality measures on the Hospital Compare website, providing the public with a way to compare hospital performance. Hospital readmission rates in particular have gained substantial attention from policymakers and health care providers because of their high frequency and significant costs. Among the most prominent of these are 30-day hospital readmission rates for specific conditions, including heart failure (HF), pneumonia and myocardial infarction (MI or heart attack) which are risk-adjusted to account for differences in patients' health status. Higher-than-average 30-day readmission rates not only result in poor report cards for low-performing hospitals, but can also result in substantial financial penalties.
Trained navigators may improve access to transplantation for disadvantaged patients In a recent study, a trained navigator who provided guidance to disadvantaged patients with kidney failure helped increase access to the transplant waitlist among patients who needed a longer time to get through the transplant evaluation process. The intervention, which is described in an upcoming issue of the Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (CJASN), may help improve patients' chances of receiving potentially life-saving kidney transplants.
	Hoverboard injuries speeding U.S. kids to the ER (HealthDay)—Hoverboards may look cool, flashy and fun, but they're less safe than you might think.
	Aging can be tough to swallow (HealthDay)—It's thought that one-quarter of U.S. adults will develop a swallowing problem at some point. But researchers hope insight from a new study may help lead to improved treatment.
	Does your height play a role in heart risks? Your height may affect your choice of clothing, theater seat or airplane row. Turns out it could also play a role in your risk of heart disease and stroke.
	This 'heart of the family' awaits a new heart Felix Aguirre has always been close to his family. The oldest of four siblings, he's known for putting the needs of his relatives above his own.
	Theater workers' head injuries often go unreported (HealthDay)—Concussions are common among theater workers and even actors, but perhaps because the show must go on, these head injuries get little attention, a new study finds.
	For those with HIV, symptom burden higher in women (HealthDay)—The burden of two of the most common symptoms in patients living with HIV—fatigue and muscle aches/joint pains—is higher in women, according to a study published online March 5 in Menopause.
	Intensive lifestyle interventions cut long-term disability in T2DM (HealthDay)—For overweight or obese adults with type 2 diabetes, a long-term weight loss intervention is associated with a reduction in long-term disability, according to a study published online March 15 in Diabetes Care.
	BMI linked to hepatocellular carcinoma risk in chronic hep B (HealthDay)—For patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV), body mass index (BMI) is significantly associated with increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with the risk more pronounced for women than men, according to a research letter published online March 22 in JAMA Oncology.
	Multivector gracilis muscle flap viable for facial reanimation (HealthDay)—The gracilis flap can be designed as a functional double paddle flap for a multivector facial reanimation after facial paralysis, according to a study published online March 22 in JAMA Facial Plastic Surgery.
	Intravitreal anti-VEGF use not tied to systemic adverse events (HealthDay)—Intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment is not associated with increased risk of systemic adverse events for patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration, diabetic macular edema, or retinal vein occlusion, according to a review published online March 22 in JAMA Ophthalmology.
The novel insights of proteoglycans in mineralized tissues The 47th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Dental Research (AADR), held in conjunction with the 42nd Annual Meeting of the Canadian Association for Dental Research (CADR), featured a symposium titled "The Novel Insights of Proteoglycans in Mineralized Tissues." The AADR/CADR Annual Meeting is in Fort Lauderdale, Fla. from March 21-24, 2018.
Associations between longitudinal beverage intakes and adolescent caries At the 47th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Dental Research (AADR), held in conjunction with the 42nd Annual Meeting of the Canadian Association for Dental Research (CADR), Teresa A. Marshall, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, presented an oral session titled "Associations Between Longitudinal Beverage Intakes and Adolescent Caries." The AADR/CADR Annual Meeting is in Fort Lauderdale, Fla. from March 21-24, 2018.
	Women with reduced functional abilities are perceived as asexual To participate in the labour market and to have a family are things most people take for granted. Women with functional disabilities are deprived of many opportunities. The explanation may be both functional ability and gender, according to researcher.
Increase in number of places for local medical students Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry at Queen Mary University of London has been allocated an additional 32 new places for medical students, which will provide new opportunities for students from the local area.
Program to recruit under-represented minority high schoolers into medicine shows promise A week-long summer program significantly improves students' medical knowledge and understanding of medical school, which researchers say could increase the likelihood that those students become physicians.
	Lung transplant drug enters human testing in culmination of decades of work In the culmination of decades of research at the University of Virginia Health System, doctors have begun human testing of a drug they hope will one day save many lives among lung transplant recipients.
	Analysis of the 9p21.3 sequence associated with coronary artery disease Before a conclusive link between the SDs and the cardiovascular diseases can be made, further analysis is required on the CAD interval in more patients with coronary artery disease and in the human population, using the TAR cloning technique in combination with qPCR or Droplet digital PCR developed in this work.
	New study finds younger aged children with symptoms of ADHD have reduced brain size Children as young as four years old with symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) showed reduced brain volumes in regions essential for behavioral control, according to a study published today in the Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society. The study, funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), represents the first comprehensive examination of cortical brain volume in preschool children with ADHD and provides an indication that anomalous brain structure is evident in the early stages of development.

Biology news

	Spiders and scorpions have co-opted leg genes to build their heads Arthropods are among the most successful animals on the planet. They inhabit the sea (horseshoe crabs), the sky (fruit flies), and the earth (scorpions) in vast numbers and are defined by their exoskeleton exteriors and segmented legs and bodies.
	Breakthrough in battle against rice blast Scientists have found a way to stop the spread of rice blast, a fungus that destroys up to 30% of the world's rice crop each year.
	Let them eat xylose: Yeast engineered to grow efficiently on novel nutrients Researchers at Tufts University have created a genetically modified yeast that can more efficiently consume a novel nutrient, xylose, enabling the yeast to grow faster and to higher cell densities, raising the prospect of a significantly faster path toward the design of new synthetic organisms for industrial applications, according to a study published today in Nature Communications.
	Caribou drone study finds 'enormous variation' within herd Herd animals may not be as conformist as we thought, according to new research published in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. The first paper to use drones to record the movement of individual animals within groups, it is also among the first to study social interactions within those groups as they migrate.
	Yeast adaptation study finds diploids evolve more slowly than haploids Experimental evolution is a good way to enhance our current understanding of how genomes—or sets of chromosomes in an organism's cells—evolve and the role of individual mutations in adaptation.
	New standards for ancient protein studies set forth by multi-national group of researchers A team of researchers from institutions at the leading edge of the new field of palaeoproteomics have published guidelines to provide it with a firm foundation. Ancient proteins are used to study everything from extinct species to ancient human diets to the evolution of diseases, and more. The guide, published in Nature Ecology & Evolution, aims to support good practices in the field and to ensure the generation of robust, reproducible results.
	Researchers learn why aquatic mammals need to be big, but not too big Anyone who has witnessed majestic whales or lumbering elephant seals in person would be forgiven for associating ocean life with unlimited size in mammals, but new research reveals that mammal growth is actually more constrained in water than on land.
	New insights into how cellulose is built could indicate how to break it apart for biofuels A comprehensive look at how plants build cellulose, the primary building block of the walls of most plant cells that is used in a wide variety of manmade materials, could have important implications for its use in biofuels. Researchers at Penn State have identified the major steps in the process as well as the tools used by plant cells to create cellulose, including proteins that transport critical components to the location where cellulose is made. A paper describing the study appears online the week of March 26, 2018, in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
	Study results suggest wild birds suffer personality disorders due to ingestion of heavy metals A team of researchers from the University of Antwerp has found evidence of heavy metal ingestion by wild birds causing changes in their personalities. In their paper published in Science of The Total Environment, the group describes the multiple ways they studied bird behavior near a site known for emitting cadmium and lead, and what they found.
	Enzyme discovery enables first-time microbial production of an aromatic biofuel Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy Joint BioEnergy Institute (JBEI) and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) have discovered a new enzyme that will enable microbial production of a renewable alternative to petroleum-based toluene, a widely used octane booster in gasoline that has a global market of 29 million tons per year.
	Vampire bat immunity and infection risk respond to livestock rearing The availability of livestock as a food source for vampire bats influences their immune response and infection by bacterial pathogens, according to a new paper in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. Because cattle ranching is common in areas where the bats live, the findings have implications for human as well as animal health.
	CRISPR/Cas9 mutation prevention system could help prevent and fight disease in the future Many life-threatening diseases are caused or exacerbated by a mere change of a single nucleotide building block in the universal genetic DNA code. Such "point mutations" can turn a single cell in the human body into a cancerous cell that goes on to grow into a tumor, or they can turn antibiotic-sensitive into antibiotic-resistant bacteria that cause untreatable infections. In an ideal world, clinicians would be able to remove cells with such deleterious point mutations right after they are created to fight diseases much more effectively.
	How infighting turns toxic for chimpanzees Power. Ambition. Jealousy. According to a new study, the same things that fuel deadly clashes in humans can also tear apart chimpanzees, our closest animal relatives.
	Rocky habitats need to be protected for endangered amphibians to survive Rare amphibians living on rocky plateaux in western India are in desperate need of greater protection as their habitats are being eroded by expansions in population, industry and tourism, new research has shown.
	Biologists discover that female purple sea urchins prime their progeny to succeed in the face of stress This story begins in the kelp forest and ends with a very important climate change message: All is not lost—at least not for purple sea urchins.
	Hybrid chickadees found deficient at learning and memory For a long time, hybridization—when distinct species mate and produce offspring—was thought to be a mistake. Yet, advancements in genomic testing tools have revealed naturally occurring hybridization as a fairly common phenomenon—with a role in natural selection, in some cases.
	'Beginning of the end?' No new babies for endangered whales The winter calving season for critically endangered right whales is ending without a single newborn being spotted off the southeast U.S. coast, a reproductive drought unseen for three decades that experts say brings the rare species a perilous step closer to extinction.
	Australian volunteers save 5 of over 150 stranded whales Volunteers in western Australia have managed to rescue only five of 150 short-finned pilot whales that became stranded on a beach.
	Indonesian 'house pet' orangutans rescued by activists Young orangutan Utu clings to one of his rescuers as he is freed from the tiny wooden cage that has been home for five years.
	After warnings of species plight: solutions in sight Chicken or beef?
	Quackery and superstition: species pay the cost A pinch of powdered chimpanzee bone, some gecko saliva, a dash of vulture brain.
	Important development could reduce numbers of fish required in toxicology research Scientists have developed a new technique to examine the effects of chemicals on digestive systems of fish and support research into gut related conditions.
	Warming world will affect fish size and fisheries Current fishery targets may become unachievable as the planet warms.
Growing and surviving: How proteins regulate the cell cycle Cell division is the basis of all life. Even the smallest errors in this complex process can lead to grave diseases like cancer. Certain proteins have to be switched on or off at specific times for proper cell division. Biophysicists and medical biochemists at Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (MLU) have described the underlying mechanism of this process. They report how different signaling pathways in the cell change the structures of proteins, thereby driving the cell division cycle in the right direction at the right time. The researchers present their findings in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Themed issue lays foundation for emerging field of collective movement ecology On land, in air, and through water, many species of animals move together in groups. Thundering herds of wildebeest migrate across the Serengeti; murmurations of starlings move as if one to avoid hawks; and pods of dolphins work together to hunt schools of sardines. Collective movement is one of the great natural wonders on Earth and has long captured our imaginations. But there's a lot we don't understand about how collective movement drives—and is driven by—broader ecological and evolutionary processes.
	Mushroom geography Iowa has corn, Idaho has potatoes and, unbeknownst to many, Pennsylvania has mushrooms. Chester County, Pennsylvania, produces roughly 50 percent of all mushrooms grown in the United States. The top 50 growers in Chester County produced roughly 405 million pounds during the 2015-16 growing season, valued at approximately $391 million, according to a 2017 report from the USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service.
	Chance is a factor in the survival of species In a major study, biologists at Lund University in Sweden have studied the role of chance in whether a species survives or dies out locally. One possible consequence according to the researchers, is that although conservation initiatives can save endangered species, sometimes chance can override such efforts.
	Research sheds new light on improving rice yields Light is essential for plant growth but getting the right amount for crops out in the field at the mercy of the climate is very difficult, now plant scientists have found a way to tackle this with the help of a protein that allows rice crops to regulate the amount of light they can safely use.
	How did the guppy cross the ocean? An unexpected fish appears on a volcanic archipelago While people tend to describe tropical oceanic islands as 'paradises on Earth' and associate them with calm beaches, transparent warm waters and marvellous landscapes, archipelagos are often the product of a fierce natural force—volcanoes which erupt at the bottom of the sea.
The rhythm of genes: How the circadian clock regulates 3-D chromatin structure EPFL biologists and geneticists have uncovered how the circadian clock orchestrates the 24-hour cycle of gene expression by regulating the structure of chromatin, the tightly wound DNA-protein complex of the cell. The work is published in Genes & Development.
	It's a girl: first IVF bison calf joins NoCo herd And then there were... 44. Eight bison—four calves and their mothers—were released in mid-March on public lands in northern Colorado, bringing the total number of animals in the Laramie Foothills Bison Conservation Herd to 44.
	Research reveals a new direction for halting the citrus greening epidemic New clues to how the bacteria associated with citrus greening infect the only insect that carries them could lead to a way to block the microbes' spread from tree to tree, according to a study in Infection and Immunity by scientists at Boyce Thompson Institute (BTI) and the Agricultural Research Service (ARS).
	Researchers estimate the vulnerability and extinction risk of migratory species from different regions and ecosystems Forty million miles of major roads crisscross the Earth's continents—enough to circle the planet 1,600 times. For humans, these thoroughfares are a boon, enabling them to move with ease from place to place. But for migrating animals who are also hemmed in by dams, rivers, shipping lanes, urban development and agriculture, they create another barrier.
	Treating koalas for chlamydia alters gut microbes Koalas are one of Australia's iconic animals, but they have been hard hit by an epidemic of Chlamydia infections contributing to a steep decline in numbers. Sick koalas brought to wildlife hospitals may be treated with antibiotics to clear up the chlamydia, but the antibiotics themselves can have severe side effects in the animals.
	What three feet of seawater could mean for the world's turtles Ninety percent of the world's coastal freshwater turtle species are expected to be affected by sea level rise by 2100, according to a study from the University of California, Davis.
	Study characterizes two new Galician olive varieties for the first time Olive oil is one of the main sources of fat in the Mediterranean diet. Olive oil is remarkable for its nutrients, and Spain is the number one producer. Though most Spanish olive oil production takes place in Andalusia, over the last few years, other regions within Spain have begun to produce high-quality olive oil using their own native olive varieties.
Cat-and-mouse game: Mountain lion roams California backyards A mountain lion roamed through backyards in a neighborhood outside Los Angeles before wildlife officers tranquilized it.

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