| | DNA methylation-based classification of central nervous system tumours
An online approach for the DNA methylation-based classification of central nervous system tumours across all entities and age groups has been developed to help to improve current diagnostic standards. | Placentation defects are highly prevalent in embryonic lethal mouse mutants
Analysis of embryonic lethal and sub-viable mouse knockout lines reveals that ablation of many genes affects placental development, and that the occurrence of placental defects is co-associated with abnormal brain, heart and vascular system development. | Integrative structure and functional anatomy of a nuclear pore complex
The structure of the yeast nuclear pore complex, determined at sub-nanometre precision using an integrative approach that combines a wide range of data, reveals details of its architecture, transport mechanism and evolutionary origins. | A single population of red globular clusters around the massive compact galaxy NGC 1277
The massive relic galaxy NGC 1277 has few blue globular clusters, indicating that it has undergone little mass accretion and is a candidate ‘red nugget’ in the nearby Universe. | Dysregulation of expression correlates with rare-allele burden and fitness loss in maize
A multi-tissue gene expression resource representative of the genotypic and phenotypic diversity of modern inbred maize reveals the effect of rare alleles and evolutionary history on the regulation of gene expression. | Humans thrived in South Africa through the Toba eruption about 74,000 years ago
Youngest Toba Tuff glass shards found together with evidence of human occupation at two archaeological sites from the southern coast of South Africa indicate that early modern humans thrived in this region despite the eruption of the Toba supervolcano about 74,000 years ago. | Carbon dioxide addition to coral reef waters suppresses net community calcification
In situ carbon dioxide enrichment experiments show that ocean acidification poses a threat to coral reefs by reducing the saturation state of aragonite and the concentration of carbonate ions and that this impairs community calcification. | Diffusible repression of cytokinin signalling produces endodermal symmetry and passage cells
In an Arabidopsis model, repression of cytokinin in the root meristem produces a distinct population of xylem-pole endodermal cells, which resist suberization to become passage cells that enable transport across the otherwise-impermeable endodermis. | A single-cell RNA-seq survey of the developmental landscape of the human prefrontal cortex
WebAnalysis of gene expression at single-cell resolution in the developing prefrontal cortex of the human embryo reveals a diversity of cell types, elucidates cell lineages and identifies signalling pathways that regulate development. | The cis-regulatory dynamics of embryonic development at single-cell resolution
An improved assay for chromatin accessibility at single-cell resolution in Drosophila melanogaster embryos enables identification of developmental-stage- and cell-lineage-specific patterns of chromatin-level transcriptional regulation. | Carbonate-sensitive phytotransferrin controls high-affinity iron uptake in diatoms
Phytotransferrin, a functional analogue of transferrin, has an obligate requirement for carbonate to bind iron, which suggests that acidification-driven declines in the concentration of seawater carbonate ions may negatively affect diatom iron acquisition. | A TRP channel trio mediates acute noxious heat sensing
Three transient receptor potential channels (TRPA1, TRPV1 and TRPM3) mediate sensitivity to acute noxious heat in mice in a redundant system; mice lacking all three show severe deficits in heat sensing, whereas double-knockout mice do not. | | The landscape of genomic alterations across childhood cancers OPEN
Analyses of genomes from 914 children, adolescents, and young adults provide a comprehensive resource of genomic alterations across a spectrum of common childhood cancers.
Susanne N. Gröbner, Barbara C. Worst, Joachim Weischenfeldt et al. | The atomic structure of a eukaryotic oligosaccharyltransferase complex
The high-resolution structure of the entire eukaryotic oligosaccharyltransferase complex is determined, revealing the role of membrane lipids in mediating inter-subunit interactions, and the mechanism by which the complex enables protein N-glycosylation.
Lin Bai, Tong Wang, Gongpu Zhao et al. | | Two chemically similar stellar overdensities on opposite sides of the plane of the Galactic disk
Fourteen stars from stellar overdensities above and below the Galactic disk have the same elemental abundances as disk stars, suggesting that these stars originated in the disk, perhaps being removed during interaction with passing dwarf galaxies.
Maria Bergemann, Branimir Sesar, Judith G. Cohen et al. | Confocal non-line-of-sight imaging based on the light-cone transform
A confocal scanning technique solves the reconstruction problem of non-line-of-sight imaging to give fast and high-quality reconstructions of hidden objects.
Matthew O’Toole, David B. Lindell, Gordon Wetzstein | Observation of a phononic quadrupole topological insulator
A two-dimensional phononic quadrupole topological insulator is demonstrated experimentally using mechanical metamaterials, which has both the one-dimensional edge states and the zero-dimensional corner states predicted by theory.
Marc Serra-Garcia, Valerio Peri, Roman Süsstrunk et al. | A quantized microwave quadrupole insulator with topologically protected corner states
A quantized quadrupole topological insulator composed of capacitively coupled microwave resonators has corner states that are protected by bulk topology and exhibit exceptional robustness against edge deformation.
Christopher W. Peterson, Wladimir A. Benalcazar, Taylor L. Hughes et al. | High-resolution magnetic resonance spectroscopy using a solid-state spin sensor
High-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy at the scale of single cells is achieved by combining a magnetometer consisting of an ensemble of nitrogen–vacancy centres with a narrowband synchronized readout protocol.
David R. Glenn, Dominik B. Bucher, Junghyun Lee et al. | Redox-influenced seismic properties of upper-mantle olivine
Redox conditions and associated defect chemistry rather than water content, as previously thought, strongly influence the seismic properties of olivine, the main constituent mineral of Earth’s upper mantle.
C. J. Cline II, U. H. Faul, E. C. David et al. | Altruism in a volatile world
A derivation of Hamilton’s rule that considers explicit environmental stochasticity can predict when organisms should pay a cost to influence the variance in the reproductive success of their relatives, formalizing the link between bet-hedging and altruism.
Patrick Kennedy, Andrew D. Higginson, Andrew N. Radford et al. | Pursuing sustainable productivity with millions of smallholder farmers
Millions of Chinese smallholder farmers were persuaded to adopt enhanced management practices, which led to a greater yield, reduced nitrogen fertilizer use and improved environmental performance throughout China.
Zhenling Cui, Hongyan Zhang, Xinping Chen et al. | Pervasive phosphorus limitation of tree species but not communities in tropical forests
In lowland tropical forests in Panama, widespread species-level phosphorus limitation of tree growth is not reflected in community-wide growth or biomass owing to the presence of a few species tolerant of low phosphorus availability.
Benjamin L. Turner, Tania Brenes-Arguedas, Richard Condit | Pan-cancer genome and transcriptome analyses of 1,699 paediatric leukaemias and solid tumours OPEN
Analysis of the genomes, exomes and transcriptomes of 1,699 childhood cancers identifies 142 driver genes.
Xiaotu Ma, Yu Liu, Yanling Liu et al. | Human hippocampal neurogenesis drops sharply in children to undetectable levels in adults
Recruitment of young neurons to the hippocampus decreases rapidly during the first years of life, and neurogenesis does not continue, or is extremely rare, in the adult human brain.
Shawn F. Sorrells, Mercedes F. Paredes, Arantxa Cebrian-Silla et al. | Recognition of DHN-melanin by a C-type lectin receptor is required for immunity to Aspergillus
The C-type lectin receptor MelLec recognizes DHN-melanin in conidial spores of Aspergillus fumigatus and other DHN-melanized fungi, revealing an important role for this receptor in antifungal immunity in both mice and humans.
Mark H. T. Stappers, Alexandra E. Clark, Vishukumar Aimanianda et al. | EWS–FLI1 increases transcription to cause R-loops and block BRCA1 repair in Ewing sarcoma
The EWS–FLI1 fusion protein, expressed in Ewing sarcoma, increases global transcription, causes accumulation of R loops and replication stress, and impairs BRCA1-mediated repair.
Aparna Gorthi, July Carolina Romero, Eva Loranc et al. | Epigenetic reprogramming enables the transition from primordial germ cell to gonocyte
Gonadal germline epigenetic reprogramming involves an interplay between DNA methylation, the polycomb complex and Tet1 in both DNA methylation dependent and independent roles, to ensure the activation of a specific subset of genes critical for progression of gametogenesis.
Peter W. S. Hill, Harry G. Leitch, Cristina E. Requena et al. | Gating mechanisms of acid-sensing ion channels
X-ray and cryo-electron microscopy structures of the acid-sensing ion channel ASIC1a reveal the molecular mechanisms of channel gating and desensitization.
Nate Yoder, Craig Yoshioka, Eric Gouaux | | | | | | Shimadzu's Clinical Laboratory Automation Module, a fully integrated sample pretreatment module for LC-MS/MS, automatically performs all of the processes necessary for analyzing blood and other biological samples, providing more precise results by reducing human error and improving laboratory safety and efficiency.
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