Science X Newsletter Week 46

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Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for week 46:

	New study suggests it may be fructan, not gluten, that is upsetting people's stomachs (Phys.org)—A team of researchers with several members from the University of Oslo in Norway and one with Monash University in Australia has found that the familiar bloating many people experience after eating foods containing wheat may be due to sensitivity to fructan, not gluten, as is commonly believed. In their paper published in the journal Gastroenterology, the group describes experiments they conducted with volunteers eating foods with and without fructan and gluten and what they found.
	Gravitational waves from merging supermassive black holes will be spotted within 10 years, study predicts Astronomers won't have to wait much longer for their first glimpse of one of the biggest types of unions in the cosmos. New research published November 13 in Nature Astronomy predicts that gravitational waves generated by the merger of two supermassive black holes will be detected within 10 years. The study is the first to use real data, rather than computer simulations, to predict when such an observation will be made.
	15,000 scientists in 184 countries warn about negative global environmental trends Human well-being will be severely jeopardized by negative trends in some types of environmental harm, such as a changing climate, deforestation, loss of access to fresh water, species extinctions and human population growth, scientists warn in today's issue of BioScience, an international journal.
	Engineers create stable plasma ring in open air For the first time, engineers at Caltech have created a stable ring of plasma in open air—essentially capturing lightning in a bottle, but without the bottle.
	High blood pressure is redefined as 130, not 140: US guidelines (Update) High blood pressure was redefined Monday by the American Heart Association, which said the disease should be treated sooner, when it reaches 130/80 mm Hg, not the previous limit of 140/90.
	Neuroscience research provides evidence the brain is strobing, not constant It's not just our eyes that play tricks on us, but our ears. That's the finding of a landmark Australian-Italian collaboration that provides new evidence that oscillations, or 'strobes', are a general feature of human perception.
	Multiplayer video games: Researchers discover link between skill and intelligence Researchers at the University of York have discovered a link between young people's ability to perform well at two popular video games and high levels of intelligence.
	Exercise maintains brain size, new research finds Aerobic exercise can improve memory function and maintain brain health as we age, a new Australian-led study has found.
	Kevlar-based artificial cartilage mimics the magic of the real thing The unparalleled liquid strength of cartilage, which is about 80 percent water, withstands some of the toughest forces on our bodies.
	Dog ownership linked to lower mortality A team of Swedish scientists have used national registries of more than 3.4 million Swedes aged 40 to 80 to study the association between dog ownership and cardiovascular health. Their study shows that dog owners had a lower risk of death due to cardiovascular disease or to other causes during the 12-year follow-up.
	Engineering the gut microbiome with 'good' bacteria may help treat Crohn's disease Penn Medicine researchers have singled out a bacterial enzyme behind an imbalance in the gut microbiome linked to Crohn's disease. The new study, published online this week in Science Translational Medicine, suggests that wiping out a significant portion of the bacteria in the gut microbiome, and then re-introducing a certain type of "good" bacteria that lacks this enzyme, known as urease, may be an effective approach to better treat these diseases.
	Donkeys need more protection from winter than horses Donkeys are not as able to keep warm as horses in the UK's cold, damp winters, according to a new study.
	Trump pullout from climate pact means even hotter world: report US President Donald Trump's pullout from the Paris Agreement will push up global temperatures nearly half a degree Celsius (0.9 degrees Fahrenheit) by 2100, according to a report released Wednesday at UN climate talks in Bonn.
	Researchers take next step toward fusion energy Fusion is the process that powers the sun, harnessing it on Earth would provide unlimited clean energy. However, researchers say that constructing a fusion power plant has proven to be a daunting task, in no small part because there have been no materials that could survive the grueling conditions found in the core of a fusion reactor. Now, researchers at Texas A&M University have discovered a way to make materials that may be suitable for use in future fusion reactors.
	Scientists reverse diabetes in a mouse model using modified blood stem cells Researchers at Boston Children's Hospital have successfully reversed type 1 diabetes in a mouse model by infusing blood stem cells pre-treated to produce more of a protein called PD-L1, which is deficient in mice (and people) with type 1 diabetes. The cells curbed the autoimmune reaction in cells from both mice and humans and reversed hyperglycemia in diabetic mice.
	The brain auditions different cells when learning a task, some don't make the cut For decades, neuroscientists have wondered how the brain can continue to learn new skills without needing to grow in size or volume over a person's lifetime. Evidence suggests that the number of brain cells - such as neurons and glial cells - does initially increase as we're learning, but many are eventually pruned away or assigned to other roles. Researchers in Germany and Sweden present this theory November 14 in the review journal Trends in Cognitive Sciences.
	New mirror reflects light differently than conventional mirrors (Phys.org)—Researchers have designed a new type of mirror that reflects light in a completely different way than conventional mirrors do. The new mirror, called a chiral meta-mirror, has potential applications for information processing with light, next-generation 3-D movies, and other technologies that manipulate light in novel ways.
	New mechanisms discovered that bacteria use to protect themselves from antibiotics Antibiotic resistance happens when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the drugs which are used to treat infections.
	Biologists create beetle with functional extra eye On "Game of Thrones," a three-eyed raven holds the secrets of the past, present and future in a vast fantasy kingdom. But for real-world biologists, a "three-eyed beetle" may offer a true glimpse into the future of studying evolutionary development.
	US scientists try first gene editing in the body Scientists for the first time have tried editing a gene inside the body in a bold attempt to permanently change a person's DNA to try to cure a disease.

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