Scientific Reports Biology Table of Contents e-alert: 14 March 2017

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14 March 2017      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports               nature.com webcasts Join us for our upcoming webcast followed by live Q&A: NEW INNOVATIONS IN DRUG DELIVERY TECHNOLOGY  Presented by BioPharma Dealmakers Date: Wednesday, March 29, 2017 Time: 8AM PDT | 11AM EDT | 4PM BST | 5PM CEST REGISTER FOR FREE Sponsored by: Corium International | Portal Instruments Inc. | TissueGen Inc. | TrioxNano                 Biological Sciences               Corrigendum: An automated approach to prepare tissue-derived spatially barcoded RNA-sequencing libraries ▶     Anders Jemt, Fredrik Salmén, Anna Lundmark et al.                 Corrigendum: The Southampton-York Natural Scenes (SYNS) dataset: Statistics of surface attitude ▶     Wendy J. Adams, James H. Elder, Erich W. Graf et al.                 Metabolomics of the tick-Borrelia interaction during the nymphal tick blood meal ▶     J. Charles Hoxmeier, Amy C. Fleshman, Corey D. Broeckling et al.     The causal agents of Lyme disease in North America, Borrelia burgdorferi and Borrelia mayonii, are transmitted primarily by Ixodes scapularis ticks. Due to their limited …             Single Molecule Investigation of Kinesin-1 Motility Using Engineered Microtubule Defects ▶     Michael W. Gramlich, Leslie Conway, Winnie H. Liang et al.     The structure of the microtubule is tightly regulated in cells via a number of microtubule associated proteins and enzymes. Microtubules accumulate structural defects during …             De novo and reference transcriptome assembly of transcripts expressed during flowering provide insight into seed setting in tetraploid red clover ▶     Mallikarjuna Rao Kovi, Helga Amdahl, Muath Alsheikh et al.     Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is one of the most important legume forage species in temperate livestock agriculture. Tetraploid red clover cultivars are generally producing …             Plumbagin sensitizes breast cancer cells to tamoxifen-induced cell death through GRP78 inhibition and Bik upregulation ▶     Anna Kawiak, Anna Domachowska, Anna Jaworska et al.     The glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78) is a major chaperone of the endoplasmic reticulum, and a prosurvival component of the unfolded protein response. GRP78 is upregulated in …             Enlightening discriminative network functional modules behind Principal Component Analysis separation in differential-omic science studies ▶     Sara Ciucci, Yan Ge, Claudio Durán et al.     Omic science is rapidly growing and one of the most employed techniques to explore differential patterns in omic datasets is principal component analysis (PCA). However, a method …             Crystal structures reveal N-terminal Domain of Arabidopsis thaliana ClpD to be highly divergent from that of ClpC1 ▶     Chinmayee Mohapatra, Manas Kumar Jagdev, Dileep Vasudevan     The caseinolytic protease machinery associated chaperone protein ClpC is known to be present in bacteria, plants and other eukaryotes, whereas ClpD is unique to plants. Plant …             Structural reorganization of the fungal endoplasmic reticulum upon induction of mycotoxin biosynthesis ▶     Marike Johanne Boenisch, Karen Lisa Broz, Samuel Owen Purvine et al.     Compartmentalization of metabolic pathways to particular organelles is a hallmark of eukaryotic cells. Knowledge of the development of organelles and attendant pathways under …             Taishan Pinus massoniana pollen polysaccharide inhibits subgroup J avian leucosis virus infection by directly blocking virus infection and improving immunity ▶     Cuilian Yu, Kai Wei, Liping Liu et al.     Subgroup J avian leucosis virus (ALV-J) generally causes neoplastic diseases, immunosuppression and subsequently increases susceptibility to secondary infection in birds. The …             NLRX1 accelerates cisplatin-induced ototoxity in HEI-OC1 cells via promoting generation of ROS and activation of JNK signaling pathway ▶     Haiyan Yin, Gaoying Sun, Qianqian Yang et al.     Nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich-repeat-containing family member X1 (NLRX1), located in mitochondria, can recognize cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptors and is …             Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans is the predominant chytrid fungus in Vietnamese salamanders ▶     Alexandra E. Laking, Hai Ngoc Ngo, Frank Pasmans et al.     The amphibian chytrid fungi, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) and B. salamandrivorans (Bsal), pose a major threat to amphibian biodiversity. Recent evidence suggests Southeast …             Influence of substrate modulus on gecko adhesion ▶     Mena R. Klittich, Michael C. Wilson, Craig Bernard et al.     The gecko adhesion system fascinates biologists and materials scientists alike for its strong, reversible, glue-free, dry adhesion. Understanding the adhesion system’s …             Visual detection and differentiation of Classic Swine Fever Virus strains using nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA) and G-quadruplex DNAzyme assay ▶     Xiaolu Lu, Xueyao Shi, Gege Wu et al.     The split G-quadruplex DNAzyme has emerged as a valuable tool for visual DNA detection. Here, we successfully integrated colorimetric split G-quadruplex DNAzyme assay with …             Targeted mutagenesis in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) using the CRISPR/Cas9 system ▶     Xiugui Chen, Xuke Lu, Na Shu et al.     The CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats)/Cas9 system has been widely used for genome editing in various plants because of its simplicity, high …             PET Cell Tracking Using 18F-FLT is Not Limited by Local Reuptake of Free Radiotracer ▶     Mark G. MacAskill, Adriana S. Tavares, Junxi Wu et al.     Assessing the retention of cell therapies following implantation is vital and often achieved by labelling cells with 2′-[18F]-fluoro-2′-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-FDG). However, this …             Behavior of DNA-lacking mitochondria in Entamoeba histolytica revealed by organelle transplant ▶     Makoto Kazama, Sanae Ogiwara, Takashi Makiuchi et al.     The anaerobic protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica has mitosomes that are mitochondria lacking some canonical functions and organelle DNA. Mitosomes play an important role in …             Three-dimensional structures of the tracheal systems of Anopheles sinensis and Aedes togoi pupae ▶     Young-Ran Ha, Eunseop Yeom, Jeongeun Ryu et al.     Mosquitoes act as a vector for the transmission of disease. The World Health Organization has recommended strict control of mosquito larvae because of their “few, fixed, and …             Asymmetry of short-term control of spatio-temporal gait parameters during treadmill walking ▶     Klaudia Kozlowska, Miroslaw Latka, Bruce J. West     Optimization of energy cost determines average values of spatio-temporal gait parameters such as step duration, step length or step speed. However, during walking, humans need to …             Quality of seminal fluids varies with type of stimulus at ejaculation ▶     E. Jeannerat, F. Janett, H. Sieme et al.     The theory of ejaculate economics was mainly built around different sperm competition scenarios but also predicts that investments into ejaculates depend on female fecundity. …             Effects of Cdh23 single nucleotide substitutions on age-related hearing loss in C57BL/6 and 129S1/Sv mice and comparisons with congenic strains ▶     Kenneth R. Johnson, Cong Tian, Leona H. Gagnon et al.     A single nucleotide variant (SNV) of the cadherin 23 gene (Cdh23c.753A), common to many inbred mouse strains, accelerates age-related hearing loss (AHL) and can worsen auditory …             Tool use for corpse cleaning in chimpanzees ▶     Edwin J. C. van Leeuwen, Katherine A. Cronin, Daniel B. M. Haun     For the first time, chimpanzees have been observed using tools to clean the corpse of a deceased group member. A female chimpanzee sat down at the dead body of a young male, …             A new group of glycoside hydrolase family 13 α-amylases with an aberrant catalytic triad ▶     Fean D. Sarian, Štefan Janeček, Tjaard Pijning et al.     α-Amylases are glycoside hydrolase enzymes that act on the α(1→4) glycosidic linkages in glycogen, starch, and related α-glucans, and are ubiquitously present in Nature. Most …             Characterization of long and stable de novo single alpha-helix domains provides novel insight into their stability ▶     Marcin Wolny, Matthew Batchelor, Gail J. Bartlett et al.     Naturally-occurring single α-helices (SAHs), are rich in Arg (R), Glu (E) and Lys (K) residues, and stabilized by multiple salt bridges. Understanding how salt bridges promote …             The redox environment triggers conformational changes and aggregation of hIAPP in Type II Diabetes ▶     Diana C. Rodriguez Camargo, Konstantinos Tripsianes, Katalin Buday et al.     Type II diabetes (T2D) is characterized by diminished insulin production and resistance of cells to insulin. Among others, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a principal factor …             The invasive pest Drosophila suzukii uses trans-generational medication to resist parasitoid attack ▶     M. Poyet, P. Eslin, O. Chabrerie et al.     Animal medication is a behavioral strategy to resist enemies based on the use of substances from the environment. While it has been observed in several animals, whether invasive …             Cooperative growth of Geobacter sulfurreducens and Clostridium pasteurianum with subsequent metabolic shift in glycerol fermentation ▶     Roman Moscoviz, Florence de Fouchécour, Gaëlle Santa-Catalina et al.     Interspecies electron transfer is a common way to couple metabolic energy balances between different species in mixed culture consortia. Direct interspecies electron transfer …             Pitch discrimination associated with phonological awareness: Evidence from congenital amusia ▶     Yanan Sun, Xuejing Lu, Hao Tam Ho et al.     Research suggests that musical skills are associated with phonological abilities. To further investigate this association, we examined whether phonological impairments are …             Spatial confluence of psychological and anatomical network constructs in the human brain revealed by a mass meta-analysis of fMRI activation ▶     William Hedley Thompson, Peter Fransson     It is well-known that the brain’s activity is organized into networks but it is unclear how many networks exist. Additionally, there is also a risk of ambiguity since different …             Activated full-length myosin-X moves processively on filopodia with large steps toward diverse two-dimensional directions ▶     Osamu Sato, Hyun Suk Jung, Satoshi Komatsu et al.     Myosin-X, (Myo 10), is an unconventional myosin that transports the specific cargos to filopodial tips, and is associated with the mechanism underlying filopodia formation and …             Endogenous TNFα orchestrates the trafficking of neutrophils into and within lymphatic vessels during acute inflammation ▶     Samantha Arokiasamy, Christian Zakian, Jessica Dilliway et al.     Neutrophils are recognised to play a pivotal role at the interface between innate and acquired immunities following their recruitment to inflamed tissues and lymphoid organs. …             A High-Concentrate Diet Induced Milk Fat Decline via Glucagon-Mediated Activation of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase in Dairy Cows ▶     Lin Li, Yang Cao, Zhenglu Xie et al.     Dairy cows are often fed a high-concentrate (HC) diet to meet lactation demands; however, long-term concentrate feeding is unhealthy and decreases milk fat. Therefore, we …             Novel enhancement mechanism of tyrosine hydroxylase enzymatic activity by nitric oxide through S-nitrosylation ▶     Yuanyuan Wang, Chun Chau Sung, Kenny K. K. Chung     Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is a rate-limiting step enzyme in the synthesis of catecholamines. Catecholamines function both as hormone and neurotransmitters in the peripheral and …             Aboriginal Australian mitochondrial genome variation – an increased understanding of population antiquity and diversity ▶     Nano Nagle, Mannis van Oven, Stephen Wilcox et al.     Aboriginal Australians represent one of the oldest continuous cultures outside Africa, with evidence indicating that their ancestors arrived in the ancient landmass of Sahul …             Hyaluronan synthesis by developing cortical neurons in vitro ▶     Tania M. Fowke, Rashika N. Karunasinghe, Ji-Zhong Bai et al.     Hyaluronan is a linear glycosaminoglycan that forms the backbone of perineuronal nets around neurons in the cerebral cortex. However, it remains controversial whether neurons are …             Myricitrin Alleviates Oxidative Stress-induced Inflammation and Apoptosis and Protects Mice against Diabetic Cardiomyopathy ▶     Bin Zhang, Qiang Shen, Yaping Chen et al.     Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) has been increasingly considered as a main cause of heart failure and death in diabetic patients. At present, no effective treatment exists to …             Loss of Centromere Cohesion in Aneuploid Human Oocytes Correlates with Decreased Kinetochore Localization of the Sac Proteins Bub1 and Bubr1 ▶     Julie Lagirand-Cantaloube, Cendrine Ciabrini, Sophie Charrasse et al.     In human eggs, aneuploidy increases with age and can result in infertility and genetic diseases. Studies in mouse oocytes suggest that reduced centromere cohesion and spindle …             Killing of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella enteritidis and neutralization of lipopolysaccharide by 17-residue bovine lactoferricins: improved activity of Trp/Ala-containing molecules ▶     Ya Hao, Na Yang, Xiumin Wang et al.     Bovine lactoferricin (LfcinB) has potent antibacterial, antifungal and antiparasitic activities but is also hemolytic. Our objective was to identify LfcinB17-31 derivatives with …             Worldwide circulation of HSV-2 × HSV-1 recombinant strains ▶     David M. Koelle, Peter Norberg, Matthew P. Fitzgibbon et al.     Homo sapiens harbor two distinct, medically significant species of simplexviruses, herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 and HSV-2, with estimated divergence 6–8 million years ago (MYA). …             HDL Glycoprotein Composition and Site-Specific Glycosylation Differentiates Between Clinical Groups and Affects IL-6 Secretion in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Monocytes ▶     Sridevi Krishnan, Michiko Shimoda, Romina Sacchi et al.     The goal of this pilot study was to determine whether HDL glycoprotein composition affects HDL’s immunomodulatory function. HDL were purified from healthy controls (n = 13), …             Small Molecule-Induced Domain Swapping as a Mechanism for Controlling Protein Function and Assembly ▶     Joshua M. Karchin, Jeung-Hoi Ha, Kevin E. Namitz et al.     Domain swapping is the process by which identical proteins exchange reciprocal segments to generate dimers. Here we introduce induced domain swapping (INDOS) as a mechanism for …             Enhanced osteogenesis and angiogenesis by mesoporous hydroxyapatite microspheres-derived simvastatin sustained release system for superior bone regeneration ▶     Wei-Lin Yu, Tuan-Wei Sun, Chao Qi et al.     Biomaterials with both excellent osteogenic and angiogenic activities are desirable to repair massive bone defects. In this study, simvastatin with both osteogenic and angiogenic …             A ‘Disease Severity Index’ to identify individuals with Subjective Memory Decline who will progress to mild cognitive impairment or dementia ▶     Daniel Ferreira, Farshad Falahati, Cecilia Linden et al.     Subjective memory decline (SMD) is a heterogeneous condition. While SMD might be the earliest sign of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), it also occurs in aging and various neurological, …             A Dual Pathogenic Mechanism Links Tau Acetylation to Sporadic Tauopathy ▶     Hanna Trzeciakiewicz, Jui-Heng Tseng, Connor M. Wander et al.     Tau acetylation has recently emerged as a dominant post-translational modification (PTM) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and related tauopathies. Mass spectrometry studies indicate …             Linking the Belowground Microbial Composition, Diversity and Activity to Soilborne Disease Suppression and Growth Promotion of Tomato Amended with Biochar ▶     Amit K. Jaiswal, Yigal Elad, Indira Paudel et al.     Biochar, in addition to sequestering carbon, ameliorating soil, and improving plant performance, can impact foliar and soilborne plant diseases. Nevertheless, the mechanisms …             Subjective experience of difficulty depends on multiple cues ▶     Kobe Desender, Filip Van Opstal, Eva Van den Bussche     Human cognition is characterized by subjective experiences that go along with our actions, but the nature and stability of these experiences remain largely unclear. In the …             MiR-153 Regulates Amelogenesis by Targeting Endocytotic and Endosomal/lysosomal Pathways–Novel Insight into the Origins of Enamel Pathologies ▶     Kaifeng Yin, Wenting Lin, Jing Guo et al.     Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is group of inherited disorders resulting in enamel pathologies. The involvement of epigenetic regulation in the pathogenesis of AI is yet to be …             Angiopoietin-like 4 Mediates Colonic Inflammation by Regulating Chemokine Transcript Stability via Tristetraprolin ▶     Terri Phua, Ming Keat Sng, Eddie Han Pin Tan et al.     Many gastrointestinal diseases exhibit a protracted and aggravated inflammatory response that can lead to hypercytokinaemia, culminating in extensive tissue damage. Recently, …             Functional interactors of three genome-wide association study genes are differentially expressed in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease lung tissue ▶     Jarrett D. Morrow, Xiaobo Zhou, Taotao Lao et al.     In comparison to genome-wide association studies (GWAS), there has been poor replication of gene expression studies in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We performed …             A codon-shuffling method to prevent reversion during production of replication-defective herpesvirus stocks: Implications for herpesvirus vaccines ▶     Gang Li, Charles Ward, Rukhsana Yeasmin et al.     Herpesviruses establish life-long chronic infections that place infected hosts at risk for severe disease. Herpesvirus genomes readily undergo homologous recombination (HR) …             Physiological Mechanisms Only Tell Half Story: Multiple Biological Processes are involved in Regulating Freezing Tolerance of Imbibed Lactuca sativa Seeds ▶     Ganesh K. Jaganathan, Yingying Han, Weijie Li et al.     The physiological mechanisms by which imbibed seeds survive freezing temperatures in their natural environment have been categorized as freezing avoidance by supercooling and …             Restoring the impaired cardiac calcium homeostasis and cardiac function in iron overload rats by the combined deferiprone and N-acetyl cysteine ▶     Suwakon Wongjaikam, Sirinart Kumfu, Juthamas Khamseekaew et al.     Intracellular calcium [Ca2+]i dysregulation plays an important role in the pathophysiology of iron overload cardiomyopathy. Although either iron chelators or antioxidants provide …             Novel computational method for predicting polytherapy switching strategies to overcome tumor heterogeneity and evolution ▶     Vanessa D. Jonsson, Collin M. Blakely, Luping Lin et al.     The success of targeted cancer therapy is limited by drug resistance that can result from tumor genetic heterogeneity. The current approach to address resistance typically …             Bystander cells enhance NK cytotoxic efficiency by reducing search time ▶     Xiao Zhou, Renping Zhao, Karsten Schwarz et al.     Natural killer (NK) cells play a central role during innate immune responses by eliminating pathogen-infected or tumorigenic cells. In the microenvironment, NK cells encounter …             Neurovascular microcirculatory vasodilation mediated by C-fibers and Transient receptor potential vanilloid-type-1 channels (TRPV 1) is impaired in type 1 diabetes ▶     P. Marche, S. Dubois, P. Abraham et al.     Microvascular dysfunction may have an early onset in type 1 diabetes (T1D) and can precede major complications. Our objectives were to assess the endothelial-dependent …             CRISPR/Cas9-generated p47phox-deficient cell line for Chronic Granulomatous Disease gene therapy vector development ▶     Dominik Wrona, Ulrich Siler, Janine Reichenbach     Development of gene therapy vectors requires cellular models reflecting the genetic background of a disease thus allowing for robust preclinical vector testing. For human p47phox…             Chitosan nerve conduits seeded with autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells for 30 mm goat peroneal nerve defect ▶     Aikeremujiang Muheremu, Lin Chen, Xiyuan Wang et al.     In the current research, to find if the combination of chitosan nerve conduits seeded with autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) can be used to bridge 30 mm long …             Synergistic Degradation of a Hyperuricemia-Causing Metabolite Using One-Pot Enzyme-Nanozyme Cascade Reactions ▶     Secheon Jung, Inchan Kwon     Multi-enzyme cascade reactions are frequently found in living organisms, in particular when an intermediate should be eliminated. Recently, enzyme-mimic nanomaterials (nanozymes) …             Optimizing non-invasive radiofrequency hyperthermia treatment for improving drug delivery in 4T1 mouse breast cancer model ▶     Matthew J. Ware, Martyna Krzykawska-Serda, Jason Chak-Shing Ho et al.     Interactions of high-frequency radio waves (RF) with biological tissues are currently being investigated as a therapeutic platform for non-invasive cancer hyperthermia therapy. …             Heterogeneity assessment of functional T cell avidity ▶     Kalliopi Ioannidou, Petra Baumgaertner, Philippe O. Gannon et al.     The potency of cellular immune responses strongly depends on T cell avidity to antigen. Yet, functional avidity measurements are rarely performed in patients, mainly due to the …             Biofunctionalized 3-D Carbon Nano-Network Platform for Enhanced Fibroblast Cell Adhesion ▶     A. K. M. Rezaul Haque Chowdhury, Amirhossein Tavangar, Bo Tan et al.     Carbon nanomaterials have been investigated for various biomedical applications. In most cases, however, these nanomaterials must be functionalized biologically or chemically due …             Using Delaunay triangulation and Voronoi tessellation to predict the toxicities of binary mixtures containing hormetic compound ▶     Rui Qu, Shu-Shen Liu, Qiao-Feng Zheng et al.     Concentration addition (CA) was proposed as a reasonable default approach for the ecological risk assessment of chemical mixtures. However, CA cannot predict the toxicity of …             Blockade of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors by tivozanib has potential anti-tumour effects on human glioblastoma cells ▶     Majid Momeny, Farima Moghaddaskho, Narges K. Gortany et al.     Glioblastoma (GBM) remains one of the most fatal human malignancies due to its high angiogenic and infiltrative capacities. Even with optimal therapy including surgery, …             Multivariate simulation framework reveals performance of multi-trait GWAS methods ▶     Heather F. Porter, Paul F. O’Reilly     Burgeoning availability of genome-wide association study (GWAS) results and national biobank data has led to growing interest in performing multi-trait genetic analyses. Numerous …             A novel strategy for clustering major depression individuals using whole-genome sequencing variant data ▶     Chenglong Yu, Bernhard T. Baune, Julio Licinio et al.     Major depressive disorder (MDD) is highly prevalent, resulting in an exceedingly high disease burden. The identification of generic risk factors could lead to advance prevention …             Fluorogenic Peptide Substrate for Quantification of Bacterial Enzyme Activities ▶     Ismail H. Al-Abdullah, Karine Bagramyan, Shiela Bilbao et al.     A novel peptide substrate (A G G P L G P P G P G G) was developed for quantifying the activities of bacterial enzymes using a highly sensitive Fluorescence Resonance Energy …             AKT1 and AKT2 isoforms play distinct roles during breast cancer progression through the regulation of specific downstream proteins ▶     Marina Riggio, María C. Perrone, María L. Polo et al.     The purpose of this study was to elucidate the mechanisms associated with the specific effects of AKT1 and AKT2 isoforms in breast cancer progression. We modulated the abundance …             Assessing the risk of an emerging zoonosis of worldwide concern: anisakiasis ▶     Miguel Bao, Graham J. Pierce, Santiago Pascual et al.     Anisakiasis is an emerging zoonosis caused by the fish parasitic nematode Anisakis. Spain appears to have the highest reported incidence in Europe and marinated anchovies are …             New insights into the intracellular distribution pattern of cationic amphiphilic drugs ▶     Magdalena Vater, Leonhard Möckl, Vanessa Gormanns et al.     Cationic amphiphilic drugs (CADs) comprise a wide variety of different substance classes such as antidepressants, antipsychotics, and antiarrhythmics. It is well recognized that …             Unprecedented large inverted repeats at the replication terminus of circular bacterial chromosomes suggest a novel mode of chromosome rescue ▶     Hela El Kafsi, Valentin Loux, Mahendra Mariadassou et al.     The first Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus genome sequence revealed the presence of a very large inverted repeat (IR), a DNA sequence arrangement which thus far seemed …             A high-density SNP genetic map consisting of a complete set of homologous groups in autohexaploid sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) ▶     Kenta Shirasawa, Masaru Tanaka, Yasuhiro Takahata et al.     Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) is an autohexaploid species with 90 chromosomes (2n = 6x = 90) and a basic chromosome number of 15, and is therefore regarded as one of the most …             Genetic architecture of threshold reaction norms for male alternative reproductive tactics in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) ▶     Olivier Lepais, Aurélie Manicki, Stéphane Glise et al.     Alternative mating tactics have important ecological and evolutionary implications and are determined by complex interactions between environmental and genetic factors. Here, we …             Heart rate variability indicates emotional value during pro-social economic laboratory decisions with large external validity ▶     Jonas Fooken     The present study investigates the external validity of emotional value measured in economic laboratory experiments by using a physiological indicator of stress, heart rate …             A GCSFR/CSF3R zebrafish mutant models the persistent basal neutrophil deficiency of severe congenital neutropenia ▶     Vahid Pazhakh, Sharon Clark, M. Cristina Keightley et al.     Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) and its receptor (GCSFR), also known as CSF3 and CSF3R, are required to maintain normal neutrophil numbers during basal and emergency …             Identification of the Beer Component Hordenine as Food-Derived Dopamine D2 Receptor Agonist by Virtual Screening a 3D Compound Database ▶     Thomas Sommer, Harald Hübner, Ahmed El Kerdawy et al.     The dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) is involved in food reward and compulsive food intake. The present study developed a virtual screening (VS) method to identify food components, …             Mona Lisa is always happy – and only sometimes sad ▶     Emanuela Liaci, Andreas Fischer, Markus Heinrichs et al.     The worldwide fascination of da Vinci’s Mona Lisa has been dedicated to the emotional ambiguity of her face expression. In the present study we manipulated Mona Lisa’s mouth …             Auto-phosphorylation Represses Protein Kinase R Activity ▶     Die Wang, Nicole A. de Weerd, Belinda Willard et al.     The central role of protein kinases in controlling disease processes has spurred efforts to develop pharmaceutical regulators of their activity. A rational strategy to achieve …             Visualising recalcitrance by colocalisation of cellulase, lignin and cellulose in pretreated pine biomass using fluorescence microscopy ▶     Lloyd Donaldson, Alankar Vaidya     Mapping the location of bound cellulase enzymes provides information on the micro-scale distribution of amenable and recalcitrant sites in pretreated woody biomass for biofuel …             Genetic interactions and functional analyses of the fission yeast gsk3 and amk2 single and double mutants defective in TORC1-dependent processes ▶     Charalampos Rallis, StJohn Townsend, Jürg Bähler     The Target of Rapamycin (TOR) signalling network plays important roles in aging and disease. The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and the Gsk3 kinase inhibit TOR during …             Human Endometrial Stromal Cells Are Highly Permissive To Productive Infection by Zika Virus ▶     Isabel Pagani, Silvia Ghezzi, Adele Ulisse et al.     Zika virus (ZIKV) is a recently re-emerged flavivirus transmitted to humans by mosquito bites but also from mother to fetus and by sexual intercourse. We here show that primary …             Lah is a transmembrane protein and requires Spa10 for stable positioning of Woronin bodies at the septal pore of Aspergillus fumigatus ▶     Yannik Leonhardt, Sara Carina Kakoschke, Johannes Wagener et al.     Woronin bodies are specialized, fungal-specific organelles that enable an immediate closure of septal pores after injury to protect hyphae from excessive cytoplasmic bleeding. In …             Visualizing Adsorption of Cyanophage P-SSP7 onto Marine Prochlorococcus ▶     Kazuyoshi Murata, Qinfen Zhang, Jesús Gerardo Galaz-Montoya et al.     Marine cyanobacteria perform roughly a quarter of global carbon fixation, and cyanophages that infect them liberate some of this carbon during infection and cell lysis. Studies …             Bacterial persistence induced by salicylate via reactive oxygen species ▶     Tiebin Wang, Imane El Meouche, Mary J. Dunlop     Persisters are phenotypic variants of regular cells that exist in a dormant state with low metabolic activity, allowing them to exhibit high tolerance to antibiotics. Despite …             Albedo feedbacks to future climate via climate change impacts on dryland biocrusts ▶     William A. Rutherford, Thomas H. Painter, Scott Ferrenberg et al.     Drylands represent the planet’s largest terrestrial biome and evidence suggests these landscapes have large potential for creating feedbacks to future climate. Recent studies …             MiR-34a-5p promotes multi-chemoresistance of osteosarcoma through down-regulation of the DLL1 gene ▶     Youguang Pu, Fangfang Zhao, Haiyan Wang et al.     MiR-34a-5p has been implicated in the tumorigenesis and progression of several types of cancer. However, the role of miR-34a-5p in osteosarcoma (OS) remains largely unknown. This …             DNA interference-mediated screening of maternal factors in the chordate Oikopleura dioica ▶     Tatsuya Omotezako, Masaki Matsuo, Takeshi A. Onuma et al.     The maternal contribution to the oocyte cytoplasm plays an important role during embryogenesis because it is involved in early cell fate specification and embryonic axis …             HNF-4 participates in the hibernation-associated transcriptional regulation of the chipmunk hibernation-related protein gene ▶     Daisuke Tsukamoto, Michihiko Ito, Nobuhiko Takamatsu     The chipmunk hibernation-related protein 25 (HP-25) is involved in the circannual control of hibernation in the brain. The liver-specific expression of the HP-25 gene is …             Ecological and genetic impact of the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake Tsunami on intertidal mud snails ▶     Osamu Miura, Gen Kanaya, Shizuko Nakai et al.     Natural disturbances often destroy local populations and can considerably affect the genetic properties of these populations. The 2011 Tohoku Earthquake Tsunami greatly damaged …             Myocardial oxidative damage is induced by cardiac Fas-dependent and mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathways in human cocaine-related overdose ▶     Emanuela Turillazzi, Daniela Cerretani, Santina Cantatore et al.     The aim of this study is to analyse cardiac specimens from human cocaine-related overdose, to verify the hypothesis that cardiac toxicity by acute exposure to high dosage of …             Plectin is a novel regulator for apical extrusion of RasV12-transformed cells ▶     Ailijiang Kadeer, Takeshi Maruyama, Mihoko Kajita et al.     Several lines of evidence have revealed that newly emerging transformed cells are often eliminated from the epithelium, though the underlying molecular mechanisms of this cancer …             EP2 receptor antagonism reduces peripheral and central hyperalgesia in a preclinical mouse model of endometriosis ▶     Erin Greaves, Andrew W. Horne, Helen Jerina et al.     Endometriosis is an incurable gynecological disorder characterized by debilitating pain and the establishment of innervated endometriosis lesions outside the uterus. In a …             Embedding dual function into molecular motors through collective motion ▶     Nen Saito, Kunihiko Kaneko     Protein motors, such as kinesins and dyneins, bind to a microtubule and travel along it in a specific direction. Previously, it was thought that the directionality for a given …             Treating triple negative breast cancer cells with erlotinib plus a select antioxidant overcomes drug resistance by targeting cancer cell heterogeneity ▶     Bin Bao, Cristina Mitrea, Priyanga Wijesinghe et al.     Among breast cancer patients, those diagnosed with the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype have the worst prog-nosis. TNBC does not express estrogen receptor-alpha, …             Sprint-interval but not continuous exercise increases PGC-1α protein content and p53 phosphorylation in nuclear fractions of human skeletal muscle ▶     Cesare Granata, Rodrigo S. F. Oliveira, Jonathan P. Little et al.     Sprint interval training has been reported to induce similar or greater mitochondrial adaptations to continuous training. However, there is limited knowledge about the effects of …             The Adhesion of Lactobacillus salivarius REN to a Human Intestinal Epithelial Cell Line Requires S-layer Proteins ▶     Ran Wang, Lun Jiang, Ming Zhang et al.     Lactobacillus salivarius REN, a novel probiotic isolated from Chinese centenarians, can adhere to intestinal epithelial cells and subsequently colonize the host. We show here …             Exploring RNA conformational space under sparse distance restraints ▶     William R. Taylor, Russell S. Hamilton     We show that the application of a small number of restraints predicted by coevolution analysis can provide a powerful restriction on the conformational freedom of an RNA …             Improved drought tolerance in wheat plants overexpressing a synthetic bacterial cold shock protein gene SeCspA ▶     Tai-Fei Yu, Zhao-Shi Xu, Jin-Kao Guo et al.     Cold shock proteins (CSPs) enhance acclimatization of bacteria to adverse environmental circumstances. The Escherichia coli CSP genes CspA and CspB were modified to …             Proteomic Analysis of Host Cell Protein Dynamics in the Culture Supernatants of Antibody-Producing CHO Cells ▶     Jin Hyoung Park, Jong Hwa Jin, Myung Sin Lim et al.     Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are the most common cell line used for the production of therapeutic proteins including monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Host cell proteins (HCPs), …             Prevalence and magnitude of groundwater use by vegetation: a global stable isotope meta-analysis ▶     Jaivime Evaristo, Jeffrey J. McDonnell     The role of groundwater as a resource in sustaining terrestrial vegetation is widely recognized. But the global prevalence and magnitude of groundwater use by vegetation is …             Feature and motion-based gaze cuing is linked with reduced social competence ▶     Dana A. Hayward, Jelena Ristic     Gaze following is a fundamental ability that plays an important role in human social function. However, the link between these two processes remains elusive. On the one hand, …             Potent pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic molecules, osteopontin and galectin-3, are not major disease modulators of laminin α2 chain-deficient muscular dystrophy ▶     Kinga I. Gawlik, Johan Holmberg, Martina Svensson et al.     A large number of human diseases are caused by chronic tissue injury with fibrosis potentially leading to organ failure. There is a need for more effective anti-fibrotic …             Influence of dairy by-product waste milk on the microbiomes of different gastrointestinal tract components in pre-weaned dairy calves ▶     Y. F. Deng, Y. J. Wang, Y. Zou et al.     The community structure of colonised bacteria in the gastrointestinal tracts (GITs) of pre-weaned calves is affected by extrinsic factors, such as the genetics and diet of the …             Analysis of Campylobacter jejuni infection in the gnotobiotic piglet and genome-wide identification of bacterial factors required for infection ▶     Stefan P. W. de Vries, Aileen Linn, Kareen Macleod et al.     To investigate how Campylobacter jejuni causes the clinical symptoms of diarrhoeal disease in humans, use of a relevant animal model is essential. Such a model should mimic the …             Cumulative effects of suspended sediments, organic nutrients and temperature stress on early life history stages of the coral Acropora tenuis ▶     Adriana Humanes, Gerard F. Ricardo, Bette L. Willis et al.     Coral reproduction is vulnerable to both declining water quality and warming temperatures, with simultaneous exposures likely compounding the negative impact of each stressor. We …             Kinetic 15N-isotope effects on algal growth ▶     Eivydas Andriukonis, Elena Gorokhova     Stable isotope labeling is a standard technique for tracing material transfer in molecular, ecological and biogeochemical studies. The main assumption in this approach is that …             Development of Eco-friendly Soy Protein Isolate Films with High Mechanical Properties through HNTs, PVA, and PTGE Synergism Effect ▶     Xiaorong Liu, Ruyuan Song, Wei Zhang et al.     This study was to develop novel soy protein isolate-based films for packaging using halloysite nanotubes (HNTs), poly-vinyl alcohol (PVA), and 1,2,3-propanetriol-diglycidyl-ether …             Genome-wide copy number variation analysis in a Chinese autism spectrum disorder cohort ▶     Hui Guo, Yu Peng, Zhengmao Hu et al.     Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) describes a group of neurodevelopmental disorders with high heritability, although the underlying genetic determinants of ASDs remain largely …             Association of SCN10A Polymorphisms with the Recurrence of Atrial Fibrillation after Catheter Ablation in a Chinese Han Population ▶     Haiqing Wu, Juan Xu, Songwen Chen et al.     The nonsynonymous SCN10A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs6795970 has been reported to associate with PR interval and atrial fibrillation (AF) and in strong linkage …             A Glycyrrhetinic Acid-Modified Curcumin Supramolecular Hydrogel for liver tumor targeting therapy ▶     Guoqin Chen, Jinliang Li, Yanbin Cai et al.     Curcumin (Cur), a phenolic anti-oxidant compound obtained from Curcuma longa plant, possesses a variety of therapeutic properties. However, it is suffered from its low water …             Reactive oxygen species are required for zoledronic acid-induced apoptosis in osteoclast precursors and mature osteoclast-like cells ▶     Ta-Wei Tai, Ching-Yu Chen, Fong-Chin Su et al.     Inhibiting osteoclasts and osteoclast precursors to reduce bone resorption is an important strategy to treat osteoclast-related diseases, such as osteoporosis, inflammatory bone …             BACE1 across species: a comparison of the in vivo consequences of BACE1 deletion in mice and rats ▶     Martin Weber, Tiffany Wu, William J. Meilandt et al.     Assessing BACE1 (β-site APP cleaving enzyme 1) knockout mice for general health and neurological function may be useful in predicting risks associated with prolonged …             The need for strengthening the influenza virus detection ability of hospital clinical laboratories: an investigation of the 2009 pandemic ▶     Shigui Yang, Yuqing Zhou, Yuanxia Cui et al.     Most hospital clinical laboratories (HCLs) in China are unable to perform influenza virus detection. It remains unclear whether the influenza detection ability of HCLs influences …             Valuation in major depression is intact and stable in a non-learning environment ▶     Dongil Chung, Kelly Kadlec, Jason A. Aimone et al.     The clinical diagnosis and symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD) have been closely associated with impairments in reward processing. In particular, various studies have …             IL-17 induces reactive astrocytes and up-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) through JAK/STAT signaling ▶     Tao You, Yihui Bi, Jun li et al.     Spinal cord injury is a grave neurological disability resulting in neuron degeneration and permanent paralysis. The inflammation triggered by the injury would promote the spinal …             Ibuprofen results in alterations of human fetal testis development ▶     Millissia Ben Maamar, Laurianne Lesné, Kristin Hennig et al.     Among pregnant women ibuprofen is one of the most frequently used pharmaceutical compounds with up to 28% reporting use. Regardless of this, it remains unknown whether ibuprofen …             Rat umbilical cord blood cells attenuate hypoxic–ischemic brain injury in neonatal rats ▶     Keiko Nakanishi, Yoshiaki Sato, Yuka Mizutani et al.     Increasing evidence has suggested that human umbilical cord blood cells (hUCBC) have a favorable effect on hypoxic–ischemic (HI) brain injury. However, the efficacy of using hUC…             Carnosine Attenuates the Development of both Type 2 Diabetes and Diabetic Nephropathy in BTBR ob/ob Mice ▶     Thomas Albrecht, Maaike Schilperoort, Shiqi Zhang et al.     We previously demonstrated that polymorphisms in the carnosinase-1 gene (CNDP1) determine the risk of nephropathy in type 2 diabetic patients. Carnosine, the substrate of the …             Immunogenicity is preferentially induced in sparse dendritic cell cultures ▶     Aikaterini Nasi, Vishnu Priya Bollampalli, Meng Sun et al.     We have previously shown that human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) acquired different characteristics in dense or sparse cell cultures. Sparsity promoted the development …             Biotic and abiotic factors predicting the global distribution and population density of an invasive large mammal ▶     Jesse S. Lewis, Matthew L. Farnsworth, Chris L. Burdett et al.     Biotic and abiotic factors are increasingly acknowledged to synergistically shape broad-scale species distributions. However, the relative importance of biotic and abiotic …             Simple Risk Score for Prediction of Early Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma within the Milan Criteria after Orthotopic Liver Transplantation ▶     Jiliang Feng, Jushan Wu, Ruidong Zhu et al.     Ten to twenty percent of the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients fulfilling the Milan criteria (MC) recurred within three years after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). …             Mitochondrial genomes of the hoverflies Episyrphus balteatus and Eupeodes corollae (Diptera: Syrphidae), with a phylogenetic analysis of Muscomorpha ▶     De-qiang Pu, Hong-ling Liu, Yi-yun Gong et al.     The hoverflies Episyrphus balteatus and Eupeodes corollae (Diptera: Muscomorpha: Syrphidae) are important natural aphid predators. We obtained mitochondrial genome sequences from …             B-Myb Induces APOBEC3B Expression Leading to Somatic Mutation in Multiple Cancers ▶     Wen-Cheng Chou, Wei-Ting Chen, Chia-Ni Hsiung et al.     The key signature of cancer genomes is the accumulation of DNA mutations, the most abundant of which is the cytosine-to-thymine (C-to-T) transition that results from cytosine …             Paired Synchronous Rhythmic Finger Tapping without an External Timing Cue Shows Greater Speed Increases Relative to Those for Solo Tapping ▶     Masahiro Okano, Masahiro Shinya, Kazutoshi Kudo     In solo synchronization-continuation (SC) tasks, intertap intervals (ITI) are known to drift from the initial tempo. It has been demonstrated that people in paired and group …             Modulation of p-eIF2α cellular levels and stress granule assembly/disassembly by trehalose ▶     Pasquale Dimasi, Annamaria Quintiero, Tatyana A. Shelkovnikova et al.     Stress granules (SGs) are an important component of cellular stress response. Compromised assembly of SGs as well as their premature or delayed disassembly affect physiology and …             Mutagenesis and redox partners analysis of the P450 fatty acid decarboxylase OleTJE ▶     Bo Fang, Huifang Xu, Yi Liu et al.     The cytochrome P450 enzyme OleTJE from Jeotgalicoccus sp. ATCC 8456 is capable of converting free long-chain fatty acids into α-alkenes via one-step oxidative decarboxylation in …             Antimicrobial peptide cWFW kills by combining lipid phase separation with autolysis ▶     Kathi Scheinpflug, Michaela Wenzel, Oxana Krylova et al.     The synthetic cyclic hexapeptide cWFW (cyclo(RRRWFW)) has a rapid bactericidal activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Its detailed mode of action has, …             Corrigendum: The green peach aphid Myzus persicae perform better on pre-infested Chinese cabbage Brassica pekinensis by enhancing host plant nutritional quality ▶     He-He Cao, Hui-Ru Liu, Zhan-Feng Zhang et al.                 Corrigendum: Evidence of genotypic adaptation to the exposure to volcanic risk at the dopamine receptor DRD4 locus ▶     Charlotte Faurie, Clement Mettling, Mohamed Ali Bchir et al.                 Alternative exon skipping biases substrate preference of the deubiquitylase USP15 for mysterin/RNF213, the moyamoya disease susceptibility factor ▶     Yuri Kotani, Daisuke Morito, Kenshiro Sakata et al.     The deubiquitylating enzyme USP15 plays significant roles in multiple cellular pathways including TGF-β signaling, RNA splicing, and innate immunity. Evolutionarily conserved …             Suppression of autophagy by mycophenolic acid contributes to inhibition of HCV replication in human hepatoma cells ▶     Shoucai Fang, Jinming Su, Bingyu Liang et al.     Previous studies have shown that mycophenolic acid (MPA) has an anti-HCV activity. However, the mechanism of MPA-mediated inhibition of HCV replication remains to be determined. …             The impact of the RBM4-initiated splicing cascade on modulating the carcinogenic signature of colorectal cancer cells ▶     Jung-Chun Lin, Yuan-Chii Lee, Yu-Chih Liang et al.     A growing body of studies has demonstrated that dysregulated splicing profiles constitute pivotal mechanisms for carcinogenesis. In this study, we identified discriminative …             High-efficient production and biophysical characterisation of nicastrin and its interaction with APPC100 ▶     Kun Yu, Ge Yang, Jörg Labahn     Nicastrin, the largest member among the four components of the γ-secretase complex, has been identified to be the substrate recognizer for the proteolytic activity of the …             A randomized trial and novel SPR technique identifies altered lipoprotein-LDL receptor binding as a mechanism underlying elevated LDL-cholesterol in APOE4s ▶     M. V. Calabuig-Navarro, K. G. Jackson, C. F. Kemp et al.     At a population level APOE4 carriers (~25% Caucasians) are at higher risk of cardiovascular diseases. The penetrance of genotype is however variable and influenced by dietary fat …             Acetylation and phosphorylation control both local and global stability of the chloroplast F1 ATP synthase ▶     Carla Schmidt, Victoria Beilsten-Edmands, Shabaz Mohammed et al.     ATP synthases (ATPases) are enzymes that produce ATP and control the pH in the cell or cellular compartments. While highly conserved over different species, ATPases are …             In vivo longitudinal visualization of bone marrow engraftment process in mouse calvaria using two-photon microscopy ▶     Viet-Hoan Le, Seunghun Lee, Seungwon Lee et al.     Intravital microscopy of mouse calvarial bone marrow (BM) is a powerful method for studying hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and the BM microenvironment at the cellular level. …             Revealing new insights into different phosphorus-starving responses between two maize (Zea mays) inbred lines by transcriptomic and proteomic studies ▶     Huimin Jiang, Jianfeng Zhang, Zhuo Han et al.     Phosphorus (P) is an essential plant nutrient, and deficiency of P is one of the most important factors restricting maize yield. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a more …             The Final (Oral Ebola) Vaccine Trial on Captive Chimpanzees? ▶     Peter D. Walsh, Drishya Kurup, Dana L. Hasselschwert et al.     Could new oral vaccine technologies protect endangered wildlife against a rising tide of infectious disease? We used captive chimpanzees to test oral delivery of a rabies virus …             The effect of cold priming on the fitness of Arabidopsis thaliana accessions under natural and controlled conditions ▶     Jelena Cvetkovic, Klaus Müller, Margarete Baier     Priming improves an organism's performance upon a future stress. To test whether cold priming supports protection in spring and how it is affected by cold acclimation, we …             A norm knockout method on indirect reciprocity to reveal indispensable norms ▶     Hitoshi Yamamoto, Isamu Okada, Satoshi Uchida et al.     Although various norms for reciprocity-based cooperation have been suggested that are evolutionarily stable against invasion from free riders, the process of alternation of norms …             Engineering a vascularised 3D in vitro model of cancer progression ▶     Tarig Magdeldin, Víctor López-Dávila, Judith Pape et al.     The hallmark of tumours is the ability of cancerous cells to promote vascular growth, to disseminate and invade to distant organs. The metastatic process is heavily influenced by …             Diet of land birds along an elevational gradient in Papua New Guinea ▶     Katerina Sam, Bonny Koane, Samuel Jeppy et al.     Food preferences and exploitation are crucial to many aspects of avian ecology and are of increasing importance as we progress in our understanding of community ecology. We …             Image deformation as a cue to material category judgment ▶     Takahiro Kawabe, Rok Kogovšek     Human observers easily recognize complex natural phenomena, such as flowing water, which often generate highly chaotic dynamic arrays of light on the retina. It has not been …             Regulation of molecular clock oscillations and phagocytic activity via muscarinic Ca2+ signaling in human retinal pigment epithelial cells ▶     Rina Ikarashi, Honami Akechi, Yuzuki Kanda et al.     Vertebrate eyes are known to contain circadian clocks, however, the intracellular mechanisms regulating the retinal clockwork remain largely unknown. To address this, we …             Cytochrome P450s in human immune cells regulate IL-22 and c-Kit via an AHR feedback loop ▶     Renate Effner, Julia Hiller, Stefanie Eyerich et al.     The mechanisms how environmental compounds influence the human immune system are unknown. The environmentally sensitive transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) has …             Subliminal stimuli modulate somatosensory perception rhythmically and provide evidence for discrete perception ▶     Thomas J. Baumgarten, Sara Königs, Alfons Schnitzler et al.     Despite being experienced as continuous, there is an ongoing debate if perception is an intrinsically discrete process, with incoming sensory information treated as a succession …             Characterization of Chinese Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus with Novel Insertions and Deletions in Genome ▶     Baochao Fan, Dian Jiao, Xiaona Zhao et al.     Outbreaks of porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV) have caused great economic losses to the global pig industry. PEDV strains with variants in the spike (S) gene have been …             Multimer recognition and secretion by the non-classical secretion pathway in Bacillus subtilis ▶     Liuqun Zhao, Jingqi Chen, Jibin Sun et al.     Non-classical protein secretion in bacteria is a common phenomenon. However, the selection principle for non-classical secretion pathways remains unclear. Here, our experimental …             Major shifts at the range edge of marine forests: the combined effects of climate changes and limited dispersal ▶     J. Assis, E. Berecibar, B. Claro et al.     Global climate change is likely to constrain low latitude range edges across many taxa and habitats. Such is the case for NE Atlantic marine macroalgal forests, important …             Historical range, extirpation and prospects for reintroduction of saigas in China ▶     Shaopeng Cui, E. J. Milner-Gulland, Navinder J. Singh et al.     An assessment of historical distribution patterns and potential reintroduction sites is important for reducing the risk of reintroduction failure of endangered species. The saiga …             Processing of fair and unfair offers in the ultimatum game under social observation ▶     Jutta Peterburs, Rolf Voegler, Roman Liepelt et al.     Social context influences social decisions and outcome processing, partially depending on inter-individual differences. The present study investigated social context-dependent …             Behavioral responses to noxious stimuli shape the perception of pain ▶     Elisabeth S. May, Laura Tiemann, Paul Schmidt et al.     Pain serves vital protective functions. To fulfill these functions, a noxious stimulus might induce a percept which, in turn, induces a behavioral response. Here, we investigated …             A potential regulatory network underlying distinct fate commitment of myogenic and adipogenic cells in skeletal muscle ▶     Wenjuan Sun, Ting He, Chunfu Qin et al.     Mechanism controlling myo-adipogenic balance in skeletal muscle is of great significance for human skeletal muscle dysfunction and myopathies as well as livestock meat quality. …             Coral reef grazer-benthos dynamics complicated by invasive algae in a small marine reserve ▶     Kostantinos A. Stamoulis, Alan M. Friedlander, Carl G. Meyer et al.     Blooms of alien invasive marine algae have become common, greatly altering the health and stability of nearshore marine ecosystems. Concurrently, herbivorous fishes have been …             Vascular transcriptome profiling identifies Sphingosine kinase 1 as a modulator of angiotensin II-induced vascular dysfunction ▶     Mateusz Siedlinski, Ryszard Nosalski, Piotr Szczepaniak et al.     Vascular dysfunction is an important phenomenon in hypertension. We hypothesized that angiotensin II (AngII) affects transcriptome in the vasculature in a region-specific manner, …             Variation-preserving normalization unveils blind spots in gene expression profiling ▶     Carlos P. Roca, Susana I. L. Gomes, Mónica J. B. Amorim et al.     RNA-Seq and gene expression microarrays provide comprehensive profiles of gene activity, but lack of reproducibility has hindered their application. A key challenge in the data …             Erratum: An optimised direct lysis method for gene expression studies on low cell numbers ▶     Anh Viet-Phuong Le, Dexing Huang, Tony Blick et al.                 Extracellular proteasome-osteopontin circuit regulates cell migration with implications in multiple sclerosis ▶     Chiara Dianzani, Elena Bellavista, Juliane Liepe et al.     Osteopontin is a pleiotropic cytokine that is involved in several diseases including multiple sclerosis. Secreted osteopontin is cleaved by few known proteases, modulating its …             Multiunit Activity-Based Real-Time Limb-State Estimation from Dorsal Root Ganglion Recordings ▶     Sungmin Han, Jun-Uk Chu, Hyungmin Kim et al.     Proprioceptive afferent activities could be useful for providing sensory feedback signals for closed-loop control during functional electrical stimulation (FES). However, most …             Homozygosity for the WRN Helicase-Inactivating Variant, R834C, does not confer a Werner syndrome clinical phenotype ▶     Ashwini S. Kamath-Loeb, Diego G. Zavala-van Rankin, Jeny Flores-Morales et al.     Loss-of-function mutations in the WRN helicase gene cause Werner syndrome- a progeroid syndrome with an elevated risk of cancer and other age-associated diseases. Large numbers …             Ascl1 promotes tangential migration and confines migratory routes by induction of Ephb2 in the telencephalon ▶     Yuan-Hsuan Liu, Jin-Wu Tsai, Jia-Long Chen et al.     During development, cortical interneurons generated from the ventral telencephalon migrate tangentially into the dorsal telencephalon. Although Achaete-scute family bHLH …             Accumulation of high OPDA level correlates with reduced ROS and elevated GSH benefiting white cell survival in variegated leaves ▶     Ying-Hsuan Sun, Chiu-Yueh Hung, Jie Qiu et al.     Variegated ‘Marble Queen’ (Epipremnum aureum) plant has white (VMW) and green (VMG) sectors within the same leaf. The white sector cells containing undifferentiated chloroplasts …             NV Proteins of Fish Novirhabdovirus Recruit Cellular PPM1Bb Protein Phosphatase and Antagonize RIG-I-Mediated IFN Induction ▶     Stéphane Biacchesi, Emilie Mérour, Didier Chevret et al.     Non virion (NV) protein expression is critical for fish Novirhabdovirus, viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) and infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV), in vivo …             Robust Identification of Alzheimer’s Disease subtypes based on cortical atrophy patterns ▶     Jong-Yun Park, Han Kyu Na, Sungsoo Kim et al.     Accumulating evidence suggests that Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is heterogenous and can be classified into several subtypes. Here, we propose a robust subtyping method for AD based …             Meprin Metalloproteases Generate Biologically Active Soluble Interleukin-6 Receptor to Induce Trans-Signaling ▶     Philipp Arnold, Inga Boll, Michelle Rothaug et al.     Soluble Interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R) mediated trans-signaling is an important pro-inflammatory stimulus associated with pathological conditions, such as arthritis, …             De novo computational identification of stress-related sequence motifs and microRNA target sites in untranslated regions of a plant translatome ▶     Prabhakaran Munusamy, Yevgen Zolotarov, Louis-Valentin Meteignier et al.     Gene regulation at the transcriptional and translational level leads to diversity in phenotypes and function in organisms. Regulatory DNA or RNA sequence motifs adjacent to the …             Overcoming sorafenib evasion in hepatocellular carcinoma using CXCR4-targeted nanoparticles to co-deliver MEK-inhibitors ▶     Yunching Chen, Ya-Chi Liu, Yun-Chieh Sung et al.     Sorafenib is a RAF inhibitor approved for several cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Inhibition of RAF kinases can induce a dose-dependent “paradoxical” …             Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis induces macrophage miR-294 and miR-721 expression and modulates infection by targeting NOS2 and L-arginine metabolism ▶     Sandra Marcia Muxel, Maria Fernanda Laranjeira-Silva, Ricardo Andrade Zampieri et al.     Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis is an intracellular protozoan parasite responsible for the cutaneous leishmaniasis. The parasite replicates inside mammalian macrophage to …             Regression of devil facial tumour disease following immunotherapy in immunised Tasmanian devils ▶     Cesar Tovar, Ruth J. Pye, Alexandre Kreiss et al.     Devil facial tumour disease (DFTD) is a transmissible cancer devastating the Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii) population. The cancer cell is the ‘infectious’ agent …             Isolation mediates persistent founder effects on zooplankton colonisation in new temporary ponds ▶     Anna Badosa, Dagmar Frisch, Andy J. Green et al.     Understanding the colonisation process in zooplankton is crucial for successful restoration of aquatic ecosystems. Here, we analyzed the clonal and genetic structure of the …             miR-193a-3p interaction with HMGB1 downregulates human endothelial cell proliferation and migration ▶     Cheen P. Khoo, Maria G. Roubelakis, Jack B. Schrader et al.     Circulating endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) contribute to vascular repair where they are a target for therapy. Since ECFC proliferative potential is increased in cord …             The human mitochondrial transcription factor A is a versatile G-quadruplex binding protein ▶     Sébastien Lyonnais, Aleix Tarrés-Soler, Anna Rubio-Cosials et al.     The ability of the guanine-rich strand of the human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to form G-quadruplex structures (G4s) has been recently highlighted, suggesting potential functions …             Ultrasensitive colorimetric detection of circulating tumor DNA using hybridization chain reaction and the pivot of triplex DNA ▶     Ruimin Li, Li Zou, Yanwei Luo et al.     This work presents an amplified colorimetric biosensor for circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), which associates the hybridization chain reaction (HCR) amplification with G-Quadruplex …             Identification of berberine as a direct thrombin inhibitor from traditional Chinese medicine through structural, functional and binding studies ▶     Xing Wang, Yuxin Zhang, Ying Yang et al.     Thrombin acts as a key enzyme in the blood coagulation cascade and represents a potential drug target for the treatment of several cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study …             Variability in statin-induced changes in gene expression profiles of pancreatic cancer ▶     Helena Gbelcová, Silvie Rimpelová, Tomáš Ruml et al.     Statins, besides being powerful cholesterol-lowering drugs, also exert potent anti-proliferative activities. However, their anti-cancer efficacy differs among the individual …             Loss of forebrain MTCH2 decreases mitochondria motility and calcium handling and impairs hippocampal-dependent cognitive functions ▶     Antonella Ruggiero, Etay Aloni, Eduard Korkotian et al.     Mitochondrial Carrier Homolog 2 (MTCH2) is a novel regulator of mitochondria metabolism, which was recently associated with Alzheimer’s disease. Here we demonstrate that deletion …             Bioinspired lignocellulosic films to understand the mechanical properties of lignified plant cell walls at nanoscale ▶     L. Muraille, V. Aguié-Béghin, B. Chabbert et al.     The physicochemical properties of plant fibres are determined by the fibre morphology and structural features of the cell wall, which is composed of three main layers that differ …             Genomic Analyses of Breast Cancer Progression Reveal Distinct Routes of Metastasis Emergence ▶     Anne Bruun Krøigård, Martin Jakob Larsen, Charlotte Brasch-Andersen et al.     A main controversy in cancer research is whether metastatic abilities are present in the most advanced clone of the primary tumor or result from independently acquired …             IGF-1 potentiates sensory innervation signalling by modulating the mitochondrial fission/fusion balance ▶     Yuan Ding, Jianmin Li, Zhen Liu et al.     Restoring the contractile function of long-term denervated skeletal muscle (SKM) cells is difficult due to the long period of denervation, which causes a loss of contractility. …             Computational On-Chip Imaging of Nanoparticles and Biomolecules using Ultraviolet Light ▶     Mustafa Ugur Daloglu, Aniruddha Ray, Zoltan Gorocs et al.     Significant progress in characterization of nanoparticles and biomolecules was enabled by the development of advanced imaging equipment with extreme spatial-resolution and …             Analysis of the common genetic component of large-vessel vasculitides through a meta-Immunochip strategy ▶     F. David Carmona, Patrick Coit, Güher Saruhan-Direskeneli et al.     Giant cell arteritis (GCA) and Takayasu’s arteritis (TAK) are major forms of large-vessel vasculitis (LVV) that share clinical features. To evaluate their genetic similarities, …             Occurrence and functional significance of the transcriptome in bovine (Bos taurus) spermatozoa ▶     Sellappan Selvaraju, Sivashanmugam Parthipan, Lakshminarayana Somashekar et al.     Mammalian spermatozoa deliver various classes of RNAs to the oocyte during fertilization, and many of them may regulate fertility. The objective of the present study was to …             Principal Components Analysis Based Unsupervised Feature Extraction Applied to Gene Expression Analysis of Blood from Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever Patients ▶     Y-h. Taguchi     Dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) sometimes occurs after recovery from the disease caused by Dengue virus (DENV), and is often fatal. However, the mechanism of DHF has not been …             Building a 5-HT3A Receptor Expression Map in the Mouse Brain ▶     Yoshihisa Koyama, Makoto Kondo, Shoichi Shimada     Of the many serotonin receptors, the type 3 receptors (5-HT3R) are the only ionotropic ones, playing a key role in fast synaptic transmission and cognitive and emotional brain …             Experimental assessment of the safety and potential efficacy of high irradiance photostimulation of brain tissues ▶     Senova Suhan, Scisniak Ilona, Chiang Chih-Chieh et al.     Optogenetics is widely used in fundamental neuroscience. Its potential clinical translation for brain neuromodulation requires a careful assessment of the safety and efficacy of …             Three-dimensional Organization of Layered Apical Cytoskeletal Networks Associated with Mouse Airway Tissue Development ▶     Kazuhiro Tateishi, Tomoki Nishida, Kanako Inoue et al.     The cytoskeleton is an essential cellular component that enables various sophisticated functions of epithelial cells by forming specialized subcellular compartments. However, the …             Scrutiny of Mycobacterium tuberculosis 19 kDa antigen proteoforms provides new insights in the lipoglycoprotein biogenesis paradigm ▶     Julien Parra, Julien Marcoux, Isabelle Poncin et al.     Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are essential processes conditioning the biophysical properties and biological activities of the vast majority of mature proteins. …             Plasmalogen biosynthesis is spatiotemporally regulated by sensing plasmalogens in the inner leaflet of plasma membranes ▶     Masanori Honsho, Yuichi Abe, Yukio Fujiki     Alkenyl ether phospholipids are a major sub-class of ethanolamine- and choline-phospholipids in which a long chain fatty alcohol is attached at the sn-1 position through a vinyl …             Novel members of quinoline compound family enhance insulin secretion in RIN-5AH beta cells and in rat pancreatic islet microtissue ▶     Z. Orfi, F. Waczek, F. Baska et al.     According to clinical data, some tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) possess antidiabetic effects. Several proposed mechanisms were assigned to them, however their mode of action …             Identification of Topological Network Modules in Perturbed Protein Interaction Networks ▶     Mihaela E. Sardiu, Joshua M. Gilmore, Brad Groppe et al.     Biological networks consist of functional modules, however detecting and characterizing such modules in networks remains challenging. Perturbing networks is one strategy for …             Early spatiotemporal-specific changes in intermediate signals are predictive of cytotoxic sensitivity to TNFα and co-treatments ▶     Lit-Hsin Loo, Nicola Michelle Bougen-Zhukov, Wei-Ling Cecilia Tan     Signaling pathways can generate different cellular responses to the same cytotoxic agents. Current quantitative models for predicting these differential responses are usually …             Modulation of LAT1 (SLC7A5) transporter activity and stability by membrane cholesterol ▶     David Dickens, George N. Chiduza, Gareth S. A. Wright et al.     LAT1 (SLC7A5) is a transporter for both the uptake of large neutral amino acids and a number of pharmaceutical drugs. It is expressed in numerous cell types including T-cells, …             Frequency-phase analysis of resting-state functional MRI ▶     Gadi Goelman, Rotem Dan, Filip Růžička et al.     We describe an analysis method that characterizes the correlation between coupled time-series functions by their frequencies and phases. It provides a unified framework for …             Genetically-directed Sparse Neuronal Labeling in BAC Transgenic Mice through Mononucleotide Repeat Frameshift ▶     Xiao-Hong Lu, X. William Yang     Mosaicism with Repeat Frameshift (MORF) allows a single Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) transgene to direct sparse labeling of genetically-defined neuronal populations in …             Activin A is increased in the nucleus accumbens following a cocaine binge ▶     Zi-Jun Wang, Jennifer A. Martin, Amy M. Gancarz et al.     Drug addiction is a long-lasting disease characterized by compulsive drug intake mediated in part by neuronal and biological adaptations in key brain areas, such as the nucleus …             Broad spectrum antiviral activity for paramyxoviruses is modulated by biophysical properties of fusion inhibitory peptides ▶     Cyrille Mathieu, Marcelo T. Augusto, Stefan Niewiesk et al.     Human paramyxoviruses include global causes of lower respiratory disease like the parainfluenza viruses, as well as agents of lethal encephalitis like Nipah virus. Infection is …             EGFR induces DNA decomposition via phosphodiester bond cleavage ▶     Yongpeng Tong, Shuiming Li, Chunliu Huang     EGFR may induce DNA degradation. This activity had not been previously described as an EGRF function. To confirm this unexpected activity, testing of EGFR in the presence of ATP …             Economy, Movement Dynamics, and Muscle Activity of Human Walking at Different Speeds ▶     P. C. Raffalt, M. K. Guul, A. N. Nielsen et al.     The complex behaviour of human walking with respect to movement variability, economy and muscle activity is speed dependent. It is well known that a U-shaped relationship between …             SNP-SNP interactions between WNT4 and WNT5A were associated with obesity related traits in Han Chinese Population ▶     Shan-Shan Dong, Wei-Xin Hu, Tie-Lin Yang et al.     Considering the biological roles of WNT4 and WNT5A involved in adipogenesis, we aimed to investigate whether SNPs in WNT4 and WNT5A contribute to obesity related traits in Han …             Critical role of quorum sensing-dependent glutamate metabolism in homeostatic osmolality and outer membrane vesiculation in Burkholderia glumae ▶     Yongsung Kang, Eunhye Goo, Jinwoo Kim et al.     Metabolic homeostasis in cooperative bacteria is achieved by modulating primary metabolism in a quorum sensing (QS)-dependent manner. A perturbed metabolism in QS mutants causes …             Physiological Integration Affects Expansion of an Amphibious Clonal Plant from Terrestrial to Cu-Polluted Aquatic Environments ▶     Liang Xu, Zhen-Feng Zhou     The effects of physiological integration on clonal plants growing in aquatic and terrestrial habitats have been extensively studied, but little is known about the role in the …             Optogenetic control of the Dab1 signaling pathway ▶     Liang Wang, Jonathan A. Cooper     The Reelin-Dab1 signaling pathway regulates development of the mammalian brain, including neuron migrations in various brain regions, as well as learning and memory in adults. …             Glycyrrhiza uralensis water extract enhances dendritic cell maturation and antitumor efficacy of HPV dendritic cell-based vaccine ▶     Adila Aipire, Jinyu Li, Pengfei Yuan et al.     Licorice has been used as herbal medicine and natural sweetener. Here, we prepared Glycyrrhiza uralensis water extract (GUWE) and investigated the effect of GUWE on the …             Construction and immunogenicity of a recombinant swinepox virus expressing a multi-epitope peptide for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus ▶     Huixing Lin, Zhe Ma, Xin Hou et al.     To characterize neutralizing mimotopes, phages were selected from a 12-mer phage display library using three anti-porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) …             Size matters for in vitro gene delivery: investigating the relationships among complexation protocol, transfection medium, size and sedimentation ▶     Daniele Pezzoli, Elisa Giupponi, Diego Mantovani et al.     Although branched and linear polyethylenimines (bPEIs and lPEIs) are gold standard transfectants, a systematic analysis of the effects of the preparation protocol of polyplexes …             Hybrid sequencing and map finding (HySeMaFi): optional strategies for extensively deciphering gene splicing and expression in organisms without reference genome ▶     Guogui Ning, Xu Cheng, Ping Luo et al.     Using second-generation sequencing (SGS) RNA-Seq strategies, extensive alterative splicing prediction is impractical and high variability of isoforms expression quantification is …             Design and Functional Characterization of a Novel Abscisic Acid Analog ▶     Xiaoqiang Han, Lun Jiang, Chuanliang Che et al.     The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays a crucial role in mediating plant growth and development by recruiting genetically redundant ABA receptors. To overcome its oxidation …             A network-based method for mechanistic investigation of Shexiang Baoxin Pill’s treatment of cardiovascular diseases ▶     Hai-Yang Fang, Hua-Wu Zeng, Li-Mei Lin et al.     Shexiang Baoxin Pill (SBP), a traditional Chinese medicine formula, is commonly used to treat cardiovascular disease (CVD) in China. However, the complexity of composition and …             Broadly reactive aptamers targeting bacteria belonging to different genera using a sequential toggle cell-SELEX ▶     Min Young Song, Dung Nguyen, Seok Won Hong et al.     Conventional cell-SELEX aims to isolate aptamers to a single unique target bacteria species. We propose a method to isolate single-stranded DNA aptamers that have broad …             Ten-Eleven Translocation-2 (Tet2) Is Involved in Myogenic Differentiation of Skeletal Myoblast Cells in Vitro ▶     Xia Zhong, Qian-Qian Wang, Jian-Wei Li et al.     Muscle cell differentiation is a complex process that is principally governed by related myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs). DNA methylation is considered to play an important …             Computer vision and machine learning for robust phenotyping in genome-wide studies ▶     Jiaoping Zhang, Hsiang Sing Naik, Teshale Assefa et al.     Traditional evaluation of crop biotic and abiotic stresses are time-consuming and labor-intensive limiting the ability to dissect the genetic basis of quantitative traits. A …             CXCL12 methylation-mediated epigenetic regulation of gene expression in papillary thyroid carcinoma ▶     Sijia Zhang, Yihan Wang, Meijun Chen et al.     Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer, and its incidence rate is rapidly growing. It is necessary to understand the pathogenesis of PTC to …             Melanosomal formation of PMEL core amyloid is driven by aromatic residues ▶     Jia Shee Hee, Susan M. Mitchell, Xinran Liu et al.     PMEL is a pigment cell protein that forms physiological amyloid in melanosomes. Many amyloids and/or their oligomeric precursors are toxic, causing or contributing to severe, …             Troponin-I is present as an essential component of muscles in echinoderm larvae ▶     Shunsuke Yaguchi, Junko Yaguchi, Hiroyuki Tanaka     The troponin complex, composed of Troponin-I, Troponin-T and Troponin-C, is an essential mediator of the contraction of striated muscle downstream of calcium signaling in almost …             Disruptions in asymmetric centrosome inheritance and WDR62-Aurora kinase B interactions in primary microcephaly ▶     Paraskevi Sgourdou, Ketu Mishra-Gorur, Ichiko Saotome et al.     Recessive mutations in WD repeat domain 62 (WDR62) cause microcephaly and a wide spectrum of severe brain malformations. Disruption of the mouse ortholog results in microcephaly …             EEG frequency tagging dissociates between neural processing of motion synchrony and human quality of multiple point-light dancers ▶     Nihan Alp, Andrey R. Nikolaev, Johan Wagemans et al.     Do we perceive a group of dancers moving in synchrony differently from a group of drones flying in-sync? The brain has dedicated networks for perception of coherent motion and …             Identification and characterization of differentially expressed miRNAs in subcutaneous adipose between Wagyu and Holstein cattle ▶     Yuntao Guo, Xiuxiu Zhang, Wanlong Huang et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important post-transcriptional regulators involved in animal adipogenesis, however, their roles in bovine fat deposition remain poorly understood. In the …             Development of long-term event memory in preverbal infants: an eye-tracking study ▶     Tamami Nakano, Shigeru Kitazawa     The development of long-term event memory in preverbal infants remains elusive. To address this issue, we applied an eye-tracking method that successfully revealed in great apes …             Fluorescence and Magnetic Resonance Dual-Modality Imaging-Guided Photothermal and Photodynamic Dual-Therapy with Magnetic Porphyrin-Metal Organic Framework Nanocomposites ▶     Hui Zhang, Yu-Hao Li, Yang Chen et al.     Phototherapy shows some unique advantages in clinical application, such as remote controllability, improved selectivity, and low bio-toxicity, than chemotherapy. In order to …             Activity screening of environmental metagenomic libraries reveals novel carboxylesterase families ▶     Ana Popovic, Tran Hai, Anatoly Tchigvintsev et al.     Metagenomics has made accessible an enormous reserve of global biochemical diversity. To tap into this vast resource of novel enzymes, we have screened over one million clones …             A 3 base pair deletion in TBX1 leads to reduced protein expression and transcriptional activity ▶     Yuejuan Xu, Shaohai Fang, Erge Zhang et al.     Transcription factor TBX1 plays a pivotal role in heart development and has been implicated in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. The structure of this protein has been elucidated, and …             Protein expression guided chemical profiling of living cells by the simultaneous observation of Raman scattering and anti-Stokes fluorescence emission ▶     Liang-da Chiu, Taro Ichimura, Takumasa Sekiya et al.     Our current understanding of molecular biology provides a clear picture of how the genome, transcriptome and proteome regulate each other, but how the chemical environment of the …             Mechanism of error-free DNA synthesis across N1-methyl-deoxyadenosine by human DNA polymerase-ι ▶     Rinku Jain, Jayati Roy Choudhury, Angeliki Buku et al.     N1-methyl-deoxyadenosine (1-MeA) is formed by methylation of deoxyadenosine at the N1 atom. 1-MeA presents a block to replicative DNA polymerases due to its inability to …             Multifunctional Nanographene Oxide for Targeted Gene-Mediated Thermochemotherapy of Drug-resistant Tumour ▶     Yiping Zeng, Zhangyou Yang, Hong Li et al.     Drug resistance remains a major challenge for anticancer treatment, and one of the major mechanisms of drug resistance is the overexpression of drug efflux transporters in …             Zinc oxide nanorod field effect transistor for long-time cellular force measurement ▶     Xianli Zong, Rong Zhu     Mechanical forces generated by cells are known to influence a vast range of cellular functions ranging from receptor signaling and transcription to differentiation and …             Low-dose penicillin exposure in early life decreases Th17 and the susceptibility to DSS colitis in mice through gut microbiota modification ▶     Shuang Jin, Di Zhao, Chenwen Cai et al.     Antibiotic exposure in early life can lead to a significant change of the gut microbiota and may contribute to later onset of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the …             Small molecule inhibitors block Gas6-inducible TAM activation and tumorigenicity ▶     Stanley G. Kimani, Sushil Kumar, Nitu Bansal et al.     TAM receptors (Tyro-3, Axl, and Mertk) are a family of three homologous type I receptor tyrosine kinases that are implicated in several human malignancies. Overexpression of TAMs …             O-GlcNAcylation of SKN-1 modulates the lifespan and oxidative stress resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans ▶     Hongyuan Li, Xin Liu, Dan Wang et al.     In C. elegans, the transcription factor skinhead-1 (SKN-1), the ortholog of human NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), plays important roles in oxidative stress defense and aging …             Effects of the TLR4 signaling pathway on apoptosis of neuronal cells in diabetes mellitus complicated with cerebral infarction in a rat model ▶     Chao Li, Li-He Che, Tie-Feng Ji et al.     This study aims to explore the effects of the TLR4 signaling pathway on the apoptosis of neuronal cells in rats with diabetes mellitus complicated with cerebral infarction …             An Innovative Approach for Enhancing Bone Defect Healing Using PLGA Scaffolds Seeded with Extracorporeal-shock-wave-treated Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMSCs) ▶     Youbin Chen, Jiankun Xu, Zhonglian Huang et al.     Although great efforts are being made using growth factors and gene therapy, the repair of bone defects remains a major challenge in modern medicine that has resulted in an …             Self-Assembly and Anti-Amyloid Cytotoxicity Activity of Amyloid beta Peptide Derivatives ▶     V. Castelletto, P. Ryumin, R. Cramer et al.     The self-assembly of two derivatives of KLVFF, a fragment Aβ(16–20) of the amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide, is investigated and recovery of viability of neuroblastoma cells exposed to …             Sumoylation stabilizes RACK1B and enhance its interaction with RAP2.6 in the abscisic acid response ▶     Rongkai Guo, Weining Sun     The highly conserved eukaryotic WD40 repeat protein, Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1 (RACK1), is involved in the abscisic acid (ABA) response in Arabidopsis. However, the …             ENOblock, a unique small molecule inhibitor of the non-glycolytic functions of enolase, alleviates the symptoms of type 2 diabetes ▶     Haaglim Cho, JungIn Um, Ji-Hyung Lee et al.     Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) significantly impacts on human health and patient numbers are predicted to rise. Discovering novel drugs and targets for treating T2DM is a …             Computational Modeling of complete HOXB13 protein for predicting the functional effect of SNPs and the associated role in hereditary prostate cancer ▶     Gopalakrishnan Chandrasekaran, Eu Chang Hwang, Taek Won Kang et al.     The human HOXB13 gene encodes a 284 amino acid transcription factor belonging to the homeobox gene family containing a homeobox and a HoxA13 N-terminal domain. It is highly …             Amplified centrosomes and mitotic index display poor concordance between patient tumors and cultured cancer cells ▶     Karuna Mittal, Da Hoon Choi, Angela Ogden et al.     Centrosome aberrations (CA) and abnormal mitoses are considered beacons of malignancy. Cancer cell doubling times in patient tumors are longer than in cultures, but differences …             Structure-Activity Relationship in TLR4 Mutations: Atomistic Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Residue Interaction Network Analysis ▶     Muhammad Ayaz Anwar, Sangdun Choi     Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a vital innate immune receptor present on cell surfaces, initiates a signaling cascade during danger and bacterial intrusion. TLR4 needs to form a …             γ-Aminobutyric Acid Imparts Partial Protection from Salt Stress Injury to Maize Seedlings by Improving Photosynthesis and Upregulating Osmoprotectants and Antioxidants ▶     Yongchao Wang, Wanrong Gu, Yao Meng et al.     γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) has high physiological activity in plant stress physiology. This study showed that the application of exogenous GABA by root drenching to moderately …             Acid phosphatase 2 (ACP2) is required for membrane fusion during influenza virus entry ▶     Jihye Lee, Jinhee Kim, Kidong Son et al.     Influenza viruses exploit host factors to successfully replicate in infected cells. Using small interfering RNA (siRNA) technology, we identified six human genes required for …             Transcriptomic insight into terpenoid and carbazole alkaloid biosynthesis, and functional characterization of two terpene synthases in curry tree (Murraya koenigii) ▶     Seema Meena, Sarma Rajeev Kumar, Varun Dwivedi et al.     Curry tree (Murraya koenigii L.) is a rich source of aromatic terpenes and pharmacologically important carbazole alkaloids. Here, M. koenigii leaf transcriptome was generated to …             Geographical variation in morphology of Chaetosiphella stipae stipae Hille Ris Lambers, 1947 (Hemiptera: Aphididae: Chaitophorinae) ▶     Karina Wieczorek, Agnieszka Bugaj-Nawrocka, Mariusz Kanturski et al.     Chaetosiphella stipae stipae is a xerothermophilous aphid, associated with Palaearctic temperate steppe zones or dry mountain valleys, where there are grasses from the genus Stipa…             (+)/(−)-Phaeocaulin A-D, four pairs of new enantiomeric germacrane-type sesquiterpenes from Curcuma phaeocaulis as natural nitric oxide inhibitors ▶     Gui-yang Xia, De-juan Sun, Jiang-hao Ma et al.     Germacrane-type sesquiterpenes, with a flexible 10-membered ring unit as the structural and conformational features, play a central role in the biosynthesis and synthesis of …             Reward type and behavioural patterns predict dogs’ success in a delay of gratification paradigm ▶     Désirée Brucks, Matteo Soliani, Friederike Range et al.     Inhibiting an immediate behaviour in favour of an alternative but more advantageous behaviour has been linked to individual success in life, especially in humans. Dogs, which …             Emergence of linguistic laws in human voice ▶     Iván González Torre, Bartolo Luque, Lucas Lacasa et al.     Linguistic laws constitute one of the quantitative cornerstones of modern cognitive sciences and have been routinely investigated in written corpora, or in the equivalent …             Novel methicillin resistance gene mecD in clinical Macrococcus caseolyticus strains from bovine and canine sources ▶     Sybille Schwendener, Kerstin Cotting, Vincent Perreten     Methicillin-resistant Macrococcus caseolyticus strains from bovine and canine origins were found to carry a novel mecD gene conferring resistance to all classes of β-lactams …             Potential effects of climate change on geographic distribution of the Tertiary relict tree species Davidia involucrata in China ▶     Cindy Q. Tang, Yi-Fei Dong, Sonia Herrando-Moraira et al.     This study, using species distribution modeling (involving a new approach that allows for uncertainty), predicts the distribution of climatically suitable areas prevailing during …             A millisecond micro-RNA separation technique by a hybrid structure of nanopillars and nanoslits ▶     Qiong Wu, Noritada Kaji, Takao Yasui et al.     A millisecond micro-RNA separation of a mixture of total RNA and genomic DNA, extracted from cultured HeLa cells, was successfully achieved using a hybrid structure of …             Efficient and reliable establishment of lymphoblastoid cell lines by Epstein-Barr virus transformation from a limited amount of peripheral blood ▶     Natsue Omi, Yuichi Tokuda, Yoko Ikeda et al.     Lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) transformed by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) serve as an unlimited resource of human genomic DNA. The protocol that is widely used to establish LCLs …             Genetic analysis and clinical features of X-linked retinoschisis in Chinese patients ▶     Qin-rui Hu, Lv-zhen Huang, Xiao-li Chen et al.     Many mutations in the retinoschisis (RS1) gene have been identified, but there are limited clinical data relating to the different genotypes. This study investigated the …             Discovery of BVDU as a promising Drug for autoimmune diseases Therapy by Dendritic-cell-based functional screening ▶     Shuai Chen, Jinfeng Zhou, Yingying Cai et al.     Dendritic cells (DCs) play a critical role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases including multiple sclerosis, and targeting DCs’ cytokines production is an important …             Evidence from single nucleotide polymorphism analyses of ADVANCE study demonstrates EFNB3 as a hypertension risk gene ▶     Johanne Tremblay, Yujia Wang, John Raelson et al.     EPH kinases and their ligands, ephrins (EFNs), have vital and diverse biological functions. We recently reported that Efnb3 gene deletion results in hypertension in female but …             Non-destructive monitoring of mouse embryo development and its qualitative evaluation at the molecular level using Raman spectroscopy ▶     Mika Ishigaki, Kosuke Hashimoto, Hidetoshi Sato et al.     Current research focuses on embryonic development and quality not only by considering fundamental biology, but also by aiming to improve assisted reproduction technologies, such …             Robustness and Uncertainties of the “Temperature and Greenness” Model for Estimating Terrestrial Gross Primary Production ▶     Jiaqi Dong, Longhui Li, Hao Shi et al.     Terrestrial gross primary production (GPP) plays a vital role in offsetting anthropogenic CO2 emission and regulating global carbon cycle. Various remote sensing approaches for …             Long-term Effect of Radiotherapy in Rectal Cancer Patients with Mucinous Tumor: A Large Population Based Study ▶     Xu Guan, Senhao Jia, Wei Chen et al.     Due to distinct biological behavior of mucinous adenocarcinoma (MAC) and signet ring cell cancer (SRC), the efficacy of radiotherapy on long-term outcome for rectal cancer (RC) …             Secreted Ectodomain of SIGLEC-9 and MCP-1 Synergistically Improve Acute Liver Failure in Rats by Altering Macrophage Polarity ▶     Takanori Ito, Masatoshi Ishigami, Yoshihiro Matsushita et al.     Effective treatments for acute liver failure (ALF) are still lacking. We recently reported that a single intravenous administration of serum-free conditioned medium from stem …             Waist-hip Ratio (WHR), a Better Predictor for Prostate Cancer than Body Mass Index (BMI): Results from a Chinese Hospital-based Biopsy Cohort ▶     Bo Tang, Cheng-Tao Han, Gui-Ming Zhang et al.     To investigate whether waist-hip ratio (WHR) is a better predictor of prostate cancer (PCa) incidence than body mass index (BMI) in Chinese men. Of consecutive patients who …             Enhanced cellular uptake of size-separated lipophilic silicon nanoparticles ▶     Aubrey E. Kusi-Appiah, Melanie L. Mastronardi, Chenxi Qian et al.     Specific size, shape and surface chemistry influence the biological activity of nanoparticles. In the case of lipophilic nanoparticles, which are widely used in consumer …             Distribution Analysis via Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Ephedrine in the Lungs of Rats Orally Administered the Japanese Kampo Medicine Maoto ▶     Takashi Matsumoto, Hirotaka Kushida, Shoko Matsushita et al.     Maoto, a traditional Japanese Kampo medicine, has been used to treat various respiratory diseases, including respiratory infections and influenza. Ephedrine (EPD), the main …             SLC22A3 polymorphisms do not modify pancreatic cancer risk, but may influence overall patient survival ▶     Beatrice Mohelnikova-Duchonova, Ondrej Strouhal, David J. Hughes et al.     Expression of the solute carrier (SLC) transporter SLC22A3 gene is associated with overall survival of pancreatic cancer patients. This study tested whether genetic variability …             Corrigendum: A fossil biting midge (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from early Eocene Indian amber with a complex pheromone evaporator ▶     Frauke Stebner, Ryszard Szadziewski, Peter T. Rühr et al.                 Nucleic acid-based polymers effective against hepatitis B Virus infection in patients don’t harbor immunostimulatory properties in primary isolated liver cells ▶     Catherine Isabell Real, Melanie Werner, Andreas Paul et al.     Nucleic acid polymers (NAPs) block the release of subviral particles from hepatocytes, a mechanism consistent with their antiviral activity against hepatitis B virus (HBV) in …             Epidermal CD147 expression plays a key role in IL-22-induced psoriatic dermatitis ▶     Cong Peng, ShengXi Zhang, Li Lei et al.     Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by abnormal keratinocyte proliferation and terminal differentiation. Interleukin-22 (IL-22) and the transcription …             Association between functional polymorphisms in the promoter of the miR-143/145 cluster and risk of intracranial aneurysm ▶     Xiutian Sima, Hong Sun, Peizhi Zhou et al.     MicroRNAs (miRs)-143/145 are involved in various biological processes related to aneurysm formation and are downregulated in patients with intracranial aneurysm (IA). We aimed to …             Erythro-myeloid progenitors can differentiate from endothelial cells and modulate embryonic vascular remodeling ▶     Bahar Kasaai, Vincenza Caolo, Hanna M. Peacock et al.     Erythro-myeloid progenitors (EMPs) were recently described to arise from the yolk sac endothelium, just prior to vascular remodeling, and are the source of adult/post-natal …             Novel vaccine potential of Rv3131, a DosR regulon-encoded putative nitroreductase, against hyper-virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain K ▶     Kee Woong Kwon, Woo Sik Kim, Hongmin Kim et al.     Accumulating evidence indicates that latency-associated Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)-specific antigens from the dormancy survival regulator regulon (DosR) may be promising …             Atomistic structural ensemble refinement reveals non-native structure stabilizes a sub-millisecond folding intermediate of CheY ▶     Jade Shi, R. Paul Nobrega, Christian Schwantes et al.     The dynamics of globular proteins can be described in terms of transitions between a folded native state and less-populated intermediates, or excited states, which can play …             Chemosensitivity of MCF-7 cells to eugenol: release of cytochrome-c and lactate dehydrogenase ▶     Rana Al Wafai, Warde El-Rabih, Meghri Katerji et al.     Phytochemicals have been extensively researched for their potential anticancer effects. In previous study, direct exposure of rat liver mitochondria to eugenol main ingredient of …             Individual Movement Strategies Revealed through Novel Clustering of Emergent Movement Patterns ▶     Denis Valle, Sreten Cvetojevic, Ellen P. Robertson et al.     Understanding movement is critical in several disciplines but analysis methods often neglect key information by adopting each location as sampling unit, rather than each …             Effects of different kinds of essentiality on sequence evolution of human testis proteins ▶     Julia Schumacher, Hans Zischler, Holger Herlyn     We asked if essentiality for either fertility or viability differentially affects sequence evolution of human testis proteins. Based on murine knockout data, we classified a set …             Amigo2-upregulation in Tumour Cells Facilitates Their Attachment to Liver Endothelial Cells Resulting in Liver Metastases ▶     Yusuke Kanda, Mitsuhiko Osaki, Kunishige Onuma et al.     Since liver metastasis is the main cause of death in cancer patients, we attempted to identify the driver gene involved. QRsP-11 fibrosarcoma cells were injected into the spleens …             Corrigendum: Perceptual learning to discriminate the intensity and spatial location of nociceptive stimuli ▶     Flavia Mancini, Karina Dolgilevica, James Steckelmacher et al.                 EEG in the classroom: Synchronised neural recordings during video presentation ▶     Andreas Trier Poulsen, Simon Kamronn, Jacek Dmochowski et al.     We performed simultaneous recordings of electroencephalography (EEG) from multiple students in a classroom, and measured the inter-subject correlation (ISC) of activity evoked by …             Pupillary responses to short-wavelength light are preserved in aging ▶     A. V. Rukmini, Dan Milea, Tin Aung et al.     With aging, less blue light reaches the retina due to gradual yellowing of the lens. This could result in reduced activation of blue light-sensitive melanopsin-containing retinal …             Abundant iron and sulfur oxidizers in the stratified sediment of a eutrophic freshwater reservoir with annual cyanobacterial blooms ▶     Long Jin, Chang Soo Lee, Chi-Yong Ahn et al.     The microbial community in eutrophic freshwater sediment was investigated from a 67-cm-deep sediment core collected from the Daechung Reservoir in South Korea, where …             A rapid and visual turn-off sensor for detecting copper (II) ion based on DNAzyme coupled with HCR-based HRP concatemers ▶     Wentao Xu, Jingjing Tian, Yunbo Luo et al.     To solve the requirement of on-site, rapid, and visual detection of copper (II) (Cu2+) in aqueous solution, a turn-off sensor for detecting copper (II) ion was developed based on …             Vapour pressure deficit control in relation to water transport and water productivity in greenhouse tomato production during summer ▶     Dalong Zhang, Qingjie Du, Zhi Zhang et al.     Although atmospheric vapour pressure deficit (VPD) has been widely recognized as the evaporative driving force for water transport, the potential to reduce plant water …             Cre/lox-Recombinase-Mediated Cassette Exchange for Reversible Site-Specific Genomic Targeting of the Disease Vector, Aedes aegypti ▶     Irina Häcker, Robert A. Harrell II, Gerrit Eichner et al.     Site-specific genome modification (SSM) is an important tool for mosquito functional genomics and comparative gene expression studies, which contribute to a better understanding …             Monitoring of dynamic changes in Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin (KLH)-specific B cells in KLH-vaccinated cancer patients ▶     Florian Wimmers, Nienke de Haas, Anja Scholzen et al.     Keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) is used as an immunogenic neo-antigen for various clinical applications and during vaccine development. For advanced monitoring of KLH-based …             ACCORD: an assessment tool to determine the orientation of homodimeric coiled-coils ▶     Byeong-Won Kim, Yang Ouk Jung, Min Kyung Kim et al.     The coiled-coil (CC) domain is a very important structural unit of proteins that plays critical roles in various biological functions. The major oligomeric state of CCs is a …             OGG1-DNA interactions facilitate NF-κB binding to DNA targets ▶     Lang Pan, Wenjing Hao, Xu Zheng et al.     DNA repair protein counteracting oxidative promoter lesions may modulate gene expression. Oxidative DNA bases modified by reactive oxygen species (ROS), primarily as 7, …             Neoagaro-oligosaccharide monomers inhibit inflammation in LPS-stimulated macrophages through suppression of MAPK and NF-κB pathways ▶     Wei Wang, Pei Liu, Cui Hao et al.     Neoagaro-oligosaccharides derived from agarose have been demonstrated to possess a variety of biological activities, such as anti-bacteria and anti-oxidative activities. In this …             Diverse origin of mitochondrial lineages in Iron Age Black Sea Scythians ▶     Anna Juras, Maja Krzewińska, Alexey G. Nikitin et al.     Scythians were nomadic and semi-nomadic people that ruled the Eurasian steppe during much of the first millennium BCE. While having been extensively studied by archaeology, very …             SeqTU: A Web Server for Identification of Bacterial Transcription Units ▶     Xin Chen, Wen-Chi Chou, Qin Ma et al.     A transcription unit (TU) consists of K ≥ 1consecutive genes on the same strand of a bacterial genome that are transcribed into a single mRNA molecule under certain conditions. …             Theta-alpha EEG phase distributions in the frontal area for dissociation of visual and auditory working memory ▶     Masakazu Akiyama, Atsushi Tero, Masahiro Kawasaki et al.     Working memory (WM) is known to be associated with synchronization of the theta and alpha bands observed in electroencephalograms (EEGs). Although frontal-posterior global theta …             Stress during pregnancy alters temporal and spatial dynamics of the maternal and offspring microbiome in a sex-specific manner ▶     Eldin Jašarević, Christopher D. Howard, Ana M. Misic et al.     The microbiome is a regulator of host immunity, metabolism, neurodevelopment, and behavior. During early life, bacterial communities within maternal gut and vaginal compartments …             Identifying ionic interactions within a membrane using BLaTM, a genetic tool to measure homo- and heterotypic transmembrane helix-helix interactions ▶     Christoph Schanzenbach, Fabian C. Schmidt, Patrick Breckner et al.     The assembly of integral membrane protein complexes is frequently supported by transmembrane domain (TMD) interactions. Here, we present the BLaTM assay that measures homotypic …             A missense mutation in zbtb17 blocks the earliest steps of T cell differentiation in zebrafish ▶     Divine-Fondzenyuy Lawir, Norimasa Iwanami, Michael Schorpp et al.     T cells are an evolutionarily conserved feature of the adaptive immune systems of vertebrates. Comparative studies using evolutionarily distant species hold great promise for …             Large-scale human skin lipidomics by quantitative, high-throughput shotgun mass spectrometry ▶     Tomasz Sadowski, Christian Klose, Mathias J. Gerl et al.     The lipid composition of human skin is essential for its function; however the simultaneous quantification of a wide range of stratum corneum (SC) and sebaceous lipids is not …             Fluorescent reporters for markerless genomic integration in Staphylococcus aureus ▶     Nienke W. M. de Jong, Thijs van der Horst, Jos A. G. van Strijp et al.     We present integration vectors for Staphylococcus aureus encoding the fluorescent reporters mAmetrine, CFP, sGFP, YFP, mCherry and mKate. The expression is driven either from the …             Ethylene-induced transcriptional and hormonal responses at the onset of sugarcane ripening ▶     Camila P. Cunha, Guilherme G. Roberto, Renato Vicentini et al.     The effects of ethephon as a sugarcane ripener are attributed to ethylene. However, the role of this phytohormone at the molecular level is unknown. We performed a transcriptome …             Effects of biophysical constraints, climate and phylogeny on forest shrub allometries along an altitudinal gradient in Northeast China ▶     Han Sun, Xiangping Wang, Yanwen Fan et al.     Whether there is a general allometry law across plant species with different sizes and under different environment has long been controversial and shrubs are particularly useful …             Confocal imaging of mouse mandibular condyle cartilage ▶     Y. He, M. Zhang, A. Y. Huang et al.     Mice are commonly used to study the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and to model human TMJ disease. However, evaluating TMJ pathology in mice using standard histologic methods is …             Incomplete removal of Wolbachia with tetracycline has two-edged reproductive effects in the thelytokous wasp Encarsia formosa (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) ▶     Xiao-Xiang Wang, Lan-Da Qi, Rui Jiang et al.     Wolbachia pipientis are intracellular endosymbionts that induce parthenogenesis in the parasitoid Encarsia formosa. Previous studies that focused on effects of Wolbachia on the …             The Role of Lipid Droplets in Mortierella alpina Aging Revealed by Integrative Subcellular and Whole-Cell Proteome Analysis ▶     Yadong Yu, Tao Li, Na Wu et al.     Lipid droplets (LDs) participate in many cellular processes in oleaginous microorganisms. However, the exact function of LDs in the Mortierella alpina aging process remains …             Notch1 Signaling Contributes to Hypoxia-induced High Expression of Integrin β1 in Keratinocyte Migration ▶     Di Tang, Tiantian Yan, Junhui Zhang et al.     Oxygen tension is an important micro-environmental factor that affects epidermal development and function. After injury, high oxygen consumption and vascular injury result in …             The protective effect of the anti-Toll-like receptor 9 antibody against acute cytokine storm caused by immunostimulatory DNA ▶     Yusuke Murakami, Ryutaro Fukui, Yuji Motoi et al.     Toll-like Receptor 9 (TLR9) is an innate immune receptor recognizing microbial DNA. TLR9 is also activated by self-derived DNA, such as mitochondrial DNA, in a variety of …             Parasitism perturbs the mucosal microbiome of Atlantic Salmon ▶     M. S. Llewellyn, S. Leadbeater, C. Garcia et al.     Interactions between parasite, host and host-associated microbiota are increasingly understood as important determinants of disease progression and morbidity. Salmon lice, …             Catch-and-Release of Target Cells Using Aptamer-Conjugated Electroactive Zwitterionic Oligopeptide SAM ▶     Junko Enomoto, Tatsuto Kageyama, Tatsuya Osaki et al.     Nucleic acid aptamers possess attractive features such as specific molecular recognition, high-affinity binding, and rapid acquisition and replication, which could be feasible …             Commensal gut bacteria modulate phosphorylation-dependent PPARγ transcriptional activity in human intestinal epithelial cells ▶     Malgorzata Nepelska, Tomas de Wouters, Elsa Jacouton et al.     In healthy subjects, the intestinal microbiota interacts with the host’s epithelium, regulating gene expression to the benefit of both, host and microbiota. The underlying …             Sorting Nexin 9 facilitates podocin endocytosis in the injured podocyte ▶     Yu Sasaki, Teruo Hidaka, Takashi Ueno et al.     The irreversibility of glomerulosclerotic changes depends on the degree of podocyte injury. We have previously demonstrated the endocytic translocation of podocin to the …             Corrigendum: Mechanism of Consistent Gyrus Formation: an Experimental and Computational Study ▶     Tuo Zhang, Mir Jalil Razavi, Xiao Li et al.                 Genetic signatures of natural selection in a model invasive ascidian ▶     Yaping Lin, Yiyong Chen, Changho Yi et al.     Invasive species represent promising models to study species’ responses to rapidly changing environments. Although local adaptation frequently occurs during contemporary range …             Evaluation of dynamic changes in interstitial fluid proteome following microdialysis probe insertion trauma in trapezius muscle of healthy women ▶     Maria V. Turkina, Nazdar Ghafouri, Björn Gerdle et al.     Microdialysis (MD) has been shown to be a promising technique for sampling of biomarkers. Implantation of MD probe causes an acute tissue trauma and provokes innate response …             Effect of ionizing radiation on the proliferation of human embryonic stem cells ▶     Irina V. Panyutin, Sonia A. Holar, Ronald D. Neumann et al.     We studied the effect of ionizing radiation (IR) on continuous growth of seven hESC lines. Cells were exposed to 0, 0.2, or 1 Gy of X-rays, and the growth rates of cell …             ESR1 inhibits hCG-induced steroidogenesis and proliferation of progenitor Leydig cells in mice ▶     Yeong Seok Oh, Il Kyoo Koh, Bomi Choi et al.     Oestrogen is an important regulator in reproduction. To understand the role of oestrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) in Leydig cells, we investigated the expression of ESR1 in mouse Leydig …             Extra-Mediterranean glacial refugia in a Mediterranean faunal element: the phylogeography of the chalk-hill blue Polyommatus coridon (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae) ▶     Gero Kühne, Joachim Kosuch, Axel Hochkirch et al.     Most warm-adapted Central European species are thought to have survived ice ages exclusively in Mediterranean refugia. During recent years, this point of view has been …             ceRNA crosstalk stabilizes protein expression and affects the correlation pattern of interacting proteins ▶     Araks Martirosyan, Andrea De Martino, Andrea Pagnani et al.     Gene expression is a noisy process and several mechanisms, both transcriptional and post-transcriptional, can stabilize protein levels in cells. Much work has focused on the role …             Heart rate responses induced by acoustic tempo and its interaction with basal heart rate ▶     Ken Watanabe, Yuuki Ooishi, Makio Kashino     Many studies have revealed the influences of music on the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Since previous studies focused on the effects of acoustic tempo on the ANS, and humans …             Cordycepin disrupts leukemia association with mesenchymal stromal cells and eliminates leukemia stem cell activity ▶     Shu-Man Liang, Yi-Jhu Lu, Bor-Sheng Ko et al.     Maintaining stemness of leukemic stem cells (LSCs) and reciprocal interactions between leukemia and stromal cells support leukemic progression and resistance to chemotherapy. …             Mirolydidae, a new family of Jurassic pamphilioid sawfly (Hymenoptera) highlighting mosaic evolution of lower Hymenoptera ▶     Mei Wang, Alexandr P. Rasnitsyn, Zhongqi Yang et al.     We describe Pamphilioidea: Mirolydidae Wang, Rasnitsyn et Ren, fam. n., containing Mirolyda hirta Wang, Rasnitsyn et Ren, gen. et sp. n., from the late Middle Jurassic …             Microbiota alteration is associated with the development of stress-induced despair behavior ▶     Ioana A. Marin, Jennifer E. Goertz, Tiantian Ren et al.     Depressive disorders often run in families, which, in addition to the genetic component, may point to the microbiome as a causative agent. Here, we employed a combination of …             Atypical sensory sensitivity as a shared feature between synaesthesia and autism ▶     Jamie Ward, Claire Hoadley, James E. A. Hughes et al.     Several studies have suggested that there is a link between synaesthesia and autism but the nature of that link remains poorly characterised. The present study considers whether …             Crystal structures of highly simplified BPTIs provide insights into hydration-driven increase of unfolding enthalpy ▶     Mohammad Monirul Islam, Masafumi Yohda, Shun-ichi Kidokoro et al.     We report a thermodynamic and structural analysis of six extensively simplified bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) variants containing 19–24 alanines out of 58 residues. …             High glucose alters tendon homeostasis through downregulation of the AMPK/Egr1 pathway ▶     Yu-Fu Wu, Hsing-Kuo Wang, Hong-Wei Chang et al.     Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with higher risk of tendinopathy, which reduces tolerance to exercise and functional activities and affects lifestyle and glycemic control. …             Anordrin Eliminates Tamoxifen Side Effects without Changing Its Antitumor Activity ▶     Wenwen Gu, Wenping Xu, Xiaoxi Sun et al.     Tamoxifen is administered for estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancers, but it can induce uterine endometrial cancer and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). …             Targeted antigen delivery to dendritic cells elicits robust antiviral T cell-mediated immunity in the liver ▶     Julia Volckmar, Marcus Gereke, Thomas Ebensen et al.     Hepatotropic viruses such as hepatitis C virus cause life-threatening chronic liver infections in millions of people worldwide. Targeted in vivo antigen-delivery to …             Two dimensional electrophysiological characterization of human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte system ▶     Huanqi Zhu, Kelsey S. Scharnhorst, Adam Z. Stieg et al.     Stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes provide a promising tool for human developmental biology, regenerative therapies, disease modeling, and drug discovery. As human pluripotent stem …             Selective induction of alternatively spliced FynT isoform by TNF facilitates persistent inflammatory responses in astrocytes ▶     Chingli Lee, Clara Y. B. Low, Siew Ying Wong et al.     Fyn tyrosine kinase has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We have previously reported that upregulation of the FynT isoform in AD brains was partly …             CCN1 promotes IL-1β production in keratinocytes by activating p38 MAPK signaling in psoriasis ▶     Yue Sun, Jie Zhang, Tianhang Zhai et al.     CCN1, an extracellular protein also known as cysteine-rich protein 61 (Cyr61), is a novel pro-inflammatory factor involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. As an …             Ecological interactions among Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains: insight into the dominance phenomenon ▶     Roberto Pérez-Torrado, Kalliopi Rantsiou, Benedeta Perrone et al.     This study investigates the behaviour of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains, in order to obtain insight into the intraspecies competition taking place in mixed populations of this …             Nkx2.1 regulates the generation of telencephalic astrocytes during embryonic development ▶     Shilpi Minocha, Delphine Valloton, Yvan Arsenijevic et al.     The homeodomain transcription factor Nkx2.1 (NK2 homeobox 1) controls cell differentiation of telencephalic GABAergic interneurons and oligodendrocytes. Here we show that Nkx2.1 …             Bumblebees can discriminate between scent-marks deposited by conspecifics ▶     Richard F. Pearce, Luca Giuggioli, Sean A. Rands     Bumblebees secrete a substance from their tarsi wherever they land, which can be detected by conspecifics. These secretions are referred to as scent-marks, which bumblebees are …             The trisaccharide raffinose modulates epidermal differentiation through activation of liver X receptor ▶     Tae-Young Na, Gyeong-Hwan Kim, Hyeon-Jeong Oh et al.     The epidermal barrier function requires optimal keratinocyte differentiation and epidermal lipid synthesis. Liver X receptor (LXR) α and β, are important transcriptional …             The molecular motor Myosin Va interacts with the cilia-centrosomal protein RPGRIP1L ▶     L. H. P. Assis, R. M. P. Silva-Junior, L. G. Dolce et al.     Myosin Va (MyoVa) is an actin-based molecular motor abundantly found at the centrosome. However, the role of MyoVa at this organelle has been elusive due to the lack of evidence …             Screening with an NMNAT2-MSD platform identifies small molecules that modulate NMNAT2 levels in cortical neurons ▶     Yousuf O. Ali, Gillian Bradley, Hui-Chen Lu     Nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyl transferase 2 (NMNAT2) is a key neuronal maintenance factor and provides potent neuroprotection in numerous preclinical models of …             Human NDE1 splicing and mammalian brain development ▶     S. Mosca, M. Raponi, A. Meneghello et al.     Exploring genetic and molecular differences between humans and other close species may be the key to explain the uniqueness of our brain and the selective pressures under which …             Corrigendum: Relationship between nanotopographical alignment and stem cell fate with live imaging and shape analysis ▶     Peter Newman, Jorge Luis Galeano Niño, Pamela Graney et al.                 Abnormalities in A-to-I RNA editing patterns in CNS injuries correlate with dynamic changes in cell type composition ▶     Nurit Gal-Mark, Lea Shallev, Sahar Sweetat et al.     Adenosine to Inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing is a co- or post-transcriptional mechanism that modifies genomically encoded nucleotides at the RNA level. A-to-I RNA editing is …             Elucidation of terpenoid metabolism in Scoparia dulcis by RNA-seq analysis ▶     Yoshimi Yamamura, Fumiya Kurosaki, Jung-Bum Lee     Scoparia dulcis biosynthesize bioactive diterpenes, such as scopadulcic acid B (SDB), which are known for their unique molecular skeleton. Although the biosynthesis of bioactive …             Molecular outcomes, clinical consequences, and genetic diagnosis of Oculocutaneous Albinism in Pakistani population ▶     Mohsin Shahzad, Sairah Yousaf, Yar M. Waryah et al.     Nonsyndromic oculocutaneous Albinism (nsOCA) is clinically characterized by the loss of pigmentation in the skin, hair, and iris. OCA is amongst the most common causes of vision …             Applying torque to the Escherichia coli flagellar motor using magnetic tweezers ▶     Maarten M. van Oene, Laura E. Dickinson, Bronwen Cross et al.     The bacterial flagellar motor of Escherichia coli is a nanoscale rotary engine essential for bacterial propulsion. Studies on the power output of single motors rely on the …             Bifidobacterium breve with α-linolenic acid alters the composition, distribution and transcription factor activity associated with metabolism and absorption of fat ▶     Elaine Patterson, Rebecca Wall, Sara Lisai et al.     This study focused on the mechanisms that fatty acid conjugating strains - Bifidobacterium breve NCIMB 702258 and Bifidobacterium breve DPC 6330 - influence lipid metabolism when …             Sequential activation of different pathway networks in ischemia-affected and non-affected myocardium, inducing intrinsic remote conditioning to prevent left ventricular remodeling ▶     Noemi Pavo, Dominika Lukovic, Katrin Zlabinger et al.     We have analyzed the pathway networks of ischemia-affected and remote myocardial areas after repetitive ischemia/reperfusion (r-I/R) injury without ensuing myocardial infarction …             Assessing the anticipated growth response of northern conifer populations to a warming climate ▶     John H. Pedlar, Daniel W. McKenney     The growth response of trees to ongoing climate change has important implications for future forest dynamics, accurate carbon accounting, and sustainable forest management. We …             ELF-MF exposure affects the robustness of epigenetic programming during granulopoiesis ▶     Melissa Manser, Mohamad R. Abdul Sater, Christoph D. Schmid et al.     Extremely-low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) have been classified as “possibly carcinogenic” to humans on the grounds of an epidemiological association of ELF-MF exposure …             G196 epitope tag system: a novel monoclonal antibody, G196, recognizes the small, soluble peptide DLVPR with high affinity ▶     Kasumi Tatsumi, Gyosuke Sakashita, Yuko Nariai et al.     The recognition specificity of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) has made mAbs among the most frequently used tools in both basic science research and in clinical diagnosis and …             Design of a k-space spectrometer for ultra-broad waveband spectral domain optical coherence tomography ▶     Gongpu Lan, Guoqiang Li     Nonlinear sampling of the interferograms in wavenumber (k) space degrades the depth-dependent signal sensitivity in conventional spectral domain optical coherence tomography …             Treatment of rabbit growth plate injuries with oriented ECM scaffold and autologous BMSCs ▶     Wenchao Li, Ruijiang Xu, Jiangxiang Huang et al.     Tissue-engineered technology has provided a promising method for the repair of growth plate injuries using biocompatible and biodegradable scaffolds and appropriate cells. The …             Single-molecule studies reveal reciprocating of WRN helicase core along ssDNA during DNA unwinding ▶     Wen-Qiang Wu, Xi-Miao Hou, Bo Zhang et al.     Werner syndrome is caused by mutations in the WRN gene encoding WRN helicase. A knowledge of WRN helicase’s DNA unwinding mechanism in vitro is helpful for predicting its …             Quantification of free-living activity patterns using accelerometry in adults with mental illness ▶     Justin J. Chapman, James A. Roberts, Vinh T. Nguyen et al.     Physical activity is disrupted in many psychiatric disorders. Advances in everyday technologies – such as accelerometers in smart phones – opens exciting possibilities for …             Heterozygous mutation of eEF1A1b resulted in spermatogenesis arrest and infertility in male tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus ▶     Jinlin Chen, Dongneng Jiang, Dejie Tan et al.     Eukaryotic elongation factor 1 alpha (eEF1A) is an essential component of the translational apparatus. In the present study, eEF1A1b was isolated from the Nile tilapia. Real-time …             D-Glutamate is metabolized in the heart mitochondria ▶     Makoto Ariyoshi, Masumi Katane, Kenji Hamase et al.     D-Amino acids are enantiomers of L-amino acids and have recently been recognized as biomarkers and bioactive substances in mammals, including humans. In the present study, we …             Partial delignification of wood and membrane preparation using a quaternary ammonium ionic liquid ▶     Jiaojiao Miao, Yongqi Yu, Zeming Jiang et al.     This work determined that southern yellow pine wood can almost be completely dissolved in the quaternary ammonium ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium acetate with dimethyl sulfoxide …             Altered Topological Properties of Brain Networks in Social Anxiety Disorder: A Resting-state Functional MRI Study ▶     Hongru Zhu, Changjian Qiu, Yajing Meng et al.     Recent studies involving connectome analysis including graph theory have yielded potential biomarkers for mental disorders. In this study, we aimed to investigate the differences …             Actual fusion efficiency in the lipid mixing assay - Comparison between nanodiscs and liposomes ▶     Claire François-Martin, Frédéric Pincet     Lipid exchange occurs between membranes during fusion or active lipid transfer. These processes are necessary in vivo for the homeostasis of the cell at the level of the …             In vivo microsampling to capture the elusive exposome ▶     Vincent Bessonneau, Jennifer Ings, Mark McMaster et al.     Loss and/or degradation of small molecules during sampling, sample transportation and storage can adversely impact biological interpretation of metabolomics data. In this study, …             Double-stranded RNA induces inflammation via the NF-κB pathway and inflammasome activation in the outer root sheath cells of hair follicles ▶     Jung-Min Shin, Dae-Kyoung Choi, Kyung-Cheol Sohn et al.     Alopecia areata (AA), a chronic, relapsing, hair-loss disorder, is considered to be a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease. It affects approximately 1.7% of the population, but its …             Functional MRI in Awake Dogs Predicts Suitability for Assistance Work ▶     Gregory S. Berns, Andrew M. Brooks, Mark Spivak et al.     The overall goal of this work was to measure the efficacy of fMRI for predicting whether a dog would be a successful service dog. The training and imaging were performed in 49 …             Size and stochasticity in irrigated social-ecological systems ▶     Arnald Puy, Rachata Muneepeerakul, Andrea L. Balbo     This paper presents a systematic study of the relation between the size of irrigation systems and the management of uncertainty. We specifically focus on studying, through a …             Absence of PD-L1 on tumor cells is associated with reduced MHC I expression and PD-L1 expression increases in recurrent serous ovarian cancer ▶     Stefanie Aust, Sophie Felix, Katharina Auer et al.     Immune-evasion and immune checkpoints are promising new therapeutic targets for several cancer entities. In ovarian cancer, the clinical role of programmed cell death receptor …             Interferon regulatory factor-1 activates autophagy to aggravate hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury via the P38/P62 pathway in mice ▶     Yao Yu, Shipeng Li, Zhen Wang et al.     Increasing evidence has linked autophagy to a detrimental role in hepatic ischemia- reperfusion (IR) injury (IRI). Here we focus on the role of interferon regulatory factor-1 …             Comparative evaluation of leukocyte- and platelet-rich plasma and pure platelet-rich plasma for cartilage regeneration ▶     Zhengliang Xu, Wenjing Yin, Yuelei Zhang et al.     Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has gained growing popularity in the treatment of articular cartilage lesions in the last decade. However, the potential harmful effects of leukocytes …             Intact sensory-motor network structure and function in far from onset premanifest Huntington’s disease ▶     Martin Gorges, Hans-Peter Müller, Isabella Maria Sophie Mayer et al.     Structural and functional changes attributable to the neurodegenerative process in Huntington’s disease (HD) may be evident in HTT CAG repeat expansion carriers before the …             3D characterization of morphological changes in the intervertebral disc and endplate during aging: A propagation phase contrast synchrotron micro-tomography study ▶     Yong Cao, Shenghui Liao, Hao Zeng et al.     A better understanding of functional changes in the intervertebral disc (IVD) and interaction with endplate is essential to elucidate the pathogenesis of IVD degeneration disease …             Efficient and rapid generation of large genomic variants in rats and mice using CRISMERE ▶     Marie-Christine Birling, Laurence Schaeffer, Philippe André et al.     Modelling Down syndrome (DS) in mouse has been crucial for the understanding of the disease and the evaluation of therapeutic targets. Nevertheless, the modelling so far has been …             Physics of chewing in terrestrial mammals ▶     Emmanuel Virot, Grace Ma, Christophe Clanet et al.     Previous studies on chewing frequency across animal species have focused on finding a single universal scaling law. Controversy between the different models has been aroused …             A peptide vaccine targeting angiotensin II attenuates the cardiac dysfunction induced by myocardial infarction ▶     Ryo Watanabe, Jun-ichi Suzuki, Kouji Wakayama et al.     A peptide vaccine targeting angiotensin II (Ang II) was recently developed as a novel treatment for hypertension to resolve the problem of noncompliance with pharmacotherapy. Ang …             Subglacial discharges create fluctuating foraging hotspots for sea birds in tidewater glacier bays ▶     Jacek Andrzej Urbanski, Lech Stempniewicz, Jan Marcin Węsławski et al.     Although the processes occurring at the front of an ice face in tidewater glacier bays still await thorough investigation, their importance to the rapidly changing polar …             Human amniotic fluid contaminants alter thyroid hormone signalling and early brain development in Xenopus embryos ▶     Jean-Baptiste Fini, Bilal B. Mughal, Sébastien Le Mével et al.     Thyroid hormones are essential for normal brain development in vertebrates. In humans, abnormal maternal thyroid hormone levels during early pregnancy are associated with …             Preclinical evaluation of multi antigenic HCV DNA vaccine for the prevention of Hepatitis C virus infection ▶     Hyojin Lee, Moonsup Jeong, Jooyeon Oh et al.     Direct-acting antiviral treatment for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is costly and does not protect from re-infection. For human and chimpanzees, recovery from acute HCV …             Experimental Evaluation of Kidney Regeneration by Organ Scaffold Recellularization ▶     Andrea Remuzzi, Marina Figliuzzi, Barbara Bonandrini et al.     The rising number of patients needing renal replacement therapy, alongside the significant clinical and economic limitations of current therapies, creates an imperative need for …             Implications of the cattle trade network in Cameroon for regional disease prevention and control ▶     Paolo Motta, Thibaud Porphyre, Ian Handel et al.     Movement of live animals is a major risk factor for the spread of livestock diseases and zoonotic infections. Understanding contact patterns is key to informing cost-effective …             Autaptic Connections Shift Network Excitability and Bursting ▶     Laura Wiles, Shi Gu, Fabio Pasqualetti et al.     We examine the role of structural autapses, when a neuron synapses onto itself, in driving network-wide bursting behavior. Using a simple spiking model of neuronal activity, we …             Specific CpG hyper-methylation leads to Ankrd26 gene down-regulation in white adipose tissue of a mouse model of diet-induced obesity ▶     Gregory A. Raciti, Rosa Spinelli, Antonella Desiderio et al.     Epigenetic modifications alter transcriptional activity and contribute to the effects of environment on the individual risk of obesity and Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). Here, we have …                       Open for Submissions A new open access, multi-and interdisciplinary journal dedicated to publishing the finest research on both microbial biofilms and microbiomes, the journal is now open for submissions. 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