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Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for February 16, 2017:
Spotlight Stories Headlines
Astronomy & Space news
 | Scientists study geology of Ceres to understand origin of organicsNASA's Dawn spacecraft recently detected organic-rich areas on Ceres. Scientists evaluated the geology of the regions to conclude that the organics are most likely native to the dwarf planet. Data from the spacecraft suggest that the interior of Ceres is the source of these organic materials, as opposed to arriving via impacting asteroids or comets, according to a paper published in the Feb. 17, 2017, issue of Science. |
 | Research team finds radial acceleration relation in all common types of galaxiesThe distribution of normal matter precisely determines gravitational acceleration in all common types of galaxies, a team led by Case Western Reserve University researchers reports. |
 | Intergalactic unions more devastating than we thoughtScientists from MIPT, the University of Oxford, and the Russian Academy of Sciences have estimated the number of stars disrupted by solitary supermassive black holes in galactic centers that formed via mergers of galaxies containing supermassive black holes. The astrophysicists determined whether gravitational effects arising from two black holes drawing closer to one another can explain why fewer stars are observed being captured by black holes than basic theoretical models predict. |
 | Arecibo Observatory captures revealing images of Comet 45P/Honda-Mrkos-PajdusakovaThough not visible to the naked eye or even with binoculars, the green-tailed Comet 45P/Honda-Mrkos-Pajdusakova (HMP) did not escape the gaze of the world-renowned Arecibo Observatory. Scientists from the University of Arizona's Lunar and Planetary Laboratory (LPL) and the Universities Space Research Association (USRA) at Arecibo Observatory have been studying the comet with radar to better understand its solid nucleus and the dusty coma that surrounds it. |
 | Revealing the origin and nature of the outskirts of stellar megalopolisThe most detailed study of the outskirts of massive elliptical galaxies at half the age of the Universe was carried out by an international team led by Fernando Buitrago, of Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço and Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa (FCUL). The study was published in the journal Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society and contributes to the understanding of how the largest galaxies of the Universe evolved over time. |
 | Setting sun on space station solar researchToday, ground control in Belgium switched off a package that had been continuously watching the Sun from the International Space Station for nine years. |
 | Fuel Sentinel-2B: doneAs liftoff day draws closer, the Sentinel-2B 'to do' list is shrinking as tasks are ticked off, including the tricky process of fuelling the satellite. And, even despite having to do a few unexpected jobs, everything is on track for launch. |
 | Crystal growth, earth science and tech demo research launching to orbiting laboratoryThe tenth SpaceX cargo resupply launch to the International Space Station, targeted for launch Feb. 18, will deliver investigations that study human health, Earth science and weather patterns. Here are some highlights of the research headed to the orbiting laboratory: |
 | Dream Chaser spacecraft may be used for Hubble repair missionThe final servicing mission to the venerable Hubble Space Telescope (HST) was in 2009. The shuttle Atlantis completed that mission (STS-125,) and several components were repaired and replaced, including the installation of improved batteries. The HST is expected to function until 2030 – 2040. With the retiring of the shuttle program in 2011, it looked like the Hubble mission was destined to play itself out. |
 | Sentinel-2 teams prepare for spaceGoing to space is never routine, and Sentinel-2 mission controllers are leaving nothing to chance as they prepare for the critical days following next month's liftoff. |
 | Earth science on the Space Station continues to growThe number of instruments on the International Space Station dedicated to observing Earth to increase our understanding of our home planet continues to grow. |
 | First Israeli nanosatellite for academic research launched"BGUSAT," the first nanosatellite for Israeli academic research, is being launched today as part of a collaboration between Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU), Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) and the Israel Ministry of Science, Technology and Space. It will provide researchers with data on climate change, agricultural developments and other scientific phenomena. |
 | Digital chemistry set reaches new heights with space launchA University of Glasgow research project is set to get underway beyond the earth's atmosphere following a successful launch into space today (Wednesday 15 February). |
 | Researcher works with NASA to study using Martian soil to build human habitatsIt's hard enough to transport humans to Mars. But once they get there, where will they live? |
Technology news
 | Tiny foveated imaging camera mimics eagle vision(Tech Xplore)—A team of researchers with the University of Stuttgart has used advanced 3-D printing technology to create an extremely small camera that uses foveated imaging to mimic natural eagle vision. In their paper published in the journal Science Advances, the group describes their approach to creating an extremely small high-resolution camera and possible applications. |
 | A way to magnetically control individual members of a robot swarm(Tech Xplore)—A trio of researchers with Philips Innovative Technologies in Germany has developed a way to magnetically control individual members of a robot swarm. In their paper published in the journal Science Robotics, Jürgen Rahmer, Christian Stehning and Bernhard Gleich describe their approach and the ways they believe it could be used in practical applications. |
 | 'Scorpion' robot mission inside Fukushima reactor abortedA "scorpion" robot sent into a Japanese nuclear reactor to learn about the damage suffered in a tsunami-induced meltdown had its mission aborted after the probe ran into trouble, Tokyo Electric Power company said Thursday. |
 | Big improvements to brain-computer interfaceWhen people suffer spinal cord injuries and lose mobility in their limbs, it's a neural signal processing problem. The brain can still send clear electrical impulses and the limbs can still receive them, but the signal gets lost in the damaged spinal cord. |
 | Wireless power transmission safely charges devices anywhere within a roomA new method developed by Disney Research for wirelessly transmitting power throughout a room enables users to charge electronic devices as seamlessly as they now connect to WiFi hotspots, eliminating the need for electrical cords or charging cradles. |
 | New research removes a key barrier to large-scale manufacture of low-cost, printable perovskite solar cellsA U of T Engineering innovation could make printing solar cells as easy and inexpensive as printing a newspaper. Dr. Hairen Tan and his team have cleared a critical manufacturing hurdle in the development of a relatively new class of solar devices called perovskite solar cells. This alternative solar technology could lead to low-cost, printable solar panels capable of turning nearly any surface into a power generator. |
 | Ultrafast camera for self-driving vehicles and dronesScientists from Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (NTU Singapore) have developed an ultrafast high-contrast camera that could help self-driving cars and drones see better in extreme road conditions and in bad weather. |
 | Google internet balloon plan snagged in Sri Lanka: ministerGoogle's venture to beam the internet to remote areas of the world via balloon has hit a legal snag in Sri Lanka that could see the project abandoned on the island, a minister said Thursday. |
 | Putting data in the hands of doctorsRegina Barzilay is working with MIT students and medical doctors in an ambitious bid to revolutionize cancer care. She is relying on a tool largely unrecognized in the oncology world but deeply familiar to hers: machine learning. |
 | As 3-D printing grows, so does need to reclaim plastic wasteUC Berkeley is a leader in 3-D printing. From creating a prosthetic hand for an 8-year-old girl to a "smart cap" that senses spoiled food to large-scale cement buildings, engineers and designers on campus are pushing the technology to the limits, using it in ways never seen before. |
 | Dutch trial foot-level traffic lights for phone users"Oy, get your head out of your phone!" |
 | Snap values itself at up to $22B ahead of IPOThe parent company of the social network Snapchat is valuing itself at up to $22 billion as it prepares for the tech industry's biggest initial public offering in years. |
 | Engineers help arctic ships assess ice buildupAs global temperatures rise and arctic ice melts, more ships are taking advantage of expedient, yet dangerous ocean routes that are opening in the polar region. |
 | The cybersecurity risk of self-driving carsTen million self-driving cars will be on the road by 2020, according to an in-depth report by Business Insider Intelligence. Proponents of autonomous vehicles say that the technology has the potential to benefit society in a range of ways, from boosting economic productivity to reducing urban congestion. But others—including some potential consumers and corporate risk managers—have expressed serious concerns over the cybersecurity of the so-called fleet of the future. As one tech reporter put it: "Could cybercriminals remotely hijack an autonomous car's electronics with the intent to cause a crash? Could terrorists commandeer the vehicles as weapons? Could data stored onboard be unlocked?" |
 | Scaling up the next generation of UAVsAfter working for more than a decade on hover-capable drones no bigger than the palm of a hand, Dr. Moble Benedict and a team of researchers are studying the feasibility of scaling these concepts to larger unmanned aircraft (UAVs). |
 | How robots could help chronically ill kids attend schoolOver the past century, American schools have integrated an ever-more-diverse group of students. Racial integration is most prominent, but it's not just Native Americans, blacks and Latinos who have been brought into public education. Schools today serve children with conditions on the autism spectrum, Down syndrome and many other medical issues. But there is one group of children who still cannot attend school: those with serious chronic illnesses. |
 | Algorithm can create a bridge between Clinton and Trump supportersA growing number of people have expressed their concern about high levels of polarization in the society. For instance, the World Economic Forum's report on global risks lists the increasing societal polarization as a threat – and others have suggested that social media might be contributing to this phenomenon. The article that received the best student-paper award in the Tenth International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining (WSDM 2017) builds algorithmic techniques to mitigate the rising polarization by connecting people with opposing views - and evaluates them on Twitter. |
 | Separating fact from fiction using a 'fake news' algorithmThe impetus behind Victoria Rubin's research is a tip from Ernest Hemingway: "Develop a built-in bullshit detector." |
 | Real-time MRI analysis powered by supercomputersOne of the main tools doctors use to detect diseases and injuries in cases ranging from multiple sclerosis to broken bones is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, the results of an MRI scan take hours or days to interpret and analyze. This means that if a more detailed investigation is needed, or there is a problem with the scan, the patient needs to return for a follow-up. |
 | Italian taxi drivers stage wildcat strike over pro-Uber billTaxi drivers in Rome, Milan and Turin are staging wildcat strikes to protest proposed Italian legislation they say will favor Uber and other car-sharing services. |
 | Google adds voice-activated shopping, taking on AmazonGoogle announced Thursday it was launching voice-activated shopping from its artificial intelligence-powered Home speaker, in a direct challenge to Amazon's Alexa devices. |
Can internet-beaming balloons outmaneuver shifting winds?For its next trick, an internet-beaming balloon factory spun out of Google believes it can outmaneuver the wind. | |
 | The Zuckerberg manifesto: How he plans to debug the worldMark Zuckerberg's long-term vision for Facebook, laid out in a sweeping manifesto , sometimes sounds more like a utopian social guide than a business plan. Are we, he asks, "building the world we all want?" |
 | Innovation in brain imagingWriters and scientists throughout history have searched for an apt technological analogy for the human brain, often comparing it to a computer. For Pulkit Grover, Carnegie Mellon University assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering and the Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, this analogy couldn't be more fitting. Although Grover and his research team spend much of their time exploring how information flows through computer networks (such as coding systems, cyberphysical systems, and low-power wireless systems), they also apply these information theory principles to brain-imaging systems. This cross-disciplinary research approach bridges mathematical theory with clinical applications—striving to improve the treatment of neurological disorders such as epilepsy. |
Surprise, surprise. AT&T trumpets its own new unlimited planAT&T says any cellphone customer can sign up for unlimited data plans starting Friday. That option had been limited to customers of AT&T-owned DirecTV. | |
Cyber warriors see politics muddying security effortsPresident Donald Trump has vowed to improve cyber attack defense, but security experts meeting this week say a fractious domestic and international political landscape could hamstring efforts to improve internet security. | |
 | Ring roads of the future in an urban contextElectric cars that require charging and autonomous cars that can be summoned to take you from A to B. How do you take these future challenges into account in spatial planning? And what will Dutch roads and the living environment look like in 2030? In February 2016, the Professional Association of Dutch Architect's Agencies (Branchevereniging Nederlandse Architectenbureaus, BNA) and TU Delft launched a design initiative inviting design teams and the municipalities of Amsterdam, Rotterdam and Utrecht to examine five ring road locations in the respective cities. On Wednesday 15 February 2017, the resulting visions were presented at TU Delft in a new book entitled motorway x City. |
 | Ground-breaking robotic arms that could transform your weekly food shopPartly supported through the EU-funded SOMA project, robotics researchers have developed versatile robotic grippers to pick thousands of supermarket items. |
 | Paper says Mexico's energy reform must follow the best sustainability practicesFor the new energy sector in Mexico to spearhead the economic development of the country, it must follow the best international practices of sustainability, according to a new paper from the Mexico Center at Rice University's Baker Institute for Public Policy. |
 | Is your big data messy? We're making an app for thatLike a teenager's bedroom, big data is often messy. |
 | Professors build AI to help autonomous vehicles locate themselves on mapsSelf-driving cars could account for 21 million new vehicles sold every year by 2035. Over the next decade alone such vehicles—and vehicles with assisted-driving technology —could deliver $1 trillion in societal and consumer benefits due to their improved safety. |
Ukrainian hacker gets prison for leading online theft ringA Ukrainian hacker who admitted using thousands of infected computers to steal user names and passwords for bank accounts and other online services has been sentenced to 41 months in prison. | |
Medicine & Health news
 | Scientifically-designed fasting diet lowers risks for major diseasesWhat if you could lose weight and reduce your risk of life-threatening disease without any changes in what you eat—other than a five-day special diet once every few months? |
 | Vitamin D protects against colds and flu, finds major global studyVitamin D supplements protect against acute respiratory infections including colds and flu, according to a study led by Queen Mary University of London (QMUL). |
 | ADHD a 'brain disorder', not just bad behaviour: studyPeople with ADHD have slightly smaller brains than those without the condition, according to a study released Thursday which insisted it is a physical disorder and not just bad behaviour. |
 | DNA patterns can unlock how glucose metabolism drives cancer, study findsLess aggressive cancers are known to have an intact genome—the complete set of genes in a cell—while the genome of more aggressive cancers tends to have a great deal of abnormalities. Now, a new multi-year study of DNA patterns in tumor cells suggests that these aberrant genetic signatures are not random but reflect selective forces in tumor evolution. The findings also demonstrate that these changes drive glucose metabolism in cells, which improves the fitness of tumors and can lead to accelerated cancer growth. |
 | New study maps US regions where patients appear more ill than they areIn some areas of the U.S., medical providers consistently order more tests and treatments for patients than providers do elsewhere—a fact that has generated considerable public debate. Now a new study co-authored by MIT scholars suggests that these differences in medical practices influence how the apparent health of populations is measured across regions. |
 | Researchers reveal genetic links underlying neuroendocrine pancreatic cancerAn Australian-led international research effort has revealed that genetic changes normally linked to breast, colon and ovarian cancers could also drive a rare form of pancreatic cancer. |
 | Carbs during workouts help immune system recoveryEating carbohydrates during intense exercise helps to minimise exercise-induced immune disturbances and can aid the body's recovery, QUT research has found. |
Biologists control gut inflammation by altering the abundance of resident bacteriaNumerous human diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes and autism spectrum disorders have been linked to abnormal gut microbial communities, or microbiomes, but an open question is whether these altered microbiomes are drivers of disease. | |
 | Immune cell serves as an essential communications link for migrating cellsScientists at the University of Washington have discovered that a common type of cell in the vertebrate immune system plays a unique role in communication between other cells. It turns out that these cells, called macrophages, can transmit messages between non-immune cells. |
 | Vitamin B3 prevents glaucoma in laboratory miceIn mice genetically predisposed to glaucoma, vitamin B3 added to drinking water is effective at preventing the disease, a research team led by Jackson Laboratory Professor and Howard Hughes Medical Investigator Simon W.M. John reports in the journal Science. |
 | A single mutation may impact infectivity of West Nile and similar virusesA mutation that impacts changes in the shape of an essential viral protein may influence the infectivity of West Nile and other viruses in the flavivirus family, according to a new study in PLOS Pathogens. |
 | When your eyes override your ears: New insights into the McGurk effectSeeing is not always believing - visual speech (mouth movements) mismatched with auditory speech (sounds) can result in the perception of an entirely different message. This mysterious illusion is known as the McGurk effect. In new research, published in PLOS Computational Biology, neuroscience researchers have created an algorithm to reveal key insight into why the brain can sometimes muddle up one of the most fundamental aspects of the human experience. |
 | People far from urban lights, bright screens still skimp on sleepScreen time before bed can mess with your sleep. But people without TV and laptops skimp on sleep too, researchers say. A Duke University study of people living without electricity or artificial light in a remote farming village in Madagascar finds they get shorter, poorer sleep than people in the U.S. or Europe. |
 | They're not dentists. Would you let them fill your cavities?Need a tooth pulled or a cavity filled? Forget the dentist. A number of states are allowing or considering letting "dental therapists," professionals with a lower level of training, do the job. |
 | Scheme's success at stopping mums-to-be smokingPregnant women are almost twice as likely to quit smoking if they are supported from their first midwife appointment - and then are more likely to have heavier, healthier babies. |
 | New research highlights devastating impact of poverty on children's mental healthNew University of Liverpool research - published today in The Lancet Public Health—shows that children who move into poverty are more likely to suffer from social, emotional and behavioural problems than children who remain out of poverty. |
Complex neurological infections require team careA team approach is vital to the successful diagnosis and treatment of complex neurological infections related to placement of devices in the brain, or as a result of neurosurgery or head trauma. This is among the recommendations in the first comprehensive guidelines on healthcare-associated ventriculitis and meningitis, which are being released by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and published in the journal Clinical Infectious Diseases. | |
 | China carfentanil ban a 'game-changer' for opioid epidemicSo deadly it's considered a terrorist threat, carfentanil has been legal in China— until now. Beijing is banning carfentanil and three similar drugs as of March 1, China's Ministry of Public Security said Thursday, closing a major regulatory loophole in the fight to end America's opioid epidemic. |
 | B vitamins reduce schizophrenia symptoms, study findsA review of worldwide studies has found that add-on treatment with high-dose b-vitamins - including B6, B8 and B12 - can significantly reduce symptoms of schizophrenia more than standard treatments alone. |
 | Motor cortex contributes to word comprehensionResearchers from HSE, Northumbria University, and Aarhus University have experimentally confirmed that comprehension of a word's meaning involves not only the 'classic' language brain centres but also the cortical regions responsible for the control of body muscles, such as hand movements. The resulting brain representations are, therefore, distributed across a network of locations involving both areas specialised for language processing and those responsible for the control of the associated action. The results have been published in the journal Neuropsychologia. |
 | Neurotrophic factor GDNF is an important regulator of dopamine neurons in the brainNew research results are expanding our understanding of the physiological role of the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor GDNF in the function of the brain's dopamine systems. In an article recently published in the Journal of Neuroscience, University of Helsinki researchers establish that GDNF is an important physiological regulator of the functioning of the brain's dopamine neurons. |
 | Adenoviruses and the immune system join forces against cancerResearchers of the Cancer Virotherapy Research Group of Bellvitge Biomedicine Research Institute (IDIBELL), led by Dr. Ramon Alemany, have developed an oncolytic virus capable of redirecting the patient's immune system against tumor cells. Their work, published in Cancer Research, may lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies for several types of cancer. |
 | Swishing with mouth rinse may improve athletic performanceEndurance athletes looking to improve their times might consider swishing with a mouth rinse that contains a little sugar during their next performance. |
 | Researchers explore why pre-eclampsia is more common in women of African descentA complication of pregnancy that causes the mother's blood pressure to rise – often fatally – is more common in women of African descent than any other. Research in Uganda by African and Cambridge researchers is helping to uncover why. |
 | Simple test may predict which children develop severe TB, researcher saysA Stanford investigator and his colleagues found that a screening test for tuberculosis was a good predictor of whether children infected with the bacteria would become sick. |
 | Human genome editing report strikes the right balance between risks and benefitsIf you recognise the words "CRISPR-mediated gene editing", then you'll know that our ability to alter DNA has recently become much more efficient, faster and cheaper. |
 | Personalized medicine may do more to treat rather than prevent chronic diseasesPersonalized medicine, which involves tailoring health care to each person's unique genetic makeup, has the potential to transform how we diagnose, prevent and treat disease. After all, no two people are alike. Mapping a person's unique susceptibility to disease and targeting the right treatment has deservedly been welcomed as a new power to heal. |
 | Researchers found that sleep hours and quality affect daily stressors the next dayResearchers in the Department of Biobehavioral Health (BBH) at Penn State found that sleep quality and quantity at night is affected by that day's stressors, and sleep hours and quality affect daily stressors the next day. |
NICU private rooms save money, avoid costly infectionsNewborns in neonatal intensive care units require lots of love. So when doctors put babies – and their families – into private hospital rooms, it may seem expensive. But when in private rooms, babies heal faster, saving hospitals the cost of longer treatment. | |
Medicaid expansion possibly reduced 'medical divorces,' economists findStates that expanded Medicaid under the Affordable Care Act possibly saw a reduction in the number of "medical divorces," in which a couple separates its assets when one partner is diagnosed with a degenerative disease, according to a working paper by two University of Kansas economists. | |
Physicians' opioid prescribing patterns linked to patients' risk for long-term drug useEmergency room patients treated by physicians who prescribe opioids more often are at greater risk for long-term opioid use even after a single prescription than those who see less-frequent prescribers, according to the findings of a study from Harvard Medical School and T.H. Chan School of Public Health. | |
 | Limiting lung cancer's spread and growth in the brainMore people die of lung cancer each year than breast, colon, and prostate cancers combined. One particularly lethal form of the disease is lung adenocarcinoma or LUAD, which afflicts both smokers and non-smokers. In many patients diagnosed with LUAD, tumors cells have already spread to the brain, leading to decreased quality of life and low survival rates. A Yale team of researchers conducted a study to determine how those tumor cells manage to grow outside the lungs. |
 | Genome analysis helps keep deadly brain cancer at bay for five yearsAn analysis of a patient's deadly brain tumor helped doctors at Smilow Cancer Hospital identify new emerging mutations and keep a 55-year old woman alive for more than five years, researchers report in the journal Genome Medicine. |
 | What turns benign central nervous system tumors deadlyMore than one in three tumors that affect the central nervous system are meningiomas and most are benign. However, some can turn deadly. In a new study, Yale researchers identified genetic abnormalities that mark atypical meningiomas, which have a 40% chance of recurring after surgical removal and are marked by a shorter survival rate than benign tumors. |
 | Lesbian women less likely than heterosexuals to get annual pap smearsLesbian women are less likely than heterosexual and bisexual women to get timely pap smears, according to a new paper from sociologists at Rice University. |
 | Parasites clue to why allergies are more common in developed countriesA molecular mechanism which could explain why allergies are more common in developed countries has been discovered by researchers at The University of Nottingham. |
 | Five ways nanoscience is making science fiction into factRussian author Boris Zhitkov wrote the 1931 short story Microhands, in which the narrator creates miniature hands to carry out intricate surgeries. And while that was nearly 100 years ago, the tale illustrates the real fundamentals of the nanoscience researchers are working on today. |
 | Social exclusion in virtual realities has a negative social and emotional impact in real lifeIn this age of highly realistic computer games and increasingly popular social networks, social exclusion in virtual worlds is becoming more and more socially significant, as is demonstrated by the growing number of "cyber mobbing" cases. However, up until now, very little research has been carried out into the impact of social exclusion in the digital world upon real-life social behaviour, and hardly any that addresses the latest developments such as Virtual Reality (VR) glasses. Anna Felnhofer from MedUni Vienna's Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine and Oswald Kothgassner from the Division of Clinical Psychology and Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine at Vienna General Hospital have now shown that exclusion from a virtual group has a significant negative impact upon willingness to help and social distance in the real world. |
Pilot study shows stable insulin production in type 1 diabetesA small pilot study in which researchers attempted to slow attacks mounted by the immune system on insulin-producing cells in type 1 diabetes has given promising results. The study by researchers at Linköping University in Sweden has been published in the scientific journal New England Journal of Medicine. | |
 | Stepping up the hunt for genetic diseasesWhen a child is conceived, he or she receives DNA from both parents. The child's own genome thus consists of a maternal and a paternal genome. However, some genes—about 100 out of the 20,000 encoded genes— are exclusively expressed either from the maternal or from the paternal genome, with the other copy of the gene remaining silent. We know that these imprinted genes are more likely to lead to serious genetic diseases, such as Prader–Willi or Angelman syndrome. Researchers at the University of Geneva (UNIGE), Switzerland, have devised a new technique, based on a combination of biology and bioinformatics, to quickly and accurately detect the imprinted genes expressed in each of the cell types that constitute the human organs. This major breakthrough will improve our understanding and diagnosis of genetic diseases. The study can be read in full in the American Journal of Human Genetics. |
 | Children's books may boost appetite for unhealthy foodReading picture books aloud remains a cherished ritual of childhood – one enjoyed by adults and children alike, whether at bedtime, in pre-school, or during story hour at the public library. |
 | Study finds hazardous chemicals in e-cigarette vapor on top of nicotine and flavoringsPortland State University researchers have found potentially hazardous chemical compounds in the basic liquid used in e-cigarettes. These chemicals are in addition to the ones found in an e-cigarette's nicotine and flavorings. |
 | Doctors prescribe more antibiotics when expectations are high, study saysExperimental evidence confirms what surveys have long suggested: Physicians are more likely to prescribe antibiotics when they believe there is a high expectation of it from their patients, even if they think the probability of bacterial infection is low and antibiotics would not be effective, according to a study published by the American Psychological Association. |
 | Investigational PfSPZ malaria vaccine shows considerable protection in adults in malaria seasonAn investigational malaria vaccine given intravenously was well-tolerated and protected a significant proportion of healthy adults against infection with Plasmodium falciparum malaria—the deadliest form of the disease—for the duration of the malaria season, according to new findings published in the February 15th issue of the journal Lancet Infectious Diseases. The study participants live in Mali, Africa, where they are naturally exposed to the parasite. |
 | Using air conditioner in summer may affect sleep qualityA study by a joint research team including professor Kazuyo Tsuzuki of Toyohashi University of Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology and Asahi Kasei Homes revealed that airflow from an air conditioner (AC) stimulates the human body while sleeping and impacts on sleep conditions even if the mean airflow velocity is lower than an insensible level. It suggests some AC setting may have an unintentional negative impact on sleep quality despite the comfort the person feels. |
 | Researchers develop potential treatment for fatal kidney diseaseResearchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center, working with a California biotech firm, have developed a potential drug to treat polycystic kidney disease - an incurable genetic disease that often leads to end-stage kidney failure. |
Spinal cord injury patients face many serious health problems besides paralysisParalysis is just one of the many serious health problems faced by patients who suffer spinal cord injuries. | |
Adolescents with weak working memory and progressive drug use at risk for later addictionsDrug use in adolescence is often linked to later substance-abuse problems, but a new study suggests that a key risk factor is a combination of weak working memory and difficulties with impulse control. | |
 | The fascinating history of hiccupsIf you've ever had a friend try to scare your hiccups away, you know how annoying and useless it is. A few years ago, it even proved deadly for a Texas man when a buddy who claims he was just trying to startle the victim out of a case of the hiccups actually shot and killed him! |
 | Study links outdoor air pollution with millions of preterm birthsScientists have published a major study which links outdoor air pollution with 2.7 million preterm births per year. |
 | Clinical trial for new innovative osteoarthritis drugThe University of Liverpool, in partnership with AKL Research and Development Ltd, is to lead on a clinical trial to test a potential new drug treatment for osteoarthritis. |
 | Researchers make breakthrough in fight against superbugResearchers at Queen's University Belfast have discovered why a lethal superbug is so resistant to the last line antibiotic meaning potential treatments could now be developed to fight the killer infection. |
Survival rate may be improving for extremely preterm infantsVery early preterm infants are more likely to survive than in previous years, and the survivors are less likely to have neurological problems, according to an analysis of records from a National Institutes of Health research network. | |
Study finds one compressed stent is sometimes more effective than two overlapping stents for brain aneurysmsThe old adage about two being better than one doesn't necessarily apply to brain surgery. | |
 | Treatment options for heart failureAsk any doctor what can be done to maintain a healthy heart and the answer will most likely be to eat healthy and exercise regularly. But what happens when someone's heart is not healthy and does not pump blood properly? A few symptoms may show up that should not be ignored. |
 | Molecular patterns of complex diseasesThe Helmholtz Zentrum München has published results of the largest genome-wide association study on proteomics to date. An international team of scientists reports 539 associations between protein levels and genetic variants in 'Nature Communications'. These associations overlap with risk genes for 42 complex diseases. |
Video messages clarify patients' wishes for critical versus end-of-life careAdding a patient-created video testimonial to a living will or "POLST" form can help to prevent errors of interpretation regarding the choice between life-sustaining treatment or allowing natural death in critically ill patients, according to a study in the March Journal of Patient Safety. | |
 | Being a tattoo artist is a pain in the neck, study findsGetting a tattoo may hurt, but giving one is no picnic, either. |
Researchers discover 'molecular switch' that causes auto-immune diseasesWednesday February 15, London: The discovery of the 'molecular switch' that causes inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and Celiac disease, could lead to more effective new treatments for these life-changing auto-immune conditions, according to research from scientists at King's College London and University College London. | |
| Smokers' memories could help them quitRather than inciting fear, anti-smoking campaigns should tap into smokers' memories and tug at their heartstrings, finds a new study by Michigan State University researchers. |
 | Doctors treat deadly cancerous disorders with gene-guided, targeted therapyGenomic testing of biopsies from patients with deadly, treatment-resistant cancerous blood syndromes called histiocytoses allowed doctors to identify genes fueling the ailments and use targeted molecular drugs to successfully treat them. |
 | For mosquito repellents, stick with the sprayIn a crowded marketplace of products advertised to repel mosquitoes, consumers are wise to trust spray-on repellents containing DEET or PMD, say researchers at New Mexico State University. In a comparison study of several mosquito-repellent products, "wearable" devices such as bracelets or sonic repellers were found to be largely ineffective in repelling Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. |
 | Targeting the biological clock could slow the progression of cancerDoes the biological clock in cancer cells influence tumour growth? Yes, according to a study conducted by Nicolas Cermakian, a professor in McGill University's Department of Psychiatry. |
 | Targeted radiosurgery better than whole-brain radiation for treating brain tumorsTumors that originate in other organs of the body and spread to the brain are known as metastatic brain tumors. According to the American Brain Tumor Association, this type of tumor is the most common in adults, affecting as many as 300,000 people each year. University of Missouri School of Medicine researchers compared two common postsurgical therapies for metastatic brain tumors and found that stereotactic radiosurgery can provide better outcomes for patients compared to whole-brain radiation. |
By the numbers: What are the most attractive female lips?What dimensions might create the most attractive lips in women? A new study published online by JAMA Facial Plastic Surgery used focus groups and morphed computed images to try to find out because established guidelines may help achieve optimal outcomes in lip augmentation. | |
 | How cancers trick the immune system into helping rather than harming themScientists at Trinity College Dublin have discovered how certain cancers hijack the immune system for their benefit, tricking it into helping rather than harming them. |
 | Scientists create novel model that shows progression from normal blood cells to leukemiaMount Sinai researchers have created a novel model that shows the step-by-step progression from normal blood cells to leukemia and its precursor diseases, creating replicas of the stages of the disease to test the efficacy of therapeutic interventions at each stage, according to a study to be published in Cell Stem Cell. |
 | Pancreatic islet cells in animals can 'flip' their fate to produce insulinAlpha cells in the pancreas can be induced in living mice to quickly and efficiently become insulin-producing beta cells when the expression of just two genes is blocked, according to a study led by researchers at the Stanford University School of Medicine. |
 | Mouse study reveals potential drug target for arthritis caused by chikungunya virusAn immune system proteinase called granzyme A appears to promote arthritic inflammation in mice infected with chikungunya virus, scientists report in a new PLOS Pathogens study. The study also suggested that granzyme A could serve as a potential target for new drugs to treat chikungunya and related viral arthritides in people. |
 | Identifying vaccination capacity for future foot-and-mouth outbreaksA new reactive vaccination strategy for future foot-and-mouth disease epidemics shows that significant cost savings can be achieved by accurately identifying our capacity to vaccinate - according to a new study published in PLOS Computational Biology. |
 | HIV hijacks common cells to spread infectionScientists at the Gladstone Institutes and the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), together with collaborators in Europe, discovered that a common type of cell within the human reproductive and intestinal tracts assists HIV in infecting immune cells. Understanding how these cells aid HIV could lead to new methods that prevent HIV transmission. |
 | Solving the puzzle of Alzheimer's disease(Edmonton, AB) Every day tens of thousands of Canadians unwillingly find themselves becoming shadows of their former selves. They grasp onto moments of clarity—fleeting windows of time—before slipping away again into confusion; robbed of memories, talents and their very personalities. |
Gene therapy used to treat Fabry disease—a world firstA team of Canadian physicians and researchers is believed to be the first in the world to have used gene therapy to treat a patient with Fabry disease, a rare inherited enzyme deficiency that can damage major organs and shorten lifespan. | |
 | Looking beyond cancer cells to understand what makes breast cancer spreadTo understand what makes breast cancer spread, researchers are looking at where it lives - not just its original home in the breast but its new home where it settles in other organs. What's happening in that metastatic niche where migrated cancer cells are growing? |
Test can detect HIV within a week of infection: researchersSpain's top research institution said Thursday it has patented an HIV test that can detect the AIDS-causing virus within a week of infection, the fastest yet. | |
Spanish woman gives birth to healthy twins at age 64 (Update)A doctor in northern Spain says a 64-year-old woman has given birth to healthy twins following her second successful pregnancy at an advanced age. | |
Social exclusion leads to conspiratorial thinking, study findsRecent polls have shown that many white, working-class people in America feel pushed out by society, a reason why many voted for President Donald Trump. Many of these supporters latched onto misinformation spread online, especially stories that justified their own beliefs. | |
 | Genome surgery with CRISPR-Cas9 to prevent blindnessIt is estimated that almost one in every ten people over 65 has some signs of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and its prevalence is likely to increase as a consequence of the aging population. AMD is a form of blindness, common in Caucasians, which causes distorted vision and blind spots. Scientists at the Center for Genome Engineering, within the Institute for Basic Science (IBS) report the use of CRISPR-Cas9 in performing "gene surgery" in the layer of tissue that supports the retina of living mice. Published in Genome Research, this study combines basic research and mouse model applications. |
 | Placebo and valium are equally effective for acute lower back pain in the EREmergency patients treated with naproxen and placebo had outcomes as good as or better than patients treated with naproxen and diazepam (trade name Valium) for acute lower back pain, according to the results of a double-blind, randomized clinical trial published last week in Annals of Emergency Medicine ("Diazepam Is No Better Than Placebo When Added to Naproxen for Acute Low Back Pain"). |
New studies unravel mysteries of how PARP enzymes workA component of an enzyme family linked to DNA repair, stress responses, and cancer also plays a role in enhancing or inhibiting major cellular activities under physiological conditions, new research shows. | |
 | Spider web of cancer proteins reveals new drug possibilitiesScientists at Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University have mapped a vast spider web of interactions between proteins in lung cancer cells, as part of an effort to reach what was considered "undruggable." |
 | Public health experts celebrate 30 years of CDC's prevention research solutions for communities with health disparitiesIt has been 30 years since the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) envisioned the creation of a bridge between academic public health research and public health practice. The result is the Prevention Research Centers (PRC) Program, currently a network of 26 academic institutions across the U.S. dedicated to moving new discoveries into the communities that need them. Marking this milestone, key members of the PRC Network community share their insights and commentaries to provide an insiders' perspective on the past, present, and future of the PRC Program in a special supplement to the American Journal of Preventive Medicine. |
 | Research sheds light on mechanisms underlying agingScientists have known for decades that drastically restricting certain nutrients without causing malnutrition prolongs health and lifespan in a wide range of species, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this effect have remained a mystery. |
 | US flu vaccine a good match; season moderate so farThis season's flu vaccine seems to be working pretty well, weakening the punch of a nasty bug that's going around, U.S. health officials said Thursday. |
 | Mothers and infants connect through songAs one of the first records of human music, infant-directed singing permeates cultural boundaries and parenting traditions. Unlike other forms of caregiving, the act of mothers singing to infants is a universal behavior that seemingly withstands the test of time. |
 | Dealing with diabetes distress(HealthDay)—People with diabetes have to think about their condition and make treatment decisions constantly—and all that extra work and worry can lead to psychological distress at times. |
 | FDA approves injectable psoriasis drug for tough cases(HealthDay)—A new drug to treat tough cases of the skin condition psoriasis has won approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. |
 | Pregnancy-linked diabetes poses risks for mom, baby(HealthDay)—Diabetes that develops during pregnancy—known as gestational diabetes—carries health risks for both the mom-to-be and her baby, new research confirms. |
 | When cocaine's in the mix, safe sex may not be(HealthDay)—The long list of health woes linked to cocaine abuse includes risky sexual behavior, a small, new study suggests. |
 | Post-menopausal? give exercise a try(HealthDay)—After menopause, moderate exercise can help women manage hot flashes, become more fit and feel better, a new study suggests. |
Siliq approved for plaque psoriasis(HealthDay)—The injected drug Siliq (brodalumab) has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to treat moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis in adults. | |
 | Direct admission to PCI center reduces mortality in STEMI(HealthDay)—For patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), direct admission to a primary PCI center is associated with lower 12-month mortality, according to a study published online Feb. 15 in JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions. |
 | Review: cannabidiol may be beneficial for oral mucositis(HealthDay)—Cannabidiol could be beneficial for the treatment of oral mucositis, although data on its use in dentistry are scarce, according to a review published online Feb. 12 in the Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics. |
 | Bariatric surgery tied to T2DM resolution in obese patients(HealthDay)—Five years after bariatric surgery, patients with type 2 diabetes who have the procedure show better improvements in quality of life and overall health, compared with those who only take diabetes medications, according to a study published in the Feb. 16 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine. |
Site of care may partly explain survival difference between kids and AYAs with leukemiaAdolescents and young adults (AYAs) with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who were not treated at specialized cancer centers had significantly worse five-year survival compared with children with these cancers who were treated at specialized cancer centers, whereas AYAs treated at specialized cancer centers had outcomes comparable to children treated at specialized cancer centers. | |
Depression or anxiety may increase risk of surgical wound complicationsPatients' mental health may affect their risk of experiencing wound-related complications after surgery, new research indicates. | |
 | An autism 'revolution' in the history of child developmentWhat is autism and how did we come to understand it as a spectrum? A new book by QMUL researcher Dr Bonnie Evans uncovers the social history of autism, how it has come to define so many lives, and why its meaning was transformed in modern Britain. |
New treatment guidelines help expand circle of care for women living with heart failureAt least one person is diagnosed with heart failure every minute. Of those living with the disease, half are women. While there is no cure, heart failure can be managed with the proper knowledge, treatment and support. Today, WomenHeart: The National Coalition for Women with Heart Disease, encouraged widespread dissemination of recently-updated guidelines that include new treatment options for millions living with heart failure. WomenHeart sees the guidelines as an important addition to treatment efforts to achieve positive outcomes for women with the disease. | |
Report: Clinicians should routinely counsel patients on physical activityA new study led by American Cancer Society researchers in collaboration with leading experts concludes that physical activity should be routinely assessed during the doctor-patient encounter, and that clinicians should design in collaboration with their patients a detailed physical activity plan with goals that should be set and monitored. The study uses concepts from public health and behavioral economics to provide practical advice to clinicians on effective counseling to patients. | |
 | Radiotherapy for invasive breast cancer increases the risk of second primary lung cancerEast Asian female breast cancer patients receiving radiotherapy have a higher risk of developing second primary lung cancer. |
 | Simple physical test identifies which children are more likely to suffer from cardiovascular diseases in the futureAn international study coordinated by the University of Granada (UGR) has shown that the level of aerobic capacity of children and adolescents, which can be assessed with a simple physical test called a 'shuttle run test,' is an excellent marker for identifying those with an increased risk of suffering from a cardiovascular disease or myocardial infarction in the future. |
Researchers say supervised injection sites needed in LondonThere is a need for supervised injection sites, and research has shown that to be the case in some of Canada's largest cities, including Vancouver, Toronto and Montreal. | |
Postmenopausal hormone therapy exceeding ten years may protect from dementiaPostmenopausal estrogen-based hormone therapy lasting longer than ten years was associated with a decreased risk of Alzheimer's disease in a large study carried out at the University of Eastern Finland. | |
Mosquito netting is effective for hernia repair in a low-income countryIn a study conducted in rural Uganda, use of mosquito mesh reduced the cost of groin hernia repair surgery by more than $120 (nearly €120) compared with a commercial mesh, without sacrificing effectiveness. | |
France adopts law against misleading anti-abortion websitesFrance's parliament has approved a bill criminalizing websites that carry purposely false information with the aim of dissuading women from having abortions. | |
 | Can breastfeeding reduce a woman's risk of metabolic syndrome?A new study shows that women who spend a longer time breastfeeding during their lifetimes may be able to lower their risk of metabolic syndrome and related disorders included elevated blood pressure, glucose, and triglyceride levels. Life-long breastfeeding of 12 months or longer was associated with a lower risk of metabolic syndrome, as reported in Journal of Women's Health. |
Limiting salt consumption lowers blood pressure in patients with kidney diseaseIn a study of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), simple advice from dieticians on limiting salt consumption led to reduced blood pressure. The findings, which appear in an upcoming issue of the Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (CJASN), point to a practical way to potentially improve CKD patients' health. | |
 | Discovery may help prevent tissue scarring and rejection of transplanted kidneysResearchers have identified a new pathway that likely plays an important role in rejection following kidney transplantation. The findings, which appear in an upcoming issue of the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (JASN), point to a promising strategy to help protect the health of recipients and the function of transplanted organs. |
 | Pizza, burgers and the like: A single high-fat meal can damage the metabolismThe global proliferation of overweight and obese people and people with type 2 diabetes is often associated with the consumption of saturated fats. Scientists at the German Diabetes Center (Deutsches Diabetes-Zentrum, DDZ) and the Helmholtz Center in Munich (HMGU) have found that even the one-off consumption of a greater amount of palm oil reduces the body's sensitivity to insulin and causes increased fat deposits as well as changes in the energy metabolism of the liver. The results of the study provide information on the earliest changes in the metabolism of the liver that in the long term lead to fatty liver disease in overweight persons as well as in those with type 2 diabetes. |
Turning the corner on the HIV epidemic in Zimbabwe, Malawi, and ZambiaNewly released findings from national HIV surveys in Zimbabwe, Malawi, and Zambia reveal extraordinary progress in confronting the HIV epidemic. These three countries in Southern Africa have been heavily affected by HIV, and now there are encouraging signs that the epidemics are going in the right direction. | |
Biology news
 | Gene editing patent ruling sways fortune of biotech hopefulsIn a highly anticipated decision that could sway the fortunes of a handful of biotechnology companies, the federal patent office has turned back a challenge to patents covering a widely used method for editing genes. |
 | Can't we all just get along—like India's cats and dogs?A new WCS study in India shows that three carnivores—tigers, leopards, and dholes (Asian wild dog)—seemingly in direct competition with one other, are living side by side with surprisingly little conflict. Usually, big cats and wild canids live in different locations to avoid each other. |
 | Whales use nested Russian-doll structure to protect nerve tissue during lunge divesWhen rorqual whales eat, they open their mouths and lunge. Their tongues invert as their mouths take in a huge volume of water and prey. In the process, nerves running through the ventral groove blubber along the floor of the whales' mouths stretch to more than double their length and then recoil again without suffering any damage in the process. Now, researchers reporting in Current Biology on February 16 have discovered that the secret to that stretch is not one but two layers of waviness. |
 | Rainbow dyes add greater precision to fight against 'superbugs'A study reported Feb. 17 in the journal Science led by researchers at Indiana University and Harvard University is the first to reveal in extreme detail the operation of the biochemical clockwork that drives cellular division in bacteria. |
 | In a possible step forward for gene therapy, researchers made mice glow like firefliesTimothy Blake, a postdoctoral fellow in the Waymouth lab, was hard at work on a fantastical interdisciplinary experiment. He and his fellow researchers were refining compounds that would carry instructions for assembling the protein that makes fireflies light up and deliver them into the cells of an anesthetized mouse. If their technique worked, the mouse would glow in the dark. |
'Resurrecting' tiny lake-dwelling animals to study evolutionary responses to pollutionA University of Michigan biologist combined the techniques of "resurrection ecology" with the study of dated lake sediments to examine evolutionary responses to heavy-metal contamination over the past 75 years. | |
 | Honey bee genetics sheds light on bee originsWhere do honey bees come from? A new study from researchers at the University of California, Davis and UC Berkeley clears some of the fog around honey bee origins. The work could be useful in breeding bees resistant to disease or pesticides. |
 | New mosquito trap smart enough to keep just the bad bugsA smart trap for mosquitoes? A new high-tech version is promising to catch the bloodsuckers while letting friendlier insects escape—and even record the exact weather conditions when different species emerge to bite. |
Bird-flu deaths rise in China, shutting poultry marketsChina is experiencing its deadliest outbreak of the H7N9 bird-flu strain since it first appeared in humans in 2013, killing 79 people in January alone and spurring several cities to suspend live poultry trade. | |
 | Cells divide by 'bricklaying on moving scaffolding'It is the most crucial mechanism in life - the division of cells. For 25 years, it has been known that bacteria split into two by forming a Z ring at their centre. They use this to cut themselves into two daughter cells. Using advanced microscopes, researchers from the universities of Harvard, Indiana, Newcastle, and Delft have succeeded in finding out how bacteria do this. The bacteria appear to build a new cell wall working from the outside in with the help of multiple molecular 'bricklayers', in about a quarter of an hour. What was completely unexpected was that the 'bricklayers' move along the inside of the wall under construction by 'treadmilling'; the building of the cell wall is performed from scaffolding that is continuously being moved at the front, while at the rear it is continuously being dismantled. |
Study shows how the predator brain organizes the huntFor scientists who study the brain, predatory hunting is a complex behavior involving different skills that must be exercised in an efficient and articulated manner if a predator is to succeed. | |
 | Biologists report findings on ants' internal navigation systemsBiologists of the University of Freiburg have used a spherical treadmill to investigate how desert ants navigate in a featureless environment. Cataglyphis desert ants live in salt pans and are ideal models for such navigation research. When they set out in search of food in their flat, bare, hostile environment, they are always able to find their way back to their nest via the shortest route possible using an internal navigation system. The biologists published their results in the Journal of Experimental Biology. |
 | Spread of lionfish in the Gulf of Mexico is threat to reef fisheriesAs the old saying goes: "You can't put the genie back in the bottle." |
 | Vitamins and aminoacids regulate stem cell biologyAn International Reserach Team coordinated by Igb-Cnr has discovered a key role of vitamins and amino acids in pluripotent stem cells. The research is published in Stem Cell Reports, and may provide new insights in cancer biology and regenerative medicine |
 | Decline of grass threatens world's most endangered antelopeUniversity of Wyoming researchers took a big step toward solving the mystery of the decline of hirola, a rare African antelope, conducting wildlife research in one of the most formidable environments—the border region of eastern Kenya and southern Somalia. |
 | Your dog can remember more than you thinkAny dog owner will tell you how smart they think their dog is. What we usually think of as smartness in dogs is measured or observed in their external behaviour. Being able to respond to commands, for example, or remember the location of a hidden toy. |
 | What causes whale mass strandings?Around 600 pilot whales recently became stranded on a New Zealand beach, around 400 of which died before volunteers could refloat them back into the sea. Sadly, this kind of mass whale stranding has occurred since human records began, and happens somewhere in the world on a regular basis. |
 | Modifying fat content in soybean oil with the molecular scissors Cpf1A team from the Center for Genome Engineering, within the Institute for Basic Research (IBS), succeeded in editing two genes that contribute to the fat contents of soybean oil using the new CRISPR-Cpf1 technology: an alternative of the more widely used gene editing tool CRISPR-Cas9. The results of this new plant gene editing method, applied to soybeans and wild tobacco genes, are published in Nature Communications. |
 | Physical basis of tissue coordination uncoveredThe little striped zebrafish starts out as single big cell sitting on top of the yolk. During the next 3 days, cells divide and tissues move to give the fish its final shape. But how do tissues coordinate their often-complicated movements? The physical basis of tissue coordination in early zebrafish development is subject of a study by Carl-Philipp Heisenberg, Professor at the Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria) and his group, including first author and postdoc Hitoshi Morita, and colleagues at The Francis Crick Institute in London and the Max-Planck-Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems in Dresden. Until now, little has been known about how tissues coordinate their movement both temporally and spatially during development. |
 | Roads are driving rapid evolutionary change in our environmentRoads are causing rapid evolutionary change in wild populations of plants and animals according to a Concepts and Questions paper published in Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. The paper is available now online in 'early view' ahead of being featured on the cover in the print edition on March 1. |
 | Study examines life history of imperiled rattlesnakeA new study is bringing attention to a little known and imperiled rattlesnake that slithers among the wetlands in regions surrounding the Great Lakes. |
 | Opinion: India's militant rhino protectors are challenging traditional views of how conservation worksIn Kaziranga, a national park in north-eastern India, rangers shoot people to protect rhinos. The park's aggressive policing is, of course, controversial, but the results are clear: despite rising demand for illegal rhino horn, and plummeting numbers throughout Africa and South-East Asia, rhinos in Kaziranga are flourishing. |
 | Women in Oregon fishing industry have important, but sometimes invisible roleWomen have always played an important role in Oregon's commercial fishing industry, even if they don't actually fish or work on boats - but a new study indicates their roles are changing. |
 | Biodiversity can promote ecosystem efficiencyHumans influence evolution. In the case of whitefish in Swiss lakes, one consequence of this is replacement of a diversity of specialised species by fewer generalists. A recent analysis now suggests that communities of diverse specialists utilise trophic resources more efficiently. |
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