Scientific Reports Biology Table of Contents e-alert: 17 January 2017

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17 January 2017      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports               Biological Sciences               Switch from sexual to parthenogenetic reproduction in a zebra shark ▶     Christine L. Dudgeon, Laura Coulton, Ren Bone et al.     Parthenogenesis is a natural form of asexual reproduction in which embryos develop in the absence of fertilisation. Most commonly found in plants and invertebrate organisms, an …             A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic ▶     Orlane Patrascu, Fabienne Béguet-Crespel, Ludovica Marinelli et al.     The digestion of dietary fibers is a major function of the human intestinal microbiota. So far this function has been attributed to the microorganisms inhabiting the colon, and …             Development and Evaluation of a High Density Genotyping ‘Axiom_Arachis’ Array with 58 K SNPs for Accelerating Genetics and Breeding in Groundnut ▶     Manish K. Pandey, Gaurav Agarwal, Sandip M. Kale et al.     Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most abundant DNA sequence variation in the genomes which can be used to associate genotypic variation to the phenotype. Therefore, …             Quantifying the relative contributions of different solute carriers to aggregate substrate transport ▶     Mehdi Taslimifar, Lalita Oparija, Francois Verrey et al.     Determining the contributions of different transporter species to overall cellular transport is fundamental for understanding the physiological regulation of solutes. We …             Genome Analysis of a Zygomycete Fungus Choanephora cucurbitarum Elucidates Necrotrophic Features Including Bacterial Genes Related to Plant Colonization ▶     Byoungnam Min, Ji-Hyun Park, Hongjae Park et al.     A zygomycete fungus, Choanephora cucurbitarum is a plant pathogen that causes blossom rot in cucurbits and other plants. Here we report the genome sequence of Choanephora …             Bacillus volatiles adversely affect the physiology and ultra-structure of Ralstonia solanacearum and induce systemic resistance in tobacco against bacterial wilt ▶     Hafiz Abdul Samad Tahir, Qin Gu, Huijun Wu et al.     Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by various bacteria have significant potential to enhance plant growth and to control phytopathogens. Six of the most effective …             Androgen Mediated Regulation of Endoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Degradation and its Effects on Prostate Cancer ▶     Yalcin Erzurumlu, Petek Ballar     The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) comprises thirty percent of the newly translated proteins in eukaryotic cells. The quality control mechanism within the ER distinguishes between …             Comparative genomics of canine-isolated Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis from an endemic focus of visceral leishmaniasis in Governador Valadares, southeastern Brazil ▶     Hugo O. Valdivia, Laila V. Almeida, Bruno M. Roatt et al.     Leishmaniasis is a highly diverse group of diseases caused by kinetoplastid of the genus Leishmania. These parasites are taxonomically diverse, with human pathogenic species …             Identification of wood-boring beetles (Cerambycidae and Buprestidae) intercepted in trade-associated solid wood packaging material using DNA barcoding and morphology ▶     Yunke Wu, Nevada F. Trepanowski, John J. Molongoski et al.     Global trade facilitates the inadvertent movement of insect pests and subsequent establishment of populations outside their native ranges. Despite phytosanitary measures, …             Characterization of two polyvalent phages infecting Enterobacteriaceae ▶     Sana Hamdi, Geneviève M. Rousseau, Simon J. Labrie et al.     Bacteriophages display remarkable genetic diversity and host specificity. In this study, we explore phages infecting bacterial strains of the Enterobacteriaceae family because of …             Urinary profiles of luteinizing hormone, estrogen and progestagen during the estrous and gestational periods in giant pandas (Ailuropda melanoleuca) ▶     Kailai Cai, Shangmian Yie, Zhihe Zhang et al.     Luteinizing hormone (LH) is one of the main pituitary hormones that regulate ovulation, however its role has not been studied in giant panda. In this study, we developed an ELISA …             Leptin sustains spontaneous remyelination in the adult central nervous system ▶     Ken Matoba, Rieko Muramatsu, Toshihide Yamashita     Demyelination is a common feature of many central nervous system (CNS) diseases and is associated with neurological impairment. Demyelinated axons are spontaneously remyelinated …             The same oculomotor vermal Purkinje cells encode the different kinematics of saccades and of smooth pursuit eye movements ▶     Zongpeng Sun, Aleksandra Smilgin, Marc Junker et al.     Saccades and smooth pursuit eye movements (SPEM) are two types of goal-directed eye movements whose kinematics differ profoundly, a fact that may have contributed to the notion …             Multi-response optimization of Artemia hatching process using split-split-plot design based response surface methodology ▶     V. V. Arun, Neelam Saharan, V. Ramasubramanian et al.     A novel method, BBD-SSPD is proposed by the combination of Box-Behnken Design (BBD) and Split-Split Plot Design (SSPD) which would ensure minimum number of experimental runs, …             The autofluorescence characteristics of bacterial intracellular and extracellular substances during the operation of anammox reactor ▶     Xiaolin Hou, Sitong Liu, Ying Feng     Anammox is a cost-effective process to treat nitrogenous wastewater. In this work, excitation–emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy was used to characterize the …             Corrigendum: Modelling mutational landscapes of human cancers in vitro ▶     Magali Olivier, Annette Weninger, Maude Ardin et al.                 Functional analysis reveals that RBM10 mutations contribute to lung adenocarcinoma pathogenesis by deregulating splicing ▶     Jiawei Zhao, Yue Sun, Yin Huang et al.     RBM10 is an RNA splicing regulator that is frequently mutated in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and has recently been proposed to be a cancer gene. How RBM10 mutations observed in LUA…             Fluctuations in Evolutionary Integration Allow for Big Brains and Disparate Faces ▶     Kory M. Evans, Brandon T. Waltz, Victor A. Tagliacollo et al.     In theory, evolutionary modularity allows anatomical structures to respond differently to selective regimes, thus promoting morphological diversification. These differences can …             Mitotic catastrophe is a putative mechanism underlying the weak correlation between sensitivity to carbon ions and cisplatin ▶     Daijiro Kobayashi, Takahiro Oike, Atsushi Shibata et al.     In cancer therapy today, carbon ion radiotherapy is used mainly as monotherapy, whereas cisplatin is used concomitantly with X-ray radiotherapy. The effectiveness of concomitant …             Adjuvant and carrier protein-dependent T-cell priming promotes a robust antibody response against the Plasmodium falciparum Pfs25 vaccine candidate ▶     Andrea J. Radtke, Charles F. Anderson, Nicolas Riteau et al.     Humoral immune responses have the potential to maintain protective antibody levels for years due to the immunoglobulin-secreting activity of long-lived plasma cells (LLPCs). …             Efficient generation of hPSC-derived midbrain dopaminergic neurons in a fully defined, scalable, 3D biomaterial platform ▶     Maroof M. Adil, Gonçalo M. C. Rodrigues, Rishikesh U. Kulkarni et al.     Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have major potential as an unlimited source of functional cells for many biomedical applications; however, the development of cell manufacturing …             Androgen receptor gene polymorphisms and risk of prostate cancer: a meta-analysis ▶     Hong Weng, Sheng Li, Jing-Yu Huang et al.     Although the association between CAG and GGN repeats in the androgen receptor gene and prostate cancer risk has been widely studied, it remains controversial from previous …             Protein crystal nucleation in pores ▶     Christo N. Nanev, Emmanuel Saridakis, Naomi E. Chayen     The most powerful method for protein structure determination is X-ray crystallography which relies on the availability of high quality crystals. Obtaining protein crystals is a …             Impact of age and vaccination history on long-term serological responses after symptomatic B. pertussis infection, a high dimensional data analysis ▶     Inonge van Twillert, Axel A. Bonačić Marinović, Betsy Kuipers et al.     Capturing the complexity and waning patterns of co-occurring immunoglobulin (Ig) responses after clinical B. pertussis infection may help understand how the human host gradually …             Insights into the molecular basis of long-term storage and survival of sperm in the honeybee (Apis mellifera) ▶     Ellen Paynter, A. Harvey Millar, Mat Welch et al.     Honeybee males produce ejaculates consisting of large numbers of high quality sperm. Because queens never re-mate after a single mating episode early in life, sperm are stored in …             Identification of misexpressed genetic elements in hybrids between Drosophila-related species ▶     Hélène Lopez-Maestre, Elias A. G. Carnelossi, Vincent Lacroix et al.     Crosses between close species can lead to genomic disorders, often considered to be the cause of hybrid incompatibility, one of the initial steps in the speciation process. How …             Formate simultaneously reduces oxidase activity and enhances respiration in Campylobacter jejuni ▶     Issmat I. Kassem, Rosario A. Candelero-Rueda, Kawthar A. Esseili et al.     The foodborne microaerophilic pathogen, Campylobacter jejuni, possesses a periplasmic formate dehydrogenase and two terminal oxidases, which serve to metabolize formate and …             Mechanisms of intrinsic resistance and acquired susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from cystic fibrosis patients to temocillin, a revived antibiotic ▶     Hussein Chalhoub, Daniel Pletzer, Helge Weingart et al.     The β-lactam antibiotic temocillin (6-α-methoxy-ticarcillin) shows stability to most extended spectrum β-lactamases, but is considered inactive against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. …             Paracrine cross-talk between skeletal muscle and macrophages in exercise by PGC-1α-controlled BNP ▶     Regula Furrer, Petra S. Eisele, Alexander Schmidt et al.     Activation of resident and infiltrating immune cells is a central event in training adaptation and other contexts of skeletal muscle repair and regeneration. A precise …             An Inert Pesticide Adjuvant Synergizes Viral Pathogenicity and Mortality in Honey Bee Larvae ▶     Julia D. Fine, Diana L. Cox-Foster, Christopher A. Mullin     Honey bees are highly valued for their pollination services in agricultural settings, and recent declines in managed populations have caused concern. Colony losses following a …             Temporal dynamics of cerebellar and motor cortex physiological processes during motor skill learning ▶     D. Spampinato, P. Celnik     Learning motor tasks involves distinct physiological processes in the cerebellum (CB) and primary motor cortex (M1). Previous studies have shown that motor learning results in at …             A computational psychiatry approach identifies how alpha-2A noradrenergic agonist Guanfacine affects feature-based reinforcement learning in the macaque ▶     S. A. Hassani, M. Oemisch, M. Balcarras et al.     Noradrenaline is believed to support cognitive flexibility through the alpha 2A noradrenergic receptor (a2A-NAR) acting in prefrontal cortex. Enhanced flexibility has been …             A disrupted transsulphuration pathway results in accumulation of redox metabolites and induction of gametocytogenesis in malaria ▶     Divya Beri, Balu Balan, Shweta Chaubey et al.     Intra-erythrocytic growth of malaria parasite is known to induce redox stress. In addition to haem degradation which generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), the parasite is also …             Ribosome profiling-guided depletion of an mRNA increases cell growth rate and protein secretion ▶     Thomas Beuchert Kallehauge, Shangzhong Li, Lasse Ebdrup Pedersen et al.     Recombinant protein production coopts the host cell machinery to provide high protein yields of industrial enzymes or biotherapeutics. However, since protein translation is …             Icaritin enhances mESC self-renewal through upregulating core pluripotency transcription factors mediated by ERα ▶     Wing Pui Tsang, Fengjie Zhang, Qiling He et al.     Utilization of small molecules in modulation of stem cell self-renewal is a promising approach to expand stem cells for regenerative therapy. Here, we identify Icaritin, a …             Origin of anti-tumor activity of the cysteine-containing GO peptides and further optimization of their cytotoxic properties ▶     Irina I. Tyuryaeva, Olga G. Lyublinskaya, Ivan S. Podkorytov et al.     Antitumor GO peptides have been designed as dimerization inhibitors of prominent oncoprotein mucin 1. In this study we demonstrate that activity of GO peptides is independent of …             Prebiotic galactooligosaccharides activate mucin and pectic galactan utilization pathways in the human gut symbiont Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron ▶     Alicia Lammerts van Bueren, Marieke Mulder, Sander van Leeuwen et al.     Galactooligosaccharides (GOS) are prebiotic carbohydrates that impart changes in the gut bacterial composition of formula-fed infants to more closely resemble that of breast-fed …             ATP Binding Cassette Transporter ABCA7 Regulates NKT Cell Development and Function by Controlling CD1d Expression and Lipid Raft Content ▶     Heba N. Nowyhed, Shilpi Chandra, William Kiosses et al.     ABCA7 is an ABC transporter expressed on the plasma membrane, and actively exports phospholipid complexes from the cytoplasmic to the exocytoplasmic leaflet of membranes. …             Differential susceptibility and maturation of thymocyte subsets during Salmonella Typhimurium infection: insights on the roles of glucocorticoids and Interferon-gamma ▶     Shamik Majumdar, Mukta Deobagkar-Lele, Vasista Adiga et al.     The thymus is known to atrophy during infections; however, a systematic study of changes in thymocyte subpopulations has not been performed. This aspect was investigated, using …             Epigenetic regulation of Plasmodium falciparum clonally variant gene expression during development in Anopheles gambiae ▶     Elena Gómez-Díaz, Rakiswendé S. Yerbanga, Thierry Lefèvre et al.     P. falciparum phenotypic plasticity is linked to the variant expression of clonal multigene families such as the var genes. We have examined changes in transcription and histone …             Visualization of the role of host heme on the virulence of the heme auxotroph Streptococcus agalactiae ▶     Laetitia Joubert, Jean-Baptiste Dagieu, Annabelle Fernandez et al.     Heme is essential for several cellular key functions but is also toxic. Whereas most bacterial pathogens utilize heme as a metabolic cofactor and iron source, the impact of host …             Apelin receptor homodimer-oligomers revealed by single-molecule imaging and novel G protein-dependent signaling ▶     Xin Cai, Bo Bai, Rumin Zhang et al.     The apelin receptor (APJ) belongs to family A of the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and is a potential pharmacotherapeutic target for heart failure, hypertension, and other …             Binding of N-methylscopolamine to the extracellular domain of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors ▶     Jan Jakubík, Alena Randáková, Pavel Zimčík et al.     Interaction of orthosteric ligands with extracellular domain was described at several aminergic G protein-coupled receptors, including muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. The …             Increasing the potential for malaria elimination by targeting zoophilic vectors ▶     Jessica L. Waite, Sunita Swain, Penelope A. Lynch et al.     Countries in the Asia Pacific region aim to eliminate malaria by 2030. A cornerstone of malaria elimination is the effective management of Anopheles mosquito vectors. Current …             Shifts in the fluorescence lifetime of EGFP during bacterial phagocytosis measured by phase-sensitive flow cytometry ▶     Wenyan Li, Kevin D. Houston, Jessica P. Houston     Phase-sensitive flow cytometry (PSFC) is a technique in which fluorescence excited state decay times are measured as fluorescently labeled cells rapidly transit a finely focused, …             Spatio-temporal coordination among functional residues in protein ▶     Sutapa Dutta, Mahua Ghosh, J. Chakrabarti     The microscopic basis of communication among the functional sites in bio-macromolecules is a fundamental challenge in uncovering their functions. We study the communication …             Photoacoustic pump-probe tomography of fluorophores in vivo using interleaved image acquisition for motion suppression ▶     Julia Märk, Asja Wagener, Edward Zhang et al.     In fluorophores, the excited state lifetime can be modulated using pump-probe excitation. By generating photoacoustic (PA) signals using simultaneous and time-delayed pump and …             High performance magneto-fluorescent nanoparticles assembled from terbium and gadolinium 1,3-diketones ▶     Rustem Zairov, Asiya Mustafina, Nataliya Shamsutdinova et al.     Polyelectrolyte-coated nanoparticles consisting of terbium and gadolinium complexes with calix[4]arene tetra-diketone ligand were first synthesized. The antenna effect of the …             18F-FLT and 18F-FDG PET/CT in Predicting Response to Chemoradiotherapy in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Preliminary Results ▶     Shi Qi, Yang Zhongyi, Zhang Yingjian et al.     The purpose of this study was to explore the feasibility of 18F-Fluorothymidine (18F-FLT) and 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography …             TNF-α regulates the proteolytic degradation of ST6Gal-1 and endothelial cell-cell junctions through upregulating expression of BACE1 ▶     Xiao Deng, Jun Zhang, Yan Liu et al.     Endothelial dysfunction and monocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cells are two critical steps in atherosclerosis development, and emerging evidence suggests that protein …             Non-invasive optical estimate of tissue composition to differentiate malignant from benign breast lesions: A pilot study ▶     Paola Taroni, Anna Maria Paganoni, Francesca Ieva et al.     Several techniques are being investigated as a complement to screening mammography, to reduce its false-positive rate, but results are still insufficient to draw conclusions. …             MicroRNA-19b is a potential biomarker of increased myocardial collagen cross-linking in patients with aortic stenosis and heart failure ▶     Javier Beaumont, Begoña López, Susana Ravassa et al.     This study analyzed the potential associations of 7 myocardial fibrosis-related microRNAs with the quality of the collagen network (e.g., the degree of collagen fibril …             MircoRNA-145 promotes activation of hepatic stellate cells via targeting krüppel-like factor 4 ▶     Ruoting Men, Maoyao Wen, Mingyue Zhao et al.     Krüppel-like Factor 4 (KLF4), a target gene of miR-145, can negatively regulate lung fibrosis. However, the potential role of KLF4 and miR-145 in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) …             Advances and Environmental Conditions of Spring Migration Phenology of American White Pelicans ▶     D. Tommy King, Guiming Wang, Zhiqiang Yang et al.     Spring migration phenology of birds has advanced under warming climate. Migration timing of short-distance migrants is believed to be responsive to environmental changes …             Transcriptomic basis for drought-resistance in Brassica napus L. ▶     Pei Wang, Cuiling Yang, Hao Chen et al.     Based on transcriptomic data from four experimental settings with drought-resistant and drought-sensitive cultivars under drought and well-watered conditions, statistical …             Intraarterial route increases the risk of cerebral lesions after mesenchymal cell administration in animal model of ischemia ▶     Bárbara Argibay, Jesse Trekker, Uwe Himmelreich et al.     Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising clinical therapy for ischemic stroke. However, critical parameters, such as the most effective administration route, remain unclear. …             Novel strain properties distinguishing sporadic prion diseases sharing prion protein genotype and prion type ▶     Laura Cracco, Silvio Notari, Ignazio Cali et al.     In most human sporadic prion diseases the phenotype is consistently associated with specific pairings of the genotype at codon 129 of the prion protein gene and conformational …             Population expansions dominate demographic histories of endemic and widespread Pacific reef fishes ▶     Erwan Delrieu-Trottin, Stefano Mona, Jeffrey Maynard et al.     Despite the unique nature of endemic species, their origin and population history remain poorly studied. We investigated the population history of 28 coral reef fish species, …             Chemical Isotope Labeling LC-MS for Monitoring Disease Progression and Treatment in Animal Models: Plasma Metabolomics Study of Osteoarthritis Rat Model ▶     Deying Chen, Xiaoling Su, Nan Wang et al.     We report a chemical isotope labeling (CIL) liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method generally applicable for tracking metabolomic changes from samples collected in …             Enhancement of Outflow Facility in the Murine Eye by Targeting Selected Tight-Junctions of Schlemm’s Canal Endothelia ▶     Lawrence C. S. Tam, Ester Reina-Torres, Joseph M. Sherwood et al.     The juxtacanalicular connective tissue of the trabecular meshwork together with inner wall endothelium of Schlemm’s canal (SC) provide the bulk of resistance to aqueous outflow …             De novo AML exhibits greater microenvironment dysregulation compared to AML with myelodysplasia-related changes ▶     Matheus Rodrigues Lopes, João Kleber Novais Pereira, Paula de Melo Campos et al.     The interaction between the bone marrow microenvironment and malignant hematopoietic cells can result in the protection of leukemia cells from chemotherapy in both …             Transcript profile analysis reveals important roles of jasmonic acid signalling pathway in the response of sweet potato to salt stress ▶     Huan Zhang, Qian Zhang, Hong Zhai et al.     Sweet potato is an important food and bio-energy crop, and investigating the mechanisms underlying salt tolerance will provide information for salt-tolerant breeding of this …             Corrigendum: Dynamics of plant DNA replication based on PCNA visualization ▶     Ryohei Yokoyama, Takeshi Hirakawa, Seri Hayashi et al.                 Shift of fleshy fruited species along elevation: temperature, canopy coverage, phylogeny and origin ▶     Shunli Yu, Ofir Katz, Weiwei Fang et al.     Plant communities differ in their fruit type spectra, especially in the proportions of fleshy and non-fleshy fruit types. However, which abiotic and biotic factors drive this …             Quantitative Fluorescence Quenching on Antibody-conjugated Graphene Oxide as a Platform for Protein Sensing ▶     Ao Huang, Weiwei Li, Shuo Shi et al.     We created an immunosensing platform for the detection of proteins in a buffer solution. Our sensing platform relies on graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets conjugated with antibodies …             Population Structure Analysis of Bull Genomes of European and Western Ancestry ▶     Neo Christopher Chung, Joanna Szyda, Magdalena Frąszczak et al.     Since domestication, population bottlenecks, breed formation, and selective breeding have radically shaped the genealogy and genetics of Bos taurus. In turn, characterization of …             SMIM1 variants rs1175550 and rs143702418 independently modulate Vel blood group antigen expression ▶     Mikael K. Christophersen, Magnus Jöud, Ram Ajore et al.     The Vel blood group antigen is expressed on the red blood cells of most individuals. Recently, we described that homozygosity for inactivating mutations in SMIM1 defines the rare …             Targeting the miR-200c/LIN28B axis in acquired EGFR-TKI resistance non-small cell lung cancer cells harboring EMT features ▶     Hiroki Sato, Kazuhiko Shien, Shuta Tomida et al.     MicroRNA (miR)-200 family members (miR-200s) are frequently silenced in advanced cancer and have been implicated in the process of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We …             Targeting pathogen metabolism without collateral damage to the host ▶     Jurgen R. Haanstra, Albert Gerding, Amalia M. Dolga et al.     The development of drugs that can inactivate disease-causing cells (e.g. cancer cells or parasites) without causing collateral damage to healthy or to host cells is complicated …             P-HYDROXYPHENYLPYRUVATE DIOXYGENASE from Medicago sativa is involved in vitamin E biosynthesis and abscisic acid-mediated seed germination ▶     Jishan Jiang, Zhihong Chen, Liping Ban et al.     P-HYDROXYPHENYLPYRUVATE DIOXYGENASE (HPPD) is the first committed enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of vitamin E, and is characterized by catalyzing the conversion of …             A Conditional Knockout Mouse Model Reveals a Critical Role of PKD1 in Osteoblast Differentiation and Bone Development ▶     Shao Li, Wanfu Xu, Zhe Xing et al.     The protein kinase D family of serine/threonine kinases, particularly PKD1, has been implicated in the regulation of a complex array of fundamental biological processes. However, …             Synergy of Lewis and Brønsted acids on catalytic hydrothermal decomposition of carbohydrates and corncob acid hydrolysis residues to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural ▶     Chao Wang, Liming Zhang, Tian Zhou et al.     5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is an important platform molecule in the synthesis of various chemicals and materials. Herein, we reported a simple and effective dehydration of …             Dengue virus compartmentalization during antibody-enhanced infection ▶     Eugenia Z. Ong, Summer L. Zhang, Hwee Cheng Tan et al.     Secondary infection with a heterologous dengue virus (DENV) serotype increases the risk of severe dengue, through a process termed antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). During …             Optogenetic Control of Heart Rhythm by Selective Stimulation of Cardiomyocytes Derived from Pnmt+ Cells in Murine Heart ▶     Yanwen Wang, Wee Khang Lin, William Crawford et al.     In the present study, channelrhodopsin 2 (ChR2) was specifically introduced into murine cells expressing the Phenylethanolamine n-methyltransferase (Pnmt) gene, which encodes for …             Significantly enhanced osteoblast response to nano-grained pure tantalum ▶     W. T. Huo, L. Z. Zhao, S. Yu et al.     Tantalum (Ta) metal is receiving increasing interest as biomaterial for load-bearing orthopedic applications and the synthetic properties of Ta can be tailored by altering its …             Non-interacting proteins may resemble interacting proteins: prevalence and implications ▶     Guillaume Launay, Nicoletta Ceres, Juliette Martin     The vast majority of proteins do not form functional interactions in physiological conditions. We have considered several sets of protein pairs from S. cerevisiae with no …             A label-retaining but unipotent cell population resides in biliary compartment of mammalian liver ▶     Janeli Viil, Mariliis Klaas, Kadri Valter et al.     Cells with slow proliferation kinetics that retain the nuclear label over long time periods–the label-retaining cells (LRCs)–represent multipotent stem cells in a number of adult …             Single PA mutation as a high yield determinant of avian influenza vaccines ▶     Ilseob Lee, Jin Il Kim, Sehee Park et al.     Human infection with an avian influenza virus persists. To prepare for a potential outbreak of avian influenza, we constructed a candidate vaccine virus (CVV) containing …             Genome-wide DNA methylation profile in mungbean ▶     Yang Jae Kang, Ahra Bae, Sangrea Shim et al.     DNA methylation on cytosine residues is known to affect gene expression and is potentially responsible for the phenotypic variations among different crop cultivars. Here, we …             Electrophoresis of polar fluorescent tracers through the nerve sheath labels neuronal populations for anatomical and functional imaging ▶     Matthew D. Isaacson, Berthold Hedwig     The delivery of tracers into populations of neurons is essential to visualize their anatomy and analyze their function. In some model systems genetically-targeted expression of …             Comparative proteomic analysis of liver antioxidant mechanisms in Megalobrama amblycephala stimulated with dietary emodin ▶     Changyou Song, Bo Liu, Jun Xie et al.     Oxidative stress is a toxicological endpoint that correlates with the nutrition status of fish through cellular damage, inflammation, and apoptosis. In order to understand the …             A ‘Landscape physiology’ approach for assessing bee health highlights the benefits of floral landscape enrichment and semi-natural habitats ▶     Cédric Alaux, Fabrice Allier, Axel Decourtye et al.     Understanding how anthropogenic landscape alteration affects populations of ecologically- and economically-important insect pollinators has never been more pressing. In this …             Rattlesnakes are extremely fast and variable when striking at kangaroo rats in nature: Three-dimensional high-speed kinematics at night ▶     Timothy E. Higham, Rulon W. Clark, Clint E. Collins et al.     Predation plays a central role in the lives of most organisms. Predators must find and subdue prey to survive and reproduce, whereas prey must avoid predators to do the same. The …             Glutamate Water Gates in the Ion Binding Pocket of Na+ Bound Na+, K+-ATPase ▶     Minwoo Han, Wojciech Kopec, Ilia A. Solov’yov et al.     The dynamically changing protonation states of the six acidic amino acid residues in the ion binding pocket of the Na+, K+ -ATPase (NKA) during the ion transport cycle are …             Pesticide-mediated interspecific competition between local and invasive thrips pests ▶     Xueyin Zhao, Stuart R. Reitz, Huiguo Yuan et al.     Competitive interactions between species can be mitigated or even reversed in the presence of anthropogenic influences. The thrips species Frankliniella occidentalis and Thrips …             Etanercept-Synthesising Mesenchymal Stem Cells Efficiently Ameliorate Collagen-Induced Arthritis ▶     Narae Park, Yeri Alice Rim, Hyerin Jung et al.     Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have multiple properties including anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects in various disease models and clinical treatments. These …             LPS promotes Th2 dependent sensitisation leading to anaphylaxis in a Pru p 3 mouse model ▶     Maria J. Rodriguez, Ana Aranda, Tahia D. Fernandez et al.     Pru p 3 is the major peach allergen in the Mediterranean area. It frequently elicits severe reactions, limiting its study in humans, raising the need for animal models to …             Inference of immune cell composition on the expression profiles of mouse tissue ▶     Ziyi Chen, Anfei Huang, Jiya Sun et al.     Mice are some of the widely used experimental animal models for studying human diseases. Defining the compositions of immune cell populations in various tissues from experimental …             Ciproxifan, a histamine H3 receptor antagonist, reversibly inhibits monoamine oxidase A and B ▶     S. Hagenow, A. Stasiak, R. R. Ramsay et al.     Ciproxifan is a well-investigated histamine H3 receptor (H3R) inverse agonist/antagonist, showing an exclusively high species-specific affinity at rodent compared to human H3R. …             Population genomic insights into variation and evolution of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae ▶     Samriti Midha, Kanika Bansal, Sanjeet Kumar et al.     Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae ( Xoo) is a serious pathogen of rice causing bacterial leaf blight disease. Resistant varieties and breeding programs are being hampered by the …             Structural basis of the interaction between the putative adhesion-involved and iron-regulated FrpD and FrpC proteins of Neisseria meningitidis ▶     Ekaterina Sviridova, Pavlina Rezacova, Alexey Bondar et al.     The iron-regulated protein FrpD from Neisseria meningitidis is an outer membrane lipoprotein that interacts with very high affinity (Kd ~ 0.2 nM) with the N-terminal domain of …             Optimum Leaf Removal Increases Nitrogen Accumulation in Kernels of Maize Grown at High Density ▶     Tiening Liu, Rundong Huang, Tie Cai et al.     Increasing plant density is one of the main approaches of achieving higher yields for modern maize crop. However, there exists leaf redundancy for high-density maize, and leaves …             Repair of osteochondral defects with in vitro engineered cartilage based on autologous bone marrow stromal cells in a swine model ▶     Aijuan He, Lina Liu, Xusong Luo et al.     Functional reconstruction of large osteochondral defects is always a major challenge in articular surgery. Some studies have reported the feasibility of repairing articular …             Altered Pathway Analyzer: A gene expression dataset analysis tool for identification and prioritization of differentially regulated and network rewired pathways ▶     Abhinav Kaushik, Shakir Ali, Dinesh Gupta     Gene connection rewiring is an essential feature of gene network dynamics. Apart from its normal functional role, it may also lead to dysregulated functional states by disturbing …             TFEB-mediated increase in peripheral lysosomes regulates store-operated calcium entry ▶     Luigi Sbano, Massimo Bonora, Saverio Marchi et al.     Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles mainly involved in catabolic processes. In addition, lysosomes can expel their contents outside of the cell via lysosomal exocytosis. Some …             Proteoliposomal formulations of an HIV-1 gp41-based miniprotein elicit a lipid-dependent immunodominant response overlapping the 2F5 binding motif ▶     Luis M. Molinos-Albert, Eneritz Bilbao, Luis Agulló et al.     The HIV-1 gp41 Membrane Proximal External Region (MPER) is recognized by broadly neutralizing antibodies and represents a promising vaccine target. However, MPER immunogenicity …             FcRγ-dependent immune activation initiates astrogliosis during the asymptomatic phase of Sandhoff disease model mice ▶     Yasuhiro Ogawa, Takafumi Sano, Masahiro Irisa et al.     Sandhoff disease (SD) is caused by the loss of β-hexosaminidase (Hex) enzymatic activity in lysosomes resulting from Hexb mutations. In SD patients, the Hex substrate GM2 …             Molecular phylogeny of a novel human adenovirus type 8 strain causing a prolonged, multi-state keratoconjunctivitis epidemic in Germany ▶     Elias Hage, Werner Espelage, Tim Eckmanns et al.     The German infectious disease surveillance system revealed an increase of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) from an average of 320 cases/year (2001 to 2010) up to 2146 and 1986 …             DOPAL derived alpha-synuclein oligomers impair synaptic vesicles physiological function ▶     N. Plotegher, G. Berti, E. Ferrari et al.     Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the death of dopaminergic neurons and by accumulation of alpha-synuclein (aS) aggregates in the surviving …             Combining Chemical Profiling and Network Analysis to Investigate the Pharmacology of Complex Prescriptions in Traditional Chinese Medicine ▶     Tongchuan Suo, Jinping Liu, Xi Chen et al.     We present a paradigm, combining chemical profiling, absorbed components detection in plasma and network analysis, for investigating the pharmacology of combination drugs and …             Increased Renal Clearance of Rocuronium Compensates for Chronic Loss of Bile Excretion, via upregulation of Oatp2 ▶     Long Wang, Mai-Tao Zhou, Cai-Yang Chen et al.     Requirement for rocuronium upon surgery changes only minimally in patients with end-stage liver diseases. Our study consisted of both human and rat studies to explore the reason. …             White to beige conversion in PDE3B KO adipose tissue through activation of AMPK signaling and mitochondrial function ▶     Youn Wook Chung, Faiyaz Ahmad, Yan Tang et al.     Understanding mechanisms by which a population of beige adipocytes is increased in white adipose tissue (WAT) reflects a potential strategy in the fight against obesity and …             Regulation of sleep plasticity by a thermo-sensitive circuit in Drosophila ▶     Angelique Lamaze, Arzu Öztürk-Çolak, Robin Fischer et al.     Sleep is a highly conserved and essential behaviour in many species, including the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. In the wild, sensory signalling encoding environmental …             Fluorescence assay of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase that may become a cancer biomarker ▶     Sheng Yin, Tsutomu Kabashima, Qinchang Zhu et al.     We developed an assay method for measuring dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) activity in cultured HeLa cells and fibroblasts, and in stage III stomach cancer and adjacent …             Soluble ectodomain CD163 and extracellular vesicle-associated CD163 are two differently regulated forms of ‘soluble CD163’ in plasma ▶     Anders Etzerodt, Ronan M. G. Berg, Ronni R. Plovsing et al.     CD163 is the macrophage receptor for uptake of hemoglobin-haptoglobin complexes. The human receptor can be shed from the macrophage surface owing to a cleavage site for the …             Bleaching drives collapse in reef carbonate budgets and reef growth potential on southern Maldives reefs ▶     C. T. Perry, K. M. Morgan     Sea-surface temperature (SST) warming events, which are projected to increase in frequency and intensity with climate change, represent major threats to coral reefs. How these …             Hole Transport in A-form DNA/RNA Hybrid Duplexes ▶     Jiun Ru Wong, Fangwei Shao     DNA/RNA hybrid duplexes are prevalent in many cellular functions and are an attractive target form for electrochemical biosensing and electric nanodevice. However the electronic …             A Nitric Oxide-Donating Statin Decreases Portal Pressure with a Better Toxicity Profile than Conventional Statins in Cirrhotic Rats ▶     Sarai Rodríguez, Imma Raurell, Manuel Torres-Arauz et al.     Statins present many beneficial effects in chronic liver disease, but concerns about safety exist. We evaluated the hepatic effects of a nitric oxide-releasing atorvastatin (NCX …             Temperature shapes coral-algal symbiosis in the South China Sea ▶     Haoya Tong, Lin Cai, Guowei Zhou et al.   &nbsnbsp; With the increase in sea surface temperature (SST), scleractinian corals are exposed to bleaching threats but may possess certain flexibilities in terms of their associations …             High response speed microfluidic ice valves with enhanced thermal conductivity and a movable refrigeration source ▶     Chaorun Si, Songtao Hu, Xiaobao Cao et al.     Due to their ease of fabrication, facile use and low cost, ice valves have great potential for use in microfluidic platforms. For this to be possible, a rapid response speed is …             Integrin β4 promotes cell invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition through the modulation of Slug expression in hepatocellular carcinoma ▶     Xiao-Long Li, Lin Liu, Dan-Dan Li et al.     Integrin β4 (ITGB4) is a transmembrane receptor involved in tumorigenesis and the invasiveness of many cancers. However, its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the …             Multimodality MRI assessment of grey and white matter injury and blood-brain barrier disruption after intracerebral haemorrhage in mice ▶     Jie Yang, Qian Li, Zhongyu Wang et al.     In this study, we examined injury progression after intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) induced by collagenase in mice using a preclinical 11.7 Tesla MRI system. On T2-weighted MRI, …             Perturbed CD8+ T cell TIGIT/CD226/PVR axis despite early initiation of antiretroviral treatment in HIV infected individuals ▶     Johanna Tauriainen, Lydia Scharf, Juliet Frederiksen et al.     HIV-specific CD8+ T cells demonstrate an exhausted phenotype associated with increased expression of inhibitory receptors, decreased functional capacity, and a skewed …             Soluble Uric Acid Activates the NLRP3 Inflammasome ▶     Tarcio Teodoro Braga, Maria Fernanda Forni, Matheus Correa-Costa et al.     Uric acid is a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP), released from ischemic tissues and dying cells which, when crystalized, is able to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome. …             Corrigendum: Construction and application of a co-expression network in Mycobacterium tuberculosis ▶     Jun Jiang, Xian Sun, Wei Wu et al.                 Corrigendum: Knockout of Foxp2 disrupts vocal development in mice ▶     Gregg A. Castellucci, Matthew J. McGinley, David A. McCormick                 Environmental DNA metabarcoding reveals local fish communities in a species-rich coastal sea ▶     Satoshi Yamamoto, Reiji Masuda, Yukuto Sato et al.     Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding has emerged as a potentially powerful tool to assess aquatic community structures. However, the method has hitherto lacked field tests that …             Critical role for CaFEN1 and CaFEN12 of Candida albicans in cell wall integrity and biofilm formation ▶     Md. Alfatah, Vinay K. Bari, Anubhav S. Nahar et al.     Sphingolipids are involved in several cellular functions, including maintenance of cell wall integrity. To gain insight into the role of individual genes of sphingolipid …             Transcriptome and network analyses in Saccharomyces cerevisiae reveal that amphotericin B and lactoferrin synergy disrupt metal homeostasis and stress response ▶     Chi Nam Ignatius Pang, Yu-Wen Lai, Leona T. Campbell et al.     Invasive fungal infections are difficult to treat. The few available antifungal drugs have problems with toxicity or efficacy, and resistance is increasing. To overcome these …             Extreme mitochondrial variation in the Atlantic gall crab Opecarcinus hypostegus (Decapoda: Cryptochiridae) reveals adaptive genetic divergence over Agaricia coral hosts ▶     Kaj M. van Tienderen, Sancia E. T. van der Meij     The effectiveness of migration in marine species exhibiting a pelagic larval stage is determined by various factors, such as ocean currents, pelagic larval stage duration and …             Alleviating liver failure conditions using an integrated hybrid cryogel based cellular bioreactor as a bioartificial liver support ▶     Apeksha Damania, Mohsin Hassan, Nana Shirakigawa et al.     Conventionally, some bioartificial liver devices are used with separate plasmapheresis unit to separate out plasma from whole blood and adsorbent column to detoxify plasma before …             Predicting drug-target interactions by dual-network integrated logistic matrix factorization ▶     Ming Hao, Stephen H. Bryant, Yanli Wang     In this work, we propose a dual-network integrated logistic matrix factorization (DNILMF) algorithm to predict potential drug-target interactions (DTI). The prediction procedure …             Erratum: Antigen-affinity controls pre-germinal center B cell selection by promoting Mcl-1 induction through BAFF receptor signaling ▶     Felix M. Wensveen, Erik Slinger, Martijn HA van Attekum et al.                 Parallel-META 3: Comprehensive taxonomical and functional analysis platform for efficient comparison of microbial communities ▶     Gongchao Jing, Zheng Sun, Honglei Wang et al.     The number of metagenomes is increasing rapidly. However, current methods for metagenomic analysis are limited by their capability for in-depth data mining among a large number …             Feeling Touched: Emotional Modulation of Somatosensory Potentials to Interpersonal Touch ▶     N. Ravaja, V. Harjunen, I. Ahmed et al.     Although the previous studies have shown that an emotional context may alter touch processing, it is not clear how visual contextual information modulates the sensory signals, …             Discovery and Mechanistic Characterization of Selective Inhibitors of H2S-producing Enzyme: 3-Mercaptopyruvate Sulfurtransferase (3MST) Targeting Active-site Cysteine Persulfide ▶     Kenjiro Hanaoka, Kiyoshi Sasakura, Yusuke Suwanai et al.     Very recent studies indicate that sulfur atoms with oxidation state 0 or −1, called sulfane sulfurs, are the actual mediators of some physiological processes previously …             The Herbivore-Induced Plant Volatiles Methyl Salicylate and Menthol Positively affect Growth and Pathogenicity of Entomopathogenic Fungi ▶     Yongwen Lin, Muhammad Qasim, Mubasher Hussain et al.     Some herbivore-induced-plant volatiles (HIPVs) compounds are vital for the functioning of an ecosystem, by triggering multi-trophic interactions for natural enemies, plants and …             Functional MRI of the Reserpine-Induced Putative Rat Model of Fibromyalgia Reveals Discriminatory Patterns of Functional Augmentation to Acute Nociceptive Stimuli ▶     Jack A. Wells, Sayaka Shibata, Akihiko Fujikawa et al.     Functional neuroimaging, applied to pre-clinical models of chronic pain, offers unique advantages in the drive to discover new treatments for this prevalent and oppressive …             Phenotyping for the dynamics of field wheat root system architecture ▶     Xinxin Chen, Qishuo Ding, Zbigniew Błaszkiewicz et al.     We investigated a method to quantify field-state wheat RSA in a phenotyping way, depicting the 3D topology of wheat RSA in 14d periods. The phenotyping procedure, proposed for …             Corrigendum: Ultra–sensitive droplet digital PCR for detecting a low–prevalence somatic GNAQ mutation in Sturge–Weber syndrome ▶     Yuri Uchiyama, Mitsuko Nakashima, Satoshi Watanabe et al.                 A mucin-like peptide from Fasciola hepatica instructs dendritic cells with parasite specific Th1-polarizing activity ▶     Verónica Noya, Natalie Brossard, Ernesto Rodríguez et al.     Fasciolosis is a trematode zoonosis of interest in public health and cattle production. We report here the immunostimulatory effect of a 66 mer mucin-like peptide from Fasciola …             Significance of oxygen transport through aquaporins ▶     Janusz J. Zwiazek, Hao Xu, Xiangfeng Tan et al.     Aquaporins are membrane integral proteins responsible for the transmembrane transport of water and other small neutral molecules. Despite their well-acknowledged importance in …             A novel toolbox for the in vitro assay of hepatitis D virus infection ▶     Jing-Hua Zhao, Ya-Li Zhang, Tian-Ying Zhang et al.     Hepatitis D virus (HDV) is a defective RNA virus that requires the presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) for its life cycle. The in vitro HDV infection system is widely used as a …             Thermal grill conditioning: Effect on contact heat evoked potentials ▶     Catherine R. Jutzeler, Freda M. Warner, Johann Wanek et al.     The ‘thermal grill illusion’ (TGI) is a unique cutaneous sensation of unpleasantness, induced through the application of interlacing warm and cool stimuli. While previous studies …             Intestinal microbiota as a tetrahydrobiopterin exogenous source in hph-1 mice ▶     Jaques Belik, Yulia Shifrin, Erland Arning et al.     Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is a cofactor of a number of regulatory enzymes. Although there are no known BH4 exogenous sources, the tissue content of this biopterin increases with …             Steady-state and dynamic network modes for perceptual expectation ▶     Uk-Su Choi, Yul-Wan Sung, Seiji Ogawa     Perceptual expectation can attenuate repetition suppression, the stimulus-induced neuronal response generated by repeated stimulation, suggesting that repetition suppression is a …             Detecting N6-methyladenosine sites from RNA transcriptomes using ensemble Support Vector Machines ▶     Wei Chen, Pengwei Xing, Quan Zou     As one of the most abundant RNA post-transcriptional modifications, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) involves in a broad spectrum of biological and physiological processes ranging from …             IGF-IR cooperates with ERα to inhibit breast cancer cell aggressiveness by regulating the expression and localisation of ECM molecules ▶     Nikolaos A. Afratis, Panagiotis Bouris, Spyros S. Skandalis et al.     IGF-IR is highly associated with the behaviour of breast cancer cells. In ERα-positive breast cancer, IGF-IR is present at high levels. In clinical practice, prolonged treatment …             Nitrosative Stress-Induced Disruption of Baroreflex Neural Circuits in a Rat Model of Hepatic Encephalopathy: A DTI Study ▶     Ching-Yi Tsai, Chia-Hao Su, Julie Y. H. Chan et al.     The onset of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in liver failure is associated with high mortality; the underlying mechanism is undecided. Here we report that in an acute liver failure …             Does retinal configuration make the head and eyes of foveate birds move? ▶     Bret A. Moore, Luke P. Tyrrell, Diana Pita et al.     Animals move their heads and eyes to compensate for movements of the body and background, search, fixate, and track objects visually. Avian saccadic head/eye movements have been …             Comparing GWAS Results of Complex Traits Using Full Genetic Model and Additive Models for Revealing Genetic Architecture ▶     Md. Mamun Monir, Jun Zhu     Most of the genome-wide association studies (GWASs) for human complex diseases have ignored dominance, epistasis and ethnic interactions. We conducted comparative GWASs for total …             A spiking neural network model of 3D perception for event-based neuromorphic stereo vision systems ▶     Marc Osswald, Sio-Hoi Ieng, Ryad Benosman et al.     Stereo vision is an important feature that enables machine vision systems to perceive their environment in 3D. While machine vision has spawned a variety of software algorithms …             Maintenance and Representation of Mind Wandering during Resting-State fMRI ▶     Ying-hui Chou, Mark Sundman, Heather E. Whitson et al.     Major advances in resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) techniques in the last two decades have provided a tool to better understand the functional …             Corrigendum: Contrasting effects of nitrogen and phosphorus addition on soil respiration in an alpine grassland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau ▶     Fei Ren, Xiaoxia Yang, Huakun Zhou et al.                 Oxytocin biases men but not women to restore social connections with individuals who socially exclude them ▶     Xiaolei Xu, Shuxia Yao, Lei Xu et al.     We normally react to individuals who exclude us socially by either avoiding them or increasing our attempts to interact with them. The neuropeptide oxytocin can promote social …             Establishment of a integrative multi-omics expression database CKDdb in the context of chronic kidney disease (CKD) ▶     Marco Fernandes, Holger Husi     Complex human traits such as chronic kidney disease (CKD) are a major health and financial burden in modern societies. Currently, the description of the CKD onset and progression …             Methionine residues around phosphorylation sites are preferentially oxidized in vivo under stress conditions ▶     Francisco J. Veredas, Francisco R. Cantón, J. Carlos Aledo     Protein phosphorylation is one of the most prevalent and well-understood protein modifications. Oxidation of protein-bound methionine, which has been traditionally perceived as …             Extracellular vesicle mediated intercellular communication at the porcine maternal-fetal interface: A new paradigm for conceptus-endometrial cross-talk ▶     Mallikarjun Bidarimath, Kasra Khalaj, Rami T. Kridli et al.     Exosomes and microvesicles are extracellular vesicles released from cells and can contain lipids, miRNAs and proteins that affect cells at distant sites. Recently, microvesicles …             Development of a 690 K SNP array in catfish and its application for genetic mapping and validation of the reference genome sequence ▶     Qifan Zeng, Qiang Fu, Yun Li et al.     Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are capable of providing the highest level of genome coverage for genomic and genetic analysis because of their abundance and relatively …             Dietary phytochemical PEITC restricts tumor development via modulation of epigenetic writers and erasers ▶     Jung Eun Park, Yang Sun, Sai Kiang Lim et al.     Dietary intake of bioactive phytochemicals including the cruciferous vegetable derivative phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) can reduce risk of human cancers, but possible …             Improving the Concentrations of the Active Components in the Herbal Tea Ingredient, Uraria crinita: The Effect of Post-harvest Oven-drying Processing ▶     Jung Chao, Yuntao Dai, Hao-Yuan Cheng et al.     Uraria crinita is widely used as a popular folk drink; however, little is known about how the post-harvest operations affect the chemical composition and bioactivity of UC. We …             Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-dependent regulation of pulmonary miRNA by chronic cigarette smoke exposure ▶     Sarah Rogers, Angela Rico de Souza, Michela Zago et al.     The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor historically known for its toxic responses to man-made pollutants such as dioxin. More recently, …             Proteome Response of Chicken Embryo Fibroblast Cells to Recombinant H5N1 Avian Influenza Viruses with Different Neuraminidase Stalk Lengths ▶     Yongtao Li, Fan Ming, Huimin Huang et al.     The variation on neuraminidase (NA) stalk region of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus results in virulence change in animals. In our previous studies, the special NA …             Katanin p80, NuMA and cytoplasmic dynein cooperate to control microtubule dynamics ▶     Mingyue Jin, Oz Pomp, Tomoyasu Shinoda et al.     Human mutations in KATNB1 (p80) cause severe congenital cortical malformations, which encompass the clinical features of both microcephaly and lissencephaly. Although p80 plays …             X-ray Structure and Enzymatic Activity Profile of a Core Papain-like Protease of MERS Coronavirus with utility for structure-based drug design ▶     Jozlyn R. Clasman, Yahira M. Báez-Santos, Robert C. Mettelman et al.     Ubiquitin-like domain 2 (Ubl2) is immediately adjacent to the N-terminus of the papain-like protease (PLpro) domain in coronavirus polyproteins, and it may play a critical role …             SOCS1 favors the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in melanoma, promotes tumor progression and prevents antitumor immunity by PD-L1 expression ▶     R. Berzaghi, V. S. C. Maia, F. V. Pereira et al.     Silencing of SOCS1 protein with shRNAi lentivirus (shR-SOCS1) led to partial reversion of the tumorigenic phenotype of B16F10-Nex2 melanoma cells. SOCS1 silencing inhibited cell …             Molecular evidence for the involvement of a polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein, GhPGIP1, in enhanced resistance to Verticillium and Fusarium wilts in cotton ▶     Nana Liu, Xueyan Zhang, Yun Sun et al.     Polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (PGIP), belonging to a group of plant defence proteins, specifically inhibits endopolygalacturonases secreted by pathogens. Herein, we showed …             Differential cytotoxic effects of graphene and graphene oxide on skin keratinocytes ▶     Marco Pelin, Laura Fusco, Verónica León et al.     Impressive properties make graphene-based materials (GBMs) promising tools for nanoelectronics and biomedicine. However, safety concerns need to be cleared before mass production …             Local anesthesia for transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy of the prostate: A meta-analysis ▶     Mingchao Li, Zhengyun Wang, Hao Li et al.     A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the efficacy of local anesthesia in alleviating pain during prostate biopsy. We searched relevant articles in PubMed and Embase. The …             NF-κB activation is critical for bacterial lipoprotein tolerance-enhanced bactericidal activity in macrophages during microbial infection ▶     Jinghua Liu, Jing Xiang, Xue Li et al.     Tolerance to bacterial components represents an essential regulatory mechanism during bacterial infection. Bacterial lipoprotein (BLP)-induced tolerance confers protection …             Lethal/sublethal responses of Daphnia magna to acute norfloxacin contamination and changes in phytoplankton-zooplankton interactions induced by this antibiotic ▶     Ying Pan, Shi-wei Yan, Ruo-zhu Li et al.     Although the well-known antibiotic norfloxacin (NOR) is recognized as an important environmental pollutant, little is known about its impacts on ecological processes, …             Mechanical Transgressive Segregation and the Rapid Origin of Trophic Novelty ▶     Roi Holzman, C. Darrin Hulsey     Hybrid phenotypes are often intermediate between those of parental species. However, hybridization can generate novel phenotypes when traits are complex. For instance, even when …             Functional Nanoarchitectures For Enhanced Drug Eluting Stents ▶     Yomna E. Saleh, Mohamed A. Gepreel, Nageh K. Allam     Different strategies have been investigated to allow for optimum duration and conditions for endothelium healing through the enhancement of coronary stents. In this study, a …             Glucose tolerance in mice exposed to light–dark stimulus patterns mirroring dayshift and rotating shift schedules ▶     Mariana G. Figueiro, Leora Radetsky, Barbara Plitnick et al.     Glucose tolerance was measured in (nocturnal) mice exposed to light–dark stimulus patterns simulating those that (diurnal) humans would experience while working dayshift (DSS) …             The prognostic role of EGFR-TKIs for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer ▶     Dan Zhao, Xuejing Chen, Na Qin et al.     Clinical trials have shown that epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) did not improve the survival of patients with EGFR-mutated non-small cell …             CircRNA_000203 enhances the expression of fibrosis-associated genes by derepressing targets of miR-26b-5p, Col1a2 and CTGF, in cardiac fibroblasts ▶     Chun-Mei Tang, Ming Zhang, Lei Huang et al.     Circular RNAs (circRNAs) participate in regulating gene expression in diverse biological and pathological processes. The present study aimed to investigate the mechanism …             Association of nsv823469 copy number loss with decreased risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pulmonary function in Chinese ▶     Xiaoliang Chen, Xiaoxiao Lu, Jiansong Chen et al.     It is highly possible that copy number variations (CNVs) in susceptible regions have effects on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) development, while long noncoding RNA …             TRIM22-Mediated Apoptosis is Associated with Bak Oligomerization in Monocytes ▶     Chi Chen, DongYan Zhao, Shu Fang et al.     Monocyte apoptosis is a key mechanism that orchestrates host immune responses during sepsis. TRIM22 is constitutively expressed at high levels in monocytes and plays important …             Integrated crop management practices for maximizing grain yield of double-season rice crop ▶     Depeng Wang, Jianliang Huang, Lixiao Nie et al.     Information on maximum grain yield and its attributes are limited for double-season rice crop grown under the subtropical environment. This study was conducted to examine key …             Growth and Morbidity of Gambian Infants are Influenced by Maternal Milk Oligosaccharides and Infant Gut Microbiota ▶     Jasmine C. C. Davis, Zachery T. Lewis, Sridevi Krishnan et al.     Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) play an important role in the health of an infant as substrate for beneficial gut bacteria. Little is known about the effects of HMO …             Longitudinal measurement and hierarchical classification framework for the prediction of Alzheimer’s disease ▶     Meiyan Huang, Wei Yang, Qianjin Feng et al.     Accurate prediction of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is important for the early diagnosis and treatment of this condition. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an early stage of AD. …             Corrigendum: Dynamics and genetics of a disease-driven species decline to near extinction: lessons for conservation ▶     M. A. Hudson, R. P. Young, J. D’Urban Jackson et al.                 Corrigendum: Differential transcriptional responses to Ebola and Marburg virus infection in bat and human cells ▶     Martin Hölzer, Verena Krähling, Fabian Amman et al.                 Development of microsatellite markers and estimation of inbreeding frequency in the parasitoid wasp Melittobia ▶     Jun Abe, Bart A. Pannebakker     The parasitoid wasp Melittobia is an important insect for basic and applied biology. Specifically, their extremely female-biased sex ratios, which contrast to the prediction of …             Multi-cellular natural killer (NK) cell clusters enhance NK cell activation through localizing IL-2 within the cluster ▶     Miju Kim, Tae-Jin Kim, Hye Mi Kim et al.     Multi-cellular cluster formation of natural killer (NK) cells occurs during in vivo priming and potentiates their activation to IL-2. However, the precise mechanism underlying …             Circulating T lymphocyte subsets, cytokines, and immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with bipolar II or major depression: a preliminary study ▶     Wei Wu, Ya-li Zheng, Li-ping Tian et al.     This study aimed to investigate the less known activation pattern of T lymphocyte populations and immune checkpoint inhibitors on immunocytes in patients with bipolar II disorder …             The effect of brumation on memory retention ▶     Anna Wilkinson, Anne Hloch, Julia Mueller-Paul et al.     Long-term torpor is an adaptive strategy that allows animals to survive harsh winter conditions. However, the impact that prolonged torpor has on cognitive function is poorly …             Corrigendum: A unique peptide deformylase platform to rationally design and challenge novel active compounds ▶     Sonia Fieulaine, Rodolphe Alves de Sousa, Laure Maigre et al.                 Local field potentials primarily reflect inhibitory neuron activity in human and monkey cortex ▶     Bartosz Teleńczuk, Nima Dehghani, Michel Le Van Quyen et al.     The local field potential (LFP) is generated by large populations of neurons, but unitary contribution of spiking neurons to LFP is not well characterised. We investigated this …             Exocyst subunit SEC3A marks the germination site and is essential for pollen germination in Arabidopsis thaliana ▶     Yan Li, Xiaoyun Tan, Mengru Wang et al.     Arabidopsis exocyst subunit SEC3A has been reported to participate in embryo development. Here we report that SEC3A is involved during pollen germination. A T-DNA insertion in …             Immunomagnetic separation of tumor initiating cells by screening two surface markers ▶     Chen Sun, Yuan-Pang Hsieh, Sai Ma et al.     Isolating tumor initiating cells (TICs) often requires screening of multiple surface markers, sometimes with opposite preferences. This creates a challenge for using bead-based …             Further evidence for microtubule-independent dimerization of TPPP/p25 ▶     J. Oláh, T. Szénási, S. Szunyogh et al.     Tubulin Polymerization Promoting Protein (TPPP/p25) is a brain-specific disordered protein that modulates the dynamics and stability of the microtubule network by its assembly …             The Neuropeptide Oxytocin Enhances Information Sharing and Group Decision Making Quality ▶     Tim R. W. De Wilde, Femke S. Ten Velden, Carsten K. W. De Dreu     Groups can make better decisions than individuals when members cooperatively exchange and integrate their uniquely held information and insights. However, under conformity …             EID3 directly associates with DNMT3A during transdifferentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells to NPC-like cells ▶     Liang Luo, Wen-Jin Chen, James Q. Yin et al.     There has been recently been increased interest in the plasticity of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UMSCs) and their potential in the treatment of neurological …             MiR-218 targets MeCP2 and inhibits heroin seeking behavior ▶     Biao Yan, Zhaoyang Hu, Wenqing Yao et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of evolutionarily conserved, 18–25 nucleotide non-coding sequences that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. Recent studies implicated …             Corrigendum: Targeting High Dynamin-2 (DNM2) Expression by Restoring Ikaros Function in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ▶     Zheng Ge, Yan Gu, Qi Han et al.                 Disease-modifying effect of intravenous immunoglobulin in an experimental model of epilepsy ▶     Min Chen, Thiruma V. Arumugam, Gayeshika Leanage et al.     Novel therapies that prevent or modify the development of epilepsy following an initiating brain insult could significantly reduce the burden of this disease. In light of …             Insights into an evolutionary strategy leading to antibiotic resistance ▶     Chun-Feng D. Hou, Jian-wei Liu, Charles Collyer et al.     Metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) with activity towards a broad-spectrum of β-lactam antibiotics have become a major threat to public health, not least due to their ability to rapidly …             Hypoxia activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling by regulating the expression of BCL9 in human hepatocellular carcinoma ▶     Wei Xu, Wang Zhou, Mo Cheng et al.     The Wnt/β-catenin signaling is abnormally activated in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). BCL9 is an essential co-activator in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling. …             A reduced mechanical model for cAMP-modulated gating in HCN channels ▶     Stephanie Weißgraeber, Andrea Saponaro, Gerhard Thiel et al.     We developed an in silico mechanical model to analyze the process of cAMP-induced conformational modulations in hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) …             Genetic Variants Identified from Epilepsy of Unknown Etiology in Chinese Children by Targeted Exome Sequencing ▶     Yimin Wang, Xiaonan Du, Rao Bin et al.     Genetic factors play a major role in the etiology of epilepsy disorders. Recent genomics studies using next generation sequencing (NGS) technique have identified a large number …             Traces of an ancient immune system – how an injured arthropod survived 465 million years ago ▶     Brigitte Schoenemann, Euan N. K. Clarkson, Magne Høyberget     This report of a severely injured trilobite from the Middle Ordovician (~465 Ma) accords with a number of similar observations of healed lesions observed in trilobites. The …             The NAC-type transcription factor OsNAC2 regulates ABA-dependent genes and abiotic stress tolerance in rice ▶     Jiabin Shen, Bo Lv, Liqiong Luo et al.     Plants can perceive environmental changes and respond to external stressors. Here, we show that OsNAC2, a member of the NAC transcription factor family, was strongly induced by …             Neutrophil elastase cleavage of the gC1q domain impairs the EMILIN1-α4β1 integrin interaction, cell adhesion and anti-proliferative activity ▶     Orlando Maiorani, Eliana Pivetta, Alessandra Capuano et al.     The extracellular matrix glycoprotein EMILIN1 exerts a wide range of functions mainly associated with its gC1q domain. Besides providing functional significance for adhesion and …             Actin-Interacting Protein 1 Contributes to Intranuclear Rod Assembly in Dictyostelium discoideum ▶     Hellen C. Ishikawa-Ankerhold, Wioleta Daszkiewicz, Michael Schleicher et al.     Intranuclear rods are aggregates consisting of actin and cofilin that are formed in the nucleus in consequence of chemical or mechanical stress conditions. The formation of rods …             Live visualization of genomic loci with BiFC-TALE ▶     Huan Hu, Hongmin Zhang, Sheng Wang et al.     Tracking the dynamics of genomic loci is important for understanding the mechanisms of fundamental intracellular processes. However, fluorescent labeling and imaging of such loci …             Auditory Localisation Biases Increase with Sensory Uncertainty ▶     Sara E. Garcia, Pete R. Jones, Gary S. Rubin et al.     Psychophysical studies have frequently found that adults with normal hearing exhibit systematic errors (biases) in their auditory localisation judgments. Here we tested (i) …             Deubiquitylation of hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) by ubiquitin-specific peptidase 15 (USP15) increases HBx stability and its transactivation activity ▶     Zhi-Jun Su, Jia-Shou Cao, Yan-Fang Wu et al.     Hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) plays important roles in viral replication and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. HBx is a rapid turnover protein and …             Antiproliferative Effects of 1α-OH-vitD3 in Malignant Melanoma: Potential Therapeutic implications ▶     Lucia Spath, Alessandra Ulivieri, Luca Lavra et al.     Early detection and surgery represent the mainstay of treatment for superficial melanoma, but for high risk lesions (Breslow’s thickness >0.75 mm) an effective adjuvant therapy …             Quaternary climate change drives allo-peripatric speciation and refugial divergence in the Dysosma versipellis-pleiantha complex from different forest types in China ▶     Yi-Han Wang, Hans Peter Comes, Ya-Nan Cao et al.     Subtropical China harbours the world’s most diverse temperate flora, but little is known about the roles of geographical and eco-climatic factors underlying the region’s …             A novel monoclonal antibody targeting coxsackie virus and adenovirus receptor inhibits tumor growth in vivo ▶     Manabu Kawada, Hiroyuki Inoue, Masunori Kajikawa et al.     To create a new anti-tumor antibody, we conducted signal sequence trap by retrovirus-meditated expression method and identified coxsackie virus and adenovirus receptor (CXADR) as …             From an indirect response pharmacodynamic model towards a secondary signal model of dose-response relationship between exercise training and physical performance ▶     Thierry Busso     The aim of this study was to test the suitability of using indirect responses for modeling the effects of physical training on performance. We formulated four different models …             Scale-up of nature’s tissue weaving algorithms to engineer advanced functional materials ▶     Joanna L. Ng, Lillian E. Knothe, Renee M. Whan et al.     We are literally the stuff from which our tissue fabrics and their fibers are woven and spun. The arrangement of collagen, elastin and other structural proteins in space and time …             Erratum: Discovery of a Carbazole-Derived Lead Drug for Human African Trypanosomiasis ▶     Sarah M. Thomas, Andrei Purmal, Michael Pollastri et al.                 Two-Layer Elastographic 3-D Traction Force Microscopy ▶     Begoña Álvarez-González, Shun Zhang, Manuel Gómez-González et al.     Cellular traction force microscopy (TFM) requires knowledge of the mechanical properties of the substratum where the cells adhere to calculate cell-generated forces from …             Nucleoplasmin-like domain of FKBP39 from Drosophila melanogaster forms a tetramer with partly disordered tentacle-like C-terminal segments ▶     Małgorzata Kozłowska, Aneta Tarczewska, Michał Jakób et al.     Nucleoplasmins are a nuclear chaperone family defined by the presence of a highly conserved N-terminal core domain. X-ray crystallographic studies of isolated nucleoplasmin core …             Soybean cyclophilin GmCYP1 interacts with an isoflavonoid regulator GmMYB176 ▶     Hemanta Raj Mainali, Arun Kumaran Anguraj Vadivel, Xuyan Li et al.     Cyclophilins (CYPs) belong to the immunophilin superfamily with peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase) activity. They catalyze the interconversion of the cis- and trans-…             First objective evaluation of taste sensitivity to 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP), a paradigm gustatory stimulus in humans ▶     Giorgia Sollai, Melania Melis, Danilo Pani et al.     Practical and reliable methods for the objective measure of taste function are critically important for studying eating behavior and taste function impairment. Here, we present …             Prediction of Local Quality of Protein Structure Models Considering Spatial Neighbors in Graphical Models ▶     Woong-Hee Shin, Xuejiao Kang, Jian Zhang et al.     Protein tertiary structure prediction methods have matured in recent years. However, some proteins defy accurate prediction due to factors such as inadequate template structures. …             Myosin phosphatase and RhoA-activated kinase modulate arginine methylation by the regulation of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells ▶     Adrienn Sipos, Judit Iván, Bálint Bécsi et al.     Myosin phosphatase (MP) holoenzyme is a protein phosphatase-1 (PP1) type Ser/Thr specific enzyme that consists of a PP1 catalytic (PP1c) and a myosin phosphatase target subunit-1 …             Hygroscopic motions of fossil conifer cones ▶     Simon Poppinga, Nikolaus Nestle, Andrea Šandor et al.     Conifer cones represent natural, woody compliant structures which move their scales as passive responses to changes in environmental humidity. Here we report on water-driven …             Alterations in the brain adenosine metabolism cause behavioral and neurological impairment in ADA-deficient mice and patients ▶     Aisha V. Sauer, Raisa Jofra Hernandez, Francesca Fumagalli et al.     Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) deficiency is an autosomal recessive variant of severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) caused by systemic accumulation of ADA substrates. Neurological …             Juvenile hormone biosynthesis in adult Blattella germanica requires nuclear receptors Seven-up and FTZ-F1 ▶     Ferran Borras-Castells, Claudia Nieva, José L. Maestro et al.     In insects, the transition from juvenile development to the adult stage is controlled by juvenile hormone (JH) synthesized from the corpora allata (CA) glands. Whereas a JH-free …             Evolution of protein N-glycosylation process in Golgi apparatus which shapes diversity of protein N-glycan structures in plants, animals and fungi ▶     Peng Wang, Hong Wang, Jiangtao Gai et al.     Protein N-glycosylation (PNG) is crucial for protein folding and enzymatic activities, and has remarkable diversity among eukaryotic species. Little is known of how unique PNG …             Analysis of the FGF gene family provides insights into aquatic adaptation in cetaceans ▶     Kiwoong Nam, Kyeong Won Lee, Oksung Chung et al.     Cetacean body structure and physiology exhibit dramatic adaptations to their aquatic environment. Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are a family of essential factors that regulate …             Regulation of plasma histamine levels by the mast cell clock and its modulation by stress ▶     Yuki Nakamura, Kayoko Ishimaru, Shigenobu Shibata et al.     At steady state, plasma histamine levels exhibit circadian variations with nocturnal peaks, which is implicated in the nighttime exacerbation of allergic symptoms. However, the …             “Mycobacterium massilipolynesiensis” sp. nov., a rapidly-growing mycobacterium of medical interest related to Mycobacterium phlei ▶     M. Phelippeau, S. Asmar, D. Aboubaker Osman et al.     In French Polynesia, respiratory tract clinical isolate M26, displayed unusual phenotype and contradictory phylogenetic affiliations, suggesting a hitherto unidentified …             The “curved lead pathway” method to enable a single lead to reach any two intracranial targets ▶     Chen-Yu Ding, Liang-hong Yu, Yuan-Xiang Lin et al.     Deep brain stimulation is an effective way to treat movement disorders, and a powerful research tool for exploring brain functions. This report proposes a “curved lead pathway” …             Hydroxysafflor yellow A attenuates the expression of inflammatory cytokines in acute soft tissue injury ▶     Fang Dong, Changjiang Xue, Yu Wang et al.     We examined the effect of hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) on the inflammatory response to strike-induced acute soft tissue injury in rats. Soft tissue injury was induced in rat …             Crystal Structure of StnA for the Biosynthesis of Antitumor Drug Streptonigrin Reveals a Unique Substrate Binding Mode ▶     Tianle Qian, Jing Wo, Yan Zhang et al.     Streptonigrin methylesterase A (StnA) is one of the tailoring enzymes that modify the aminoquinone skeleton in the biosynthesis pathway of Streptomyces species. Although StnA has …             Bacterial community composition in costal dunes of the Mediterranean along a gradient from the sea shore to the inland ▶     Haggai Wasserstrom, Susanne Kublik, Rachel Wasserstrom et al.     Sand dunes are unique ecosystems with distinct features which limited the accumulation of biomass. The distance from seashore affects both the physical properties of the sand …             MiR-488 inhibits proliferation and cisplatin sensibility in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells by activating the eIF3a-mediated NER signaling pathway ▶     Chao Fang, Yi-Xin Chen, Na-Yiyuan Wu et al.     Our previous studied indicated that eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3a (eIF3a) increases the sensitive of platinum-based chemotherapy in lung cancer. MiRNAs play an …             The role of macrophages in the susceptibility of Fc gamma receptor IIb deficient mice to Cryptococcus neoformans ▶     Saowapha Surawut, Thunnicha Ondee, Sujittra Taratummarat et al.     Dysfunctional polymorphisms of FcγRIIb, an inhibitory receptor, are associated with Systemic Lupus Erythaematosus (SLE). Cryptococcosis is an invasive fungal infection in SLE, …             Identifying a gene expression signature of cluster headache in blood ▶     Else Eising, Nadine Pelzer, Lisanne S. Vijfhuizen et al.     Cluster headache is a relatively rare headache disorder, typically characterized by multiple daily, short-lasting attacks of excruciating, unilateral (peri-)orbital or temporal …             Understanding the molecular mechanism for the differential inhibitory activities of compounds against MTH1 ▶     Mian Wang, Shuilian Zhou, Qing Chen et al.     MTH1 can hydrolyze oxidized nucleotides and is required for cancer survival. The IC50 values were 0.8 nM for TH287 with a methyl substitution, 5.0 nM for TH588 with a cyclopropyl …             Corrigendum: IL-17 Promotes Angiogenic Factors IL-6, IL-8, and Vegf Production via Stat1 in Lung Adenocarcinoma ▶     Qi Huang, Iimin Duan, Xin Qian et al.                 Alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor is required for amyloid pathology in brain endothelial cells induced by Glycoprotein 120, methamphetamine and nicotine ▶     Liqun Liu, Jingyi Yu, Li Li et al.     One of the most challenging issues in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) caused by HIV-1 virotoxins and drug abuse is the lack of understanding the underlying …             A Comprehensive Evaluation of the Activity and Selectivity Profile of Ligands for RGD-binding Integrins ▶     Tobias G. Kapp, Florian Rechenmacher, Stefanie Neubauer et al.     Integrins, a diverse class of heterodimeric cell surface receptors, are key regulators of cell structure and behaviour, affecting cell morphology, proliferation, survival and …             The Helicobacter cinaedi antigen CAIP participates in atherosclerotic inflammation by promoting the differentiation of macrophages in foam cells ▶     Mario Milco D’Elios, Francesca Vallese, Nagaja Capitani et al.     Recent studies have shown that certain specific microbial infections participate in atherosclerosis by inducing inflammation and immune reactions, but how the pathogens …             Disrupted global metastability and static and dynamic brain connectivity across individuals in the Alzheimer’s disease continuum ▶     Aldo Córdova-Palomera, Tobias Kaufmann, Karin Persson et al.     As findings on the neuropathological and behavioral components of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) continue to accrue, converging evidence suggests that macroscale brain functional …             Herb pair Danggui-Honghua: mechanisms underlying blood stasis syndrome by system pharmacology approach ▶     Shi-Jun Yue, Lan-Ting Xin, Ya-Chu Fan et al.     Herb pair Danggui-Honghua has been frequently used for treatment of blood stasis syndrome (BSS) in China, one of the most common clinical pathological syndromes in traditional …             Urinary exosome-derived microRNAs reflecting the changes of renal function and histopathology in dogs ▶     Osamu Ichii, Hiroshi Ohta, Taro Horino et al.     MicroRNAs act as post-transcriptional regulators, and urinary exosome (UExo)-derived microRNAs may be used as biomarkers. Herein, we screened for UExo-derived microRNAs …             Long-term MODIS observations of cyanobacterial dynamics in Lake Taihu: Responses to nutrient enrichment and meteorological factors ▶     Kun Shi, Yunlin Zhang, Yongqiang Zhou et al.     We developed and validated an empirical model for estimating chlorophyll a concentrations (Chla) in Lake Taihu to generate a long-term Chla and algal bloom area time series from …             Variation in short-term and long-term responses of photosynthesis and isoprenoid-mediated photoprotection to soil water availability in four Douglas-fir provenances ▶     Laura Verena Junker, Anita Kleiber, Kirstin Jansen et al.     For long-lived forest tree species, the understanding of intraspecific variation among populations and their response to water availability can reveal their ability to cope with …             Novel long-chain compounds with both immunomodulatory and MenA inhibitory activities against Staphylococcus aureus and its biofilm ▶     Seoung-ryoung Choi, Joel Frandsen, Prabagaran Narayanasamy     Menaquinone (MK) biosynthesis pathway is a potential target for evaluating antimicrobials in gram-positive bacteria. Here, 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate prenyltransferase (MenA) was …             Astragalus polysaccharides attenuate PCV2 infection by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress in vivo and in vitro ▶     Hongxia Xue, Fang Gan, Gang Qian et al.     This study explored the effects of Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) on porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) infections and its mechanism in vivo and vitro. First, fifty 2-week-old …             Diversity, distribution, and significance of transposable elements in the genome of the only selfing hermaphroditic vertebrate Kryptolebias marmoratus ▶     Jae-Sung Rhee, Beom-Soon Choi, Jaebum Kim et al.     The Kryptolebias marmoratus is unique because it is the only self-fertilizing hermaphroditic vertebrate, known to date. It primarily reproduces by internal self-fertilization in …             Transient anhedonia phenotype and altered circadian timing of behaviour during night-time dim light exposure in Per3−/− mice, but not wildtype mice ▶     Bruno Jacson Martynhak, Alexandra L. Hogben, Panos Zanos et al.     Industrialisation greatly increased human night-time exposure to artificial light, which in animal models is a known cause of depressive phenotypes. Whilst many of these …             New insights into the GINS complex explain the controversy between existing structural models ▶     Marta Carroni, Matteo De March, Barbara Medagli et al.     GINS is a key component of eukaryotic replicative forks and is composed of four subunits (Sld5, Psf1, Psf2, Psf3). To explain the discrepancy between structural data from …             Effect of seed morph and light level on growth and reproduction of the amphicarpic plant Amphicarpaea edgeworthii (Fabaceae) ▶     Keliang Zhang, Jerry M. Baskin, Carol C. Baskin et al.     Amphicarpic plants produce aerial and subterranean fruits on an individual plant, and these heteromorphic diaspores give rise to plants that differ in growth and ecology. …             Rye polyphenols and the metabolism of n-3 fatty acids in rats: a dose dependent fatty fish-like effect ▶     Fayçal Ounnas, Michel de Lorgeril, Patricia Salen et al.     As long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) of the n-3 series are critically important for human health, fish consumption has considerably increased in recent decades, resulting in …             MicroPattern: a web-based tool for microbe set enrichment analysis and disease similarity calculation based on a list of microbes ▶     Wei Ma, Chuanbo Huang, Yuan Zhou et al.     The microbiota colonized on human body is renowned as “a forgotten organ” due to its big impacts on human health and disease. Recently, microbiome studies have identified a large …             Quantitative proteomic profiling of the extracellular matrix of pancreatic islets during the angiogenic switch and insulinoma progression ▶     Alexandra Naba, Karl R. Clauser, D. R. Mani et al.     The angiogenic switch, the time at which a tumor becomes vascularized, is a critical step in tumor progression. Indeed, without blood supply, tumors will fail to grow beyond 1 mm3…             Fatty acid synthase 2 contributes to diapause preparation in a beetle by regulating lipid accumulation and stress tolerance genes expression ▶     Qian-Qian Tan, Wen Liu, Fen Zhu et al.     Diapause, also known as dormancy, is a state of arrested development that allows insects to survive unfavorable environmental conditions. Diapause-destined insects store large …             The Content of Imagined Sounds Changes Visual Motion Perception in the Cross-Bounce Illusion ▶     Christopher C. Berger, H. Henrik Ehrsson     Can what we imagine hearing change what we see? Whether imagined sensory stimuli are integrated with external sensory stimuli to shape our perception of the world has only …             An optimistic protein assembly from sequence reads salvaged an uncharacterized segment of mouse picobirnavirus ▶     Gabriel Gonzalez, Michihito Sasaki, Lucy Burkitt-Gray et al.     Advances in Next Generation Sequencing technologies have enabled the generation of millions of sequences from microorganisms. However, distinguishing the sequence of a novel …             Mammary extracellular matrix directs differentiation of testicular and embryonic stem cells to form functional mammary glands in vivo ▶     Robert D. Bruno, Jodie M. Fleming, Andrea L. George et al.     Previously, we demonstrated the ability of the normal mammary microenvironment (niche) to direct non-mammary cells including testicular and embryonic stem cells (ESCs) to adopt a …             Tomato progeny inherit resistance to the nematode Meloidogyne javanica linked to plant growth induced by the biocontrol fungus Trichoderma atroviride ▶     Hugo Agripino de Medeiros, Jerônimo Vieira de Araújo Filho, Leandro Grassi de Freitas et al.     Root-knot nematodes (RKN) are major crop pathogens worldwide. Trichoderma genus fungi are recognized biocontrol agents and a direct activity of Trichoderma atroviride (Ta) …             Plasma heme-induced renal toxicity is related to a capillary rarefaction ▶     Nahid Tabibzadeh, Céline Estournet, Sandrine Placier et al.     Severe hypertension can lead to malignant hypertension (MH) with renal thrombotic microangiopathy and hemolysis. The role of plasma heme release in this setting is unknown. We …             Comparative mitochondrial genomics toward exploring molecular markers in the medicinal fungus Cordyceps militaris ▶     Shu Zhang, Ai-Jing Hao, Yu-Xiang Zhao et al.     Cordyceps militaris is a fungus used for developing health food, but knowledge about its intraspecific differentiation is limited due to lack of efficient markers. Herein, we …             Generation of germline ablated male pigs by CRISPR/Cas9 editing of the NANOS2 gene ▶     Ki-Eun Park, Amy V. Kaucher, Anne Powell et al.     Genome editing tools have revolutionized the generation of genetically modified animals including livestock. In particular, the domestic pig is a proven model of human physiology …             Chemical complexity of odors increases reliability of olfactory threshold testing ▶     Anna Oleszkiewicz, Robert Pellegrino, Katharina Pusch et al.     Assessment of odor thresholds is a widely recognized method of measuring olfactory abilities in humans. To date no attempts have been made to assess whether chemical complexity …             Purification and differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells by membrane filtration and membrane migration methods ▶     Hong Reng Lin, Chao-Wen Heish, Cheng-Hui Liu et al.     Human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) are easily isolated from fat tissue without ethical concerns, but differ in purity, pluripotency, differentiation ability, and stem cell …             Simultaneous abrupt shifts in hydrology and fish assemblage structure in a floodplain lake in the central Amazon ▶     Cristhiana P. Röpke, Sidinéia Amadio, Jansen Zuanon et al.     Combined effects of climate change and deforestation have altered precipitation patterns in the Amazon. This has led to changes in the frequency of extreme events of flood and …             Efficient biosynthesis of a Cecropin A-melittin mutant in Bacillus subtilis WB700 ▶     Shengyue Ji, Weili Li, Abdul Rasheed Baloch et al.     The efficient production of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) for clinical applications has attracted the attention of the scientific community. To develop a novel microbial cell …             Loss of tricellular tight junction protein LSR promotes cell invasion and migration via upregulation of TEAD1/AREG in human endometrial cancer ▶     Hiroshi Shimada, Shyuetsu Abe, Takayuki Kohno et al.     Lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor (LSR) is a unique molecule of tricellular contacts of normal and cancer cells. We investigated how the loss of LSR induced cell …             Towards an emotional ‘stress test’: a reliable, non-subjective cognitive measure of anxious responding ▶     Jessica Aylward, Oliver J. Robinson     Response to stress or external threats is a key factor in mood and anxiety disorder aetiology. Current measures of anxious responding to threats are limited because they largely …             Ocular dominance plasticity: inhibitory interactions and contrast equivalence ▶     Daniel P. Spiegel, Alex S. Baldwin, Robert F. Hess     Brief monocular occlusion results in a transient change in ocular dominance, such that the previously patched eye makes a stronger contribution to the binocular percept after …             De novo assembly, annotation, and characterization of the whole brain transcriptome of male and female Syrian hamsters ▶     Katharine E. McCann, David M. Sinkiewicz, Alisa Norvelle et al.     Hamsters are an ideal animal model for a variety of biomedical research areas such as cancer, virology, circadian rhythms, and behavioural neuroscience. The use of hamsters has …             Epileptiform activity in the mouse visual cortex interferes with cortical processing in connected areas ▶     L. Petrucco, E. Pracucci, M. Brondi et al.     Epileptiform activity is associated with impairment of brain function even in absence of seizures, as demonstrated by failures in various testing paradigm in presence of …             Sox10+ adult stem cells contribute to biomaterial encapsulation and microvascularization ▶     Dong Wang, Aijun Wang, Fan Wu et al.     Implanted biomaterials and biomedical devices generally induce foreign body reaction and end up with encapsulation by a dense avascular fibrous layer enriched in extracellular …             Digestive and appendicular soft-parts, with behavioural implications, in a large Ordovician trilobite from the Fezouata Lagerstätte, Morocco ▶     Juan C. Gutiérrez-Marco, Diego C. García-Bellido, Isabel Rábano et al.     Trilobites were one of the most successful groups of marine arthropods during the Palaeozoic era, yet their soft-part anatomy is only known from a few exceptionally-preserved …             Covalent modification of pericardial patches for sustained rapamycin delivery inhibits venous neointimal hyperplasia ▶     Hualong Bai, Jung Seok Lee, Elizabeth Chen et al.     Prosthetic grafts and patches are commonly used in cardiovascular surgery, however neointimal hyperplasia remains a significant concern, especially under low flow conditions. We …             Use of Fibonacci numbers in lipidomics – Enumerating various classes of fatty acids ▶     Stefan Schuster, Maximilian Fichtner, Severin Sasso     In lipid biochemistry, a fundamental question is how the potential number of fatty acids increases with their chain length. Here, we show that it grows according to the famous …             Development of a multiple-hybrid population for genome-wide association studies: theoretical consideration and genetic mapping of flowering traits in maize ▶     Hui Wang, Cheng Xu, Xiaogang Liu et al.     Various types of populations have been used in genetics, genomics and crop improvement, including bi- and multi-parental populations and natural ones. The latter has been widely …             Genome-wide identification of novel ovarian-predominant miRNAs: new insights from the medaka (Oryzias latipes) ▶     Amine Bouchareb, Aurélie Le Cam, Jérôme Montfort et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, highly conserved non-coding RNAs that play important roles in the regulation of many physiological processes. However, the role of miRNAs in …             Independent Aftereffects of Fat and Muscle: Implications for neural encoding, body space representation, and body image disturbance ▶     Daniel Sturman, Ian D. Stephen, Jonathan Mond et al.     Although research addressing body size misperception has focused on socio-cognitive processes, such as internalization of the “ideal” images of bodies in the media, the …             Elucidating the modes of action for bioactive compounds in a cell-specific manner by large-scale chemically-induced transcriptomics ▶     Michio Iwata, Ryusuke Sawada, Hiroaki Iwata et al.     The identification of the modes of action of bioactive compounds is a major challenge in chemical systems biology of diseases. Genome-wide expression profiling of transcriptional …             Early life peripheral lipopolysaccharide challenge reprograms catecholaminergic neurons ▶     Lin Kooi Ong, Erin A. Fuller, Luba Sominsky et al.     Neonatal immune challenge with the bacterial mimetic lipopolysaccharide has the capacity to generate long-term changes in the brain. Neonatal rats were intraperitoneally injected …             Reinforcement learning accounts for moody conditional cooperation behavior: experimental results ▶     Yutaka Horita, Masanori Takezawa, Keigo Inukai et al.     In social dilemma games, human participants often show conditional cooperation (CC) behavior or its variant called moody conditional cooperation (MCC), with which they basically …             Neural codes of seeing architectural styles ▶     Heeyoung Choo, Jack L. Nasar, Bardia Nikrahei et al.     Images of iconic buildings, such as the CN Tower, instantly transport us to specific places, such as Toronto. Despite the substantial impact of architectural design on people’s …             Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases disrupt the cellulose fibers structure ▶     Ana Villares, Céline Moreau, Chloé Bennati-Granier et al.     Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are a class of powerful oxidative enzymes that breakdown recalcitrant polysaccharides such as cellulose. Here we investigate the …             Plasma Amino Acid Profile in Patients with Aortic Dissection ▶     Linlin Wang, Sha Liu, Wengang Yang et al.     Aortic dissection (AD), a severe cardiovascular disease with the characteristics of high mortality, is lack of specific clinical biomarkers. In order to facilitate the diagnosis …             HCN1 channels reduce the rate of exocytosis from a subset of cortical synaptic terminals ▶     Zhuo Huang, Gengyu Li, Carolina Aguado et al.     The hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN1) channels are predominantly located in pyramidal cell dendrites within the cortex. Recent evidence suggests these …             Comparison of the glycopattern alterations of mitochondrial proteins in cerebral cortex between rat Alzheimer’s disease and the cerebral ischemia model ▶     Houyou Yu, Changwei Yang, Shi Chen et al.     Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and ischemic brain injury are two major neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondrial dysfunction commonly occurs in AD and ischemic brain injury. Currently, …             Foliar application of the leaf-colonizing yeast Pseudozyma churashimaensis elicits systemic defense of pepper against bacterial and viral pathogens ▶     Gahyung Lee, Sang-Heon Lee, Kyung Mo Kim et al.     Yeast associates with many plant parts including the phyllosphere, where it is subject to harsh environmental conditions. Few studies have reported on biological control of …             Transcriptome analysis of neo-tetraploid rice reveals specific differential gene expressions associated with fertility and heterosis ▶     Haibin Guo, Jean Nestor Mendrikahy, Lei Xie et al.     Polyploid rice hybrids have a powerful biological and yield potential that may become a new way for rice breeding; however, low fertility is major hindrance in commercial …             Sinonasal Delivery of Resveratrol via Mucoadhesive Nanostructured Microparticles in a Nasal Polyp Mouse Model ▶     Mingyu Lee, Chun Gwon Park, Beom Kang Huh et al.     Resveratrol (RSV) has been shown to effectively suppress chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps in a mouse model; however, when locally administered to the sinonasal cavity, …             Core Transcription Factors, MicroRNAs, and Small Molecules Drive Transdifferentiation of Human Fibroblasts Towards The Cardiac Cell Lineage ▶     Nicolas Christoforou, Syandan Chakraborty, Robert D. Kirkton et al.     Transdifferentiation has been described as a novel method for converting human fibroblasts into induced cardiomyocyte-like cells. Such an approach can produce differentiated …             spict, a cyst cell-specific gene, regulates starvation-induced spermatogonial cell death in the Drosophila testis ▶     Ason C.-Y. Chiang, Heiko Yang, Yukiko M. Yamashita     Tissues are maintained in a homeostatic state by balancing the constant loss of old cells with the continued production of new cells. Tissue homeostasis can shift between high …             Haploinsufficiency of EHMT1 improves pattern separation and increases hippocampal cell proliferation ▶     Marco Benevento, Charlotte A. Oomen, Alexa E. Horner et al.     Heterozygous mutations or deletions of the human Euchromatin Histone Methyltransferase 1 (EHMT1) gene are the main causes of Kleefstra syndrome, a neurodevelopmental disorder …             An automated method for large-scale monitoring of seed dispersal by ants ▶     Audrey Bologna, Etienne Toffin, Claire Detrain et al.     Myrmecochory is the process of seed dispersal by ants; however, it is highly challenging to study, mainly because of the small size of both partners and the comparatively large …             Origin and evolution of MIR1444 genes in Salicaceae ▶     Meizhen Wang, Caili Li, Shanfa Lu     miR1444s are functionally significant miRNAs targeting polyphenol oxidase (PPO) genes for cleavage. MIR1444 genes were reported only in Populus trichocarpa. Through the …             Far-infrared protects vascular endothelial cells from advanced glycation end products-induced injury via PLZF-mediated autophagy in diabetic mice ▶     Cheng-Hsien Chen, Tso-Hsiao Chen, Mei-Yi Wu et al.     The accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in diabetic patients induces vascular endothelial injury. Promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger protein (PLZF) is a …             Osteoclastic miR-214 targets TRAF3 to contribute to osteolytic bone metastasis of breast cancer ▶     Jin Liu, Defang Li, Lei Dang et al.     The role of osteoclastic miRNAs in regulating osteolytic bone metastasis (OBM) of breast cancer is still underexplored. Here, we examined the expression profiles of …             The PPE2 protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis translocates to host nucleus and inhibits nitric oxide production ▶     Khalid Hussain Bhat, Shruti Srivastava, Sandeep Kumar Kotturu et al.     Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacterium that causes tuberculosis, is one of the most successful pathogens of humans. It has evolved several adaptive skills and evasion …             Benzyl Isothiocyanate potentiates p53 signaling and antitumor effects against breast cancer through activation of p53-LKB1 and p73-LKB1 axes ▶     Bei Xie, Arumugam Nagalingam, Panjamurthy Kuppusamy et al.     Functional reactivation of p53 pathway, although arduous, can potentially provide a broad-based strategy for cancer therapy owing to frequent p53 inactivation in human cancer. Us…             High fat diet-induced changes of mouse hepatic transcription and enhancer activity can be reversed by subsequent weight loss ▶     Majken Siersbæk, Lyuba Varticovski, Shutong Yang et al.     Epigenetic factors have been suggested to play an important role in metabolic memory by trapping and maintaining initial metabolic changes within the transcriptional regulatory …             Prevalence of feral swine disturbance at important archaeological sites over a large landscape in Florida ▶     Richard M. Engeman, Joseph S. Meyer, John B. Allen     Feral swine are globally known as one of the most destructive invasive vertebrates, damaging native habitats, native plants and animals, agriculture, infrastructure, spreading …             Nrf2 regulates gene-environment interactions in an animal model of intrauterine inflammation: Implications for preterm birth and prematurity ▶     Thomas E. Sussan, Kuladeep Sudini, C. Conover Talbot Jr. et al.     Preterm birth (PTB) is the leading cause of neonatal mortality, and surviving infants are at increased risk for lifelong disabilities. Intrauterine inflammation is an etiological …             Self-Assembly Assisted Fabrication of Dextran-Based Nanohydrogels with Reduction-Cleavable Junctions for Applications as Efficient Drug Delivery Systems ▶     Hao Wang, Tingting Dai, Shuyan Zhou et al.     In order to overcome the key challenge in improving both fabrication efficiency and their drug delivery capability of anti-cancer drug delivery systems (ACDDS), here polyacrylic …             Increased levels of CSF total but not oligomeric or phosphorylated forms of alpha-synuclein in patients diagnosed with probable Alzheimer’s disease ▶     Nour K. Majbour, Davide Chiasserini, Nishant N. Vaikath et al.     Several studies reported an association between CSF alpha-synuclein (α-syn) and tau in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and demonstrated the significance of α-syn in improving the …             IK acts as an immunoregulator of inflammatory arthritis by suppressing TH17 cell differentiation and macrophage activation ▶     Hye-Lim Park, Sang-Myeong Lee, Jun-Ki Min et al.     Pathogenic T helper cells (TH) and macrophages have been implicated in the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which can lead to severe synovial inflammation and bone …             Deficits in reinforcement learning but no link to apathy in patients with schizophrenia ▶     Matthias N. Hartmann-Riemer, Steffen Aschenbrenner, Magdalena Bossert et al.     Negative symptoms in schizophrenia have been linked to selective reinforcement learning deficits in the context of gains combined with intact loss-avoidance learning. Fundamental …             Loss of Coupling Distinguishes GJB1 Mutations Associated with CNS Manifestations of CMT1X from Those Without CNS Manifestations ▶     Charles K. Abrams, Mikhail Goman, Sarah Wong et al.     CMT1X, an X-linked inherited neuropathy, is caused by mutations in GJB1, which codes for Cx32, a gap junction protein expressed by Schwann cells and oligodendrocytes. Many GJB1 …             Allergy reduces the risk of meningioma: a meta-analysis ▶     Peng-fei Wang, Wen-Jun Ji, Xiao-hui Zhang et al.     Meningiomas are the most common brain tumours; however, little is known regarding their aetiology. The data are inconsistent concerning atopic disease and the risk of developing …             In-silico experiments of zebrafish behaviour: modeling swimming in three dimensions ▶     Violet Mwaffo, Sachit Butail, Maurizio Porfiri     Zebrafish is fast becoming a species of choice in biomedical research for the investigation of functional and dysfunctional processes coupled with their genetic and …             Tryptophan and Non-Tryptophan Fluorescence of the Eye Lens Proteins Provides Diagnostics of Cataract at the Molecular Level ▶     Anna Gakamsky, Rory R. Duncan, Nicola M. Howarth et al.     The chemical nature of the non-tryptophan (non-Trp) fluorescence of porcine and human eye lens proteins was identified by Mass Spectrometry (MS) and Fluorescence Steady-State and …             Diel-scale temporal dynamics recorded for bacterial groups in Namib Desert soil ▶     Eoin Gunnigle, Aline Frossard, Jean-Baptiste Ramond et al.     Microbes in hot desert soil partake in core ecosystem processes e.g., biogeochemical cycling of carbon. Nevertheless, there is still a fundamental lack of insights regarding …             Rules of tissue packing involving different cell types: human muscle organization ▶     Daniel Sánchez-Gutiérrez, Aurora Sáez, Pedro Gómez-Gálvez et al.     Natural packed tissues are assembled as tessellations of polygonal cells. These include skeletal muscles and epithelial sheets. 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