Nature Geoscience contents: January 2017 Volume 10 Number 1 pp1-68

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Advertisement January 2017 marks the 2nd anniversary of Nature Plants! Visit the journal to see what's been publishing and submit your research. TABLE OF CONTENTS January 2017 Volume 10, Issue 1 Editorial News and Views Articles Subscribe   Facebook   RSS   Recommend to library   Twitter   Advertisement npj Clean Water: open for submissions  An open access, online-only journal, dedicated to publishing high-quality papers that describe the significant and cutting-edge research that continues to ensure the supply of clean water to populations. Explore the benefits of submitting your next manuscript.   Editorial Top More space for space   p1 doi:10.1038/ngeo2874 Born from astronomy, the study of planets is becoming increasingly geoscience. As divisions between disciplines continue to blur in Solar System studies, at Nature Geoscience we are looking forward to exciting joint projects with Nature Astronomy. News and Views Top Carbon cycle: New pathways in the sand   pp3 - 4 Alexandra Rao doi:10.1038/ngeo2855 Organic carbon decomposition in anoxic marine sediments was thought to be dominated by bacteria, but experimental data and microbial culture studies now show that microalgae buried in coastal sands may also play an important role in carbon turnover. See also: Article by Bourke et al. Plate tectonics: A supercontinental boost   pp4 - 5 Adrian Lenardic doi:10.1038/ngeo2862 180 million years ago Earth's continents were amalgamated into one supercontinent called Pangaea. Analysis of oceanic crust formed since that time suggests that the cooling rate of Earth was enhanced in the wake of Pangaea's dispersal. See also: Article by Van Avendonk et al. Mark pagani: Carbon and ancient climates   p6 Jessica E. Tierney & Katherine H. Freeman doi:10.1038/ngeo2867 Palaeoclimate: Climate's playground   pp7 - 8 Nerilie J. Abram doi:10.1038/ngeo2856 Abrupt climate changes in the glacial North Atlantic altered the position of wind systems in the Northern Hemisphere and tropics. Ice-core data show that this disruption also reached the southern westerlies. See also: Article by Markle et al. Geoscience JOBS of the week Cancer Epigenetic Postdoctoral Position Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus Head of Data Analysis King's College London Exciting PhD Positions in Molecular Medicine CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Staff Scientist Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute Post-doctoral position Molecular Cancer Biology GIGA More Science jobs from Geoscience EVENT Computing for the future of the planet 02.03.17 London, UK More science events from Articles Top Silicate mineralogy at the surface of Mercury   pp9 - 13 Olivier Namur & Bernard Charlier doi:10.1038/ngeo2860 The MESSENGER spacecraft has revealed geochemical diversity across Mercury's surface. Magma crystallization experiments suggest a crustal mineralogy consistent with a transition towards shallower and cooler mantle melting conditions. Evidence for an early wet Moon from experimental crystallization of the lunar magma ocean   pp14 - 18 Yanhao Lin, Elodie J. Tronche, Edgar S. Steenstra & Wim van Westrenen doi:10.1038/ngeo2845 The Moon is thought to have initially had a magma ocean that gradually solidified. Crystallization experiments find that the resulting crustal thickness depends on water content and is consistent with significant water in the early Moon. Competitive fitness of a predominant pelagic calcifier impaired by ocean acidification   pp19 - 23 Ulf Riebesell, Lennart T. Bach, Richard G. J. Bellerby, J. Rafael Bermúdez Monsalve, Tim Boxhammer et al. doi:10.1038/ngeo2854 Ocean acidification can affect growth and calcification rates of calcifying phytoplankton. Mesocosm experiments reveal that acidification can also cause declines in population size and inhibit bloom formation. N2 production rates limited by nitrite availability in the Bay of Bengal oxygen minimum zone   pp24 - 29 L. A. Bristow, C. M. Callbeck, M. Larsen, M. A. Altabet, J. Dekaezemacker et al. doi:10.1038/ngeo2847 Nitrogen losses have not been observed in the Bay of Bengal, unlike in other ocean oxygen minimum zones. Chemical and molecular analyses reveal that trace levels of oxygen inhibit nitrate formation, largely preventing microbial N2 production. Metabolism in anoxic permeable sediments is dominated by eukaryotic dark fermentation   pp30 - 35 Michael F. Bourke, Philip J. Marriott, Ronnie N. Glud, Harald Hasler-Sheetal, Manoj Kamalanathan et al. doi:10.1038/ngeo2843 Bacteria have been assumed to dominate organic matter decomposition in marine sediments. In flow-through reactor experiments, algae were revealed to be primarily responsible for anaerobically metabolizing organic matter in permeable sediments. See also: News and Views by Rao Global atmospheric teleconnections during Dansgaard–Oeschger events   pp36 - 40 Bradley R. Markle, Eric J. Steig, Christo Buizert, Spruce W. Schoenemann, Cecilia M. Bitz et al. doi:10.1038/ngeo2848 Abrupt glacial climate changes were slowly communicated between hemispheres by oceanic heat transport. Ice core data point to more rapid atmospheric teleconnections linking the North Atlantic, tropics, and southern storm track. See also: News and Views by Abram Constraints on ocean carbonate chemistry and pCO2 in the Archaean and Palaeoproterozoic   pp41 - 45 C. L. Blättler, L. R. Kump, W. W. Fischer, G. Paris, J. J. Kasbohm et al. doi:10.1038/ngeo2844 The composition of the oceans on early Earth has been challenging to assess. Calcium isotope records from carbonate rocks formed 1.9 to 2.7 billion years ago rule out high alkalinity, and are consistent with moderate to high CO2 concentrations. Metamorphic record of catastrophic pressure drops in subduction zones   pp46 - 50 P. Yamato & J. P. Brun doi:10.1038/ngeo2852 Rocks are altered by high pressure during subduction. Analysis of exhumed metamorphic rocks suggests that the peak pressures recorded within minerals mark a change in tectonic regime within a subduction zone, rather than burial depth. Subduction megathrust creep governed by pressure solution and frictional–viscous flow   pp51 - 57 Åke Fagereng & Sabine A. M. den Hartog doi:10.1038/ngeo2857 The controls on fast versus slow fault slip in subduction zones are unclear. Rock deformation experiments suggest that faults within the seismogenic region of a subduction zone may slip aseismically due to pressure solution creep. Decrease in oceanic crustal thickness since the breakup of Pangaea   pp58 - 61 Harm J. A. Van Avendonk, Joshua K. Davis, Jennifer L. Harding & Lawrence A. Lawver doi:10.1038/ngeo2849 Thicker oceanic crust forms from a hot mantle. Observations of unusually thick oceanic crust that formed 170 million years ago in the Atlantic and Indian oceans suggest that the ancient supercontinent Pangaea helped insulate and warm the mantle. See also: News and Views by Lenardic An accelerating high-latitude jet in Earth's core   pp62 - 68 Philip W. Livermore, Rainer Hollerbach & Christopher C. Finlay doi:10.1038/ngeo2859 Satellite observations have detected localized magnetic field changes at high latitudes. Simulations suggest these changes can be explained by a westward jet in the liquid core, which has been accelerating over the past 15 years. Top Natureevents is a fully searchable, multi-disciplinary database designed to maximise exposure for events organisers. The contents of the Natureevents Directory are now live. The digital version is available here. Find the latest scientific conferences, courses, meetings and symposia on natureevents.com. 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