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Advertisement |  | Unexplored opportunities in the druggable human genome
This poster presents a categorization of human proteins based on the amount of data on them, highlighting a knowledge deficit and indicating novel drug discovery opportunities.
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Visit our open access funding page or contact openaccess@nature.com to learn more about APC funding. | | | | | | | | | | Latest Articles | View all Articles | | | | | In vivo single-molecule imaging of syntaxin1A reveals polyphosphoinositide- and activity-dependent trapping in presynaptic nanoclusters OPEN | | | Adekunle T. Bademosi, Elsa Lauwers, Pranesh Padmanabhan, Lorenzo Odierna, Ye Jin Chai, Andreas Papadopulos, Geoffrey J. Goodhill, Patrik Verstreken, Bruno van Swinderen and Frédéric A. Meunier | | | Syntaxin1A (Sx1A) is organized in nanoclusters in neurosecretory cells but how these nanoclusters are affected by neurotransmitter release in a living organism is unknown. Here the authors perform single molecule imaging analysis in live fly larvae and show that the lateral diffusion and trapping of Sx1A in nanoclusters are altered by synaptic activity. | | | 03 January 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13660 | | |
| Therapeutic microparticles functionalized with biomimetic cardiac stem cell membranes and secretome OPEN | | | Junnan Tang, Deliang Shen, Thomas George Caranasos, Zegen Wang, Adam C. Vandergriff, Tyler A. Allen, Michael Taylor Hensley, Phuong-Uyen Dinh, Jhon Cores, Tao-Sheng Li, Jinying Zhang, Quancheng Kan and Ke Cheng | | | Stem cells exert their beneficial effects through secretion of regenerative factors. Here, the authors take the membranes and secreted factors from cardiac stem cells and generate a synthetic cell-mimicking microparticle, which, on injection in a mouse model of myocardial infarction, improves cardiac function. | | | 03 January 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13724 | | |
| Lasing in dark and bright modes of a finite-sized plasmonic lattice OPEN | | | T. K. Hakala, H. T. Rekola, A. I. Väkeväinen, J.-P. Martikainen, M. Nečada, A. J. Moilanen and P. Törmä | | | Plasmonic dark modes are promising candidates for lasing applications. Here, Hakala et al. show lasing at visible wavelengths in dark and bright modes of an array of silver nanoparticles combined with optically pumped dye molecules, opening up a route to utilization of all modes of plasmonic lattices. | | | 03 January 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13687 | | |
| An allosteric conduit facilitates dynamic multisite substrate recognition by the SCFCdc4 ubiquitin ligase OPEN | | | Veronika Csizmok, Stephen Orlicky, Jing Cheng, Jianhui Song, Alaji Bah, Neda Delgoshaie, Hong Lin, Tanja Mittag, Frank Sicheri, Hue Sun Chan, Mike Tyers and Julie D. Forman-Kay | | | The WD40 domain of the SCFCdc4 ubiquitin ligase targets substrates via multiple phosphorylated degron motifs. The authors define a second degron-binding WD40 pocket that imparts a negative allosteric effect on binding to the primary pocket, and thereby enables the dynamic exchange of bound degrons. | | | 03 January 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13943 | | |
| Properties of the exotic metastable ST12 germanium allotrope OPEN | | | Zhisheng Zhao, Haidong Zhang, Duck Young Kim, Wentao Hu, Emma S. Bullock and Timothy A. Strobel | | | There has been disagreement on the properties of the ST12 phase of germanium due to the purity and size scale of samples synthesized so far. Here authors demonstrate a method for making pure, bulk samples and measure properties in agreement with computational predictions. | | | 03 January 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13909 | | |
| Death receptor 6 contributes to autoimmunity in lupus-prone mice OPEN | | | Daisuke Fujikura, Masahiro Ikesue, Tsutomu Endo, Satoko Chiba, Hideaki Higashi and Toshimitsu Uede | | | Germinal centre (GC) reactions are driven by T follicular helper (Tfh) cells and their dysregulation can cause autoimmune disease. Here the authors show that the orphan receptor DR6 is a Tfh cell marker that binds syndecan-1 on GC B cells driving autoimmunity in lupus-prone mice. | | | 03 January 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13957 | | |
| Small RNA zippers lock miRNA molecules and block miRNA function in mammalian cells OPEN | | | Lingyu Meng, Cuicui Liu, Jinhui Lü, Qian Zhao, Shengqiong Deng, Guangxue Wang, Jing Qiao, Chuyi Zhang, Lixiao Zhen, Ying Lu, Wenshu Li, Yuzhen Zhang, Richard G. Pestell, Huiming Fan, Yi-Han Chen, Zhongmin Liu and Zuoren Yu | | | MicroRNAs regulate a wide range of biological processes and being able to inhibit their function could allow the development of therapeutic options. Here the authors describe a ‘small RNA zipper’ that sequesters miRNAs by forming a chain of DNA:RNA duplexes. | | | 03 January 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13964 | | |
| Saturated palmitic acid induces myocardial inflammatory injuries through direct binding to TLR4 accessory protein MD2 OPEN | | | Yi Wang, Yuanyuan Qian, Qilu Fang, Peng Zhong, Weixin Li, Lintao Wang, Weitao Fu, Yali Zhang, Zheng Xu, Xiaokun Li and Guang Liang | | | The free fatty acid-mediated inflammatory activities are regulated through TLR4. Here the authors show that palmitic acid binds to MD2, initiating complex formation with TLR4, recruitment of MyD88, and subsequent activation of pro-inflammatory molecules, and that MD2 blockade protects against diet-induced cardiac dysfunction. | | | 03 January 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13997 | | |
| Cell division orientation is coupled to cell–cell adhesion by the E-cadherin/LGN complex OPEN | | | Martijn Gloerich, Julie M. Bianchini, Kathleen A. Siemers, Daniel J. Cohen and W. James Nelson | | | Cell–cell adhesion and oriented cell division play key roles in tissue architecture, but how they are coordinated is not known. Here, the authors show that E-cadherin interacts with LGN, and thereby provides a cortical cue that serves to stabilize cortical attachment of astral microtubules at cell–cell adhesions, thus orienting the mitotic spindle. | | | 03 January 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13996 | | |
| A niobium and tantalum co-doped perovskite cathode for solid oxide fuel cells operating below 500 °C OPEN | | | Mengran Li, Mingwen Zhao, Feng Li, Wei Zhou, Vanessa K. Peterson, Xiaoyong Xu, Zongping Shao, Ian Gentle and Zhonghua Zhu | | | Sluggish activity of cathode materials impedes operation of solid oxide fuel cells at low temperatures. Here, the authors report a niobium and tantalum co-doped perovskite cathode exhibiting high electroactivity below 500 °C, and argue that the dopants improve the cathode performance synergistically. | | | 03 January 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13990 | | |
| Purely antiferromagnetic magnetoelectric random access memory OPEN | | | Tobias Kosub, Martin Kopte, Ruben Hühne, Patrick Appel, Brendan Shields, Patrick Maletinsky, René Hübner, Maciej Oskar Liedke, Jürgen Fassbender, Oliver G. Schmidt and Denys Makarov | | | Magnetoelectric coupling allows switching of magnetic states via gate voltage pulses. Here the authors propose and demonstrate a purely antiferromagnetic magnetoelectric random access memory based on Cr2O3, reporting 50-fold reduction of writing threshold compared to ferromagnetic counterparts. | | | 03 January 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13985 | | |
| Cannabinoid CB2 receptor ligand profiling reveals biased signalling and off-target activity OPEN | | | Marjolein Soethoudt, Uwe Grether, Jürgen Fingerle, Travis W. Grim, Filomena Fezza, Luciano de Petrocellis, Christoph Ullmer, Benno Rothenhäusler, Camille Perret, Noortje van Gils, David Finlay, Christa MacDonald, Andrea Chicca, Marianela Dalghi Gens, Jordyn Stuart, Henk de Vries, Nicolina Mastrangelo, Lizi Xia, Georgios Alachouzos, Marc P. Baggelaar et al. | | | CB2 receptor agonists are developed as potential analgesics or immune-modulatory compounds. Here, the authors characterize the pharmacological properties of widely used CB2 receptor agonists and antagonists, recommending three that appear most suitable for in vitro and in vivo studies. | | | 03 January 2017 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13958 | | |
| Single-cycle surface plasmon polaritons on a bare metal wire excited by relativistic electrons OPEN | | | W.P.E.M. op ‘t Root, G.J.H. Brussaard, P.W. Smorenburg and O.J. Luiten | | | Here, the authors demonstrate how ultra-short bunches of relativistic electrons produce coherent transition radiation at the tip of a thin wire. The radiation then propagates as a powerful surface plasmon polariton along the wire, illustrating the potential of this technique for terahertz plasmonics. | | | 23 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13769 | | |
| Fas/CD95 prevents autoimmunity independently of lipid raft localization and efficient apoptosis induction OPEN | | | Anthony C. Cruz, Madhu Ramaswamy, Claudia Ouyang, Christopher A. Klebanoff, Prabuddha Sengupta, Tori N. Yamamoto, Françoise Meylan, Stacy K. Thomas, Nathan Richoz, Robert Eil, Susan Price, Rafael Casellas, V. Koneti Rao, Jennifer Lippincott-Schwartz, Nicholas P. Restifo and Richard M. Siegel | | | Fas drives apoptosis and mutations in this receptor can cause autoimmunity through failure of cell death. Here, the authors use lpr/lpr mice with palmitoylation-defective mutant Fas to provide evidence that Fas might limit spontaneous autoimmunity through a non-apoptotic mechanism. | | | 23 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13895 | | |
| Observation of the topological soliton state in the Su–Schrieffer–Heeger model OPEN | | | Eric J. Meier, Fangzhao Alex An and Bryce Gadway | | | The Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model describes a system that supports topological excitations. Here the authors simulate this model using 87Rb atoms in a momentum-space lattice, observing the localized topological soliton state via quench dynamics, phase-sensitive injection and adiabatic preparation. | | | 23 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13986 | | |
| The tumour microenvironment harbours ontogenically distinct dendritic cell populations with opposing effects on tumour immunity OPEN | | | Damya Laoui, Jiri Keirsse, Yannick Morias, Eva Van Overmeire, Xenia Geeraerts, Yvon Elkrim, Mate Kiss, Evangelia Bolli, Qods Lahmar, Dorine Sichien, Jens Serneels, Charlotte L. Scott, Louis Boon, Patrick De Baetselier, Massimiliano Mazzone, Martin Guilliams and Jo A. Van Ginderachter | | | Dendritic cells are antigen-presenting cells consisting of distinct subsets originating from different lineages. Here, the authors identify the subsets of dendritic cells populating the tumour tissue in both mice and humans and find they have opposing functions in regulating the anti-tumour immune response. | | | 23 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13720 | | |
| Ultrafast infrared observation of exciton equilibration from oriented single crystals of photosystem II OPEN | | | Marius Kaucikas, Karim Maghlaoui, Jim Barber, Thomas Renger and Jasper J. van Thor | | | There are two common models of photosynthetic light harvesting by photosystem II cores. Here, the authors use structurally sensitive, time resolved infrared pleochroism of single crystals of photosystem II core complexes to probe the exciton equilibration that discriminates between the models. | | | 23 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13977 | | |
| Biallelic JAK1 mutations in immunodeficient patient with mycobacterial infection OPEN | | | Davide Eletto, Siobhan O. Burns, Ivan Angulo, Vincent Plagnol, Kimberly C. Gilmour, Frances Henriquez, James Curtis, Miguel Gaspar, Karolin Nowak, Vanessa Daza-Cajigal, Dinakantha Kumararatne, Rainer Doffinger, Adrian J. Thrasher and Sergey Nejentsev | | | JAK1 mediates intracellular signalling from multiple cytokine receptors. Here, Eletto et al. identify JAK1 mutations that disrupt multiple signalling pathways and are associated with primary immunodeficiency, atypical mycobacterial infection susceptibility and early-onset metastatic bladder carcinoma. | | | 23 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13992 | | |
| Enhancing photoluminescence yields in lead halide perovskites by photon recycling and light out-coupling OPEN | | | Johannes M. Richter, Mojtaba Abdi-Jalebi, Aditya Sadhanala, Maxim Tabachnyk, Jasmine P.H. Rivett, Luis M. Pazos-Outón, Karl C. Gödel, Michael Price, Felix Deschler and Richard H. Friend | | | Recombinations govern losses in solar cells. Here, Richter et al. use transient spectroscopy to evaluate how re-absorption and re-emission of photons in perovskite absorbers affect intrinsic recombination coefficients, and to differentiate between external and internal photoluminescence quantum yields. | | | 23 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13941 | | |
| ATP hydrolysis by UPF1 is required for efficient translation termination at premature stop codons OPEN | | | Lucas D. Serdar, DaJuan L. Whiteside and Kristian E. Baker | | | Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is a quality control pathway that recognizes and degrades transcripts harbouring nonsense mutations. Here the authors show that the ATPase activity of UPF1 mediates functional interactions between the NMD machinery and ribosomes required for efficient ribosome release at premature termination codons. | | | 23 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms14021 | | |
| Reprogramming the immunological microenvironment through radiation and targeting Axl OPEN | | | Todd A. Aguilera, Marjan Rafat, Laura Castellini, Hussein Shehade, Mihalis S. Kariolis, Angela Bik-Yu Hui, Henning Stehr, Rie von Eyben, Dadi Jiang, Lesley G. Ellies, Albert C. Koong, Maximilian Diehn, Erinn B. Rankin, Edward E. Graves and Amato J. Giaccia | | | Radiotherapy can enhance the antitumour immune response. Here, the authors show that resistance to radiation in breast cancer cells can be due to Axl expression that suppresses antigen presentation though MHCI, promotes NF-κB signalling, and enhances cytokine release promoting a suppressive myeloid microenvironment. | | | 23 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13898 | | |
| Exotic looped trajectories of photons in three-slit interference OPEN | | | Omar S Magaña-Loaiza, Israel De Leon, Mohammad Mirhosseini, Robert Fickler, Akbar Safari, Uwe Mick, Brian McIntyre, Peter Banzer, Brandon Rodenburg, Gerd Leuchs and Robert W. Boyd | | | Looped trajectories of photons in a three-slit interference experiment could modify the resulting intensity pattern, but they are experimentally hard to observe. Here the authors exploit surface plasmon excitations to increase their probability, measuring their contribution and confirming Born’s rule. | | | 23 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13987 | | |
| Non-invasive imaging using reporter genes altering cellular water permeability OPEN | | | Arnab Mukherjee, Di Wu, Hunter C. Davis and Mikhail G. Shapiro | | | Magnetic resonance imaging combined with molecular reporters can visualise cellular functions in intact organisms. Here Mukherjee et al. present a cellular imaging approach based on intracellular changes in water diffusion using human aquaporin 1 gene as a genetically encoded reporter for MRI. | | | 23 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13891 | | |
| Catalytic enantioselective addition of Grignard reagents to aromatic silyl ketimines OPEN | | | Jiawei Rong, Juan F. Collados, Pablo Ortiz, Ravindra P. Jumde, Edwin Otten and Syuzanna R. Harutyunyan | | | The stereoselective addition of Grignard reagents to ketimines is potentially a straightforward route to α-chiral amines. Here the authors report a catalytic, asymmetric Grignard addition to silyl ketimines, giving N-sulfonyl protected α-chiral silyl amines with tetrasubstituted stereocentres. | | | 23 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13780 | | |
| Bio-inspired self-shaping ceramics OPEN | | | Fabio L. Bargardi, Hortense Le Ferrand, Rafael Libanori and André R. Studart | | | Shaping ceramics into complex forms is a formidable goal. Here, the authors present an approach to self-shaping ceramics, inspired by self-folding processes in plants, in which the ceramic microstructure is embedded with aligned platelets that control the orientation of heat-induced shrinkage. | | | 23 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13912 | | |
| Electronically decoupled stacking fault tetrahedra embedded in Au(111) films OPEN | | | Koen Schouteden, Behnam Amin-Ahmadi, Zhe Li, Dmitry Muzychenko, Dominique Schryvers and Chris Van Haesendonck | | | Stacking faults in nanocrystals are generally considered unwelcome structural defects. Here, the authors find that stacking fault tetrahedra in Au exhibit quantized, particle-in-a-box electronic behaviour, revealing a potential synthetic route to decoupled nanoparticles in metal films. | | | 23 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms14001 | | |
| Ecological networks are more sensitive to plant than to animal extinction under climate change OPEN | | | Matthias Schleuning, Jochen Fründ, Oliver Schweiger, Erik Welk, Jörg Albrecht, Matthias Albrecht, Marion Beil, Gita Benadi, Nico Blüthgen, Helge Bruelheide, Katrin Böhning-Gaese, D. Matthias Dehling, Carsten F. Dormann, Nina Exeler, Nina Farwig, Alexander Harpke, Thomas Hickler, Anselm Kratochwil, Michael Kuhlmann, Ingolf Kühn et al. | | | In addition to affecting individual species, climate change can modify species interactions. Coupling simulation models with networks between plants and animal pollinators and seed dispersers, Schleuning et al. show that animal persistence under climate change depends more strongly on plant persistence than vice versa. | | | 23 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13965 | | |
| Origin of stabilization and destabilization in solid-state redox reaction of oxide ions for lithium-ion batteries OPEN | | | Naoaki Yabuuchi, Masanobu Nakayama, Mitsue Takeuchi, Shinichi Komaba, Yu Hashimoto, Takahiro Mukai, Hiromasa Shiiba, Kei Sato, Yuki Kobayashi, Aiko Nakao, Masao Yonemura, Keisuke Yamanaka, Kei Mitsuhara and Toshiaki Ohta | | | Energy storage by metal redox reactions sets strict limits on capacity in metal oxide cathode materials used in lithium-ion batteries. Here authors study stabilization of redox reactions at oxygen sites and demonstrate a cathode with a high reversible capacity enabled by the process. | | | 23 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13814 | | |
| Measurement of transverse emittance and coherence of double-gate field emitter array cathodes OPEN | | | Soichiro Tsujino, Prat Das Kanungo, Mahta Monshipouri, Chiwon Lee and R.J. Dwayne Miller | | | Field emitter arrays are key components for X-ray sources, microwave generators, RF communication and advanced light sources. Tsujino et al., report double-gate field emitter arrays with competitive beam qualities to the state of the art UV photoexcited cathodes. | | | 23 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13976 | | |
| Radical aryl migration enables diversity-oriented synthesis of structurally diverse medium/macro- or bridged-rings OPEN | | | Lei Li, Zhong-Liang Li, Fu-Li Wang, Zhen Guo, Yong-Feng Cheng, Na Wang, Xiao-Wu Dong, Chao Fang, Jingjiang Liu, Chunhui Hou, Bin Tan and Xin-Yuan Liu | | | Medium-sized ring systems are common in natural products, however their synthesis is challenging, largely due to entropic factors. Here the authors report a radical-based method for the synthesis of medium to large functionalized, carbon or heterocyclic scaffolds. | | | 22 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13852 | | |
| Hepcidin inhibits Smad3 phosphorylation in hepatic stellate cells by impeding ferroportin-mediated regulation of Akt OPEN | | | Chang Yeob Han, Ja Hyun Koo, Sung Hoon Kim, Sara Gardenghi, Stefano Rivella, Pavel Strnad, Se Jin Hwang and Sang Geon Kim | | | The peptide hormone hepcidin is released from hepatocytes and regulates iron homoeostasis. Here, the authors show that hepcidin also regulates the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in mouse models of liver fibrosis by reducing ferroportin expression and inhibiting the HSC response to TGFβ. | | | 22 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13817 | | |
| Daxx inhibits hypoxia-induced lung cancer cell metastasis by suppressing the HIF-1α/HDAC1/Slug axis OPEN | | | Ching-Wen Lin, Lu-Kai Wang, Shu-Ping Wang, Yi-Liang Chang, Yi-Ying Wu, Hsuan-Yu Chen, Tzu-Hung Hsiao, Wei-Yun Lai, Hsuan-Hsuan Lu, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Shuenn-Chen Yang, Ming-Wei Lin, Chi-Yuan Chen, Tse-Ming Hong and Pan-Chyr Yang | | | Hypoxia and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition promotes cancer metastasis. Here the authors show that Daxx inhibits hypoxia-induced lung cancer metastasis by attenuating Slug-mediated transcriptional repression of epithelial-like markers that in turn cause cells to exhibit low invasiveness. | | | 22 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13867 | | |
| Top-down modulation of olfactory-guided behaviours by the anterior olfactory nucleus pars medialis and ventral hippocampus OPEN | | | Afif J. Aqrabawi, Caleb J. Browne, Zahra Dargaei, Danielle Garand, C. Sahara Khademullah, Melanie A. Woodin and Jun Chul Kim | | | The anterior olfactory nucleus pars medialis (mAON) provides cortical feedback to the olfactory bulb, but the behavioural relevance of these projections is unknown. Here, using opto- and chemogenetic approaches, the authors find the mAON bidirectionally modulates olfactory sensitivity and olfaction-dependent behaviours. | | | 22 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13721 | | |
| p120-catenin prevents multinucleation through control of MKLP1-dependent RhoA activity during cytokinesis OPEN | | | Robert A.H. van de Ven, Jolien S. de Groot, Danielle Park, Robert van Domselaar, Danielle de Jong, Karoly Szuhai, Elsken van der Wall, Oscar M. Rueda, H. Raza Ali, Carlos Caldas, Paul J. van Diest, Martin W. Hetzer, Erik Sahai and Patrick W.B. Derksen | | | The tumour suppressor p120-catenin (p120) controls cadherin-based adhesion. Here, the authors demonstrate that p120 regulates cytokinesis through binding to the centralspindlin component MKLP1 and controls RhoA activity. Loss of p120 in cancer induces multinucleation and chromosomal instability, independent of cell-cell adhesion. | | | 22 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13874 | | |
| Targeting dendritic cells to accelerate T-cell activation overcomes a bottleneck in tuberculosis vaccine efficacy OPEN | | | Kristin L. Griffiths, Mushtaq Ahmed, Shibali Das, Radha Gopal, William Horne, Terry D. Connell, Kelly D. Moynihan, Jay K. Kolls, Darrell J. Irvine, Maxim N. Artyomov, Javier Rangel-Moreno and Shabaana A. Khader | | | A delay in T cell responses is postulated as a possible explanation for the limited efficacy of vaccines against tuberculosis. Here the authors demonstrate this T-cell block and remove it by activating endogenous dendritic cells or delivering activated dendritic cells to the lungs, enhancing immunity of mice to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. | | | 22 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13894 | | |
| A plant tendril mimic soft actuator with phototunable bending and chiral twisting motion modes OPEN | | | Meng Wang, Bao-Ping Lin and Hong Yang | | | Plant tendrils are able to undergo both bending and chiral twisting motions but unfortunately synthetic mimics are unable to do this. Here the authors show a dual-layer polysiloxane-based liquid crystal soft actuator capable of two different 3D reversible transformations via light stimuli. | | | 22 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13981 | | |
| Environmental variation and the evolution of large brains in birds OPEN | | | Ferran Sayol, Joan Maspons, Oriol Lapiedra, Andrew N. Iwaniuk, Tamás Székely and Daniel Sol | | | Environmental variation has been hypothesized to favour the evolution of large brains capable of adjusting behaviour to changing circumstances. Here, Sayol et al. find that across more than 1200 bird species, species with relatively large brains are indeed associated with more variable habitats. | | | 22 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13971 | | |
| Evidence for ion migration in hybrid perovskite solar cells with minimal hysteresis OPEN | | | Philip Calado, Andrew M. Telford, Daniel Bryant, Xiaoe Li, Jenny Nelson, Brian C. O’Regan and Piers R.F. Barnes | | | Ion migration has been related to hysteresis in perovskite solar cells, but not all perovskite cells exhibit a hysteresis. Here, Calado et al. show that ion migration occurs regardless of hysteresis, but photogenerated carriers screen the effects of ionic charge for some solar cell architectures. | | | 22 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13831 | | |
| HS1BP3 negatively regulates autophagy by modulation of phosphatidic acid levels OPEN | | | Petter Holland, Helene Knævelsrud, Kristiane Søreng, Benan J. Mathai, Alf Håkon Lystad, Serhiy Pankiv, Gunnveig T. Bjørndal, Sebastian W. Schultz, Viola H. Lobert, Robin B. Chan, Bowen Zhou, Knut Liestøl, Sven R. Carlsson, Thomas J. Melia, Gilbert Di Paolo and Anne Simonsen | | | Autophagy must be tightly controlled at each step of the process. Here the authors show that HS1BP3 binds phosphatidic acid (PA) at autophagosome precursors and negatively regulates autophagosome formation by modulating the activity and localization of the PA-producing enzyme phospholipase D1. | | | 22 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13889 | | |
| Coupled ATPase-adenylate kinase activity in ABC transporters OPEN | | | Hundeep Kaur, Andrea Lakatos-Karoly, Ramona Vogel, Anne Nöll, Robert Tampé and Clemens Glaubitz | | | ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters hydrolyse ATP to transport molecules across the cell membrane. Here Vogel et al. show that the ABC exporter MsBA can couple ATP hydrolyse to an adenylate kinase activity that seems to be predominant at low ATP levels and a general feature of ABC exporters. | | | 22 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13864 | | |
| SNHG5 promotes colorectal cancer cell survival by counteracting STAU1-mediated mRNA destabilization OPEN | | | Nkerorema Djodji Damas, Michela Marcatti, Christophe Côme, Lise Lotte Christensen, Morten Muhlig Nielsen, Roland Baumgartner, Helene Maria Gylling, Giulia Maglieri, Carsten Friis Rundsten, Stefan E. Seemann, Nicolas Rapin, Simon Thézenas, Søren Vang, Torben Ørntoft, Claus Lindbjerg Andersen, Jakob Skou Pedersen and Anders H. Lund | | | Several lncRNAs have been linked to cancer. Here, the authors identify SNHG5 as a long non-coding RNA promoting proliferation and survival of colorectal cancer cells by protecting specific mRNAs from STAU1-mediated degradation. | | | 22 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13875 | | |
| Atomic-level insights in optimizing reaction paths for hydroformylation reaction over Rh/CoO single-atom catalyst OPEN | | | Liangbing Wang, Wenbo Zhang, Shenpeng Wang, Zehua Gao, Zhiheng Luo, Xu Wang, Rui Zeng, Aowen Li, Hongliang Li, Menglin Wang, Xusheng Zheng, Junfa Zhu, Wenhua Zhang, Chao Ma, Rui Si and Jie Zeng | | | Despite the advantages of using heterogeneous catalysts, most successful rhodium hydrogenations are carried out with homogeneous catalysts. Here the authors report a supported single atom rhodium catalyst providing high activities and selectivities for propene hydroformylation. | | | 22 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms14036 | | |
| PKCɛ switches Aurora B specificity to exit the abscission checkpoint OPEN | | | Tanya Pike, Nicola Brownlow, Svend Kjaer, Jeremy Carlton and Peter J. Parker | | | The Aurora B abscission checkpoint is activated when DNA is retained in the cleavage furrow on completion of anaphase. Here the authors show that PKCɛ directly phosphorylates Aurora B triggering a switch in Aurora B substrate specificity to elicit Borealin phosphorylation and abscission checkpoint exit. | | | 22 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13853 | | |
| Non-native three-dimensional block copolymer morphologies OPEN | | | Atikur Rahman, Pawel W. Majewski, Gregory Doerk, Charles T. Black and Kevin G. Yager | | | Molecules can self-assemble to form ordered phases with defined shape and periodicity, but there are a limited set of morphologies reported. Here, the authors have manipulated block copolymer thin films via an iterative assembly process to form a diverse library of morphologies. | | | 22 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13988 | | |
| Predictors of elevational biodiversity gradients change from single taxa to the multi-taxa community level OPEN | | | Marcell K. Peters, Andreas Hemp, Tim Appelhans, Christina Behler, Alice Classen, Florian Detsch, Andreas Ensslin, Stefan W. Ferger, Sara B. Frederiksen, Friederike Gebert, Michael Haas, Maria Helbig-Bonitz, Claudia Hemp, William J. Kindeketa, Ephraim Mwangomo, Christine Ngereza, Insa Otte, Juliane Röder, Gemma Rutten, David Schellenberger Costa et al. | | | Explaining species richness patterns is a key question in ecology. Peters et al. sample diverse plant and animal groups across elevation on Mt. Kilimanjaro to show that, while disparate factors drive distributions of individual taxa, diversity overall decreases with elevation, mostly driven by effects of temperature. | | | 22 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13736 | | |
| Observing coherence effects in an overdamped quantum system OPEN | | | Y. -H. Lien, G. Barontini, M. Scheucher, M. Mergenthaler, J. Goldwin and E. A. Hinds | | | Normal-mode splitting in the spectrum of cavity coupled atoms is normally observed in the strong coupling regime. Here the authors demonstrate the existence of avoided crossings in the spectrum of an overdamped system of cavity coupled 87Rb atoms that arise due to dressing-induced transparency. | | | 21 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13933 | | |
| A crotonyl-CoA reductase-carboxylase independent pathway for assembly of unusual alkylmalonyl-CoA polyketide synthase extender units OPEN | | | Lauren Ray, Timothy R. Valentic, Takeshi Miyazawa, David M. Withall, Lijiang Song, Jacob C. Milligan, Hiroyuki Osada, Shunji Takahashi, Shiou-Chuan Tsai and Gregory L. Challis | | | Polyketides are typically assembled from a starter unit and malonyl- and/or methylmalonyl-CoA-derived extender units, but the macrolide antibiotics stambomycins incorporate non-standard alkylmalonyl-CoA extender units. Here, the authors describe the biosynthetic pathway responsible for this unusual synthesis. | | | 21 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13609 | | |
| Endothelial-specific inhibition of NF-κB enhances functional haematopoiesis OPEN | | | Michael G. Poulos, Pradeep Ramalingam, Michael C. Gutkin, Maria Kleppe, Michael Ginsberg, Michael J. P. Crowley, Olivier Elemento, Ross L. Levine, Shahin Rafii, Jan Kitajewski, Matthew B. Greenblatt, Jae-Hyuck Shim and Jason M. Butler | | | The complex microenvironmental signalling pathways that govern haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) activity remain poorly defined. Here, the authors identify endothelial NF-κB signalling as regulating regenerative HSC function, accelerating haematopoietic recovery following myelosuppressive injury in mice. | | | 21 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13829 | | |
| Pressure induced enhancement of the magnetic ordering temperature in rhenium(IV) monomers OPEN | | | Christopher H. Woodall, Gavin A. Craig, Alessandro Prescimone, Martin Misek, Joan Cano, Juan Faus, Michael R. Probert, Simon Parsons, Stephen Moggach, José Martínez-Lillo, Mark Murrie, Konstantin V. Kamenev and Euan K. Brechin | | | Materials that demonstrate long-range magnetic order are synonymous with information storage. Here, the authors report the effect of pressure on two mononuclear rhenium compounds that exhibit long-range magnetic order under ambient conditions via a spin canting mechanism, where T c is proportional to pressure. | | | 21 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13870 | | |
| A cell-autonomous tumour suppressor role of RAF1 in hepatocarcinogenesis OPEN | | | Ines Jeric, Gabriele Maurer, Anna Lina Cavallo, Josipa Raguz, Enrico Desideri, Bartosz Tarkowski, Matthias Parrini, Irmgard Fischer, Kurt Zatloukal and Manuela Baccarini | | | The kinase RAF1 usually exerts pro-tumorigenic functions promoting proliferation in RAS-driven cancers. Here, the authors using a mouse model of HCC and clinical data describe an unexpected oncosuppressor role of RAF1 in hepatocarcinoma development linked to a gp130-dependent Stat3 activation and YAP1 regulation. | | | 21 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13781 | | |
| Suppressed ion-scale turbulence in a hot high-β plasma OPEN | | | L. Schmitz, D. P. Fulton, E. Ruskov, C. Lau, B. H. Deng, T. Tajima, M. W. Binderbauer, I. Holod, Z. Lin, H. Gota, M. Tuszewski, S. A. Dettrick and L. C. Steinhauer | | | Magnetic fusion reactors with higher ratio of plasma kinetic pressure to magnetic pressure are economically desirable. The authors demonstrate a path to such a reactor in a field reversed configuration that can attain microstability and reduced particle and thermal fluxes by manipulating the shear flow. | | | 21 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13860 | | |
| Ultrafast electronic response of graphene to a strong and localized electric field OPEN | | | Elisabeth Gruber, Richard A. Wilhelm, Rémi Pétuya, Valerie Smejkal, Roland Kozubek, Anke Hierzenberger, Bernhard C. Bayer, Iñigo Aldazabal, Andrey K. Kazansky, Florian Libisch, Arkady V. Krasheninnikov, Marika Schleberger, Stefan Facsko, Andrei G. Borisov, Andrés Arnau and Friedrich Aumayr | | | Graphene has so far demonstrated remarkable properties, making it increasingly interesting for ultrafast electronic applications. Here, the authors show that, when probed by a highly charged ion, freestanding graphene is able to provide dozens of electrons for ion neutralization within a few femtoseconds. | | | 21 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13948 | | |
| A small electron donor in cobalt complex electrolyte significantly improves efficiency in dye-sensitized solar cells OPEN | | | Yan Hao, Wenxing Yang, Lei Zhang, Roger Jiang, Edgar Mijangos, Yasemin Saygili, Leif Hammarström, Anders Hagfeldt and Gerrit Boschloo | | | The electrolyte is an important component of dye-sensitized solar cells. Here, Hao et al. use an electron donor additive in the cobalt-based electrolyte, which speeds up the dye regeneration and slows down recombinations. The resulting devices are stable and more efficient than those without additive. | | | 21 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13934 | | |
| Electronic single-molecule identification of carbohydrate isomers by recognition tunnelling OPEN | | | JongOne Im, Sovan Biswas, Hao Liu, Yanan Zhao, Suman Sen, Sudipta Biswas, Brian Ashcroft, Chad Borges, Xu Wang, Stuart Lindsay and Peiming Zhang | | | Carbohydrates are common biological molecules, but display huge stereochemical complexity that often cannot be elucidated by mass spectrometry. Here the authors show that recognition tunnelling can distinguish individual stereoisomers, utilizing picomole quantities of analytes. | | | 21 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13868 | | |
| Robust fractional quantum Hall effect in the N=2 Landau level in bilayer graphene OPEN | | | Georgi Diankov, Chi-Te Liang, François Amet, Patrick Gallagher, Menyoung Lee, Andrew J. Bestwick, Kevin Tharratt, William Coniglio, Jan Jaroszynski, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi and David Goldhaber-Gordon | | | Electron-electron interactions in many-body systems may manifest themselves through the fractional quantum Hall effect. Here, the authors perform transport measurements in bilayer graphene, and observe particle-hole symmetric fractional quantum Hall states in the N=2 Landau level. | | | 21 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13908 | | |
| A somatic piRNA pathway in the Drosophila fat body ensures metabolic homeostasis and normal lifespan OPEN | | | Brian C. Jones, Jason G. Wood, Chengyi Chang, Austin D. Tam, Michael J. Franklin, Emily R. Siegel and Stephen L. Helfand | | | The Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) pathway is known to suppress transposable elements in gonadal tissues. Here the authors provide evidence for a functional piRNA pathway in the somatic cells of the Drosophila fat body with roles in metabolism, immunological function and overall health. | | | 21 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13856 | | |
| The dynamics of filament assembly define cytoskeletal network morphology OPEN | | | Giulia Foffano, Nicolas Levernier and Martin Lenz | | | The dynamics of actin cytoskeleton is essential to the function of living cells. Here, Foffano et al. describe a nonequilibrium filament model to mimic the formation of cytoskeleton and pinpoint the key role played by the actin entanglement during the transition from homogeneous to bundled networks. | | | 21 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13827 | | |
| Temporal stability and molecular persistence of the bone marrow plasma cell antibody repertoire OPEN | | | Gabriel C. Wu, Nai-Kong V. Cheung, George Georgiou, Edward M. Marcotte and Gregory C. Ippolito | | | Longevity of antibody responses has been attributed to persistence of plasma cells in mice. Here the authors provide human data in support of this model by immunoglobulin sequencing bone marrow sections from two human donors over 6.5 years to show temporal stability of plasma cell clonotypes, but not other B cells. | | | 21 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13838 | | |
| A live RSV vaccine with engineered thermostability is immunogenic in cotton rats despite high attenuation OPEN | | | Christopher C. Stobart, Christina A. Rostad, Zunlong Ke, Rebecca S. Dillard, Cheri M. Hampton, Joshua D. Strauss, Hong Yi, Anne L. Hotard, Jia Meng, Raymond J. Pickles, Kaori Sakamoto, Sujin Lee, Michael G. Currier, Syed M. Moin, Barney S. Graham, Marina S. Boukhvalova, Brian E. Gilbert, Jorge C. G. Blanco, Pedro A. Piedra, Elizabeth R. Wright et al. | | | Development of a safe and efficacious vaccine for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) has been challenging. Here the authors generate a live-attenuated RSV vaccine that shows increased thermostability and immunogenicity, and protects cotton rats from RSV challenge. | | | 21 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13916 | | |
| Strong confinement-induced engineering of the g factor and lifetime of conduction electron spins in Ge quantum wells OPEN | | | Anna Giorgioni, Stefano Paleari, Stefano Cecchi, Elisa Vitiello, Emanuele Grilli, Giovanni Isella, Wolfgang Jantsch, Marco Fanciulli and Fabio Pezzoli | | | Ge/Si heterojunctions are prominent candidates for spintronics, but the spin-dependent phenomena have been elusive. Here, Giorgioni et al. report long spin relaxation and coherence times in a two dimensional electron gas confined in quantum wells of pure Ge grown on SiGe-buffered Si substrates. | | | 21 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13886 | | |
| Direct observation of exceptional points in coupled photonic-crystal lasers with asymmetric optical gains OPEN | | | Kyoung-Ho Kim, Min-Soo Hwang, Ha-Reem Kim, Jae-Hyuck Choi, You-Shin No and Hong-Gyu Park | | | Non-Hermitian optical systems have been shown to sustain lasing when they go from a PT-symmetric to a PT-symmetry-broken phase. Here, Kim et al. study this phase transition of lasing modes in partially graphene-covered coupled microcavities and show tuning of an exceptional point. | | | 21 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13893 | | |
| Local synthesis of dynein cofactors matches retrograde transport to acutely changing demands OPEN | | | Joseph M. Villarin, Ethan P. McCurdy, José C. Martínez and Ulrich Hengst | | | The molecular mechanisms underlying retrograde transport in axons are only partially understood. Villarin et al. show that in cultured DRG neurons, extracellular trophic cues such as NGF dynamically regulate local protein synthesis of dynein cofactors, thus controlling retrograde trafficking in neurons. | | | 21 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13865 | | |
| Observing eruptions of gas-rich compressible magmas from space OPEN | | | Brendan McCormick Kilbride, Marie Edmonds and Juliet Biggs | | | Satellite observations are an important tool in volcano monitoring, but observations such as ground deformation and gas emissions are treated independently. Here, the authors present a model coupling them through their link to magma volatile contents and storage depths prior to eruption | | | 21 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13744 | | |
| Nutrient enrichment modifies temperature-biodiversity relationships in large-scale field experiments OPEN | | | Jianjun Wang, Feiyan Pan, Janne Soininen, Jani Heino and Ji Shen | | | Increased temperature and nutrient pollution are key features of anthropogenic change, but their dual effects on biodiversity remain unclear. Here Wang et al. conduct field experiments at two mountain elevation gradients to show that temperature and nutrients have independent and interactive effects on microbial diversity. | | | 21 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13960 | | |
| Folding of xylan onto cellulose fibrils in plant cell walls revealed by solid-state NMR OPEN | | | Thomas J. Simmons, Jenny C. Mortimer, Oigres D. Bernardinelli, Ann-Christin Pöppler, Steven P. Brown, Eduardo R. deAzevedo, Ray Dupree and Paul Dupree | | | The polysaccharide xylan binds to cellulose microfibrils in the plant cell wall, but the nature of this interaction remains unclear. Here Simmons et al. show that while xylan forms a threefold helical screw in solution it forms a twofold screw to bind cellulose microfibrils in the plant cell wall. | | | 21 December 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms13902 | | | | |  | | | | | | | | Latest Corrigendum | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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