EMBO reports Table of Contents for January 2017; Vol. 18, No. 1

January 2017 | Volume 18, Number 1 Submit Table of Contents Opinion News & Views Science & Society Scientific Reports Articles Volume 18, Number 1 Opinion Archiving of zebrafish lines can reduce animal experiments in biomedical research As zebrafish become an increasingly popular model organism in biomedical research, lines of genetically modified fish are a valuable resource. A centralized European archive of fish lines would thus help to improve both research and animal welfare. Robert Geisler, Almut Köhler, Thomas Dickmeis, and Uwe Strähle Published online 15.12.2016 News & Views YAP needs Nemo to guide a Hippo Two studies in this issue show that Ser128 phosphorylation of the Hippo pathway protein YAP by the Nemo‐like kinase (NLK) promotes nuclear accumulation of active YAP, challenging the dogma of YAP regulation via Ser127 phosphorylation. Alexander Hergovich Published online 15.12.2016 Bin1 and CD2AP polarize Aβ generation in neurons Bin1 and CD2AP, genetic risk factors for Alzheimer's disease, control Aβ generation by keeping APP and BACE1 apart in early endosomes via distinct sorting mechanisms in axon and dendrites. Ragna Sannerud and Wim Annaert Published online 19.12.2016 When nuclear‐encoded proteins and mitochondrial RNAs do not get along, species split apart Mitochondrial and nuclear genomes coevolve in eukaryotes. Jhuang and collaborators found a mismatched pair of mitochondrial and nuclear genes between two yeast species that strongly impairs mitochondrial function and contributes to reproductive isolation. Mathieu Hénault and Christian R Landry Published online 16.12.2016 Science & Society Overselling hysteria: The role of the media and medical journals in promoting questionable risks—a case study of the testosterone controversy There are numerous examples of when the media grossly exaggerated the risk of medical treatments to the detriment of public health and health care. What are the causes of such ‘medical hysteria’ and what could prevent it? Abdulmaged M Traish, Jay C Vance, and Abraham Morgentaler Published online 05.12.2016 Crediting animals in scientific literature: Recognition in addition to Replacement, Reduction, & Refinement [4R] Animals are crucial for biomedical research, but rarely receive credit, let alone authorship—with a few exceptions. To better acknowledge their important role, the 3R approach could be expanded by “Recognition”. Thomas C Erren, J Valérie Groß, Ursula Wild, Philip Lewis, and David M Shaw Published online 22.12.2016 An injection of confidence: Scientists explore new and old methods to counter anti‐vaccine propaganda and overcome vaccine hesitancy so as to increase vaccination rates An increasing number of people are declining to have their children vaccinated. What are the reasons for their hesitancy and what could be done to convince them of the safety of vaccines? Katrin Weigmann Published online 21.11.2016 Next‐generation nanotech meds: Diagnostic and therapeutic applications of non‐organic nanoparticles are making their way into clinical use A new generation of anorganic nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes show intriguing properties that inspire new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches against a range of diseases. Philip Hunter Published online 15.12.2016 Scientific Reports A pseudouridine synthase module is essential for mitochondrial protein synthesis and cell viability Using a proximity biotinylation assay, the authors identify a pseudouridine synthase module in mitochondrial RNA granules that is essential for epigenetic modification of the mitochondrial transcriptome, ribosome biogenesis, and mitochondrial protein synthesis. Hana Antonicka, Karine Choquet, Zhen‐Yuan Lin, Anne‐Claude Gingras, Claudia L Kleinman, and Eric A Shoubridge Published online 14.12.2016 CD1d‐mediated activation of group 3 innate lymphoid cells drives IL‐22 production Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a heterogeneous family of immune cells playing critical roles in host defence, wound healing and tissue repair. This study shows that ILC3s express the lipid‐presenting molecule CD1d and can internalize and present lipids to iNKT cells. Julia Saez de Guinoa, Rebeca Jimeno, Nazanin Farhadi, Peter J Jervis, Liam R Cox, Gurdyal S Besra, and Patricia Barral Published online 31.10.2016 Peroxisomal protein PEX13 functions in selective autophagy PEX13 is a peroxisomal membrane protein that regulates matrix protein import during peroxisome biogenesis. This study shows that PEX13 and also PEX3 specifically regulate selective autophagy. Mutations in PEX13 lead to dysregulation of autophagy and might therefore contribute to the pathogenesis of Zellweger syndrome spectrum disorders. Ming Y Lee, Rhea Sumpter, Jr, Zhongju Zou, Shyam Sirasanagandla, Yongjie Wei, Prashant Mishra, Hendrik Rosewich, Denis I Crane, and Beth Levine Published online 08.11.2016 Phosphorylation by NLK inhibits YAP‐14‐3‐3‐interactions and induces its nuclear localization Yes‐associated protein (YAP) is a key downstream effector of Hippo signaling and its activation, and nuclear localization is determined by its phosphorylation state. This study shows that the nemo‐like kinase (NLK) phosphorylates YAP at Ser128, thereby inhibiting its interaction with 14‐3‐3 and regulating its subcellular localization. Sungho Moon, Wantae Kim, Soyoung Kim, Youngeun Kim, Yonghee Song, Oleksii Bilousov, Jiyoung Kim, Taebok Lee, Boksik Cha, Minseong Kim, Hanjun Kim, Vladimir L Katanaev, and Eek‐hoon Jho Published online 15.12.2016 Articles Osmotic stress‐induced phosphorylation by NLK at Ser128 activates YAP Yes‐associated protein (YAP) is the major transcriptional co‐activator of the Hippo pathway, and its activity is determined by its subcellular localization. This study shows that osmotic stress induces Ser128 phosphorylation of YAP by the nemo‐like kinase (NLK), which results in its nuclear accumulation and the induction of downstream targets. Audrey W Hong, Zhipeng Meng, Hai‐Xin Yuan, Steven W Plouffe, Sungho Moon, Wantae Kim, Eek‐hoon Jho, and Kun‐Liang Guan Published online 15.12.2016 Mitochondrial–nuclear co‐evolution leads to hybrid incompatibility through pentatricopeptide repeat proteins Mitochondrial–nuclear incompatibility can cause reproductive isolation between species. This study shows that fast co‐evolution between flexible PPR proteins and their mitochondrial RNA targets represents a common driving force in the development of hybrid incompatibility. Han‐Ying Jhuang, Hsin‐Yi Lee, and Jun‐Yi Leu Published online 05.12.2016 Bin1 and CD2AP polarise the endocytic generation of beta‐amyloid This study shows that Bin1 and CD2AP, genetic risk factors for Alzheimer's disease, control Aβ generation by keeping APP and BACE1 apart in early endosomes via distinct sorting mechanisms in axon and dendrites. Florent Ubelmann, Tatiana Burrinha, Laura Salavessa, Ricardo Gomes, Cláudio Ferreira, Nuno Moreno, and Cláudia Guimas Almeida Published online 28.11.2016 GRWD1 negatively regulates p53 via the RPL11–MDM2 pathway and promotes tumorigenesis The ribosomal protein L11 (RPL11) functions as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting the MDM2 ubiquitin ligase that promotes degradation of p53. This study shows that GRWD1 (glutamate‐rich WD40 repeat containing 1) binds to RPL11, thereby counteracting RPL11‐mediated suppression of MDM2, and down‐regulating p53 levels. Kota Kayama, Shinya Watanabe, Takuya Takafuji, Takahiro Tsuji, Kensuke Hironaka, Masaki Matsumoto, Keiichi I Nakayama, Masato Enari, Takashi Kohno, Kouya Shiraishi, Tohru Kiyono, Kazumasa Yoshida, Nozomi Sugimoto, and Masatoshi Fujita Published online 17.11.2016 Domestication of a housekeeping transglycosylase for assembly of a Type VI secretion system The bacterial type VI secretion system (T6SS) comprises a contractile tail anchored to the cell envelope. This study shows that the housekeeping peptidoglycan hydrolase MltE is recruited to the T6SS and stimulated by the TssM subunit to create membrane lesions for the proper assembly of the trans‐envelope complex. Yoann G Santin and Eric Cascales Published online 05.12.2016 Glioma‐derived cancer stem cells are hypersensitive to proteasomal inhibition Although proteasome inhibitors (PIs) are widely used as anticancer drugs, their relative therapeutic efficacy on cancer stem cells remains unknown. This study shows that glioma stem cells (GSCs) are hypersensitive to PIs, providing a new strategy for the targeting of gliomas. Young Dong Yoo, Dae‐Hee Lee, Hyunjoo Cha‐Molstad, Hyungsin Kim, Su Ran Mun, Changhoon Ji, Seong Hye Park, Ki Sa Sung, Seung Ah Choi, Joonsung Hwang, Deric M Park, Seung‐Ki Kim, Kyung‐Jae Park, Shin‐Hyuk Kang, Sang Cheul Oh, Aaron Ciechanover, Yong J Lee, Bo Yeon Kim, and Yong Tae Kwon Published online 19.12.2016 TLR3 downregulates expression of schizophrenia gene Disc1 via MYD88 to control neuronal morphology Activation of TLR3 in neurons impairs dendritic growth and alters dendritic spine density via MYD88 and Disc1 downregulation. The data suggest how viral infections could impact on neural development and mental health. Chiung‐Ya Chen, Hsin‐Yu Liu, and Yi‐Ping Hsueh Published online 15.12.2016   Unsubscribe from or edit your subscription for this service. Or by mail: Customer Service * 425 Broadway St * Redwood City, CA 94063 * U.S.A. Copyright © 2017 by the European Molecular Biology Organisation.