Scientific Reports Biology Table of Contents e-alert: 20 December 2016

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20 December 2016      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports       Biological Sciences               Macrophages Enhance Migration in Inflammatory Breast Cancer Cells via RhoC GTPase Signaling ▶     Steven G. Allen, Yu-Chih Chen, Julie M. Madden et al.     Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is the most lethal form of breast cancer. All IBC patients have lymph node involvement and one-third of patients already have distant metastasis …             Corrigendum: Dual-species transcriptional profiling during systemic candidiasis reveals organ-specific host-pathogen interactions ▶     Betty Hebecker, Sebastian Vlaic, Theresia Conrad et al.                 Identification of disease comorbidity through hidden molecular mechanisms ▶     Younhee Ko, Minah Cho, Jin-Sung Lee et al.     Despite multiple diseases co-occur, their underlying common molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Identification of comorbid diseases by considering the interactions between …             Using anti-poly(ethylene glycol) bioparticles for the quantitation of PEGylated nanoparticles ▶     Yuan-Chin Hsieh, Ta-Chun Cheng, Hsin-Ell Wang et al.     Attachment of polyethylene glycol (PEG) molecules to nanoparticles (PEGylation) is a widely-used method to improve the stability, biocompatibility and half-life of nanomedicines. …             Genes encoding norcoclaurine synthase occur as tandem fusions in the Papaveraceae ▶     Jing Li, Eun-Jeong Lee, Limei Chang et al.     Norcoclaurine synthase (NCS) catalyzes the enantioselective Pictet-Spengler condensation of dopamine and 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde as the first step in benzylisoquinoline …             Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) evolution before and after the vaccination introduction: A large scale epidemiological study ▶     Giovanni Franzo, Claudia Maria Tucciarone, Mattia Cecchinato et al.     Since their commercialization, vaccines against Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) have been the cornerstone control strategy. Nevertheless, the periodic emergence of new genotype …             Distinct urine metabolome after Asian ginseng and American ginseng intervention based on GC-MS metabolomics approach ▶     Liu Yang, Qing-Tao Yu, Ya-Zhong Ge et al.     Ginseng occupies a prominent position in the list of best-selling natural products worldwide. Asian ginseng (Panax ginseng) and American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) show …             Rapid dissemination of taxonomic discoveries based on DNA barcoding and morphology ▶     Xiaowei Cao, Jie Liu, Jian Chen et al.     The taxonomic impediment is characterized by dwindling classical taxonomic expertise, and slow pace of revisionary work, thus more rapid taxonomic assessments are needed. Here we …             KIF2A regulates the spindle assembly and the metaphase I-anaphase I transition in mouse oocyte ▶     Ming-Huang Chen, Yu Liu, Ya-Long Wang et al.     KIF2A, a member of the kinesin-13 family, has been reported to play a role in spindle assembly in mitosis. However, its function in mammalian meiosis remains unknown. In this …             TRPC3-GEF-H1 axis mediates pressure overload-induced cardiac fibrosis ▶     Takuro Numaga-Tomita, Naoyuki Kitajima, Takuya Kuroda et al.     Structural cardiac remodeling, accompanying cytoskeletal reorganization of cardiac cells, is a major clinical outcome of diastolic heart failure. A highly local Ca2+ influx …             Corrigendum: Efficacy of PIVKA-II in prediction and early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma: a nested case-control study in Chinese patients ▶     Rentao Yu, Xiaomei Xiang, Zhaoxia Tan et al.                 Ubiquitylation Directly Induces Fold Destabilization of Proteins ▶     Daichi Morimoto, Erik Walinda, Harumi Fukada et al.     Ubiquitin is a common post-translational modifier and its conjugation is a key signal for proteolysis by the proteasome. Because the molecular mass of ubiquitin is larger than …             Deconstructing the Cognitive Estimation Task: A Developmental Examination and Intra-Task Contrast ▶     Sarit Silverman, Sarit Ashkenazi     The cognitive estimation task (CET) requires participants to answer estimation questions that lack definitive answers. Few studies examine CET performance in healthy populations, …             The Identification and Characterization of Two Novel Epitopes on the Nucleocapsid Protein of the Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus ▶     Kang Wang, Chun Xie, Jianan Zhang et al.     Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a highly contagious coronavirus that causes severe diarrhea and death, particularly in neonatal piglets. The nucleocapsid protein (N …             Identification of cancer risk lncRNAs and cancer risk pathways regulated by cancer risk lncRNAs based on genome sequencing data in human cancers ▶     Yiran Li, Wan Li, Binhua Liang et al.     Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. The complexity of cancer can be reduced to a small …             Kif2a regulates spindle organization and cell cycle progression in meiotic oocytes ▶     Zi-Yun Yi, Xue-Shan Ma, Qiu-Xia Liang et al.     Kif2a is a member of the Kinesin-13 microtubule depolymerases. Here, we report the expression, subcellular localization and functions of Kif2a during mouse oocyte meiotic …             Local recording of biological magnetic fields using Giant Magneto Resistance-based micro-probes ▶     Francesca Barbieri, Vincent Trauchessec, Laure Caruso et al.     The electrical activity of brain, heart and skeletal muscles generates magnetic fields but these are recordable only macroscopically, such as in magnetoencephalography, which is …             PGRP negatively regulates NOD-mediated cytokine production in rainbow trout liver cells ▶     Ju Hye Jang, Hyun Kim, Mi Jung Jang et al.     Pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) initiate innate immunity via pathogen recognition. Recent studies suggest that signalling pathways downstream of different PRRs and their …             Putative WRKYs associated with regulation of fruit ripening revealed by detailed expression analysis of the WRKY gene family in pepper ▶     Yuan Cheng, Golam JalalAhammed, Jiahong Yu et al.     WRKY transcription factors play important roles in plant development and stress responses. Here, global expression patterns of pepper CaWRKYs in various tissues as well as …             Non-Thermal Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Efficiently Promotes the Proliferation of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells by Activating NO-Response Pathways ▶     Jeongyeon Park, Hyunyoung Lee, Hae June Lee et al.     Non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma (NTAPP) is defined as a partially ionized gas with electrically charged particles at atmospheric pressure. Our study showed that exposure …             Proteomic Analysis Reveals That Metabolic Flows Affect the Susceptibility of Aeromonas hydrophila to Antibiotics ▶     Zujie Yao, Wanxin Li, Yi Lin et al.     The overuse of antibiotics results in the development of antibiotic resistance and limits the useful life of these drugs in fighting bacteria, including Aeromonas hydrophila, a …             Simple reverse genetics systems for Asian and African Zika viruses ▶     Thérèse Atieh, Cécile Baronti, Xavier de Lamballerie et al.     Zika virus (ZIKV), a typical example of a re‐emerging pathogen, recently caused large outbreaks in Pacific islands and the Americas, associated with congenital diseases and …             APC/CCDC20 and APC/C play pivotal roles in the process of embryonic development in Artemia sinica ▶     Mengchen Zhang, Feng Yao, Hong Luan et al.     Anaphase Promoting Complex or Cyclosome (APC/C) is a representative E3 ubiquitin ligase, triggering the transition of metaphase to anaphase by regulating degradation and ensures …             Quantitative assessment of the regenerative and mineralogenic performances of the zebrafish caudal fin ▶     João Cardeira, Paulo J. Gavaia, Ignacio Fernández et al.     The ability of zebrafish to fully regenerate its caudal fin has been explored to better understand the mechanisms underlying de novo bone formation and to develop screening …             Wip1 inhibitor GSK2830371 inhibits neuroblastoma growth by inducing Chk2/p53-mediated apoptosis ▶     Zhenghu Chen, Long Wang, Dayong Yao et al.     Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial tumor in children. Unlike in most adult tumors, tumor suppressor protein 53 (p53) mutations occur with a relatively low …             Genome-wide Analysis of WD40 Protein Family in Human ▶     Xu-Dong Zou, Xue-Jia Hu, Jing Ma et al.     The WD40 proteins, often acting as scaffolds to form functional complexes in fundamental cellular processes, are one of the largest families encoded by the eukaryotic genomes. …             Efficient derivation of extraembryonic endoderm stem cell lines from mouse postimplantation embryos ▶     Jiangwei Lin, Mona Khan, Bolek Zapiec et al.     Various types of stem cell lines have been derived from preimplantation or postimplantation mouse embryos: embryonic stem cell lines, epiblast stem cell lines, and trophoblast …             Corrigendum: Identification of novel, therapy-responsive protein biomarkers in a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy by aptamer-based serum proteomics ▶     Anna M. L. Coenen-Stass, Graham McClorey, Raquel Manzano et al.                 Transcriptomic profiling of microglia reveals signatures of cell activation and immune response, during experimental cerebral malaria ▶     Barbara Capuccini, Jingwen Lin, Carlos Talavera-López et al.     Cerebral malaria is a pathology involving inflammation in the brain. There are many immune cell types activated during this process, but there is little information on the …             Ribavirin suppresses bacterial virulence by targeting LysR-type transcriptional regulators ▶     Rahul Shubhra Mandal, Atri Ta, Ritam Sinha et al.     Targeting bacterial virulence mechanisms without compromising bacterial growth is a promising strategy to prevent drug resistance. LysR-type transcriptional regulators (LTTRs) …             Metagenomic mining for thermostable esterolytic enzymes uncovers a new family of bacterial esterases ▶     Dimitra Zarafeta, Danai Moschidi, Efthymios Ladoukakis et al.     Biocatalysts exerting activity against ester bonds have a broad range of applications in modern biotechnology. Here, we have identified a new esterolytic enzyme by screening a …             Bursty properties revealed in large-scale brain networks with a point-based method for dynamic functional connectivity ▶     William Hedley Thompson, Peter Fransson     The brain is organized into large scale spatial networks that can be detected during periods of rest using fMRI. The brain is also a dynamic organ with activity that changes over …             Brain networks for visual creativity: a functional connectivity study of planning a visual artwork ▶     Nicola De Pisapia, Francesca Bacci, Danielle Parrott et al.     Throughout recorded history, and across cultures, humans have made visual art. In recent years, the neural bases of creativity, including artistic creativity, have become a topic …             Identification and Characterization of Roseltide, a Knottin-type Neutrophil Elastase Inhibitor Derived from Hibiscus sabdariffa ▶     Shining Loo, Antony Kam, Tianshu Xiao et al.     Plant knottins are of therapeutic interest due to their high metabolic stability and inhibitory activity against proteinases involved in human diseases. The only knottin-type …             Angiopoietin-2, Angiopoietin-1 and subclinical cardiovascular disease in Chronic Kidney Disease ▶     Yi-Chun Tsai, Chee-Siong Lee, Yi-Wen Chiu et al.     Angiopoietins (Angpt) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) have been associated with cardiovascular disease. The study enrolled 270 pre-dialysis stage 3–5 CKD patients …             Shedding of neurexin 3β ectodomain by ADAM10 releases a soluble fragment that affects the development of newborn neurons ▶     Erika Borcel, Magda Palczynska, Marine Krzisch et al.     Neurexins are transmembrane synaptic cell adhesion molecules involved in the development and maturation of neuronal synapses. In the present study, we report that Nrxn3β is …             An integrated multi-omics analysis of the NK603 Roundup-tolerant GM maize reveals metabolism disturbances caused by the transformation process ▶     Robin Mesnage, Sarah Z. Agapito-Tenfen, Vinicius Vilperte et al.     Glyphosate tolerant genetically modified (GM) maize NK603 was assessed as ‘substantially equivalent’ to its isogenic counterpart by a nutrient composition analysis in order to be …             Anti-melanoma activity of Forsythiae Fructus aqueous extract in mice involves regulation of glycerophospholipid metabolisms by UPLC/Q-TOF MS-based metabolomics study ▶     Jiaolin Bao, Fang Liu, Chao Zhang et al.     Metabolomics is a comprehensive assessment of endogenous metabolites of a biological system in a holistic context. In this study, we evaluated the in vivo anti-melanoma activity …             Detection of Extremely Low Concentrations of Biological Substances Using Near-Field Illumination ▶     Masato Yasuura, Makoto Fujimaki     An external force-assisted near-field illumination biosensor (EFA-NI biosensor) detects a target substance that is propelled through an evanescent field by an external force. The …             Artificial Neuron Based on Integrated Semiconductor Quantum Dot Mode-Locked Lasers ▶     Charis Mesaritakis, Alexandros Kapsalis, Adonis Bogris et al.     Neuro-inspired implementations have attracted strong interest as a power efficient and robust alternative to the digital model of computation with a broad range of applications. …             The Safety Limits Of An Extended Fast: Lessons from a Non-Model Organism ▶     Fabrice Bertile, Laetitia Fouillen, Thierry Wasselin et al.     While safety of fasting therapy is debated in humans, extended fasting occurs routinely and safely in wild animals. To do so, food deprived animals like breeding penguins …             Implications for management and conservation of the population genetic structure of the wedge clam Donax trunculus across two biogeographic boundaries ▶     Amandine D. Marie, Christophe Lejeusne, Evgenia Karapatsiou et al.     In a resource management perspective, the understanding of the relative influence of the physical factors on species connectivity remains a major challenge and is also of great …             The biosynthetic pathway of 2-azahypoxanthine in fairy-ring forming fungus ▶     Tomohiro Suzuki, Naoki Yamamoto, Jae-Hoon Choi et al.     “Fairy rings” resulting from fungus-stimulated plant growth occur all over the world. In 2010, 2-azahypoxanthine (AHX) from a fungus Lepista sordida was identified as the “fairy” …             Adjunctive treatment of brexpiprazole with fluoxetine shows a rapid antidepressant effect in social defeat stress model: Role of BDNF-TrkB signaling ▶     Min Ma, Qian Ren, Chun Yang et al.     Addition of low doses of the atypical antipsychotic drug brexpiprazole with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) could promote antidepressant effect in patients with …             Senescence marker protein 30 (SMP30) serves as a potential prognostic indicator in hepatocellular carcinoma ▶     Zhijing Mo, Shunxin Zheng, Zhilue Lv et al.     Senescence marker protein 30 (SMP30) has been identified as a tumor-related molecule of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Its clinical significance and underlying mechanisms in HCC …             Anatomically correct visualization of the human upper airway using a high-speed long range optical coherence tomography system with an integrated positioning sensor ▶     Joseph C. Jing, Lidek Chou, Erica Su et al.     The upper airway is a complex tissue structure that is prone to collapse. Current methods for studying airway obstruction are inadequate in safety, cost, or availability, such as …             Ferromagnetic glass-coated microwires with good heating properties for magnetic hyperthermia ▶     A. Talaat, J. Alonso, V. Zhukova et al.     The heating properties of Fe71.7Si11B13.4Nb3Ni0.9 amorphous glass-coated microwires are explored for prospective applications in magnetic hyperthermia. We show that a single 5 mm …             Redox properties of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from electroactive bacteria ▶     Shan-Wei Li, Guo-Ping Sheng, Yuan-Yuan Cheng et al.     Although the capacity for electroactive bacteria to convert environmental metallic minerals and organic pollutants is well known, the role of the redox properties of microbial …             Brain tissue banking for stem cells for our future ▶     Emily Palmero, Sheryl Palmero, Wayne Murrell     In our lab we study neurogenesis and the development of brain tumors. We work towards treatment strategies for glioblastoma and towards using autologous neural stem cells for …             Efficacy and safety of thrombopoietin receptor agonists in patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis ▶     Li Wang, Zhe Gao, Xiao-ping Chen et al.     Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterized by increased platelet destruction and impaired platelet production. In this study, we conducted a systematic …             A Large Ornithurine Bird (Tingmiatornis arctica) from the Turonian High Arctic: Climatic and Evolutionary Implications ▶     Richard K. Bono, Julia Clarke, John A. Tarduno et al.     Bird fossils from Turonian (ca. 90 Ma) sediments of Axel Heiberg Island (High Canadian Arctic) are among the earliest North American records. The morphology of a large …             Anode potential influences the structure and function of anodic electrode and electrolyte-associated microbiomes ▶     Paul G. Dennis, Bernardino Virdis, Inka Vanwonterghem et al.     Three bioelectrochemical systems were operated with set anode potentials of +300 mV, +550 mV and +800 mV vs. Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE) to test the hypothesis that anode …             Hephaestin and ceruloplasmin facilitate iron metabolism in the mouse kidney ▶     Bo Jiang, Guohao Liu, Jiashuo Zheng et al.     Multicopper ferroxidases (MCFs) play an important role in cellular iron homeostasis. However, the role of MCFs in renal metabolism remains unclear. We used Hephaestin (Heph) and …             Bacterial cytosolic proteins with a high capacity for Cu(I) that protect against copper toxicity ▶     Nicolas Vita, Gianpiero Landolfi, Arnaud Baslé et al.     Bacteria are thought to avoid using the essential metal ion copper in their cytosol due to its toxicity. Herein we characterize Csp3, the cytosolic member of a new family of …             Enhancing mung bean hydration using the ultrasound technology: description of mechanisms and impact on its germination and main components ▶     Alberto Claudio Miano, Jessica da Costa Pereira, Nanci Castanha et al.     The ultrasound technology was successfully used to improve the mass transfer processes on food. However, the study of this technology on the grain hydration and on its main …             Possible Source Populations of the White-backed Planthopper in the Greater Mekong Subregion Revealed by Mitochondrial DNA Analysis ▶     Xiang-yong Li, Dong Chu, Yan-qiong Yin et al.     The white-backed planthopper, Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), is a serious pest of rice in Asia. However, little is known regarding the migration of this …             Comparative metagenomics reveals taxonomically idiosyncratic yet functionally congruent communities in periodontitis ▶     Shareef M. Dabdoub, Sukirth M. Ganesan, Purnima S. Kumar     The phylogenetic characteristics of microbial communities associated with periodontitis have been well studied, however, little is known about the functional endowments of this …             A polymorphism of HMGA1 protects against proliferative diabetic retinopathy by impairing HMGA1-induced VEGFA expression ▶     Eusebio Chiefari, Valeria Ventura, Carmelo Capula et al.     Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major complication of diabetes mellitus, and is the leading cause of blindness in working-age people. Usually, DR progresses from the asymptomatic …             NetDiff – Bayesian model selection for differential gene regulatory network inference ▶     Thomas Thorne     Differential networks allow us to better understand the changes in cellular processes that are exhibited in conditions of interest, identifying variations in gene regulation or …             Spontaneous Isopeptide Bond Formation as a Powerful Tool for Engineering Site-Specific Antibody-Drug Conjugates ▶     Vanessa Siegmund, Birgit Piater, Bijan Zakeri et al.     Spontaneous isopeptide bond formation, a stabilizing posttranslational modification that can be found in gram-positive bacterial cell surface proteins, has previously been used …             Novel inhibitors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis GuaB2 identified by a target based high-throughput phenotypic screen ▶     Jonathan A. G. Cox, Grace Mugumbate, Laura Vela-Glez Del Peral et al.     High-throughput phenotypic screens have re-emerged as screening tools in antibiotic discovery. The advent of such technologies has rapidly accelerated the identification of ‘hit’ …             Dual-seq transcriptomics reveals the battle for iron during Pseudomonas aeruginosa acute murine pneumonia ▶     F. Heath Damron, Amanda G. Oglesby-Sherrouse, Angela Wilks et al.     Determining bacterial gene expression during infection is fundamental to understand pathogenesis. In this study, we used dual RNA-seq to simultaneously measure P. aeruginosa and …             Identifying ultrasensitive HGF dose-response functions in a 3D mammalian system for synthetic morphogenesis ▶     Vivek Raj Senthivel, Marc Sturrock, Gabriel Piedrafita et al.     Nonlinear responses to signals are widespread natural phenomena that affect various cellular processes. Nonlinearity can be a desirable characteristic for engineering living …             Protein knotting through concatenation significantly reduces folding stability ▶     Shang-Te Danny Hsu     Concatenation by covalent linkage of two protomers of an intertwined all-helical HP0242 homodimer from Helicobacter pylori results in the first example of an engineered knotted …             Microstructure Imaging of Crossing (MIX) White Matter Fibers from diffusion MRI ▶     Hamza Farooq, Junqian Xu, Jung Who Nam et al.     Diffusion MRI (dMRI) reveals microstructural features of the brain white matter by quantifying the anisotropic diffusion of water molecules within axonal bundles. Yet, …             A cloud-based workflow to quantify transcript-expression levels in public cancer compendia ▶     PJ Tatlow, Stephen R. Piccolo     Public compendia of sequencing data are now measured in petabytes. Accordingly, it is infeasible for researchers to transfer these data to local computers. Recently, the National …             An adenylyl cyclase with a phosphodiesterase domain in basal plants with a motile sperm system ▶     Masahiro Kasahara, Noriyuki Suetsugu, Yuki Urano et al.     Adenylyl cyclase (AC), which produces the signalling molecule cAMP, has numerous important cellular functions in diverse organisms from prokaryotes to eukaryotes. Here we report …             Comprehensive phenotypic analysis of knockout mice deficient in cyclin G1 and cyclin G2 ▶     Shouichi Ohno, Jun-ichiro Ikeda, Yoko Naito et al.     Cyclin G1 (CycG1) and Cyclin G2 (CycG2) play similar roles during the DNA damage response (DDR), but their detailed roles remain elusive. To investigate their distinct roles, we …             A method for high-throughput functional imaging of single cells within heterogeneous cell preparations ▶     Adam S. Neal, Austin M. Rountree, Jared R. Radtke et al.     Functional characterization of individual cells within heterogeneous tissue preparations is challenging. Here, we report the development of a versatile imaging method that …             Gene expression in local stroma reflects breast tumor states and predicts patient outcome ▶     Russell Bainer, Casey Frankenberger, Daniel Rabe et al.     The surrounding microenvironment has been implicated in the progression of breast tumors to metastasis. However, the degree to which metastatic breast tumors locally reprogram …             Shared and unique patterns of phenotypic diversification along a stream gradient in two congeneric species ▶     Jonas Jourdan, Sarah T. Krause, V. Max Lazar et al.     Stream ecosystems show gradual variation of various selection factors, which can result in a zonation of species distributions and gradient evolution of morphological and …             Recombinant Marek’s disease virus type 1 provides full protection against very virulent Marek’s and infectious bursal disease viruses in chickens ▶     Kai Li, Yongzhen Liu, Changjun Liu et al.     Marek’s disease virus (MDV) is a preferred vector in the construction of recombinant vaccines. However, bivalent vaccine based on MDV that confers full protection against both …             Oxyfunctionalization of pyridine derivatives using whole cells of Burkholderia sp. MAK1 ▶     Jonita Stankevičiūtė, Justas Vaitekūnas, Vytautas Petkevičius et al.     Pyridinols and pyridinamines are important intermediates with many applications in chemical industry. The pyridine derivatives are in great demand as synthons for pharmaceutical …             Immune Responses Induced by Recombinant Bacillus Subtilis Expressing the Hemagglutinin Protein of H5N1 in chickens ▶     Chunxiao Mou, Liqi Zhu, Jingjing Yang et al.     To develop an effective, safe, and convenient vaccine for the prevention of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1, we have constructed a recombinant Bacillus subtilis …             Mechanism of internal browning of pineapple: The role of gibberellins catabolism gene (AcGA2ox) and GAs ▶     Qin Zhang, Xiuwen Rao, Lubin Zhang et al.     Internal browning (IB), a physiological disorder (PD) that causes severe losses in harvested pineapple, can be induced by exogenous gibberellins (GAs). Over the years, studies …             Antibiotic free selection for the high level biosynthesis of a silk-elastin-like protein ▶     Mário Barroca, Paulo Rodrigues, Rómulo Sobral et al.     Silk-elastin-like proteins (SELPs) are a family of genetically engineered recombinant protein polymers exhibiting mechanical and biological properties suited for a wide range of …             Multicenter evaluation of crystal violet decolorization assay (CVDA) for rapid detection of isoniazid and rifampicin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis ▶     Ahmet Yilmaz Coban, Ahmet Ugur Akbal, Can Bicmen et al.     The aim of this multicenter study was to evaluate the performance of the crystal violet decolorization assay (CVDA) for detection of multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). …             The human intestinal microbiota of constipated-predominant irritable bowel syndrome patients exhibits anti-inflammatory properties ▶     Alain P. Gobert, Giulia Sagrestani, Eve Delmas et al.     The intestinal microbiota of patients with constipated-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (C-IBS) displays chronic dysbiosis. Our aim was to determine whether this microbial …             Declining Prevalence of Disease Vectors Under Climate Change ▶     Luis E. Escobar, Daniel Romero-Alvarez, Renato Leon et al.     More than half of the world population is at risk of vector-borne diseases including dengue fever, chikungunya, zika, yellow fever, leishmaniasis, chagas disease, and malaria, …             Enhanced stability of freestanding lipid bilayer and its stability criteria ▶     Dae-Woong Jeong, Hyunwoo Jang, Siyoung Q. Choi et al.     We present a new strategy to dramatically enhance the stability of freestanding lipid bilayers. We found that an addition of a water in oil emulsion stabilizer, SPAN 80 to a …             Time Series miRNA-mRNA integrated analysis reveals critical miRNAs and targets in macrophage polarization ▶     Liangqun Lu, Sara McCurdy, Sijia Huang et al.     Polarization of macrophages is regulated through complex signaling networks. Correlating miRNA and mRNA expression over time after macrophage polarization has not yet been …             Efficient generation of B2m-null pigs via injection of zygote with TALENs ▶     Yong Wang, Yinan Du, Xiaoyang Zhou et al.     Donor major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I) molecules are the main targets of the host immune response after organ allotransplantation. Whether and how MHC …             The Management and Prognostic Prediction of Adenocarcinoma of Appendix ▶     Xin Xie, Zhangjian Zhou, Yongchun Song et al.     Malignant tumours of the appendix are quite rare, especially appendiceal adenocarcinomas, which may be difficult to detect preoperatively or intraoperatively. We collected data …             High maltose sensitivity of sweet taste receptors in the Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata) ▶     Emiko Nishi, Kei Tsutsui, Hiroo Imai     Taste sensitivity differs among animal species depending on feeding habitat. To humans, sucrose is one of the sweetest natural sugars, and this trait is expected to be similar in …             Induction of a Cellular DNA Damage Response by Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Facilitates Viral Replication and Mediates Apoptotic Responses ▶     Li Wei, Shanshan Zhu, Jing Wang et al.     Cellular DNA damage response (DDR) triggered by infection of DNA viruses mediate cell cycle checkpoint activation, DNA repair, or apoptosis induction. In the present study, …             The role of the unusual threonine string in the conversion of prion protein ▶     Romany Abskharon, Fei Wang, Kayla J. Vander Stel et al.     The conversion of normal prion protein (PrP) into pathogenic PrP conformers is central to prion disease, but the mechanism remains unclear. The α-helix 2 of PrP contains a string …             A CRISPR/Cas9 Functional Screen Identifies Rare Tumor Suppressors ▶     Alexandra Katigbak, Regina Cencic, Francis Robert et al.     An enormous amount of tumor sequencing data has been generated through large scale sequencing efforts. The functional consequences of the majority of mutations identified by such …             Nrf2 inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition by suppressing snail expression during pulmonary fibrosis ▶     Wencheng Zhou, Xiaoting Mo, Wenhui Cui et al.     Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a phenotype conversion that plays a critical role in the development of pulmonary fibrosis (PF). It is known that snail could regulate …             A dissociation between consolidated perceptual learning and sensory adaptation in vision ▶     Nitzan Censor, Hila Harris, Dov Sagi     Perceptual learning refers to improvement in perception thresholds with practice, however, extended training sessions show reduced performance during training, interfering with …             ARN: Analysis and Visualization System for Adipogenic Regulation Network Information ▶     Yan Huang, Li Wang, Lin-sen Zan     Adipogenesis is the process of cell differentiation through which preadipocytes become adipocytes. Lots of research is currently ongoing to identify genes, including their gene …             Mitochondrial-bacterial hybrids of BamA/Tob55 suggest variable requirements for the membrane integration of β-barrel proteins ▶     Anna-Katharina Pfitzner, Nadja Steblau, Thomas Ulrich et al.     β-Barrel proteins are found in the outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria, chloroplasts and mitochondria. The assembly of these proteins into the corresponding OM is …             Incomplete DRB4-dependence of the DCL4-mediated antiviral defense ▶     Xiaofeng Zhang, Xiuchun Zhang, Kunxin Wu et al.     The double-stranded RNA-binding protein DRB4 of Arabidopsis was shown previously to contribute to the DICER-LIKE 4 (DCL4)-mediated biogenesis of viral small interfering RNAs …             Co-expression analysis and identification of fecundity-related long non-coding RNAs in sheep ovaries ▶     Xiangyang Miao, Qingmiao Luo, Huijing Zhao et al.     Small Tail Han sheep, including the FecBBFecBB (Han BB) and FecB+ FecB+ (Han++) genotypes, and Dorset sheep exhibit different fecundities. To identify novel long non-coding RNAs …             How actions shape perception: learning action-outcome relations and predicting sensory outcomes promote audio-visual temporal binding ▶     Andrea Desantis, Patrick Haggard     To maintain a temporally-unified representation of audio and visual features of objects in our environment, the brain recalibrates audio-visual simultaneity. This process allows …             Emotional arousal modulates oscillatory correlates of targeted memory reactivation during NREM, but not REM sleep ▶     Mick Lehmann, Thomas Schreiner, Erich Seifritz et al.     Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is considered to preferentially reprocess emotionally arousing memories. We tested this hypothesis by cueing emotional vs. neutral memories during …             Shengmai Formula suppressed over-activated Ras/MAPK pathway in C. elegans by opening mitochondrial permeability transition pore via regulating cyclophilin D ▶     Yan Liu, Dejuan Zhi, Menghui Li et al.     Since about 30% of all human cancers contain mutationally activated Ras, down regulating the over-activation of Ras/MAPK pathway represents a viable approach for treating …             Brown adipogenic potential of brown adipocytes and peri-renal adipocytes from human embryo ▶     Nan-Nan Wu, Chuan-Hai Zhang, Hyuek-Jong Lee et al.     Both brown adipocytes (BAC) and beige cells hold therapeutic potential for the treatment of metabolic disorders. Unfortunately, the amount and activity of these cells are limited …             Pan- and core- network analysis of co-expression genes in a model plant ▶     Fei He, Sergei Maslov     Genome-wide gene expression experiments have been performed using the model plant Arabidopsis during the last decade. Some studies involved construction of coexpression networks, …             Proteomic analysis of scallop hepatopancreatic extract provides insights into marine polysaccharide digestion ▶     Qianqian Lyu, Wenqian Jiao, Keke Zhang et al.     Marine polysaccharides are used in a variety of applications, and the enzymes that degrade these polysaccharides are of increasing interest. The main food source of herbivorous …             The role of the poly(A) tract in the replication and virulence of tick-borne encephalitis virus ▶     Naveed Asghar, Yi-Ping Lee, Emma Nilsson et al.     The tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is a flavivirus transmitted to humans, usually via tick bites. The virus causes tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in humans, and symptoms …             Mitochondrial Phylogenomics yields Strongly Supported Hypotheses for Ascaridomorph Nematodes ▶     Guo-Hua Liu, Steven A. Nadler, Shan-Shan Liu et al.     Ascaridomorph nematodes threaten the health of humans and other animals worldwide. Despite their medical, veterinary and economic importance, the identification of species …             Phosphorylation of SKAP by GSK3β ensures chromosome segregation by a temporal inhibition of Kif2b activity ▶     Bo Qin, Dan Cao, Huihui Wu et al.     Chromosome segregation in mitosis is orchestrated by the dynamic interactions between the kinetochore and spindle microtubules. Our recent study shows SKAP is an EB1-dependent, …             Recent breeding programs enhanced genetic diversity in both desi and kabuli varieties of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) ▶     Mahendar Thudi, Annapurna Chitikineni, Xin Liu et al.     In order to understand the impact of breeding on genetic diversity and gain insights into temporal trends in diversity in chickpea, a set of 100 chickpea varieties released in 14 …             The involvement of dityrosine crosslinking in α-synuclein assembly and deposition in Lewy Bodies in Parkinson’s disease ▶     Youssra K. Al-Hilaly, Luca Biasetti, Ben J. F. Blakeman et al.     Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by intracellular, insoluble Lewy bodies composed of highly stable α-synuclein (α-syn) amyloid fibrils. α-synuclein is an intrinsically …             A Clickable Analogue of Ketamine Retains NMDA Receptor Activity, Psychoactivity, and Accumulates in Neurons ▶     Christine Emnett, Hairong Li, Xiaoping Jiang et al.     Ketamine is a psychotomimetic and antidepressant drug. Although antagonism of cell-surface NMDA receptors (NMDARs) may trigger ketamine’s psychoactive effects, ketamine or its …             A detergent-based procedure for the preparation of IgG-like bispecific antibodies in high yield ▶     Jyoti Gupta, Mehboob Hoque, Masihuz Zaman et al.     Bispecific antibodies (BsAbs), with the ability to recognize two different epitopes simultaneously, offer remarkable advantages in bioassays, cancer therapy, biosensors, and …             How types of premises modulate the typicality effect in category-based induction: diverging evidence from the P2, P3, and LPC effects ▶     Xiuling Liang, Qingfei Chen, Yi Lei et al.     Behavioural studies have indicated that semantic typicality influences processing time and accuracy during the performance of inductive reasoning (i.e., the typicality effect). …             A Jurassic wood providing insights into the earliest step in Ginkgo wood evolution ▶     Zikun Jiang, Yongdong Wang, Marc Philippe et al.     The fossil record of Ginkgo leaf and reproductive organs has been well dated to the Mid-Jurassic (170 Myr). However, the fossil wood record that can safely be assigned to …             New cell motility model observed in parasitic cnidarian Sphaerospora molnari (Myxozoa:Myxosporea) blood stages in fish ▶     A. Hartigan, I. Estensoro, M. Vancová et al.     Cellular motility is essential for microscopic parasites, it is used to reach the host, migrate through tissues, or evade host immune reactions. Many cells employ an evolutionary …             Harnessing the natural inhibitory domain to control TNFα Converting Enzyme (TACE) activity in vivo ▶     Eitan Wong, Tal Cohen, Erez Romi et al.     Dysregulated activity of A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17)/TNFα Converting Enzyme (TACE) is associated with inflammatory disorders and cancer progression by …             A molecular and neuronal basis for amino acid sensing in the Drosophila larva ▶     Vincent Croset, Michael Schleyer, J. Roman Arguello et al.     Amino acids are important nutrients for animals, reflected in conserved internal pathways in vertebrates and invertebrates for monitoring cellular levels of these compounds. In …             Generation of kidney tubular organoids from human pluripotent stem cells ▶     Shintaro Yamaguchi, Ryuji Morizane, Koichiro Homma et al.     Recent advances in stem cell research have resulted in methods to generate kidney organoids from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), which contain cells of multiple lineages …             A structural insight into the negative effects of opioids in analgesia by modulating the TLR4 signaling: An in silico approach ▶     Masaud Shah, Muhammad Ayaz Anwar, Dhanusha Yesudhas et al.     Opioids are considered the gold standard therapy for pain. However, TLR-dependent negative effects in analgesia have highlighted the complexities in the pharmacodynamics of …             Sensitive and accurate quantification of human malaria parasites using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) ▶     Cristian Koepfli, Wang Nguitragool, Natalie E. Hofmann et al.     Accurate quantification of parasite density in the human host is essential for understanding the biology and pathology of malaria. Semi-quantitative molecular methods are widely …             Ginsenoside Rg1 attenuates ultraviolet B-induced glucocortisides resistance in keratinocytes via Nrf2/HDAC2 signalling ▶     Jun Li, Dong Liu, Jinfeng Wu et al.     Oxidative stress, which occurs after ultraviolet (UV) radiation, usually results in Glucocorticoid (GC) resistance and the subsequent development of skin inflammation. One …             CREB3L3 controls fatty acid oxidation and ketogenesis in synergy with PPARα ▶     Yoshimi Nakagawa, Aoi Satoh, Hitomi Tezuka et al.     CREB3L3 is involved in fatty acid oxidation and ketogenesis in a mutual manner with PPARα. To evaluate relative contribution, a combination of knockout and transgenic mice was …             Establishment of the cytoplasmic incompatibility-inducing Wolbachia strain wMel in an important agricultural pest insect ▶     Xiao-Fei Zhou, Zheng-Xi Li     The wMel Wolbachia strain was known for cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI)-induction and blocking the transmission of dengue. However, it is unknown whether it can establish and …             Brusatol inhibits HIF-1 signaling pathway and suppresses glucose uptake under hypoxic conditions in HCT116 cells ▶     Yapeng Lu, Bo Wang, Qian Shi et al.     Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is an important transcription factor that induces adaptive responses upon low oxygen conditions in human cancers and triggers off a poor …             Lipidomic analysis enables prediction of clinical outcomes in burn patients ▶     Peter Qi, Abdikarim Abdullahi, Mile Stanojcic et al.     Recent discoveries have highlighted the novel metabolic functions of adipose tissue in enhancing hypermetabolism after trauma. As the exact function and expression profiles of …             Ionizing radiation from Chernobyl affects development of wild carrot plants ▶     Zbyszek Boratyński, Javi Miranda Arias, Cristina Garcia et al.     Radioactivity released from disasters like Chernobyl and Fukushima is a global hazard and a threat to exposed biota. To minimize the deleterious effects of stressors organisms …             Effects of Bisphenol A Metabolite 4-Methyl-2,4-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)pent-1-ene on Lung Function and Type 2 Pulmonary Alveolar Epithelial Cell Growth ▶     Shing-Hwa Liu, Chin-Chuan Su, Kuan-I Lee et al.     Bisphenol A (BPA) is recognized as a major pollutant worldwide. 4-Methyl-2,4-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)pent-1-ene (MBP) is a major active metabolite of BPA. The epidemiological and …             Galectin-3 Induces a Pro-degradative/inflammatory Gene Signature in Human Chondrocytes, Teaming Up with Galectin-1 in Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis ▶     Daniela Weinmann, Karin Schlangen, Sabine André et al.     Inflammatory chemo- and cytokines and matrix-degrading proteases underlie the progression of osteoarthritis (OA). Aiming to define upstream regulators for these disease markers, …             Huangqin-tang ameliorates dextran sodium sulphate-induced colitis by regulating intestinal epithelial cell homeostasis, inflammation and immune response ▶     Ying Zou, Jiantao Lin, Wenyang Li et al.     Huangqin-tang (HQT) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula widely used for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease in China. However, the molecular mechanisms by …             Thiol-Capped Gold Nanoparticles Swell-Encapsulated into Polyurethane as Powerful Antibacterial Surfaces Under Dark and Light Conditions ▶     Thomas J. Macdonald, Ke Wu, Sandeep K. Sehmi et al.     A simple procedure to develop antibacterial surfaces using thiol-capped gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) is shown, which effectively kill bacteria under dark and light conditions. The …             TracMouse: A computer aided movement analysis script for the mouse inverted horizontal grid test ▶     W. Niewiadomski, E. Palasz, M. Skupinska et al.     In rodents, detection and quantification of motor impairments is difficult. The traction test (inverted grid with mice clinging to the underside) currently has no objective …             Unraveling gene expression profiles in peripheral motor nerve from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients: insights into pathogenesis ▶     Nilo Riva, Ferdinando Clarelli, Teuta Domi et al.     The aim of the present study is to investigate the molecular pathways underlying amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) pathogenesis within the peripheral nervous system. We …             Capillary isoelectric focusing after sample enrichment with immunoaffinity chromatography in a single capillary ▶     Kiyohito Shimura, Toshihiko Nagai     For accurate micro-scale quantification of a specific protein in biological fluids, immunoaffinity chromatography (IAC) and isoelectric focusing (IEF) were combined in a single …             MiR-150 promotes cellular metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer by targeting FOXO4 ▶     Hui Li, Ruoyun Ouyang, Zi Wang et al.     Previous studies have shown that dysregulation of microRNA-150 (miR-150) is associated with aberrant proliferation of human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. However, …             Integrating Information in Biological Ontologies and Molecular Networks to Infer Novel Terms ▶     Le Li, Kevin Y. Yip     Currently most terms and term-term relationships in Gene Ontology (GO) are defined manually, which creates cost, consistency and completeness issues. Recent studies have …             AECHL-1 targets breast cancer progression via inhibition of metastasis, prevention of EMT and suppression of Cancer Stem Cell characteristics ▶     Aparajita Dasgupta, Mithila A. Sawant, Gayatri Kavishwar et al.     Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) features among the most aggressive manifestations of cancer due to its enhanced metastatic potential and immunity to therapeutics which …             Induction of a robust immunity response against novel duck reovirus in ducklings using a subunit vaccine of sigma C protein ▶     Zhuangli Bi, Yingqi Zhu, Zongyan Chen et al.     Novel duck reovirus (NDRV) disease emerged in China in 2011 and continues to cause high morbidity and about 5.0 to 50% mortality in ducklings. Currently there are no approved …             High-order synchronization of hair cell bundles ▶     Michael Levy, Adrian Molzon, Jae-Hyun Lee et al.     Auditory and vestibular hair cell bundles exhibit active mechanical oscillations at natural frequencies that are typically lower than the detection range of the corresponding end …             Genetically manipulated phages with improved pH resistance for oral administration in veterinary medicine ▶     Franklin L. Nobrega, Ana Rita Costa, José F. Santos et al.     Orally administered phages to control zoonotic pathogens face important challenges, mainly related to the hostile conditions found in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). These …             Distinct effects of isoflurane on basal BOLD signals in tissue/vascular microstructures in rats ▶     Tomokazu Tsurugizawa, Yukari Takahashi, Fusao Kato     Isoflurane is a well-known volatile anesthetic. However, it remains equivocal whether its effects on BOLD signal differ depending on the types of intracranial structures, such as …             Porphyrins produce uniquely ephemeral animal colouration: a possible signal of virginity ▶     Ismael Galván, Pablo R. Camarero, Rafael Mateo et al.     Colours that underlie animal pigmentation can either be permanent or renewable in the short term. Here we describe the discovery of a conspicuous salmon-pink colouration in the …             Genetic variation in IGF1 predicts renal cell carcinoma susceptibility and prognosis in Chinese population ▶     Qiang Cao, Chao Liang, Jianxin Xue et al.     Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and IGF binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) play an important role in the development and progression of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We evaluated the …             A hamster model for Marburg virus infection accurately recapitulates Marburg hemorrhagic fever ▶     Andrea Marzi, Logan Banadyga, Elaine Haddock et al.     Marburg virus (MARV), a close relative of Ebola virus, is the causative agent of a severe human disease known as Marburg hemorrhagic fever (MHF). No licensed vaccine or …             A window into the brain mechanisms associated with noise sensitivity ▶     Marina Kliuchko, Marja Heinonen-Guzejev, Peter Vuust et al.     Noise sensitive individuals are more likely to experience negative emotions from unwanted sounds and they show greater susceptibility to adverse effects of noise on health. Noise …             Revealing patterns of cultural transmission from frequency data: equilibrium and non-equilibrium assumptions ▶     Enrico R. Crema, Anne Kandler, Stephen Shennan     A long tradition of cultural evolutionary studies has developed a rich repertoire of mathematical models of social learning. Early studies have laid the foundation of more recent …             Characterization of the Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Leucoma salicis (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) and Comparison with Other Lepidopteran Insects ▶     Yu-Xuan Sun, Lei Wang, Guo-Qing Wei et al.     The complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Leucoma salicis (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) was sequenced and annotated. It is a circular molecule of 15,334 bp, containing the …             Roles of human POLD1 and POLD3 in genome stability ▶     Emanuela Tumini, Sonia Barroso, Carmen Pérez -Calero et al.     DNA replication is essential for cellular proliferation. If improperly controlled it can constitute a major source of genome instability, frequently associated with cancer and …             Investigating the human Calcineurin Interaction Network using the πɸLxVP SLiM ▶     Sarah R. Sheftic, Rebecca Page, Wolfgang Peti     Ser/thr phosphorylation is the primary reversible covalent modification of proteins in eukaryotes. As a consequence, it is the reciprocal actions of kinases and phosphatases that …             Cadmium(II) inhibition of human uracil-DNA glycosylase by catalytic water supplantation ▶     Trevor Gokey, Bo Hang, Anton B. Guliaev     Toxic metals are known to inhibit DNA repair but the underlying mechanisms of inhibition are still not fully understood. DNA repair enzymes such as human uracil-DNA glycosylase (h…             Disentangling the influence of earthworms in sugarcane rhizosphere ▶     Lucas P. P. Braga, Caio A. Yoshiura, Clovis D. Borges et al.     For the last 150 years many studies have shown the importance of earthworms for plant growth, but the exact mechanisms involved in the process are still poorly understood. Many …             Differential IL-1β secretion by monocyte subsets is regulated by Hsp27 through modulating mRNA stability ▶     Eva Hadadi, Biyan Zhang, Kajus Baidžajevas et al.     Monocytes play a central role in regulating inflammation in response to infection or injury, and during auto-inflammatory diseases. Human blood contains classical, intermediate …             A Critical, Nonlinear Threshold Dictates Bacterial Invasion and Initial Kinetics During Influenza ▶     Amber M. Smith, Amanda P. Smith     Secondary bacterial infections increase morbidity and mortality of influenza A virus (IAV) infections. Bacteria are able to invade due to virus-induced depletion of alveolar …             Human cellular CYBA UTR sequences increase mRNA translation without affecting the half-life of recombinant RNA transcripts ▶     Mehrije Ferizi, Manish K. Aneja, Elizabeth R. Balmayor et al.     Modified nucleotide chemistries that increase the half-life (T1/2) of transfected recombinant mRNA and the use of non-native 5′- and 3′-untranslated region (UTR) sequences that …             Stress physiology and weapon integrity of intertidal mantis shrimp under future ocean conditions ▶     Maya S. deVries, Summer J. Webb, Jenny Tu et al.     Calcified marine organisms typically experience increased oxidative stress and changes in mineralization in response to ocean acidification and warming conditions. These effects …             A pathway-centric view of spatial proximity in the 3D nucleome across cell lines ▶     Hiren Karathia, Carl Kingsford, Michelle Girvan et al.     In various contexts, spatially proximal genes have been shown to be functionally related. However, the extent to which spatial proximity of genes in a pathway contributes to the …             Interactomic analysis of REST/NRSF and implications of its functional links with the transcription suppressor TRIM28 during neuronal differentiation ▶     Namgyu Lee, Sung Jin Park, Ghazal Haddad et al.     RE-1 silencing transcription factor (REST) is a transcriptional repressor that regulates gene expression by binding to repressor element 1. However, despite its critical function …             Structural implications of Ca2+-dependent actin-bundling function of human EFhd2/Swiprosin-1 ▶     Kyoung Ryoung Park, Min-Sung Kwon, Jun Yop An et al.     EFhd2/Swiprosin-1 is a cytoskeletal Ca2+-binding protein implicated in Ca2+-dependent cell spreading and migration in epithelial cells. EFhd2 domain architecture includes an …             Modulation of gut microbiota and delayed immunosenescence as a result of syringaresinol consumption in middle-aged mice ▶     Si-Young Cho, Juewon Kim, Ji Hae Lee et al.     Age-associated immunological dysfunction (immunosenescence) is closely linked to perturbation of the gut microbiota. Here, we investigated whether syringaresinol (SYR), a …             Vocal sequences suppress spiking in the bat auditory cortex while evoking concomitant steady-state local field potentials ▶     Julio C. Hechavarría, M. Jerome Beetz, Silvio Macias et al.     The mechanisms by which the mammalian brain copes with information from natural vocalization streams remain poorly understood. This article shows that in highly vocal animals, …             Arabidopsis myrosinases link the glucosinolate-myrosinase system and the cuticle ▶     Ishita Ahuja, Ric C. H. de Vos, Jens Rohloff et al.     Both physical barriers and reactive phytochemicals represent two important components of a plant’s defence system against environmental stress. However, these two defence systems …             Microcystin-Leucine Arginine Causes Cytotoxic Effects in Sertoli Cells Resulting in Reproductive Dysfunction in Male Mice ▶     Yabing Chen, Yuan Zhou, Jing Wang et al.     Microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) is a potent toxin for Sertoli cells. However, the specific molecular mechanisms of MC-induced cytotoxicity still remain unclear. In this …             Novel platform technology for modular mucosal vaccine that protects against streptococcus ▶     Mehfuz Zaman, Victoria Ozberk, Emma L. Langshaw et al.     The upper respiratory tract (URT) is the major entry site for human pathogens and strategies to activate this network could lead to new vaccines capable of preventing infection …             The genome of Rhizobiales bacteria in predatory ants reveals urease gene functions but no genes for nitrogen fixation ▶     Minna-Maria Neuvonen, Daniel Tamarit, Kristina Näslund et al.     Gut-associated microbiota of ants include Rhizobiales bacteria with affiliation to the genus Bartonella. These bacteria may enable the ants to fix atmospheric nitrogen, but no …             Genomic Identification and Comparative Expansion Analysis of the Non-Specific Lipid Transfer Protein Gene Family in Gossypium ▶     Feng Li, Kai Fan, Fanglu Ma et al.     Plant non-specific lipid transfer proteins (nsLTPs) are involved in many biological processes. In this study, 51, 47 and 91 nsLTPs were identified in Gossypium arboreum, G. …             Study of Repetitive Movements Induced Oscillatory Activities in Healthy Subjects and Chronic Stroke Patients ▶     Chuan-Chih Hsu, Wai-Keung Lee, Kuo-Kai Shyu et al.     Repetitive movements at a constant rate require the integration of internal time counting and motor neural networks. Previous studies have proved that humans can follow short …             The double-domain cytidine deaminase APOBEC3G is a cellular site-specific RNA editing enzyme ▶     Shraddha Sharma, Santosh K. Patnaik, Robert T. Taggart et al.     APOBEC3G is a cytidine deaminase with two homologous domains and restricts retroelements and HIV-1. APOBEC3G deaminates single-stranded DNAs via its C-terminal domain, whereas …             Evidence for a LOS and a capsular polysaccharide in Capnocytophaga canimorsus ▶     Francesco Renzi, Simon J. Ittig, Irina Sadovskaya et al.     Capnocytophaga canimorsus is a dog’s and cat’s oral commensal which can cause fatal human infections upon bites or scratches. Infections mainly start with flu-like symptoms but …             Anticancer activity of a monobenzyltin complex C1 against MDA-MB-231 cells through induction of Apoptosis and inhibition of breast cancer stem cells ▶     Somayeh Fani, Behnam Kamalidehghan, Kong Mun Lo et al.     In the present study, we examined the cytotoxic effects of Schiff base complex, [N-(3,5-dichloro-2-oxidobenzylidene)-4-chlorobenzyhydrazidato](o-methylbenzyl)aquatin(IV) …             Pollen and spores as biological recorders of past ultraviolet irradiance ▶     Phillip E. Jardine, Wesley T. Fraser, Barry H. Lomax et al.     Solar ultraviolet (UV) irradiance is a key driver of climatic and biotic change. Ultraviolet irradiance modulates stratospheric warming and ozone production, and influences the …             Epithelial ovarian carcinoma diagnosis by desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging ▶     Maria Luisa Dória, James S. McKenzie, Anna Mroz et al.     Ovarian cancer is highly prevalent among European women, and is the leading cause of gynaecological cancer death. Current histopathological diagnoses of tumour severity are based …             Increased Fetal Thymocytes Apoptosis Contributes to Prenatal Nicotine Exposure-induced Th1/Th2 Imbalance in Male Offspring Mice ▶     Ting Chen, You-e Yan, Sha Liu et al.     Nicotine, a definite risk factor during pregnancy, is an immunomodulator. This study was designed to investigate the effects of prenatal nicotine exposure (PNE) on the balance of …             High-throughput and automated diagnosis of antimicrobial resistance using a cost-effective cellphone-based micro-plate reader ▶     Steve Feng, Derek Tseng, Dino Di Carlo et al.     Routine antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) can prevent deaths due to bacteria and reduce the spread of multi-drug-resistance, but cannot be regularly performed in …             Interstitial Cystitis-Associated Urinary Metabolites Identified by Mass-Spectrometry Based Metabolomics Analysis ▶     Tobias Kind, Eunho Cho, Taeeun D. Park et al.     This study on interstitial cystitis (IC) aims to identify a unique urine metabolomic profile associated with IC, which can be defined as an unpleasant sensation including pain …             Evaluation of efficacy and safety for recombinant human adenovirus-p53 in the control of the malignant pleural effusions via thoracic perfusion ▶     Rong Biaoxue, Pan Hui, Gao Wenlong et al.     A certain number of studies have showed that p53 gene transfer has an anti-tumor activity in vitro and in vivo. This study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of thoracic …             The Unravelling of the Genetic Architecture of Plasminogen Deficiency and its Relation to Thrombotic Disease ▶     Laura Martin-Fernandez, Pascual Marco, Irene Corrales et al.     Although plasminogen is a key protein in fibrinolysis and several mutations in the plasminogen gene (PLG) have been identified that result in plasminogen deficiency, there are …             Comparison of impulsivity in non-problem, at-risk and problem gamblers ▶     Wan-Sen Yan, Ran-Ran Zhang, Yan Lan et al.     As a non-substance addiction, gambling disorder represents the model for studying the neurobiology of addiction without toxic consequences of chronic drug use. From a …             Exercising alone versus with others and associations with subjective health status in older Japanese: The JAGES Cohort Study ▶     Satoru Kanamori, Tomoko Takamiya, Shigeru Inoue et al.     Although exercising with others may have extra health benefits compared to exercising alone, few studies have examined the differences. We sought to examine whether the …             Human dental stem cells suppress PMN activity after infection with the periodontopathogens Prevotella intermedia and Tannerella forsythia ▶     Cathleen Hieke, Katja Kriebel, Robby Engelmann et al.     Periodontitis is characterized by inflammation associated with the colonization of different oral pathogens. We here aimed to investigate how bacteria and host cells shape their …             Tracking the Impact of Excisional Cervical Treatment on the Cervix using Biospectroscopy ▶     Diane E. Halliwell, Maria Kyrgiou, Anita Mitra et al.     Local excisional treatment for cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN) is linked to significant adverse sequelae including preterm birth, with cone depth and radicality of …             The proteomic profile of whole and glandular saliva in healthy pain-free subjects ▶     Hajer Jasim, Patrik Olausson, Britt Hedenberg-Magnusson et al.     Determination of the variability in the salivary proteome is a prerequisite for the development of saliva as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in particular physiological states. …             Notch regulates Th17 differentiation and controls trafficking of IL-17 and metabolic regulators within Th17 cells in a context-dependent manner ▶     Manuel Coutaz, Benjamin P. Hurrell, Floriane Auderset et al.     Th17 cells play critical roles in host defense and autoimmunity. Emerging data support a role for Notch signaling in Th17 cell differentiation but whether it is a positive or …             Rats overexpressing the dopamine transporter display behavioral and neurobiological abnormalities with relevance to repetitive disorders ▶     Ravit Hadar, Henriette Edemann-Callesen, Claudia Reinel et al.     The dopamine transporter (DAT) plays a pivotal role in maintaining optimal dopamine signaling. DAT-overactivity has been linked to various neuropsychiatric disorders yet so far …             Microarray analysis of long noncoding RNA and mRNA expression profiles in human macrophages infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis ▶     Xiaofan Yang, Jiahui Yang, Jinli Wang et al.     Macrophages play a crucial role in the control and elimination of invading Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), and also serve as the major residence for Mtb. However, the …             Host cell surfaces induce a Type IV pili-dependent alteration of bacterial swimming ▶     Guillaume Golovkine, Laurence Lemelle, Claire Burny et al.     For most pathogenic bacteria, flagellar motility is recognized as a virulence factor. Here, we analysed the swimming behaviour of bacteria close to eukaryotic cellular surfaces, …             Sympathetic neurons are a powerful driver of myocyte function in cardiovascular disease ▶     Hege E. Larsen, Konstantinos Lefkimmiatis, David J. Paterson     Many therapeutic interventions in disease states of heightened cardiac sympathetic activity are targeted to the myocytes. However, emerging clinical data highlights a dominant …             Sex differences in number processing: Differential systems for subtraction and multiplication were confirmed in men, but not in women ▶     Belinda Pletzer     Neuroimaging studies suggest segregated neuronal systems underlying number magnitude processing (e.g. subtraction) and arithmetic fact retrieval (e.g. multiplication). While …             The 5′UTR variant of ERCC5 fails to influence outcomes in ovarian and lung cancer patients undergoing treatment with platinum-based drugs ▶     Eliana Rulli, Federica Guffanti, Elisa Caiola et al.     The common polymorphic variant in the 5′ untranslated region of the excision repair cross-complementation group 5 (ERCC5) gene was described to generate an upstream open reading …             Surfactin inducing mitochondria-dependent ROS to activate MAPKs, NF-κB and inflammasomes in macrophages for adjuvant activity ▶     Ping Gan, Zhenqiu Gao, Xiuyun Zhao et al.     Surfactin, a natural lipopeptide, can be used both as parenteral and non-parenteral adjuvant for eliciting immune response. However, the mechanisms that confer its adjuvant …             Corrigendum: Molecular characterization of a family 5 glycoside hydrolase suggests an induced-fit enzymatic mechanism ▶     Marcelo V. Liberato, Rodrigo L. Silveira, Érica T. Prates et al.                 Cumulative release characteristics of controlled-release nitrogen and potassium fertilizers and their effects on soil fertility, and cotton growth ▶     Xiuyi Yang, Jibiao Geng, Chengliang Li et al.     To investigate the interacting effects of polymer coated urea (PCU) and polymer coated potassium chloride (PCPC) on cotton growth, an experiment was conducted with containerized …             Multivalent pIX phage display selects for distinct and improved antibody properties ▶     Lene S. Høydahl, Nicolay R. Nilssen, Kristin S. Gunnarsen et al.     Phage display screening readily allows for the identification of a multitude of antibody specificities, but to identify optimal lead candidates remains a challenge. Here, we …             Particles from the Echinococcus granulosus laminated layer inhibit IL-4 and growth factor-driven Akt phosphorylation and proliferative responses in macrophages ▶     Paula I. Seoane, Dominik Rückerl, Cecilia Casaravilla et al.     Proliferation of macrophages is a hallmark of inflammation in many type 2 settings including helminth infections. The cellular expansion is driven by the type 2 cytokine …             New Immunosuppressive Sphingoid Base and Ceramide Analogues in Wild Cordyceps ▶     Jia-Ning Mi, Yuwei Han, Yingqiong Xu et al.     A comprehensive identification of sphingoid bases and ceramides in wild Cordyceps was performed by integrating a sequential chromatographic enrichment procedure and an UH…             Epidemiology of two human protoparvoviruses, bufavirus and tusavirus ▶     Elina Väisänen, Minna Paloniemi, Inka Kuisma et al.     Two human parvoviruses were recently discovered by metagenomics in Africa, bufavirus (BuV) in 2012 and tusavirus (TuV) in 2014. These viruses have been studied exclusively by PCR …             Boosting Adaptive Immunity: A New Role for PAFR Antagonists ▶     Marianna M. Koga, Bruna Bizzarro, Anderson Sá-Nunes et al.     We have previously shown that the Platelet-Activating Factor Receptor (PAFR) engagement in murine macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) promotes a tolerogenic phenotype reversed …             Trans-generational desensitization and within-generational resensitization of a sucrose-best neuron in the polyphagous herbivore Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) ▶     Ying Ma, Jingjing Li, Qingbo Tang et al.     Dietary exposure of insects to a feeding deterrent substance for hours to days can induce habituation and concomitant desensitization of the response of peripheral gustatory …             High Vimentin Expression Associated with Lymph Node Metastasis and Predicated a Poor Prognosis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ▶     Shuli Liu, Liu Liu, Weimin Ye et al.     Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common public health problem worldwide with poor prognosis, which is largely due to lymph node metastasis and recurrence. Identification …             Detecting the existence of gene flow between Spanish and North African goats through a coalescent approach ▶     Amparo Martínez, Arianna Manunza, Juan Vicente Delgado et al.     Human-driven migrations are one of the main processes shaping the genetic diversity and population structure of domestic species. However, their magnitude and direction have been …             Slit-Robo GTPase-Activating Protein 2 as a metastasis suppressor in osteosarcoma ▶     Tracy A. Marko, Ghaidan A. Shamsan, Elizabeth N. Edwards et al.     Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone tumor, with metastatic disease responsible for most treatment failure and patient death. A forward genetic screen utilizing Sleeping …             Symbiont-derived sphingolipids modulate mucosal homeostasis and B cells in teleost fish ▶     Ali Sepahi, Héctor Cordero, Howard Goldfine et al.     Symbiotic bacteria and mucosal immunoglobulins have co-evolved for millions of years in vertebrate animals. Symbiotic bacteria products are known to modulate different aspects of …             Resilin microjoints: a smart design strategy to avoid failure in dragonfly wings ▶     H. Rajabi, A. Shafiei, A. Darvizeh et al.     Dragonflies are fast and manoeuvrable fliers and this ability is reflected in their unique wing morphology. Due to the specific lightweight structure, with the crossing veins …             Ebselen Preserves Tissue-Engineered Cell Sheets and their Stem Cells in Hypothermic Conditions ▶     Ryosuke Katori, Ryuhei Hayashi, Yuki Kobayashi et al.     Clinical trials have been performed using autologous tissue-engineered epithelial cell sheets for corneal regenerative medicine. To improve stem cell-based therapy for convenient …             Identification of Development-Related Genes in the Ovaries of Adult Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) Lady Beetles Using a Time- Series Analysis by RNA-seq ▶     Wenxiao Du, Fanrong Zeng     Adults of the lady beetle species Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) are bred artificially en masse for classic biological control, which requires egg-laying by the H. axyridis ovary. …             Anesthesia and brain sensory processing: impact on neuronal responses in a female songbird ▶     G. Karino, I. George, L. Loison et al.     Whether anesthesia impacts brain sensory processing is a highly debated and important issue. There is a general agreement that anesthesia tends to diminish neuronal activity, but …             Hybrid microscaffold-based 3D bioprinting of multi-cellular constructs with high compressive strength: A new biofabrication strategy ▶     Yu Jun Tan, Xipeng Tan, Wai Yee Yeong et al.     A hybrid 3D bioprinting approach using porous microscaffolds and extrusion-based printing method is presented. Bioink constitutes of cell-laden poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) …             Epoxygenated Fatty Acids Inhibit Retinal Vascular Inflammation ▶     Megan E. Capozzi, Sandra S. Hammer, Gary W. McCollum et al.     The objective of the present study was to assess the effect of elevating epoxygenated fatty acids on retinal vascular inflammation. To stimulate inflammation we utilized TNFα, a …             Design and evaluation of primers targeting genes encoding NO-forming nitrite reductases: implications for ecological inference of denitrifying communities ▶     Germán Bonilla-Rosso, Lea Wittorf, Christopher M. Jones et al.     The detection of NO-forming nitrite reductase genes (nir) has become the standard when studying denitrifying communities in the environment, despite well-known amplification …             Gene network analysis identifies rumen epithelial cell proliferation, differentiation and metabolic pathways perturbed by diet and correlated with methane production ▶     Ruidong Xiang, Jody McNally, Suzanne Rowe et al.     Ruminants obtain nutrients from microbial fermentation of plant material, primarily in their rumen, a multilayered forestomach. How the different layers of the rumen wall respond …             Comparative Proteomics Reveals that Phosphorylation of β Carbonic Anhydrase 1 Might be Important for Adaptation to Drought Stress in Brassica napus ▶     Limin Wang, Xiang Jin, Qingbin Li et al.     Little is known about the mechanism of drought tolerance in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). In this study, different morphological and physiological responses to drought stress …             The hepatic and skeletal muscle ovine metabolomes as affected by weight loss: a study in three sheep breeds using NMR-metabolomics ▶     Mariana Palma, Tim Scanlon, Tanya Kilminster et al.     Sheep are a valuable resource for meat and wool production. During the dry summer, pastures are scarce and animals face Seasonal Weight Loss (SWL), which decreases production …             Structure-based activity prediction of CYP21A2 stability variants: A survey of available gene variations ▶     Carlos D. Bruque, Marisol Delea, Cecilia S. Fernández et al.     Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency accounts for 90–95% of CAH cases. In this work we performed an extensive survey of mutations and SNPs modifying …             Validated methodology for quantifying infestation levels of dreissenid mussels in environmental DNA (eDNA) samples ▶     Luis Peñarrubia, Carles Alcaraz, Abraham bij de Vaate et al.     The zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha Pallas, 1771) and the quagga mussel (D. rostriformis Deshayes, 1838) are successful invasive bivalves with substantial ecological and …             The Spatial Relationship of Malignant and Benign Breast Lesions with Respect to the Fat-Gland Interface on Magnetic Resonance Imaging ▶     Won Hwa Kim, MuLan Li, Wonshik Han et al.     The fat-gland interface in the breast is noteworthy in that major vessels and lymphatic channels supplying the breast are located there; however, the relationship between breast …             The functional architecture of mother-infant communication, and the development of infant social expressiveness in the first two months ▶     Lynne Murray, Leonardo De Pascalis, Laura Bozicevic et al.     By two-three months, infants show active social expressions during face-to-face interactions. These interactions are important, as they provide the foundation for later emotional …             Arsenic resistance strategy in Pantoea sp. IMH: Organization, function and evolution of ars genes ▶     Liying Wang, Xuliang Zhuang, Guoqiang Zhuang et al.     Pantoea sp. IMH is the only bacterium found in genus Pantoea with a high As resistance capacity, but its molecular mechanism is unknown. Herein, the organization, function, and …             DkXTH8, a novel xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase in persimmon, alters cell wall structure and promotes leaf senescence and fruit postharvest softening ▶     Ye Han, Qiuyan Ban, Hua Li et al.     Fruit softening is mainly associated with cell wall structural modifications, and members of the xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH) family are key enzymes involved …             Insulin-induced Effects on the Subcellular Localization of AKT1, AKT2 and AS160 in Rat Skeletal Muscle ▶     Xiaohua Zheng, Gregory D. Cartee     AKT1 and AKT2, the AKT isoforms that are highly expressed in skeletal muscle, have distinct and overlapping functions, with AKT2 more important for insulin-stimulated glucose …             Variation in the TAS2R31 bitter taste receptor gene relates to liking for the nonnutritive sweetener Acesulfame-K among children and adults ▶     Nuala Bobowski, Danielle R. Reed, Julie A. Mennella     The nonnutritive sweetener (NNS) acesulfame potassium (Ace-K) elicits a bitter off-taste that varies among adults due to polymorphisms in a bitter taste receptor gene. Whether …             Biology of archaea from a novel family Cuniculiplasmataceae (Thermoplasmata) ubiquitous in hyperacidic environments ▶     Olga V. Golyshina, Ilya V. Kublanov, Hai Tran et al.     The order Thermoplasmatales (Euryarchaeota) is represented by the most acidophilic organisms known so far that are poorly amenable to cultivation. Earlier culture-independent …             NLRP3 inflammasome has a protective effect against oxazolone-induced colitis: a possible role in ulcerative colitis ▶     Shigehiro Itani, Toshio Watanabe, Yuji Nadatani et al.     The inflammasomes induce maturation of pro-interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and pro-IL-18. We investigated roles of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). …             Differential protein expression in metallothionein protection from depleted uranium-induced nephrotoxicity ▶     Yuhui Hao, Jiawei Huang, Cong Liu et al.     The purpose of this study was to investigate the underlying mechanism of metallothionein (MT) protection from depleted uranium (DU) using a proteomics approach to search for a D …             Genes essential for the morphogenesis of the Shiga toxin 2-transducing phage from Escherichia coli O157:H7 ▶     Shakhinur Islam Mondal, Md Rakibul Islam, Akira Sawaguchi et al.     Shiga toxin 2 (Stx2), one of the most important virulence factors of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), is encoded by phages. These phages (Stx2 phages) are often called …             Imbalanced positive selection maintains the functional divergence of duplicated DIHYDROKAEMPFEROL 4-REDUCTASE genes ▶     Bing-Hong Huang, Yi-Wen Chen, Chia-Lung Huang et al.     Gene duplication could be beneficial by functional division but might increase the risk of genetic load. The dynamics of duplicated paralogs number could involve recombination, …             The impact of zinc oxide nanoparticles on the bacterial microbiome of activated sludge systems ▶     K. Meli, I. Kamika, J. Keshri et al.     The expected growth in nanomaterial applications could result in increased amounts of nanoparticles entering municipal sewer systems, eventually ending up in wastewater treatment …             Transcriptional analysis of degenerate strain Clostridium beijerinckii DG-8052 reveals a pleiotropic response to CaCO3-associated recovery of solvent production ▶     Shengyin Jiao, Yan Zhang, Caixia Wan et al.     Degenerate Clostridium beijerinckii strain (DG-8052) can be partially recovered by supplementing CaCO3 to fermentation media. Genome resequencing of DG-8052 showed no general …             Phenotypic plasticity in sex pheromone production in Bicyclus anynana butterflies ▶     Emilie Dion, Antónia Monteiro, Joanne Y. Yew     Phenotypic plasticity refers to the environmental control of phenotypes. Cues experienced during development (developmental plasticity) or during adulthood (acclimatization) can …             The accessory proteins REEP5 and REEP6 refine CXCR1-mediated cellular responses and lung cancer progression ▶     Cho Rong Park, Dong-Joo You, Sumi Park et al.     Some G-protein-coupled receptors have been reported to require accessory proteins with specificity for proper functional expression. In this study, we found that CXCR1 interacted …             Heterogeneous shedding of influenza by human subjects and its implications for epidemiology and control ▶     Laetitia Canini, Mark E. J. Woolhouse, Taronna R. Maines et al.     Heterogeneity of infectiousness is an important feature of the spread of many infections, with implications for disease dynamics and control, but its relevance to human influenza …             Spatial distribution of planktonic bacterial and archaeal communities in the upper section of the tidal reach in Yangtze River ▶     Limin Fan, Chao Song, Shunlong Meng et al.     Bacterioplankton and archaeaplankton communities play key roles in the biogeochemical processes of water, and they may be affected by many factors. In this study, we used …             A novel chemiluminescence sensor for sensitive detection of cholesterol based on the peroxidase-like activity of copper nanoclusters ▶     Shuangjiao Xu, Yanqin Wang, Dayun Zhou et al.     A sensitive and selective chemiluminescence (CL) sensor based on the peroxidase-like activity of copper nanoclusters was established for the detection of cholesterol. Copper …             Impact of cuticle photoluminescence on the color morphism of a male damselfly Ischnura senegalensis (Rambur, 1842) ▶     Chin-Jung Chuang, Cheng-Der Liu, Ranjit A. Patil et al.     In this study the damselfly Ischnura senegalensis (Rambur, 1842) was first found to produce strong photoluminescence (PL) emissions from various colored-body portions, such as …             Modeling quorum sensing trade-offs between bacterial cell density and system extension from open boundaries ▶     Mattia Marenda, Marina Zanardo, Antonio Trovato et al.     Bacterial communities undergo collective behavioural switches upon producing and sensing diffusible signal molecules; a mechanism referred to as Quorum Sensing (QS). Exemplarily, …             Salivary and pellicle proteome: A datamining analysis ▶     Hardy Schweigel, Michael Wicht, Falk Schwendicke     We aimed to comprehensively compare two compartmented oral proteomes, the salivary and the dental pellicle proteome. Systematic review and datamining was used to obtain the …             Endogenous programmed death ligand-1 restrains the development and onset of Sjӧgren’s syndrome in non-obese diabetic mice ▶     Jing Zhou, Jun-O. Jin, Toshihisa Kawai et al.     Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) down-modulates various immune responses by engaging the co-inhibitory receptor programmed death-1. Expression of PD-L1 and programmed death-1 is …             Physics-driven Spatiotemporal Regularization for High-dimensional Predictive Modeling: A Novel Approach to Solve the Inverse ECG Problem ▶     Bing Yao, Hui Yang     This paper presents a novel physics-driven spatiotemporal regularization (STRE) method for high-dimensional predictive modeling in complex healthcare systems. This model not only …             Noninvasive Electroencephalogram Based Control of a Robotic Arm for Reach and Grasp Tasks ▶     Jianjun Meng, Shuying Zhang, Angeliki Bekyo et al.     Brain-computer interface (BCI) technologies aim to provide a bridge between the human brain and external devices. Prior research using non-invasive BCI to control virtual …             Molecular mechanism: the human dopamine transporter histidine 547 regulates basal and HIV-1 Tat protein-inhibited dopamine transport ▶     Pamela M. Quizon, Wei-Lun Sun, Yaxia Yuan et al.     Abnormal dopaminergic transmission has been implicated as a risk determinant of HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorders. HIV-1 Tat protein increases synaptic dopamine (DA) …             Electroacupuncture enhances rehabilitation through miR-181b targeting PirB after ischemic stroke ▶     Bin Deng, Fuhai Bai, Heng Zhou et al.     Recent studies have demonstrated microRNAs (miRNAs) and proteins are beneficial to axon regeneration, which may be involved in Electroacupuncture (EA) therapy against stroke. In …             A Critical Role for Toxoplasma gondii Vacuolar Protein Sorting VPS9 in Secretory Organelle Biogenesis and Host Infection ▶     Takaya Sakura, Fabien Sindikubwabo, Lena K. Oesterlin et al.     Accurate sorting of proteins to the three types of parasite-specific secretory organelles namely rhoptry, microneme and dense granule in Toxoplasma gondii is crucial for …             Subtype-specific structural constraints in the evolution of influenza A virus hemagglutinin genes ▶     Alexander P. Gultyaev, Monique I. Spronken, Mathilde Richard et al.     The influenza A virus genome consists of eight RNA segments. RNA structures within these segments and complementary (cRNA) and protein-coding mRNAs may play a role in virus …             General calibration of microbial growth in microplate readers ▶     Keiran Stevenson, Alexander F. McVey, Ivan B. N. Clark et al.     Optical density (OD) measurements of microbial growth are one of the most common techniques used in microbiology, with applications ranging from studies of antibiotic efficacy to …             Altered DNA methylation associated with an abnormal liver phenotype in a cattle model with a high incidence of perinatal pathologies ▶     Hélène Kiefer, Luc Jouneau, Évelyne Campion et al.     Cloning enables the generation of both clinically normal and pathological individuals from the same donor cells, and may therefore be a DNA sequence-independent driver of …             Comparative Systems Analyses Reveal Molecular Signatures of Clinically tested Vaccine Adjuvants ▶     Thorunn A. Olafsdottir, Madelene Lindqvist, Intawat Nookaew et al.     A better understanding of the mechanisms of action of human adjuvants could inform a rational development of next generation vaccines for human use. Here, we exploited a genome …             Improved genome-scale multi-target virtual screening via a novel collaborative filtering approach to cold-start problem ▶     Hansaim Lim, Paul Gray, Lei Xie et al.     Conventional one-drug-one-gene approach has been of limited success in modern drug discovery. Polypharmacology, which focuses on searching for multi-targeted drugs to perturb …             Unusual Five Copies and Dual Forms of nrdB in “Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus”: Biological Implications and PCR Detection Application ▶     Zheng Zheng, Meirong Xu, Minli Bao et al.     “Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus” (CLas), a non-culturable α-proteobacterium, is associated with citrus Huanglongbing (HLB, yellow shoot disease) currently threatening citrus …             Functional proteomics-aided selection of protease inhibitors for herbivore insect control ▶     Asieh Rasoolizadeh, Aurélie Munger, Marie-Claire Goulet et al.     Studies have reported the potential of protease inhibitors to engineer insect resistance in transgenic plants but the general usefulness of this approach in crop protection still …             Selective perturbation of cognitive conflict in the human brain–A combined fMRI and rTMS study ▶     Claudia Peschke, Raphael Köster, Margarethe Korsch et al.     We investigated if single and double conflicts are processed separately in different brain regions and if they are differentially vulnerable to TMS perturbation. Fifteen human …             Global map of oxytocin/vasopressin-like neuropeptide signalling in insects ▶     Zita Liutkeviciute, Johannes Koehbach, Thomas Eder et al.     Oxytocin and vasopressin mediate a range of physiological functions that are important for osmoregulation, reproduction, social behaviour, memory and learning. The origin of this …             Effect of acute pesticide exposure on bee spatial working memory using an analogue of the radial-arm maze ▶     Elizabeth E. W. Samuelson, Zachary P. Chen-Wishart, Richard J. Gill et al.     Pesticides, including neonicotinoids, typically target pest insects by being neurotoxic. Inadvertent exposure to foraging insect pollinators is usually sub-lethal, but may affect …             Neutrophil extracellular trap formation and circulating nucleosomes in patients with chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms ▶     Cecilia P. Marin Oyarzún, Agostina Carestia, Paola R. Lev et al.     The mechanisms underlying increased thrombotic risk in chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are incompletely understood. We assessed whether neutrophil extracellular traps …             Analysis of complete genomes of the rubella virus genotypes 1E and 2B which circulated in China, 2000–2013 ▶     Zhen Zhu, Min-hsin Chen, Emily Abernathy et al.     Rubella viruses of genotypes 1E and 2B are currently the most frequently detected wild-type viruses in the world. Genotype 1E viruses from China have been genetically distinct …             Corrigendum: Increased water salinity applied to tomato plants accelerates the development of the leaf miner Tuta absoluta through bottom-up effects ▶     Peng Han, Zhi-jian Wang, Anne-Violette Lavoir et al.                 Highly efficient transduction of primary adult CNS and PNS neurons ▶     Evgeny Levin, Heike Diekmann, Dietmar Fischer     Delivery and expression of recombinant genes, a key methodology for many applications in biological research, remains a challenge especially for mature neurons. Here, we report …             Deficiency of AXL in Bone Marrow-Derived Cells Does Not Affect Advanced Atherosclerotic Lesion Progression ▶     Manikandan Subramanian, Jonathan D. Proto, Glenn K. Matsushima et al.     AXL, a member of the TAM (Tyro3, Axl, MerTK) family of receptors, plays important roles in cell survival, clearance of dead cells (efferocytosis), and suppression of …             Metabolite Profiling of Preneoplastic and Neoplastic Lesions of Oral Cavity Tissue Samples Revealed a Biomarker Pattern ▶     Syed Ghulam Musharraf, Najia Shahid, Syed Muhammad Ali Naqvi et al.     Oral cancer is a major health challenge in the Indian subcontinent and a dreadful form of cancers worldwide. The current study is focused on the identification of distinguished …             Performance Evaluation and Online Realization of Data-driven Normalization Methods Used in LC/MS based Untargeted Metabolomics Analysis ▶     Bo Li, Jing Tang, Qingxia Yang et al.     In untargeted metabolomics analysis, several factors (e.g., unwanted experimental & biological variations and technical errors) may hamper the identification of differential …             Protective effect of mild endoplasmic reticulum stress on radiation-induced bystander effects in hepatocyte cells ▶     Yuexia Xie, Shuang Ye, Jianghong Zhang et al.     Radiation-induced bystander effect (RIBE) has important implications for secondary cancer risk assessment during cancer radiotherapy, but the defense and self-protective …             System-specific periodicity in quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction data questions threshold-based quantitation ▶     Andrej-Nikolai Spiess, Stefan Rödiger, Michał Burdukiewicz et al.     Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) data are found to display periodic patterns in the fluorescence intensity as a function of sample number for fixed cycle …             Clinical Association of Chemokine (C-X-C motif) Ligand 1 (CXCL1) with Interstitial Pneumonia with Autoimmune Features (IPAF) ▶     Minrui Liang, Zhixing Jiang, Qiong Huang et al.     The term “interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features” (IPAF) has been recently proposed. We here investigate the clinical characteristics of IPAF and evaluate the clinical …             In vivo Assessment of Antioxidant and Wound Healing Improvement of a New Schiff Base Derived Co (II) Complex in Rats ▶     Rashd. M. El-Ferjani, Musa Ahmad, Summaya M. Dhiyaaldeen et al.     Co (II) complex (CMLA) was investigated to evaluate the rate of wound healing in rats. Animals were placed into four groups: gum acacia, Intrasite gel, 10 and 20 mg/ml of CMLA. …             MAP kinase phosphatase 2 deficient mice develop attenuated experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis through regulating dendritic cells and T cells ▶     Mark Barbour, Robin Plevin, Hui-Rong Jiang     Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatases (MKPs) play key roles in inflammation and immune mediated diseases. Here we investigated the mechanisms by which MKP-2 modulates …             Temporal binding of interval markers ▶     Christina Derichs, Eckart Zimmermann     How we estimate the passage of time is an unsolved mystery in neuroscience. Illusions of subjective time provide an experimental access to this question. Here we show that time …             Assessing the potential for Bluetongue virus 8 to spread and vaccination strategies in Scotland ▶     Paul R. Bessell, Kate R. Searle, Harriet K. Auty et al.     Europe has seen frequent outbreaks of Bluetongue (BT) disease since 2006, including an outbreak of BT virus serotype 8 in central France during 2015 that has continued to spread …             Non-canonical integration events in Pichia pastoris encountered during standard transformation analysed with genome sequencing ▶     Jan-Philipp Schwarzhans, Daniel Wibberg, Anika Winkler et al.     The non-conventional yeast Pichia pastoris is a popular host for recombinant protein production in scientific research and industry. Typically, the expression cassette is …             Structural Basis for Human PECAM-1-Mediated Trans-homophilic Cell Adhesion ▶     Menglong Hu, Hongmin Zhang, Qun Liu et al.     Cell adhesion involved in signal transduction, tissue integrity and pathogen infection is mainly mediated by cell adhesion molecules (CAM). One CAM member, …             Genetically targeted 3D visualisation of Drosophila neurons under Electron Microscopy and X-Ray Microscopy using miniSOG ▶     Julian Ng, Alyssa Browning, Lorenz Lechner et al.     Large dimension, high-resolution imaging is important for neural circuit visualisation as neurons have both long- and short-range patterns: from axons and dendrites to the …             Crystal Structure of Escherichia coli originated MCR-1, a phosphoethanolamine transferase for Colistin Resistance ▶     Menglong Hu, Jiubiao Guo, Qipeng Cheng et al.     MCR-1 is a phosphoethanolamine (pEtN) transferase that modifies the pEtN moiety of lipid A, conferring resistance to colistin, which is an antibiotic belonging to the class of …             Toxicity of nine insecticides on four natural enemies of Spodoptera exigua ▶     Yongqiang Liu, Xiangying Li, Chao Zhou et al.     Spodoptera exigua, which feeds on various crops worldwide, has natural enemies that are susceptible to the insecticides used against S. exigua. We investigate the toxicity and …             Mature dendritic cell derived from cryopreserved immature dendritic cell shows impaired homing ability and reduced anti-viral therapeutic effects ▶     Qianqian Zhou, Yulong Zhang, Man Zhao et al.     Cryopreservation is critical in reducing redundant operations and also in quality control in dendritic cell (DC) therapy. Full maturation and efficient homing of DCs to T …             Spatiotemporal analysis with a genetically encoded fluorescent RNA probe reveals TERRA function around telomeres ▶     Toshimichi Yamada, Hideaki Yoshimura, Rintaro Shimada et al.     Telomeric repeat-containing RNA (TERRA) controls the structure and length of telomeres through interactions with numerous telomere-binding proteins. However, little is known …             A novel pleuromutilin antibacterial compound, its binding mode and selectivity mechanism ▶     Zohar Eyal, Donna Matzov, Miri Krupkin et al.     The increasing appearance of pathogenic bacteria with antibiotic resistance is a global threat. Consequently, clinically available potent antibiotics that are active against …             Exchanges of genomic domains between poliovirus and other cocirculating species C enteroviruses reveal a high degree of plasticity ▶     Maël Bessaud, Marie-Line Joffret, Bruno Blondel et al.     The attenuated Sabin strains contained in the oral poliomyelitis vaccine are genetically unstable, and their circulation in poorly immunized populations can lead to the emergence …             Perceived Occupational Stress is associated with Decreased Cortical Activity of the Prefrontal Cortex: A Multichannel Near-infrared Spectroscopy Study ▶     Po-Han Chou, Wei-Hao Lin, Chao-An Hung et al.     Despite an increasing number of reports on the associations between chronic occupational stress and structural and functional changes of the brain, the underlying neural …             Ester-Modified Cyclometalated Iridium(III) Complexes as Mitochondria-Targeting Anticancer Agents ▶     Fang-Xin Wang, Mu-He Chen, Xiao-Ying Hu et al.     Organometallic iridium complexes are potent anticancer candidates which act through different mechanisms from cisplatin-based chemotherapy regimens. Here, ten phosphorescent …             CircRNA accumulation in the aging mouse brain ▶     Hannah Gruner, Mariela Cortés-López, Daphne A. Cooper et al.     Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a newly appreciated class of RNAs expressed across diverse phyla. These enigmatic transcripts are most commonly generated by back-splicing events …             Widespread episodic thiamine deficiency in Northern Hemisphere wildlife ▶     Lennart Balk, Per-Åke Hägerroth, Hanna Gustavsson et al.     Many wildlife populations are declining at rates higher than can be explained by known threats to biodiversity. Recently, thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency has emerged as a …             Effects of light attenuation on the sponge holobiont- implications for dredging management ▶     Mari-Carmen Pineda, Brian Strehlow, Alan Duckworth et al.     Dredging and natural sediment resuspension events can cause high levels of turbidity, reducing the amount of light available for photosynthetic benthic biota. To determine how …             Calcium Channels and Oxidative Stress Mediate a Synergistic Disruption of Tight Junctions by Ethanol and Acetaldehyde in Caco-2 Cell Monolayers ▶     Geetha Samak, Ruchika Gangwar, Avtar S. Meena et al.     Ethanol is metabolized into acetaldehyde in most tissues. In this study, we investigated the synergistic effect of ethanol and acetaldehyde on the tight junction integrity in …             Fossil record of stem groups employed in evaluating the chronogram of insects (Arthropoda: Hexapoda) ▶     Yan-hui Wang, Michael S. Engel, José A. Rafael et al.     Insecta s. str. (=Ectognatha), comprise the largest and most diversified group of living organisms, accounting for roughly half of the biodiversity on Earth. Understanding insect …             High-resolution short-exposure small-animal laboratory x-ray phase-contrast tomography ▶     Daniel H. Larsson, William Vågberg, Andre Yaroshenko et al.     X-ray computed tomography of small animals and their organs is an essential tool in basic and preclinical biomedical research. In both phase-contrast and absorption tomography …             The biogeography of soil archaeal communities on the eastern Tibetan Plateau ▶     Yu Shi, Jonathan M. Adams, Yingying Ni et al.     The biogeographical distribution of soil bacterial communities has been widely investigated. However, there has been little study of the biogeography of soil archaeal communities …             The key role of meteorites in the formation of relevant prebiotic molecules in a formamide/water environment ▶     Luca Rotelli, Josep M. Trigo-Rodríguez, Carles E. Moyano-Cambero et al.     We show that carbonaceous chondrite meteorites actively and selectively catalyze the formation of relevant prebiotic molecules from formamide in aqueous media. Specific catalytic …             The relationship between toll like receptor 4 gene rs4986790 and rs4986791 polymorphisms and sepsis susceptibility: A meta-analysis ▶     Rui Liu, Yuan-Yuan Mo, Hui-Li Wang et al.     Accumulating evidences have demonstrated that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) represents the important etiologic factor for sepsis. Some previous studies have reported the relationship …             Detection of Fungus Infection on Petals of Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) Using NIR Hyperspectral Imaging ▶     Yan-Ru Zhao, Ke-Qiang Yu, Xiaoli Li et al.     Infected petals are often regarded as the source for the spread of fungi Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in all growing process of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) plants. This research …             Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with increased risks of sarcopenia and pre-sarcopenia in Chinese elderly ▶     Taotao Wang, Xiao Feng, Jingjing Zhou et al.     Sarcopenia is a condition characterized by progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass and function. In this study, we used a cross-sectional study with 1090 …             Identification and characterization of human testis derived circular RNAs and their existence in seminal plasma ▶     Wei-Wei Dong, Hui-Min Li, Xing-Rong Qing et al.     Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as novel molecules of interest in gene regulation as other noncoding RNAs. Though they have been explored in some species and tissues, the …             Chimera states in uncoupled neurons induced by a multilayer structure ▶     Soumen Majhi, Matjaž Perc, Dibakar Ghosh     Spatial coexistence of coherent and incoherent dynamics in network of coupled oscillators is called a chimera state. We study such chimera states in a network of neurons without …             OnabotulinumtoxinA Urethral Sphincter Injection as Treatment for Non-neurogenic Voiding Dysfunction – A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study ▶     Yuan-Hong Jiang, Chung-Cheng Wang, Hann-Chorng Kuo     Non-neurogenic voiding dysfunction including dysfunctional voiding and detrusor underactivity caused by a spastic or non-relaxing external urethral sphincter can theoretically be …             Distinct Interactions between Fronto-Parietal and Default Mode Networks in Impaired Consciousness ▶     Jinyi Long, Qiuyou Xie, Qing Ma et al.     Existing evidence suggests that the default-mode network (DMN) and fronto-pariatal network (FPN) play an important role in altered states of consciousness. However, the brain …             A genome-wide screen of bacterial mutants that enhance dauer formation in C. elegans ▶     Amit Khanna, Jitendra Kumar, Misha A. Vargas et al.     Molecular pathways involved in dauer formation, an alternate larval stage that allows Caenorhabditis elegans to survive adverse environmental conditions during development, also …             Proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rat BMSCs on a novel Ti/SiC metal matrix nanocomposite modified by friction stir processing ▶     Chenyuan Zhu, Yuting Lv, Chao Qian et al.     The aims of this study were to fabricate a novel titanium/silicon carbide (Ti/SiC) metal matrix nanocomposite (MMNC) by friction stir processing (FSP) and to investigate its …             HBV maintains electrostatic homeostasis by modulating negative charges from phosphoserine and encapsidated nucleic acids ▶     Pei-Yi Su, Ching-Jen Yang, Tien-Hua Chu et al.     Capsid assembly and stability of hepatitis B virus (HBV) core protein (HBc) particles depend on balanced electrostatic interactions between encapsidated nucleic acids and an …             Sexual dimorphic function of IL-17 in salivary gland dysfunction of the C57BL/6.NOD-Aec1Aec2 model of Sjögren’s syndrome ▶     Alexandria Voigt, Lida Esfandiary, Arun Wanchoo et al.     Interleukin (IL)-17 is one of the critical inflammatory cytokines that plays a direct role in development of Sjögren’s syndrome (SjS), a systemic autoimmune disease characterized …             Atmospheric Deposition-Carried Zn and Cd from a Zinc Smelter and Their Effects on Soil Microflora as Revealed by 16S rDNA ▶     Feng Shen, Yanxia Li, Min Zhang et al.     In this study, we investigated the influence of heavy metals (HM) on total soil bacterial population and its diversity pattern from 10 km distance of a Zinc smelter in Feng …                       npj Systems Biology and Applications is a new online, open access, multi- and cross- disciplinary journal dedicated to publishing finest research on systems biology and all its approaches. 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