Scientific Reports Biology Table of Contents e-alert: 13 December 2016

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13 December 2016      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports       Biological Sciences               Antibacterial and anticancer PDMS surface for mammalian cell growth using the Chinese herb extract paeonol(4-methoxy-2-hydroxyacetophenone) ▶     Jiajia Jiao, Lili Sun, Zaiyu Guo et al.     Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is widely used as a cell culture platform to produce micro- and nano-technology based microdevices. However, the native PDMS surface is not suitable …             High fidelity visualization of cell-to-cell variation and temporal dynamics in nascent extracellular matrix formation ▶     Claire M. McLeod, Robert L. Mauck     Extracellular matrix dynamics are key to tissue morphogenesis, homeostasis, injury, and repair. The spatiotemporal organization of this matrix has profound biological …             Whole-genome sequencing of eight goat populations for the detection of selection signatures underlying production and adaptive traits ▶     Xiaolong Wang, Jing Liu, Guangxian Zhou et al.     The goat (Capra hircus) is one of the first farm animals that have undergone domestication and extensive natural and artificial selection by adapting to various environments, …             Transcriptomic insights into the allelopathic effects of the garlic allelochemical diallyl disulfide on tomato roots ▶     Fang Cheng, Zhi-Hui Cheng, Huan-Wen Meng     Garlic is an allelopathic crop that can alleviate the obstacles to continuous cropping of vegetable crops. Diallyl disulfide (DADS), one of the most important allelochemicals in …             MHC-dependent mate choice is linked to a trace-amine-associated receptor gene in a mammal ▶     Pablo S. C. Santos, Alexandre Courtiol, Andrew J. Heidel et al.     Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes play a pivotal role in vertebrate self/nonself recognition, parasite resistance and life history decisions. In evolutionary terms, …             Nutrient availability shapes the microbial community structure in sugarcane bagasse compost-derived consortia ▶     Bruno L. Mello, Anna M. Alessi, Simon McQueen-Mason et al.     Microbial communities (MCs) create complex metabolic networks in natural habitats and respond to environmental changes by shifts in the community structure. Although members of …             Oxidative stress and carbon metabolism influence Aspergillus flavus transcriptome composition and secondary metabolite production ▶     Jake C. Fountain, Prasad Bajaj, Manish Pandey et al.     Contamination of crops with aflatoxin is a serious global threat to food safety. Aflatoxin production by Aspergillus flavus is exacerbated by drought stress in the field and by …             Antimicrobial mechanism of theaflavins: They target 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase, the key enzyme of the MEP terpenoid biosynthetic pathway ▶     Xian Hui, Qiao Yue, Dan-Dan Zhang et al.     1-Deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase (DXR) is the first committed enzyme in the 2-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) terpenoid biosynthetic pathway and is also a …             G-rich DNA-induced stress response blocks type-I-IFN but not CXCL10 secretion in monocytes ▶     Anna-Maria Herzner, Steven Wolter, Thomas Zillinger et al.     Excessive inflammation can cause damage to host cells and tissues. Thus, the secretion of inflammatory cytokines is tightly regulated at transcriptional, post-transcriptional and …             VRK3-mediated nuclear localization of HSP70 prevents glutamate excitotoxicity-induced apoptosis and Aβ accumulation via enhancement of ERK phosphatase VHR activity ▶     Haengjin Song, Wanil Kim, Sung-Hoon Kim et al.     Most of neurodegenerative disorders are associated with protein aggregation. Glutamate-induced excitotoxicity and persistent extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) …             NKp30+ NK cells are associated with HBV control during pegylated-interferon-alpha-2b therapy of chronic hepatitis B ▶     Xiaokun Shen, Binqing Fu, Yanyan Liu et al.     A pressing need exists for improved therapeutic options for chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Pegylated-interferon-alpha (Peg-IFN-α) achieves sustained off-treatment responses in many …             Multiplex CRISPR/Cas9-based genome engineering enhanced by Drosha-mediated sgRNA-shRNA structure ▶     Qiang Yan, Kun Xu, Jiani Xing et al.     The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) system has recently been developed into a powerful genome-editing technology, as it requires only two key …             Lin28a promotes self-renewal and proliferation of dairy goat spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) through regulation of mTOR and PI3K/AKT ▶     Fanglin Ma, Zhe Zhou, Na Li et al.     Lin28a is a conserved RNA-binding protein that plays an important role in development, pluripotency, stemness maintenance, proliferation and self-renewal. Early studies showed …             Characterization of enterovirus 71 infection and associated outbreak of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease in Shawo of China in 2012 ▶     Michelle Y. Liu, Jin Liu, Weijian Lai et al.     Infection of enterovirus 71 (EV71) and associated hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) are recognized as emerging public health issues worldwide. Hundreds of thousands of …             Interleukin-37 Enhances the Suppressive Activity of Naturally Occurring CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells ▶     Da-Wei Wang, Ning Dong, Yao Wu et al.     Naturally occurring CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) are essential for the suppression of autoimmunity and can control the immune-mediated pathology during the early phase of …             Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-related Factor 2 Deficiency Exacerbates Lupus Nephritis in B6/lpr mice by Regulating Th17 Cell Function ▶     Mei Zhao, Huanpeng Chen, Qingfeng Ding et al.     Lupus nephritis (LN) is the major clinical manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus. LN is promoted by T helper 17 (Th17) cells, which are the major pro-inflammatory T cell …             Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and B. mucronatus secretomes: a comparative proteomic analysis ▶     Joana M. S. Cardoso, Sandra I. Anjo, Luís Fonseca et al.     The pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, recognized as a worldwide major forest pest, is a migratory endoparasitic nematode with capacity to feed on pine tissues and …             Effects of iron and boron combinations on the suppression of Fusarium wilt in banana ▶     Xian Dong, Min Wang, Ning Ling et al.     The effects of mineral nutrient on banana wilt disease, which are the result of a competitive relationship between host plants and pathogens, can affect the interactions of …             The high osmotic response and cell wall integrity pathways cooperate to regulate morphology, microsclerotia development, and virulence in Metarhizium rileyi ▶     Zhangyong Song, Qiang Zhong, Youping Yin et al.     Microsclerotia (MS) formation was successfully induced in Metarhizium rileyi under changing liquid culture conditions. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) play important …             Construction of A Triple-Stimuli-Responsive System Based on Cerium Oxide Coated Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles ▶     Jia Wen, Kui Yang, Yongqian Xu et al.     In this work, a triple-stimuli (GSH, pH and light irradiation) responsive system were designed based on CeO2 nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) coated doxorubicin (DOX) and photosensitizer …             Protective role for lipid modifications of Src-family kinases against chromosome missegregation ▶     Takuya Honda, Shuhei Soeda, Kunihiko Tsuda et al.     Src-family tyrosine kinases, which are expressed in various cell types, play critical roles in cell signalling at the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane through their lipid …             Dihydroartemisinin inhibits catabolism in rat chondrocytes by activating autophagy via inhibition of the NF-κB pathway ▶     Li-Bo Jiang, De-Hua Meng, Soo-Min Lee et al.     Osteoarthritis is a disease with inflammatory and catabolic imbalance in cartilage. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), a natural and safe anti-malarial agent, has been reported to inhibit …             Chaos and Hyperchaos in a Model of Ribosome Autocatalytic Synthesis ▶     Vitaly A. Likhoshvai, Vladislav V. Kogai, Stanislav I. Fadeev et al.     Any vital activities of the cell are based on the ribosomes, which not only provide the basic machinery for the synthesis of all proteins necessary for cell functioning during …             N-tert-butylmethanimine N-oxide is an efficient spin-trapping probe for EPR analysis of glutathione thiyl radical ▶     Melanie J. Scott, Timothy R. Billiar, Detcho A. Stoyanovsky     The electron spin resonance (EPR) spin-trapping technique allows detection of radical species with nanosecond half-lives. This technique is based on the high rates of addition of …             Enhancing radiosensitization in EphB4 receptor-expressing Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas ▶     Shilpa Bhatia, Kellen Hirsch, Jaspreet Sharma et al.     Members of the Eph family of receptor tyrosine kinases have been implicated in a wide array of human cancers. The EphB4 receptor is ubiquitously expressed in head and neck …             Potentiation of Amitriptyline Anti-Hyperalgesic-Like Action By Astroglial Connexin 43 Inhibition in Neuropathic Rats ▶     Tiffany Jeanson, Adeline Duchêne, Damien Richard et al.     Antidepressants, prescribed as first line treatment of neuropathic pain, have a limited efficacy and poorly tolerated side effects. Because recent studies pointed out the …             Tissue-engineered 3-dimensional (3D) microenvironment enhances the direct reprogramming of fibroblasts into cardiomyocytes by microRNAs ▶     Yanzhen Li, Sophie Dal-Pra, Maria Mirotsou et al.     We have recently shown that a combination of microRNAs, miR combo, can directly reprogram cardiac fibroblasts into functional cardiomyocytes in vitro and in vivo. Reprogramming …             Neural Pathway of Renovative and Innovative Products Appreciation ▶     Furong Huang, Chiyue Chiu, Jing Luo     According to the level of change an invention makes on existing things and how it overrides people’s mental schemas on established categories, new inventions can be classified …             Unconscious processing of invisible visual stimuli ▶     Chen Song, Haishan Yao     Unconscious processing of subliminal visual information, as illustrated by the above-chance accuracy in discriminating invisible visual stimuli, is evident in both blindsight …             Inhibition of the processing of miR-25 by HIPK2-Phosphorylated-MeCP2 induces NOX4 in early diabetic nephropathy ▶     Hyung Jung Oh, Mitsuo Kato, Supriya Deshpande et al.     Phosphorylated methyl-CpG binding protein2 (p-MeCP2) suppresses the processing of several microRNAs (miRNAs). Homeo-domain interacting protein kinase2 (HIPK2) phosphorylates …             EnhancerPred: a predictor for discovering enhancers based on the combination and selection of multiple features ▶     Cangzhi Jia, Wenying He     Enhancers are cis elements that play an important role in regulating gene expression by enhancing it. Recent study of modifications revealed that enhancers are a large group of …             Unusual dimeric tetrahydroxanthone derivatives from Aspergillus lentulus and the determination of their axial chiralities ▶     Tian-Xiao Li, Ming-Hua Yang, Ying Wang et al.     The research on secondary metabolites of Aspergillus lentulus afforded eight unusual heterodimeric tetrahydroxanthone derivatives, lentulins A−H (2−9), along with the known …             A Novel Bioreactor System for the Assessment of Endothelialization on Deformable Surfaces ▶     Björn J. Bachmann, Laura Bernardi, Christian Loosli et al.     The generation of a living protective layer at the luminal surface of cardiovascular devices, composed of an autologous functional endothelium, represents the ideal solution to …             Isolated pores dissected from human two-pore channel 2 are functional ▶     Christopher J. Penny, Taufiq Rahman, Altin Sula et al.     Multi-domain voltage-gated ion channels appear to have evolved through sequential rounds of intragenic duplication from a primordial one-domain precursor. Whereas modularity …             Adaptive use of interaction torque during arm reaching movement from the optimal control viewpoint ▶     Van Hoan Vu, Brice Isableu, Bastien Berret     The study aimed at investigating the extent to which the brain adaptively exploits or compensates interaction torque (IT) during movement control in various velocity and load …             Molecular mechanism for sphingosine-induced Pseudomonas ceramidase expression through the transcriptional regulator SphR ▶     Nozomu Okino, Makoto Ito     Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an opportunistic, but serious multidrug-resistant pathogen, secretes a ceramidase capable of cleaving the N-acyl linkage of ceramide to generate fatty …             Microbial community structure and dynamics in thermophilic composting viewed through metagenomics and metatranscriptomics ▶     Luciana Principal Antunes, Layla Farage Martins, Roberta Verciano Pereira et al.     Composting is a promising source of new organisms and thermostable enzymes that may be helpful in environmental management and industrial processes. Here we present results of …             High-resolution transcript profiling reveals shoot abscission process of spruce dwarf mistletoe Arceuthobium sichuanense in response to ethephon ▶     Yonglin Wang, Dianguang Xiong, Ning Jiang et al.     Arceuthobium (dwarf mistletoes) are hemiparasites that may cause great damage to infected trees belonging to Pinaceae and Cupressaceae. Currently, dwarf mistletoe control …             Exploration of the Optimal Minimum Lymph Node Count after Colon Cancer Resection for Patients Aged 80 Years and Older ▶     Xu Guan, Wei Chen, Zheng Jiang et al.     The elderly colon cancer (CC) patients are increasing and represent a heterogeneous patient group. The objectives of this study were to identify the features of lymph node …             RNA interference: a promising biopesticide strategy against the African Sweetpotato Weevil Cylas brunneus ▶     Olivier Christiaens, Katterinne Prentice, Ine Pertry et al.     The African sweetpotato weevil Cylas brunneus is one of the most devastating pests affecting the production of sweetpotatoes, an important staple food in Sub-Saharan Africa. …             Metastatic lymph node ratio demonstrates better prognostic stratification than pN staging in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after esophagectomy ▶     Hongdian Zhang, Huagang Liang, Yongyin Gao et al.     This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of lymph node ratio (LNR) by establishing a hypothetical tumor-ratio-metastasis (TRM) staging system in patients with …             Quantitative determination and toxicity evaluation of 2,4-dichlorophenol using poly(eosin Y)/hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes modified electrode ▶     Xiaolin Zhu, Kexin Zhang, Chengzhi Wang et al.     This study aimed at developing simple, sensitive and rapid electrochemical approach to quantitatively determine and assess the toxicity of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), a …             Adiporedoxin suppresses endothelial activation via inhibiting MAPK and NF-κB signaling ▶     Hui He, Fang Guo, Yong Li et al.     Adiporedoxin (Adrx) is a recently discovered redox regulatory protein that is preferentially expressed in adipose tissue and plays a critical role in the regulation of metabolism …             In vitro effects of the small-molecule protein kinase C agonists on HIV latency reactivation ▶     Jessica Brogdon, Widade Ziani, Xiaolei Wang et al.     The persistence of latently HIV-infected cellular reservoirs represents the major obstacle to virus eradication in patients under antiretroviral therapy (ART). Cure strategies to …             A Novel Method for Estimating Myocardial Strain: Assessment of Deformation Tracking Against Reference Magnetic Resonance Methods in Healthy Volunteers ▶     Kenneth Mangion, Hao Gao, Christie McComb et al.     We developed a novel method for tracking myocardial deformation using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) cine imaging. We hypothesised that circumferential strain using …             In vitro and in vivo comparison of the immunotoxicity of single- and multi-layered graphene oxides with or without pluronic F-127 ▶     Young Chol Cho, Pyo June Pak, Yong Hoon Joo et al.     Graphene oxide (GO) has been a focus of research in the fields of electronics, energy, and biomedicine, including drug delivery. Thus, single- and multi-layered GO (SLGO and …             Reactivity of disulfide bonds is markedly affected by structure and environment: implications for protein modification and stability ▶     Maryam Karimi, Marta T. Ignasiak, Bun Chan et al.     Disulfide bonds play a key role in stabilizing protein structures, with disruption strongly associated with loss of protein function and activity. Previous data have suggested …             p53 activates miR-192-5p to mediate vancomycin induced AKI ▶     Jinwen Chen, Juan Wang, Huiling Li et al.     Pathogenic role of p53 in AKI remains controversial and the underlying mechanism is unclear. Here, we tested whether the inhibition of p53 may ameliorate vancomycin (VAN) induced …             LncRNAs expression profiling in normal ovary, benign ovarian cyst and malignant epithelial ovarian cancer ▶     Huan Wang, Ziyi Fu, Chencheng Dai et al.     Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) has been recognized as a regulator of gene expression, and the dysregulation of lncRNAs is involved in the progression of many types of cancer, …             Effects of dextromethorphan on MDMA-induced serotonergic aberration in the brains of non-human primates using [123I]-ADAM/SPECT ▶     Kuo-Hsing Ma, Tsung-Ta Liu, Shao-Ju Weng et al.     3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), a common recreational drug, is known to cause serotonergic neurotoxicity in the brain. Dextromethorphan (DM) is a widely used …             The role of GRIP1 and ephrin B3 in blood pressure control and vascular smooth muscle cell contractility ▶     Yujia Wang, Zenghui Wu, Hongyu Luo et al.     Several erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular receptor B family (EPHB) and their ligands, ephrinBs (EFNBs), are involved in blood pressure regulation in animal models. We …             Diversity, abundance and activity of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms in fine particulate matter ▶     Jing-Feng Gao, Xiao-Yan Fan, Kai-Ling Pan et al.     Increasing ammonia emissions could exacerbate air pollution caused by fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Therefore, it is of great importance to investigate ammonia oxidation in PM…             Identification of specific biomarkers for gastric adenocarcinoma by ITRAQ proteomic approach ▶     Xiaoxiao Wang, Qiaoming Zhi, Songbai Liu et al.     The aim of this study was to identify biomarkers for gastric cancer (GC) by iTRAQ. Using proteins extracted from a panel of 4 pairs of gastric adenocarcinoma samples (stage …             BLR1 and FCGR1A transcripts in peripheral blood associate with the extent of intrathoracic tuberculosis in children and predict treatment outcome ▶     Synne Jenum, Rasmus Bakken, S. Dhanasekaran et al.     Biomarkers reflecting the extent of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-induced pathology and normalization during anti-tuberculosis treatment (ATT) would considerably facilitate trials …             Nanosomes carrying doxorubicin exhibit potent anticancer activity against human lung cancer cells ▶     Akhil Srivastava, Narsireddy Amreddy, Anish Babu et al.     Successful chemotherapeutic intervention for management of lung cancer requires an efficient drug delivery system. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) can incorporate various therapeutics; …             Profiling bacterial communities associated with sediment-based aquaculture bioremediation systems under contrasting redox regimes ▶     Georgina Robinson, Gary S. Caldwell, Matthew J. Wade et al.     Deposit-feeding invertebrates are proposed bioremediators in microbial-driven sediment-based aquaculture effluent treatment systems. We elucidate the role of the sediment …             Predicting the growth situation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on agar plates and meat stuffs using gas sensors ▶     Xinzhe Gu, Ye Sun, Kang Tu et al.     A rapid method of predicting the growing situation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is presented. Gas sensors were used to acquire volatile compounds generated by P. aeruginosa on agar …             Expression profiling and functional annotation of noncoding genes across 11 distinct organs in rat development ▶     Zhuo Wen, Geng Chen, Sibo Zhu et al.     Accumulating evidence suggests that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have important regulatory functions. However, lacking of functional annotations for ncRNAs hampered us from carrying …             Unlocking bat immunology: establishment of Pteropus alecto bone marrow-derived dendritic cells and macrophages ▶     Peng Zhou, Yok Teng Chionh, Sergio Erdal Irac et al.     Bats carry and shed many emerging infectious disease agents including Ebola virus and SARS-like Coronaviruses, yet they rarely display clinical symptoms of infection. Bat …             Erratum: Myc overexpression enhances epicardial contribution to the developing heart and promotes extensive expansion of the cardiomyocyte population ▶     Cristina Villa del Campo, Ghislaine Lioux, Rita Carmona et al.                 Association between gut microbiota and diapause preparation in the cabbage beetle: a new perspective for studying insect diapause ▶     Wen Liu, Yi Li, Shuang Guo et al.     Gut microbiota mediate the nutritional metabolism and play important roles in human obesity. Diapausing insects accumulate large fat reserves and develop obese phenotypes in …             Opposite effects of high- and low-frequency transcranial random noise stimulation probed with visual motion adaptation ▶     Gianluca Campana, Rebecca Camilleri, Beatrice Moret et al.     Transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS) is a recent neuro-modulation technique whose effects at both behavioural and neural level are still debated. Here we employed the …             Functional and structural characterization of a novel putative cysteine protease cell wall-modifying multi-domain enzyme selected from a microbial metagenome ▶     Muhammad Faheem, Diogo Martins-de-Sa, Julia F. D. Vidal et al.     A current metagenomics focus is to interpret and transform collected genomic data into biological information. By combining structural, functional and genomic data we have …             Corrigendum: Abrupt switch to migratory night flight in a wild migratory songbird ▶     Daniel Zúñiga, Jade Falconer, Adam M. Fudickar et al.                 Corrigendum: PAK1 confers chemoresistance and poor outcome in non-small cell lung cancer via β-catenin-mediated stemness ▶     Ming-Jenn Chen, De-Wei Wu, Yao-Chen Wang et al.                 Erratum: Novel amperometric glucose biosensor based on MXene nanocomposite ▶     R. B. Rakhi, Pranati Nayak, Chuan Xia et al.                 An analytical toolkit for polyploid willow discrimination ▶     Wei Guo, Jing Hou, Tongming Yin et al.     Polyploid breeding is an important means for creating elite willow cultivars, and therefore provokes an active demand for discriminating the ploidy levels of natural willow …             Sensitisation of an Azole-Resistant Aspergillus fumigatus Strain containing the Cyp51A-Related Mutation by Deleting the SrbA Gene ▶     Daisuke Hagiwara, Akira Watanabe, Katsuhiko Kamei     Azoles are widely used for controlling fungal growth in both agricultural and medical settings. The target protein of azoles is CYP51, a lanosterol 14-α-demethylase involved in …             Characterization of the first double-stranded RNA bacteriophage infecting Pseudomonas aeruginosa ▶     Yuhui Yang, Shuguang Lu, Wei Shen et al.     Bacteriophages (phages) are widely distributed in the biosphere and play a key role in modulating microbial ecology in the soil, ocean, and humans. Although the role of DNA …             Chiral Sulfoxide-Induced Single Turn Peptide α-Helicity ▶     Qingzhou Zhang, Fan Jiang, Bingchuan Zhao et al.     Inducing α-helicity through side-chain cross-linking is a strategy that has been pursued to improve peptide conformational rigidity and bio-availability. Here we describe the …             The Relationship Between Cortical Inhibition and Electroconvulsive Therapy in the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder ▶     Daphne Voineskos, Andrea J. Levinson, Yinming Sun et al.     Dysfunctional cortical inhibition (CI) is postulated as a key neurophysiological mechanism in major depressive disorder. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is the treatment of …             Comparison of non-Gaussian and Gaussian diffusion models of diffusion weighted imaging of rectal cancer at 3.0 T MRI ▶     Guangwen Zhang, Shuangshuang Wang, Didi Wen et al.     Water molecular diffusion in vivo tissue is much more complicated. We aimed to compare non-Gaussian diffusion models of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) including intra-voxel …             Solving the second-order free rider problem in a public goods game: An experiment using a leader support system ▶     Hiroki Ozono, Nobuhito Jin, Motoki Watabe et al.     Punishment of non-cooperators—free riders—can lead to high cooperation in public goods games (PGG). However, second-order free riders, who do not pay punishment costs, reduce the …             Functional human induced hepatocytes (hiHeps) with bile acid synthesis and transport capacities: A novel in vitro cholestatic model ▶     Xuan Ni, Yimeng Gao, Zhitao Wu et al.     Drug-induced cholestasis is a leading cause of drug withdrawal. However, the use of primary human hepatocytes (PHHs), the gold standard for predicting cholestasis in vitro, is …             STRAP Acts as a Scaffolding Protein in Controlling the TLR2/4 Signaling Pathway ▶     Hyunbin D. Huh, Eun A. Ra, Taeyun A. Lee et al.     The WD40-repeat protein serine/threonine kinase receptor-associated protein (STRAP) is involved in the regulation of several biological processes, including cell proliferation …             HOPX functions as a tumour suppressor in head and neck cancer ▶     Lee Fah Yap, Sook Ling Lai, Sathya Narayanan Patmanathan et al.     Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is generalized term that encompasses a diverse group of cancers that includes tumours of the oral cavity (OSCC), oropharynx (OPSCC) …             Overexpression of Glucocorticoid-induced Leucine Zipper (GILZ) increases susceptibility to Imiquimod-induced psoriasis and involves cutaneous activation of TGF-β1 ▶     Elena Carceller, Marlies Ballegeer, Julie Deckers et al.     Psoriasis vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory skin disease affecting millions of people. Its pathophysiology is complex and involves a skin compartment with epidermal and immune …             Co-delivery of docetaxel and palmitoyl ascorbate by liposome for enhanced synergistic antitumor efficacy ▶     Junxiu Li, Chaorui Guo, Fan Feng et al.     Palmitoyl ascorbate (PA) as an antioxidant has the potential for the treatment of cancer. In the present study, a nanocarrier system was developed for co-delivery of docetaxel …             Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria differ in their sensitivity to cold plasma ▶     Anne Mai-Prochnow, Maryse Clauson, Jungmi Hong et al.     Cold atmospheric-pressure plasma (CAP) is a relatively new method being investigated for antimicrobial activity. However, the exact mode of action is still being explored. Here …             Accelerated craniofacial bone regeneration through dense collagen gel scaffolds seeded with dental pulp stem cells ▶     Frédéric Chamieh, Anne-Margaux Collignon, Benjamin R. Coyac et al.     Therapies using mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) seeded scaffolds may be applicable to various fields of regenerative medicine, including craniomaxillofacial surgery. Plastic …             Experimental evidence for chemical mate guarding in a moth ▶     Seyed Ali Hosseini, Michiel van Wijk, Gao Ke et al.     In polyandrous species, males seek to maximize their reproductive output by monopolizing their mate. Often the male transfers substances to the female that suppress her sexual …             Thyroid hormone suppresses expression of stathmin and associated tumor growth in hepatocellular carcinoma ▶     Yi-Hsin Tseng, Ya-Hui Huang, Tzu-Kang Lin et al.     Stathmin (STMN1), a recognized oncoprotein upregulated in various solid tumors, promotes microtubule disassembly and modulates tumor growth and migration activity. However, the …             Set anode potentials affect the electron fluxes and microbial community structure in propionate-fed microbial electrolysis cells ▶     Ananda Rao Hari, Krishna P. Katuri, Bruce E. Logan et al.     Anode potential has been shown to be a critical factor in the rate of acetate removal in microbial electrolysis cells (MECs), but studies with fermentable substrates and set …             High-throughput compound evaluation on 3D networks of neurons and glia in a microfluidic platform ▶     Nienke R. Wevers, Remko van Vught, Karlijn J. Wilschut et al.     With great advances in the field of in vitro brain modelling, the challenge is now to implement these technologies for development and evaluation of new drug candidates. Here we …             Spatiotemporal processing of somatosensory stimuli in schizotypy ▶     Francesca Ferri, Ettore Ambrosini, Marcello Costantini     Unusual interaction behaviors and perceptual aberrations, like those occurring in schizotypy and schizophrenia, may in part originate from impaired remapping of environmental …             A Predictive Model for Toxicity Effects Assessment of Biotransformed Hepatic Drugs Using Iterative Sampling Method ▶     Alaa Tharwat, Yasmine S. Moemen, Aboul Ella Hassanien     Measuring toxicity is one of the main steps in drug development. Hence, there is a high demand for computational models to predict the toxicity effects of the potential drugs. In …             Effect of arginine on oligomerization and stability of N-acetylglutamate synthase ▶     N. Haskins, A. Mumo, P. H. Brown et al.     N-acetylglutamate synthase (NAGS; E.C.2.3.1.1) catalyzes the formation of N-acetylglutamate (NAG) from acetyl coenzyme A and glutamate. In microorganisms and plants, NAG is the …             Aldosterone induces rapid sodium intake by a nongenomic mechanism in the nucleus tractus solitarius ▶     Hu Qiao, Bo Hu, Hong Zhou et al.     The purpose of this study was to determine whether aldosterone has a rapid action in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) that increases sodium intake, and to examine whether …             Corrigendum: The bacterial toxin CNF1 as a tool to induce retinal degeneration reminiscent of retinitis pigmentosa ▶     Viviana Guadagni, Chiara Cerri, Ilaria Piano et al.                 Erratum: Charge density waves in disordered media circumventing the Imry-Ma argument ▶     Hitesh J. Changlani, Norm M. Tubman, Taylor L. Hughes                 Corrigendum: Modulation of expression of genes involved in glycosaminoglycan metabolism and lysosome biogenesis by flavonoids ▶     Marta Moskot, Joanna Jakóbkiewicz-Banecka, Anna Kloska et al.                 Contributions of rational soil tillage to compaction stress in main peanut producing areas of China ▶     Pu Shen, Zhengfeng Wu, Chunxiao Wang et al.     Tillage intensities largely affect soil compaction dynamics in agro-ecosystems. However, the contribution of tillage intensities on compaction changes in underground peanut (…             The mechanism of a formaldehyde-sensing transcriptional regulator ▶     Katie J. Denby, Jeffrey Iwig, Claudine Bisson et al.     Most organisms are exposed to the genotoxic chemical formaldehyde, either from endogenous or environmental sources. Therefore, biology has evolved systems to perceive and …             Towards peptide vaccines against Zika virus: Immunoinformatics combined with molecular dynamics simulations to predict antigenic epitopes of Zika viral proteins ▶     Muhammad Usman Mirza, Shazia Rafique, Amjad Ali et al.     The recent outbreak of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in Brazil has developed to a global health concern due to its likely association with birth defects (primary microcephaly) and …             Targeting ASC in NLRP3 inflammasome by caffeic acid phenethyl ester: a novel strategy to treat acute gout ▶     Hye Eun Lee, Gabsik Yang, Nam Doo Kim et al.     Gouty arthritis is caused by the deposition of uric acid crystals, which induce the activation of NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3(NLRP3) inflammasome. The …             Defective Acetylcholine Receptor Subunit Switch Precedes Atrophy of Slow-Twitch Skeletal Muscle Fibers Lacking ERK1/2 Kinases in Soleus Muscle ▶     Shuo Wang, Bonnie Seaberg, Ximena Paez-Colasante et al.     To test the role of extracellular-signal regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) in slow-twitch, type 1 skeletal muscle fibers, we studied the soleus muscle in mice genetically …             BIX01294, an inhibitor of histone methyltransferase, induces autophagy-dependent differentiation of glioma stem-like cells ▶     Iwona Anna Ciechomska, Piotr Przanowski, Judyta Jackl et al.     Glioblastoma (GBM) contains rare glioma stem-like cells (GSCs) with capacities of self-renewal, multi-lineage differentiation, and resistance to conventional therapy. …             Genome maintenance and bioenergetics of the long-lived hypoxia-tolerant and cancer-resistant blind mole rat, Spalax: a cross-species analysis of brain transcriptome ▶     Assaf Malik, Vered Domankevich, Han Lijuan et al.     The subterranean blind mole rat, Spalax, experiences acute hypoxia-reoxygenation cycles in its natural subterranean habitat. At the cellular level, these conditions are known to …             Chickpea transcription factor CaTLP1 interacts with protein kinases, modulates ROS accumulation and promotes ABA-mediated stomatal closure ▶     Vijay Wardhan, Aarti Pandey, Subhra Chakraborty et al.     Tubby and Tubby-like proteins (TLPs), in mammals, play critical roles in neural development, while its function in plants is largely unknown. We previously demonstrated that the …             Acid-sensing ion channels are expressed in the ventrolateral medulla and contribute to central chemoreception ▶     Nana Song, Ruijuan Guan, Qian Jiang et al.     The role of acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) in the ventrolateral medulla (VLM) remains uncertain. Here, we found that ASIC1a and ASIC2 are widely expressed in rat medulla, and …             Quantitative HDL Proteomics Identifies Peroxiredoxin-6 as a Biomarker of Human Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ▶     Elena Burillo, Inmaculada Jorge, Diego Martínez-López et al.     High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are complex protein and lipid assemblies whose composition is known to change in diverse pathological situations. Analysis of the HDL proteome …             Structural Analysis of Glycine Sarcosine N-methyltransferase from Methanohalophilus portucalensis Reveals Mechanistic Insights into the Regulation of Methyltransferase Activity ▶     Yi-Ru Lee, Te-Sheng Lin, Shu-Jung Lai et al.     Methyltransferases play crucial roles in many cellular processes, and various regulatory mechanisms have evolved to control their activities. For methyltransferases involved in …             Accurate Quantitative Sensing of Intracellular pH based on Self-ratiometric Upconversion Luminescent Nanoprobe ▶     Cuixia Li, Jing Zuo, Li Zhang et al.     Accurate quantitation of intracellular pH (pHi) is of great importance in revealing the cellular activities and early warning of diseases. A series of fluorescence-based …             Stable C & N isotopes in 2100 Year-B.P. human bone collagen indicate rare dietary dominance of C4 plants in NE-Italy ▶     Zita Laffranchi, Antonio Delgado Huertas, Sylvia A. Jiménez Brobeil et al.     C4 plants (e.g. maize, millet), part of our current diet, are only endemic of reduced areas in South-Europe due to their need of warm climates. Since the first vestiges of …             Changes in hippocampal AMPA receptors and cognitive impairments in chronic ketamine addiction models: another understanding of ketamine CNS toxicity ▶     Runtao Ding, Yanning Li, Ao Du et al.     Ketamine has been reported to impair human cognitive function as a recreational drug of abuse. However, chronic effects of ketamine on central nervous system need to be further …             TREM-2 promotes acquired cholesteatoma-induced bone destruction by modulating TLR4 signaling pathway and osteoclasts activation ▶     Huaili Jiang, Yu Si, Zhuohao Li et al.     Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM) has been broadly studied in inflammatory disease. However, the expression and function of TREM-2 remain undiscovered in …             Urban-development-induced Changes in the Diversity and Composition of the Soil Bacterial Community in Beijing ▶     Bing Yan, Junsheng Li, Nengwen Xiao et al.     Numerous studies have implicated urbanization as a major cause of loss of biodiversity. Most of them have focused on plants and animals, even though soil microorganisms make up a …             The defining DNA methylation signature of Floating-Harbor Syndrome ▶     Rebecca L. Hood, Laila C. Schenkel, Sarah M. Nikkel et al.     Floating-Harbor syndrome (FHS) is an autosomal dominant genetic condition characterized by short stature, delayed osseous maturation, expressive language impairment, and unique …             Effect of Kelp Waste Extracts on the Growth and Development of Pakchoi (Brassica chinensis L.) ▶     Shiyan Zheng, Jie Jiang, Meilin He et al.     To explore the effects of kelp waste extracts (KWE) on the growth and development of Brassia chinensis L., germination and greenhouse experiments were carried out under different …             Extreme Activity of Drug Nanocrystals Coated with A Layer of Non-Covalent Polymers from Self-Assembled Boric Acid ▶     Honglei Zhan, Jun F. Liang     Non-covalent polymers have remarkable advantages over synthetic polymers for wide biomedical applications. In this study, non-covalent polymers from self-assembled boric acid …             Polymer translocation through nano-pores in vibrating thin membranes ▶     Timothée Menais, Stefano Mossa, Arnaud Buhot     Polymer translocation is a promising strategy for the next-generation DNA sequencing technologies. The use of biological and synthetic nano-pores, however, still suffers from …             Modulation of thermal noise and spectral sensitivity in Lake Baikal cottoid fish rhodopsins ▶     Hoi Ling Luk, Nihar Bhattacharyya, Fabio Montisci et al.     Lake Baikal is the deepest and one of the most ancient lakes in the world. Its unique ecology has resulted in the colonization of a diversity of depth habitats by a unique fauna …             Extensive genetic diversity of Rickettsiales bacteria in multiple mosquito species ▶     Wen-Ping Guo, Jun-Hua Tian, Xian-Dan Lin et al.     Rickettsiales are important zoonotic pathogens, causing severe disease in humans globally. Although mosquitoes are an important vector for diverse pathogens, with the exception …             Structural and fluctuational difference between two ends of Aβ amyloid fibril: MD simulations predict only one end has open conformations ▶     Hisashi Okumura, Satoru G. Itoh     Aβ amyloid fibrils, which are related to Alzheimer’s disease, have a cross-β structure consisting of two β-sheets: β1 and β2. The Aβ peptides are thought to be serially arranged …             Cognitions about bodily purity attenuate stress perception ▶     Kai Kaspar, Sarah Cames     Based on the assumption that physical purity is associated with a clean slate impression, we examined how cognitions about bodily cleanliness modulate stress perception. …             Effects of dose reduction on bone strength prediction using finite element analysis ▶     D. Anitha, Karupppasamy Subburaj, Kai Mei et al.     This study aimed to evaluate the effect of dose reduction, by means of tube exposure reduction, on bone strength prediction from finite-element (FE) analysis. Fresh thoracic …             Use of polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine solution for sterilisation and preservation improves mechanical properties and osteogenesis of allografts ▶     Yantao Zhao, Xiantong Hu, Zhonghai Li et al.     Allografts eliminate the disadvantages associated with autografts and synthetic scaffolds but are associated with a disease-transmission risk. Therefore, allograft sterilisation …             Rapid, Affordable and Portable Medium-Throughput Molecular Device for Zika Virus ▶     Kamfai Chan, Scott C. Weaver, Pui-Yan Wong et al.     Zika virus (ZIKV) has gained global attention as an etiologic agent of fetal microcephaly and Guillain-Barré syndrome. Existing immuno-based rapid tests often fail to distinguish …             Foxa1 is essential for development and functional integrity of the subthalamic nucleus ▶     Emanuel Gasser, Helge C. Johannssen, Thomas Rülicke et al.     Inactivation of transcription factor Foxa1 in mice results in neonatal mortality of unknown cause. Here, we report that ablation of Foxa1 causes impaired development and loss of …             Timosaponin AIII induces antiplatelet and antithrombotic activity via Gq-mediated signaling by the thromboxane A2 receptor ▶     Yue Cong, Limei Wang, Renjun Peng et al.     The thromboxane (Tx) A2 pathway is a major contributor to the amplification of initial platelet activation and is therefore a key drug target. To identify potent small-molecule …             Biological marks of early-life socioeconomic experience is detected in the adult inflammatory transcriptome ▶     Raphaële Castagné, Michelle Kelly-Irving, Gianluca Campanella et al.     Consistent evidence is accumulating to link lower socioeconomic position (SEP) and poorer health, and the inflammatory system stands out as a potential pathway through which …             Role and mechanism of the AMPK pathway in waterborne Zn exposure influencing the hepatic energy metabolism of Synechogobius hasta ▶     Kun Wu, Chao Huang, Xi Shi et al.     Previous studies have investigated the physiological responses in the liver of Synechogobius hasta exposed to waterborne zinc (Zn). However, at present, very little is known …             Corrigendum: Identification of a 5-Methylcytosine Site that may Regulate C/EBPβ Binding and Determine Tissue-Specific Expression of the BPI Gene in Piglets ▶     Li Sun, Jing Wang, Xuemei Yin et al.                 Oxytocin improves synchronisation in leader-follower interaction ▶     L. Gebauer, M. A. G. Witek, N. C. Hansen et al.     The neuropeptide oxytocin has been shown to affect social interaction. Meanwhile, the underlying mechanism remains highly debated. Using an interpersonal finger-tapping paradigm, …             GSK-3β controls NF-kappaB activity via IKKγ/NEMO ▶     Senad Medunjanin, Lisa Schleithoff, Christian Fiegehenn et al.     The NF-κB signaling pathway is central for the innate immune response and its deregulation is found in multiple disorders such as autoimmune, chronic inflammatory and metabolic …             Caveolin-1 is an aggresome-inducing protein ▶     Ajit Tiwari, Courtney A. Copeland, Bing Han et al.     Caveolin-1 (Cav1) drives the formation of flask-shaped membrane invaginations known as caveolae that participate in signaling, clathrin-independent endocytosis and …             Microneedles with Controlled Bubble Sizes and Drug Distributions for Efficient Transdermal Drug Delivery ▶     Qi Lei Wang, Dan Dan Zhu, Xu Bo Liu et al.     Drug loaded dissolving microneedles (DMNs) fabricated with water soluble polymers have received increasing attentions as a safe and efficient transdermal drug delivery system. Us…             Glacial refugia and the prediction of future habitat coverage of the South American lichen species Ochrolechia austroamericana ▶     Martin Kukwa, Marta Kolanowska     The biogeographic history of lichenized fungi remains unrevealed because those organisms rarely fossilize due to their delicate, often tiny and quickly rotting thalli. Also the …             Intermolecular Interactions in the TMEM16A Dimer Controlling Channel Activity ▶     Paolo Scudieri, Ilaria Musante, Ambra Gianotti et al.     TMEM16A and TMEM16B are plasma membrane proteins with Ca2+-dependent Cl− channel function. By replacing the carboxy-terminus of TMEM16A with the equivalent region of TMEM16B, we …             Long-latency modulation of motor cortex excitability by ipsilateral posterior inferior frontal gyrus and pre-supplementary motor area ▶     Francesca Fiori, Emilio Chiappini, Marco Soriano et al.     The primary motor cortex (M1) is strongly influenced by several frontal regions. Dual-site transcranial magnetic stimulation (dsTMS) has highlighted the timing of early (<40 ms) …             STAT1 is essential for the inhibition of hepatitis C virus replication by interferon-λ but not by interferon-α ▶     Shota Yamauchi, Kenji Takeuchi, Kazuyasu Chihara et al.     Interferon-α (IFN-α) and IFN-λ are structurally distinct cytokines that bind to different receptors, but induce expression of similar sets of genes through Janus kinase …             Exosomal microRNA miR-1246 induces cell motility and invasion through the regulation of DENND2D in oral squamous cell carcinoma ▶     Sujata Sakha, Tomoki Muramatsu, Koji Ueda et al.     Metastasis is associated with poor prognosis in cancers. Exosomes, which are packed with RNA and proteins and are released in all biological fluids, are emerging as an important …             The sphingolipid biosynthetic enzyme Sphingolipid delta8 desaturase is important for chilling resistance of tomato ▶     Ying Zhou, Lanting Zeng, Xiumin Fu et al.     The physiological functions of sphingolipids in animals have been intensively studied, while less attention has been paid to their roles in plants. Here, we reveal the …             Salt tolerance during germination and seedling growth of wild wheat Aegilops tauschii and its impact on the species range expansion ▶     Daisuke Saisho, Shigeo Takumi, Yoshihiro Matsuoka     Adaptation to edaphic stress may have a key role in plant species range expansion. Aegilops tauschii Coss., the common wheat’s D-genome progenitor native to the …             Peptidylarginine deiminase 1-catalyzed histone citrullination is essential for early embryo development ▶     Xiaoqian Zhang, Xiaoqiu Liu, Mei Zhang et al.     Peptidylarginine deiminase (PADI) enzymes are increasingly being associated with the regulation of chromatin structure and gene activity via histone citrullination. As one of the …             RNAi-mediated mortality of the whitefly through transgenic expression of double-stranded RNA homologous to acetylcholinesterase and ecdysone receptor in tobacco plants ▶     Hassan Jamil Malik, Amir Raza, Imran Amin et al.     The whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) is a pest and vector of plant viruses to crop and ornamental plants worldwide. Using RNA interference (RNAi) to down regulate whitefly genes …             Identification of a CD133−CD55− population functions as a fetal common skeletal progenitor ▶     Lihong Weng, Xingbin Hu, Bijender Kumar et al.     In this study, we identified a CD105+CD90.1−CD133−CD55− (CD133−CD55−) population in the fetal skeletal element that can generate bone and bone marrow. Besides osteoblasts and …             Methionine sulfoxides in serum proteins as potential clinical biomarkers of oxidative stress ▶     Satoko Suzuki, Yoshio Kodera, Tatsuya Saito et al.     Oxidative stress contributes to the pathophysiology of a variety of diseases, and circulating biomarkers of its severity remains a topic of great interest for researchers. Our …             In Silico identification of SNP diversity in cultivated and wild tomato species: insight from molecular simulations ▶     Archana Bhardwaj, Yogeshwar Vikram Dhar, Mehar Hasan Asif et al.     Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs), an important source of genetic variations, are often used in crop improvement programme. The present study represented comprehensive In …             TGF-β regulates phosphorylation and stabilization of Sox9 protein in chondrocytes through p38 and Smad dependent mechanisms ▶     George Coricor, Rosa Serra     Members of the TGF-β superfamily are important regulators of chondrocyte function. Sox9, a key transcriptional regulator of chondrogenesis, is required for TGF-β-mediated …             Aphids transform and detoxify the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol via a type II biotransformation mechanism yet unknown in animals ▶     N. De Zutter, K. Audenaert, N. Arroyo-Manzanares et al.     Biotransformation of mycotoxins in animals comprises phase I and phase II metabolisation reactions. For the trichothecene deoxynivalenol (DON), several phase II biotransformation …             Probing the role of cation-π interaction in the thermotolerance and catalytic performance of endo-polygalacturonases ▶     Tao Tu, Yeqing Li, Xiaoyun Su et al.     Understanding the dynamics of the key pectinase, polygalacturonase, and improving its thermotolerance and catalytic efficiency are of importance for the cost-competitive …             Plant-based foods containing cell wall polysaccharides rich in specific active monosaccharides protect against myocardial injury in rat myocardial infarction models ▶     Sun Ha Lim, Yaesil Kim, Ki Na Yun et al.     Many cohort studies have shown that consumption of diets containing a higher composition of foods derived from plants reduces mortality from coronary heart disease (CHD). Here, …             Genetic diversity and population structure in Bactrocera correcta (Diptera: Tephritidae) inferred from mtDNA cox1 and microsatellite markers ▶     Yu-Jia Qin, Nopparat Buahom, Matthew N. Krosch et al.     Bactrocera correcta is one of the most destructive pests of horticultural crops in tropical and subtropical regions. Despite the economic risk, the population genetics of this …             First complete mitochondrial genome data from ancient South American camelids - The mystery of the chilihueques from Isla Mocha (Chile) ▶     Michael Westbury, Stefan Prost, Andrea Seelenfreund et al.     In South American societies, domesticated camelids were of great cultural importance and subject to trade and translocation. South American camelids were even found on remote and …             Concordance between somatic copy number loss and down-regulated expression: A pan-cancer study of cancer predisposition genes ▶     Ran Wei, Ming Zhao, Chun-Hou Zheng et al.     Cancer predisposition genes (CPGs) are a class of cancer genes in which germline variants lead to increased risk of cancer. Research has revealed that copy number variation (CNV) …             Evolution of the NET (NocA, Nlz, Elbow, TLP-1) protein family in metazoans: insights from expression data and phylogenetic analysis ▶     Filipe Pereira, Sara Duarte-Pereira, Raquel M. Silva et al.     The NET (for NocA, Nlz, Elbow, TLP-1) protein family is a group of conserved zinc finger proteins linked to embryonic development and recently associated with breast cancer. The …             Relationship between Salivary Oxytocin Levels and Generosity in Preschoolers ▶     Takayuki Fujii, Joanna Schug, Kuniyuki Nishina et al.     This study examined the association between salivary oxytocin (sOT) levels and generosity in preschoolers. Fifty preschoolers played two dictator games (DG) by deciding how to …             The minimum area requirements (MAR) for giant panda: an empirical study ▶     Jing Qing, Zhisong Yang, Ke He et al.     Habitat fragmentation can reduce population viability, especially for area-sensitive species. The Minimum Area Requirements (MAR) of a population is the area required for the …             Gut microbiota from metabolic disease-resistant, macrophage-specific RIP140 knockdown mice improves metabolic phenotype and gastrointestinal integrity ▶     Yi-Wei Lin, Emmanuel Montassier, Dan Knights et al.     While fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) presents an attractive therapeutic strategy, it remains unclear how to choose the microbiota repertoire that most effectively …             EP-DNN: A Deep Neural Network-Based Global Enhancer Prediction Algorithm ▶     Seong Gon Kim, Mrudul Harwani, Ananth Grama et al.     We present EP-DNN, a protocol for predicting enhancers based on chromatin features, in different cell types. Specifically, we use a deep neural network (DNN)-based architecture …             Human adipose mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomal-miRNAs are critical factors for inducing anti-proliferation signalling to A2780 and SKOV-3 ovarian cancer cells ▶     Abu Musa Md Talimur Reza, Yun-Jung Choi, Hideyo Yasuda et al.     An enigmatic question exists concerning the pro- or anti-cancer status of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Despite growing interest, this question remains unanswered, and the …             Extraordinary behavioral entrainment following circadian rhythm bifurcation in mice ▶     Elizabeth M. Harrison, Thijs J. Walbeek, Jonathan Sun et al.     The mammalian circadian timing system uses light to synchronize endogenously generated rhythms with the environmental day. Entrainment to schedules that deviate significantly …             Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 metabolises the human milk oligosaccharides lacto-N-tetraose and lacto-N-neo-tetraose through overlapping, yet distinct pathways ▶     Kieran James, Mary O’Connell Motherway, Francesca Bottacini et al.     In this study, we demonstrate that the prototype B. breve strain UCC2003 possesses specific metabolic pathways for the utilisation of lacto-N-tetraose (LNT) and …             Effect of TREM-1 blockade and single nucleotide variants in experimental renal injury and kidney transplantation ▶     A. Tammaro, J. Kers, D. Emal et al.     Renal ischemia reperfusion (IR)-injury induces activation of innate immune response which sustains renal injury and contributes to the development of delayed graft function …             Early life vaccination: Generation of adult-quality memory CD8+ T cells in infant mice using non-replicating adenoviral vectors ▶     Loulieta Nazerai, Maria R. Bassi, Ida E. M. Uddback et al.     Intracellular pathogens represent a serious threat during early life. Importantly, even though the immune system of newborns may be characterized as developmentally immature, …             Th1 cells downregulate connexin 43 gap junctions in astrocytes via microglial activation ▶     Mitsuru Watanabe, Katsuhisa Masaki, Ryo Yamasaki et al.     We previously reported early and extensive loss of astrocytic connexin 43 (Cx43) in acute demyelinating lesions of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Because it is widely accepted …             Antimicrobial growth promoters modulate host responses in mice with a defined intestinal microbiota ▶     Kirsty Brown, Sarah J. M. Zaytsoff, Richard R. E. Uwiera et al.     Antibiotics can promote growth in livestock (antimicrobial growth promoters, AGPs), however lack of knowledge regarding mechanisms has hampered the development of effective …             Functional characterization of aconitase X as a cis-3-hydroxy-L-proline dehydratase ▶     Seiya Watanabe, Kunihiko Tajima, Satoshi Fujii et al.     In the aconitase superfamily, which includes the archetypical aconitase, homoaconitase, and isopropylmalate isomerase, only aconitase X is not functionally annotated. The …             From Function to Phenotype: Impaired DNA Binding and Clustering Correlates with Clinical Severity in Males with Missense Mutations in MECP2 ▶     Taimoor I. Sheikh, Juan Ausió, Hannah Faghfoury et al.     Mutations in the MECP2 gene cause Rett syndrome (RTT). MeCP2 binds to chromocentric DNA through its methyl CpG-binding domain (MBD) to regulate gene expression. In heterozygous …             An integrated genomic approach for the study of mandibular prognathism in the European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) ▶     Massimiliano Babbucci, Serena Ferraresso, Marianna Pauletto et al.     Skeletal anomalies in farmed fish are a relevant issue affecting animal welfare and health and causing significant economic losses. Here, a high-density genetic map of European …             Involvement of P2X7 receptor in neuronal degeneration triggered by traumatic injury ▶     Francisco M. Nadal-Nicolás, Caridad Galindo-Romero, Francisco J. Valiente-Soriano et al.     Axonal injury is a common feature of central nervous system insults that culminates with the death of the affected neurons, and an irreversible loss of function. Inflammation is …             Subchronic perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) exposure induces elevated mutant frequency in an in vivo λ transgenic medaka mutation assay ▶     Yuanhong Chen, Wei Hu, Changjiang Huang et al.     Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) has been widely detected in the environment, wildlife and humans, but few studies have ever examined its mutagenic effect in vivo. In the present …             Reduced expression of monocyte CD200R is associated with enhanced proinflammatory cytokine production in sarcoidosis ▶     Simon D. Fraser, Laura R. Sadofsky, Paul M. Kaye et al.     In sarcoidosis, the proinflammatory cytokines interferon gamma, tumour necrosis factor and interleukin-6 are released by monocyte-derived macrophages and lymphocytes in the lungs …             Single Molecular Demonstration of Modulating Charge Inversion of DNA ▶     Yanwei Wang, Ruxia Wang, Bozhi Cao et al.     Charge inversion of DNA is a counterintuitive phenomenon in which the effective charge of DNA switches its sign from negative to positive in the presence of multivalent …             The known genetic loci for telomere length may be involved in the modification of telomeres length after birth ▶     Qiao Weng, Jiangbo Du, Fei Yu et al.     Telomere length varies considerably among individuals. It is highly heritable and decreases with ageing or ageing related diseases. Recently, genome-wide association studies …             Inhibition of PKR protects against H2O2-induced injury on neonatal cardiac myocytes by attenuating apoptosis and inflammation ▶     Yongyi Wang, Min Men, Bo Xie et al.     Reactive oxygenation species (ROS) generated from reperfusion results in cardiac injury through apoptosis and inflammation, while PKR has the ability to promote apoptosis and …             Glymphatic solute transport does not require bulk flow ▶     Mahdi Asgari, Diane de Zélicourt, Vartan Kurtcuoglu     Observations of fast transport of fluorescent tracers in mouse brains have led to the hypothesis of bulk water flow directed from arterial to venous paravascular spaces (PVS) …             Silencing of the SlNAP7 gene influences plastid development and lycopene accumulation in tomato ▶     Da-Qi Fu, Lan-Huan Meng, Ben-Zhong Zhu et al.     Ripening is an important stage of fruit development. To screen the genes associated with pigment formation in tomato fruit, a suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) cDNA …             Acfs: accurate circRNA identification and quantification from RNA-Seq data ▶     Xintian You, Tim OF Conrad     Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a group of single-stranded RNAs in closed circular form. They are splicing-generated, widely expressed in various tissues and have functional …             Serum Amyloid A3 Gene Expression in Adipocytes is an Indicator of the Interaction with Macrophages ▶     Yohei Sanada, Takafumi Yamamoto, Rika Satake et al.     The infiltration of macrophages into adipose tissue and their interaction with adipocytes are essential for the chronic low-grade inflammation of obese adipose tissue. In this …             Lipid-modified G4-decoy oligonucleotide anchored to nanoparticles: delivery and bioactivity in pancreatic cancer cells ▶     S. Cogoi, U. Jakobsen, E. B. Pedersen et al.     KRAS is mutated in >90% of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas. As its inactivation leads to tumour regression, mutant KRAS is considered an attractive target for anticancer drugs. …             Differential stimulation of the retina with subretinally injected exogenous neurotransmitter: A biomimetic alternative to electrical stimulation ▶     Corey M. Rountree, Samsoon Inayat, John B. Troy et al.     Subretinal stimulation of the retina with neurotransmitters, the normal means of conveying visual information, is a potentially better alternative to electrical stimulation …             RNA sequencing of chorionic villi from recurrent pregnancy loss patients reveals impaired function of basic nuclear and cellular machinery ▶     Siim Sõber, Kristiina Rull, Mario Reiman et al.     Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) concerns ~3% of couples aiming at childbirth. In the current study, transcriptomes and miRNomes of 1st trimester placental chorionic villi were …             One-pot synthesis of class II lanthipeptide bovicin HJ50 via an engineered lanthipeptide synthetase ▶     Jian Wang, Xiaoxuan Ge, Li Zhang et al.     Lanthipeptides are a large class of bacteria-produced, ribosomally-synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides. They are recognized as peptide antibiotics because most …             Caffeine prevents kidney stone formation by translocation of apical surface annexin A1 crystal-binding protein into cytoplasm: In vitro evidence ▶     Paleerath Peerapen, Visith Thongboonkerd     Recent large 3 cohorts have shown that caffeinated beverage consumption was associated with lower risk of kidney stone disease. However, its protective mechanisms remained …             rpL3 promotes the apoptosis of p53 mutated lung cancer cells by down-regulating CBS and NFκB upon 5-FU treatment ▶     Annapina Russo, Assunta Saide, Roberta Cagliani et al.     5-F is a chemotherapy drug commonly used for the treatment of human cancers; however drug resistance represents a major challenge for its clinical application. In the present …             A Competitive Bio-Barcode Amplification Immunoassay for Small Molecules Based on Nanoparticles ▶     Pengfei Du, Maojun Jin, Ge Chen et al.     A novel detection method of small molecules, competitive bio-barcode amplification immunoassay, was developed and described in this report. Through the gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) …             Corrigendum: Recombination spot identification Based on gapped k-mers ▶     Rong Wang, Yong Xu, Bin Liu                 Spotted phenotypes in horses lost attractiveness in the Middle Ages ▶     Saskia Wutke, Norbert Benecke, Edson Sandoval-Castellanos et al.     Horses have been valued for their diversity of coat colour since prehistoric times; this is especially the case since their domestication in the Caspian steppe in ~3,500 BC. …             Individuation of objects and object parts rely on the same neuronal mechanism ▶     Marlene Poncet, Alfonso Caramazza, Veronica Mazza     Recent results have shown that participants can enumerate multiple parts of a single object as efficiently as multiple distinct objects, suggesting a shared mechanism for …             A central cavity within the holo-translocon suggests a mechanism for membrane protein insertion ▶     Mathieu Botte, Nathan R. Zaccai, Jelger Lycklama à. Nijeholt et al.     The conserved SecYEG protein-conducting channel and the accessory proteins SecDF-YajC and YidC constitute the bacterial holo-translocon (HTL), capable of protein-secretion and …             Progressive Muscle Cell Delivery as a Solution for Volumetric Muscle Defect Repair ▶     Ji Hyun Kim, In Kap Ko, Anthony Atala et al.     Reconstructing functional volumetric tissue in vivo following implantation remains a critical challenge facing cell-based approaches. Several pre-vascularization approaches have …             Genomic duplication and translocation of reactivation transactivator and bZIP-homolog genes is a conserved event in alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 ▶     Françoise Myster, Steven J. van Beurden, Océane Sorel et al.     Alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 (AlHV-1) is a gammaherpesvirus carried asymptomatically by wildebeest. Upon cross-species transmission, AlHV-1 induces malignant catarrhal fever (MCF), …             Virus altered rice attractiveness to planthoppers is mediated by volatiles and related to virus titre and expression of defence and volatile-biosynthesis genes ▶     Guanghua Lu, Tong Zhang, Yuange He et al.     Viruses may induce changes in plant hosts and vectors to enhance their transmission. The white-backed planthopper (WBPH) and brown planthopper (BPH) are vectors of Southern rice …             Next-generation systematics: An innovative approach to resolve the structure of complex prokaryotic taxa ▶     Vartul Sangal, Michael Goodfellow, Amanda L. Jones et al.     Prokaryotic systematics provides the fundamental framework for microbiological research but remains a discipline that relies on a labour- and time-intensive polyphasic taxonomic …             Metabolic Adaptation to Nutritional Stress in Human Colorectal Cancer ▶     Masaaki Miyo, Masamitsu Konno, Naohiro Nishida et al.     Tumor cells respond to their microenvironment, which can include hypoxia and malnutrition, and adapt their metabolism to survive and grow. Some oncogenes are associated with …             The metabolic flux regulation of Klebsiella pneumoniae based on quorum sensing system ▶     Shujing Sun, Haiyang Zhang, Shuyi Lu et al.     Quorum-sensing (QS) systems exist universally in bacteria to regulate multiple biological functions. Klebsiella pneumoniae, an industrially important bacterium that produces …             NMR studies on the interactions between yeast Vta1 and Did2 during the multivesicular bodies sorting pathway ▶     Jie Shen, Zhongzheng Yang, Jiaolong Wang et al.     As an AAA-ATPase, Vps4 is important for function of multivesicular bodies (MVB) sorting pathway, which involves in cellular phenomena ranging from receptor down-regulation to …             Genetic evidence for an East Asian origin of Chinese Muslim populations Dongxiang and Hui ▶     Hong-Bing Yao, Chuan-Chao Wang, Xiaolan Tao et al.     There is a long-going debate on the genetic origin of Chinese Muslim populations, such as Uygur, Dongxiang, and Hui. However, genetic information for those Muslim populations …             Impaired regenerative capacity and lower revertant fibre expansion in dystrophin-deficient mdx muscles on DBA/2 background ▶     Merryl Rodrigues, Yusuke Echigoya, Rika Maruyama et al.     Duchenne muscular dystrophy, one of the most common lethal genetic disorders, is caused by mutations in the DMD gene and a lack of dystrophin protein. In most DMD patients and …             Online flow cytometry reveals microbial dynamics influenced by concurrent natural and operational events in groundwater used for drinking water treatment ▶     Michael D. Besmer, Jannis Epting, Rebecca M. Page et al.     Detailed measurements of physical, chemical and biological dynamics in groundwater are key to understanding the important processes in place and their influence on water quality …             Iron chelators target both proliferating and quiescent cancer cells ▶     Mårten Fryknäs, Xiaonan Zhang, Ulf Bremberg et al.     Poorly vascularized areas of solid tumors contain quiescent cell populations that are resistant to cell cycle-active cancer drugs. The compound VLX600 was recently identified to …             Short day length-induced decrease of cesium uptake without altering potassium uptake manner in poplar ▶     Yusaku Noda, Jun Furukawa, Tsutomu Aohara et al.     Short day length-induced alteration of potassium (K) localization in perennial trees is believed to be a mechanism for surviving and adapting to severe winters. To investigate …             TGFβ2-induced outflow alterations in a bioengineered trabecular meshwork are offset by a rho-associated kinase inhibitor ▶     Karen Y. Torrejon, Ellen L. Papke, Justin R. Halman et al.     Members of the transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) cytokine family have long been associated with affecting several cellular functions, including cell proliferation, …             Global proteomic analysis of prenylated proteins in Plasmodium falciparum using an alkyne-modified isoprenoid analogue ▶     Kiall F. Suazo, Chad Schaber, Charuta C. Palsuledesai et al.     Severe malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum infection remains a serious threat to health worldwide and new therapeutic targets are highly desirable. Small molecule inhibitors of …             Insights into functional and evolutionary analysis of carbaryl metabolic pathway from Pseudomonas sp. strain C5pp ▶     Vikas D. Trivedi, Pramod Kumar Jangir, Rakesh Sharma et al.     Carbaryl (1-naphthyl N-methylcarbamate) is a most widely used carbamate pesticide in the agriculture field. Soil isolate, Pseudomonas sp. strain C5pp mineralizes carbaryl via …             Pleiotropic effects of acarbose on atherosclerosis development in rabbits are mediated via upregulating AMPK signals ▶     Kuei-Chuan Chan, Meng-Hsun Yu, Ming-Cheng Lin et al.     Acarbose, an α-glucosidase inhibitor, is reported to reduce the incidence of silent myocardial infarction and slow the progression of intima-media thickening in patients with …             Two genomic regions associated with fiber quality traits in Chinese upland cotton under apparent breeding selection ▶     Junji Su, Libei Li, Chaoyou Pang et al.     Fiber quality is one of the most important agronomic traits of cotton, and understanding the genetic basis of its target traits will accelerate improvements to cotton fiber …             Transcriptional Regulation of Notch1 Expression by Nkx6.1 in Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells during Ventral Spinal Cord Development ▶     Ying Li, Evangeline Tzatzalos, Kelvin Y. Kwan et al.     Notch1 signaling plays a critical role in maintaining and determining neural stem/progenitor cell (NSPC) fate, yet the transcriptional mechanism controlling Notch1 specific …             FOXA1, GATA3 and PPARɣ Cooperate to Drive Luminal Subtype in Bladder Cancer: A Molecular Analysis of Established Human Cell Lines ▶     Joshua I. Warrick, Vonn Walter, Hironobu Yamashita et al.     Discrete bladder cancer molecular subtypes exhibit differential clinical aggressiveness and therapeutic response, which may have significant implications for identifying novel …             Production of Phloroglucinol, a Platform Chemical, in Arabidopsis using a Bacterial Gene ▶     Salah E. Abdel-Ghany, Irene Day, Adam L. Heuberger et al.     Phloroglucinol (1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene; PG) and its derivatives are phenolic compounds that are used for various industrial applications. Current methods to synthesize PG are …             Transcriptomic characterization and curation of candidate neuropeptides regulating reproduction in the eyestalk ganglia of the Australian crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus ▶     Tuan Viet Nguyen, Scott F. Cummins, Abigail Elizur et al.     The Australian redclaw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) has recently received attention as an emerging candidate for sustainable aquaculture production in Australia and …             Genome-wide Analysis of Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase Gene Family and Their Response to Abiotic Stresses in Soybean ▶     Ning Wang, Xiujuan Zhong, Yahui Cong et al.     Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) plays an important role in assimilating atmospheric CO2 during C4 and crassulacean acid metabolism photosynthesis, and also participates in …             NADPH oxidase 4 deficiency increases tubular cell death during acute ischemic reperfusion injury ▶     Stellor Nlandu-Khodo, Romain Dissard, Udo Hasler et al.     NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) is highly expressed in kidney proximal tubular cells. NOX4 constitutively produces hydrogen peroxide, which may regulate important pro-survival pathways. …             Assessment of virulence potential of uncharacterized Enterococcus faecalis strains using pan genomic approach – Identification of pathogen–specific and habitat-specific genes ▶     Utpal Bakshi, Munmun Sarkar, Sandip Paul et al.     Enterococcus faecalis, a leading nosocomial pathogen and yet a prominent member of gut microbiome, lacks clear demarcation between pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains at genome …             Identification of protein structural elements responsible for the diversity of sequence preferences among Mini-III RNases ▶     Dawid Głów, Małgorzata Kurkowska, Justyna Czarnecka et al.     Many known endoribonucleases select their substrates based on the presence of one or a few specific nucleotides at or near the cleavage site. In some cases, selectivity is also …             Senescence: novel insight into DLX3 mutations leading to enhanced bone formation in Tricho-Dento-Osseous syndrome ▶     Na Zhao, Dong Han, Haochen Liu et al.     The homeodomain transcription factor distal-less homeobox 3 gene (DLX3) is required for hair, tooth and skeletal development. DLX3 mutations have been found to be responsible for …             Gsy, a novel glucansucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides, mediates the formation of cell aggregates in response to oxidative stress ▶     Minghui Yan, Jin Han, Xiaofen Xu et al.     Leuconostoc mesenteroides is a member of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with wide applications in the food and medical industries. Species in the genus Leuconostoc are …             Impaired receptivity and decidualization in DHEA-induced PCOS mice ▶     Shu-Yun Li, Zhuo Song, Min-Jie Song et al.     Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a complex endocrine disorder, is a leading cause of female infertility. An obvious reason for infertility in PCOS women is anovulation. However, …             Endogenous testosterone is associated with lower amygdala reactivity to angry faces and reduced aggressive behavior in healthy young women ▶     Macià Buades-Rotger, Christin Engelke, Frederike Beyer et al.     Testosterone and cortisol have been proposed to influence aggressive behavior by altering the neural processing of facial threat signals. However, this has not been investigated …             The secretome of periodontal ligament stem cells from MS patients protects against EAE ▶     Thangavelu Soundara Rajan, Sabrina Giacoppo, Francesca Diomede et al.     Manipulation of stem cells or stem cells-derived secretome has emerged as a novel alternative therapeutic option for multiple sclerosis (MS). Here we show that human periodontal …             Size Specific Transfection to Mammalian Cells by Micropillar Array Electroporation ▶     Yingbo Zu, Shuyan Huang, Yang Lu et al.     Electroporation serves as a promising non-viral gene delivery approach, while its current configuration carries several drawbacks associated with high-voltage electrical pulses …             Diverse specificity of cellulosome attachment to the bacterial cell surface ▶     Joana L. A. Brás, Benedita A. Pinheiro, Kate Cameron et al.     During the course of evolution, the cellulosome, one of Nature’s most intricate multi-enzyme complexes, has been continuously fine-tuned to efficiently deconstruct recalcitrant …             PD-1/PD-L pathway inhibits M.tb-specific CD4+ T-cell functions and phagocytosis of macrophages in active tuberculosis ▶     Lei Shen, Yan Gao, Yuanyuan Liu et al.     The role of the PD-1/PD-L pathway in a murine model of tuberculosis remains controversial regarding viral infections and clinical tuberculosis. We conducted a case-control study …             Structure and dynamics of a constitutively active neurotensin receptor ▶     Brian E. Krumm, Sangbae Lee, Supriyo Bhattacharya et al.     Many G protein-coupled receptors show constitutive activity, resulting in the production of a second messenger in the absence of an agonist; and naturally occurring …             Development of novel noninvasive prenatal testing protocol for whole autosomal recessive disease using picodroplet digital PCR ▶     Mun Young Chang, Ah Reum Kim, Min Young Kim et al.     We developed a protocol of noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT), employing a higher-resolution picodroplet digital PCR, to detect genetic imbalance in maternal plasma DNA (mpDNA) …             Activation induced deaminase mutational signature overlaps with CpG methylation sites in follicular lymphoma and other cancers ▶     Igor B. Rogozin, Artem G. Lada, Alexander Goncearenco et al.     Follicular lymphoma (FL) is an uncurable cancer characterized by progressive severity of relapses. We analyzed sequence context specificity of mutations in the B cells from a …             Biological response of zebrafish embryos after short-term exposure to thifluzamide ▶     Yang Yang, Wenxian Liu, Xiyan Mu et al.     Thifluzamide is a new amide fungicide, and its extensive application may have toxic effects on zebrafish. To better understand the underlying mechanism, we investigated in detail …             Effects of Liposomes Charge on Extending Sciatic Nerve Blockade of N-ethyl Bromide of Lidocaine in Rats ▶     Qinqin Yin, Bowen Ke, Xiaobing Chen et al.     N-methyl bromide of lidocaine (QX-314) is a potential local anaesthetic with compromised penetration through cell membranes due to its obligated positive charge. Liposomes have …             In Silico before In Vivo: how to Predict the Heating Efficiency of Magnetic Nanoparticles within the Intracellular Space ▶     Beatriz Sanz, M. Pilar Calatayud, Emilio De Biasi et al.     This work aims to demonstrate the need for in silico design via numerical simulation to produce optimal Fe3O4-based magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) for magnetic hyperthermia by …             Cell studies of hybridized carbon nanofibers containing bioactive glass nanoparticles using bone mesenchymal stromal cells ▶     Xiu-Rui Zhang, Xiao-Qing Hu, Xiao-Long Jia et al.     Bone regeneration required suitable scaffolding materials to support the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone-related cells. In this study, a kind of hybridized …             High Temperature Extends the Range of Size Discrimination of Nonionic Polymers by a Biological Nanopore ▶     Fabien Piguet, Hadjer Ouldali, Françoise Discala et al.     We explore the effect of temperature on the interaction of polydisperse mixtures of nonionic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) polymers of different average molar masses with the …             Cardiac Specific Overexpression of Mitochondrial Omi/HtrA2 Induces Myocardial Apoptosis and Cardiac Dysfunction ▶     Ke Wang, Yuexing Yuan, Xin Liu et al.     Myocardial apoptosis is a significant problem underlying ischemic heart disease. We previously reported significantly elevated expression of cytoplasmic Omi/HtrA2, triggers …             A late Paleocene probable metatherian (?deltatheroidan) survivor of the Cretaceous mass extinction ▶     Xijun Ni, Qiang Li, Thomas A. Stidham et al.     Deltatheroidans are primitive metatherian mammals (relatives of marsupials), previously thought to have become extinct during the Cretaceous mass extinction. Here, we report a …             Replicatively senescent human fibroblasts reveal a distinct intracellular metabolic profile with alterations in NAD+ and nicotinamide metabolism ▶     Emma L. James, James A. E. Lane, Ryan D. Michalek et al.     Cellular senescence occurs by proliferative exhaustion (PEsen) or following multiple cellular stresses but had not previously been subject to detailed metabolomic analysis. …             Platform construction and extraction mechanism study of magnetic mixed hemimicelles solid-phase extraction ▶     Deli Xiao, Chan Zhang, Jia He et al.     Simple, accurate and high-throughput pretreatment method would facilitate large-scale studies of trace analysis in complex samples. Magnetic mixed hemimicelles solid-phase …             Longitudinal study of pesticide residue levels in human milk from Western Australia during 12 months of lactation: Exposure assessment for infants ▶     Jian Du, Zoya Gridneva, Melvin C. L. Gay et al.     The presence of pesticides in human milk (HM) is of great concern due to the potential health effects for the breastfed infant. To determine the relationships between HM …             Edge enhancement improves disruptive camouflage by emphasising false edges and creating pictorial relief ▶     John Egan, Rebecca J. Sharman, Kenneth C. Scott-Brown et al.     Disruptive colouration is a visual camouflage composed of false edges and boundaries. Many disruptively camouflaged animals feature enhanced edges; light patches are surrounded …             Mining, visualizing and comparing multidimensional biomolecular data using the Genomics Data Miner (GMine) Web-Server ▶     Carla Proietti, Martha Zakrzewski, Thomas S. Watkins et al.     Genomics Data Miner (GMine) is a user-friendly online software that allows non-experts to mine, cluster and compare multidimensional biomolecular datasets. Various powerful …             Mast cell phenotype, TNFα expression and degranulation status in non-small cell lung cancer ▶     A. Shikotra, C. M. Ohri, R. H. Green et al.     Mast cell infiltration of tumour islets represents a survival advantage in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The phenotype and activation status of these mast cells is unknown. …             Photoelectrochemical detection of alpha-fetoprotein based on ZnO inverse opals structure electrodes modified by Ag2S nanoparticles ▶     Yandong Jiang, Dali Liu, Yudan Yang et al.     In this work, a new photoelectrochemical biosensor based on Ag2S nanoparticles (NPs) modified macroporous ZnO inverse opals structure (IOs) was developed for sensitive and rapid …             Social determinants of eyeblinks in adult male macaques ▶     Sébastien Ballesta, Clayton P. Mosher, Jeno Szep et al.     Videos with rich social and emotional content elicit natural social behaviors in primates. Indeed, while watching videos of conspecifics, monkeys engage in eye contact, gaze …             Different responses of alpine plants to nitrogen addition: effects on plant-plant interactions ▶     Jun Wang, Peng Luo, Hao Yang et al.     The different responses of plant species to resource stress are keys to understand the dynamics of plant community in a changing environment. To test the hypothesis that nitrogen …             Emotion Dysregulation of Women with Premenstrual Syndrome ▶     Mengying Wu, Ying Liang, Qingguo Wang et al.     The aim of the current study was to test whether women with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) had difficulties in emotion regulation. In Study 1, we investigated the relationship …             Identification of critical paralog groups with indispensable roles in the regulation of signaling flow ▶     Dezso Modos, Johanne Brooks, David Fazekas et al.     Extensive cross-talk between signaling pathways is required to integrate the myriad of extracellular signal combinations at the cellular level. Gene duplication events may lead …             Identification and Structural Characterization of the N-terminal Amyloid Core of Orb2 isoform A ▶     Silvia A. Cervantes, Thalia H. Bajakian, Maria A. Soria et al.     Orb2 is a functional amyloid that plays a key role in Drosophila long-term memory formation. Orb2 has two isoforms that differ in their N-termini. The N-terminus of the A isoform …             Identification and functional analysis of long intergenic noncoding RNA genes in porcine pre-implantation embryonic development ▶     Jingyu Li, Zhengling Gao, Xingyu Wang et al.     Genome-wide transcriptome studies have identified thousands of long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs), some of which play important roles in pre-implantation embryonic …             Regulation of human cardiac potassium channels by full-length KCNE3 and KCNE4 ▶     Geoffrey W. Abbott     Voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels comprise pore-forming α subunits and a multiplicity of regulatory proteins, including the cardiac-expressed and cardiac arrhythmia-linked …             An increased duplication of ZRS region that caused more than one supernumerary digits preaxial polydactyly in a large Chinese family ▶     Bin Wang, Yutao Diao, Qiji Liu et al.     Preaxial polydactyly (PPD) is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion and characterized by the presence of one or more supernumerary digits on the thumb side. It had been …             Proteomic profiling reveals that collismycin A is an iron chelator ▶     Makoto Kawatani, Makoto Muroi, Akira Wada et al.     Collismycin A (CMA), a microbial product, has anti-proliferative activity against cancer cells, but the mechanism of its action remains unknown. Here, we report the …             Chemically induced oxidative stress affects ASH neuronal function and behavior in C. elegans ▶     Eleni Gourgou, Nikos Chronis     Oxidative stress (OS) impact on a single neuron’s function in vivo remains obscure. Using C. elegans as a model organism, we report the effect of paraquat (PQ)-induced OS on wild …             A carotenogenic mini-pathway introduced into white corn does not affect development or agronomic performance ▶     Daniela Zanga, Teresa Capell, Gustavo A. Slafer et al.     High-carotenoid corn (Carolight®) has been developed as a vehicle to deliver pro-vitamin A in the diet and thus address vitamin A deficiency in at-risk populations in developing …             New arylated benzo[h]quinolines induce anti-cancer activity by oxidative stress-mediated DNA damage ▶     Dharmendra K. Yadav, Reeta Rai, Naresh Kumar et al.     The anti-cancer activity of the benzo[h]quinolines was evaluated on cultured human skin cancer (G361), lung cancer (H460), breast cancer (MCF7) and colon cancer (HCT116) cell …             Immune Activation Influences SAMHD1 Expression and Vpx-mediated SAMHD1 Degradation during Chronic HIV-1 Infection ▶     Weihui Fu, Chao Qiu, Mingzhe Zhou et al.     SAMHD1 restricts human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication in myeloid cells and CD4+ T cells, while Vpx can mediate SAMHD1 degradation to promote HIV-1 replication. …             First insight into the proteome landscape of the porcine short posterior ciliary arteries: Key signalling pathways maintaining physiologic functions ▶     Caroline Manicam, Natarajan Perumal, Norbert Pfeiffer et al.     Short posterior ciliary arteries (sPCA) provide the major blood supply to the optic nerve head. Emerging evidence has linked structural and functional anomalies of sPCA to the …             Deep sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA of the neonatal oral microbiome: a comparison of breast-fed and formula-fed infants ▶     S. S. Al-Shehri, E. L. Sweeney, D. M. Cowley et al.     In utero and upon delivery, neonates are exposed to a wide array of microorganisms from various sources, including maternal bacteria. Prior studies have proposed that the mode of …             De Novo transcriptome characterization of Dracaena cambodiana and analysis of genes involved in flavonoid accumulation during formation of dragon’s blood ▶     Jia-Hong Zhu, Tian-Jun Cao, Hao-Fu Dai et al.     Dragon’s blood is a red resin mainly extracted from Dracaena plants, and has been widely used as a traditional medicine in East and Southeast Asia. The major components of …             A single-step method for RNA isolation from tropical crops in the field ▶     J.-C. Breitler, C. Campa, F. Georget et al.     The RNAzol RT reagent was used to provide pure RNA from human cells. We develop a protocol using RNAzol RT reagent to extract pure RNA from plants tissues and demonstrate that …             Antiproliferative activities of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids from Lycoris radiata targeting DNA topoisomerase I ▶     Gui-Lin Chen, Yong-Qiang Tian, Jian-Lin Wu et al.     Crude Amaryllidaceae alkaloids (AAs) extracted from Lycoris radiata are reported to exhibit significant anti-cancer activity. However, the specific alkaloids responsible for the …             An ERβ agonist induces browning of subcutaneous abdominal fat pad in obese female mice ▶     Yi-fei Miao, Wen Su, Yu-bing Dai et al.     Estrogen, via estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), exerts several beneficial effects on metabolism and energy homeostasis by controlling size, enzymatic activity and hormonal content …             Diversity of major urinary proteins (MUPs) in wild house mice ▶     Michaela Thoß, Viktoria Enk, Hans Yu et al.     Major urinary proteins (MUPs) are often suggested to be highly polymorphic, and thereby provide unique chemical signatures used for individual and genetic kin recognition; …             Electrophysiological Properties of CA1 Pyramidal Neurons along the Longitudinal Axis of the Mouse Hippocampus ▶     Giampaolo Milior, Maria Amalia Di Castro, Livio Pepe’ Sciarria et al.     Evidence for different physiological properties along the hippocampal longitudinal axis is emerging. Here, we examined the electrophysiological features of neurons at different …             Identification of BnaYUCCA6 as a candidate gene for branch angle in Brassica napus by QTL-seq ▶     Hui Wang, Hongtao Cheng, Wenxiang Wang et al.     Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is one of the most important oil crops in China as well as worldwide. Branch angle as a plant architecture component trait plays an important …             Convex Analysis of Mixtures for Separating Non-negative Well-grounded Sources ▶     Yitan Zhu, Niya Wang, David J. Miller et al.     Blind Source Separation (BSS) is a powerful tool for analyzing composite data patterns in many areas, such as computational biology. We introduce a novel BSS method, Convex …             Variability of space-use patterns in a free living eusocial rodent, Ansell’s mole-rat indicates age-based rather than caste polyethism ▶     Jan Šklíba, Matěj Lövy, Hynek Burda et al.     Eusocial species of African mole-rats live in groups cooperating on multiple tasks and employing division of labour. In captivity, individuals of the same group differ in …             Corrigendum: Astrocytic Acid-Sensing Ion Channel 1a Contributes to the Development of Chronic Epileptogenesis ▶     Feng Yang, Xiaolong Sun, Yinxiu Ding et al.                 SLC2A8 (GLUT8) is a mammalian trehalose transporter required for trehalose-induced autophagy ▶     Allyson L. Mayer, Cassandra B. Higgins, Monique R. Heitmeier et al.     Trehalose is a disaccharide demonstrated to mitigate disease burden in multiple murine neurodegenerative models. We recently revealed that trehalose rapidly induces hepatic …             Risk assessment of recent Egyptian H5N1 influenza viruses ▶     A.-S. Arafa, S. Yamada, M. Imai et al.     Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of the H5N1 subtype are enzootic in poultry populations in different parts of the world, and have caused numerous human …             Evaluation of candidate reference genes for RT-qPCR studies in three metabolism related tissues of mice after caloric restriction ▶     Huan Gong, Liang Sun, Beidong Chen et al.     Reverse transcription quantitative-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is a routine method for gene expression analysis, and reliable results depend on proper normalization by …             Authentication of Chinese vintage liquors using bomb-pulse 14C ▶     Peng Cheng, Weijian Zhou, G. S. Burr et al.     The older a bottle of Chinese vintage liquor is, the higher the price it commands. Driven by the potential for higher profits, some newly-founded distilleries openly sell liquor …             Comparison of 432 Pseudomonas strains through integration of genomic, functional, metabolic and expression data ▶     Jasper J. Koehorst, Jesse C. J. van Dam, Ruben G. A. van Heck et al.     Pseudomonas is a highly versatile genus containing species that can be harmful to humans and plants while others are widely used for bioengineering and bioremediation. We …             LptD is a promising vaccine antigen and potential immunotherapeutic target for protection against Vibrio species infection ▶     Zhenzhong Zha, Chuchu Li, Weiyan Li et al.     Outer membrane proteins (OMPs) are unique to Gram-negative bacteria. Several features, including surface exposure, conservation among strains and ability to induce immune …             miR-365 targets β-arrestin 2 to reverse morphine tolerance in rats ▶     Jian Wang, Wei Xu, Tao Zhong et al.     Morphine tolerance is a challenging clinical problem that limits its clinical application in pain treatment. Non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) modulate gene expression in a post …             Co-expression network analyses identify functional modules associated with development and stress response in Gossypium arboreum ▶     Qi You, Liwei Zhang, Xin Yi et al.     Cotton is an economically important crop, essential for the agriculture and textile industries. Through integrating transcriptomic data, we discovered that multi-dimensional …             Systematic site-directed mutagenesis of the Helicobacter pylori CagL protein of the Cag type IV secretion system identifies novel functional domains ▶     Tobias Bönig, Patrick Olbermann, Simon H. Bats et al.     The Cag Type IV secretion system, which contributes to inflammation and cancerogenesis during chronic infection, is one of the major virulence factors of the bacterial gastric …             Diagnostic performance of peroxiredoxin 1 to determine time-of-onset of acute cerebral infarction ▶     Sébastien Richard, Vanessa Lapierre, Nicolas Girerd et al.     Accurately determining time-of-onset of cerebral infarction is important to clearly identify patients who could benefit from reperfusion therapies. We assessed the kinetics of …             Ancient tortoise hunting in the southwest Pacific ▶     Stuart Hawkins, Trevor H. Worthy, Stuart Bedford et al.     We report the unprecedented Lapita exploitation and subsequent extinction of large megafauna tortoises (?Meiolania damelipi) on tropical islands during the late Holocene over a …             The NMDA receptor GluN2C subunit controls cortical excitatory-inhibitory balance, neuronal oscillations and cognitive function ▶     Subhash C. Gupta, Aparna Ravikrishnan, Jinxu Liu et al.     Despite strong evidence for NMDA receptor (NMDAR) hypofunction as an underlying factor for cognitive disorders, the precise roles of various NMDAR subtypes remains unknown. The …             Elderly patients have an altered gut-brain axis regardless of the presence of cirrhosis ▶     Jasmohan S. Bajaj, Vishwadeep Ahluwalia, Joel L. Steinberg et al.     Cognitive difficulties manifested by the growing elderly population with cirrhosis could be amnestic (memory-related) or non-amnestic (memory-unrelated). The underlying …             Limited HIV-1 Reactivation in Resting CD4+ T cells from Aviremic Patients under Protease Inhibitors ▶     Amit Kumar, Wasim Abbas, Sophie Bouchat et al.     A latent viral reservoir that resides in resting CD4+ T cells represents a major barrier for eradication of HIV infection. We test here the impact of HIV protease inhibitor (PI) …             MALAT1 and HOTAIR Long Non-Coding RNAs Play Opposite Role in Estrogen-Mediated Transcriptional Regulation in Prostate Cancer Cells ▶     Aurora Aiello, Lorenza Bacci, Agnese Re et al.     In the complex network of nuclear hormone receptors, the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as critical determinants of hormone action. Here we investigated the …             Regulation of hepcidin expression by inflammation-induced activin B ▶     Yohei Kanamori, Makoto Sugiyama, Osamu Hashimoto et al.     Activin B is induced in response to inflammation in the liver and enhances hepcidin expression, but the source of activin B and the molecular mechanism underlying hepcidin …             Changes in Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness after Multiple Injections of Novel VEGF Decoy Receptor Conbercept for Various Retinal Diseases ▶     Zhihua Zhang, Xiaolu Yang, Huiyi Jin et al.     Conbercept is a recombinant fusion protein with high affinity for all vascular endothelial growth factor isoforms and placental growth factor. The repeated intravitreal injection …             Resistance gene identification from Larimichthys crocea with machine learning techniques ▶     Yinyin Cai, Zhijun Liao, Ying Ju et al.     The research on resistance genes (R-gene) plays a vital role in bioinformatics as it has the capability of coping with adverse changes in the external environment, which can form …             Identification of KIAA1199 as a Biomarker for Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia ▶     Han Na Suh, Sohee Jun, Ah-Young Oh et al.     Pancreatic cancer is one of the most aggressive cancers and has an extremely poor prognosis. Despite recent progress in both basic and clinical research, most pancreatic cancers …             Human mesenchymal stromal cells exert HGF dependent cytoprotective effects in a human relevant pre-clinical model of COPD ▶     Helen Kennelly, Bernard P. Mahon, Karen English     Bone-marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have potent immunomodulatory and tissue reparative properties, which may be beneficial in the treatment of inflammatory …             Non-small cell lung cancer: quantitative phenotypic analysis of CT images as a potential marker of prognosis ▶     Jiangdian Song, Zaiyi Liu, Wenzhao Zhong et al.     This was a retrospective study to investigate the predictive and prognostic ability of quantitative computed tomography phenotypic features in patients with non-small cell lung …             Cancer-associated fibroblasts treated with cisplatin facilitates chemoresistance of lung adenocarcinoma through IL-11/IL-11R/STAT3 signaling pathway ▶     Leilei Tao, Guichun Huang, Rui Wang et al.     Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) are recognized as one of the key determinants in the malignant progression of lung adenocarcinoma. And its contributions to chemoresistance …             Design and mechanistic insight into ultrafast calcium indicators for monitoring intracellular calcium dynamics ▶     Nordine Helassa, Borbala Podor, Alan Fine et al.     Calmodulin-based genetically encoded fluorescent calcium indicators (GCaMP-s) are powerful tools of imaging calcium dynamics from cells to freely moving animals. High affinity …             miR-146a-mediated suppression of the inflammatory response in human adipocytes ▶     Julian Roos, Eveliina Enlund, Jan-Bernd Funcke et al.     The obesity-associated inflammation of white adipose tissue (WAT) is one of the factors leading to the development of related diseases such as insulin resistance and liver …             DETC-based bacterial cellulose bio-curatives for topical treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis ▶     Fabiana S. Celes, Eliane Trovatti, Ricardo Khouri et al.     The treatment of leishmaniasis still relies on drugs with potentially serious adverse effects. Herein, we tested a topical formulation of bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes …             Catalysis and Structure of Zebrafish Urate Oxidase Provide Insights into the Origin of Hyperuricemia in Hominoids ▶     Marialaura Marchetti, Anastasia Liuzzi, Beatrice Fermi et al.     Urate oxidase (Uox) catalyses the first reaction of oxidative uricolysis, a three-step enzymatic pathway that allows some animals to eliminate purine nitrogen through a …             Perilipin 5 fine-tunes lipid oxidation to metabolic demand and protects against lipotoxicity in skeletal muscle ▶     Claire Laurens, Virginie Bourlier, Aline Mairal et al.     Lipid droplets (LD) play a central role in lipid homeostasis by controlling transient fatty acid (FA) storage and release from triacylglycerols stores, while preventing high …             Viral and bacterial co-infection in severe pneumonia triggers innate immune responses and specifically enhances IP-10: a translational study ▶     Jonathan Hoffmann, Daniela Machado, Olivier Terrier et al.     Mixed viral and bacterial infections are widely described in community-acquired pneumonia; however, the clinical implications of co-infection on the associated immunopathology …             Thermo-sensitive hydrogels combined with decellularised matrix deliver bFGF for the functional recovery of rats after a spinal cord injury ▶     He-Lin Xu, Fu-Rong Tian, Cui-Tao Lu et al.     Because of the short half-life, either systemic or local administration of bFGF shows significant drawbacks to spinal injury. In this study, an acellular spinal cord scaffold …                       A new open access journal dedicated to publishing the most important scientific advances in all aspects of genomics and its application in the practice of medicine. Part of the Nature Partner Journals series, the journal is published in partnership with the Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research. 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