Scientific Reports Biology Table of Contents e-alert: 4 October 2016

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04 October 2016      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports       Biological Sciences               A vector platform for the rapid and efficient engineering of stable complex transgenes ▶     Carsten Jäckel, Melanie Schmitt Nogueira, Nadja Ehni et al.     We describe the generation of a set of plasmid vector tools that allow the rapid generation of complex-interacting stable transgenes in immortalized and primary cells. Of …             Neural Correlates of Deficits in Humor Appreciation in Gelotophobics ▶     Yu-Chen Chan     Gelotophobics have social deficits in the form of relative humorlessness and heightened sensitivity to aggressive humor; however, little is known about the neural reward …             Neural Activities Underlying the Feedback Express Salience Prediction Errors for Appetitive and Aversive Stimuli ▶     Yan Gu, Xueping Hu, Weigang Pan et al.     Feedback information is essential for us to adapt appropriately to the environment. The feedback-related negativity (FRN), a frontocentral negative deflection after the delivery …             Modification of plant cell wall structure accompanied by enhancement of saccharification efficiency using a chemical, lasalocid sodium ▶     Emiko Okubo-Kurihara, Misato Ohtani, Yukio Kurihara et al.     The cell wall is one major determinant of plant cell morphology, and is an attractive bioresource. Here, we report a novel strategy to modify plant cell wall property by small …             The site of water stress governs the pattern of ABA synthesis and transport in peanut ▶     Bo Hu, Jiajia Cao, Kui Ge et al.     Abscisic acid (ABA) is one of the most important phytohormones involved in stress responses in plants. However, knowledge of the effect on ABA distribution and transport of water …             Default mode network and frontolimbic gray matter abnormalities in patients with borderline personality disorder: A voxel-based meta-analysis ▶     Xun Yang, Liyuan Hu, Jianguang Zeng et al.     Specific frontolimbic abnormalities are hypothesized to underlie the etiology of borderline personality disorder (BPD). However, findings from neuroimaging studies were …             Improved affinity at the cost of decreased specificity: a recurring theme in PDZ-peptide interactions ▶     O. Andreas Karlsson, Gustav N. Sundell, Eva Andersson et al.     The E6 protein from human papillomavirus (HPV) plays an important role during productive infection and is a potential drug target. We have previously designed a high affinity …             Genome-wide association analysis identifies genetic loci associated with resistance to multiple antimalarials in Plasmodium falciparum from China-Myanmar border ▶     Zenglei Wang, Mynthia Cabrera, Jingyun Yang et al.     Drug resistance has emerged as one of the greatest challenges facing malaria control. The recent emergence of resistance to artemisinin (ART) and its partner drugs in ART-based …             Time-resolved metabolomics analysis of individual differences during the early stage of lipopolysaccharide-treated rats ▶     Die Dai, Yiqiao Gao, Jiaqing Chen et al.     Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can lead to uncontrollable cytokine production and eventually cause fatal sepsis syndrome. Individual toxicity difference of LPS has been widely …             Changes in litter quality induced by nutrient addition alter litter decomposition in an alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ▶     Wenyan Zhu, Jinzhou Wang, Zhenhua Zhang et al.     The effects of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) addition on litter decomposition are poorly understood in Tibetan alpine meadows. Leaf litter was collected from plots within a …             Differential photosynthetic and morphological adaptations to low light affect depth distribution of two submersed macrophytes in lakes ▶     Jianfeng Chen, Te Cao, Xiaolin Zhang et al.     To evaluate the relative importance of photosynthetic versus morphological adaptations of submersed macrophytes to low light intensity in lakes, rapid light curves (RLCs), …             Methyl-CpG binding domain protein acts to regulate the repair of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers on rice DNA ▶     Changxun Fang, Weisi Chen, Chengxun Li et al.     UVB radiation causes cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) to form on the DNA of living organisms. This study found that overexpression of the silicon absorbance gene Lsi1 reduced …             Mapping light-driven conformational changes within the photosensory module of plant phytochrome B ▶     Silke von Horsten, Simon Straß, Nils Hellwig et al.     Organisms developed different photoreceptors to be able to adapt to changing environmental light conditions. Phytochromes are red/far-red (r/fr) photochromic photoreceptors that …             Site-specific identification of heparan and chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans in hybrid proteoglycans ▶     Fredrik Noborn, Alejandro Gomez Toledo, Anders Green et al.     Heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) are complex polysaccharides that regulate important biological pathways in virtually all metazoan organisms. The polysaccharides …             Characterization of Toxin Genes and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates in Fishery Products in Iran ▶     Noushin Arfatahery, Abolfazl Davoodabadi, Taranehpeimaneh Abedimohtasab     Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common causes of seafood-borne diseases worldwide, which are attributable to the contamination of food by preformed enterotoxins. In this …             Soybean GmDREBL Increases Lipid Content in Seeds of Transgenic Arabidopsis ▶     Yu-Qin Zhang, Xiang Lu, Fei-Yi Zhao et al.     A DREB-type transcription factor gene GmDREBL has been characterized for its functions in oil accumulation in seeds. The gene is specifically expressed in soybean seeds. The …             CRISPR/Cas9 Targets Chicken Embryonic Somatic Cells In Vitro and In Vivo and generates Phenotypic Abnormalities ▶     Kwaku Dad Abu-Bonsrah, Dongcheng Zhang, Donald F. Newgreen     Chickens are an invaluable model for studying human diseases, physiology and especially development, but have lagged in genetic applications. With the advent of Programmable …             Prognostic Significance of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio in Oncologic Outcomes of Cholangiocarcinoma: A Meta-analysis ▶     De-Wen Tan, Yan Fu, Qi Su et al.     Increasing evidence indicates that the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a useful biomarker of long-term outcomes in patients with cholangiocarcinoma. However, the …             Potassium Management for Improving Growth and Grain Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.) under Moisture Stress Condition ▶     Amanullah, Asif Iqbal, Irfanullah et al.     Potassium (K) fertilizer management is beneficial for improving growth, yield and yield components of field crops under moisture stress condition in semiarid climates. Field …             Systemic Inhibition of CREB is Well-tolerated in vivo ▶     Bingbing X. Li, Ryan Gardner, Changhui Xue et al.     cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) is a nuclear transcription factor activated by multiple extracellular signals including growth factors and hormones. These …             Corrigendum: The differential short- and long-term effects of HIV-1 latency-reversing agents on T cell function ▶     G. Clutton, Y. Xu, P. L. Baldoni et al.                 Prediction and evaluation of the lipase inhibitory activities of tea polyphenols with 3D-QSAR models ▶     Yi-Fang Li, Yi-Qun Chang, Jie Deng et al.     The extraordinary hypolipidemic effects of polyphenolic compounds from tea have been confirmed in our previous study. To gain compounds with more potent activities, using the …             3D bioprinting matrices with controlled pore structure and release function guide in vitro self-organization of sweat gland ▶     Nanbo Liu, Sha Huang, Bin Yao et al.     3D bioprinting matrices are novel platforms for tissue regeneration. Tissue self-organization is a critical process during regeneration that implies the features of …             An Adaptive Fisher’s Combination Method for Joint Analysis of Multiple Phenotypes in Association Studies ▶     Xiaoyu Liang, Zhenchuan Wang, Qiuying Sha et al.     Currently, the analyses of most genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been performed on a single phenotype. There is increasing evidence showing that pleiotropy is a …             A role for the asexual spores in infection of Fraxinus excelsior by the ash-dieback fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus ▶     Helen Nicola Fones, Charlotte Mardon, Sarah Jane Gurr     The invasive pathogen, ash dieback fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, is spreading rapidly across Europe. It shows high levels of outcrossing and limited population structure, even …             Inhibition of Rac1 GTPase activity affects porcine oocyte maturation and early embryo development ▶     Si-Jing Song, Qiao-Chu Wang, Ru-Xia Jia et al.     Mammalian oocyte asymmetric division relies on the eccentric positioning of the spindle, resulting in the polar body formation. Small signaling G protein Rac1 is a member of …             Dairy and plant based food intakes are associated with altered faecal microbiota in 2 to 3 year old Australian children ▶     P. Smith-Brown, M. Morrison, L. Krause et al.     The first 1000 days (conception to 24 months) is when gut microbiota composition and eating patterns are established, and a critical period influencing lifelong health. The aim …             Extracellular IL-33 cytokine, but not endogenous nuclear IL-33, regulates protein expression in endothelial cells ▶     Violette Gautier, Corinne Cayrol, Dorian Farache et al.     IL-33 is a nuclear cytokine from the IL-1 family that plays important roles in health and disease. Extracellular IL-33 activates a growing number of target cells, including group …             Chemical chaperone TUDCA prevents apoptosis and improves survival during polymicrobial sepsis in mice ▶     Marcel Doerflinger, Jason Glab, Christina Nedeva et al.     Sepsis-induced lymphopenia is a major cause of morbidities in intensive care units and in populations with chronic conditions such as renal failure, diabetes, HIV and alcohol …             Glycine triggers a non-ionotropic activity of GluN2A-containing NMDA receptors to confer neuroprotection ▶     Rong Hu, Juan Chen, Brendan Lujan et al.     Ionotropic activation of NMDA receptors (NMDARs) requires agonist glutamate and co-agonist glycine. Here we show that glycine enhances the activation of cell survival-promoting …             Dissecting the regulation rules of cancer-related miRNAs based on network analysis ▶     Zhongyu Liu, Yanzhi Guo, Xuemei Pu et al.     miRNAs (microRNAs) are a set of endogenous and small non-coding RNAs which specifically induce degradation of target mRNAs or inhibit protein translation to control gene …             Subcellular and in-vivo Nano-Endoscopy ▶     Surya Venkatasekhar Cheemalapati, John Winskas, Hao Wang et al.     Analysis of individual cells at the subcellular level is important for understanding diseases and accelerating drug discovery. Nanoscale endoscopes allow minimally invasive …             Analysis of microRNA and Gene Expression Profiles in Multiple Sclerosis: Integrating Interaction Data to Uncover Regulatory Mechanisms ▶     Sherry Freiesleben, Michael Hecker, Uwe Klaus Zettl et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to contribute to the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis (MS), an inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system. Here, we propose a …             A proteinaceous organic matrix regulates carbonate mineral production in the marine teleost intestine ▶     Kevin L. Schauer, Christophe M. R. LeMoine, Adrian Pelin et al.     Marine teleost fish produce CaCO3 in their intestine as part of their osmoregulatory strategy. This precipitation is critical for rehydration and survival of the largest …             Erratum: Brain-mechanistic responses to varying difficulty levels of approximate solutions to arithmetic problems ▶     Yanhui Xiang, Yiqi Jiang, Xiaomei Chao et al.                 Electrochemical aptasensor for lung cancer-related protein detection in crude blood plasma samples ▶     Galina S. Zamay, Tatiana N. Zamay, Vasilii A. Kolovskii et al.     The development of an aptamer-based electrochemical sensor for lung cancer detection is presented in this work. A highly specific DNA-aptamer, LC-18, selected to postoperative …             The trafficking of bacterial type rhodopsins into the Chlamydomonas eyespot and flagella is IFT mediated ▶     Mayanka Awasthi, Peeyush Ranjan, Komal Sharma et al.     The bacterial type rhodopsins are present in all the three domains of life. In contrast to the animal type rhodopsin that performs mainly sensory functions in higher eukaryotes, …             Multi-Pass Adaptive Voting for Nuclei Detection in Histopathological Images ▶     Cheng Lu, Hongming Xu, Jun Xu et al.     Nuclei detection is often a critical initial step in the development of computer aided diagnosis and prognosis schemes in the context of digital pathology images. While over the …             Disruption of phenylalanine hydroxylase reduces adult lifespan and fecundity, and impairs embryonic development in parthenogenetic pea aphids ▶     Pierre Simonet, Karen Gaget, Nicolas Parisot et al.     Phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) is a key tyrosine-biosynthetic enzyme involved in neurological and melanin-associated physiological processes. Despite extensive investigations in …             Monosodium urate crystal-induced pro-interleukin-1β production is post-transcriptionally regulated via the p38 signaling pathway in human monocytes ▶     Yeon-Ho Chung, Dong-Hyun Kim, Won-Woo Lee     IL-1β is a key mediator of sterile inflammation in response to endogenous particulates, a type of damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMPs) molecule derived from damaged cells. …             Distinct surveillance pathway for immunopathology during acute infection via autophagy and SR-BI ▶     Susanne Pfeiler, Avinash B. Khandagale, Astrid Magenau et al.     The mechanisms protecting from immunopathology during acute bacterial infections are incompletely known. We found that in response to apoptotic immune cells and live or dead …             Hydrodynamic role of longitudinal dorsal ridges in a leatherback turtle swimming ▶     Kyeongtae Bang, Jooha Kim, Sang-Im Lee et al.     Leatherback sea turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) are known to have a superior diving ability and be highly adapted to pelagic swimming. They have five longitudinal ridges on their …             Coral recovery in the central Maldives archipelago since the last major mass-bleaching, in 1998 ▶     C. Pisapia, D. Burn, R. Yoosuf et al.     Increasing frequency and severity of disturbances is causing global degradation of coral reef ecosystems. This study examined temporal changes in live coral cover and coral …             A 3′-end structure in RNA2 of a crinivirus is essential for viral RNA synthesis and contributes to replication-associated translation activity ▶     Chawin Mongkolsiriwattana, Jaclyn S. Zhou, James C. K. Ng     The terminal ends in the genome of RNA viruses contain features that regulate viral replication and/or translation. We have identified a Y-shaped structure (YSS) in the 3′ …             Antidepressant indatraline induces autophagy and inhibits restenosis via suppression of mTOR/S6 kinase signaling pathway ▶     Yoon Sun Cho, Chih-na Yen, Joong Sup Shim et al.     Indatraline is an antidepressive agent and a non-selective monoamine transporter inhibitor that blocks the reuptake of neurotransmitters (dopamine, serotonin, and …             Discovery of Isoquinolinoquinazolinones as a Novel Class of Potent PPARγ Antagonists with Anti-adipogenic Effects ▶     Yifeng Jin, Younho Han, Daulat Bikram Khadka et al.     Conformational change in helix 12 can alter ligand-induced PPARγ activity; based on this reason, isoquinolinoquinazolinones, structural homologs of berberine, were designed and …             Reduced lipolysis response to adipose afferent reflex involved in impaired activation of adrenoceptor-cAMP-PKA-hormone sensitive lipase pathway in obesity ▶     Lei Ding, Feng Zhang, Ming-Xia Zhao et al.     Chemical stimulation of white adipose tissue (WAT) causes adipose afferent reflex (AAR) and sympathetic activation. This study is to investigate the effects of AAR on lipolysis …             Phycocyanin Inhibits Tumorigenic Potential of Pancreatic Cancer Cells: Role of Apoptosis and Autophagy ▶     Gaoyong Liao, Bing Gao, Yingnv Gao et al.     Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDA) is one of the most lethal human malignancies, and unresponsive to current chemotherapies. Here we investigate the therapeutic potential of …             Efficient long-term cryopreservation of pluripotent stem cells at −80 °C ▶     Ye Yuan, Ying Yang, Yuchen Tian et al.     Current long term cryopreservation of cell stocks routinely requires the use of liquid nitrogen (LN2), because commonly used cryopreservation media containing cell membrane …             High sensitivity of gold nanoparticles co-doped with Gd2O3 mesoporous silica nanocomposite to nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells ▶     Hui Wang, Songjin Zhang, Xiumei Tian et al.     Nanoprobes for combined optical and magnetic resonance imaging have tremendous potential in early cancer diagnosis. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) co-doped with Gd2O3 mesoporous …             Organism-like formation of Schistosoma hemozoin and its function suggest a mechanism for anti-malarial action of artemisinin ▶     Jun Sun, Chen Li, Suwen Wang     The current theories of antimalarial mechanism of artemisinin are inadequate to fully explain the observed effects. In our study, “organism-like” formation of Schistosoma …             A novel method for preparing microplastic fibers ▶     Matthew Cole     Microscopic plastic (microplastic, 0.1 µm–5 mm) is a widespread pollutant impacting upon aquatic ecosystems across the globe. Environmental sampling has revealed synthetic fibers …             Tea polyphenols inhibit the activation of NF-κB and the secretion of cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases by macrophages stimulated with Fusobacterium nucleatum ▶     Amel Ben Lagha, Daniel Grenier     Fusobacterium nucleatum has been associated with both periodontal disease and inflammatory bowel disease. This Gram-negative bacterium possesses a high inflammatory potential …             Pollen-mediated gene flow and seed exchange in small-scale Zambian maize farming, implications for biosafety assessment ▶     Thomas Bøhn, Denis W. Aheto, Felix S. Mwangala et al.     Gene flow in agricultural crops is important for risk assessment of genetically modified (GM) crops, particularly in countries with a large informal agricultural sector of …             A capillary electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry pipeline for long term comparable assessment of the urinary metabolome ▶     Franck Boizard, Valérie Brunchault, Panagiotis Moulos et al.     Although capillary electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry (CE-MS) has potential application in the field of metabolite profiling, very few studies actually used CE-MS to …             Statistical and Ontological Analysis of Adverse Events Associated with Monovalent and Combination Vaccines against Hepatitis A and B Diseases ▶     Jiangan Xie, Lili Zhao, Shangbo Zhou et al.     Vaccinations often induce various adverse events (AEs), and sometimes serious AEs (SAEs). While many vaccines are used in combination, the effects of vaccine-vaccine interactions …             Volitional exaggeration of body size through fundamental and formant frequency modulation in humans ▶     Katarzyna Pisanski, Emanuel C. Mora, Annette Pisanski et al.     Several mammalian species scale their voice fundamental frequency (F0) and formant frequencies in competitive and mating contexts, reducing vocal tract and laryngeal allometry …             SMC4, which is essentially involved in lung development, is associated with lung adenocarcinoma progression ▶     Chengli Zhang, Manchao Kuang, Meng Li et al.     Structural maintenance of chromosome 4 (SMC4) is a core subunit of condensin complexes that mainly contributes to chromosome condensation and segregation. Our previous study …             Auditory cortical field coding long-lasting tonal offsets in mice ▶     Hironori Baba, Hiroaki Tsukano, Ryuichi Hishida et al.     Although temporal information processing is important in auditory perception, the mechanisms for coding tonal offsets are unknown. We investigated cortical responses elicited at …             Characterization of Amyloid Cores in Prion Domains ▶     Ricardo Sant’Anna, Maria Rosario Fernández, Cristina Batlle et al.     Amyloids consist of repetitions of a specific polypeptide chain in a regular cross-β-sheet conformation. Amyloid propensity is largely determined by the protein sequence, the …             Adhesive ligand tether length affects the size and length of focal adhesions and influences cell spreading and attachment ▶     Simon J. Attwood, Ernesto Cortes, Alexander William M. Haining et al.     Cells are known to respond to physical cues from their microenvironment such as matrix rigidity. Discrete adhesive ligands within flexible strands of fibronectin connect cell …             Spatiotopic updating facilitates perception immediately after saccades ▶     Jasper H. Fabius, Alessio Fracasso, Stefan Van der Stigchel     As the neural representation of visual information is initially coded in retinotopic coordinates, eye movements (saccades) pose a major problem for visual stability. If no visual …             Corrigendum: Autophagy-associated alpha-arrestin signaling is required for conidiogenous cell development in Magnaporthe oryzae ▶     Bo Dong, Xiaojin Xu, Guoqing Chen et al.                 Single-cell analysis reveals IGF-1 potentiation of inhibition of the TGF-β/Smad pathway of fibrosis in human keratocytes in vitro ▶     Tomislav Sarenac, Martin Trapecar, Lidija Gradisnik et al.     Corneal wound healing is often affected by TGF-β–mediated fibrosis and scar formation. Guided fibrosis with IGF-1 and antifibrotic substances might maintain corneal transparency. …             Process-based design of dynamical biological systems ▶     Jovan Tanevski, Ljupčo Todorovski, Sašo Džeroski     The computational design of dynamical systems is an important emerging task in synthetic biology. Given desired properties of the behaviour of a dynamical system, the task of …             Erratum: Sensitivity of density-dependent threshold to species composition in arthropod aggregates ▶     Pierre Broly, Quentin Ectors, Geoffrey Decuyper et al.                 Ultraviolet-B Radiation (UV-B) Relieves Chilling-Light-Induced PSI Photoinhibition And Accelerates The Recovery Of CO2 Assimilation In Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Leaves ▶     Zi-Shan Zhang, Li-Qiao Jin, Yu-Ting Li et al.     Ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B) is generally considered to negatively impact the photosynthetic apparatus and plant growth. UV-B damages PSII but does not directly influence PSI. …             Oceanography promotes self-recruitment in a planktonic larval disperser ▶     Peter R. Teske, Jonathan Sandoval-Castillo, Erik van Sebille et al.     The application of high-resolution genetic data has revealed that oceanographic connectivity in marine species with planktonic larvae can be surprisingly limited, even in the …             Maternal high-fat diet during lactation impairs thermogenic function of brown adipose tissue in offspring mice ▶     Xingwei Liang, Qiyuan Yang, Lupei Zhang et al.     Maternal obesity and high-fat diet (HFD) predisposes offspring to obesity and metabolic diseases. Due to uncoupling, brown adipose tissue (BAT) dissipates energy via heat …             Treatment with Piribedil and Memantine Reduces Noise-Induced Loss of Inner Hair Cell Synaptic Ribbons ▶     Richard A. Altschuler, Noel Wys, Diane Prieskorn et al.     Noise overstimulation can induce loss of synaptic ribbons associated with loss of Inner Hair Cell – Auditory Nerve synaptic connections. This study examined if systemic …             Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activation is required for proliferation of chicken primordial germ cells in vitro ▶     Hyung Chul Lee, Sumi Lim, Jae Yong Han     Here, we investigated the role of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in chicken primordial germ cells (PGCs) in vitro. We confirmed the expression of Wnt signaling …             Simple and rapid direct cloning and heterologous expression of natural product biosynthetic gene cluster in Bacillus subtilis via Red/ET recombineering ▶     Qingshu Liu, Qiyao Shen, Xiaoying Bian et al.     Heterologous expression of biosynthetic pathways is an important way to research and discover microbial natural products. Bacillus subtilis is a suitable host for the …             A general solution for opening double-stranded DNA for isothermal amplification ▶     Gangyi Chen, Juan Dong, Yi Yuan et al.     Nucleic acid amplification is the core technology of molecular biology and genetic engineering. Various isothermal amplification techniques have been developed as alternatives to …             Adaptive pattern of nectar volume within inflorescences: bumblebee foraging behavior and pollinator-mediated natural selection ▶     Zhigang Zhao, Ningna Lu, Jeffrey K. Conner     Larger floral displays increase pollinator visitation as well as among-flower self-pollination (geitonogamy) in self-compatible species. Dichogamy (temporal separation of gender …             The role of mitogen-activated protein kinases and sterol receptor coactivator-1 in TGF-β-regulated expression of genes implicated in macrophage cholesterol uptake ▶     Rebecca C. Salter, Pelagia Foka, Thomas S. Davies et al.     The anti-atherogenic cytokine TGF-β inhibits macrophage foam cell formation by suppressing the expression of key genes implicated in the uptake of modified lipoproteins. We have …             Highly Selective Tau-SPECT Imaging Probes for Detection of Neurofibrillary Tangles in Alzheimer’s Disease ▶     Masahiro Ono, Hiroyuki Watanabe, Ayane Kitada et al.     Neurofibrillary tangles composed of aggregates of hyperphosphorylated tau proteins are one of the neuropathological hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in addition to the …             Genetic homogenization of the nuclear ITS loci across two morphologically distinct gentians in their overlapping distributions in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ▶     Quanjun Hu, Huichao Peng, Hao Bi et al.     Interspecific hybridization and introgression can lead to partial genetic homogenization at certain neutral loci between morphologically distinct species and may obscure the …             Characterization of the transcriptomes and cuticular protein gene expression of alate adult, brachypterous neotenic and adultoid reproductives of Reticulitermes labralis ▶     Xiaohong Su, He Liu, Xiaojuan Yang et al.     The separation of primary reproductive and secondary reproductive roles based on the differentiation of alate adults and neotenic reproductives is the most prominent …             Gamma-H2AX upregulation caused by Wip1 deficiency increases depression-related cellular senescence in hippocampus ▶     Zhi-Yong He, Wen-Yue Wang, Wei-Yan Hu et al.     The PP2C family member Wild-type p53-induced phosphatase 1 (Wip1) critically regulates DNA damage response (DDR) under stressful situations. In the present study, we investigated …             Orphan nuclear receptor SHP regulates iron metabolism through inhibition of BMP6-mediated hepcidin expression ▶     Don-Kyu Kim, Yong-Hoon Kim, Yoon Seok Jung et al.     Small heterodimer partner (SHP) is a transcriptional corepressor regulating diverse metabolic processes. Here, we show that SHP acts as an intrinsic negative regulator of iron …             Neural Stem Cell Tumorigenicity and Biodistribution Assessment for Phase I Clinical Trial in Parkinson’s Disease ▶     Ibon Garitaonandia, Rodolfo Gonzalez, Trudy Christiansen-Weber et al.     Human pluripotent stem cells (PSC) have the potential to revolutionize regenerative medicine. However undifferentiated PSC can form tumors and strict quality control measures and …             Expression of B4GALNT1, an essential glycosyltransferase for the synthesis of complex gangliosides, suppresses BACE1 degradation and modulates APP processing ▶     Tokiaki Yamaguchi, Yoshio Yamauchi, Keiko Furukawa et al.     Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia characterized by the extracellular accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) peptides, which are produced by proteolytic …             The domesticated brain: genetics of brain mass and brain structure in an avian species ▶     R. Henriksen, M. Johnsson, L. Andersson et al.     As brain size usually increases with body size it has been assumed that the two are tightly constrained and evolutionary studies have therefore often been based on relative brain …             Bithionol blocks pathogenicity of bacterial toxins, ricin, and Zika virus ▶     William Leonardi, Leeor Zilbermintz, Luisa W. Cheng et al.     Diverse pathogenic agents often utilize overlapping host networks, and hub proteins within these networks represent attractive targets for broad-spectrum drugs. Using bacterial …             BEN domain protein Elba2 can functionally substitute for linker histone H1 in Drosophila in vivo ▶     Na Xu, Xingwu Lu, Harsh Kavi et al.     Metazoan linker histones are essential for development and play crucial roles in organization of chromatin, modification of epigenetic states and regulation of genetic activity. …             Comparison of standard, quantitative and digital PCR in the detection of enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis ▶     Rachel V. Purcell, John Pearson, Frank A. Frizelle et al.     Gut colonization with enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) appears to be associated with the development of colorectal cancer. However, differences in carriage rates are …             Impaired ADAMTS9 secretion: A potential mechanism for eye defects in Peters Plus Syndrome ▶     Johanne Dubail, Deepika Vasudevan, Lauren W. Wang et al.     Peters Plus syndrome (PPS), a congenital disorder of glycosylation, results from recessive mutations affecting the glucosyltransferase B3GLCT, leading to congenital corneal …             Rhythmic displays of female gibbons offer insight into the origin of dance ▶     Peng-Fei Fan, Chang-Yong Ma, Paul A. Garber et al.     Dance is a universal art form practiced by all human societies and has many functions including sexual attraction, social cohesion, and the therapeutic release of energy. Dance …             A pre-metazoan origin of the CRK gene family and co-opted signaling network ▶     Yoko Shigeno-Nakazawa, Takuma Kasai, Sewon Ki et al.     CRK and CRKL adapter proteins play essential roles in development and cancer through their SRC homology 2 and 3 (SH2 and SH3) domains. To gain insight into the origin of their …             Plastic microfibre ingestion by deep-sea organisms ▶     M. L. Taylor, C. Gwinnett, L. F. Robinson et al.     Plastic waste is a distinctive indicator of the world-wide impact of anthropogenic activities. Both macro- and micro-plastics are found in the ocean, but as yet little is known …             Non-specific alarm calls trigger mobbing behavior in Hainan gibbons (Nomascus hainanus) ▶     Huaiqing Deng, Kai Gao, Jiang Zhou     Alarm calls are important defensive behaviors. Here, we report the acoustic spectrum characteristics of alarm calls produced by Hainan gibbons (Nomascus hainanus) inhabiting …             In low protein diets, microRNA-19b regulates urea synthesis by targeting SIRT5 ▶     Rui-Ping Sun, Qian-Yun Xi, Jia-Jie Sun et al.     Ammonia detoxification, which takes place via the hepatic urea cycle, is essential for nitrogen homeostasis and physiological well-being. It has been reported that a reduction in …             Corrigendum: Effects of grazing on photosynthetic features and soil respiration of rangelands in the Tianshan Mountains of Northwest China ▶     Hua Liu, Runguo Zang, Han Y. H. Chen                 Increased GABAB receptor signaling in a rat model for schizophrenia ▶     Martijn M. Selten, Francisca Meyer, Wei Ba et al.     Schizophrenia is a complex disorder that affects cognitive function and has been linked, both in patients and animal models, to dysfunction of the GABAergic system. However, the …             Development of dopant-free conductive bioelastomers ▶     Cancan Xu, Yihui Huang, Gerardo Yepez et al.     Conductive biodegradable materials are of great interest for various biomedical applications, such as tissue repair and bioelectronics. They generally consist of multiple …             Novel roles for the radial spoke head protein 9 in neural and neurosensory cilia ▶     Irina Sedykh, Jessica J. TeSlaa, Rose L. Tatarsky et al.     Cilia are cell surface organelles with key roles in a range of cellular processes, including generation of fluid flow by motile cilia. The axonemes of motile cilia and immotile …             Ecosystem services sustainability in the Mediterranean Sea: assessment of status and trends using multiple modelling approaches ▶     Camino Liquete, Chiara Piroddi, Diego Macías et al.     Mediterranean ecosystems support important processes and functions that bring direct benefits to human society. Yet, marine ecosystem services are usually overlooked due to the …             Predicting episodic memory formation for movie events ▶     Hanlin Tang, Jed Singer, Matias J. Ison et al.     Episodic memories are long lasting and full of detail, yet imperfect and malleable. We quantitatively evaluated recollection of short audiovisual segments from movies as a proxy …             Differential roles of NF-Y transcription factor in ER chaperone expression and neuronal maintenance in the CNS ▶     Tomoyuki Yamanaka, Asako Tosaki, Haruko Miyazaki et al.     The mammalian central nervous system (CNS) contains various types of neurons with different neuronal functions. In contrast to established roles of cell type-specific …             Nebivolol Ameliorates Cardiac NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in a Juvenile-Adolescent Animal Model of Diet-Induced Obesity ▶     Qihai Xie, Tong Wei, Chenglin Huang et al.     NLRP3 is involved in obesity-induced cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. In this study, we evaluated whether the cardiac protective effects of nebivolol relied on attenuating …             Social Network Analysis Reveals Potential Fission-Fusion Behavior in a Shark ▶     Danielle E. Haulsee, Dewayne A. Fox, Matthew W. Breece et al.     Complex social networks and behaviors are difficult to observe for free-living marine species, especially those that move great distances. Using implanted acoustic transceivers …             High expression of MAP7 predicts adverse prognosis in young patients with cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia ▶     Lin Fu, Huaping Fu, Lei Zhou et al.     Microtubule-associated protein 7 (MAP7) plays an important role in cancer cells. In this study, we identified the prognostic significance of MAP7 expression in cytogenetically …             Interspecific sensitivity of bees towards dimethoate and implications for environmental risk assessment ▶     Philipp Uhl, Lea A. Franke, Christina Rehberg et al.     Wild and domesticated bee species are exposed to a variety of pesticides which may drive pollinator decline. Due to wild bee sensitivity data shortage, it is unclear if the honey …             Simultaneous Quantification of Serum Nonesterified and Esterified Fatty Acids as Potential Biomarkers to Differentiate Benign Lung Diseases from Lung Cancer ▶     Junling Ren, Dan Zhang, Yujie Liu et al.     In this study, we have employed graphene oxide as a matrix to simultaneously and directly quantify serum nonesterified and esterified fatty acids (FAs) using matrix-assisted …             PLGA nanoparticle encapsulation reduces toxicity while retaining the therapeutic efficacy of EtNBS-PDT in vitro ▶     Hsin-I Hung, Oliver J. Klein, Sam W. Peterson et al.     Photodynamic therapy regimens, which use light-activated molecules known as photosensitizers, are highly selective against many malignancies and can bypass certain challenging …             Exosomes derived from MSCs ameliorate retinal laser injury partially by inhibition of MCP-1 ▶     Bo Yu, Hui Shao, Chang Su et al.     Although accumulated evidence supports the notion that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) act in a paracrine manner, the mechanisms are still not fully understood. Recently, …             Ectopic expression of Cripto-1 in transgenic mouse embryos causes hemorrhages, fatal cardiac defects and embryonic lethality ▶     Xiaolin Lin, Wentao Zhao, Junshuang Jia et al.     Targeted disruption of Cripto-1 in mice caused embryonic lethality at E7.5, whereas we unexpectedly found that ectopic Cripto-1 expression in mouse embryos also led to embryonic …             The Architecture of the Cytoplasmic Region of Type III Secretion Systems ▶     Fumiaki Makino, Dakang Shen, Naoko Kajimura et al.     Type III secretion systems (T3SSs) are essential devices in the virulence of many Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. They mediate injection of protein effectors of virulence from …             Dysbiosis of small intestinal microbiota in liver cirrhosis and its association with etiology ▶     Yanfei Chen, Feng Ji, Jing Guo et al.     Cirrhosis-associated duodenal dysbiosis is not yet clearly defined. In this research, duodenal mucosal microbiota was analyzed in 30 cirrhotic patients and 28 healthy controls …             Plant virus infections control stomatal development ▶     Rose R. Murray, Mark S. M. Emblow, Alistair M. Hetherington et al.     Stomata are important regulators of carbon dioxide uptake and transpirational water loss. They also represent points of vulnerability as bacterial and fungal pathogens utilise …             A powerful weighted statistic for detecting group differences of directed biological networks ▶     Zhongshang Yuan, Jiadong Ji, Xiaoshuai Zhang et al.     Complex disease is largely determined by a number of biomolecules interwoven into networks, rather than a single biomolecule. Different physiological conditions such as cases and …             Angiotensin-(1–7) abrogates angiotensin II-induced proliferation, migration and inflammation in VSMCs through inactivation of ROS-mediated PI3K/Akt and MAPK/ERK signaling pathways ▶     Feng Zhang, Xingsheng Ren, Mingxia Zhao et al.     The proliferation, migration and inflammation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of several cardiovascular diseases such as …             Identification of DNA methylation changes associated with disease progression in subchondral bone with site-matched cartilage in knee osteoarthritis ▶     Yanfei Zhang, Naoshi Fukui, Mitsunori Yahata et al.     Subchondral bone plays a key role in the development of osteoarthritis, however, epigenetics of subchondral bone has not been extensively studied. In this study, we examined the …             MicroRNA let-7f-5p Inhibits Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus by Targeting MYH9 ▶     Na Li, Taofeng Du, Yunhuan Yan et al.     Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is one of the most important viral pathogens in the swine industry. Current antiviral strategies do not effectively …             Electroacupuncture in conscious free-moving mice reduces pain by ameliorating peripheral and central nociceptive mechanisms ▶     Ying Wang, Jianxun Lei, Mihir Gupta et al.     Integrative approaches such as electroacupuncture, devoid of drug effects are gaining prominence for treating pain. Understanding the mechanisms of electroacupuncture induced …             Proteome Profiling of Urinary Exosomes Identifies Alpha 1-Antitrypsin and H2B1K as Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers for Urothelial Carcinoma ▶     Shih-Yi Lin, Chao-Hsiang Chang, His-Chin Wu et al.     MALDI-TOF spectrometry has not been used for urinary exosome analysis. We used it for determining UC biomarkers. From 2012 to 2015, we enrolled 129 consecutive patients with UC …             Genomic Selection Improves Heat Tolerance in Dairy Cattle ▶     J. B. Garner, M. L. Douglas, S. R. O Williams et al.     Dairy products are a key source of valuable proteins and fats for many millions of people worldwide. Dairy cattle are highly susceptible to heat-stress induced decline in milk …             Identity information content depends on the type of facial movement ▶     Katharina Dobs, Isabelle Bülthoff, Johannes Schultz     Facial movements convey information about many social cues, including identity. However, how much information about a person’s identity is conveyed by different kinds of facial …             Distribution and characteristics of rodent picornaviruses in China ▶     Jiang Du, Liang Lu, Feng Liu et al.     Rodents are important reservoir hosts of many important zoonotic viruses. The family Picornaviridae contains clinically important pathogens that infect humans and animals, and …             The evolution of optimal resource allocation and mating systems in hermaphroditic perennial plants ▶     Ya-Qiang Wang, Yao-Tang Li, Rui-Wu Wang     By incorporating the effects of inbreeding depression (ID) on both juveniles and adults survivorship, we developed a new theoretical model for hermaphroditic perennial plants. …             Bacteroides intestinalis DSM 17393, a member of the human colonic microbiome, upregulates multiple endoxylanases during growth on xylan ▶     Kui Wang, Gabriel V. Pereira, Janaina J. V. Cavalcante et al.     Many human diets contain arabinoxylan, and the ease of genome sequencing coupled with reduced cost have led to unraveling the arsenal of genes utilized by the colonic …             Imprinting and flexibility in human face cognition ▶     Urszula M. Marcinkowska, Julien Terraube, Gwenaël Kaminski     Faces are an important cue to multiple physiological and psychological traits. Human preferences for exaggerated sex typicality (masculinity or femininity) in faces depend on …             A novel technique based on in vitro oocyte injection to improve CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing in zebrafish ▶     Shao-Lin Xie, Wan-Ping Bian, Chao Wang et al.     Contemporary improvements in the type II clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) system offer a convenient way for …             Quantitative lateral flow strip assays as User-Friendly Tools To Detect Biomarker Profiles For Leprosy ▶     Anouk van Hooij, Elisa M. Tjon Kon Fat, Renate Richardus et al.     Leprosy is a debilitating, infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Despite the availability of multidrug therapy, transmission is unremitting. Thus, early …             Crystal structures of mono- and bi-specific diabodies and reduction of their structural flexibility by introduction of disulfide bridges at the Fv interface ▶     Jin Hong Kim, Dong Hyun Song, Suk-Jun Youn et al.     Building a sophisticated protein nano-assembly requires a method for linking protein components in a predictable and stable structure. Diabodies are engineered antibody fragments …             Differential expression pattern of Vago in bumblebee (Bombus terrestris), induced by virulent and avirulent virus infections ▶     Jinzhi Niu, Ivan Meeus, Guy Smagghe     Viruses are one of the main drivers of the decline of domesticated and wild bees but the mechanisms of antiviral immunity in pollinators are poorly understood. Recent work has …             Genomic Regions Associated With Interspecies Communication in Dogs Contain Genes Related to Human Social Disorders ▶     Mia E. Persson, Dominic Wright, Lina S. V. Roth et al.     Unlike their wolf ancestors, dogs have unique social skills for communicating and cooperating with humans. Previously, significant heritabilities for human-directed social …             Elevated CO2 increases energetic cost and ion movement in the marine fish intestine ▶     Rachael M. Heuer, Martin Grosell     Energetic costs associated with ion and acid-base regulation in response to ocean acidification have been predicted to decrease the energy available to fish for basic life …             Etoposide Induces Apoptosis in Activated Human Hepatic Stellate Cells via ER Stress ▶     Chen Wang, Feng Zhang, Yu Cao et al.     The activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) plays a vital role in the progression of liver fibrosis, and the induction of HSCs apoptosis may attenuate or reverse …             Molecular Characterization and Viral Origin of the 2015 Dengue Outbreak in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China ▶     Yujiao Zhao, Lihua Li, Dehong Ma et al.     A total of 1067 serum samples were collected from febrile patients in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, 2015. Of these, 852 cases were confirmed to be dengue NS1-positive. 76 structural …             Structure-based discovery of two antiviral inhibitors targeting the NS3 helicase of Japanese encephalitis virus ▶     Jin’e Fang, Huan Li, Dexin Kong et al.     Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a flavivirus that threatens more than half of the world’s population. Vaccination can prevent the disease, but no specific antiviral drug is …             Assessment of the interaction of Portland cement-based materials with blood and tissue fluids using an animal model ▶     P. Schembri Wismayer, C. Y. K. Lung, F. Rappa et al.     Portland cement used in the construction industry improves its properties when wet. Since most dental materials are used in a moist environment, Portland cement has been …             Phylogeny and biogeography of the remarkable genus Bondarzewia (Basidiomycota, Russulales) ▶     Jie Song, Jia-Jia Chen, Min Wang et al.     Bondarzewia is a conspicuous and widely distributed mushroom genus, but little is known about its origin and biogeography. Here, we investigated the systematics and biogeography …             Pre-fusion F is absent on the surface of formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus ▶     April M. Killikelly, Masaru Kanekiyo, Barney S. Graham     The lack of a licensed vaccine for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can be partly attributed to regulatory hurdles resulting from vaccine enhanced respiratory disease (ERD) …             Casein kinase 1 is recruited to nuclear speckles by FAM83H and SON ▶     Takahisa Kuga, Hideaki Kume, Jun Adachi et al.     In some fibroblasts, casein kinase 1α (CK1α) is localized to nuclear speckles, which are sub-nuclear compartments supplying splicing factors, whereas it is recruited on keratin …             Temporal dynamics of hot desert microbial communities reveal structural and functional responses to water input ▶     Alacia Armstrong, Angel Valverde, Jean-Baptiste Ramond et al.     The temporal dynamics of desert soil microbial communities are poorly understood. Given the implications for ecosystem functioning under a global change scenario, a better …             MiR-24-BIM-Smac/DIABLO axis controls the sensitivity to doxorubicin treatment in osteosarcoma ▶     Yangbai Sun, Nengbin He, Yang Dong et al.     Emerging evidence shows that microRNAs (miRNAs) act as critical regulators in the progression and chemoresistance of multiple tumors, including osteosarcoma (OS). In this study, …             Regulation of aPKC activity by Nup358 dependent SUMO modification ▶     Santosh Kumar Yadav, Indrasen Magre, Aditi Singh et al.     Atypical PKC (aPKC) family members are involved in regulation of diverse cellular processes, including cell polarization. aPKCs are known to be activated by phosphorylation of …             Evolutionary History and Ongoing Transmission of Phylogenetic Sublineages of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing Genotype in China ▶     Qing-qin Yin, Hai-can Liu, Wei-wei Jiao et al.     Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing genotype originated in China and has undergone a dramatic population growth and global spread in the last century. Here, a collection of M. …             ‘AND’ logic gates at work: Crystal structure of Rad53 bound to Dbf4 and Cdc7 ▶     Ahmad W. Almawi, Lindsay A. Matthews, Larasati et al.     Forkhead-associated (FHA) domains are phosphopeptide recognition modules found in many signaling proteins. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein kinase Rad53 is a key regulator of …             Colonization and diversification of the Euphorbia species (sect. Aphyllis subsect. Macaronesicae) on the Canary Islands ▶     Ye Sun, Yanshu Li, Carlos Fabián Vargas-Mendoza et al.     Diversification between islands and ecological radiation within islands are postulated to have occurred in the Euphorbia species (sect. Aphyllis subsect. Macaronesicae) on the …             Single sample resolution of rare microbial dark matter in a marine invertebrate metagenome ▶     Ian J. Miller, Theodore R. Weyna, Stephen S. Fong et al.     Direct, untargeted sequencing of environmental samples (metagenomics) and de novo genome assembly enable the study of uncultured and phylogenetically divergent organisms. …             Regulation of PCGEM1 by p54/nrb in prostate cancer ▶     Tsui-Ting Ho, Jianguo Huang, Nanjiang Zhou et al.     PCGEM1 is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) that is often upregulated in prostate cancer. However, little is known how PCGEM1 is regulated. In the present study, we show …             A potent and selective small molecule inhibitor of sirtuin 1 promotes differentiation of pluripotent P19 cells into functional neurons ▶     Beom Seok Kim, Chang-Hee Lee, Gyeong-Eon Chang et al.     Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is known to suppress differentiation of pluripotent/multipotent cells and neural progenitor cells into neurons by blocking activation of transcription factors …             Detecting individual extracellular vesicles using a multicolor in situ proximity ligation assay with flow cytometric readout ▶     Liza Löf, Tonge Ebai, Louise Dubois et al.     Flow cytometry is a powerful method for quantitative and qualitative analysis of individual cells. However, flow cytometric analysis of extracellular vesicles (EVs), and the …             Presumed LRP1-targeting transport peptide delivers β-secretase inhibitor to neurons in vitro with limited efficiency ▶     Jong Ah Kim, Tommaso Casalini, Davide Brambilla et al.     Interfering with the activity of β-secretase to reduce the production of Aβ peptides is a conceivable therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer’s disease. However, the development of …             Metabolic profile and safety of piperlongumine ▶     Fernanda de Lima Moreira, Maísa D. Habenschus, Thiago Barth et al.     Piperlongumine (PPL), a natural plant product, has been extensively studied in cancer treatment going up on clinical trials. Since the first report related to its use on cancer …             Molecular bases of K+ secretory cells in the inner ear: shared and distinct features between birds and mammals ▶     Viviane Wilms, Christine Köppl, Chris Söffgen et al.     In the cochlea, mammals maintain a uniquely high endolymphatic potential (EP), which is not observed in other vertebrate groups. However, a high [K+] is always present in the …             Nur77 exacerbates PC12 cellular injury in vitro by aggravating mitochondrial impairment and endoplasmic reticulum stress ▶     Huimin Gao, Zhaoyu Chen, Yongmei Fu et al.     The nuclear orphan receptor, Nur77 plays important roles in neuroimflammation, apoptosis, and dopaminergic neurodegeneration. We conducted a further mechanistic investigation …             Regulation of BZR1 in fruit ripening revealed by iTRAQ proteomics analysis ▶     Lihong Liu, Haoran Liu, Shuo Li et al.     Fruit ripening is a complex and genetically programmed process. Brassinosteroids (BRs) play an essential role in plant growth and development, including fruit ripening. As a …             A role for Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Beta in T cell development ▶     Isabelle Mothe-Satney, Joseph Murdaca, Brigitte Sibille et al.     Metabolism plays an important role in T cell biology and changes in metabolism drive T cell differentiation and fate. Most research on the role of metabolism in T lymphocytes …             Large-scale tissue clearing (PACT): Technical evaluation and new perspectives in immunofluorescence, histology, and ultrastructure ▶     Peter H. Neckel, Ulrich Mattheus, Bernhard Hirt et al.     Novel techniques, like CLARITY and PACT, render large tissue specimens transparent and thereby suitable for microscopic analysis. We used these techniques to evaluate their …             Transcriptome landscape of perennial wild Cicer microphyllum uncovers functionally relevant molecular tags regulating agronomic traits in chickpea ▶     Rishi Srivastava, Deepak Bajaj, Ayushi Malik et al.     The RNA-sequencing followed by de-novo transcriptome assembly identified 11621 genes differentially xpressed in roots vs. shoots of a wild perennial Cicer microphyllum. …             Cell biology is different in small volumes: endogenous signals shape phenotype of primary hepatocytes cultured in microfluidic channels ▶     Amranul Haque, Pantea Gheibi, Yandong Gao et al.     The approaches for maintaining hepatocytes in vitro are aimed at recapitulating aspects of the native liver microenvironment through the use of co-cultures, surface coatings and …             Rapid Electron Transfer within the III-IV Supercomplex in Corynebacterium glutamicum ▶     Simone Graf, Olga Fedotovskaya, Wei-Chun Kao et al.     Complex III in C. glutamicum has an unusual di-heme cyt. c1 and it co-purifies with complex IV in a supercomplex. Here, we investigated the kinetics of electron transfer within …             Rescue of Early bace-1 and Global DNA Demethylation by S-Adenosylmethionine Reduces Amyloid Pathology and Improves Cognition in an Alzheimer’s Model ▶     Sonia Do Carmo, Cecilia E. Hanzel, Marie L. Jacobs et al.     General DNA hypomethylation is associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but it is unclear when DNA hypomethylation starts or plays a role in AD pathology or whether DNA …             The Golgi associated ERI3 is a Flavivirus host factor ▶     Alex Michael Ward, Meredith E. K. Calvert, Leah R. Read et al.     Dengue virus (DENV) is a mosquito-borne Flavivirus classified into four serotypes (DENV-1-4) that causes Dengue fever (DF), Dengue hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) or Dengue shock …             Interplay between cell cycle and autophagy induced by boswellic acid analog ▶     Anup S. Pathania, Santosh K. Guru, Suresh Kumar et al.     In this study, we investigated the role of autophagy induced by boswellic acid analog BA145 on cell cycle progression in pancreatic cancer cells. BA145 induced robust autophagy …             Homer1a attenuates glutamate-induced oxidative injury in HT-22 cells through regulation of store-operated calcium entry ▶     Wei Rao, Cheng Peng, Lei Zhang et al.     Calcium disequilibrium is extensively involved in oxidative stress-induced neuronal injury. Although Homer1a is known to regulate several neuronal calcium pathways, its effects …             Genome-wide identification of multifunctional laccase gene family in cotton (Gossypium spp.); expression and biochemical analysis during fiber development ▶     Vimal Kumar Balasubramanian, Krishan Mohan Rai, Sandi Win Thu et al.     The single-celled cotton fibers, produced from seed coat epidermal cells are the largest natural source of textile fibers. The economic value of cotton fiber lies in its length …             TRPM7-like channels are functionally expressed in oocytes and modulate post-fertilization embryo development in mouse ▶     Ingrid Carvacho, Goli Ardestani, Hoi Chang Lee et al.     The Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels are a family of cationic ion channels widely distributed in mammalian tissues. In general, the global genetic disruption of …             Mitochondrial ROS regulate oxidative damage and mitophagy but not age-related muscle fiber atrophy ▶     Giorgos K. Sakellariou, Timothy Pearson, Adam P. Lightfoot et al.     Age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and function is a major contributor to morbidity and has a profound effect on the quality of life of older people. The potential role of …             Map-based Cloning and Characterization of the BPH18 Gene from Wild Rice Conferring Resistance to Brown Planthopper (BPH) Insect Pest ▶     Hyeonso Ji, Sung-Ryul Kim, Yul-Ho Kim et al.     Brown planthopper (BPH) is a phloem sap-sucking insect pest of rice which causes severe yield loss. We cloned the BPH18 gene from the BPH-resistant introgression line derived …             Temporal efficiency evaluation and small-worldness characterization in temporal networks ▶     Zhongxiang Dai, Yu Chen, Junhua Li et al.     Numerous real-world systems can be modeled as networks. To date, most network studies have been conducted assuming stationary network characteristics. Many systems, however, …             The effects of a genome-wide supported variant in the CACNA1C gene on cortical morphology in schizophrenia patients and healthy subjects ▶     Fanfan Zheng, Yue Cui, Hao Yan et al.     Schizophrenia is a highly heritable disorder with multiple susceptibility genes. Previously, we identified CACNA1C rs2007044 as a new risk locus for schizophrenia, with the minor …             Mst1 inhibits CMECs autophagy and participates in the development of diabetic coronary microvascular dysfunction ▶     Jie Lin, Lei Zhang, Mingming Zhang et al.     Cardiovascular complications account for a substantial proportion of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Abnormalities of cardiac microvascular endothelial cells …             Cigarette smoke reversibly activates hypoxia-inducible factor 1 in a reactive oxygen species-dependent manner ▶     Hiroki Daijo, Yuma Hoshino, Shinichi Kai et al.     Cigarette smoke (CS) is a major contributor to the development of a large number of fatal and debilitating disorders. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying the …             Acidic Residues Control the Dimerization of the N-terminal Domain of Black Widow Spiders’ Major Ampullate Spidroin 1 ▶     Joschka Bauer, Daniel Schaal, Lukas Eisoldt et al.     Dragline silk is the most prominent amongst spider silks and comprises two types of major ampullate spidroins (MaSp) differing in their proline content. In the natural spinning …             Integrative transcriptomic meta-analysis of Parkinson’s disease and depression identifies NAMPT as a potential blood biomarker for de novo Parkinson’s disease ▶     Jose A. Santiago, Alyssa M. Littlefield, Judith A. Potashkin     Emerging research indicates that depression could be one of the earliest prodromal symptoms or risk factors associated with the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD), the …             Liver DCE-MRI Registration in Manifold Space Based on Robust Principal Component Analysis ▶     Qianjin Feng, Yujia Zhou, Xueli Li et al.     A technical challenge in the registration of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (DCE-MR) imaging in the liver is intensity variations caused by contrast agents. Such …             A single molecule assay to probe monovalent and multivalent bonds between hyaluronan and its key leukocyte receptor CD44 under force ▶     Fouzia Bano, Suneale Banerji, Mark Howarth et al.     Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), a category of linear, anionic polysaccharides, are ubiquitous in the extracellular space, and important extrinsic regulators of cell function. Despite …             Ilex kaushue and Its Bioactive Component 3,5-Dicaffeoylquinic Acid Protected Mice from Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury ▶     Yu-Li Chen, Tsong-Long Hwang, Huang-Ping Yu et al.     Acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe respiratory disease with high mortality rates worldwide. Recent reports suggest that human neutrophil elastase (HNE) plays a key role in the …             Coexistence of multiple minor states of fatty acid binding protein and their functional relevance ▶     Binhan Yu, Daiwen Yang     Proteins are dynamic over a wide range of timescales, but determining the number of distinct dynamic processes and identifying functionally relevant dynamics are still …             The orientation selectivity of face identification ▶     Valerie Goffaux, John A. Greenwood     Recent work demonstrates that human face identification is most efficient when based on horizontal, rather than vertical, image structure. Because it is unclear how this …             Independent multimerization of Latent TGFβ Binding Protein-1 stabilized by cross-linking and enhanced by heparan sulfate ▶     Helen Troilo, Ruth Steer, Richard F. Collins et al.     TGFβ plays key roles in fibrosis and cancer progression, and latency is conferred by covalent linkage to latent TGFβ binding proteins (LTBPs). LTBP1 is essential for TGFβ …             Mature neural responses to Infant-Directed Speech but not Adult-Directed Speech in Pre-Verbal Infants ▶     Varghese Peter, Marina Kalashnikova, Aimee Santos et al.     Infant directed speech (IDS), the speech register adults use when talking to infants, has been shown to have positive effects on attracting infants’ attention, language learning, …             Taxonomic and functional diversity increase the aesthetic value of coralligenous reefs ▶     Anne-Sophie Tribot, Nicolas Mouquet, Sébastien Villéger et al.     The aesthetic value of landscapes contributes to human well-being. However, studies which have investigated the link between biodiversity and ecosystem services have not taken …             Adenylyl cyclase 3 haploinsufficiency confers susceptibility to diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance in mice ▶     Tao Tong, Ying Shen, Han-Woong Lee et al.     Adenylyl cyclase 3 (Adcy3), a member of the mammalian adenylyl cyclase family responsible for generating the second messenger cAMP, has long been known to play an essential role …             Evaluation of antibody level against Fusobacterium nucleatum in the serological diagnosis of colorectal cancer ▶     Hai-Fang Wang, Lin-Fang Li, Song-He Guo et al.     Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum, Fn) is associated with the colorectal cancer (CRC). Fn-infection could induce significant levels of serum Fn-specific antibodies in human …             Resveratrol suppresses NTHi-induced inflammation via up-regulation of the negative regulator MyD88 short ▶     Carla S. Andrews, Shingo Matsuyama, Byung-Cheol Lee et al.     Upper respiratory tract inflammatory diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) affect more than one-half billion people globally and are …             A new design for a green calcium indicator with a smaller size and a reduced number of calcium-binding sites ▶     Natalia V. Barykina, Oksana M. Subach, Danila A. Doronin et al.     Genetically encoded calcium indicators (GECIs) are mainly represented by two- or one-fluorophore-based sensors. One type of two-fluorophore-based sensor, carrying Opsanus …             Functional organization of the HIV lipid envelope ▶     Nerea Huarte, Pablo Carravilla, Antonio Cruz et al.     The chemical composition of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) membrane is critical for fusion and entry into target cells, suggesting that preservation of a …             Embryonic expression of endothelins and their receptors in lamprey and frog reveals stem vertebrate origins of complex Endothelin signaling ▶     Tyler Square, David Jandzik, Maria Cattell et al.     Neural crest cells (NCCs) are highly patterned embryonic cells that migrate along stereotyped routes to give rise to a diverse array of adult tissues and cell types. Modern NCCs …             Breast Cancer Cell Invasion into a Three Dimensional Tumor-Stroma Microenvironment ▶     Danh Truong, Julieann Puleo, Alison Llave et al.     In this study, to model 3D chemotactic tumor-stroma invasion in vitro, we developed an innovative microfluidic chip allowing side-by-side positioning of 3D hydrogel-based …             The complex evolutionary history of the tympanic middle ear in frogs and toads (Anura) ▶     Martín O. Pereyra, Molly C. Womack, J. Sebastián Barrionuevo et al.     Most anurans possess a tympanic middle ear (TME) that transmits sound waves to the inner ear; however, numerous species lack some or all TME components. To understand the …             Demographic and reproductive plasticity across the depth distribution of a coral reef fish ▶     Esther D. Goldstein, Evan K. D’Alessandro, Su Sponaugle     As humans expand into natural environments, populations of wild organisms may become relegated to marginal habitats at the boundaries of their distributions. In the ocean, …             A natural Anopheles-associated Penicillium chrysogenum enhances mosquito susceptibility to Plasmodium infection ▶     Yesseinia I. Angleró-Rodríguez, Benjamin J. Blumberg, Yuemei Dong et al.     Whereas studies have extensively examined the ability of bacteria to influence Plasmodium infection in the mosquito, the tripartite interactions between non-entomopathogenic …             In Utero Caffeine Exposure Induces Transgenerational Effects on the Adult Heart ▶     Xiefan Fang, Ryan R. Poulsen, Scott A. Rivkees et al.     Each year millions of pregnant woman are exposed to caffeine, which acts to antagonize adenosine action. The long-term consequences of this exposure on the developing fetus are …             Calcification response of a key phytoplankton family to millennial-scale environmental change ▶     H. L. O. McClelland, N. Barbarin, L. Beaufort et al.     Coccolithophores are single-celled photosynthesizing marine algae, responsible for half of the calcification in the surface ocean, and exert a strong influence on the …             Functional characterization of p53 pathway components in the ancient metazoan Trichoplax adhaerens ▶     Jia Wei Siau, Cynthia R. Coffill, Weiyun Villien Zhang et al.     The identification of genes encoding a p53 family member and an Mdm2 ortholog in the ancient placozoan Trichoplax adhaerens advocates for the evolutionary conservation of a …             FAIM2, as a novel diagnostic maker and a potential therapeutic target for small-cell lung cancer and atypical carcinoid ▶     Hio Chung Kang, Jong In Kim, Hee Kyung Chang et al.     Lung neuroendocrine (NE) tumors are a heterogeneous group of tumors arising from neuroendocrine cells that includes typical carcinoid, atypical carcinoid, small cell lung cancer …             Conditional abrogation of Atm in osteoclasts extends osteoclast lifespan and results in reduced bone mass ▶     Toru Hirozane, Takahide Tohmonda, Masaki Yoda et al.     Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase is a central component involved in the signal transduction of the DNA damage response (DDR) and thus plays a critical role in the …             The role of Rad51 in safeguarding mitochondrial activity during the meiotic cell cycle in mammalian oocytes ▶     Kyeoung-Hwa Kim, Ji-Hoon Park, Eun-Young Kim et al.     Rad51 is a conserved eukaryotic protein that mediates the homologous recombination repair of DNA double-strand breaks that occur during mitosis and meiosis. In addition, Rad51 …             The Evolution of Generosity in the Ultimatum Game ▶     Arend Hintze, Ralph Hertwig     When humans fail to make optimal decisions in strategic games and economic gambles, researchers typically try to explain why that behaviour is biased. To this end, they search …             Comparative transcriptome assembly and genome-guided profiling for Brettanomyces bruxellensis LAMAP2480 during p-coumaric acid stress ▶     Liliana Godoy, Patricia Vera-Wolf, Claudio Martinez et al.     Brettanomyces bruxellensis has been described as the main contaminant yeast in wine production, due to its ability to convert the hydroxycinnamic acids naturally present in the …             Improving protein content and quality by over-expressing artificially synthetic fusion proteins with high lysine and threonine constituent in rice plants ▶     Shu-Ye Jiang, Ali Ma, Lifen Xie et al.     Rice grains are rich in starch but low in protein with very low level of both lysine and threonine. Thus, it is important to further improve protein quality and quantity, …             Depletion of primary cilia from mature dentate granule cells impairs hippocampus-dependent contextual memory ▶     Soyoung Rhee, Gregory W. Kirschen, Yan Gu et al.     The primary cilium, a sensory organelle, regulates cell proliferation and neuronal development of dentate granule cells in the hippocampus. However, its role in the function of …             Bird diversity and abundance in organic and conventional apple orchards in northern Japan ▶     Naoki Katayama     Many studies have investigated the benefits of agri-environmental schemes, such as organic farming, on biodiversity conservation in annual systems, but their effectiveness in …             Simulating the Evolution of Functional Brain Networks in Alzheimer’s Disease: Exploring Disease Dynamics from the Perspective of Global Activity ▶     Wei Li, Miao Wang, Wenzhen Zhu et al.     Functional brain connectivity is altered during the pathological processes of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but the specific evolutional rules are insufficiently understood. …             Differential network analysis from cross-platform gene expression data ▶     Xiao-Fei Zhang, Le Ou-Yang, Xing-Ming Zhao et al.     Understanding how the structure of gene dependency network changes between two patient-specific groups is an important task for genomic research. Although many computational …             Insulin enhanced leptin-induced STAT3 signaling by inducing GRP78 ▶     Mina Thon, Toru Hosoi, Koichiro Ozawa     Leptin, an adipocyte-derived hormone, centrally regulates energy homeostasis. Overlaps in the regulation of glucose and energy homeostasis have been reported between leptin and …             Cross-talk between Human Papillomavirus Oncoproteins and Hedgehog Signaling Synergistically Promotes Stemness in Cervical Cancer Cells ▶     Kanchan Vishnoi, Sutapa Mahata, Abhishek Tyagi et al.     Viral oncoproteins E6/E7 play key oncogenic role in human papillomavirus (HPV)-mediated cervical carcinogenesis in conjunction with aberrant activation of cellular signaling …             13C and 15N natural isotope abundance reflects breast cancer cell metabolism ▶     Illa Tea, Estelle Martineau, Ingrid Antheaume et al.     Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Despite the information provided by anatomopathological assessment and molecular markers (such as receptor expression …             The decline in synaptic GluN2B and rise in inhibitory neurotransmission determine the end of a critical period ▶     Noriko Isoo, Takae Ohno, Mutsumi Isowaki et al.     Neuronal plasticity is especially active in the young, during short windows of time termed critical periods, and loss of a critical period leads to functional limitations in the …             Unravelling molecular mechanisms from floral initiation to lipid biosynthesis in a promising biofuel tree species, Pongamia pinnata using transcriptome analysis ▶     Rachapudi V. Sreeharsha, Shalini Mudalkar, Kambam T. Singha et al.     Pongamia pinnata (L.) (Fabaceae) is a promising biofuel tree species which is underexploited in the areas of both fundamental and applied research, due to the lack of information …             A unique RPW8-encoding class of genes that originated in early land plants and evolved through domain fission, fusion, and duplication ▶     Yan Zhong, Zong-Ming (Max) Cheng     Duplication, lateral gene transfer, domain fusion/fission and de novo domain creation play a key role in formation of initial common ancestral protein. Abundant protein …             Characterization of the Pathogenesis of H10N3, H10N7, and H10N8 Subtype Avian Influenza Viruses Circulating in Ducks ▶     Miaomiao Zhang, Xingxing Zhang, Kaidi Xu et al.     Three H10 subtype avian influenza viruses were isolated from domestic ducks in China, designated as SH602/H10N8, FJ1761/H10N3 and SX3180/H10N7, with an intravenous pathogenicity …             Molecular basis of the interaction between gating modifier spider toxins and the voltage sensor of voltage-gated ion channels ▶     Carus H. Y. Lau, Glenn F. King, Mehdi Mobli     Voltage-sensor domains (VSDs) are modular transmembrane domains of voltage-gated ion channels that respond to changes in membrane potential by undergoing conformational changes …             Prediction of new drug indications based on clinical data and network modularity ▶     Liang Yu, Xiaoke Ma, Long Zhang et al.     Drug repositioning is commonly done within the drug discovery process in order to adjust or expand the application line of an active molecule. Previous computational methods in …             Repurposing clinically approved cephalosporins for tuberculosis therapy ▶     Santiago Ramón-García, Rubén González del Río, Angel Santos Villarejo et al.     While modern cephalosporins developed for broad spectrum antibacterial activities have never been pursued for tuberculosis (TB) therapy, we identified first generation …             FAK deletion accelerates liver regeneration after two-thirds partial hepatectomy ▶     Na Shang, Maribel Arteaga, Lennox Chitsike et al.     Understanding the molecular mechanisms of liver regeneration is essential to improve the survival rate of patients after surgical resection of large amounts of liver tissue. …             Quantitative Proteomics Reveals the Defense Response of Wheat against Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici ▶     Yuheng Yang, Yang Yu, Chaowei Bi et al.     Wheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is considered one of the most aggressive diseases to wheat production. In this study, we used an …             Persistence of fan-shaped keratocytes is a matrix-rigidity-dependent mechanism that requires α5β1 integrin engagement ▶     Maryam Riaz, Marie Versaevel, Danahe Mohammed et al.     Despite the importance of matrix rigidity on cell functions, many aspects of the mechanosensing process in highly migratory cells remain elusive. Here, we studied the migration …             Gain-of-function defects of astrocytic Kir4.1 channels in children with autism spectrum disorders and epilepsy ▶     Federico Sicca, Elena Ambrosini, Maria Marchese et al.     Dysfunction of the inwardly-rectifying potassium channels Kir4.1 (KCNJ10) represents a pathogenic mechanism contributing to Autism-Epilepsy comorbidity. To define the role of …             Synthesis, characterization and drug loading property of Monomethoxy-Poly(ethylene glycol)-Poly(ε-caprolactone)-Poly(D,L-lactide) (MPEG-PCLA) copolymers ▶     BingYang Chu, Lan Zhang, Ying Qu et al.     Amphiphilic block copolymers have attracted a great deal of attention in drug delivery systems. In this work, a series of monomethoxy-poly (ethylene glycol)-poly …             Loss of Dnmt3a induces CLL and PTCL with distinct methylomes and transcriptomes in mice ▶     Staci L. Haney, Garland M. Upchurch, Jana Opavska et al.     Cytosine methylation of DNA is an epigenetic modification involved in the repression of genes that affect biological processes including hematopoiesis. It is catalyzed by DNA …             Genomic and functional analysis of the host response to acute simian varicella infection in the lung ▶     Nicole Arnold, Thomas Girke, Suhas Sureshchandra et al.     Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) is the causative agent of varicella and herpes zoster. Although it is well established that VZV is transmitted via the respiratory route, the …             To Unveil the Molecular Mechanisms of Qi and Blood through Systems Biology-Based Investigation into Si-Jun-Zi-Tang and Si-Wu-Tang formulae ▶     Jing Sun, Li Zhang, Yujun He et al.     Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is increasingly getting clinical application worldwide. But its theory like QI-Blood is still abstract. Actually, Qi deficiency and blood …             Embryonic type Na+ channel β-subunit, SCN3B masks the disease phenotype of Brugada syndrome ▶     Shinichiro Okata, Shinsuke Yuasa, Tomoyuki Suzuki et al.     SCN5A is abundant in heart and has a major role in INa. Loss-of-function mutation in SCN5A results in Brugada syndrome (BrS), which causes sudden death in adults. It remains …             Non-cell autonomous cues for enhanced functionality of human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes via maturation of sarcolemmal and mitochondrial KATP channels ▶     Wendy Keung, Lihuan Ren, Sen Li et al.     Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) is a potential unlimited ex vivo source of ventricular (V) cardiomyocytes (CMs), but hESC-VCMs and their engineered tissues display immature …             Profiling of core fucosylated N-glycans using a novel bacterial lectin that specifically recognizes α1,6 fucosylated chitobiose ▶     Saulius Vainauskas, Rebecca M. Duke, James McFarland et al.     A novel fucose-binding lectin (SL2-1) from the bacterium Streptomyces rapamycinicus was identified by analysis of metagenomic DNA sequences. SL2-1 belongs to a new group of …             Characterization and Potential Applications of a Selenium Nanoparticle Producing and Nitrate Reducing Bacterium Bacillus oryziterrae sp. nov. ▶     Peng Bao, Ke-Qing Xiao, Hui-Jiao Wang et al.     A novel nitrate- and selenite reducing bacterium strain ZYKT was isolated from a rice paddy soil in Dehong, Yunnan, China. Strain ZYKT is a facultative anaerobe and grows in up …             Retinoic acid and meiosis induction in adult versus embryonic gonads of medaka ▶     Mateus C. Adolfi, Amaury Herpin, Martina Regensburger et al.     In vertebrates, one of the first recognizable sex differences in embryos is the onset of meiosis, known to be regulated by retinoic acid (RA) in mammals. We investigated in …             Efficient delivery of C/EBP beta gene into human mesenchymal stem cells via polyethylenimine-coated gold nanoparticles enhances adipogenic differentiation ▶     Das Joydeep, Yun-Jung Choi, Hideyo Yasuda et al.     The controlled differentiation of stem cells via the delivery of specific genes encoding appropriate differentiation factors may provide useful models for regenerative medicine …             Campylobacter concisus pathotypes induce distinct global responses in intestinal epithelial cells ▶     Nandan P. Deshpande, Marc R. Wilkins, Natalia Castaño-Rodríguez et al.     The epithelial response to the opportunistic pathogen Campylobacter concisus is poorly characterised. Here, we assessed the intestinal epithelial responses to two C. concisus …             Characterization of aspartyl aminopeptidase from Toxoplasma gondii ▶     Jun Zheng, Ziying Cheng, Honglin Jia et al.     Aminopeptidases have emerged as new promising drug targets for the development of novel anti-parasitic drugs. An aspartyl aminopeptidase-like gene has been identified in the …             Adiponectin protects the rats liver against chronic intermittent hypoxia induced injury through AMP-activated protein kinase pathway ▶     Wenxiao Ding, Qiang Zhang, Yanbin Dong et al.     This study was performed to assess the effect of chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) on the liver, the associated mechanisms and the potential therapeutic roles of adiponectin …             Divergence of cuticular hydrocarbons in two sympatric grasshopper species and the evolution of fatty acid synthases and elongases across insects ▶     Jonas Finck, Emma L. Berdan, Frieder Mayer et al.     Cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) play a major role in the evolution of reproductive isolation between insect species. The CHC profiles of two closely related sympatric grasshopper …             Single-cell SNP analyses and interpretations based on RNA-Seq data for colon cancer research ▶     Jiahuan Chen, Qian Zhou, Yangfan Wang et al.     Single-cell sequencing is useful for illustrating the cellular heterogeneities inherent in many intricate biological systems, particularly in human cancer. However, owing to the …             Evidence for Direct Control of Virulence and Defense Gene Circuits by the Pseudomonas aeruginosa Quorum Sensing Regulator, MvfR ▶     Damien Maura, Ronen Hazan, Tomoe Kitao et al.     Pseudomonas aeruginosa defies eradication by antibiotics and is responsible for acute and chronic human infections due to a wide variety of virulence factors. Currently, it is …             Electrical detection and quantification of single and mixed DNA nucleotides in suspension ▶     Mahmoud Al Ahmad, Neena G. Panicker, Tahir A. Rizvi et al.     High speed sequential identification of the building blocks of DNA, (deoxyribonucleotides or nucleotides for short) without labeling or processing in long reads of DNA is the …             Potentials of the elevated circulating miR-185 level as a biomarker for early diagnosis of HBV-related liver fibrosis ▶     Bin-bin Li, Dong-liang Li, Chao Chen et al.     Early diagnosis of liver fibrosis is critical for early intervention and prognosis of various chronic liver diseases. Conventional repeated histological assessment is impractical …             Thresholds in marsh resilience to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill ▶     Brian R. Silliman, Philip M. Dixon, Cameron Wobus et al.     Ecosystem boundary retreat due to human-induced pressure is a generally observed phenomenon. However, studies that document thresholds beyond which internal resistance mechanisms …             Inhibition of hypothalamic MCT1 expression increases food intake and alters orexigenic and anorexigenic neuropeptide expression ▶     Roberto Elizondo-Vega, Christian Cortés-Campos, María José Barahona et al.     Hypothalamic glucosensing, which involves the detection of glucose concentration changes by brain cells and subsequent release of orexigenic or anorexigenic neuropeptides, is a …             Exercise protects against methamphetamine-induced aberrant neurogenesis ▶     Minseon Park, Harry Levine, Michal Toborek     While no effective therapy is available for the treatment of methamphetamine (METH)-induced neurotoxicity, aerobic exercise is being proposed to improve depressive symptoms and …             Cardiovascular Disease Chemogenomics Knowledgebase-guided Target Identification and Drug Synergy Mechanism Study of an Herbal Formula ▶     Hai Zhang, Shifan Ma, Zhiwei Feng et al.     Combination therapy is a popular treatment for various diseases in the clinic. Among the successful cases, Traditional Chinese Medicinal (TCM) formulae can achieve synergistic …             Temporal patterns in the soundscape of the shallow waters of a Mediterranean marine protected area ▶     Giuseppa Buscaino, Maria Ceraulo, Nadia Pieretti et al.     The study of marine soundscapes is an emerging field of research that contributes important information about biological compositions and environmental conditions. The seasonal …             In vivo formation of natural HgSe nanoparticles in the liver and brain of pilot whales ▶     Zuzana Gajdosechova, Mohammed M. Lawan, Dagmar S. Urgast et al.     To understand the biochemistry of methylmercury (MeHg) that leads to the formation of mercury-selenium (Hg-Se) clusters is a long outstanding challenge that promises to deepen …             Aguamiel concentrate from Agave salmiana and its extracted saponins attenuated obesity and hepatic steatosis and increased Akkermansia muciniphila in C57BL6 mice ▶     Ana María Leal-Díaz, Lilia G. Noriega, Ivan Torre-Villalvazo et al.     Obesity and its comorbidities are a severe public health problem worldwide. The use of bioactive compounds found in some foods has been demonstrated to ameliorate the metabolic …             Postnatal onset of retinal degeneration by loss of embryonic Ezh2 repression of Six1 ▶     Naihong Yan, Lin Cheng, Kinsang Cho et al.     Some adult-onset disorders may be linked to dysregulated embryonic development, yet the mechanisms underlying this association remain poorly understood. Congenital retinal …             RNA-seq analysis of the hypothalamic transcriptome reveals the networks regulating physiopathological progress in the diabetic GK rat ▶     Yuhuan Meng, Yujia Guan, Wenlu Zhang et al.     The Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rat is an animal model of non-obese type 2 diabetes (T2D). The GK rat was generated through the introduction of various genetic mutations from continuous …             18F-FLT Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a Pharmacodynamic Marker for EWS-FLI1 Activity and Ewing Sarcoma ▶     Christy L. Osgood, Mohammed N. Tantawy, Nichole Maloney et al.     Ewing sarcoma is a bone and soft-tissue tumor that depends on the activity of the EWS-FLI1 transcription factor for cell survival. Although a number of compounds have been shown …             Probiotic legacy effects on gut microbial assembly in tilapia larvae ▶     Christos Giatsis, Detmer Sipkema, Javier Ramiro-Garcia et al.     The exposure of fish to environmental free-living microbes and its effect on early colonization in the gut have been studied in recent years. However, little is known regarding …             The structure of a furin-antibody complex explains non-competitive inhibition by steric exclusion of substrate conformers ▶     Sven O. Dahms, John W. M. Creemers, Yvonne Schaub et al.     Proprotein Convertases (PCs) represent highly selective serine proteases that activate their substrates upon proteolytic cleavage. Their inhibition is a promising strategy for …             HydDB: A web tool for hydrogenase classification and analysis ▶     Dan Søndergaard, Christian N. S. Pedersen, Chris Greening     H2 metabolism is proposed to be the most ancient and diverse mechanism of energy-conservation. The metalloenzymes mediating this metabolism, hydrogenases, are encoded by over 60 …             Next Generation Sequencing of Pooled Samples: Guideline for Variants’ Filtering ▶     Santosh Anand, Eleonora Mangano, Nadia Barizzone et al.     Sequencing large number of individuals, which is often needed for population genetics studies, is still economically challenging despite falling costs of Next Generation …             Gene expression profiling reveals aryl hydrocarbon receptor as a possible target for photobiomodulation when using blue light ▶     Anja Becker, Anna Klapczynski, Natalia Kuch et al.     Photobiomodulation (PBM) with blue light induces a biphasic dose response curve in proliferation of immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT), with a maximum anti-proliferative …             Displacement correlations between a single mesenchymal-like cell and its nucleus effectively link subcellular activities and motility in cell migration analysis ▶     Tian Lan, Kai Cheng, Tina Ren et al.     Cell migration is an essential process in organism development and physiological maintenance. Although current methods permit accurate comparisons of the effects of molecular …             Leucine zipper-EF-hand containing transmembrane protein 1 (LETM1) forms a Ca2+/H+ antiporter ▶     Juan Shao, Zhenglin Fu, Yanli Ji et al.     Leucine zipper-EF-hand-containing transmembrane protein1 (LETM1) is located in the mitochondrial inner membrane and is defective in Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome. LETM1 contains only …             BK channel agonist represents a potential therapeutic approach for lysosomal storage diseases ▶     Xi Zoë Zhong, Xue Sun, Qi Cao et al.     Efficient lysosomal Ca2+ release plays an essential role in lysosomal trafficking. We have recently shown that lysosomal big conductance Ca2+-activated potassium (BK) channel …             Identification and molecular characterization of bacteriophage phiAxp-2 of Achromobacter xylosoxidans ▶     Erna Li, Zhe Yin, Yanyan Ma et al.     A novel Achromobacter xylosoxidans bacteriophage, phiAxp-2, was isolated from hospital sewage in China. The phage was morphologically and microbiologically characterized, and its …             An Automated Microwell Platform for Large-Scale Single Cell RNA-Seq ▶     Jinzhou Yuan, Peter A. Sims     Recent developments have enabled rapid, inexpensive RNA sequencing of thousands of individual cells from a single specimen, raising the possibility of unbiased and comprehensive …             Flow-induced HDAC1 phosphorylation and nuclear export in angiogenic sprouting ▶     Despina Bazou, Mei Rosa Ng, Jonathan W. Song et al.     Angiogenesis requires the coordinated growth and migration of endothelial cells (ECs), with each EC residing in the vessel wall integrating local signals to determine whether to …             Co-stimulation of HaCaT keratinization with mechanical stress and air-exposure using a novel 3D culture device ▶     Moon Hee Jung, Sang-Myung Jung, Hwa Sung Shin     Artificial skin or skin equivalents have been used for clinical purpose to skin graft and as substitutes for animal experiments. The culture of cell lines such as HaCaT has the …             Matrix viscoplasticity and its shielding by active mechanics in microtissue models: experiments and mathematical modeling ▶     Alan S. Liu, Hailong Wang, Craig R. Copeland et al.     The biomechanical behavior of tissues under mechanical stimulation is critically important to physiological function. We report a combined experimental and modeling study of …             Whole exome sequencing identified novel CRB1 mutations in Chinese and Indian populations with autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa ▶     Yin Yang, Yeming Yang, Lulin Huang et al.     Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a leading cause of inherited blindness characterized by progressive degeneration of the retinal photoreceptor cells. This study aims to identify …             Quantifying the biases in metagenome mining for realistic assessment of microbial ecology of naturally fermented foods ▶     Santosh Keisam, Wahengbam Romi, Giasuddin Ahmed et al.     Cultivation-independent investigation of microbial ecology is biased by the DNA extraction methods used. We aimed to quantify those biases by comparative analysis of the …             Animal choruses emerge from receiver psychology ▶     Michael D. Greenfield, Yareli Esquer-Garrigos, Réjane Streiff et al.     Synchrony and alternation in large animal choruses are often viewed as adaptations by which cooperating males increase their attractiveness to females or evade predators. …             A systems biology approach to defining regulatory mechanisms for cartilage and tendon cell phenotypes ▶     A. J. Mueller, S. R. Tew, O. Vasieva et al.     Phenotypic plasticity of adult somatic cells has provided emerging avenues for the development of regenerative therapeutics. In musculoskeletal biology the mechanistic regulatory …             Devitalisation of human cartilage by high hydrostatic pressure treatment: Subsequent cultivation of chondrocytes and mesenchymal stem cells on the devitalised tissue ▶     B. Hiemer, B. Genz, A. Jonitz-Heincke et al.     The regeneration of cartilage lesions still represents a major challenge. Cartilage has a tissue-specific architecture, complicating recreation by synthetic biomaterials. A novel …             Identifying anticancer peptides by using improved hybrid compositions ▶     Feng-Min Li, Xiao-Qian Wang     Cancer is one of the main causes of threats to human life. Identification of anticancer peptides is important for developing effective anticancer drugs. In this paper, we …             Reproductive switching analysis of Daphnia similoides between sexual female and parthenogenetic female by transcriptome comparison ▶     Ya-Nan Zhang, Xiu-Yun Zhu, Wen-Ping Wang et al.     The water flea Daphnia are planktonic crustaceans commonly found in freshwater environment that can switch their reproduction mode from parthenogenesis to sexual reproduction to …             Bartonella quintana lipopolysaccharide (LPS): structure and characteristics of a potent TLR4 antagonist for in-vitro and in-vivo applications ▶     Gosia Malgorzata-Miller, Lena Heinbockel, Klaus Brandenburg et al.     The pattern recognition receptor TLR4 is well known as a crucial receptor during infection and inflammation. Several TLR4 antagonists have been reported to inhibit the function …             Stretch Injury of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Derived Neurons in a 96 Well Format ▶     Sydney A. Sherman, Jack K. Phillips, J. Tighe Costa et al.     Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity with limited therapeutic options. Traumatic axonal injury (TAI) is an important component of TBI …             JMJD8 is a positive regulator of TNF-induced NF-κB signaling ▶     Kok Siong Yeo, Ming Cheang Tan, Wan Ying Wong et al.     TNF-induced signaling mediates pleiotropic biological consequences including inflammation, immunity, cell proliferation and apoptosis. Misregulation of TNF signaling has been …             Trackways Produced by Lungfish During Terrestrial Locomotion ▶     Peter L. Falkingham, Angela M. Horner     Some primarily aquatic vertebrates make brief forays onto land, creating traces as they do. A lack of studies on aquatic trackmakers raises the possibility that such traces may …             Individuals that are consistent in risk-taking benefit during collective foraging ▶     Christos C. Ioannou, Sasha R. X. Dall     It is well established that living in groups helps animals avoid predation and locate resources, but maintaining a group requires collective coordination, which can be difficult …             Interferon alpha inhibits spinal cord synaptic and nociceptive transmission via neuronal-glial interactions ▶     Chien-Cheng Liu, Yong-Jing Gao, Hao Luo et al.     It is well known that interferons (IFNs), such as type-I IFN (IFN-α) and type-II IFN (IFN-γ) are produced by immune cells to elicit antiviral effects. IFNs are also produced by …             Identifying and removing the cell-cycle effect from single-cell RNA-Sequencing data ▶     Martin Barron, Jun Li     Single-cell RNA-Sequencing (scRNA-Seq) is a revolutionary technique for discovering and describing cell types in heterogeneous tissues, yet its measurement of expression often …             High throughput cell-based assay for identification of glycolate oxidase inhibitors as a potential treatment for Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 1 ▶     Mengqiao Wang, Miao Xu, Yan Long et al.     Glycolate oxidase (GO) and alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT) are both involved in the peroxisomal glyoxylate pathway. Deficiency in AGT function causes the accumulation …             HB-GAM (pleiotrophin) reverses inhibition of neural regeneration by the CNS extracellular matrix ▶     Mikhail Paveliev, Keith K. Fenrich, Mikhail Kislin et al.     Chondroitin sulfate (CS) glycosaminoglycans inhibit regeneration in the adult central nervous system (CNS). We report here that HB-GAM (heparin-binding growth-associated …             Aberrant Meiotic Prophase I Leads to Genic Male Sterility in the Novel TE5A Mutant of Brassica napus ▶     Xiaohong Yan, Xinhua Zeng, Shasha Wang et al.     Genic male sterility (GMS) has already been extensively utilized for hybrid rapeseed production. TE5A is a novel thermo-sensitive dominant GMS line in Brassica napus, however, …             FAMSA: Fast and accurate multiple sequence alignment of huge protein families ▶     Sebastian Deorowicz, Agnieszka Debudaj-Grabysz, Adam Gudyś     Rapid development of modern sequencing platforms has contributed to the unprecedented growth of protein families databases. The abundance of sets containing hundreds of thousands …             Historical colonization and dispersal limitation supplement climate and topography in shaping species richness of African lizards (Reptilia: Agaminae) ▶     W. Daniel Kissling, Anne Blach-Overgaard, Roelof E. Zwaan et al.     To what extent deep-time dispersal limitation shapes present-day biodiversity at broad spatial scales remains elusive. Here, we compiled a continental dataset on the …             Cell-free synthesis of functional human epidermal growth factor receptor: Investigation of ligand-independent dimerization in Sf21 microsomal membranes using non-canonical amino acids ▶     Robert B. Quast, Biljana Ballion, Marlitt Stech et al.     Cell-free protein synthesis systems represent versatile tools for the synthesis and modification of human membrane proteins. In particular, eukaryotic cell-free systems provide a …             Microgravity induces proteomics changes involved in endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial protection ▶     Bryan J. Feger, J. Will Thompson, Laura G. Dubois et al.     On Earth, biological systems have evolved in response to environmental stressors, interactions dictated by physical forces that include gravity. The absence of gravity is an …             Control of cortex development by ULK4, a rare risk gene for mental disorders including schizophrenia ▶     Bing Lang, Lei Zhang, Guanyu Jiang et al.     Schizophrenia is a debilitating familial neuropsychiatric disorder which affects 1% of people worldwide. Although the heritability for schizophrenia approaches 80% only a small …             SMAR1 binds to T(C/G) repeat and inhibits tumor progression by regulating miR-371-373 cluster ▶     Jinumary Mathai, Smriti P. K. Mittal, Aftab Alam et al.     Chromatin architecture and dynamics are regulated by various histone and non-histone proteins. The matrix attachment region binding proteins (MARBPs) play a central role in …             Characterization of aerosols containing Legionella generated upon nebulization ▶     Séverine Allegra, Lara Leclerc, Pierre André Massard et al.     Legionella pneumophila is, by far, the species most frequently associated with Legionnaires’ disease (LD). Human infection occurs almost exclusively by aerosol inhalation which …             Water uptake mechanism and germination of Erythrina velutina seeds treated with atmospheric plasma ▶     Clodomiro Alves Junior, Jussier de Oliveira Vitoriano, Dinnara Layza Souza da Silva et al.     The effect of plasma applied to mulungu (Erythrina velutina) seeds was studied to verify its influence on the germination, water absorption, wettability and structure of the …             Effects of post-traumatic growth on the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex after a disaster ▶     Seishu Nakagawa, Motoaki Sugiura, Atsushi Sekiguchi et al.     The relating to others factor of post-traumatic growth (PTG), which involves mutual help and a strong sense of connection with humanity, is important for young people who are …             Onset of nonlinearity in a stochastic model for auto-chemotactic advancing epithelia ▶     Martine Ben Amar, Carlo Bianca     We investigate the role of auto-chemotaxis in the growth and motility of an epithelium advancing on a solid substrate. In this process, cells create their own chemoattractant …             Acquisition of natural humoral immunity to P. falciparum in early life in Benin: impact of clinical, environmental and host factors ▶     Célia Dechavanne, Ibrahim Sadissou, Aziz Bouraima et al.     To our knowledge, effects of age, placental malaria infection, infections during follow-up, nutritional habits, sickle-cell trait and individual exposure to Anopheles bites were …             Experimental factors affecting the robustness of DNA methylation analysis ▶     Heidi D. Pharo, Hilde Honne, Hege M. Vedeld et al.     Diverging methylation frequencies are often reported for the same locus in the same disease, underscoring the need for limiting technical variability in DNA methylation analyses. …             Genome-wide association study suggests common variants within RP11-634B7.4 gene influencing severe pre-treatment pain in head and neck cancer patients ▶     Cielito C. Reyes-Gibby, Jian Wang, Mary Rose T. Silvas et al.     Pain is often one of the first signs of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC). Pain at diagnosis is an important prognostic marker for the development of chronic …             Sanguisorba officinalis L synergistically enhanced 5-fluorouracil cytotoxicity in colorectal cancer cells by promoting a reactive oxygen species-mediated, mitochondria-caspase-dependent apoptotic pathway ▶     Meng-ping Liu, Min Liao, Cong Dai et al.     Sanguisorba officinalis L. radix is a widely used herb called DiYu (DY) in China and has an extensive range of bioactivities, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and …             Combination treatment with decitabine and ionizing radiation enhances tumor cells susceptibility of T cells ▶     Cheol-Hun Son, Hong-Rae Lee, Eun-Kyoung Koh et al.     Decitabine has been found to have anti-metabolic and anti-tumor activities in various tumor cells. Recently, the use of decitabine in combination with other conventional …             Biocompatibility and biodistribution of functionalized carbon nano-onions (f-CNOs) in a vertebrate model ▶     Marta d’ Amora, Marina Rodio, Juergen Bartelmess et al.     Functionalized carbon nano-onions (f-CNOs) are of great interest as platforms for imaging, diagnostic and therapeutic applications due to their high cellular uptake and low …             Endothelial to mesenchymal transition contributes to arsenic-trioxide-induced cardiac fibrosis ▶     Yong Zhang, Xianxian Wu, Yang Li et al.     Emerging evidence has suggested the critical role of endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT) in fibrotic diseases. The present study was designed to examine whether EndMT …             Monocytic MKP-1 is a Sensor of the Metabolic Environment and Regulates Function and Phenotypic Fate of Monocyte-Derived Macrophages in Atherosclerosis ▶     Hong Seok Kim, Sina Tavakoli, Leigh Ann Piefer et al.     Diabetes promotes the S-glutathionylation, inactivation and subsequent degradation of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1 (MKP-1) in blood monocytes, and hematopoietic …             Gram Negative Bacterial Inflammation Ameliorated by the Plasma Protein Beta 2-Glycoprotein I ▶     Saijun Zhou, Gang Chen, Miao Qi et al.     Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a major component of the outer wall of gram negative bacteria. In high doses LPS contributes to the inflammation in gram negative sepsis, and in low …             Caloric restriction promotes cell survival in a mouse model of normal tension glaucoma ▶     Xiaoli Guo, Atsuko Kimura, Yuriko Azuchi et al.     Glaucoma is characterized by progressive degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons. We previously reported that loss of glutamate transporters (EAAC1 or …             A roller-like bird (Coracii) from the Early Eocene of Denmark ▶     Estelle Bourdon, Anette V. Kristoffersen, Niels Bonde     The fossil record of crown group birds (Neornithes) prior to the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary is scarce and fragmentary. Early Cenozoic bird fossils are more abundant, but are …             Coupling of radiofrequency with magnetic nanoparticles treatment as an alternative physical antibacterial strategy against multiple drug resistant bacteria ▶     Akhilesh K. Chaurasia, Nanasaheb D. Thorat, Anshula Tandon et al.     Antibiotic resistant bacteria not only affect human health and but also threatens the safety in hospitals and among communities. However, the emergence of drug resistant bacteria …             CD16 is indispensable for antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity by human monocytes ▶     Wei Hseun Yeap, Kok Loon Wong, Noriko Shimasaki et al.     Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) is exerted by immune cells expressing surface Fcγ receptors (FcγRs) against cells coated with antibody, such as virus-infected or …             Arachidonic acid mediates the formation of abundant alpha-helical multimers of alpha-synuclein ▶     Marija Iljina, Laura Tosatto, Minee L. Choi et al.     The protein alpha-synuclein (αS) self-assembles into toxic beta-sheet aggregates in Parkinson’s disease, while it is proposed that αS forms soluble alpha-helical multimers in …             Reproductive toxicity and gender differences induced by cadmium telluride quantum dots in an invertebrate model organism ▶     Si-Qi Yan, Rui Xing, Yan-Feng Zhou et al.     Sexual glands are key sites affected by nanotoxicity, but there is no sensitive assay for measuring reproductive toxicity in animals. The aim of this study was to investigate the …             DNA methylation profile of triple negative breast cancer-specific genes comparing lymph node positive patients to lymph node negative patients ▶     Andrea Mathe, Michelle Wong-Brown, Warwick J. Locke et al.     Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive breast cancer subtype with no targeted treatment available. 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