Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology contents November 2016 Volume 17 Number 11 pp 675-735

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
November 2016 Volume 17 Number 11		Advertisement
2015 2-year Impact Factor 38.602 Journal Metrics 2-year Median 30	In this issue Research Highlights Reviews Also this month  Featured article: Slowing ageing by design: the rise of NAD+ and sirtuin-activating compounds Michael S. Bonkowski & David A. Sinclair	The Naturejobs Career Expo is returning to Düsseldorf.   Friday 18, November 2016 This free career fair offers talented scientists an excellent opportunity to meet a diverse selection of national and international employers from academic institutions and scientific industries, such as pharmaceutical organisations, digital technology companies, science publishing and much more.  Register free today!
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS Top RNA decay: Dhh1p condemns mRNAs with non-optimal codons to decay p675 | doi:10.1038/nrm.2016.136 In budding yeast, the association of Dhh1p with ribosomes on mRNAs enriched in non-optimal codons mediates their decay. PDF Gene expression: Reading protein acetylation p676 | doi:10.1038/nrm.2016.137 SET specifically binds to the unacetylated form of p53 to repress p53-mediated transcriptional activation. PDF In the news p676 | doi:10.1038/nrm.2016.141 Elucidation of the mechanisms of autophagy and the work on designing molecular machines have been awarded with a 2016 Nobel Prize, in the fields of Physiology or Medicine and in Chemistry, respectively. PDF Genome stability: Cyclin' on mRNA p676 | doi:10.1038/nrm.2016.142 Cyclin A2 ensures accurate chromosome segregation through cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) activation, and proper DNA replication and repair through previously uncharacterized kinase-independent RNA-binding activity. PDF Cytoskeleton: Patching up microtubule growth p677 | doi:10.1038/nrm.2016.131 Microtubule depolymerization can be arrested and growth rescued at sites where the lattice is self-repaired following local damage. PDF Organelle dynamics: Sizing mitochondria with phospholipids p678 | doi:10.1038/nrm.2016.133 The lipid composition of the mitochondrial membrane, in particular, synthesis of phosphatidic acid, regulates mitochondrial size by modulating fusion and fission cycles. PDF JOURNAL CLUB Origins of mass spectrometry-based proteomics p678 | doi:10.1038/nrm.2016.135 Matthias Mann describes a 1992 paper by Donald Hunt and colleagues that revolutionized the use of mass spectrometry in molecular biology. PDF
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REVIEWS		Top
Slowing ageing by design: the rise of NAD+ and sirtuin-activating compounds Michael S. Bonkowski & David A. Sinclair p679 | doi:10.1038/nrm.2016.93 Sirtuins are NAD+-dependent protein deacylases that can reverse various aspects of ageing in model organisms. Trials in non-human primates and humans indicate that sirtuin-activating compounds (STACs) and NAD+ precursors are safe and effective in treating inflammatory and metabolic disorders, thereby holding great potential to treat various diseases and to extend lifespan in humans. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Supplementary information
Control of brown and beige fat development Wenshan Wang & Patrick Seale p691 | doi:10.1038/nrm.2016.96 Brown adipocytes (which reside in brown adipose tissue) and beige adipocytes (which develop in white adipose tissue in response to cold) expend energy to produce heat and are therefore important in regulating body temperature and body weight. Recent studies provide insights into the developmental origins of brown and beige adipocytes and into the regulation of their differentiation and function. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Supplementary information
Roles of eukaryotic topoisomerases in transcription, replication and genomic stability Yves Pommier, Yilun Sun, Shar-yin N. Huang & John L. Nitiss p703 | doi:10.1038/nrm.2016.111 Topoisomerases introduce transient DNA breaks to relax supercoiled DNA, thereby mediating chromatin dynamics and stability, transcription, replication and DNA damage repair. Topoisomerases are targets of various anticancer drugs, and their deregulation can cause, in addition to cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and immune disorders. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Supplementary information
Notch signalling in context Sarah J. Bray p722 | doi:10.1038/nrm.2016.94 The Notch signalling pathway functions in many processes [mdash] from developmental patterning to cell growth and cell death. As the complexity of Notch signalling regulation is being unravelled at the levels of cell-surface ligand-receptor interactions and of gene expression, we are gaining a deeper understanding of how this conserved pathway can lead to such diverse cellular responses. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
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Nature Outlook: Lysosomal Storage Disorders Lysosomal storage disorders are individually rare but collectively common. The study of these diseases is not only leading to better treatments, but also revealing many of the secrets of this underappreciated organelle.   Access the Outlook >  Produced with support from:  Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Ultragenyx Pharmaceutical Inc. Produced with support of a grant from: Shire plc BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc
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*2015 Journal Citation Reports (Thomson Reuters, 2016)

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