Nature Immunology Contents: November 2016 Volume 17 pp 1237 - 1333

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Advertisement Call for Epigenetics Collaborations MRC Technology, AstraZeneca, Asthma UK and the British Lung Foundation are funding collaborations on epigenetic targets to develop novel therapies for respiratory disease including asthma and COPD. We're interested in hearing from researchers who've identified epigenetic pathways/targets involved in respiratory disease or immune regulation. Deadline: 31 Oct 2016 Click here  TABLE OF CONTENTS November 2016 Volume 17, Issue 11 News and Views Research Highlights Review Articles Advertisement For essential cell health data you need on a routine basis, there isn't always time for the relaxed pace of the Western. Apoptosis. Oxidative stress. Cell cycle effects. Viability. Get quantitative, single-cell results in a fraction of the time needed for traditional immunoassays. Simple, rapid assessment of critical cell events on your benchtop with the Muse® cell analyzer. See how it works — Watch video Subscribe   Facebook   RSS   Recommend to library   Twitter   Advertisement The Naturejobs Career Expo is returning to Düsseldorf.  Friday 18, November 2016 This free career fair offers talented scientists an excellent opportunity to meet a diverse selection of national and international employers from academic institutions and scientific industries, such as pharmaceutical organisations, digital technology companies, science publishing and much more.  Register free today!     Advertisement Nature Reviews Cancer Focus on Tumour Metabolism This Focus explores the dynamic and varied metabolism in tumour cells, discussing the importance of these pathways for many tumorigenic processes, such as tumour progression, survival, growth, epigenetic changes and how these can be translated to the clinic.  Access the Focus free online. Produced with support from Agios Pharmaceuticals, Inc.     Advertisement The Naturejobs Career Expo is returning to Düsseldorf.  Friday 18, November 2016 This free career fair offers talented scientists an excellent opportunity to meet a diverse selection of national and international employers from academic institutions and scientific industries, such as pharmaceutical organisations, digital technology companies, science publishing and much more.  Register free today!     News and Views Top Immunity without innate lymphoid cells   pp1237 - 1238 Robert Weinkove, Kara Filbey and Graham Le Gros doi:10.1038/ni.3567 A cohort of immunodeficient children lead near-normal lives after bone marrow transplantation, despite a profound deficiency of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). See also: Article by Vély et al. How MAIT cells get their start   pp1238 - 1240 Haiguang Wang and Kristin A Hogquist doi:10.1038/ni.3584 By taking advantage of an MR1 tetramer to accurately detect mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells in both mice and humans, researchers defined the thymic development of MAIT cells. See also: Article by Koay et al. Glioma and microglia, a double entendre   pp1240 - 1242 Korneel Grauwet and E Antonio Chiocca doi:10.1038/ni.3586 Microglia are important facilitators of glioma proliferation and invasion. An important component of this process seems to be glioma-mediated suppression of microglial activation via S-nitrosylation of microglial caspase-3. See also: Article by Shen et al. Immunology JOBS of the week Postdoctoral Fellow / Microbiology, Immunology & Biochemistry The University of Tennessee Health Science Center Postdoctoral Fellowship Immunology BRIGHAM AND WOMEN’S HOSPITAL HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL Postdoc in Immunology Klinikum der Universität München (3) Faculty Positions in Immunology Ohio State University MicroSurgeon Position in Transplant Immunology Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute More Science jobs from Immunology EVENT Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy: Taking a Place in Mainstream Oncology 19th March - 23rd March 2017 Whistler, Canada More science events from Research Highlights Top Allergy in Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome | Caloric restriction and type 2 immunity | Hypoxic germinal centers | Compartmentalized selection | Negative control of TFH cells | Bile acids block NLRP3 Review Top Epithelial glycosylation in gut homeostasis and inflammation   pp1244 - 1251 Yoshiyuki Goto, Satoshi Uematsu and Hiroshi Kiyono doi:10.1038/ni.3587 Epithelial cells of the gut are heavily glycosylated. Kiyono and colleagues review the evidence for the importance of this glycosylation to immunity, host-microbiome interactions and immunopathology. Advertisement Open for Submissions  Online-only and open access, npj Primary Care Respiratory Medicine is the only fully-indexed scientific journal devoted to the management of respiratory diseases in primary care. Explore the benefits of submitting your next research article.   Articles Top Infection-specific phosphorylation of glutamyl-prolyl tRNA synthetase induces antiviral immunity   pp1252 - 1262 Eun-Young Lee, Hyun-Cheol Lee, Hyun-Kwan Kim, Song Yee Jang, Seong-Jun Park et al. doi:10.1038/ni.3542 tRNA synthetases are essential to protein synthesis. Kim and colleagues identify a non-translational function for glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase during viral infection that promotes the anti-viral activity of the antiviral signaling protein MAVS. CCL19-CCR7-dependent reverse transendothelial migration of myeloid cells clears Chlamydia muridarum from the arterial intima   pp1263 - 1272 Mark Roufaiel, Eric Gracey, Allan Siu, Su-Ning Zhu, Andrew Lau et al. doi:10.1038/ni.3564 Cybulsky and colleagues show that myeloid cells in the arterial intima undergo reverse transendothelial migration into the arterial circulation that is dependent on the chemokine CCL19 and its receptor CCR7. The mucin MUC1 modulates the tumor immunological microenvironment through engagement of the lectin Siglec-9   pp1273 - 1281 Richard Beatson, Virginia Tajadura-Ortega, Daniela Achkova, Gianfranco Picco, Theodora-Dorita Tsourouktsoglou et al. doi:10.1038/ni.3552 Tumor cells commonly express abnormally glycosylated glycoproteins such as MUC1. Burchell and colleagues show that tumor-specific MUC1-ST interacts with the lectin Siglec-9 on myeloid cells and induces their conversion into suppressive tumor-associated macrophages. Glioma-induced inhibition of caspase-3 in microglia promotes a tumor-supportive phenotype   pp1282 - 1290 Xianli Shen, Miguel A Burguillos, Ahmed M Osman, Jeroen Frijhoff, Alejandro Carrillo-Jiménez et al. doi:10.1038/ni.3545 Gliomas recruit and manipulate microglial function to promote their growth. Joseph and colleagues reveal the molecular basis of this manipulation by showing that gliomas trigger S-nitrosylation of microglial caspase-3 and thereby initiate a tumor-promoting phenotype. See also: News and Views by Grauwet & Chiocca Evidence of innate lymphoid cell redundancy in humans   pp1291 - 1299 Frédéric Vély, Vincent Barlogis, Blandine Vallentin, Bénédicte Neven, Christelle Piperoglou et al. doi:10.1038/ni.3553 The importance of human innate lymphoid cells to normal human physiology is unclear. Vivier and colleagues find that immunodeficient patients 'rescued' with normal bone marrow can recover their T cells but not their innate lymphoid cells, yet remain entirely asymptomatic for nearly 40 years. See also: News and Views by Weinkove et al. A three-stage intrathymic development pathway for the mucosal-associated invariant T cell lineage   pp1300 - 1311 Hui-Fern Koay, Nicholas A Gherardin, Anselm Enders, Liyen Loh, Laura K Mackay et al. doi:10.1038/ni.3565 Godfrey, Pellicci and colleagues define the developmental stages and checkpoints for the development of mucosal-associated invariant T cells in humans and mice. See also: News and Views by Wang & Hogquist The ubiquitin ligase Huwe1 regulates the maintenance and lymphoid commitment of hematopoietic stem cells   pp1312 - 1321 Bryan King, Francesco Boccalatte, Kelly Moran-Crusio, Elmar Wolf, Jingjing Wang et al. doi:10.1038/ni.3559 The longevity of hematopoietic stem cells requires strict regulation to prevent their exhaustion. Aifantis and colleagues show that the ubiquitin E3 ligase Huwe1 is needed to suppress the activity of the transcription factor N-myc and maintain the quiescence and function of these cells. An essential role for the IL-2 receptor in Treg cell function   pp1322 - 1333 Takatoshi Chinen, Arun K Kannan, Andrew G Levine, Xiying Fan, Ulf Klein et al. doi:10.1038/ni.3540 The cytokine receptor IL-2R is essential for the development of Treg cells; therefore, it has been difficult to separate this from its role in the suppressive function of Treg cells. Rudensky and colleagues use various genetic systems to show that capture of IL-2 by IL-2R is important for suppression of CD8+ T cells but not that of CD4+ T cells. 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