Scientific Reports Earth Sciences Table of Contents e-alert: 8 March 2016

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08 March 2016      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports               All content now free to access including archives! Nature Communications is an open access journal that publishes high-quality research from all areas of the natural sciences. Papers published by the journal represent important advances of significance to specialists within each subject area including the Earth Sciences.   Visit the website to explore ALL the content available within your field.                 Earth & Environmental Sciences               Experimental and theoretical thermal equations of state of MgSiO3 post-perovskite at multi-megabar pressures ▶     Takeshi Sakai, Haruhiko Dekura, Naohisa Hirao     The MgSiO3 post-perovskite phase is the most abundant silicate phase in a super-Earth’s mantle, although it only exists within the Earth’s lowermost mantle. In this study, we …             Erionite-Na upon heating: dehydration dynamics and exchangeable cations mobility ▶     Paolo Ballirano, Alessandro Pacella     Erionite is a fibrous zeolite significantly more tumorigenic than crocidolite asbestos upon inhalation. In recent years, several papers have been published aimed at …             Fabrication of BiOBrxI1−x photocatalysts with tunable visible light catalytic activity by modulating band structures ▶     Xing Zhang, Chu-Ya Wang, Li-Wei Wang et al.     A series of BiOBrxI1−x solid solutions were explored as novel visible light-sensitive photocatalysts. These BiOBrxI1−x solid-solution photocatalysts grew into two-dimensional …             Formation and Geological Sequestration of Uranium Nanoparticles in Deep Granitic Aquifer ▶     Yohey Suzuki, Hiroki Mukai, Toyoho Ishimura et al.     The stimulation of bacterial activities that convert hexavalent uranium, U(VI), to tetravalent uranium, U(IV), appears to be feasible for cost-effective remediation of …             Immobilizing photogenerated electrons from graphitic carbon nitride for an improved visible-light photocatalytic activity ▶     Han Sun, Yue Cao, Leiyu Feng et al.     Reducing the recombination probability of photogenerated electrons and holes is pivotal in enhancing the photocatalytic ability of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4). Speeding the …             Soil gross nitrogen transformations along the Northeast China Transect (NECT) and their response to simulated rainfall events ▶     Jin-bo Zhang, Liang Wang, Wei Zhao et al.     Climate changes are predicted to increase extreme rainfall events in semiarid and arid region in Northern Hemisphere. Nutrient cycles will be affected by the precipitation …             Spatial distribution and source apportionment of PFASs in surface sediments from five lake regions, China ▶     Yanjie Qi, Shouliang Huo, Beidou Xi et al.     Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have been found in environment globally. However, studies on PFAS occurrence in sediments of lakes or reservoirs remain relatively scarce. In …             Dragon kings of the deep sea: marine particles deviate markedly from the common number-size spectrum ▶     Alexander B. Bochdansky, Melissa A. Clouse, Gerhard J. Herndl     Particles are the major vector for the transfer of carbon from the upper ocean to the deep sea. However, little is known about their abundance, composition and role at depths …             Holocene ice marginal fluctuations of the Qassimiut lobe in South Greenland ▶     Nicolaj K. Larsen, Jesper Find, Anders Kristensen et al.     Knowledge about the Holocene evolution of the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) is important to put the recent observations of ice loss into a longer-term perspective. In this study, we …             H/C atomic ratio as a smart linkage between pyrolytic temperatures, aromatic clusters and sorption properties of biochars derived from diverse precursory materials ▶     Xin Xiao, Zaiming Chen, Baoliang Chen     Biochar is increasingly gaining attention due to multifunctional roles in soil amelioration, pollution mitigation and carbon sequestration. It is a significant challenge to …             Atlantic SSTs control regime shifts in forest fire activity of Northern Scandinavia ▶     Igor Drobyshev, Yves Bergeron, Anne de Vernal et al.     Understanding the drivers of the boreal forest fire activity is challenging due to the complexity of the interactions driving fire regimes. We analyzed drivers of forest fire …             A remote-controlled generation of gold@polydopamine (core@shell) nanoparticles via physical-chemical stimuli of polydopamine/gold composites ▶     Yi Seul Lee, Ji Young Bae, Hye Young Koo et al.     We present the synthesis of polydopamine particle-gold composites (PdopP-Au) and unique release of Au@Pdop core@shell nanoparticles (NPs) from the PdopP-Au upon external stimuli. …             Virus infection mediates the effects of elevated CO2 on plants and vectors ▶     Piotr Trębicki, Rebecca K. Vandegeer, Nilsa A. Bosque-Pérez et al.     Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration has increased significantly and is projected to double by 2100. To increase current food production levels, understanding how pests …             Dust Rains Deliver Diverse Assemblages of Microorganisms to the Eastern Mediterranean ▶     Ghida Nouhad Itani, Colin Andrew Smith     Dust rains may be particularly effective at delivering microorganisms, yet their biodiversities have been seldom examined. During 2011 and 2012 in Beirut, Lebanon, 16 of 21 …             The water-land-food nexus of first-generation biofuels ▶     Maria Cristina Rulli, Davide Bellomi, Andrea Cazzoli et al.     Recent energy security strategies, investment opportunities and energy policies have led to an escalation in biofuel consumption at the expenses of food crops and pastureland. To …             Habitat-based cetacean density models for the U.S. Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico ▶     Jason J. Roberts, Benjamin D. Best, Laura Mannocci et al.     Cetaceans are protected worldwide but vulnerable to incidental harm from an expanding array of human activities at sea. Managing potential hazards to these highly-mobile …             A distinct and active bacterial community in cold oxygenated fluids circulating beneath the western flank of the Mid-Atlantic ridge ▶     Julie L. Meyer, Ulrike Jaekel, Benjamin J. Tully et al.     The rock-hosted, oceanic crustal aquifer is one of the largest ecosystems on Earth, yet little is known about its indigenous microorganisms. Here we provide the first …             Directly Predicting Water Quality Criteria from Physicochemical Properties of Transition Metals ▶     Ying Wang, Fengchang Wu, Yunsong Mu et al.     Transition metals are a group of elements widespread in aquatic environments that can be hazardous when concentrations exceeding threshold values. Due to insufficient data, …             Linkage Between Hourly Precipitation Events and Atmospheric Temperature Changes over China during the Warm Season ▶     Chiyuan Miao, Qiaohong Sun, Alistair G. L. Borthwick et al.     We investigated changes in the temporospatial features of hourly precipitation during the warm season over mainland China. The frequency and amount of hourly precipitation …             Tracking the migration of the Indian continent using the carbonate clumped isotope technique on Phanerozoic soil carbonates ▶     Prosenjit Ghosh, Mikhail V. Vasiliev, Parthasarathi Ghosh et al.     Approximately 140 million years ago, the Indian plate separated from Gondwana and migrated by almost 90° latitude to its current location, forming the Himalayan-Tibetan system. …             Extraterritorial hunting expeditions to intense fire scars by feral cats ▶     Hugh W. McGregor, Sarah Legge, Menna E. Jones et al.     Feral cats are normally territorial in Australia’s tropical savannahs, and hunt intensively with home-ranges only two to three kilometres across. Here we report that they also …             Experimental constraints on light elements in the Earth’s outer core ▶     Youjun Zhang, Toshimori Sekine, Hongliang He et al.     Earth’s outer core is liquid and dominantly composed of iron and nickel (~5–10 wt%). Its density, however, is ~8% lower than that of liquid iron, and requires the presence of a …             The Solar Spectrum in the Atacama Desert ▶     R. R. Cordero, A. Damiani, G. Seckmeyer et al.     The Atacama Desert has been pointed out as one of the places on earth where the highest surface irradiance may occur. This area is characterized by its high altitude, prevalent …             Costs and trade-offs of grazer-induced defenses in Scenedesmus under deficient resource ▶     Xuexia Zhu, Jun Wang, Qinwen Chen et al.     The green alga Scenedesmus obliquus can form inducible defensive morphs under grazing threat. Costs and trade-offs of inducible defense are expected to accompany the benefits of …             Seafloor doming driven by degassing processes unveils sprouting volcanism in coastal areas ▶     Salvatore Passaro, Stella Tamburrino, Mattia Vallefuoco et al.     We report evidences of active seabed doming and gas discharge few kilometers offshore from the Naples harbor (Italy). Pockmarks, mounds, and craters characterize the seabed. …             Extremely large fractionation of Li isotopes in a chromitite-bearing mantle sequence ▶     Ben-Xun Su, Mei-Fu Zhou, Paul T. Robinson     We report Li isotopic compositions of olivine from the mantle sequence of the Luobusa ophiolite, southern Tibet. The olivine in the Luobusa ophiolite has Li concentrations from …             Environmental stochasticity controls soil erosion variability ▶     Jongho Kim, Valeriy Y. Ivanov, Simone Fatichi     Understanding soil erosion by water is essential for a range of research areas but the predictive skill of prognostic models has been repeatedly questioned because of scale …             On a Possible Unified Scaling Law for Volcanic Eruption Durations ▶     Flavio Cannavò, Giuseppe Nunnari     Volcanoes constitute dissipative systems with many degrees of freedom. Their eruptions are the result of complex processes that involve interacting chemical-physical systems. At …             Ambient air pollution and years of life lost in Ningbo, China ▶     Tianfeng He, Zuyao Yang, Tao Liu et al.     To evaluate the burden of air pollution on years of life lost (YLL) in addition to mortality, we conducted a time series analysis based on the data on air pollution, …             Using species distribution modeling to delineate the botanical richness patterns and phytogeographical regions of China ▶     Ming-Gang Zhang, J. W. Ferry Slik, Ke-Ping Ma     The millions of plant specimens that have been collected and stored in Chinese herbaria over the past ~110 years have recently been digitized and geo-referenced. Here we use this …             An investigation of the effects of stage of ensilage on Nassella neesiana seeds, for reducing seed viability and injury to livestock ▶     S. L. Weller, S. K. Florentine, J. F. Sillitoe et al.     The noxious weed Nassella neesiana is established on a wide range of productive land throughout southeastern Australia. N. neesiana seeds, when mature, are sharp, causing injury …             Improved estimation of hydraulic conductivity by combining stochastically simulated hydrofacies with geophysical data ▶     Lin Zhu, Huili Gong, Yun Chen et al.     Hydraulic conductivity is a major parameter affecting the output accuracy of groundwater flow and transport models. The most commonly used semi-empirical formula for estimating …             Differential controls on soil carbon density and mineralization among contrasting forest types in a temperate forest ecosystem ▶     Ye-Ming You, Juan Wang, Xiao-Lu Sun et al.     Understanding the controls on soil carbon dynamics is crucial for modeling responses of ecosystem carbon balance to global change, yet few studies provide explicit knowledge on …             NO2 inhalation promotes Alzheimer’s disease-like progression: cyclooxygenase-2-derived prostaglandin E2 modulation and monoacylglycerol lipase inhibition-targeted medication ▶     Wei Yan, Yang Yun, Tingting Ku et al.     Air pollution has been reported to be associated with increased risks of cognitive impairment and neurodegenerative diseases. 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