Nature Communications - 23 September 2015

Advertisement Sputtered Metal Deep-UV Interference Filters Manufactured using single substrates of UV-grade fused silica and backed by warranty, these filters are available in 11 different passbands in a wide range of sizes, from 2mm-200mm. Laser damage thresholds >0.15 J/cm2 using a 355nm laser (10 ns pulse, 10 Hz), and suffer no degradation after 2 hours @ 300ºC. www.chroma.com     Weekly Content Alert Nature Communications is now fully open access. Read more. 23 September 2015  Featured image: Abelmann et al. investigate Southern Ocean sea ice zone surface-subsurface processes using opal-derived oxygen and silicon isotopes. Latest content: Articles Corrigendum Erratum Advertisement To advance your research, it's critical that you see everything the tumor has to show you. With our Cancer Immunology & Immunotherapy Research Solutions, you can detect, measure, visualize, and compare multiple immune-cell phenotypes simultaneously in FFPE tissue - in the same tumor and its microenvironment. Journal homepage Recommend to library Web feed   Advertisement Announcing Nature Reviews Materials Launching in January 2016, Nature Reviews Materials aims to cover the making, measuring, modelling and manufacturing of materials - thus, looking at materials science throughout the pipeline of laboratory discovery to functional device. Nature Reviews Materials will provide timely and authoritative Reviews and Perspectives, written by leading researchers in their fields.  Visit for further details.        Latest Articles View all Articles     Genome-wide association study identifies new susceptibility loci for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in Chinese girls OPEN Zezhang Zhu, Nelson Leung-Sang Tang, Leilei Xu, Xiaodong Qin, Saihu Mao, Yueming Song, Limin Liu, Fangcai Li, Peng Liu, Long Yi, Jiang Chang, Long Jiang, Bobby Kin-Wah Ng, Benlong Shi, Wen Zhang, Jun Qiao, Xu Sun, Xusheng Qiu, Zhou Wang, Fei Wang et al. The authors perform a genome-wide association study of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients of Han Chinese descent, and identify 3 new loci for disease susceptibility. 22 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9355 Biological Sciences  Genetics  Baleen whales host a unique gut microbiome with similarities to both carnivores and herbivores OPEN Jon G. Sanders, Annabel C. Beichman, Joe Roman, Jarrod J. Scott, David Emerson, James J. McCarthy and Peter R. Girguis Diet is a major factor determining the composition of gut microbiota in mammals, while host evolutionary history seems to play an unclear role. Here, Sanders et al. show that baleen whales, which prey on animals, harbour a unique gut microbiome with similarities to those of terrestrial herbivores. 22 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9285 Biological Sciences  Ecology  Evolution  Microbiology  International genome-wide meta-analysis identifies new primary biliary cirrhosis risk loci and targetable pathogenic pathways OPEN Heather J. Cordell, Younghun Han, George F. Mells, Yafang Li, Gideon M. Hirschfield, Casey S. Greene, Gang Xie, Brian D. Juran, Dakai Zhu, David C. Qian, James A. B. Floyd, Katherine I. Morley, Daniele Prati, Ana Lleo, Daniele Cusi, Canadian-US PBC Consortium, Erik M Schlicht, Craig Lammert, Elizabeth J Atkinson, Landon L Chan et al. Primary biliary cirrhosis is an autoimmune liver disease with poor therapeutic options. Here Cordell et al. a perform meta-analysis of European genome-wide association studies identifying six novel risk loci and a number of potential therapeutic pathways. 22 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9019 Biological Sciences  Genetics  Immunology  Platinum–nickel frame within metal-organic framework fabricated in situ for hydrogen enrichment and molecular sieving OPEN Zhi Li, Rong Yu, Jinglu Huang, Yusheng Shi, Diyang Zhang, Xiaoyan Zhong, Dingsheng Wang, Yuen Wu and Yadong Li Catalysts with improved hydrogen activation and substrate adsorption are required for advanced hydrogenation applications. Here, the authors fabricate metal organic framework coated platinum–nickel catalyst exhibiting enhanced hydrogenation activity and substrate selectivity due to molecular sieving effects. 22 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9248 Chemical Sciences  Catalysis  Inorganic chemistry  Materials science  Role of T-cell reconstitution in HIV-1 antiretroviral therapy-induced bone loss Ighovwerha Ofotokun, Kehmia Titanji, Tatyana Vikulina, Susanne Roser-Page, Masayoshi Yamaguchi, Majd Zayzafoon, Ifor R. Williams and M. Neale Weitzmann HIV infection causes significant bone loss, which is worsened by antiretroviral therapy (ART). Here, the authors use a mouse model to show that T cell repopulation and/or immune reactivation after ART leads to complex inflammatory effects driving bone turnover and bone loss. 22 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9282 Biological Sciences  Immunology  Medical research  Virology  Circularly polarized light detection with hot electrons in chiral plasmonic metamaterials OPEN Wei Li, Zachary J. Coppens, Lucas V. Besteiro, Wenyi Wang, Alexander O. Govorov and Jason Valentine Analysis and detection of circularly polarized light involves the use of multiple optical elements. Here, the authors demonstrate an ultracompact circularly polarized light detector using chiral plasmonic metamaterials with hot electron injection, realizing its implementation on an integrated photonic platform. 22 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9379 Physical Sciences  Materials science  Nanotechnology  Optical physics  Experimental observation of N00N state Bloch oscillations OPEN Maxime Lebugle, Markus Gräfe, René Heilmann, Armando Perez-Leija, Stefan Nolte and Alexander Szameit Bloch oscillations consist of periodic spreading and relocalization of particle wave functions, but have been so far observed only in separable states. Here the authors observe them for two-photon N00N states in integrated photonic circuits, revealing transitions from particle bunching to anitbunching. 22 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9273 Physical Sciences  Optical physics  Theoretical physics  Cis-eQTL analysis and functional validation of candidate susceptibility genes for high-grade serous ovarian cancer OPEN Kate Lawrenson, Qiyuan Li, Siddhartha Kar, Ji-Heui Seo, Jonathan Tyrer, Tassja J. Spindler, Janet Lee, Yibu Chen, Alison Karst, Ronny Drapkin, Katja K. H. Aben, Hoda Anton-Culver, Natalia Antonenkova, Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, David Bowtell, Penelope M. Webb, Anna deFazio, Helen Baker, Elisa V. Bandera, Yukie Bean et al. Genome-wide association studies have identified regions which confer risk of high-grade serous epithelial ovarian cancer. Here the authors use expression quantitative train locus analysis to identify candidate genes and functionally characterise them, identifying a role for HOXD9 in ovarian cancer. 22 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9234 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Genetics  Sub-microWatt threshold nanoisland lasers OPEN Hoon Jang, Indra Karnadi, Putu Pramudita, Jung-Hwan Song, Ki Soo Kim and Yong-Hee Lee Low threshold power is required for the application of lasers in photonic integrated circuits in order to reduce power consumption. Here Jang et al. propose and demonstrate a nanoisland quantum well laser operating at room temperature with an ultralow threshold of 210 nW absorbed at 980 nm. 22 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9276 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Nanotechnology  Optical physics  An insight into non-emissive excited states in conjugated polymers OPEN Zhongjian Hu, Adam P. Willard, Robert J. Ono, Christopher W. Bielawski, Peter J. Rossky and David A. Vanden Bout Conjugated polymers in thin films exhibit low fluorescence quantum yields, but the mechanism is still unclear. Here, Hu et al. show the trade-off between charge transfer and emissive exciton states, whilst the former can be suppressed via dielectric-induced stabilization for large fluorescence quantum yields. 22 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9246 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Materials science  Non-random patterns in viral diversity OPEN Simon J. Anthony, Ariful Islam, Christine Johnson, Isamara Navarrete-Macias, Eliza Liang, Komal Jain, Peta L. Hitchens, Xiaoyu Che, Alexander Soloyvov, Allison L. Hicks, Rafael Ojeda-Flores, Carlos Zambrana-Torrelio, Werner Ulrich, Melinda K. Rostal, Alexandra Petrosov, Joel Garcia, Najmul Haider, Nathan Wolfe, Tracey Goldstein, Stephen S. Morse et al. It is unclear whether the emergence of new infectious diseases can be predicted. Here, Anthony et al. investigate viral communities in faeces of wild macaques and show that viral diversity is inherently structured, suggesting that it should be possible to forecast some changes in viral communities. 22 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9147 Biological Sciences  Ecology  Microbiology  Virology  Strong interface-induced spin–orbit interaction in graphene on WS2 OPEN Zhe Wang, Dong–Keun Ki, Hua Chen, Helmuth Berger, Allan H. MacDonald and Alberto F. Morpurgo Routes towards inducing strong spin–orbit coupling in graphene have been hindered by detrimental effects on its electronic properties and material quality. Here, the authors demonstrate a possible solution by exploiting interfacial interactions between graphene and a tungsten disulfide substrate. 22 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9339 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Condensed matter  Highly efficient and ultra-broadband graphene oxide ultrathin lenses with three-dimensional subwavelength focusing OPEN Xiaorui Zheng, Baohua Jia, Han Lin, Ling Qiu, Dan Li and Min Gu Lenses made from metamaterials often suffer from narrow operational bandwidth and complex design. Here, Zheng et al. demonstrate an ultrathin graphene oxide lens with farfield three-dimensional subwavelength focusing from the visible to near infrared and an absolute focusing efficiency greater than 32%. 22 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9433 Physical Sciences  Materials science  Nanotechnology  Redox-switch regulatory mechanism of thiolase from Clostridium acetobutylicum OPEN Sangwoo Kim, Yu-Sin Jang, Sung-Chul Ha, Jae-Woo Ahn, Eun-Jung Kim, Jae Hong Lim, Changhee Cho, Yong Shin Ryu, Sung Kuk Lee, Sang Yup Lee and Kyung-Jin Kim n-Butanol is a valuable biofuel that can be produced industrially by bacterial fermentation. Here the authors uncover a redox-switch within Clostridium acetobutylicum’s thiolase—a key enzyme involved in n-butanol biosynthesis—that controls the rate of fermentative butanol production. 22 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9410 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Biotechnology  Cyclic diguanylate monophosphate directly binds to human siderocalin and inhibits its antibacterial activity OPEN Weihui Li, Tao Cui, Lihua Hu, Ziqing Wang, Zongqiang Li and Zheng-Guo He Siderocalin is an antibacterial component of the innate immune system that prevents iron acquisition by bacteria by sequestering their iron-binding siderophores. Here, Li et al. show that the bacterial second messenger c-di-GMP binds to siderocalin, thus inhibiting its antibacterial function. 22 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9330 Biological Sciences  Immunology  Microbiology  Molecular biology  Real-time fluorescence imaging with 20 nm axial resolution OPEN Daniel R. Stabley, Thomas Oh, Sanford M. Simon, Alexa L. Mattheyses and Khalid Salaita Mapping the nanoscale height and dynamics of structures within the cell is difficult. Here the authors present a two-wavelength total internal reflection fluorescence method to perform real-time imaging with nanometre axial resolution using a conventional microscope. 22 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9307 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Atomic description of the immune complex involved in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia OPEN Zheng Cai, Serge V. Yarovoi, Zhiqiang Zhu, Lubica Rauova, Vincent Hayes, Tatiana Lebedeva, Qun Liu, Mortimer Poncz, Gowthami Arepally, Douglas B. Cines and Mark I. Greene Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is an autoimmune thrombotic disease with limited treatment options. Here the authors present crystallographic data on the disease-causing immune complex, providing the structural basis for the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to HIT. 22 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9277 Biological Sciences  Chemical biology  Medical research  The outer mucus layer hosts a distinct intestinal microbial niche OPEN Hai Li, Julien P. Limenitakis, Tobias Fuhrer, Markus B. Geuking, Melissa A. Lawson, Madeleine Wyss, Sandrine Brugiroux, Irene Keller, Jamie A. Macpherson, Sandra Rupp, Bettina Stolp, Jens V. Stein, Bärbel Stecher, Uwe Sauer, Kathy D. McCoy and Andrew J. Macpherson The inner layer of the mucus that covers our intestine is nearly sterile. Here, the authors show in mice that the outer mucus layer constitutes a unique microbial niche hosting bacterial communities with distinct proliferation rates and resource utilization activities. 22 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9292 Biological Sciences  Ecology  Microbiology  Structural permeability of complex networks to control signals OPEN Francesco Lo Iudice, Franco Garofalo and Francesco Sorrentino Understanding how to control complex networks can be useful to steer interconnected systems towards a desired state. Here, the authors introduce the concept of network permeability, a unified metric of the propensity of a network to be controllable taking into account physical and economic constrains. 22 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9349 Physical Sciences  Theoretical physics  Vertical suppression of the EGFR pathway prevents onset of resistance in colorectal cancers OPEN Sandra Misale, Ivana Bozic, Jingshan Tong, Ashley Peraza-Penton, Alice Lallo, Federica Baldi, Kevin H. Lin, Mauro Truini, Livio Trusolino, Andrea Bertotti, Federica Di Nicolantonio, Martin A. Nowak, Lin Zhang, Kris C. Wood and Alberto Bardelli Cancer patients often respond well to primary treatment but then develop resistance. Here, Misale et al. show that dual treatment with EGFR and MEK inhibitors block resistance in mice containing patient-derived xenografts and provide a mathematical model that describes the temporal development of resistant tumour clones. 22 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9305 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Medical research  Exometabolite niche partitioning among sympatric soil bacteria OPEN Richard Baran, Eoin L. Brodie, Jazmine Mayberry-Lewis, Eric Hummel, Ulisses Nunes Da Rocha, Romy Chakraborty, Benjamin P. Bowen, Ulas Karaoz, Hinsby Cadillo-Quiroz, Ferran Garcia-Pichel and Trent R. Northen Production and consumption of metabolites by soil microorganisms are important for nutrient cycling and maintenance of microbial diversity. Here, Baran et al. study metabolite uptake and release by desert soil microorganisms, showing that coexisting microbes can have divergent substrate preferences. 22 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9289 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Ecology  Microbiology  An insula-frontostriatal network mediates flexible cognitive control by adaptively predicting changing control demands OPEN Jiefeng Jiang, Jeffrey Beck, Katherine Heller and Tobias Egner The ability to continually adjust behavioural strategies is a hallmark of human cognition, yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here the authors show that an insula-frontostriatal network mediates such flexible cognitive control by adaptively predicting changing control demands. 22 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9165 Biological Sciences  Neuroscience  A new class of tunable hypersonic phononic crystals based on polymer-tethered colloids OPEN E. Alonso-Redondo, M. Schmitt, Z. Urbach, C. M. Hui, R. Sainidou, P. Rembert, K. Matyjaszewski, M. R. Bockstaller and G. Fytas Hybridization-type band gaps are known to persist in phononic crystals, but their fabrication remains challenging for all-solid hypersonic composites. Here, the authors utilize the elastic anisotropy at the interface of polymer-tethered colloidal particles to control phonon propagation in GHz regime. 22 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9309 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Materials science  Physical chemistry  Five-fold symmetry as indicator of dynamic arrest in metallic glass-forming liquids OPEN Y. C. Hu, F. X. Li, M. Z. Li, H. Y. Bai and W. H. Wang The structural origin of the dynamic slow down during glass transition remains an open question because of the lack of atomic-scale elucidation. Here, Hu et al. propose a parameter to link the structural evolution of the average degree of five-fold local symmetry to dynamic arrest in metallic liquids. 21 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9310 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Condensed matter  Materials science  New insights into photoactivated volume generation boost surface morphing in liquid crystal coatings OPEN Danqing Liu and Dirk J. Broer The photomechanical surface modulation of liquid crystal polymer networks can be amplified with a small amount of azobenzene, but its mechanism is not yet fully understood. Here, Liu and Broer propose that the continuously oscillating trans-to-cis isomerization of azobenzene plays the dominating role. 21 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9334 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Materials science  Physical chemistry  Two classes of regulatory subunits coassemble in the same BK channel and independently regulate gating OPEN Vivian Gonzalez-Perez, Xiao-Ming Xia and Christopher J. Lingle Ion channels are often an assembly of proteins, but it is not clear if protein combinations have additive effects or function to prevent binding of other proteins. Here, the authors show that β and γ subunits can assemble into the same BK complex, and the constituents of the complex have an effect on its function. 21 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9341 Biological Sciences  Biophysics  Probe-based measurement of lateral single-electron transfer between individual molecules OPEN Wolfram Steurer, Shadi Fatayer, Leo Gross and Gerhard Meyer Detection and manipulation of single charges in molecules are fundamental cornerstones in molecular electronics. Here, Steurer et al. demonstrate a technique with the use of an atomic force microscope that is able to resolve charge states and single electron charge transfer between molecules. 21 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9353 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Nanotechnology  De novo assembly and next-generation sequencing to analyse full-length gene variants from codon-barcoded libraries OPEN Namjin Cho, Byungjin Hwang, Jung-ki Yoon, Sangun Park, Joongoo Lee, Han Na Seo, Jeewon Lee, Sunghoon Huh, Jinsoo Chung and Duhee Bang This paper described a new and efficient method for de novo assembly of multiple DNA sequence information from mutagenized clone libraries. Using codon-barcoded libraries and calling the method JigsawSeq, the authors overcome limitations of short-read sequencing assembly from next-generation sequencing. 21 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9351 Biological Sciences  Bioinformatics  Molecular biology  Thermodynamic phase transitions in a frustrated magnetic metamaterial OPEN L. Anghinolfi, H. Luetkens, J. Perron, M. G. Flokstra, O. Sendetskyi, A. Suter, T. Prokscha, P. M. Derlet, S. L. Lee and L. J. Heyderman Recently, periodic arrays of thermally active nanomagnets with bistable magnetization have been built which mimic the behaviour of frustrated magnets and model Ising systems. Here, the authors use muon spin relaxation to evidence thermodynamic phase transitions in an artificial kagome ice system. 21 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9278 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Condensed matter  Atomically resolved real-space imaging of hot electron dynamics OPEN D. Lock, K. R. Rusimova, T. L. Pan, R. E. Palmer and P. A. Sloan Hot electrons—electrons with very high kinetic energies—are important in many processes but difficult to observe due to their short lifetimes. Here, the authors analyse STM based nonlocal manipulation of organic molecules on a surface, showing that the measurements probe hot electron dynamics in real space. 21 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9365 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Nanotechnology  Physical chemistry  Multi-scale thermal stability of a hard thermoplastic protein-based material OPEN Victoria Latza, Paul A. Guerette, Dawei Ding, Shahrouz Amini, Akshita Kumar, Ingo Schmidt, Steven Keating, Neri Oxman, James C. Weaver, Peter Fratzl, Ali Miserez and Admir Masic Sucker ring teeth from squid and cuttlefish represent rare examples of thermoplastic biopolymers. Here, the authors demonstrate how these materials may be processed for implementation in biomedical and 3D printing applications. 21 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9313 Physical Sciences  Biochemistry  Materials science  Class III PI3K regulates organismal glucose homeostasis by providing negative feedback on hepatic insulin signalling OPEN Ivan Nemazanyy, Guillaume Montagnac, Ryan C. Russell, Lucille Morzyglod, Anne-Françoise Burnol, Kun-Liang Guan, Mario Pende and Ganna Panasyuk PI3K is activated as a result of insulin receptor (IR) signalling. Here the authors show that activation of specific class III PI3Ks in response to insulin promotes IR endocytosis and lysosomal degradation, providing negative feedback on IR signalling by reducing the time IR is activated. 21 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9283 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Medical research  Impaired PIEZO1 function in patients with a novel autosomal recessive congenital lymphatic dysplasia OPEN Viktor Lukacs, Jayanti Mathur, Rong Mao, Pinar Bayrak-Toydemir, Melinda Procter, Stuart M. Cahalan, Helen J. Kim, Michael Bandell, Nicola Longo, Ronald W. Day, David A. Stevenson, Ardem Patapoutian and Bryan L. Krock Lukacs et al. identify mutations in the PIEZO1 gene in patients with congenital lymphatic dysplasia. The study also characterizes the functional consequence of the disease-associated Piezo1 mutant proteins and show attenuated ion channel function in cellular context. 21 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9329 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Genetics  Medical research  Extremely large magnetoresistance in few-layer graphene/boron–nitride heterostructures OPEN Kalon Gopinadhan, Young Jun Shin, Rashid Jalil, Thirumalai Venkatesan, Andre K. Geim, Antonio H. Castro Neto and Hyunsoo Yang Magnetoresistance, the change in electrical resistance of a material with its magnetic state, is an important phenomenon utilized in technological applications. Here, the authors report large local and non-local magnetoresistance effects in few-layer graphene/boron–nitride heterostructures at room temperature. 21 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9337 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Condensed matter  Neuronal and behavioural modulations by pathway-selective optogenetic stimulation of the primate oculomotor system OPEN Ken-ichi Inoue, Masahiko Takada and Masayuki Matsumoto Pathway-selective optogenetics enables the precise control of neural activity in targeted pathways connecting specific brain regions. Here the authors provide the first demonstration that pathway-selective optogenetics can modulate neural activity and behaviour in non-human primates. 21 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9378 Biological Sciences  Neuroscience  A transposable element in a NAC gene is associated with drought tolerance in maize seedlings OPEN Hude Mao, Hongwei Wang, Shengxue Liu, Zhigang Li, Xiaohong Yang, Jianbing Yan, Jiansheng Li, Lam-Son Phan Tran and Feng Qin Drought is a major cause of yield loss in maize and understanding the genetic determinants of natural variation in drought tolerance may aid breeding programs produce more tolerant varieties. Here, Mao et al. identify a MITE transposon insertion in a NAC transcription factor, which is associated with natural variation in drought tolerance. 21 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9326 Biological Sciences  Genetics  Plant sciences  Flexible and self-powered temperature–pressure dual-parameter sensors using microstructure-frame-supported organic thermoelectric materials OPEN Fengjiao Zhang, Yaping Zang, Dazhen Huang, Chong-an Di and Daoben Zhu The construction of electronic skin requires simultaneous temperature and pressure detection. Here Zhang et al. utilize independent thermoelectric and piezoresistive effect in a single self-powered device, which shows a temperature resolution of <0.1 K and a pressure sensitivity of 28.9 kPa−1. 21 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9356 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Materials science  Measuring the mechanical properties of molecular conformers OPEN S. P. Jarvis, S. Taylor, J. D. Baran, N. R. Champness, J. A. Larsson and P. Moriarty Manipulation of single molecules can be achieved using scanning probe microscopy but the influence of molecular conformation on this process has, until now, been unclear. Here, the authors probe two different types of porphyrin conformer on a surface and see strong differences in their mechanochemical response. 21 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9338 Physical Sciences  Nanotechnology  Organic chemistry  Physical chemistry  Paleoproterozoic high-pressure metamorphism in the northern North China Craton and implications for the Nuna supercontinent OPEN Bo Wan, Brian F. Windley, Wenjiao Xiao, Jianyun Feng and Ji’en Zhang Identifying past continental configurations is important for our understanding of the Earth system. Here, the authors present mapping and geochemical analyses that connect the North China Craton with other continents, with implications for the Nuna/Columbia supercontinent configuration at 1.8 Ga. 21 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9344 Earth Sciences  Geology and geophysics  Hypothalamic PKA regulates leptin sensitivity and adiposity OPEN Linghai Yang and G. Stanley McKnight Mice lacking RIIβ, a regulatory subunit of protein kinase A, are lean and resistant to diet-induced obesity. Here, the authors show that RIIβ regulates leptin sensitivity, acting as a physiological brake on leptin responsiveness and the duration of leptin signalling in the hypothalamus. 18 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9237 Biological Sciences  Medical research  Neuroscience  Dynamical backaction cooling with free electrons OPEN A. Niguès, A. Siria and P. Verlot Cooling atoms and ions to the quantum ground state is generally achieved by resonantly coupling their mechanical motion to an electromagnetic wave. Here the authors report self-induced cooling based on sub-nanometre confinement with an electron beam, rather than an electromagnetic resonance. 18 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9104 Physical Sciences  Nanotechnology  Optical physics  Terahertz field control of in-plane orbital order in La0.5Sr1.5MnO4 OPEN Timothy A Miller, Ravindra W Chhajlany, Luca Tagliacozzo, Bertram Green, Sergey Kovalev, Dharmalingam Prabhakaran, Maciej Lewenstein, Michael Gensch and Simon Wall Numerous correlated materials exhibit an in-plane anisotropic ground state but their origin is unclear. Here the authors control the orientation of orbital domains in a manganite using the polarization of terahertz pulses, which can be explained by field-induced enhancement of the electron interactions. 18 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9175 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Materials science  Intrinsic homogeneous linewidth and broadening mechanisms of excitons in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides OPEN Galan Moody, Chandriker Kavir Dass, Kai Hao, Chang-Hsiao Chen, Lain-Jong Li, Akshay Singh, Kha Tran, Genevieve Clark, Xiaodong Xu, Gunnar Berghäuser, Ermin Malic, Andreas Knorr and Xiaoqin Li The band-edge optical response of transition metal dichalcogenides is dominated by tightly bound valley excitons. Here, the authors use optical two-dimensional Fourier transform spectroscopy to determine the exciton homogeneous linewidth in monolayer tungsten diselenide. 18 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9315 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Materials science  Nanotechnology  Provable quantum advantage in randomness processing Howard Dale, David Jennings and Terry Rudolph Although quantum alternatives of various classical tasks are considered advantageous, this is typically extremely difficult to concretely prove. Here, the authors show that a quantum approach to randomness processing provides a reduction in resources and a larger class of solvable problems. 18 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9203 Physical Sciences  Theoretical physics  Strong frequency dependence of vibrational relaxation in bulk and surface water reveals sub-picosecond structural heterogeneity OPEN Sietse T. van der Post, Cho-Shuen Hsieh, Masanari Okuno, Yuki Nagata, Huib J. Bakker, Mischa Bonn and Johannes Hunger The structural heterogeneity in liquid water is commonly believed to disappear beyond 50 fs due to the strong intermolecular interaction. Here, the authors show frequency-dependent vibrational relaxation, which indicates the persistence of structural heterogeneity on a picosecond timescale. 18 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9384 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Fluids and plasma physics  Physical chemistry  Molecular helices as electron acceptors in high-performance bulk heterojunction solar cells OPEN Yu Zhong, M. Tuan Trinh, Rongsheng Chen, Geoffrey E. Purdum, Petr P. Khlyabich, Melda Sezen, Seokjoon Oh, Haiming Zhu, Brandon Fowler, Boyuan Zhang, Wei Wang, Chang-Yong Nam, Matthew Y. Sfeir, Charles T. Black, Michael L. Steigerwald, Yueh-Lin Loo, Fay Ng, X.-Y. Zhu and Colin Nuckolls In organic photovoltaics, the best-performing devices are often based on fullerene derivatives as the electron acceptor counterpart. Here, the authors present new molecular electron acceptors with a helical structure and achieve 8.3% power conversion efficiency. 18 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9242 Chemical Sciences  Materials science  Nanotechnology  An intrinsic timer specifies distal structures of the vertebrate limb OPEN Patricia Saiz-Lopez, Kavitha Chinnaiya, Victor M. Campa, Irene Delgado, Maria A. Ros and Matthew Towers The specification of positional values along the proximo-distal axis (shoulder to digits) of the vertebrate limb is an unresolved issue. By using heterochronic transplants of distal mesenchyme, the authors show that the zeugopod and autopod (elbow to digits) are progressively specified in an intrinsically timed manner. 18 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9108 Biological Sciences  Developmental biology  Atomic-like spin noise in solid-state demonstrated with manganese in cadmium telluride OPEN S. Cronenberger, D. Scalbert, D. Ferrand, H. Boukari and J. Cibert Coupling an atomic vapour to the polarization of light has enabled the creation of spin squeezed and entangled atomic states. Here, the authors realize a solid-state approach by adapting spin noise spectroscopy to probe the spin of manganese ions in cadmium telluride. 18 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9121 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Materials science  mRNA export through an additional cap-binding complex consisting of NCBP1 and NCBP3 OPEN Anna Gebhardt, Matthias Habjan, Christian Benda, Arno Meiler, Darya A. Haas, Marco Y. Hein, Angelika Mann, Matthias Mann, Bianca Habermann and Andreas Pichlmair The processing of RNAs transcribed by RNA polymerase II requires a cap-binding complex (CBC), consisting of NCBP1 and NCBP2. Here, the authors report an alternative CBC formed by NCBP1 and a previously uncharacterized protein, NCBP3 that is critical for RNA processing under cellular stress conditions. 18 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9192 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Molecular biology  Pathways of allosteric regulation in Hsp70 chaperones OPEN Roman Kityk, Markus Vogel, Rainer Schlecht, Bernd Bukau and Matthias P. Mayer Hsp70 chaperones are essential for cellular proteostasis, and their function depends on allosteric communication between their nucleotide- and substrate-binding domains. Here, Kityk et al. provide a mechanical model of allostery and demonstrate that ATP-induced substrate release is more important for chaperone activity than substrate-stimulated ATP hydrolysis. 18 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9308 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  The seasonal sea-ice zone in the glacial Southern Ocean as a carbon sink OPEN Andrea Abelmann, Rainer Gersonde, Gregor Knorr, Xu Zhang, Bernhard Chapligin, Edith Maier, Oliver Esper, Hans Friedrichsen, Gerrit Lohmann, Hanno Meyer and Ralf Tiedemann Lower glacial atmospheric CO2 has been linked to enhanced carbon storage in the Southern Ocean, yet the associated biological and physical mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, the authors combine diatom and radiolarian isotope measurements, and model simulations to investigate surface–subsurface processes. 18 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9136 Earth Sciences  Biogeochemistry  Climate science  Oceanography  Spatial mapping of juxtacrine axo-glial interactions identifies novel molecules in peripheral myelination OPEN Y. Poitelon, S. Bogni, V. Matafora, G. Della-Flora Nunes, E. Hurley, M. Ghidinelli, B. S. Katzenellenbogen, C. Taveggia, N. Silvestri, A. Bachi, A. Sannino, L. Wrabetz and M. L. Feltri Neuron–glia interactions are critical in the nervous system, where they result in the extension of glial pseudopodia. Poitelon et al. isolate these protrusions using an in vitro assay, and, by characterising their proteomes, identify Prohibitin-2 as a regulator of myelination. 18 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9303 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Neuroscience  Suppressed phase transition and giant ionic conductivity in La2Mo2O9 nanowires OPEN Wei Liu, Wei Pan, Jian Luo, Andy Godfrey, Gang Ou, Hui Wu and Wei Zhang Solid oxide-ion conductors are crucial components in many energy and environment technologies. Here, the authors produce La2Mo2O9 nanowires with high ionic conductivity which is attributed to both the stabilization of the high-temperature phase and excess conduction in the disordered surface phases. 18 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9354 Chemical Sciences  Materials science  Nanotechnology  eIF6 coordinates insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism by coupling translation to transcription OPEN Daniela Brina, Annarita Miluzio, Sara Ricciardi, Kim Clarke, Peter K. Davidsen, Gabriella Viero, Toma Tebaldi, Nina Offenhäuser, Jan Rozman, Birgit Rathkolb, Susanne Neschen, Martin Klingenspor, Eckhard Wolf, Valerie Gailus-Durner, Helmut Fuchs, Martin Hrabe de Angelis, Alessandro Quattrone, Francesco Falciani and Stefano Biffo Insulin enhances mRNA translation via the translation initiation factor eIF6. Here, Brina et al. show that insulin-mediated activation of eIF6 is associated with the selective translation of genes involved in glycolysis and lipid synthesis with characteristic G/C-rich and uORF sequences in their mRNA. 18 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9261 Biological Sciences  Medical research  Molecular biology  Regulation of NKT cell-mediated immune responses to tumours and liver inflammation by mitochondrial PGAM5-Drp1 signalling OPEN Young Jun Kang, Bo-Ram Bang, Kyung Ho Han, Lixin Hong, Eun-Jin Shim, Jianhui Ma, Richard A. Lerner and Motoyuki Otsuka RIPK3-mediated signalling regulates the induction of necroptosis and inflammation. Here the authors show that RIPK3-PGAM5-Drp1 pathway is crucial for NKT cell activation independently of cell death in mouse models of melanoma and acute inflammatory liver injury. 18 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9371 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Immunology  Coordination templated [2+2+2] cyclotrimerization in a porous coordination framework OPEN Yong-Sheng Wei, Mei Zhang, Pei-Qin Liao, Rui-Biao Lin, Tai-Yang Li, Guang Shao, Jie-Peng Zhang and Xiao-Ming Chen Nanospace defined by unsaturated metal coordination sites opens up the possibility of controlling and templating chemical reactivity. Here, the authors show that a Fe(III) dicarboxylate framework with triangularly arranged metal sites can direct the [2+2+2] cyclisation of nitriles, alkynes and alkenes. 18 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9348 Chemical Sciences  Inorganic chemistry  Materials science  Organic chemistry  miR-34/449 control apical actin network formation during multiciliogenesis through small GTPase pathways OPEN Benoît Chevalier, Anna Adamiok, Olivier Mercey, Diego R. Revinski, Laure-Emmanuelle Zaragosi, Andrea Pasini, Laurent Kodjabachian, Pascal Barbry and Brice Marcet MicroRNAs of the miR-34/449 family initiate formation of multiciliated cells through the suppression of cell cycle genes and Notch. Here the authors show that miR-34/449 also regulate the assembly of an apical actin network necessary for basal body anchoring by regulating the expression of R-Ras. 18 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9386 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Ultrafast multidimensional Laplace NMR for a rapid and sensitive chemical analysis OPEN Susanna Ahola, Vladimir V Zhivonitko, Otto Mankinen, Guannan Zhang, Anu M. Kantola, Hsueh-Ying Chen, Christian Hilty, Igor V. Koptyug and Ville-Veikko Telkki Laplace NMR provides complementary information to traditional NMR, such as details of molecular motion. Here, the authors report a correlation experiment capable of providing information on the physical environment of molecules while enhancing the chemical resolution and greatly reducing the experiment times. 18 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9363 Chemical Sciences  Analytical chemistry  Atomic and molecular physics  Physical chemistry  Enhancing S-adenosyl-methionine catabolism extends Drosophila lifespan OPEN Fumiaki Obata and Masayuki Miura Inhibiting the formation of S-adenosyl-methionine (SAM) increases worm but not fly lifespan. Here the authors show that humans and flies possess the SAM-consuming enzyme Gnmt, the activity of which is regulated by lifespan-extending interventions, and that knockdown of Gnmt extends fly lifespan. 18 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9332 Biological Sciences  Medical research  Telomere maintenance through recruitment of internal genomic regions OPEN Beomseok Seo, Chuna Kim, Mark Hills, Sanghyun Sung, Hyesook Kim, Eunkyeong Kim, Daisy S. Lim, Hyun-Seok Oh, Rachael Mi Jung Choi, Jongsik Chun, Jaegal Shim and Junho Lee Telomeres in post-crisis cells are maintained by re-activated telomerase or by alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT). Here, Seo et al. report a stable mode of ALT in worm where internal genomic regions generate a genomic reservoir ready to be incorporated into telomeres upon ALT activation. 18 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9189 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Molecular biology  The Lingula genome provides insights into brachiopod evolution and the origin of phosphate biomineralization OPEN Yi-Jyun Luo, Takeshi Takeuchi, Ryo Koyanagi, Lixy Yamada, Miyuki Kanda, Mariia Khalturina, Manabu Fujie, Shin-ichi Yamasaki, Kazuyoshi Endo and Noriyuki Satoh Lingulid brachiopods possess calcium phosphate shells. Here, the authors sequence the genome of Lingula anatine to show that Lingula is evolutionary close to molluscs, but distant from annelids, and identify the genomic background of Lingula’s unique biomineralization mechanism. 18 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9301 Biological Sciences  Evolution  Genetics  Zoology  Breadth of tuning in taste afferent neurons varies with stimulus strength OPEN An Wu, Gennady Dvoryanchikov, Elizabeth Pereira, Nirupa Chaudhari and Stephen D. Roper How taste information is encoded and transmitted from the periphery to the cortex is not well understood. Here the authors provide evidence for population-based coding of taste by demonstrating that more than half of individual geniculate ganglion neurons are broadly tuned to basic taste stimuli. 16 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9171 Biological Sciences  Neuroscience  Ligand-dependent genomic function of glucocorticoid receptor in triple-negative breast cancer OPEN Zhong Chen, Xun Lan, Dayong Wu, Benjamin Sunkel, Zhenqing Ye, Jiaoti Huang, Zhihua Liu, Steven K. Clinton, Victor X. Jin and Qianben Wang Glucocorticoids are widely used as coadjuvants in the treatment of solid tumours. Here, Chen et al. show that genes regulated by dexamethasone- but not Compound A-liganded glucocorticoid receptor are associated with therapy resistance and unfavourable clinical outcomes in triple-negative breast cancer. 16 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9323 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Molecular biology  Targeted sequencing reveals clonal genetic changes in the progression of early lung neoplasms and paired circulating DNA OPEN Evgeny Izumchenko, Xiaofei Chang, Mariana Brait, Elana Fertig, Luciane T. Kagohara, Atul Bedi, Luigi Marchionni, Nishant Agrawal, Rajani Ravi, Sian Jones, Mohammad O. Hoque, William H. Westra and David Sidransky Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia is thought to be a precursor lesion for lung adenocarcinoma. Here, using targeted deep sequencing, the authors demonstrate that hyperplastic lesions contain somatic mutations associated with malignant disease and that these can be detected in circulating tumour cells. 16 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9258 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Genetics  Medical research  Antagonistic effects of IL-17 and D-resolvins on endothelial Del-1 expression through a GSK-3β-C/EBPβ pathway OPEN Tomoki Maekawa, Kavita Hosur, Toshiharu Abe, Alpdogan Kantarci, Athanasios Ziogas, Baomei Wang, Thomas E. Van Dyke, Triantafyllos Chavakis and George Hajishengallis The endothelial secreted protein Del-1 plays a role in limiting inflammation, and its deficiency is associated with pathology in periodontitis and multiple sclerosis. Here the authors show that the negative regulation of Del-1 by IL-17 involves targeting the transcription factor C/EBPß in a GSK-3ß- dependent manner. 16 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9272 Biological Sciences  Immunology  Molecular biology  Stripe-like nanoscale structural phase separation in superconducting BaPb1−xBixO3 OPEN P. Giraldo-Gallo, Y. Zhang, C. Parra, H.C. Manoharan, M.R. Beasley, T.H. Geballe, M.J. Kramer and I.R. Fisher In BaPb1−xBixO3 a superconducting dome emerges in the proximity to a charge density wave phase. Here, the authors show with transmission electron microscopy measurements that for superconducting compositions of this allow, the structural dimorphism is accommodated in partially disordered nanoscale stripes. 16 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9231 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Condensed matter  Nonlinear spin-wave excitations at low magnetic bias fields OPEN Hans G. Bauer, Peter Majchrak, Torsten Kachel, Christian H. Back and Georg Woltersdorf Nonlinear magnetization dynamics underlie the operation of important spintronic devices. Here, the authors study NiFe thin films via X-ray magnetic circular dichroism, to develop a model for nonlinear spin-wave excitation by ferromagnetic resonance under small applied magnetic fields. 16 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9274 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Condensed matter  Activation of a dormant replication origin is essential for Haloferax mediterranei lacking the primary origins OPEN Haibo Yang, Zhenfang Wu, Jingfang Liu, Xiaoqing Liu, Lei Wang, Shuangfeng Cai and Hua Xiang Archaea use multiple origins for chromosome replication, but some potential origins appear to be inactive during the genome replication. Here, Yang et al. show that when active origins are deleted from Haloferax mediterranei, a dormant origin is activated and essential, suggesting an origin-dependent replication. 16 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9321 Biological Sciences  Microbiology  Molecular biology  Genetic mapping uncovers cis-regulatory landscape of RNA editing OPEN Gokul Ramaswami, Patricia Deng, Rui Zhang, Mary Anna Carbone, Trudy F. C. Mackay and Jin Billy Li Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing plays an important role in neurological functions. Here, by a quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping approach in 131 Drosophila melanogaster strains, the authors identify 545 QTLs associated with differences in RNA editing. 16 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9194 Biological Sciences  Genetics  Molecular biology  Ultrafast optical modification of exchange interactions in iron oxides OPEN R.V. Mikhaylovskiy, E. Hendry, A. Secchi, J.H. Mentink, M. Eckstein, A. Wu, R.V. Pisarev, V.V. Kruglyak, M.I. Katsnelson, Th. Rasing and A.V. Kimel In the ultrafast manipulation of magnetization by light, it is thought that the electric field couples only indirectly to spins via spin-orbit interaction. Here, the authors demonstrate inverse magneto-refraction, a direct optical modification of the exchange interaction allowed for any material symmetry. 16 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9190 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Condensed matter  Theoretical physics  Bloch-like waves in random-walk potentials based on supersymmetry OPEN Sunkyu Yu, Xianji Piao, Jiho Hong and Namkyoo Park Various approaches based on the iterative search have failed in the deterministic creation of bandgaps in random networks. Here Yu et al. reveal a deterministic pathway to bandgaps in random-walk potentials by applying the notion of supersymmetry to the wave equation. 16 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9269 Physical Sciences  Theoretical physics    Nature Communications JOBS of the week Postdoctoral Scientist Medical Research Council - Laboratory of Molecular Biology Research Technician University of Bristol PhD student Position (m / f) University of Cologne Postdoctoral fellow Johns Hopkins University Two Tenure-Track Assistant Professor Positions The University of Windsor Group Leader(s) University of Cambridge Research Fellows x 3 University of Leeds Postdoctoral Researcher Imperial College London Assistant Scientist Texas Biomedical Research Institute Faculty position Sabanci University More Science jobs from Nature Communications EVENT Ancient DNA and Human Evolution 29.04.16 La Jolla, USA More science events from       Latest Corrigendum     Corrigendum: NFκB1 is a suppressor of neutrophil-driven hepatocellular carcinoma OPEN C. L. Wilson, D. Jurk, N. Fullard, P. Banks, A. Page, S. Luli, A. M. Elsharkawy, R. G. Gieling, J. Bagchi Chakraborty, C. Fox, C. Richardson, K. Callaghan, G. E. Blair, N. Fox, A. Lagnado, J. F. Passos, A. J. Moore, G. R. Smith, D. G. Tiniakos, J. Mann et al. 21 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9411 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Immunology        Latest Erratum     Erratum: A molecular propeller effect for chiral separation and analysis OPEN Jonathon B. Clemens, Osman Kibar and Mirianas Chachisvilis 18 September 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms9343 Chemical Sciences  Analytical chemistry  Atomic and molecular physics  Physical chemistry      Advertisement A new open access journal dedicated to publishing the most important scientific advances in all aspects of genomics and its application in the practice of medicine. Part of the Nature Partner Journals series, the journal is published in partnership with the Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research. 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