Nature Communications - 8 October 2014

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Weekly Content Alert 08 October 2014  Featured image: Pütz et al. show that tropical forest fragmentation leads to additional carbon loss from the forest edge. Latest content: Articles Journal homepage Recommend to library Web feed   Advertisement Nature Communications soon to be fully open access   From 20th October Nature Communications, will become fully open access for all new submissions. If an author has a manuscript they wish to submit to the journal via the subscription route, they must submit before 20th October. After this date all new submissions, if accepted, will be published open access and an article processing charge (APC) will apply. For any questions on the switch, open access or advice on policies and funding, visit our website, read the press release or contact our dedicated support team at openaccess@nature.com.     Latest Articles View all Articles     Novel residues in avian influenza virus PB2 protein affect virulence in mammalian hosts Shufang Fan, Masato Hatta, Jin Hyun Kim, Peter Halfmann, Masaki Imai, Catherine A. Macken, Mai Quynh Le, Tung Nguyen, Gabriele Neumann and Yoshihiro Kawaoka Avian influenza viruses can mutate and become infectious to humans, sometimes causing high mortality. Here, Fan et al. identify three mutations in viral protein PB2 that affect virulence in mammalian hosts. 07 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6021 Biological Sciences  Microbiology  Virology  The parasite Entamoeba histolytica exploits the activities of human matrix metalloproteinases to invade colonic tissue Roman Thibeaux, Patrick Avé, Michèle Bernier, Marie Morcelet, Pascal Frileux, Nancy Guillén and Elisabeth Labruyère The protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica invades the colon and remodels the extracellular matrix, and the parasite-derived proteinase A5 (CP-A5) is known to be involved. Here, the authors show that CP-A5 activates metalloproteinases in the host, changing colon architecture and aiding tissue invasion. 07 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6142 Biological Sciences  Immunology  Proof of dual-topology architecture of Fluc F− channels with monobody blockers Randy B. Stockbridge, Akiko Koide, Christopher Miller and Shohei Koide Fluc-type channels—used by microorganisms to extrude toxic fluoride ions—have been suggested to adopt an unusual antiparallel topology across the membrane. Stockbridge et al. now provide the best evidence so far for this atypical arrangement, showing that specific monobodies block channel activity from both sides of the membrane. 07 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6120 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Witnessing the formation and relaxation of dressed quasi-particles in a strongly correlated electron system Fabio Novelli, Giulio De Filippis, Vittorio Cataudella, Martina Esposito, Ignacio Vergara, Federico Cilento, Enrico Sindici, Adriano Amaricci, Claudio Giannetti, Dharmalingam Prabhakaran, Simon Wall, Andrea Perucchi, Stefano Dal Conte, Giulio Cerullo, Massimo Capone, Andrey Mishchenko, Markus Grüninger, Naoto Nagaosa, Fulvio Parmigiani and Daniele Fausti Photo-excitation in strongly correlated materials is usually modelled as an increase of electronic energy that is then transferred to other degrees of freedom. Contrarily, Novelli et al. show that in a charge-transfer insulator, sub-gap excitation forms electrons that are suddenly dressed by the boson field. 07 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6112 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Optical physics  NAD+ protects against EAE by regulating CD4+ T-cell differentiation OPEN Stefan G. Tullius, Hector Rodriguez Cetina Biefer, Suyan Li, Alexander J. Trachtenberg, Karoline Edtinger, Markus Quante, Felix Krenzien, Hirofumi Uehara, Xiaoyong Yang, Haydn T. Kissick, Winston P. Kuo, Ionita Ghiran, Miguel A. de la Fuente, Mohamed S. Arredouani, Virginia Camacho, John C. Tigges, Vasilis Toxavidis, Rachid El Fatimy, Brian D. Smith, Anju Vasudevan et al. The mechanism by which NAD+ alters the systemic immune response is unclear. Here the authors show that NAD+ induces systemic homeostasis and protects against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, a mouse model of multiple sclerosis, by regulating CD4+ T cell differentiation and promoting myelin and axonal regeneration. 07 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6101 Biological Sciences  Immunology  Pseudomonas aeruginosa eradicates Staphylococcus aureus by manipulating the host immunity Erwan Pernet, Laurent Guillemot, Pierre-Régis Burgel, Clémence Martin, Gérard Lambeau, Isabelle Sermet-Gaudelus, Dorota Sands, Dominique Leduc, Philippe C. Morand, Louise Jeammet, Michel Chignard, Yongzheng Wu and Lhousseine Touqui The airways of patients with cystic fibrosis are colonized by S. aureus during childhood and by P. aeruginosa in adulthood. Here, Pernet et al. show that P. aeruginosa induces bronchial cells to produce a bactericidal protein sPLA2-IIA that contributes to the decline of S. aureus in the airways. 07 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6105 Biological Sciences  Immunology  Microbiology  Long-term carbon loss in fragmented Neotropical forests Sandro Pütz, Jürgen Groeneveld, Klaus Henle, Christoph Knogge, Alexandre Camargo Martensen, Markus Metz, Jean Paul Metzger, Milton Cezar Ribeiro, Mateus Dantas de Paula and Andreas Huth Tropical forest deforestation is a major source of CO2 emissions, yet potential additional emissions through the creation of forest edge areas has been largely overlooked. Here, the authors combine remote sensing and knowledge on spatial processes to estimate carbon loss due to forest fragmentation. 07 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6037 Earth Sciences  Climate science  Switch of PKA substrates from Cubitus interruptus to Smoothened in the Hedgehog signalosome complex Nadia Ranieri, Pascal P. Thérond and Laurent Ruel In Drosophila, protein kinase A (PKA) phosphorylates the transcription factor Cubitus interruptus (Ci) in the absence of Hedgehog signalling and the transducer Smoothened in its presence. Here, the authors investigate the mechanism underlying this switch and propose that Smoothened outcompetes Ci for association with PKA on Hedgehog signalling activation. 07 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6034 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Developmental biology  An exact arithmetic toolbox for a consistent and reproducible structural analysis of metabolic network models OPEN Leonid Chindelevitch, Jason Trigg, Aviv Regev and Bonnie Berger Current tools to analyse constraint-based models of metabolic networks have limited accuracy due to their use of floating-point arithmetic. Here the authors present MONGOOSE, a new computational tool that analyses such models in exact arithmetic, providing improved accuracy and reproducibility. 07 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5893 Biological Sciences  Bioinformatics  Systems biology  NK1.1+ CD8+ T cells escape TGF-β control and contribute to early microbial pathogen response Anne L. Ruiz, Saidi M’Homa Soudja, Cyril Deceneux, Grégoire Lauvau and Julien C. Marie Antigen-specific CD8 T cells expand during an infection and then contract, eliminating all but a small population of memory cells. Here the authors show that NK1.1+ CD8 T cells have innate-like features at the memory stage, undergo delayed contraction and provide protection against early re-infection. 06 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6150 Biological Sciences  Immunology  Unravelling the mechanism of non-ribosomal peptide synthesis by cyclodipeptide synthases Mireille Moutiez, Emmanuelle Schmitt, Jérôme Seguin, Robert Thai, Emmanuel Favry, Pascal Belin, Yves Mechulam and Muriel Gondry Cyclodipeptide synthases hijack aminoacyl tRNAs to produce various cyclic dipeptides—the biosynthetic precursors of several secondary metabolites. Here, the authors solved the crystal structure of a cyclodipeptide synthase bound to a reaction intermediate analogue and provide novel insights into the mechanism of synthesis. 06 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6141 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Stabilization and targeting of INO80 to replication forks by BAP1 during normal DNA synthesis Han-Sae Lee, Shin-Ai Lee, Shin-Kyoung Hur, Jeong-Wook Seo and Jongbum Kwon The INO80 complex is involved in chromatin remodelling during transcription and has been implicated in DNA repair. Here, the authors establish a role for INO80 in normal DNA replication and reveal a mechanism that targets this remodeler to replication forks via BAP1 and H2A ubiquitination. 06 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6128 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Cancer  Single-molecule diffusion and conformational dynamics by spatial integration of temporal fluctuations OPEN Maged F. Serag, Maram Abadi and Satoshi Habuchi Single-molecule localization and tracking technique is widely used to visualize molecular dynamics in life science, yet it fails to detect molecular conformation. Serag et al. address this limitation via spatial quantization of temporal fluctuations in the cumulative area occupied by molecules. 06 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6123 Physical Sciences  Analytical chemistry  Biophysics  Aligned Fe2TiO5-containing nanotube arrays with low onset potential for visible-light water oxidation Qinghua Liu, Jingfu He, Tao Yao, Zhihu Sun, Weiren Cheng, Shi He, Yi Xie, Yanhua Peng, Hao Cheng, Yongfu Sun, Yong Jiang, Fengchun Hu, Zhi Xie, Wensheng Yan, Zhiyun Pan, Ziyu Wu and Shiqiang Wei Metal oxides are desirable photoanode materials due to their low cost and chemical stability, but they only work in the ultraviolet range. Here, Liu et al. design anode architecture that can absorb the visible light, while maintaining photon-to-current efficiency of 40% at an onset potential of 0.2 V. 06 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6122 Chemical Sciences  Catalysis  Materials science  Nanotechnology  Phylogenomic analyses uncover origin and spread of the Wolbachia pandemic Michael Gerth, Marie-Theres Gansauge, Anne Weigert and Christoph Bleidorn Wolbachia are common obligate intracellular symbionts, yet their evolutionary relationships remain largely unknown. Here, the authors present a phylogenomic analysis of the group and show a possible single origin of the ubiquitous Wolbachia lineages. 06 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6117 Biological Sciences  Evolution  Middle-Eastern plant communities tolerate 9 years of drought in a multi-site climate manipulation experiment OPEN Katja Tielbörger, Mark C. Bilton, Johannes Metz, Jaime Kigel, Claus Holzapfel, Edwin Lebrija-Trejos, Irit Konsens, Hadas A. Parag and Marcelo Sternberg Semi-arid and Mediterranean ecosystems are predicted to be vulnerable to climate change. Here, Tielbörger et al. show that plants along a steep climatic gradient in a biodiversity hotspot are resistant to both irrigation and drought in multiple years of experimental rainfall manipulation. 06 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6102 Biological Sciences  Ecology  A novel Nrf2-miR-29-desmocollin-2 axis regulates desmosome function in keratinocytes Svitlana Kurinna, Matthias Schäfer, Paola Ostano, Emmanuel Karouzakis, Giovanna Chiorino, Wilhelm Bloch, Andreas Bachmann, Steffen Gay, David Garrod, Karine Lefort, Gian-Paolo Dotto, Hans-Dietmar Beer and Sabine Werner Desmosomes are adhesive junctions that are essential for epithelial barrier function. Here, Kurinna et al. identify a role for the transcription factor Nrf2 in regulating the expression of micro-RNA genes that control the integrity of desmosomes, through modulating the expression of desmocollin-2. 06 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6099 Biological Sciences  Bioinformatics  Cell biology  Long-distance endosome trafficking drives fungal effector production during plant infection OPEN Ewa Bielska, Yujiro Higuchi, Martin Schuster, Natascha Steinberg, Sreedhar Kilaru, Nicholas J. Talbot and Gero Steinberg It is unclear how the nuclei of very long fungal cells (hyphae) receive information from the hyphal tips during the invasion of plant tissues. Here, the authors show that retrograde movement of early endosomes, from the hyphal tip to the nucleus, is required for this signalling process. 06 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6097 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Microbiology  Plant sciences  Quantification of plasma HIV RNA using chemically engineered peptide nucleic acids Chao Zhao, Travis Hoppe, Mohan Kumar Haleyur Giri Setty, Danielle Murray, Tae-Wook Chun, Indira Hewlett and Daniel H. Appella There is a great need for inexpensive and sensitive tests to measure HIV viral load in patients’ samples. Here, Zhao et al. describe a cost-effective colorimetric method based on synthetic peptide nucleic acids that quantifies HIV RNA molecules from infected patients’ plasma. 06 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6079 Biological Sciences  Analytical chemistry  Microbiology  Virology  ABRO1 suppresses tumourigenesis and regulates the DNA damage response by stabilizing p53 OPEN Jianhong Zhang, Mengmeng Cao, Jiahong Dong, Changyan Li, Wangxiang Xu, Yiqun Zhan, Xiaohui Wang, Miao Yu, Changhui Ge, Zhiqiang Ge and Xiaoming Yang The scaffold protein Abraxas brother 1 (ABRO1) accumulates in the nucleus after oxidative stress but its role in cellular responses to DNA damage has not been elucidated. Here the authors show that ABRO1 exerts its tumour suppressor activity by regulating p53 stability via USP7 deubiquitinase. 06 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6059 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Molecular biology  Enzyme activity in liquid lipase melts as a step towards solvent-free biology at 150 °C Alex P. S. Brogan, Kamendra P. Sharma, Adam W. Perriman and Stephen Mann Enzymatic reactions typically occur in aqueous media or with hydrated enzymes. Here, the authors form fluid enzyme-polymer conjugates with sub-solvation levels of water, and demonstrate catalytic hydrolysis in the absence of a solvent at high temperatures. 06 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6058 Chemical Sciences  Biochemistry  Biotechnology  Chemical biology  SKN-1 and Nrf2 couples proline catabolism with lipid metabolism during nutrient deprivation OPEN Shanshan Pang, Dana A. Lynn, Jacqueline Y. Lo, Jennifer Paek and Sean P. Curran The coordinated metabolism of cellular nutrients is important to maintain energy homeostasis, particularly if nutrients are scarce. Here, the authors report that the sensor protein SKN-1/Nrf2 links catabolism of the amino acid proline with lipid metabolism in C. elegans and in cultured human cells. 06 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6048 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Medical research  Dax1 and Nanog act in parallel to stabilize mouse embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotency OPEN Junlei Zhang, Gaoke Liu, Yan Ruan, Jiali Wang, Ke Zhao, Ying Wan, Bing Liu, Hongting Zheng, Tao Peng, Wei Wu, Ping He, Fu-Quan Hu and Rui Jian The transcription factor Dax1 is often used as an embryonic stem cell (ESC) marker. Here the authors show that Dax1 acts in parallel to the pluripotency transcription factor Nanog in the maintenance of mouse ESC pluripotency and is required for full somatic cell reprogramming. 06 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6042 Biological Sciences  Developmental biology  Gigahertz single-trap electron pumps in silicon OPEN Gento Yamahata, Katsuhiko Nishiguchi and Akira Fujiwara Devices that generate single electrons are crucial for a precise definition of the ampere—the SI unit for electrical current. Yamahata et al. now demonstrate a silicon-based transistor that can accurately emit lone electrons at a rate of over 3 billion per second. 06 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6038 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Nanotechnology  Continuous wireless pressure monitoring and mapping with ultra-small passive sensors for health monitoring and critical care Lisa Y. Chen, Benjamin C. -K. Tee, Alex L. Chortos, Gregor Schwartz, Victor Tse, Darren J. Lipomi, H. -S. Philip Wong, Michael V. McConnell and Zhenan Bao Continuous monitoring of physiological parameters in clinical practice requires wired connections to the sensors that are attached to or implanted in patients. Here, Chen et al. demonstrate a wireless, millimetre-scale sensor, which can monitor intracranial pressure of mice in real-time. 06 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6028 Physical Sciences  Biotechnology  Nanotechnology  Integrating a redox-coupled dye-sensitized photoelectrode into a lithium–oxygen battery for photoassisted charging Mingzhe Yu, Xiaodi Ren, Lu Ma and Yiying Wu There is substantial research underway into the development of lithium–oxygen batteries. Here, the authors use a redox shuttle to couple a photoelectrode with the oxygen electrode in a non-aqueous lithium–oxygen battery, which enables the photoassisted charging and reduces the battery overpotental. 03 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6111 Chemical Sciences  Materials science  Physical chemistry  Visualizing the replication of respiratory syncytial virus in cells and in living mice Marie-Anne Rameix-Welti, Ronan Le Goffic, Pierre-Louis Hervé, Julien Sourimant, Aude Rémot, Sabine Riffault, Qin Yu, Marie Galloux, Elyanne Gault and Jean-François Eléouët Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes severe respiratory disease in young children. Here, Rameix-Welti et al. create fluorescent and bioluminescent RSV strains that allow real-time analysis of viral replication and screening of antiviral compounds in cultured cells and in live animals. 03 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6104 Biological Sciences  Microbiology  Virology  Calcium-dependent FAK/CREB/TNNC1 signalling mediates the effect of stromal MFAP5 on ovarian cancer metastatic potential Cecilia S. Leung, Tsz-Lun Yeung, Kay-Pong Yip, Sunila Pradeep, Lavanya Balasubramanian, Jinsong Liu, Kwong-Kwok Wong, Lingegowda S. Mangala, Guillermo N. Armaiz-Pena, Gabriel Lopez-Berestein, Anil K. Sood, Michael J. Birrer and Samuel C. Mok The prognostic significance of stromal cells in ovarian cancer has not been explored. Here the authors show that stromal microfibrillar-associated protein 5 (MFAP5) drives metastasis of ovarian cancer and represents a new a prognostic marker related to decreased survival. 03 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6092 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Cell biology  Determining volcanic eruption styles on Earth and Mars from crystallinity measurements Kellie T. Wall, Michael C. Rowe, Ben S. Ellis, Mariek E. Schmidt and Jennifer D. Eccles Although observations of volcanic deposits on Mars are more accessible than ever, constraining Martian eruption styles remains a challenge. Here, the authors show that volcanic eruption style can be characterized through X-ray diffraction analysis of groundmass crystallinity in basaltic volcanic deposits. 03 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6090 Earth Sciences  Geology and geophysics  Planetary sciences  Dry-air-stable lithium silicide–lithium oxide core–shell nanoparticles as high-capacity prelithiation reagents Jie Zhao, Zhenda Lu, Nian Liu, Hyun-Wook Lee, Matthew T. McDowell and Yi Cui Anode prelithiation is used to treat the initial capacity loss and low Coulombic efficiency in lithium-ion batteries, but existing methods are not effective. Here, the authors report lithium silicide–lithium oxide core–shell nanoparticles as a promising prelithiation reagent. 03 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6088 Chemical Sciences  Materials science  Nanotechnology  Efficient selective and atom economic catalytic conversion of glycerol to lactic acid Liam S. Sharninghausen, Jesús Campos, Michael G. Manas and Robert H. Crabtree Lactic acid is a platform chemical with a variety of applications that is produced and used on a large scale. Here, the authors convert glycerol—a by-product of biodiesel production—into lactic acid in a highly efficient, homogenous catalytic process. 03 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6084 Chemical Sciences  Catalysis  Inorganic chemistry  Organic chemistry  Fucose-based PAMPs prime dendritic cells for follicular T helper cell polarization via DC-SIGN-dependent IL-27 production Sonja I. Gringhuis, Tanja M. Kaptein, Brigitte A. Wevers, Michiel van der Vlist, Elsenoor J. Klaver, Irma van Die, Lianne E. M. Vriend, Marein A. W. P. de Jong and Teunis B. H. Geijtenbeek Dendritic cells (DCs) initiate distinct arms of immunity in response to different classes of pathogens. Here Gringhuis et al. show that DCs produce IL-27 upon sensing fucose-containing pathogen ligands via DC-SIGN, promoting follicular T helper cell differentiation and antibody production. 03 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6074 Biological Sciences  Immunology  Diurnal suppression of EGFR signalling by glucocorticoids and implications for tumour progression and treatment OPEN Mattia Lauriola, Yehoshua Enuka, Amit Zeisel, Gabriele D’Uva, Lee Roth, Michal Sharon-Sevilla, Moshit Lindzen, Kirti Sharma, Nava Nevo, Morris Feldman, Silvia Carvalho, Hadas Cohen-Dvashi, Merav Kedmi, Nir Ben-Chetrit, Alon Chen, Rossella Solmi, Stefan Wiemann, Fernando Schmitt, Eytan Domany and Yosef Yarden et al. Glucocorticoids are released in a diurnal pattern. Here, the authors show that EGF receptor (EGFR) signalling is negatively regulated by glucocorticoids, and that EGFR inhibitor has stronger antitumour effects when administered during the resting phase, when glucocorticoids are low, offering potential optimization of cancer therapy regimens. 03 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6073 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Medical research  Multiple sclerosis-associated IL2RA polymorphism controls GM-CSF production in human TH cells Felix J. Hartmann, Mohsen Khademi, Jehan Aram, Sandra Ammann, Ingrid Kockum, Cris Constantinescu, Bruno Gran, Fredrik Piehl, Tomas Olsson, Laura Codarri and Burkhard Becher Genetic studies have connected polymorphisms in the IL-2 receptor alpha (IL2RA) gene with susceptibility to multiple sclerosis, but the mechanisms underlying this association are not clear. Here, the authors show that a polymorphism in IL2RA increases responsiveness to IL-2 and GM-CSF production in human TH cells. 03 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6056 Biological Sciences  Immunology  Medical research  The intriguing dual-directing effect of 2-cyanobenzyl ether for a highly stereospecific glycosylation reaction Kim Le Mai Hoang and Xue-Wei Liu Glycosylation reactions can be hampered by a lack of selectivity, giving mixtures of α- and β-products. Here, the authors demonstrate the use of 2-cyanobenzyl functionalization as a directing group to give α- or β-selectivity from a single starting material. 03 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6051 Chemical Sciences  Organic chemistry  Semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes sorting with a removable solubilizer based on dynamic supramolecular coordination chemistry Fumiyuki Toshimitsu and Naotoshi Nakashima Semiconducting single-wall nanotubes hold promise for the next generation of electronic devices, but separating them from metallic counterparts is still challenging. Here, the authors show how to sort semiconducting nanotubes by selectively stabilizing them in solution via a removable solubilizer. 03 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6041 Chemical Sciences  Materials science  Nanotechnology  Functional ultrasound imaging of intrinsic connectivity in the living rat brain with high spatiotemporal resolution OPEN Bruno-Félix Osmanski, Sophie Pezet, Ana Ricobaraza, Zsolt Lenkei and Mickael Tanter Functional connectivity of brain networks is poorly understood, in part, due to limited imaging approaches. Here, the authors use ultrasound imaging to study functional connectivity in the adult rat brain in vivo, allowing for the identification of highly contrasted intrinsic connectivity patterns. 03 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6023 Biological Sciences  Neuroscience  An endocytosis pathway initiated through neuropilin-1 and regulated by nutrient availability Hong-Bo Pang, Gary B. Braun, Tomas Friman, Pedro Aza-Blanc, Manuel E. Ruidiaz, Kazuki N. Sugahara, Tambet Teesalu and Erkki Ruoslahti CendR peptides, based on a C-terminal motif found in neuropilins, have been used to promote drug delivery to tumours by endocytosis. Pang et al. show that CendR peptides are taken up by a mechanistically distinct form of endocytosis that resembles macropinocytosis, and is stimulated by nutrient depletion. 03 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5904 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Cell biology  The pyrido[b]indole MDM2 inhibitor SP-141 exerts potent therapeutic effects in breast cancer models Wei Wang, Jiang-Jiang Qin, Sukesh Voruganti, Kalkunte S. Srivenugopal, Subhasree Nag, Shivaputra Patil, Horrick Sharma, Ming-Hai Wang, Hui Wang, John K Buolamwini and Ruiwen Zhang The oncogene MDM2 has been associated with breast cancer progression and metastasis. Here the authors report the identification of a small molecule that binds MDM2 and that induces its degradation, and that is effective in the treatment of a mouse model of breast cancer. 01 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6086 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Ubiquitin-proteasome system controls ciliogenesis at the initial step of axoneme extension OPEN Kousuke Kasahara, Yoshitaka Kawakami, Tohru Kiyono, Shigenobu Yonemura, Yoshifumi Kawamura, Saho Era, Fumio Matsuzaki, Naoki Goshima and Masaki Inagaki Biogenesis of the primary cilium begins after cell cycle exit, but the regulatory steps for its formation are poorly defined. Here the authors show that proteasome-mediated removal of the ciliogenesis inhibitor, trichoplein, from mother centrioles initiates the first step of ciliogenesis. 01 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6081 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Saturable absorption of intense hard X-rays in iron Hitoki Yoneda, Yuichi Inubushi, Makina Yabashi, Tetsuo Katayama, Tetsuya Ishikawa, Haruhiko Ohashi, Hirokatsu Yumoto, Kazuto Yamauchi, Hidekazu Mimura and Hikaru Kitamura Saturable absorption is a widely used process in optical-wavelength laser technologies that arises when the transmittance of a material increases upon high-intensity light illumination. Here, Yoneda et al. tightly focus free-electron laser light and demonstrate hard X-ray saturable absorption in iron. 01 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6080 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Optical physics  Anisotropic failure of Fourier theory in time-domain thermoreflectance experiments R. B. Wilson and David G. Cahill Fourier’s theory is widely applied to study heat transfer in macroscopic systems. Here, the authors perform time-domain thermoreflectance experiments on systems containing internal interfaces, finding that failure of Fourier theory causes anisotropic thermal transport. 01 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6075 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Materials science  The same self-peptide selects conventional and regulatory CD4+ T cells with identical antigen receptors Lukasz Wojciech, Alicja Ignatowicz, Michal Seweryn, Grzegorz Rempala, Simarjot Singh Pabla, Richard A. McIndoe, Pawel Kisielow and Leszek Ignatowicz Whether differentiation of regulatory and conventional T cells in the thymus requires similar T-cell receptor affinity is not known. Here, the authors show that cells expressing the same T-cell receptor selected on the same ligand can give rise to both lineages, but different sensitivity to negative selection separates their T-cell receptor repertoires. 01 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6061 Biological Sciences  Immunology  Haematopoietic focal adhesion kinase deficiency alters haematopoietic homeostasis to drive tumour metastasis Silvia Batista, Eleni Maniati, Louise E. Reynolds, Bernardo Tavora, Delphine M. Lees, Isabelle Fernandez, George Elia, Oriol Casanovas, Cristina Lo Celso, Thorsten Hagemann and Kairbaan Hodivala-Dilke Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is frequently overexpressed in solid tumours. Here Batista et al. show that loss of FAK skews hematopoietic progenitors toward myeloid differentiation and promotes metastases, warning against the use of FAK inhibitors in anticancer therapies. 01 October 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms6054 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Medical research    Nature Communications JOBS of the week postdoctoral fellow Massachusetts General Hospital Postdoctoral Scientist Medical Research Council Multiple 4-year PhD studentships The University of Manchester PhD Position University of Fribourg Research Assistant Eastern Virginia Medical School Postdoctoral Researcher NUI Maynooth PhD CASE Studentship University of Birmingham Postdoctoral Research Fellow MD Anderson Cancer Center Francis Crick Institute Four Year PhD Studentships 2015 Francis Crick Institute Postdoctoral Fellow Max Planck Florida Institute for Neuroscience More Science jobs from Nature Communications EVENT World CNS Summit 2015: Modeling & Biomarkers 17.02.15 Boston, USA More science events from     Advertisement Polymer Journal is proud to present a special issue on Biorelated Polymers and Materials, which brings together a variety of important reviews and original articles that examine and investigate biological and biomedical polymers for materials science and engineering. 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