Sunday, March 30, 2014

Phys.org Newsletter Sunday, Mar 30

Dear Reader ,

Here is your customized Phys.org Newsletter for March 30, 2014:

Spotlight Stories Headlines

- Container rethink: Ooho team cooks up water holder
- Experts create intelligent 'plaster' to monitor patients
- Heat-conducting polymer cools hot electronic devices at 200 degrees Celsius
- New model reveals multiple compositional components of Earth's deep mantle being carried up to the surface
- Study uncovers secrets of a mollusk's unique bioceramic armor
- Study pinpoints why we miss subtle visual changes, and why it keeps us sane
- Researchers reverse a liver disorder in mice by correcting a mutated gene
- New study finds strong link between obesity and 'carb breakdown' gene
- Cleaner than electric? Mazda talks up gasoline engine fuel economy ambitions for SkyActiv 2
- In new social networks, anonymity is all the rage
- Meeting climate targets may require reducing meat and dairy consumption
- Encryption companies rise as anxiety over data mounts
- Alternative treatment for cholesterol shows promise
- Sony Digital Paper offers 12.6-ounce business rewrite
- Rail link is new 'silk road' from China to heart of Europe

Technology news

Turkish court backs Twitter but site still blocked
In a second ruling against Turkey's ban on Twitter, a Turkish court has overturned an order for the social media network to remove an account that accuses a former minister of corruption, reports said Saturday.

US 'restrained' in cyber operations - Pentagon chief
The United States will show "restraint" in cyber operations outside of US government networks, Secretary of Defense Chuck Hagel said Friday, urging other countries to do the same.

Taiwan's Hon Hai profit up 12.7% in 2013 on iPhone demand
Taiwan tech giant Hon Hai Precision, the world's largest contract manufacturer for electronics, saw its net profit rise 12.7 percent on-year in 2013, bolstered by demand for Apple's new products.

Flight 370 search shifts after new look at data
Three weeks into the mystery of Flight 370, investigators relying on newly analyzed satellite data shifted the search zone yet again, focusing on a swath of Indian Ocean where better conditions could help speed a hunt that is now concentrated thousands of miles from where it began.

Seabed of jet hunt zone mostly flat with one trench (Update)
Two miles beneath the sea surface where satellites and planes are looking for debris from the missing Malaysian jet, the ocean floor is cold, dark, covered in a squishy muck of dead plankton and—in a potential break for the search—mostly flat. The troubling exception is a steep, rocky drop ending in a deep trench.

Connected watches, virtually absent but still creating buzz at Baselworld
Watches that connect to your smartphone or even a satellite to ensure perfect time, regardless of where you are in the world, or alert you if you leave your phone behind?

Encryption companies rise as anxiety over data mounts
Investors are pumping millions of dollars into encryption as unease about data security drives a rising need for ways to keep unwanted eyes away from personal and corporate information.

Sony Digital Paper offers 12.6-ounce business rewrite
(Phys.org) —Sony announced Thursday that its Digital Paper device will be available in May through a select group of Worldox agents, priced at $1,100. The product is intended for professionals catching on to how much more effective business operations might be if not overwhelmed by a daily piled-up clutter of yellow pads, loose papers, filing tasks, and storage bins. Targeted customers of Digital Paper include lawyers, government workers, academics and researchers.

Rail link is new 'silk road' from China to heart of Europe
It is one of the world's longest railways—an approximately 11,000-kilometre "modern-day silk road" that traverses Russia and Kazakhstan to link a megacity in the heart of China with a key commercial hub in western Germany.

Apple and Samsung to renew patent battle in US court
Apple and Samsung will return to federal court in the heart of Silicon Valley on Monday for a new round in their seemingly perpetual patent war.

In new social networks, anonymity is all the rage
When mobile social app Yik Yak swept into Auburn University, some of the coolest kids were quick to start posting on it. But no one knows who is saying what because the comments are anonymous.

Cleaner than electric? Mazda talks up gasoline engine fuel economy ambitions for SkyActiv 2
(Phys.org) —Auto-focused sites are buzzing over a recent report in Autocar, reporting Japanese automobile manufacturer Mazda's future gasoline engine technology, which will reduce carbon dioxide emissions below the amount generated to power electric cars.

Medicine & Health news

Federal health care website taken down briefly
The Obama administration says its health care sign-up website was taken down briefly Friday, with consumer interest surging and only three days left to enrollment.

Drilling into the trends in genetics and epigenetics of aging and longevity
An international group of scientists performed a comprehensive analysis of the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms and demonstrated that the majority of the genes, as well as genetic and epigenetic mechanisms that are involved in regulation of longevity, are highly interconnected and related to stress response. Also, for the first time, the group performed a comprehensive analysis of government research grants related to the genes involved in aging.

Pakistan to vaccinate 750,000 children in troubled northwest
Pakistani health teams will Sunday launch a drive to vaccinate some 750,000 children in the troubled northwest, with thousands of police guarding against attacks by militants who claim the polio campaign is a front for spying.

Guinea battles to contain Ebola as Senegal closes its border (Update)
Guinea raced Saturday to contain a deadly Ebola epidemic spreading from its southern forests to the capital Conakry, as neighbouring Senegal closed its border.

Uruguay to track pot by genetic markers
Uruguay's drug czar says every legal marijuana plant in Uruguay will be registered and tracked using radio frequency tags, and that state-grown marijuana will be cloned to include genetic markers, making sure that what's grown here, stays here.

Health law legacy eludes Obama as changes sink in
President Barack Obama's health care law has indeed managed to change the U.S., but major elements of his signature domestic achievement face an uncertain future as a roller-coaster enrollment period winds down.

Senegal closes border with Guinea over Ebola fears
Senegal has closed its land border with neighboring Guinea to prevent the spread of the Ebola outbreak, which has killed at least 70 people.

Too many diet drinks may spell heart trouble for older women
It appears healthy postmenopausal women who drink two or more diet drinks a day may be more likely to have a heart attack, stroke or other cardiovascular problems, according to research to be presented at the American College of Cardiology's 63rd Annual Scientific Session.

Celiac disease linked to increased risk of coronary artery disease
People with celiac disease may have a near two-fold increased risk of coronary artery disease compared with the general population, according to research to be presented at the American College of Cardiology's 63rd Annual Scientific Session.

Are statins good for your love life?
Statins are associated with a significant improvement in erectile function, a fact researchers hope will encourage men who need statins to reduce their risk of heart attack to take them, according to research to be presented at the American College of Cardiology's 63rd Annual Scientific Session.

Study finds astronauts' hearts become more spherical in space
New findings from a study of 12 astronauts show the heart becomes more spherical when exposed to long periods of microgravity in space, a change that could lead to cardiac problems, according to research to be presented at the American College of Cardiology's 63rd Annual Scientific Session.

Daylight saving impacts the timing of heart attacks
Still feeling the residual effects of springing ahead for daylight saving time? The hour of sleep lost – or gained – may play a bigger, perhaps more dangerous role in our body's natural rhythm than we think. It seems moving the clock forward or backward may alter the timing of when heart attacks occur in the week following these time changes, according to research to be presented at the American College of Cardiology's 63rd Annual Scientific Session.

Analysis supports use of risk equations to guide statin therapy
In an analysis of almost 11,000 patients, an assessment of equations that help guide whether a patient should begin taking a statin (cholesterol lowering medication) found that observed and predicted 5-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risks were similar, suggesting that these equations are helpful for clinical decision making, according to a JAMA study released online to coincide with presentation at the 2014 American College of Cardiology Scientific Sessions.

Relaxed blood pressure guidelines cut millions from needing medication
New guidelines that ease the recommended blood pressure could result in 5.8 million U.S. adults no longer needing hypertension medication, according to an analysis by Duke Medicine researchers.

Study estimates proportion of adults affected by new blood pressure guideline
Applying the updated 2014 blood pressure (BP) guideline to the U.S. population suggests that nearly 6 million adults are no longer classified as needing hypertension medication, and that an estimated 13.5 million adults would now be considered as having achieved goal blood pressure, primarily older adults, according to a JAMA study released online to coincide with the 2014 American College of Cardiology Scientific Sessions.

US, European cholesterol guidelines differ in statin use recommendations
Application of U.S. and European cholesterol guidelines to a European population found that proportions of individuals eligible for statins differed substantially, with one U.S. guideline recommending statins for nearly all men and two-thirds of women, proportions exceeding those of the other guidelines, according to a JAMA study released online to coincide with the 2014 American College of Cardiology Scientific Sessions.

New approach to leukemia testing may better define prognosis, treatment
Nearly half of patients with the most common form of adult leukemia are said to have normal chromosomes but appear instead to have a distinct pattern of genetic abnormalities that could better define their prognosis and treatment, researchers report.

Commonly used intra-aortic balloon pump may have broader potential for heart patients
The most frequently used mechanical circulatory assist device in the world may have untapped potential, physicians say.

Medication does not reduce risk of recurrent CV events among patients with diabetes
Use of the drug aleglitazar, which has shown the ability to lower glucose levels and have favorable effects on cholesterol, did not reduce the risk of cardiovascular death, heart attack or stroke among patients with type 2 diabetes and recent heart attack or unstable angina, according to a JAMA study released online to coincide with presentation at the 2014 American College of Cardiology Scientific Sessions.

Study compares heart valve systems
Among patients undergoing aortic valve replacement using a catheter tube, a comparison of two types of heart valve technologies, balloon-expandable or self-expandable valve systems, found a greater rate of device success with the balloon-expandable valve, according to a JAMA study released online to coincide with presentation at the 2014 American College of Cardiology Scientific Sessions.

Researchers identify new protein markers that may improve understanding of heart disease
Researchers at the Intermountain Medical Center Heart Institute in Murray, Utah, have discovered that elevated levels of two recently identified proteins in the body are inflammatory markers and indicators of the presence of cardiovascular disease.

Genetic markers may predict when people with heart disease are likely to have a heart attack
Researchers at the Intermountain Medical Center Heart Institute in Salt Lake City have identified a biological process that may help physicians predict when someone with heart disease is likely to have a heart attack in the near future.

Health overhaul signup ends, survives for now
Monday marks the end of the six-month sign-up period for insurance under President Barack Obama's health care overhaul, a highly controversial attempt to reduce the number of Americans without medical coverage, estimated at about 50 million.

Test accurately rules out heart attacks in the ER (Update)
A simple test appears very good at ruling out heart attacks in people who go to emergency rooms with chest pain, a big public health issue and a huge worry for patients.

New study confirms benefits of treating heart attack patients with a cheap drug
One dose of the drug metoprolol, if given to heart attack patients early—during ambulance transit to hospital—can significantly improve the contractile strength of the heart muscle. And this improvement is maintained for at least six months after the intervention, according to the results of the follow-up study of patients included in the METOCARD-CNIC clinical trial, published in the latest edition of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, one of the leading journals in the cardiovascular area.

Novel therapy fails for lowering blood pressure
An experimental therapy that was once hailed as a possible cure for people whose high blood pressure does not respond to medication, has been shown to be ineffective, a US study said Saturday.

Huntington's disease: Study discovers potassium boost improves walking in mouse model
Tweaking a specific cell type's ability to absorb potassium in the brain improved walking and prolonged survival in a mouse model of Huntington's disease, reports a UCLA study published March 30 in the online edition of Nature Neuroscience. The discovery could point to new drug targets for treating the devastating disease, which strikes one in every 20,000 Americans.

Genetic mutations warn of skin cancer risk
Researchers have discovered that mutations in a specific gene are responsible for a hereditary form of melanoma.

Alternative treatment for cholesterol shows promise
An experimental treatment has shown promise in lowering bad cholesterol, offering hope for people at risk of heart disease but who cannot tolerate drugs known as statins, researchers said Sunday.

Study pinpoints why we miss subtle visual changes, and why it keeps us sane
Ever notice how Harry Potter's T-shirt abruptly changes from a crewneck to a henley shirt in "The Order of the Phoenix," or how in "Pretty Woman," Julia Roberts' croissant inexplicably morphs into a pancake? Don't worry if you missed those continuity bloopers. Vision scientists at the University of California, Berkeley, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have discovered an upside to the brain mechanism that can blind us to subtle changes in movies and in the real world.

New study finds strong link between obesity and 'carb breakdown' gene
Researchers at King's College London and Imperial College London have discovered that people with fewer copies of a gene coding for a carb-digesting enzyme may be at higher risk of obesity. The findings, published in Nature Genetics, suggest that dietary advice may need to be more tailored to an individual's digestive system, based on whether they have the genetic predisposition and necessary enzymes to digest different foods.

Biology news

Quest for oil threatens Africa's oldest wildlife reserve
The quest for oil may be the latest threat to Africa's most venerable wildlife reserve, located in the Democratic Republic of Congo, and already hard hit by deforestation, poaching and armed conflict.

Scientists offer 'best practices' nutrition measurement for researchers
At first glance, measuring what the common fruit fly eats might seem like a trivial matter, but it is absolutely critical when it comes to conducting studies of aging, health, metabolism and disease. How researchers measure consumption can make all the difference in the accuracy of a study's conclusions.

Researchers reverse a liver disorder in mice by correcting a mutated gene
Using a new gene-editing system based on bacterial proteins, MIT researchers have cured mice of a rare liver disorder caused by a single genetic mutation.


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