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Here is your customized Phys.org Newsletter for March 28, 2014:
Spotlight Stories Headlines
- Physicists propose explanation for metals behaving badly- Photosynthesis reimagined
- Turning graphite into diamond
- Semiconductor material can be magnetized with light, suggesting new technology opportunities
- Revolutionary solar cells double as lasers
- Fabricating nanostructures with silk could make clean rooms green rooms
- Researchers create a reference atlas for neural circuits in fruit fly larvae
- Research duo quantify global human migration numbers
- Rainbow-catching waveguide could revolutionize energy technologies
- Researchers show polymerized nanocubes form complex structures
- Ultra tiny camera has no lens – uses algorithm to develop pictures
- Comet lander awakes from long hibernation
- The opposition of Mars
- Detour leads to antibiotic resistance
- A tetrad of Lunar eclipses
Astronomy & Space news
Creating virtual universes with Swinburne's Theoretical Astrophysical Observatory
Swinburne University of Technology has launched a free online astronomy virtual laboratory that will allow scientists to build complex customised views of the Universe, all from the comfort of their own computer.
NASA aces delicate operation with aircraft tail
Descending inch by inch, the crane operator cautiously lowered the fragile cargo toward the hard floor below. Dozens of eyes, human and electronic, watched along to ensure a clear path. One slip, one inadvertent touch against the wall, and disaster might mark the day.
Cleaner NASA rover sees its shadow in Martian spring
(Phys.org) —Late afternoon lighting produced a dramatic shadow of NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity photographed by the rover's rear hazard-avoidance camera on March 20, 2014.
Reworking the human genome so people can colonize other planets
If you haven't thought about reworking the human genome so people can colonize other planets, don't worry. Plenty of people are on it.
Scientists at work: Building up BICEP2 at the South Pole to make discovery of the year
The astronomical instrument BICEP2 was deployed at the South Pole in 2009 to look for evidence that would support the theory of inflation, which tries to explain how the universe looked a trillionth of a second after the Big Bang.
Russian spacecraft docks at ISS after two-day delay (Update)
A Moscow-backed spacecraft carrying two Russians and a US astronaut on Friday docked successfully at the International Space Station after a technical hitch caused an unprecedented two-day delay.
A tetrad of Lunar eclipses
For people in the United States, an extraordinary series of lunar eclipses is about to begin.
The opposition of Mars
By the time you finish reading this story, you'll be about 1,000 km closer to the planet Mars.
Comet lander awakes from long hibernation
European space experts said on Friday they had successfully reawakened a fridge-sized robot designed to make the first-ever spacecraft landing on a comet.
Technology news
Action, special effects helps Hollywood in China (Update)
Captain America and Spider-Man are seeking to dominate the Chinese box office in the coming weeks, proving that U.S. patriotic superheroes can overcome China's leeriness of foreign films if they promise big money.
TiiMS and NASA-Langley developing structure for noise reduction in commercial aircraft
(Phys.org) —A team from the Texas Institute for Intelligent Materials (TiiMS) at Texas A&M University along with researchers from the ASME Active and Multifunctional Materials Technical Committee at NASA-Langley have begun collaborations on the development of a new implementation of shape memory alloys (SMAs) for the purpose of reducing airframe noise.
Scientists study whether biofuels are more or less toxic than conventional fuels
With biofuels being used globally on a wider scale than ever before, scientists are discussing the implications of their use on human and environmental health at the Society of Toxicology (SOT) 53rd Annual Meeting and ToxExpo in Phoenix, Ariz.
Study says Internet providers should be more transparent about data privacy
A new report by leading privacy experts has revealed that Canadian Internet providers need to be much more transparent about how they protect their customers' private information. The report found that while all providers had room for improvement, smaller independent providers tend to be more transparent overall than their larger counterparts. Smaller providers also got credit for being more transparent about their user privacy protection and for more visibly keeping domestic Canadian Internet traffic within Canada.
Mining data from social media during times of natural or other disaster
Computer technology that can mine data from social media during times of natural or other disaster could provide invaluable insights for rescue workers and decision makers, according to an international team writing in the International Journal of Emergency Management.
Students help test new Google device
Deirdre Dugan's shift as a hospital charge nurse was eventful.
Fandango, Credit Karma in security-flaw settlement
The Federal Trade Commission says the mobile apps of movie ticket seller Fandango and credit report provider Credit Karma may have exposed millions of users' sensitive personal information, including credit card data and social security numbers.
Amazon says no plans to offer free video service
Amazon says it has no plans to offer a free streaming media service, addressing speculation ahead of a media event in New York next Wednesday.
Technology hindered, helped search for Flight 370
The disappearance of Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 has presented two tales of modern technology. The limitations of tracking and communications devices allowed the plane to vanish from sight for nearly three weeks. But satellites' advanced capabilities have provided hope that the mystery won't go unsolved.
BlackBerry revenue falls below a $1 billion (Update)
BlackBerry reported a steep drop in profit and revenue Friday as it transitions from a smartphone company to a software business under its new chief executive. Shares rose five percent in morning trading as CEO John Chen cut expenses quicker than expected.
Microsoft's Office apps for iPad ushers in new era
Microsoft has released an iPad version of its popular Office software suite, a breakthrough heralding a new era under a CEO who promises to focus more on the devices that people are using instead of trying to protect the company's lucrative Windows franchise.
Sociologists find emerging condition, 'cyberasociality'
(Phys.org) —Not every single user – among the billions collecting friends and followers on Facebook, Twitter, Google+, LinkedIn and other social media platforms – is perfectly comfortable conducting his or her social life online, according to sociologists at Cornell and the University of North Carolina.
Oculus Rift brings a whole new dimension to communication
Mark Zuckerberg's latest spending spree has landed Facebook an exciting new gadget in the form of the Oculus Rift, a virtual reality headset that is used by gamers and researchers alike to enhance encounters.
Engineers print a functioning 1.5m-wide prototype unmanned aerial vehicle
(Phys.org) —Engineers at the Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre (AMRC) at the University of Sheffield have successfully printed a 1.5m-wide prototype unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for a research project looking at 3D printing of complex designs.
Alternative input methods for smart phones
Alternative input methods for smart phones, such as Swype and SwiftKey, offer substantial benefits to users and are comparable with common typing speeds found on computer keyboards, according to a report published by researchers at Loughborough University. Writing in a forthcoming issue of the Journal of Design Research, Tom Page, a lecturer in electronic product design, has assessed a number of different text input technologies available to smart phone users.
New Malaysia plane search area turns up objects
Australian officials moved the search area for the lost Malaysian jetliner 1,100 kilometers (680 miles) to the northeast Friday following a new analysis of radar data, and planes quickly found multiple objects in the new zone.
US closes investigation of Tesla battery fires
The U.S. government's auto safety watchdog has closed an investigation into Tesla electric car battery fires after the company said it would install more shields beneath the cars.
Ecuador president says Twitter account hacked
Ecuador's President Rafael Correa has said his Twitter account was hacked, blaming right-wing foreign groups for posting false tweets in his name.
Microsoft reverses, vows not to snoop on emails
A week after saying it was justified in snooping through a blogger's Hotmail account to track down a leaker of company software, Microsoft has changed course, saying it will refer such matters to law enforcement starting immediately.
Pentagon to triple cyber staff to thwart attacks
Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel says the Pentagon plans to more than triple its cybersecurity staff in the next few years to defend against computer-based attacks.
Microsoft chief crows on Twitter as iPad Office soars
Microsoft chief Satya Nadella took to Twitter to crow on Friday as Office software tailored for iPads soared to the top of the charts at Apple's online App Store.
Ultra tiny camera has no lens – uses algorithm to develop pictures
(Phys.org) —An extremely tiny lensless camera, developed by Rambus, has been slowly making waves over the past year. Researchers for the company, David Stork and Patrick Gill won a Best Paper award at last year's Sencomm 2013 for describing what the company has created. They spoke again at last month's Mobile World Congress, describing their new type of camera—one that might someday soon be used to give virtually any digital device, some degree of vision.
Facebook wants to beam the Internet from the sky
Facebook revealed Thursday it has a lab working on using drones, satellites and solar-powered planes to provide web access around the world.
New iPhone likely out in September, Nikkei daily says
Apple is to release its newest iPhone in September, with higher resolution and bigger screens, a report said Friday, its latest salvo in the smartphone wars where it has lost global market share to rivals such as Samsung.
The 'bricycle' dilemma - to steer or balance?
(Phys.org) —When you were learning to ride a bicycle you thought gravity was your enemy, trying to make you fall over. But without gravity, you wouldn't be able to steer, say Cornell engineers. To demonstrate the concept, they built a hybrid vehicle they call a "bricycle" – a cross between a bicycle and a tricycle – that demonstrates what it would be like to ride a bike in zero-G. (Assume you have magnetic wheels to keep you on the floor.)
Medicine & Health news
Irish pubs keep spark despite a decade smoke-free
Ten years ago this week, landlord Christy Ruane feared the introduction of the smoking ban in Ireland would stub out his business, and with it the popularity of the traditional Irish pub.
Call for more awareness of sexual dysfunction in lung cancer patients
Many lung cancer patients suffer difficulties with sexual expression and intimacy, yet for too long the topic has been ignored by doctors and researchers, experts have said at the 4th European Lung Cancer Conference (ELCC).
Poll: Obama health law fails to gain support
Public support for President Barack Obama's health care law—his signature domestic achievement—is languishing at its lowest level since passage of the landmark legislation four years ago, according to a new poll.
Health workers 'inadequately' trained to treat minority ethnic groups
Health professionals are suffering from severe professional anxiety because they are being inadequately trained to treat minority ethnic groups – with their treatment often based on cultural stereotypes, research has found.
Drug that strengthens analgesic effect of opioids without increasing constipation tested
Scientists from the University of Granada have taken part, alongside the Esteve laboratory, in the development of a new drug that multiplies the analgesic effect of opioids (drugs for treating intense pain), without increasing constipation, one of the most common side-effects of these drugs, among which is morphine.
Nursing's new high-tech trainers
Imagine a mannequin that can bleed, sweat, blink, cough, vomit and cry. Now imagine being able to put that to use as a training tool.
Summer Treatment Program helps children with ADHD benefit from sports, research shows
A summer program at FIU is proving that children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) can excel in team sports and benefit from the experience.
New Parkinson's disease chemical messenger discovered
A new chemical messenger that is critical in protecting the brain against Parkinson's disease has been identified by scientists at the Medical Research Council (MRC) Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit at the University of Dundee.
Stool samples provide marker for bowel disease
A novel method for distinguishing different types of bowel disease using the stool samples of patients has been created by a group of researchers in the UK.
Discovery signals new treatment for those at high risk of breast and ovarian cancer
Cancer researchers at Queen's University Belfast have made a breakthrough which could signal new treatments for women at high risk of breast and ovarian cancer.
Esophageal function implicated in life-threatening experiences in infants, study suggests
About 1 percent of all emergency room visits are prompted by near-death experiences in infants, such as extended periods without breathing or sudden changes in skin pallor or muscle tone. What causes these frightening experiences is often unknown, but the result can be long hospital stays and neurological impairment.
Ethics of routine treatment to pregnant women questioned
Routine treatment given to pregnant women who have a RhD negative blood group is being questioned on ethical grounds in a recent report published in Biomedical Central.
Autism prevalence continues to rise
According to a new report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the estimated prevalence of autism among 8-year-olds in New Jersey rose in the latest reporting year, 2010, to nearly 22 children per thousand, or approximately one child in 45. That figure represents the "highest ever reported for a single site" since the CDC started closely monitoring 11 U.S. states in 2000.
Erectile dysfunction can be reversed without medication
(Medical Xpress)—Men suffering from sexual dysfunction can be successful at reversing their problem, by focusing on lifestyle factors and not just relying on medication, according to new research at the University of Adelaide.
Autism as a facet of experience, not a limit
Temple Grandin, a professor of animal science at Colorado State, brought her experience with autism, with which she was diagnosed at age 2, and insights from years of activism to a talk at the Graduate School of Education (GSE) Wednesday.
Eating organic food doesn't lower your overall risk of cancer, study says
(Medical Xpress)—Women who always or mostly eat organic foods have the same likelihood of developing cancer as women who eat conventionally produced foods, according to an Oxford University study.
Researchers testing gene therapy to thwart effects of multiple sclerosis
(Medical Xpress)—In patients with multiple sclerosis, the body turns on itself, launching an immune system attack that destroys the coating around nerve fibers in the central nervous system, leaving them exposed like bare wires. Similar to exposed electrical lines, the unprotected fibers touch and short out, leading to the neurodegenerative effects that are a hallmark of multiple sclerosis.
3Qs: Psychological basis for fascination with mystery
When Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 disappeared on March 8, the world responded with an outpouring of attention and curiosity. Only in recent days have Malaysian officials publicly announced the plane likely crashed and satellites finding "credible" evidence of potential debris. Still, so much uncertainty about what happened remains. Northeastern psychology associate professor John Coley's research focuses on how we mentally organize our knowledge of the world, and how we use it to make predictions. We asked him to explain why humans have a deep-seated need for explanations.
Cancer drug RG7813 launches in its first clinical trial
(Medical Xpress)—A new cancer drug, based on further development of a discovery originally made by Cancer Research UK, has entered a clinical trial to target a wide range of cancers.
Student may have found 'missing link' of meiosis
(Medical Xpress)—It's been dubbed the holy grail of meiosis – the missing link that connects DNA repair, replication and recombination – and Najla Al-Sweel believes she may have found it. The generosity of Cornell alumni will help further investigate her discovery and share it with the world.
Even if they don't reduce body fat, obesity prevention programs can lower kids' blood pressure
(Medical Xpress)—One of the serious health consequences of obesity is elevated blood pressure (BP), a particular problem in children because research has found that high BP in children usually follows them into adulthood, carrying with it a wide range of possible negative consequences.
A window on how language develops
Linguists have long debated what aspects of language are transmitted through culture and what aspects must be hard-wired into our brains. But it's impossible to take away the culture and study language development in isolation: you can't raise a baby in a laboratory and see if she figures out how to talk. So when a newly developed language is discovered, researchers are tantalized by the opportunity to learn how its speakers developed a way to communicate.
Study shows why doctors over-prescribe antibiotics
(Medical Xpress)—New research from a University of Queensland sociologist shows many doctors over-prescribe antibiotics because they want the best outcomes for individual patients.
Researchers seek to improve listening with cochlear implants, hearing aids
(Medical Xpress)—Over the past two decades, people living with severe-to-profound hearing loss have benefited from cochlear implants—surgically implanted electronic devices that provide a sense of sound. More recently, hearing-impaired individuals with residual low-frequency hearing also have found improvements by supplementing the cochlear implant on one side with a contralateral hearing aid on the nonimplanted side.
Research shows gastric surgery halves risk of heart attack in obese people
(Medical Xpress)—Obese people who have stomach surgery to help them lose weight will halve their risk of heart attack according to new research from a team of doctors at the University of East Anglia, University of Manchester and University of Aberdeen.
A genetic mouse model could help improve therapies for bipolar disorder
Bipolar disorder is a mental illness characterized by episodic mood swings that can impair the ability of sufferers to function in ordinary life. Lithium is one of the most effective treatments for the disorder, but the biological basis for its effectiveness has remained unclear. Tetsuo Ohnishi and colleagues from the RIKEN Brain Science Institute and RIKEN BioResource Center have now produced a genetic mouse model to show that lithium's therapeutic effect stems from its suppression of a biomolecule called myo-inositol.
Stressful events linked to genetic changes that increase risk of depression
(Medical Xpress)—Researchers from Trinity College Dublin's Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Psychiatry believe stressful life events greatly enhance the risk of depression affecting people in later life. They link this phenomenon to changes in genetic expression, which only occur following exposure to a stressful event.
Most cancer survivors not exercising enough to benefit
Despite the benefits that physical activity can offer, a mere 10% of cancer survivors are exercising enough to reap those benefits, according to research conducted by Yale Cancer Center and the Yale School of Public Health. The findings will be presented beginning April 5, at the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2014, in San Diego.
Creativity and the mentally ill
Mental illness and creativity have long been linked, yet how inspiration drives creative thinking has remained a mystery.
Perth women manage gestational diabetes with exercise
Pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are better able to manage the condition and symptoms with home-based exercise.
Eating fruits and vegetables linked to healthier arteries later in life
Women who ate a diet high in fresh fruits and vegetables as young adults were much less likely to have plaque build-up in their arteries 20 years later compared with those who consumed lower amounts of these foods, according to research to be presented at the American College of Cardiology's 63rd Annual Scientific Session. This new finding reinforces the importance of developing healthy eating habits early in life.
Number of babies mom has may play role in future cardiovascular health
Women who give birth to four or more children are much more likely to have evidence of plaque in their heart or thickening of their arteries – early signs of cardiovascular disease – compared with those having fewer pregnancies, according to research to be presented at the American College of Cardiology's 63rd Annual Scientific Session.
Concerning number of kids have elevated cholesterol
Roughly one out of three kids screened for high cholesterol between the ages of 9 and 11 has borderline or high cholesterol, potentially placing them at greater risk for future cardiovascular disease, according to research to be presented at the American College of Cardiology's 63rd Annual Scientific Session.
TV linked to poor snacking habits, cardiovascular risk in middle schoolers
Middle school kids who park themselves in front of the TV for two hours or more each day are more likely to consume junk food and have risk factors for cardiovascular disease, even compared to those who spend an equal amount of time on the computer or playing video games, according to research to be presented at the American College of Cardiology's 63rd Annual Scientific Session.
Researchers identify good bacteria that protects against HIV
Researchers at the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston by growing vaginal skin cells outside the body and studying the way they interact with "good and bad" bacteria, think they may be able to better identify the good bacteria that protect women from HIV infection and other sexually transmitted infections.
Underweight people at as high risk of dying as obese people, new study finds
Being underweight puts people at highest risk of dying, just as obesity does, new research has found.
Religion, spirituality influence health in different but complementary ways
Religion and spirituality have distinct but complementary influences on health, new research from Oregon State University indicates.
Ebola 'a regional threat' as contagion hits Guinea capital
Guinea's capital Conakry was on high alert on Friday after a deadly Ebola epidemic which has killed dozens in the southern forests was confirmed to have spread to the sprawling port city of two million people.
Gene may predict if further cancer treatments are needed
UT Southwestern Medical Center researchers are developing a new predictive tool that could help patients with breast cancer and certain lung cancers decide whether follow-up treatments are likely to help.
Repeated hUCB injections may improve prognosis of children with deadly inherited disorder
New insight has been gained into treating an inherited disorder that creates serious neurological and behavioral disabilities in children and usually leads to death in the teen years.
MMA brain injury risk higher than boxing, study finds
A new study says about a third of professional mixed martial arts matches end in knockout or technical knockout, indicating a higher incidence of brain trauma than boxing or other martial arts.
Safety and immunogenicity of two doses of the HPV-16/18 AS04 adjuvanted vaccine Cervarix
A recent study in the journal Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, showed that two doses of the HPV-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine Cervarix (GlaxoSmithKline) are non-inferior to three-doses in the current schedule.
Adjuvant chemotherapy increases markers of molecular aging in the blood of BC survivors
Adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer is "gerontogenic", accelerating the pace of physiologic aging, according to a new study published March 28 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
Team shows cancer chemotherapy accelerates 'molecular aging'
Physicians have long suspected that chemotherapy can accelerate the aging process in patients treated for cancer. Using a test developed at UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center to determine molecular aging, UNC oncologists have directly measured the impact of anti-cancer chemotherapy drugs on biological aging.
Eight cases of Ebola turn up in Guinea's capital
Health officials in the West African nation of Guinea say they're now treating eight cases of Ebola in the capital.
Pre-op pregabalin best for pain in spinal surgery
(HealthDay)—Preoperative pregabalin is superior to either gabapentin or placebo for the relief of pain in patients undergoing lumbar discectomy, according to a study published in the March 15 issue of Spine.
Coronary CT angiography IDs cardiac allograft vasculopathy
(HealthDay)—Noninvasive coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) is a reliable alternative to coronary angiography for detection of cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV), according to a meta-analysis published online March 26 in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
Urinary incontinence ups risk of depression in older women
(HealthDay)—Older women with urinary incontinence may be at increased risk for depression and work disability, according to research published in the April issue of Obstetrics & Gynecology.
Brain scans link concern for justice with reason, not emotion
(Medical Xpress)—People who care about justice are swayed more by reason than emotion, according to new brain scan research from the Department of Psychology and Center for Cognitive and Social Neuroscience.
Marriage linked to lower heart risks in study of 3.5 million adults
People who are married have lower rates of several cardiovascular diseases compared with those who are single, divorced or widowed, according to research to be presented at the American College of Cardiology's 63rd Annual Scientific Session. The relationship between marriage and lower odds of vascular diseases is especially pronounced before age 50.
Researchers create a reference atlas for neural circuits in fruit fly larvae
(Medical Xpress)—A team of researchers from Johns Hopkins University and Janelia Farm Research Campus has developed a new technique for studying neural circuits that helps tie circuit activity to organism behavior. In their paper published in the journal Science, the team describes how they used light activated proteins in neurons in conjunction with statistical analysis to create a reference atlas that describes 29 individual fruit fly larvae phenotypes.
Biology news
New probiotic improves pig health, reduces manure output
A new probiotic for pigs could mean less manure to manage, according to U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) studies. Agricultural Research Service (ARS) scientists conducted the first published investigation of the use of bacteria as a probiotic to increase fiber fermentation rates and reduce manure output in pigs that consume high-fiber diets. ARS is USDA's chief intramural scientific research agency.
Moving horses from pasture to stabling can put them at risk of colic
Injury, a change in the weather, a new livery—at some point in a horse's life it will experience a move from pasture to stabling. Experts at The University of Nottingham's School of Veterinary Medicine and Science have published research which shows this change in living conditions could play a key role in the onset of colic—a leading cause of death in horses.
Winter bug count nets unexpected discoveries
A type of ant that usually resides in warm climates was found for the first time in Canada, in an apartment in Westlock in the dead of winter.
A safe, cheap and effective method for slow-freezing human stem cells
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) show great potential and versatility in regenerative medicine and new therapeutic approaches to fight disease. Patient-specific, individualized treatments using stem cells have even been generated for a number of diseases. Although further research into hPSCs is needed in order to harness their full potential, preserving the stem cells and storing them in the large numbers required for research has proved difficult.
Genetic engineering increases yield of biodegradable plastic from cyanobacteria
The production of plastics using biological systems such as bacteria could lead to the sustainable manufacture of biodegradable and biocompatible plastics using carbon from the atmosphere. So far, however, it has proved exceedingly difficult to increase the yields of bioplastics to industrially viable levels. Takashi Osanai, Masami Yokota Hirai and colleagues from the RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science have now engineered a cyanobacterium strain that produces triple the normal yield of the bioplastic polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB).
Variety the spice of life for pollinating insects
Planting a variety of flowers on farmland could boost the number and diversity of pollinating insects, according to new research.
There's just one thing stopping killer shrimp from wreaking even more havoc
Alien species become invasive when their introduction to an ecosystem ends up causing ecological disruption in their new home. Cane toads, rabbits, water hyacinth, and zebra mussels are all infamous examples. Often these creatures are introduced to get rid of "pests".
Moth lineage provides a key to species diversification
To many, moths are just the dull relatives of butterflies that often startle us in the dark. But for UH Mānoa Junior Researcher Dr. William Haines, former Junior Researcher Dr. Patrick Schmitz and Professor Daniel Rubinoff, these fascinating creatures provide insights into Hawai'i's ancient, vanished ecosystems. The College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources entomologists published their findings in an article, "Ancient diversification of Hyposmocoma moths in Hawaiʻi," in the March 20 edition of the online journal Nature Communications.
Hormone causes dividing plant cell to rebel
Cell division in plants is governed by a physical law. A law that was postulated in the 19th century and tested in a two-dimensional plane many times after that. In an article published in the top journal Developmental Cell on 27 March, researchers from Wageningen University show that the law applies equally in 3D. However, the plant hormone auxin then breaks this law, steering growth to generate the organised plants we all know and love.
Detour leads to antibiotic resistance
Ludwig Maximilian University researchers have used cryo-electron microscopic imaging to characterize the structural alterations in the bacterial ribosome that are required for induction of resistance to the antibiotic erythromycin.
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