Nature Climate Change Contents January 2014 Volume 4 Number 1 pp 1-74

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TABLE OF CONTENTS January 2014 Volume 4, Issue 1 Editorials Commentaries Policy Watch Correction Research Highlights News and Views Perspectives Review Letters Article Erratum Corrigendum Subscribe   Facebook   RSS   Recommend to library   Twitter   Advertisement NatureJournals app for iPad The NatureJournals app for iPad now boasts over 25 Nature-branded titles. Subscribe to any journal in the app for $35.99* and gain access to world class research on the move. www.nature.com/content/app/anytitleoffer  *Apple exchange rates apply. Limited time offer available on all journals except Scientific Reports. iPad is a trademark of Apple Inc.     Editorials Top Too little, too late? p1 doi:10.1038/nclimate2095 Limited progress was made in Warsaw towards a universal agreement on action over climate change. Blind stock-taking p1 doi:10.1038/nclimate2096 For the past six months Nature Climate Change has been offering authors the option of double-blind peer review. Here we report on some preliminary findings from the trial. Commentaries Top Ruminants, climate change and climate policy pp2 - 5 William J. Ripple, Pete Smith, Helmut Haberl, Stephen A. Montzka, Clive McAlpine and Douglas H. Boucher doi:10.1038/nclimate2081 Greenhouse gas emissions from ruminant meat production are significant. Reductions in global ruminant numbers could make a substantial contribution to climate change mitigation goals and yield important social and environmental co-benefits. Social learning and sustainable development pp5 - 7 Patti Kristjanson, Blane Harvey, Marissa Van Epp and Philip K. Thornton doi:10.1038/nclimate2080 To understand what social learning approaches can offer the sciences of adaptation and mitigation, we need to assemble an appropriate evidence base. Policy Watch Top Climate policy confronts competitiveness pp8 - 9 Sonja van Renssen doi:10.1038/nclimate2083 Europe must come up with effective climate, environment and energy policies that do not jeopardize economic competitiveness. Sonja van Renssen explores worries voiced within industry. Correction Top Correction p8 doi:10.1038/nclimate2099 See also: Market Watch by Anna Petherick Research Highlights Top Ecological impacts: Prey detection capacity | Temperature data: Lack of coverage | Cryoscience: Ice reflections | Health: Dengue drivers | Agricultural economics: Pesticide taxes News and Views Top Atmospheric science: Long-range linkage pp11 - 12 James E. Overland doi:10.1038/nclimate2079 Evidence indicates that the continued loss of Arctic sea-ice and snow cover may influence weather at lower latitudes. Now correlations between high-latitude cryosphere changes, hemispheric wind patterns and mid-latitude extreme events are shown for the Northern Hemisphere. See also: Letter by Qiuhong Tang et al. Atmospheric science: Glaciers between two drivers pp12 - 13 Horst Machguth doi:10.1038/nclimate2082 It is assumed that the monsoon is the dominant influence on Himalayan glaciers. However, a study now investigates the importance of the mid-latitude Westerlies and shows that glacier changes can be triggered from afar. See also: Article by Thomas Mölg et al. Game theory: Tipping climate cooperation pp14 - 15 Timothy M. Lenton doi:10.1038/nclimate2078 Early warning systems can alert societies about coming irreversible climatic changes, but can they trigger action to avoid them? Research now suggests that to prompt social action, uncertainty about when the changes will occur must be reduced. See also: Letter by Scott Barrett et al. nclimate JOBS of the week Phosphorus nutrition of beech under a future drier climate Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Postdoctoral position in dynamic vegetation modelling Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung Lecturer / Senior Lecturer in Conservation Biology (Endocrinology) University of New South Wales 8 Fellowships for Doctoral Candidates Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung Faculty Position in Water Science Princeton University More Science jobs from nclimate EVENT First International Summit on Tornadoes and Climate Change 25.04.14 Kos, Greece More science events from Perspectives Top Global warming and changes in drought pp17 - 22 Kevin E. Trenberth, Aiguo Dai, Gerard van der Schrier, Philip D. Jones, Jonathan Barichivich, Keith R. Briffa and Justin Sheffield doi:10.1038/nclimate2067 Recent studies have produced conflicting results about the impacts of climate change on drought. In this Perspective, a commonly used drought index and observational data are examined to identify the cause of these discrepancies. The authors indicate that improvements in the quality and coverage of precipitation data and quantification of natural variability are necessary to provide a better understanding of how drought is changing. Impact of delay in reducing carbon dioxide emissions pp23 - 26 Myles R. Allen and Thomas F. Stocker doi:10.1038/nclimate2077 Recent reports of a lower climate sensitivity to CO2 emissions have been used to suggest that the need for mitigation is not as urgent as previously thought. This Perspective investigates how quickly committed peak warming would increase if mitigation is delayed. Peak warming is found to increase in line with cumulative CO2 emissions, faster than current observed warming. Review Top Pervasive transition of the Brazilian land-use system pp27 - 35 David M. Lapola, Luiz A. Martinelli, Carlos A. Peres, Jean P. H. B. Ometto, Manuel E. Ferreira, Carlos A. Nobre, Ana Paula D. Aguiar, Mercedes M. C. Bustamante, Manoel F. Cardoso, Marcos H. Costa, Carlos A. Joly, Christiane C. Leite, Paulo Moutinho, Gilvan Sampaio, Bernardo B. N. Strassburg and Ima C. G. Vieira doi:10.1038/nclimate2056 This Review considers the evolving relationship between land-use change and greenhouse gas emissions in Brazil. Despite the intensification of agriculture over the past decade or so, deforestation has decreased, resulting in reduced greenhouse gas emissions. However, inequality in land ownership and city growth fuelled by rural–urban migration remain pressing issues for policymakers. Letters Top Sensitivity of collective action to uncertainty about climate tipping points pp36 - 39 Scott Barrett and Astrid Dannenberg doi:10.1038/nclimate2059 Studies about early warning signals of a climate tipping point suggest that collective action to avoid a catastrophe will only take place if uncertainty about the threshold for dangerous climate change is reduced. An experiment now finds that behaviour changes dramatically either side of a dividing line for this threshold uncertainty—when uncertainty is only slightly larger, catastrophe is not averted. See also: News and Views by Timothy M. Lenton Continued global warming after CO2 emissions stoppage pp40 - 44 Thomas Lukas Frölicher, Michael Winton and Jorge Louis Sarmiento doi:10.1038/nclimate2060 Stopping anthropogenic carbon emissions will not result in a sudden decrease in temperature. Earth system models are used to show that there may be an increase in warming after an initial decrease. This is a result of feedbacks from decreased ocean heat uptake, which exceed the cooling from decreased atmospheric CO2. Extreme summer weather in northern mid-latitudes linked to a vanishing cryosphere pp45 - 50 Qiuhong Tang, Xuejun Zhang and Jennifer A. Francis doi:10.1038/nclimate2065 The Northern Hemisphere has seen record declines in the summer sea-ice and snow cover at high latitudes, as well as a recent increase in extreme summer events at mid latitudes. The connection between these has been unclear; however, changes in atmospheric circulation attributable to the reduced cryosphere are now shown to be linked to the summer extremes. See also: News and Views by James E. Overland High Arctic wetting reduces permafrost carbon feedbacks to climate warming pp51 - 55 M. Lupascu, J. M. Welker, U. Seibt, K. Maseyk, X. Xu and C. I. Czimczik doi:10.1038/nclimate2058 The combination of climatic warming and wetting can increase the CO2 sink strength of High Arctic semi-deserts by an order of magnitude, according to a long-term climate manipulation experiment in northwest Greenland. These findings indicate that parts of the High Arctic have the potential to remain a strong carbon sink under future global warming. Partial offsets in ocean acidification from changing coral reef biogeochemistry pp56 - 61 Andreas J. Andersson, Kiley L. Yeakel, Nicholas R. Bates and Samantha J. de Putron doi:10.1038/nclimate2050 The water chemistry in reef systems can be significantly different from that of the open ocean. Now research based on observations from Bermuda shows that the responses of coral reef communities to ocean acidification could partially offset changes in seawater pH and aragonite saturation. Resilience and signatures of tropicalization in protected reef fish communities pp62 - 67 Amanda E. Bates, Neville S. Barrett, Rick D. Stuart-Smith, Neil J. Holbrook, Peter A. Thompson and Graham J. Edgar doi:10.1038/nclimate2062 The marine environment is under threat from climate change. This study finds that marine reserves can maintain biodiversity and abundance of large-bodied individuals in a warming environment. They also protect against colonization by range-shifting species when compared with fished sites. Article Top Mid-latitude westerlies as a driver of glacier variability in monsoonal High Asia pp68 - 73 Thomas Mölg, Fabien Maussion and Dieter Scherer doi:10.1038/nclimate2055 The tropical monsoon is thought to play a key role in glacier change in High Asia. The mass balance of a glacier in the southern Tibetan Plateau is found to be due to May/June precipitation, which is controlled by mid-latitude climate and the tropical monsoon. Further attention should be paid to mid-latitude climate to understand glacier changes. See also: News and Views by Horst Machguth   Erratum Top Erratum: The role of satellite remote sensing in climate change studies p74 Jun Yang, Peng Gong, Rong Fu, Minghua Zhang, Jingming Chen, Shunlin Liang, Bing Xu, Jiancheng Shi and Robert Dickinson doi:10.1038/nclimate2084 Corrigendum Top Corrigendum: The role of short-lived climate pollutants in meeting temperature goals p74 Niel H. A. Bowerman, David J. Frame, Chris Huntingford, Jason A. Lowe, Stephen M. Smith and Myles R. Allen doi:10.1038/nclimate2085 Advertisement Nature Insight Coastal Regions Human impacts on the processes shaping coastal regions  Access the Insight online   Natureevents is a fully searchable, multi-disciplinary database designed to maximise exposure for events organisers. The contents of the Natureevents Directory are now live. The digital version is available here. Find the latest scientific conferences, courses, meetings and symposia on natureevents.com. 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