Nature Physics November Issue

TABLE OF CONTENTS November 2013 Volume 9, Issue 11 Editorial Commentary Perspective Thesis Books and Arts Research Highlights News and Views Letters Articles Corrigendum Subscribe   Facebook   RSS   Recommend to library   Twitter   Advertisement Nature Photonics focus: Fibre lasers Thanks to developments over the last few years, lasers based on fibre media with gain offer reliable, simple and cost effective source options. Topics covered in the focus include high-power sources, ultrafast fibre lasers, industry perspective on the last ten years in the field, as well as applications such as biomedical imaging. Selected content free online for a limited time    Editorial Top Russian reformation   p683 doi:10.1038/nphys2813 Recent reforms of the Russian Academy of Sciences have caused controversy, and the benefits of the changes are debatable. But what is clear is that proper investment in science must become a priority for Russia's government. Commentary Top Russian science in danger   pp684 - 685 Sergei M. Stishov doi:10.1038/nphys2801 A new law for reforming the Russian Academy of Sciences threatens the very future of Russian science itself. Perspective Top The fate of statistical isotropy   pp686 - 689 Ralf Hofmann doi:10.1038/nphys2793 The latest data from the Planck satellite have consolidated our understanding of the cosmic microwave background and the early Universe — except for some large-angle anomalies. These effects could be accounted for by invoking SU(2) gauge symmetry for photon propagation. Thesis Top Change is good   p690 Mark Buchanan doi:10.1038/nphys2803 Books and Arts Top Hot physics in the Cold War   p691 James F. Scott reviews Buried Glory: Portraits of Soviet Scientists by Istvan Hargittai doi:10.1038/nphys2802 Research Highlights Top Nobel Prize 2013: Englert and Higgs | In the frame | What's in a number? | Walk the line | Cloud control | A microscale accelerator News and Views Top Quantum computation: Honesty test   pp693 - 694 Tomoyuki Morimae doi:10.1038/nphys2765 Alice does not have a quantum computer so she delegates a computation to Bob, who does own one. But how can Alice check whether the computation that Bob performs for her is correct? An experiment with photonic qubits demonstrates such a verification protocol. See also: Article by Barz et al. Ultracold atoms: An exotic quantum object   pp694 - 695 Ennio Arimondo and Jun Ye doi:10.1038/nphys2791 When a single atom in a condensate is excited to its Rydberg state, its electron orbit encloses the entire condensate. Such a peculiar quantum system could find practical and fundamental applications in atomic physics and quantum information science. Majorana fermions: A quantum critical approach   pp695 - 696 Lucas Peeters and David Goldhaber-Gordon doi:10.1038/nphys2804 Coupling a single electron level to dissipative leads allows the study of unusual behaviour near a quantum critical point, including the fractionalization of the resonant level into two Majorana fermions. See also: Article by Mebrahtu et al. Quantum information: From bits to solids   pp697 - 698 Renato Renner doi:10.1038/nphys2779 Information theory was originally developed to study the fundamental limits of telecommunication. But thanks to recent extensions it can now also be applied to solid-state physics. See also: Article by Brandao & Horodecki Physics JOBS of the week Professor with special responsibilities in mathematical physics (Professor MSO) Aarhus University Head of School, School of Mathematics and Physics The University of Queensland - School of Mathematics and Physics Ph.D. and / or Postdoctoral Positions in Experimental Soft Matter Physics Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization (Göttingen, Germany) Assistant Professor - Physics Worcester Polytechnic Institute More Science jobs from Physics EVENT 2nd Annual International Conference on Optoelectronics, Photonics & Applied Physics (OPAP 2014) 3rd–4th February 2014 Singapore More science events from Letters Top Unusual stable trapping of the ultrarelativistic electrons in the Van Allen radiation belts   pp699 - 703 Yuri Y. Shprits, Dmitriy Subbotin, Alexander Drozdov, Maria E. Usanova, Adam Kellerman et al. doi:10.1038/nphys2760 The Van Allen radiation belts are two rings of charged particles encircling the Earth. Therefore the transient appearance in 2012 of a third ring between the inner and outer belts was a surprise. A study of the ultrarelativistic electrons in this middle ring reveals new physics for particles above 2 MeV. Discovery of a single topological Dirac fermion in the strong inversion asymmetric compound BiTeCl   pp704 - 708 Y. L. Chen, M. Kanou, Z. K. Liu, H. J. Zhang, J. A. Sobota et al. doi:10.1038/nphys2768 BiTeCl is a topological insulator with strong inversion asymmetry, which exhibits bulk charge polarization and pyroelectricity. Such a long-sought topological insulator paves the way for applications involving natural p-n junctions and spintronics. A large-energy-gap oxide topological insulator based on the superconductor BaBiO3   pp709 - 711 Binghai Yan, Martin Jansen and Claudia Felser doi:10.1038/nphys2762 An ab initio study suggests that a known oxide superconductor, BaBiO3, can be doped into a topological insulating state. This would simplify topological insulator–superconductor structures for applications. Nanomechanical coupling between microwave and optical photons   pp712 - 716 Joerg Bochmann, Amit Vainsencher, David D. Awschalom and Andrew N. Cleland doi:10.1038/nphys2748 A nanomechanical interface between optical photons and microwave electrical signals is now demonstrated. Coherent transfer between microwave and optical fields is achieved by parametric electro-optical coupling in a piezoelectric optomechanical crystal, and this on-chip technology could form the basis of photonic networks of superconducting quantum bits. Abrupt transition in the structural formation of interconnected networks   pp717 - 720 Filippo Radicchi and Alex Arenas doi:10.1038/nphys2761 Real-world networks are rarely isolated. A model of an interdependent network of networks shows that an abrupt phase transition occurs when interconnections between independent networks are added. This study also suggests ways to minimize the danger of abrupt structural changes to real networks. Articles Top An area law for entanglement from exponential decay of correlations   pp721 - 726 Fernando G. S. L. Brandão and Michał Horodecki doi:10.1038/nphys2747 If correlations decay exponentially in a one-dimensional quantum many-body system, then entanglement satisfies an area law. The intuitive explanation for this turns out to be wrong, but the statement is nevertheless true, as demonstrated by a proof based on quantum information theory. See also: News and Views by Renner Experimental verification of quantum computation   pp727 - 731 Stefanie Barz, Joseph F. Fitzsimons, Elham Kashefi and Philip Walther doi:10.1038/nphys2763 Can Alice verify the result of a quantum computation that she has delegated to Bob without using a quantum computer? Now she can. A protocol for testing a quantum computer using minimum quantum resources has been proposed and demonstrated. See also: News and Views by Morimae Observation of Majorana quantum critical behaviour in a resonant level coupled to a dissipative environment   pp732 - 737 H. T. Mebrahtu, I. V. Borzenets, H. Zheng, Y. V. Bomze, A. I. Smirnov et al. doi:10.1038/nphys2735 A quantum critical point associated with a carbon nanotube quantum dot that is in contact with dissipative leads exhibits striking non-Fermi-liquid properties and anomalous scaling. The dissipative environment enables the comparison of the system under thermal- and non-equilibrium conditions. See also: News and Views by Peeters & Goldhaber-Gordon Engineering Ising-XY spin-models in a triangular lattice using tunable artificial gauge fields   pp738 - 743 J. Struck, M. Weinberg, C. Ölschläger, P. Windpassinger, J. Simonet et al. doi:10.1038/nphys2750 A quantum gas trapped in an optical lattice of triangular symmetry can now be driven from a paramagnetic to an antiferromagnetic state by a tunable artificial magnetic field. Vibrational and electronic dynamics of nitrogen–vacancy centres in diamond revealed by two-dimensional ultrafast spectroscopy   pp744 - 749 V. M. Huxter, T. A. A. Oliver, D. Budker and G. R. Fleming doi:10.1038/nphys2753 Emerging sensing and quantum-information technologies based on nitrogen–vacancy centres in diamond require a better understanding of the relaxation mechanisms. A two-dimensional spectroscopy study provides information about the effects of the vibrational bath on the electronic dynamics. Corrigendum Top Universality in network dynamics   p750 Baruch Barzel and Albert-László Barabási doi:10.1038/nphys2797 Top Advertisement Choose Scientific Reports for fast, efficient, open access publishing  94% of authors said they are likely or very likely to recommend Scientific Reports to their colleagues* 91% of authors would publish in Scientific Reports again*  SUBMIT your paper today!  *Nature Publishing Group author survey, data correct as of September 2013   Natureevents is a fully searchable, multi-disciplinary database designed to maximise exposure for events organisers. The contents of the Natureevents Directory are now live. The digital version is available here. Find the latest scientific conferences, courses, meetings and symposia on natureevents.com. For event advertising opportunities across the Nature Publishing Group portfolio please contact natureevents@nature.com More Nature Events

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