Scientific Reports Physics Table of Contents e-alert: October 2013

01 October 2013      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports         Frontiers research network enables you make the most of your valuable professional network through our unique platform. Connect to colleagues, increase your impact and benefit from a 30% increase in downloads to any publication you link to your profile.   Over 100,000 researchers are already here - we are just waiting for you: register today           Physical Sciences               Quantitative Imaging of Rapidly Decaying Evanescent Fields Using Plasmonic Near-Field Scanning Optical Microscopy ▶     Zhen Zhang, Phillip Ahn, Biqin Dong et al.     Non-propagating evanescent fields play an important role in the development of nano-photonic devices. While detecting the evanescent fields in far-field can be accomplished by …             Accelerating materials property predictions using machine learning ▶     Ghanshyam Pilania, Chenchen Wang, Xun Jiang et al.     The materials discovery process can be significantly expedited and simplified if we can learn effectively from available knowledge and data. In the present contribution, we show …             Atomic structure of titania nanosheet with vacancies ▶     Megumi Ohwada, Koji Kimoto, Teruyasu Mizoguchi et al.     Titania nanosheets are two-dimensional single crystallites of titanium oxide with a thickness of one titanium or two oxygen atoms, and they show attractive material properties, …             Symmetry breaking gives rise to energy spectra of three states of matter ▶     Dima Bolmatov, Edvard T. Musaev, K. Trachenko     A fundamental task of statistical physics is to start with a microscopic Hamiltonian, predict the system's statistical properties and compare them with observable data. A notable …             Controlling Cellular Uptake of Nanoparticles with pH-Sensitive Polymers ▶     Hong-ming Ding, Yu-qiang Ma     The major challenge in cancer therapy is to efficiently translocate drug molecules into cancer tumors without doing any damage to healthy tissues. Since there exist pH gradients …             Stable Bending Performance of Flexible Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Using IZO Anodes ▶     Kiyeol Kwak, Kyoungah Cho, Sangsig Kim     We report luminescent characteristics and mechanical stability of a flexible organic light-emitting diode (FOLED) using an amorphous ZnO-doped In2O3 (a-IZO) anode with a low sheet …             Size and space controlled hexagonal arrays of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanodots: magnetic studies and application ▶     Tandra Ghoshal, Tuhin Maity, Ramsankar Senthamaraikannan et al.     Highly dense hexagonally arranged iron oxide nanodots array were fabricated using PS-b-PEO self-assembled patterns. The copolymer molecular weight, composition and choice of …             Hierarchical LiFePO4 with a controllable growth of the (010) facet for lithium-ion batteries ▶     Binbin Guo, Hongcheng Ruan, Cheng Zheng et al.     Hierarchically structured LiFePO4 was successfully synthesized by ionic liquid solvothermal method. These hierarchically structured LiFePO4 samples were constructed from …             An Inherent Instability of Efficient Markets ▶     Felix Patzelt, Klaus Pawelzik     Speculative markets are often described as “informationally efficient” such that predictable price changes are eliminated by traders exploiting them, leaving only residual …             Highly Efficient Bienzyme Functionalized Nanocomposite-Based Microfluidics Biosensor Platform for Biomedical Application ▶     Md. Azahar Ali, Saurabh Srivastava, Pratima R. Solanki et al.     This report describes the fabrication of a novel microfluidics nanobiochip based on a composite comprising of nickel oxide nanoparticles (nNiO) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes …             Integrated all-optical logic discriminators based on plasmonic bandgap engineering ▶     Cuicui Lu, Xiaoyong Hu, Hong Yang et al.     Optical computing uses photons as information carriers, opening up the possibility for ultrahigh-speed and ultrawide-band information processing. Integrated all-optical logic …             Mineral-Coated Polymer Membranes with Superhydrophilicity and Underwater Superoleophobicity for Effective Oil/Water Separation ▶     Peng-Cheng Chen, Zhi-Kang Xu     Oil-polluted water is a worldwide problem due to the increasing industrial oily wastewater and the frequent oil spill accidents. Here, we report a novel kind of superhydrophilic …             Topological Phase Transition without Gap Closing ▶     Motohiko Ezawa, Yukio Tanaka, Naoto Nagaosa     Topological phase transition is accompanied with a change of topological numbers. According to the bulk-edge correspondence, the gap closing and the breakdown of the adiabaticity …             Generation of diffraction-free optical beams using wrinkled membranes ▶     Ran Li, Hui Yi, Xiao Hu et al.     Wrinkling has become a well developed bottom-up technique to make artificial surface textures in about the last decade. However, application of the optical properties of long …             α-Helical Structures Drive Early Stages of Self-Assembly of Amyloidogenic Amyloid Polypeptide Aggregate Formation in Membranes ▶     Martina Pannuzzo, Antonio Raudino, Danilo Milardi et al.     The human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) is the primary component in the toxic islet amyloid deposits in type-2 diabetes. hIAPP self-assembles to aggregates that permeabilize …             Phonon transport assisted by inter-tube carbon displacements in carbon nanotube mats ▶     Assel Aitkaliyeva, Di Chen, Lin Shao     Thermal transport in carbon nanotube (CNT) mats, consisting of randomly networked multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs), is not as efficient as in an individual CNT because of the …             Improved photoresponse with enhanced photoelectric contribution in fully suspended graphene photodetectors ▶     Vikram Patil, Aaron Capone, Stefan Strauf et al.     Graphene's unique optoelectronic properties are promising to realize photodetectors with ultrafast photoresponse over a wide spectral range from far-infrared to ultraviolet …             Quantitative analysis of the evolution of novelty in cinema through crowdsourced keywords ▶     Sameet Sreenivasan     The generation of novelty is central to any creative endeavor. Novelty generation and the relationship between novelty and individual hedonic value have long been subjects of …             Hydrogen-induced change in core structures of {110}[111] edge and {110}[111] screw dislocations in iron ▶     Shuai Wang, Naoyuki Hashimoto, Somei Ohnuki     Employing the empirical embedded-atom method potentials, the evolution of edge and screw dislocation core structure is calculated at different hydrogen concentrations. With …             Default Cascades in Complex Networks: Topology and Systemic Risk ▶     Tarik Roukny, Hugues Bersini, Hugues Pirotte et al.     The recent crisis has brought to the fore a crucial question that remains still open: what would be the optimal architecture of financial systems? We investigate the stability of …             Investigation of the open-circuit voltage in solar cells doped with quantum dots ▶     Takeshi Tayagaki, Yusuke Hoshi, Noritaka Usami     Quantum dots (QDs) have attracted much attention for use in photovoltaic applications because of their potential for overcoming the limits of conventional single-junction devices. …             Photoluminescence from Amino-Containing Polymer in the Presence of CO2: Carbamato Anion Formed as a Fluorophore ▶     Xiaoyong Pan, Guan Wang, Chee Leng Lay et al.     Organic photoluminescent materials are important to many applications especially for diagnosis and detection, and most of organic photoluminescent materials contain fluorophores …             Interdependent networks: the fragility of control ▶     Richard G. Morris, Marc Barthelemy     Recent work in the area of interdependent networks has focused on interactions between two systems of the same type. However, an important and ubiquitous class of systems are …             Assignment of the Q-Bands of the Chlorophylls: Coherence Loss via Qx − Qy Mixing ▶     Jeffrey R. Reimers, Zheng-Li Cai, Rika Kobayashi et al.     We provide a new and definitive spectral assignment for the absorption, emission, high-resolution fluorescence excitation, linear dichroism, and/or magnetic circular dichroism …             Manageable N-doped Graphene for High Performance Oxygen Reduction Reaction ▶     Yuewei Zhang, Jun Ge, Lu Wang et al.     Catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are at the heart of key green-energy fuel cell technology. N-doped graphene is a potential metal-free electrode with much better …             Exceptional preservation of Palaeozoic steroids in a diagenetic continuum ▶     Ines Melendez, Kliti Grice, Lorenz Schwark     The occurrence of intact sterols has been restricted to immature Cretaceous (~125 Ma) sediments with one report from the Late Jurassic (~165 Ma). Here we report the oldest …             Size-dependent giant-magnetoresistance in millimeter scale GaAs/AlGaAs 2D electron devices ▶     R. G. Mani, A. Kriisa, W. Wegscheider     Large changes in the electrical resistance induced by the application of a small magnetic field are potentially useful for device-applications. Such Giant Magneto-Resistance (GMR) …             Origin of easy magnetization switching in magnetic tunnel junctions with voltage-controlled interfacial anisotropy ▶     Nikolay A. Pertsev     Spin-polarized currents represent an efficient tool for manipulating ferromagnetic nanostructures but the critical current density necessary for the magnetization switching is …             Optimal multi-photon phase sensing with a single interference fringe ▶     G. Y. Xiang, H. F. Hofmann, G. J. Pryde     Quantum entanglement can help to increase the precision of optical phase measurements beyond the shot noise limit (SNL) to the ultimate Heisenberg limit. However, the N-photon …             Test of mutually unbiased bases for six-dimensional photonic quantum systems ▶     Vincenzo D'Ambrosio, Filippo Cardano, Ebrahim Karimi et al.     In quantum information, complementarity of quantum mechanical observables plays a key role. The eigenstates of two complementary observables form a pair of mutually unbiased bases …             Anisotropic vanadium dioxide sculptured thin films with superior thermochromic properties ▶     Yaoming Sun, Xiudi Xiao, Gang Xu et al.     VO2 (M) STF through reduction of V2O5 STF was prepared. The results illustrate that V2O5 STF can be successfully obtained by oblique angle thermal evaporation technique. After …             Efficient spectral hole-burning and atomic frequency comb storage in Nd3+:YLiF4 ▶     Zong-Quan Zhou, Jian Wang, Chuan-Feng Li et al.     We present spectral hole-burning measurements of the 4I9/2 → 4F3/2 transition in Nd3:YLiF4. The isotope shifts of Nd3 can be directly resolved in the optical absorption spectrum. …             Rapid fabrication of self-ordered porous alumina with 10-/sub-10-nm-scale nanostructures by selenic acid anodizing ▶     Osamu Nishinaga, Tatsuya Kikuchi, Shungo Natsui et al.     Anodic porous alumina has been widely investigated and used as a nanostructure template in various nanoapplications. The porous structure consists of numerous hexagonal cells …             Control of decoherence with no control ▶     Jun Jing, Lian-Ao Wu     A common philosophy in control theory is the control of disorder by order. Control of decoherence is no exception; strategies aimed at suppressing quantum decoherence adopt this …             Lab on a Biomembrane: Rapid prototyping and manipulation of 2D fluidic lipid bilayers circuits ▶     Alar Ainla, Irep Gözen, Bodil Hakonen et al.     Lipid bilayer membranes are among the most ubiquitous structures in the living world, with intricate structural features and a multitude of biological functions. It is attractive …             Renewable hydrogen and carbon nanotubes from biodiesel waste glycerol ▶     Chunfei Wu, Zichun Wang, Paul T. Williams et al.     In this report, we introduce a novel and commercially viable method to recover renewable hydrogen and carbon nanotubes from waste glycerol produced in the biodiesel process. …             Concrete Embedded Dye-Synthesized Photovoltaic Solar Cell ▶     T. Hosseini, I. Flores-Vivian, K. Sobolev et al.     This work presents the concept of a monolithic concrete-integrated dye-synthesized photovoltaic solar cell for optical-to-electrical energy conversion and on-site power …             High-Spin States and Level Structure in Stable Nucleus Strontium-84 ▶     Shuifa Shen, Guangbing Han, Shuxian Wen et al.     High-spin states of 84Sr are populated through the reaction 70Zn (18O, 4n) 84Sr at the beam energy of 75 MeV. The measurements of excitation functions, γ-γ coincidences, …             Cavity Optical Pulse Extraction: ultra-short pulse generation as seeded Hawking radiation ▶     Falk Eilenberger, Irina V. Kabakova, C. Martijn de Sterke et al.     We show that light trapped in an optical cavity can be extracted from that cavity in an ultrashort burst by means of a trigger pulse. We find a simple analytic description of this …             Coupling of a dipolar emitter into one-dimensional surface plasmon ▶     Julien Barthes, Alexandre Bouhelier, Alain Dereux et al.     Quantum plasmonics relies on a new paradigm for light–matter interaction. It benefits from strong confinement of surface plasmon polaritons (SPP) that ensures efficient coupling …             Efficient Gate-tunable light-emitting device made of defective boron nitride nanotubes: from ultraviolet to the visible ▶     Claudio Attaccalite, Ludger Wirtz, Andrea Marini et al.     Boron nitride is a promising material for nanotechnology applications due to its two-dimensional graphene-like, insulating, and highly-resistant structure. Recently it has …             Realising Haldane's vision for a Chern insulator in buckled lattices ▶     Anthony R. Wright     The Chern insulator displays a quantum Hall effect with no net magnetic field. Proposed by Haldane over 20 years ago, it laid the foundation for the fields of topological order, …             Artificial semiconductor/insulator superlattice channel structure for high-performance oxide thin-film transistors ▶     Cheol Hyoun Ahn, Karuppanan Senthil, Hyung Koun Cho et al.     High-performance thin-film transistors (TFTs) are the fundamental building blocks in realizing the potential applications of the next-generation displays. Atomically controlled …             Ab initio-aided CALPHAD thermodynamic modeling of the Sn-Pb binary system under current stressing ▶     Shih-kang Lin, Chao-kuei Yeh, Wei Xie et al.     Soldering is an ancient process, having been developed 5000 years ago. It remains a crucial process with many modern applications. In electronic devices, electric currents pass …             Direct Observation of Multiferroic Vortex Domains in YMnO3 ▶     Qinghua Zhang, Guotai Tan, Lin Gu et al.     Topological vortices with swirling ferroelectric, magnetic and structural anti-phase relationship in hexagonal RMnO3 (R=Ho to Lu, Y, and Sc) have attracted much attention …             A Route to Phase Controllable Cu2ZnSn(S1−xSex)4 Nanocrystals with Tunable Energy Bands ▶     Shulin Ji, Tongfei Shi, Xiaodong Qiu et al.     Cu2ZnSn(S1−xSex)4 nanocrystals are an emerging family of functional materials with huge potential of industrial applications, however, it is an extremely challenging task to …             High-temperature thermoelectric transport at small scales: Thermal generation, transport and recombination of minority carriers ▶     Gokhan Bakan, Niaz Khan, Helena Silva et al.     Thermoelectric transport in semiconductors is usually considered under small thermal gradients and when it is dominated by the role of the majority carriers. Not much is known …             Reciprocity of weighted networks ▶     Tiziano Squartini, Francesco Picciolo, Franco Ruzzenenti et al.     In directed networks, reciprocal links have dramatic effects on dynamical processes, network growth, and higher-order structures such as motifs and communities. While the …             Giant photoluminescence emission in crystalline faceted Si grains ▶     Giuseppe Faraci, Agata R. Pennisi, Alessandra Alberti et al.     Empowering an indirect band-gap material like Si with optical functionalities, firstly light emission, represents a huge advancement constantly pursued in the realization of any …             Micromechanics of emergent patterns in plastic flows ▶     Santidan Biswas, Martin Grant, Indradev Samajdar et al.     Crystalline solids undergo plastic deformation and subsequently flow when subjected to stresses beyond their elastic limit. In nature most crystalline solids exist in …             Ordered mesoporous porphyrinic carbons with very high electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction ▶     Jae Yeong Cheon, Taeyoung Kim, YongMan Choi et al.     The high cost of the platinum-based cathode catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) has impeded the widespread application of polymer electrolyte fuel cells. We report …             Versatile multi-wavelength ultrafast fiber laser mode-locked by carbon nanotubes ▶     Xueming Liu, Dongdong Han, Zhipei Sun et al.     Multi-wavelength lasers have widespread applications (e.g. fiber telecommunications, pump-probe measurements, terahertz generation). Here, we report a nanotube-mode-locked …             Information Measure for Long-Range Correlated Sequences: the Case of the 24 Human Chromosomes ▶     A. Carbone     A new approach to estimate the Shannon entropy of a long-range correlated sequence is proposed. The entropy is written as the sum of two terms corresponding respectively to …             Designed Synthesis of Transition Metal/Oxide Hierarchical Peapods Array with the Superior Lithium Storage Performance ▶     Huijuan Zhang, Yuanjuan Bai, Yan Zhang et al.     In this report, a novel hierarchical peapoded array with Co3O4 nanoparticles encapsulated in graphitized carbon fiber is introduced for the first time. The unique peapoded …             Visible-light-driven photoelectrochemical and photocatalytic performances of Cr-doped SrTiO3/TiO2 heterostructured nanotube arrays ▶     Zhengbo Jiao, Tao Chen, Jinyan Xiong et al.     Well-aligned TiO2 nanotube arrays have become of increasing significance because of their unique highly ordered array structure, high specific surface area, unidirectional charge …             Origin of New Broad Raman D and G Peaks in Annealed Graphene ▶     Jinpyo Hong, Min Kyu Park, Eun Jung Lee et al.     Since graphene, a single sheet of graphite, has all of its carbon atoms on the surface, its property is very sensitive to materials contacting the surface. Herein, we report novel …             Ultrahigh humidity sensitivity of graphene oxide ▶     Hengchang Bi, Kuibo Yin, Xiao Xie et al.     Humidity sensors have been extensively used in various fields, and numerous problems are encountered when using humidity sensors, including low sensitivity, long response and …             Can Google Trends search queries contribute to risk diversification? ▶     Ladislav Kristoufek     Portfolio diversification and active risk management are essential parts of financial analysis which became even more crucial (and questioned) during and after the years of the …             Solution-Processed Nanoparticle Super-Float-Gated Organic Field-Effect Transistor as Un-cooled Ultraviolet and Infrared Photon Counter ▶     Yongbo Yuan, Qingfeng Dong, Bin Yang et al.     High sensitivity photodetectors in ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) range have broad civilian and military applications. Here we report on an un-cooled solution-processed UV-IR …             Quantum Conductance in Silicon Oxide Resistive Memory Devices ▶     A. Mehonic, A. Vrajitoarea, S. Cueff et al.     Resistive switching offers a promising route to universal electronic memory, potentially replacing current technologies that are approaching their fundamental limits. In many …             Dynamically correlated mutations drive human Influenza A evolution ▶     F. Tria, S. Pompei, V. Loreto     Human Influenza A virus undergoes recurrent changes in the hemagglutinin (HA) surface protein, primarily involved in the human antibody recognition. Relevant antigenic changes, …             An experimental proposal for revealing contextuality in almost all qutrit states ▶     Jayne Thompson, Robert Pisarczyk, Paweł Kurzyński et al.     Contextuality is a foundational phenomenon underlying key differences between quantum theory and classical realistic descriptions of the world. Here we propose an experimental …             Broadband energy transfer to sensitizing dyes by mobile quantum dot mediators in solar cells ▶     Gede Widia Pratama Adhyaksa, Ga In Lee, Se-Woong Baek et al.     The efficiency of solar cells depends on absorption intensity of the photon collectors. Herein, mobile quantum dots (QDs) functionalized with thiol ligands in electrolyte are …             The impact of human-environment interactions on the stability of forest-grassland mosaic ecosystems ▶     Clinton Innes, Madhur Anand, Chris T. Bauch     Forest-grassland mosaic ecosystems can exhibit alternative stables states, whereby under the same environmental conditions, the ecosystem could equally well reside either in one …             Sb2Se3 under pressure ▶     Ilias Efthimiopoulos, Jiaming Zhang, Melvin Kucway et al.     Selected members of the A2B3 (A=Sb, Bi; B=Se, Te) family are topological insulators. The Sb2Se3 compound does not exhibit any topological properties at ambient conditions; a …             Creep rupture as a non-homogeneous Poissonian process ▶     Zsuzsa Danku, Ferenc Kun     Creep rupture of heterogeneous materials occurring under constant sub-critical external loads is responsible for the collapse of engineering constructions and for natural …             Heavy fermion properties of the Kondo Lattice model ▶     Steffen Sykora, Klaus W. Becker     We study the S=1/2 Kondo lattice model which is widely used to describe heavy fermion behavior. In conventional treatments of the model the Kondo interaction is decoupled in …             Room temperature rubbing for few-layer two-dimensional thin flakes directly on flexible polymer substrates ▶     Yan Yu, Shenglin Jiang, Wenli Zhou et al.     The functional layers of few-layer two-dimensional (2-D) thin flakes on flexible polymers for stretchable applications have attracted much interest. However, most fabrication …             MnO Nanoparticle@Mesoporous Carbon Composites Grown on Conducting Substrates Featuring High-performance Lithium-ion Battery, Supercapacitor and Sensor ▶     Tianyu Wang, Zheng Peng, Yuhang Wang et al.     We demonstrate a facile, two-step coating/calcination approach to grow a uniform MnO nanoparticle@mesoporous carbon (MnO@C) composite on conducting substrates, by direct coating …             Pitch sensation involves stochastic resonance ▶     Stefan Martignoli, Florian Gomez, Ruedi Stoop     Pitch is a complex hearing phenomenon that results from elicited and self-generated cochlear vibrations. Read-off vibrational information is relayed higher up the auditory …             All Carbon-Based Photodetectors: An eminent integration of graphite quantum dots and two dimensional graphene ▶     Shih-Hao Cheng, Tong-Min Weng, Meng-Lin Lu et al.     Photodetectors with ultrahigh sensitivity based on the composite made with all carbon-based materials consisting of graphite quantum dots (QDs), and two dimensional graphene …             Diversity of individual mobility patterns and emergence of aggregated scaling laws ▶     Xiao-Yong Yan, Xiao-Pu Han, Bing-Hong Wang et al.     Uncovering human mobility patterns is of fundamental importance to the understanding of epidemic spreading, urban transportation and other socioeconomic dynamics embodying …             Good Agreements Make Good Friends ▶     The Anh Han, Luís Moniz Pereira, Francisco C. Santos et al.     When starting a new collaborative endeavor, it pays to establish upfront how strongly your partner commits to the common goal and what compensation can be expected in case the …             Ionization with low-frequency fields in the tunneling regime ▶     J. Dura, N. Camus, A. Thai et al.     Strong-field ionisation surprises with richness beyond current understanding despite decade long investigations. Ionisation with mid-IR light has promptly revealed unexpected …             Atomic Scale Verification of Oxide-Ion Vacancy Distribution near a Single Grain Boundary in YSZ ▶     Jihwan An, Joong Sun Park, Ai Leen Koh et al.     This study presents atomic scale characterization of grain boundary defect structure in a functional oxide with implications for a wide range of electrochemical and electronic …             Higher order harmonic detection for exploring nonlinear interactions with nanoscale resolution ▶     R. K. Vasudevan, M. Baris Okatan, I. Rajapaksa et al.     Nonlinear dynamics underpin a vast array of physical phenomena ranging from interfacial motion to jamming transitions. In many cases, insight into the nonlinear behavior can be …             Single-crystalline, wormlike hematite photoanodes for efficient solar water splitting ▶     Jae Young Kim, Ganesan Magesh, Duck Hyun Youn et al.     A hematite photoanode showing a stable, record-breaking performance of 4.32 mA/cm2 photoelectrochemical water oxidation current at 1.23 V vs. RHE under simulated 1-sun (100 mW/cm2…             A low cost, all-organic Na-ion Battery Based on Polymeric Cathode and Anode ▶     Wenwen Deng, Xinmiao Liang, Xianyong Wu et al.     Current battery systems have severe cost and resource restrictions, difficultly to meet the large scale electric storage applications. Herein, we report an all-organic Na-ion …             Anomalous interface adhesion of graphene membranes ▶     Y. He, W. F. Chen, W. B. Yu et al.     In order to understand the anomalous interface adhesion properties between graphene membranes and their substrates, we have developed a theoretical method to calibrate the …             Total absorption in asymmetric hyperbolic media ▶     Igor S. Nefedov, Constantinos A. Valagiannopoulos, Seed M. Hashemi et al.     Finite-thickness slabs of hyperbolic media with tilted optical axes exhibit asymmetry properties for waves propagating upward and downward with respect to slab interfaces. Under …             Precisely aligned graphene grown on hexagonal boron nitride by catalyst free chemical vapor deposition ▶     Shujie Tang, Haomin Wang, Yu Zhang et al.     To grow precisely aligned graphene on h-BN without metal catalyst is extremely important, which allows for intriguing physical properties and devices of graphene/h-BN …             Ultrafast zero balance of the oscillator-strength sum rule in graphene ▶     Jaeseok Kim, Seong Chu Lim, Seung Jin Chae et al.     Oscillator-strength sum rule in light-induced transitions is one general form of quantum-mechanical identities. Although this sum rule is well established in equilibrium …             High-mobility graphene on liquid p-block elements by ultra-low-loss CVD growth ▶     Jiao Wang, Mengqi Zeng, Lifang Tan et al.     The high-quality and low-cost of the graphene preparation method decide whether graphene is put into the applications finally. Enormous efforts have been devoted to understand and …             Plasmonic engineering of spontaneous emission from silicon nanocrystals ▶     Julie Goffard, Davy Gérard, Patrice Miska et al.     Silicon nanocrystals offer huge advantages compared to other semi-conductor quantum dots as they are made from an abundant, non-toxic material and are compatible with silicon …             Nano-scale hydrogen-bond network improves the durability of greener cements ▶     Johan Jacobsen, Michelle Santos Rodrigues, Mark T. F. Telling et al.     More than ever before, the world's increasing need for new infrastructure demands the construction of efficient, sustainable and durable buildings, requiring minimal …             In-line digital holographic microscopy using a consumer scanner ▶     Tomoyoshi Shimobaba, Hiroya Yamanashi, Takashi Kakue et al.     We demonstrate an in-line digital holographic microscopy using a consumer scanner. The consumer scanner can scan an image with 4,800 dpi. The pixel pitch is approximately 5.29 μm. …             Nanodiamond Landmarks for Subcellular Multimodal Optical and Electron Imaging ▶     Mark A. Zurbuchen, Michael P. Lake, Sirus A. Kohan et al.     There is a growing need for biolabels that can be used in both optical and electron microscopies, are non-cytotoxic, and do not photobleach. Such biolabels could enable targeted …             Ultrafast intersystem-crossing in platinum containing π-conjugated polymers with tunable spin-orbit coupling ▶     C.-X. Sheng, S. Singh, A. Gambetta et al.     The development of efficient organic light-emitting diodes (OLED) and organic photovoltaic cells requires control over the dynamics of spin sensitive excitations. Embedding heavy …             Atomic and electronic structure of an alloyed topological insulator, Bi1.5Sb0.5Te1.7Se1.3 ▶     Wonhee Ko, Insu Jeon, Hyo Won Kim et al.     Bi2−xSbxTe3−ySey has been argued to exhibit both topological surface states and insulating bulk states, but has not yet been studied with local probes on the atomic scale. Here we …             Defects activated photoluminescence in two-dimensional semiconductors: interplay between bound, charged, and free excitons ▶     Sefaattin Tongay, Joonki Suh, Can Ataca et al.     Point defects in semiconductors can trap free charge carriers and localize excitons. The interaction between these defects and charge carriers becomes stronger at reduced …             Probing the Interplay between Quantum Charge Fluctuations and Magnetic Ordering in LuFe2O4 ▶     J. Lee, S. A. Trugman, C. D. Batista et al.     The mechanisms producing strong coupling between electric and magnetic order in multiferroics are not always well understood, since their microscopic origins can be quite …             Happiness and the Patterns of Life: A Study of Geolocated Tweets ▶     Morgan R. Frank, Lewis Mitchell, Peter Sheridan Dodds et al.     The patterns of life exhibited by large populations have been described and modeled both as a basic science exercise and for a range of applied goals such as reducing automotive …             Feeling Small: Exploring the Tactile Perception Limits ▶     Lisa Skedung, Martin Arvidsson, Jun Young Chung et al.     The human finger is exquisitely sensitive in perceiving different materials, but the question remains as to what length scales are capable of being distinguished in active touch. …             Solid State Pathways to Complex Shape Evolution and Tunable Porosity during Metallic Crystal Growth ▶     Carlos Díaz Valenzuela, Gabino A. Carriedo, María L. Valenzuela et al.     Growing complex metallic crystals, supported high index facet nanocrystal composites and tunable porosity metals, and exploiting factors that influence shape and morphology is …             In vivo Optical Coherence Tomography of Light-Driven Melanosome Translocation in Retinal Pigment Epithelium ▶     Qiu-Xiang Zhang, Rong-Wen Lu, Jeffrey D. Messinger et al.     Optical coherence tomography (OCT) may revolutionize fundamental investigation and clinical management of age-related macular degeneration and other eye diseases. However, …             When a repellent becomes an attractant: harmful saponins are kairomones attracting the symbiotic Harlequin crab ▶     Guillaume Caulier, Patrick Flammang, Pascal Gerbaux et al.     Marine organisms have developed a high diversity of chemical defences in order to avoid predators and parasites. In sea cucumbers, saponins function as repellents and many species …             Spontaneous intercalation of long-chain alkyl ammonium into edge-selectively oxidized graphite to efficiently produce high-quality graphene ▶     Liangming Wei, Fei Wu, Diwen Shi et al.     Mass production of high-quality graphene nanosheets (GNs) is essential for practical applications. We report that oxidation of graphite by low concentration KMnO4 at relatively …             Structural disorder and anomalous diffusion in random packing of spheres ▶     M. Palombo, A. Gabrielli, V. D. P. Servedio et al.     Nowadays Nuclear Magnetic Resonance diffusion (dNMR) measurements of water molecules in heterogeneous systems have broad applications in material science, biophysics and medicine. …             Abrupt rise of new machine ecology beyond human response time ▶     Neil Johnson, Guannan Zhao, Eric Hunsader et al.     Society's techno-social systems are becoming ever faster and more computer-orientated. However, far from simply generating faster versions of existing behaviour, we show that this …             Solar-Blind Photodetectors for Harsh Electronics ▶     Dung-Sheng Tsai, Wei-Cheng Lien, Der-Hsien Lien et al.     We demonstrate solar-blind photodetectors (PDs) by employing AlN thin films on Si(100) substrates with excellent temperature tolerance and radiation hardness. Even at a bias …             Label-Free Nanometer-Resolution Imaging of Biological Architectures through Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering ▶     Sencer Ayas, Goksu Cinar, Alper Devrim Ozkan et al.     Label free imaging of the chemical environment of biological specimens would readily bridge the supramolecular and the cellular scales, if a chemical fingerprint technique such as …             Novel Porphyrinic Porous Organic Frameworks for High Performance Separation of Small Hydrocarbons ▶     Heping Ma, Hao Ren, Shuang Meng et al.     A series of Porphyrinic-CTF materials are synthesized under ionothermal condition with high surface areas (>3200 m2/g) and tunable pore sizes. The ZnP-CTFs exhibit high adsorption …             An unprecedented (3,4,24)-connected heteropolyoxozincate organic framework as heterogeneous crystalline Lewis acid catalyst for biodiesel production ▶     Dong-Ying Du, Jun-Sheng Qin, Zhong Sun et al.     A novel 3D hexadecanuclear heteropolyoxozincate organic framework, IFMC-200, has been successfully synthesized based on a late transition metal-oxygen cluster. IFMC-200 not only …             Oxygen-Vacancy-Induced Antiferromagnetism to Ferromagnetism Transformation in Eu0.5Ba0.5TiO3−δ Multiferroic Thin Films ▶     Weiwei Li, Run Zhao, Le Wang et al.     Oxygen vacancies (VO) effects on magnetic ordering in Eu0.5Ba0.5TiO3−δ (EBTO3−δ) thin films have been investigated using a combination of experimental measurements and …             Integrated Prototype Nanodevices via SnO2 Nanoparticles Decorated SnSe Nanosheets ▶     Jian-Jun Wang, Ai-Feng Lv, Yong-Qing Wang et al.     Hybrid materials made from all inorganic components are intriguing in many fields, because they have shown in-depth potential use for electronic and optoelectronic applications …             Biogenic Growth of Alloys and Core-Shell Nanostructures Using Urease as a Nanoreactor at Ambient Conditions ▶     Bhagwati Sharma, Sonam Mandani, Tridib K. Sarma     Biomineralization is an extremely efficient biologically guided process towards the advancement of nano-bio integrated materials. As a prime module of the natural world, enzymes …             Origin of chains of Au-PbS Nano-Dumbbells in space ▶     Chandana Mondal, Ali Hossain Khan, Bidisa Das et al.     Self-assembled, one-dimensional (1D) nanomaterials are amenable building blocks for bottom-up nanofabrication processes. A current shortcoming in the self-assembly of 1D …             Self-assembled clay films with a platelet–void multilayered nanostructure and flame-blocking properties ▶     Ya-Chi Wang, Ting-Kai Huang, Shih-Huang Tung et al.     Polymeric composite films with a high loading of nano-size silicates can hardly meet the increasingly stringent fireproof and smoke-free requirements during burning. Thus, it is …             Can We Build a Truly High Performance Computer Which is Flexible and Transparent? ▶     Jhonathan P. Rojas, Galo A. Torres Sevilla, Muhammad M. Hussain     State-of-the art computers need high performance transistors, which consume ultra-low power resulting in longer battery lifetime. Billions of transistors are integrated neatly …             Worldwide isotope ratios of the Fukushima release and early-phase external dose reconstruction ▶     Kittisak Chaisan, Jim T. Smith, Peter Bossew et al.     Measurements of radionuclides (RNs) in air made worldwide following the Fukushima accident are quantitatively compared with air and soil measurements made in Japan. Isotopic …             First demonstration of laser engagement of 1-Hz-injected flying pellets and neutron generation ▶     Osamu Komeda, Yasuhiko Nishimura, Yoshitaka Mori et al.     Pellet injection and repetitive laser illumination are key technologies for realizing inertial fusion energy. Numerous studies have been conducted on target suppliers, injectors, …             On the safety of ITER accelerators ▶     Ge Li     Three 1 MV/40A accelerators in heating neutral beams (HNB) are on track to be implemented in the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER). ITER may produce 500 MWt …             Active display and encoding by integrated plasmonic polarizer on light-emitting-diode ▶     L. Wang, T. Li, R. Y. Guo et al.     An electrical pumped microscopic active display with integration of plasmonic polarizer and light-emitting-diode is proposed. Thanks to the strong polarized emission through the …             Standardization of surface potential measurements of graphene domains ▶     Vishal Panchal, Ruth Pearce, Rositza Yakimova et al.     We compare the three most commonly used scanning probe techniques to obtain a reliable value of the work function in graphene domains of different thickness. The surface potential …             Modified Li chains as atomic switches ▶     Thomas Wunderlich, Berna Akgenc, Ulrich Eckern et al.     We present electronic structure and transport calculations for hydrogen and lithium chains, using density functional theory and scattering theory on the Green's function level, to …             Highly sensitive and selective fluoride detection in water through fluorophore release from a metal-organic framework ▶     Florian M. Hinterholzinger, Bastian Rühle, Stefan Wuttke et al.     The detection, differentiation and visualization of compounds such as gases, liquids or ions are key challenges for the design of selective optical chemosensors. Optical chemical …             Flexible asymmetric supercapacitors based on ultrathin two-dimensional nanosheets with outstanding electrochemical performance and aesthetic property ▶     Shan Shi, Chengjun Xu, Cheng Yang et al.     Flexible asymmetric supercapacitors with excellent electrochemical performance and aesthetic property are realized by using ultrathin two-dimensional (2D) MnO2 and graphene …             Towards intrinsic magnetism of graphene sheets with irregular zigzag edges ▶     Lianlian Chen, Liwei Guo, Zhilin Li et al.     The magnetism of graphene has remained divergent and controversial due to absence of reliable experimental results. Here we show the intrinsic magnetism of graphene edge states …             Non-Destructive Monitoring of Charge-Discharge Cycles on Lithium Ion Batteries using 7Li Stray-Field Imaging ▶     Joel A. Tang, Sneha Dugar, Guiming Zhong et al.     Magnetic resonance imaging provides a noninvasive method for in situ monitoring of electrochemical processes involved in charge/discharge cycling of batteries. Determining how the …             Integrated Ring Oscillators based on high-performance Graphene Inverters ▶     Daniel Schall, Martin Otto, Daniel Neumaier et al.     The road to the realization of complex integrated circuits based on graphene remains an open issue so far. Current graphene based integrated circuits are limited by low …             Contrast and Raman spectroscopy study of single- and few-layered charge density wave material: 2H-TaSe2 ▶     Parviz Hajiyev, Chunxiao Cong, Caiyu Qiu et al.     In this article, we report the first successful preparation of single- and few-layers of tantalum diselenide (2H-TaSe2) by mechanical exfoliation technique. Number of layers is …             Geometry of Quantum Computation with Qutrits ▶     Bin Li, Zu-Huan Yu, Shao-Ming Fei     Determining the quantum circuit complexity of a unitary operation is an important problem in quantum computation. By using the mathematical techniques of Riemannian geometry, we …             Nanohole-array-based device for 2D snapshot multispectral imaging ▶     Mohamadreza Najiminaini, Fartash Vasefi, Bozena Kaminska et al.     We present a two-dimensional (2D) snapshot multispectral imager that utilizes the optical transmission characteristics of nanohole arrays (NHAs) in a gold film to resolve a …             Crystallographic anisotropy of the resistivity size effect in single crystal tungsten nanowires ▶     Dooho Choi, Matthew Moneck, Xuan Liu et al.     This work demonstrates an anisotropic increase in resistivity with decreasing width in single crystal tungsten (W) nanowires having a height of 21 nm. Nanowire-widths were in the …             Liquid metal nanodroplet dynamics inside nanocontainers ▶     Hyun Young Jung, Hyunkyung Chun, Sora Park et al.     Here we report direct observations of spatial movements of nanodroplets of Pb metal trapped inside sealed carbon nanocontainers. We find drastic changes in the mobility of the …             In Vitro Hematological and In Vivo Vasoactivity Assessment of Dextran Functionalized Graphene ▶     Sayan Mullick Chowdhury, Shruti Kanakia, Jimmy D. Toussaint et al.     The intravenous, intramuscular or intraperitoneal administration of water solubilized graphene nanoparticles for biomedical applications will result in their interaction with the …             A time-temperature integrator based on fluorescent and polymorphic compounds ▶     Denis Gentili, Margherita Durso, Cristian Bettini et al.     Despite the variety of functional properties of molecular materials, which make them of interest for a number of technologies, their tendency to form inhomogeneous aggregates in …             Analyzing Strawberry Spoilage via its Volatile Compounds Using Longpath Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ▶     Daming Dong, Chunjiang Zhao, Wengang Zheng et al.     The volatile compounds from fruits vary based on the spoilage stage. We used FTIR spectroscopy to analyze and to attempt to identify the spoilage process of strawberries. To …             Strong correlation induced charge localization in antiferromagnets ▶     Zheng Zhu, Hong-Chen Jiang, Yang Qi et al.     The fate of a hole injected in an antiferromagnet is an outstanding issue of strongly correlated physics. It provides important insights into doped Mott insulators closely related …             Surface chirality induced by rotational electrodeposition in magnetic fields ▶     Iwao Mogi, Ryoichi Morimoto, Ryoichi Aogaki et al.     The surfaces of minerals could serve important catalytic roles in the prebiotic syntheses of organic molecules, such as amino acids. Thus, the surface chirality is responsible for …             Three-dimensional dynamics of a fermionic Mott wedding-cake in clean and disordered optical lattices ▶     A. Kartsev, D. Karlsson, A. Privitera et al.     Non-equilibrium quantum phenomena are ubiquitous in nature. Yet, theoretical predictions on the real-time dynamics of many-body quantum systems remain formidably challenging, …             Fatigue-Induced Damage in Zr-Based Bulk Metallic Glasses ▶     Chih-Pin Chuang, Tao Yuan, Wojciech Dmowski et al.     In the present work, we investigate the effect of “fatigue” on the fatigue behavior and atomic structure of Zr-based BMGs. Fatigue experiments on the failed-by-fatigue samples …             Supercapacitor Operating At 200 Degrees Celsius ▶     Raquel S. Borges, Arava Leela Mohana Reddy, Marco-Tulio F. Rodrigues et al.     The operating temperatures of current electrochemical energy storage devices are limited due to electrolyte degradation and separator instability at higher temperatures. Here we …             A unique platinum-graphene hybrid structure for high activity and durability in oxygen reduction reaction ▶     Chengming Wang, Liang Ma, Lingwen Liao et al.     It remains a grand challenge to achieve both high activity and durability in Pt electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in fuel cells. Here we develop a class of Pt …             All-carbon sp-sp2 hybrid structures: Geometrical properties, current rectification, and current amplification ▶     Zhenhua Zhang, Junjun Zhang, Gordon Kwong et al.     All-carbon sp-sp2 hybrid structures comprised of a zigzag-edged trigonal graphene (ZTG)and carbon chains are proposed and constructed as nanojunctions. It has been found that such …             On the growth mode of two-lobed curvilinear graphene domains at atmospheric pressure ▶     Kitu Kumar, Eui-Hyeok Yang     We demonstrate the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth of 2-lobed symmetrical curvilinear graphene domains specifically on Cu{100} surface orientations at atmospheric pressure. …             Short peptide-directed synthesis of one-dimensional platinum nanostructures with controllable morphologies ▶     Kai Tao, Jiqian Wang, Yanpeng Li et al.     Although one dimensional (1D) Pt nanostructures with well-defined sizes and shapes have fascinating physiochemical properties, their preparation remains a great challenge. Here we …             Realization of ferromagnetic graphene oxide with high magnetization by doping graphene oxide with nitrogen ▶     Yuan Liu, Nujiang Tang, Xiangang Wan et al.     The long spin diffusion length makes graphene very attractive for novel spintronic devices, and thus has triggered a quest for integrating the charge and spin degrees of freedom. …             Photo-induced persistent inversion of germanium in a 200-nm-deep surface region ▶     T. Prokscha, K. H. Chow, E. Stilp et al.     The controlled manipulation of the charge carrier concentration in nanometer thin layers is the basis of current semiconductor technology and of fundamental importance for device …             Co3O4 nanocages with highly exposed {110} facets for high-performance lithium storage ▶     Dequan Liu, Xi Wang, Xuebin Wang et al.     Functional materials with both exposed highly reactive planes and hollow structures have attracted considerable attentions with respect to improved catalytic activity and enhanced …             Toll-like Receptor agonists and alpha-galactosylceramide synergistically enhance the production of interferon-gamma in murine splenocytes ▶     Tatsuya Ando, Hiroyasu Ito, Hirofumi Ohtaki et al.     Vα14 natural killer T (iNKT) cells activated by alpha-galactosylceramide (GalCer) secrete a large amount of cytokines. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a critical role in the …             Kinetic Evidence of an Apparent Negative Activation Enthalpy in an Organocatalytic Process ▶     Xiao Han, Richmond Lee, Tao Chen et al.     A combined kinetic and computational study on our tryptophan-based bifunctional thiourea catalyzed asymmetric Mannich reactions reveals an apparent negative activation enthalpy. …             Transition of refractive index contrast in course of grating growth ▶     Tina Sabel, Michael Zschocher     Studies on the dynamics of holographic pattern formation in photosensitive polymers, gaining deeper insight into the specific material transformations, are essential for …             Rationally designed porous polystyrene encapsulated zirconium phosphate nanocomposite for highly efficient fluoride uptake in waters ▶     Qingrui Zhang, Qing Du, Tifeng Jiao et al.     Fluoride pollution in waters has engulfed worldwide regions and an excess of fluoride intake always causes skeletal fluorosis. Herein, a novel hybrid nanomaterial ZrP-MPN was …             Acoustic-like dynamics of amorphous drugs in the THz regime ▶     E. A. A. Pogna, C. Rodríguez-Tinoco, M. Krisch et al.     The high frequency dynamics of Indomethacin and Celecoxib glasses has been investigated by inelastic x-ray scattering, accessing a momentum-energy region still unexplored in …             Neural networks using two-component Bose-Einstein condensates ▶     Tim Byrnes, Shinsuke Koyama, Kai Yan et al.     The authors previously considered a method of solving optimization problems by using a system of interconnected network of two component Bose-Einstein condensates (Byrnes, Yan, …             Directly measuring of thermal pulse transfer in one-dimensional highly aligned carbon nanotubes ▶     Guang Zhang, Changhong Liu, Shoushan Fan     Using a simple and precise instrument system, we directly measured the thermo-physical properties of one-dimensional highly aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs). A kind of CNT-based …             Observation of antiferromagnetic order collapse in the pressurized insulator LaMnPO ▶     Jing Guo, J. W. Simonson, Liling Sun et al.     The emergence of superconductivity in the iron pnictide or cuprate high temperature superconductors usually accompanies the suppression of a long-ranged antiferromagnetic (AFM) …             {110} Slip with {112} slip traces in bcc Tungsten ▶     Cecile Marichal, Helena Van Swygenhoven, Steven Van Petegem et al.     While propagation of dislocations in body centered cubic metals at low temperature is understood in terms of elementary steps on {110} planes, slip traces correspond often with …             Digital Imprinting of RNA Recognition and Processing on a Self-Assembled Nucleic Acid Matrix ▶     Shiv K. Redhu, Matteo Castronovo, Allen W. Nicholson     The accelerating progress of research in nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology has included initiatives to develop highly-sensitive, high-throughput methods to detect biomarkers at …             Magnetoresistive Emulsion Analyzer ▶     Gungun Lin, Larysa Baraban, Luyang Han et al.     We realize a magnetoresistive emulsion analyzer capable of detection, multiparametric analysis and sorting of ferrofluid-containing nanoliter-droplets. The operation of the device …             Probing the Transmembrane Structure and Topology of Microsomal Cytochrome-P450 by Solid-State NMR on Temperature-Resistant Bicelles ▶     Kazutoshi Yamamoto, Melissa Gildenberg, Shivani Ahuja et al.     Though the importance of high-resolution structure and dynamics of membrane proteins has been well recognized, optimizing sample conditions to retain the native-like folding and …                     • Careers & Jobs           naturejobs.com Science jobs of the week       Faculty Position     Vanderbilt University            Research Associate     Cardiff University            PhD Research Associate     BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna            Postdoctoral Fellow In Developmental Neuroscience     CNRS and École Normale Supérieure            Research Associate (x 2)     Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR)            Postdoctoral Research Associate     University of Oxford            Bioinformatician     University of Oxford            Post-doctoral Researcher     Nationwide Children's Hospital, Research Institute            Research Assistant     Khalifa University of Science, Technology & Research (KUSTAR)            Postdoctoral Fellow     Shantou University          No matter what your career stage, student, postdoc or senior scientist, you will find articles on naturejobs.com to help guide you in your science career. 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