Nature Immunology Contents: March 2013 Volume 14 pp 187 - 305

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ReichertSPR.com Subscribe   Facebook   RSS   Recommend to library   Twitter   Advertisement The Vilcek Foundation congratulates Richard A. Flavell and Ruslan Medzhitov, winners of the Vilcek Prize in Biomedical Science. The winners of the Vilcek Prizes for Creative Promise in Biomedical Science are Hashim Al-Hashimi, Michael Rape, and Joanna Wysocka. The Vilcek Prizes honor immigrant contributions to the arts and sciences. Learn more at Vilcek.org.   Advertisement Nature Immunology ANIMATION: IMMUNOLOGY IN THE GUT MUCOSA Nature Immunology in collaboration with Arkitek Studios have produced an animation unravelling the complexities of mucosal immunology in health and disease. View the Animation for FREE at: www.nature.com/ni/multimedia/mucosal Produced with support from Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson   Correspondence Top Can DCs be distinguished from macrophages by molecular signatures?   pp187 - 189 David A Hume, Neil Mabbott, Sobia Raza and Tom C Freeman doi:10.1038/ni.2516 See also: Correspondence by Randolph & Merad Reply to: "Can DCs be distinguished from macrophages by molecular signatures?"   pp189 - 190 Gwen Randolph and Miriam Merad doi:10.1038/ni.2517 See also: Correspondence by Hume et al. Obituary Top Brigitte Askonas 1923-2013   p191 Emil R Unanue doi:10.1038/ni.2553 Commentary Top Can the SBIR and STTR programs advance research goals?   pp192 - 195 Steven Ceulemans and Jay K Kolls doi:10.1038/ni.2495 News and Views Top A Tip leads cytotoxic T cells to the crime scene in neuroinflammation   pp196 - 197 Lawrence Steinman doi:10.1038/ni.2551 By increasing the range of epitopes presented to lymphocytes, determinant spreading allows a more diverse response to ensue. Now the cellular culprits responsible for determinant spreading in the central nervous system have been identified: they are specialized dendritic cells that recruit recruiting CD8+ T cells to an autoimmune 'crime'. See also: Article by Ji et al. Myeloid-cell differentiation redefined in cancer   pp197 - 199 Thomas A Wynn doi:10.1038/ni.2539 The differentiation of monocytes is altered in cancer, which results in the unexpected conversion of a large proportion of monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells into polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells. See also: Article by Youn et al. Changing course by lymphocyte lineage redirection   pp199 - 201 Michele K Anderson doi:10.1038/ni.2544 The fate of T cells differentiating into the CD4 or CD8 lineage is typically fixed when cells leave the thymus. However, CD4+ helper T cells can be reprogrammed to develop into CD4+CD8α+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the gut. See also: Article by Reis et al. | Article by Mucida et al. 'Nurr'ishing Treg cells: Nr4a transcription factors control Foxp3 expression   pp201 - 203 Hozefa S Bandukwala and Anjana Rao doi:10.1038/ni.2546 The Nr4a family of transcription factors transactivate expression of the transcription factor Foxp3 and are essential for the generation of regulatory T cells. Mice deficient in all three members of the Nr4a family develop massive multiorgan inflammation. See also: Article by Sekiya et al. Immunology JOBS of the week Post Doc Position in Immunology Novartis Postdoctoral Research Position in Immunology Washington University School of Medicine Postdoc position in Immunology at the Institut Pasteur Laboratory of Humoral Response to Pathogens, The Institut Pasteur PhD Veterinary Sciences, Vaccine development for bacterial infectious disease University of Calgary - Department of Production Animal Health Postdoc position (biologist, chemist, or physicist) for the project "Chemotaxis of immune cells” Forschungszentrum caesar More Science jobs from Immunology EVENT Immunometabolism: from mechanisms to therapy 6th Sept 2013 Toronto, Canada More science events from Research Highlights Top The unusual suspects | Latent enhancement | Signal integration | Living with commensals | Gender, microbes & autoimmunity | Clipping B cells Review Top MicroRNAs as mediators of viral evasion of the immune system   pp205 - 210 Bryan R Cullen doi:10.1038/ni.2537 Articles Top Epigenetic silencing of retinoblastoma gene regulates pathologic differentiation of myeloid cells in cancer   pp211 - 220 Je-In Youn, Vinit Kumar, Michelle Collazo, Yulia Nefedova, Thomas Condamine, Pingyan Cheng, Alejandro Villagra, Scott Antonia, Judith C McCaffrey, Mayer Fishman, Amod Sarnaik, Pedro Horna, Eduardo Sotomayor and Dmitry I Gabrilovich doi:10.1038/ni.2526 Gabrilovich and colleagues show that monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) differentiate into polymorphonuclear MDSCs in individuals with tumors, demonstrating a demonstrating a distinct regulation of myeloid cell development in cancer. See also: News and Views by Wynn Human type 1 innate lymphoid cells accumulate in inflamed mucosal tissues   pp221 - 229 Jochem H Bernink, Charlotte P Peters, Marius Munneke, Anje A te Velde, Sybren L Meijer, Kees Weijer, Hulda S Hreggvidsdottir, Sigrid E Heinsbroek, Nicolas Legrand, Christianne J Buskens, Willem A Bemelman, Jenny M Mjosberg and Hergen Spits doi:10.1038/ni.2534 Innate lymphoid cells are cytokine-producing cells that contribute to tissue homeostasis. Spits and colleagues identify a human innate cell population that expresses T-bet and IFN-γ and is prevalent in Crohn's disease. Nr4a receptors are essential for thymic regulatory T cell development and immune homeostasis   pp230 - 237 Takashi Sekiya, Ikkou Kashiwagi, Rei Yoshida, Tomohiro Fukaya, Rimpei Morita, Akihiro Kimura, Hiroshi Ichinose, Daniel Metzger, Pierre Chambon and Akihiko Yoshimura doi:10.1038/ni.2520 Sekiya and colleagues demonstrate that the Nr4a nuclear receptors, which are encoded by immediate-early genes upregulated by TCR stimulation in thymocytes, have an essential role in regulatory T cell development. See also: News and Views by Bandukwala & Rao Enhanced survival of lung tissue-resident memory CD8+ T cells during infection with influenza virus due to selective expression of IFITM3   pp238 - 245 Linda M Wakim, Nishma Gupta, Justine D Mintern and Jose A Villadangos doi:10.1038/ni.2525 Villadangos and colleagues show that lung resident memory CD8+ T cells selectively maintain expression of IFITM3, a protein that confers broad resistance to viral infection. IL-1R signaling in dendritic cells replaces pattern-recognition receptors in promoting CD8+ T cell responses to influenza A virus   pp246 - 253 Iris K Pang, Takeshi Ichinohe and Akiko Iwasaki doi:10.1038/ni.2514 Unlike vaccination, infection by a live pathogen often impairs dendritic cell function. Iwasaki and colleagues show that during infection with influenza virus, signaling via the IL-1 receptor is both required and sufficient for the priming of CD8+ T cells. MHC class I-restricted myelin epitopes are cross-presented by Tip-DCs that promote determinant spreading to CD8+ T cells   pp254 - 261 Qingyong Ji, Luca Castelli and Joan M Goverman doi:10.1038/ni.2513 Autoreactive CD8+ T cells are prevalent in multiple sclerosis. Goverman and colleagues identify tumor necrosis factor-inducible nitric oxide synthase (TNF-iNOS)-producing dendritic cells that cross-present myelin antigen to activate naive CD8+ T cells in the central nervous system. See also: News and Views by Steinman Distinct TCR signaling pathways drive proliferation and cytokine production in T cells   pp262 - 270 Clifford S Guy, Kate M Vignali, Jamshid Temirov, Matthew L Bettini, Abigail E Overacre, Matthew Smeltzer, Hui Zhang, Johannes B Huppa, Yu-Hwai Tsai, Camille Lobry, Jianming Xie, Peter J Dempsey, Howard C Crawford, Iannis Aifantis, Mark M Davis and Dario A A Vignali doi:10.1038/ni.2538 Vignali and colleagues show that a full complement of ITAMs is required in the TCR-CD3 complex for TCR-driven T cell proliferation, whereas a low number of functional ITAMs is sufficient for cytokine secretion. Mutual expression of the transcription factors Runx3 and ThPOK regulates intestinal CD4+ T cell immunity   pp271 - 280 Bernardo Sgarbi Reis, Aneta Rogoz, Frederico Azevedo Costa-Pinto, Ichiro Taniuchi and Daniel Mucida doi:10.1038/ni.2518 CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are considered distinct functional lymphocyte subsets. Cheroutre and Mucida and their colleagues show that mature gut-associated CD4+ T cells lose ThPOK expression and reactivate CD8 cytolytic effector programs. See also: News and Views by Anderson Transcriptional reprogramming of mature CD4+ helper T cells generates distinct MHC class II-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes   pp281 - 289 Daniel Mucida, Mohammad Mushtaq Husain, Sawako Muroi, Femke van Wijk, Ryo Shinnakasu, Yoshinori Naoe, Bernardo Sgarbi Reis, Yujun Huang, Florence Lambolez, Michael Docherty, Antoine Attinger, Jr-Wen Shui, Gisen Kim, Christopher J Lena, Shinya Sakaguchi, Chizuko Miyamoto, Peng Wang, Koji Atarashi, Yunji Park, Toshinori Nakayama, Kenya Honda, Wilfried Ellmeier, Mitchell Kronenberg, Ichiro Taniuchi and Hilde Cheroutre doi:10.1038/ni.2523 CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are considered distinct functional lymphocyte subsets. Cheroutre and Mucida and their colleagues show that mature gut-associated CD4+ T cells lose ThPOK expression and reactivate CD8 cytolytic effector programs. See also: News and Views by Anderson Mcl-1 is essential for the survival of plasma cells   pp290 - 297 Victor Peperzak, Ingela Vikström, Jennifer Walker, Stefan P Glaser, Melanie LePage, Christine M Coquery, Loren D Erickson, Kirsten Fairfax, Fabienne Mackay, Andreas Strasser, Stephen L Nutt and David M Tarlinton doi:10.1038/ni.2527 Tarlinton and colleagues show that the antiapoptotic protein Mcl1 is essential for plasma cell survival and is induced by BCMA signaling in bone marrow, but not spleen, plasma cells. Plasma cells require autophagy for sustainable immunoglobulin production   pp298 - 305 Niccolò Pengo, Maria Scolari, Laura Oliva, Enrico Milan, Federica Mainoldi, Andrea Raimondi, Claudio Fagioli, Arianna Merlini, Elisabetta Mariani, Elena Pasqualetto, Ugo Orfanelli, Maurilio Ponzoni, Roberto Sitia, Stefano Casola and Simone Cenci doi:10.1038/ni.2524 Plasma cells are antibody 'factories', which places considerable metabolic stress on these cells. Cenci and colleagues show that long-lived plasma cells and sustained antibody production require autophagy activation. Top Natureevents is a fully searchable, multi-disciplinary database designed to maximise exposure for events organisers. The contents of the Natureevents Directory are now live. The digital version is available here. Find the latest scientific conferences, courses, meetings and symposia on natureevents.com. 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