Nature Reviews Microbiology contents September 2012 Volume 10 Number 9 pp 589-666

TABLE OF CONTENTS
September 2012 Volume 10 Number 9
Impact Factor 21.182 *	In this issue Comment Research Highlights News and Analysis Focus on: Next-generation sequencing Review Also this month  Featured article: Going viral: next-generation sequencing applied to phage populations in the human gut Alejandro Reyes, Nicholas P. Semenkovich, Katrine Whiteson, Forest Rohwer & Jeffrey I. Gordon
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In the issue p589 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro2871 Full Text
Comment: Categorization of the gut microbiota: enterotypes or gradients? Ian B. Jeffery, Marcus J. Claesson, Paul W. O'Toole & Fergus Shanahan p591 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro2859 Grouping the microbiota of individual subjects into compositional categories, or enterotypes, based on the dominance of certain genera may have oversimplified a complex situation. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS Top Bacterial pathogenicity: Targeting translation p593 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro2870 The insect pathogen Pseudomonas entomophila arrests host protein synthesis in the gut of its Drosophila melanogaster host. PDF Bacterial pathogenesis: The two faces of P. luminescens p594 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro2851 Promoter inversion mediates the switch from a mutualistic to a pathogenic form of P. luminescens. PDF Antimicrobials: Arming symbionts with antimalarials p594 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro2860 A bacterial symbiont of mosquitoes, genetically engineered to secrete antiparasitic effector proteins, arrests the development of Plasmodium spp. in these vectors. PDF IN THE NEWS New TB drug cocktail p594 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro2864 A promising new treatment regimen, consisting of three drugs administered in combination, offers renewed hope in the battle against tuberculosis. PDF Viral infection: Coaxing HIV out of hiding p596 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro2861 Two studies suggest that using inhibitors of histone deacetylases to reactivate latent HIV-1 is a realistic route to coaxing the latent virus out of its genomic hiding place. PDF Host response: Connecting the dots in inflammasome activation p596 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro2866 Identification of a new pathway connecting TLR4 and activation of the NLR3P inflammasome in response to Gram-negative bacteria. PDF Biofilms: Watching bacteria build their homes p597 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro2856 Super-resolution microscopy combined with immunostaining of extracellular matrix proteins reveals the dynamics and spatial organization of an actively growing Vibrio cholerae biofilm. PDF IN BRIEF Environmental microbiology: Prospecting the rare biosphere | Bacterial physiology: There were never such devoted sisters | Bacterial genomics: Connecting genotypes and phenotypes PDF Microbiology JOBS of the week Postdoctoral Positions in the Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences Institute of Microbiology AS CR Molecular Microbiology Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Illinois at Chicago Department of Microbiology & Immunology Faculty Position University of Maryland at Baltimore Microbiology and Molecular Genetics Faculty positions The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Associate Professor or Full Professor Indiana University School of Medicine - Dept. of Microbiology and Immunology More Science jobs from Microbiology EVENT 1st Swiss International Conference on Industrial Microbiology 16.-17.10.12 Olten, Switzerland More science events from
NEWS AND ANALYSIS		Top
Genome Watch: Natural transformers Claire Chewapreecha p598 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro2865 This month's Genome Watch highlights in natura cases showing the role of recombination in bacterial evolution, and in vitro studies that focus on the mechanisms of recombination. PDF
Focus on: Next-generation sequencing PROGRESS Top High-throughput bacterial genome sequencing: an embarrassment of choice, a world of opportunity Nicholas J. Loman, Chrystala Constantinidou, Jacqueline Z. M. Chan, Mihail Halachev, Martin Sergeant, Charles W. Penn, Esther R. Robinson & Mark J. Pallen p599 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro2850 In this Progress article, Pallen, Loman and colleagues present a snapshot of the high-throughput sequencing platforms available to microbiologists today, together with the relevant analytical tools, and evaluate their strengths and weaknesses in obtaining bacterial genome sequences. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Supplementary information REVIEWS Top Going viral: next-generation sequencing applied to phage populations in the human gut Alejandro Reyes, Nicholas P. Semenkovich, Katrine Whiteson, Forest Rohwer & Jeffrey I. Gordon p607 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro2853 Viruses are the most diverse and uncharacterized components of all the major ecosystems on Earth, including that within the mammalian gut. Here, Gordon and colleagues review our current understanding of the diversity and ecology of the bacteriophages present in the human gut and discuss how an improved understanding of phage dynamics could revitalize phage therapy. Abstract | Full Text | PDF Dual RNA-seq of pathogen and host Alexander J. Westermann, Stanislaw A. Gorski & Jörg Vogel p618 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro2852 The infection process is accompanied by widespread changes in gene expression in both host and pathogen. Here, Vogel and colleagues explore the feasibility of simultaneously analysing the transcriptomes of both host and pathogen using RNA deep-sequencing approaches. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Supplementary information Genomic sequencing of uncultured microorganisms from single cells Roger S. Lasken p631 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro2857 In recent years, thanks to the development of whole-genome amplification methods, it has become possible to sequence the genome of a single bacterial cell. Here, Roger Lasken reviews the development of single-cell sequencing techniques and their most recent applications. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
REVIEWS		Top
Genomic insights into the marine sponge microbiome Ute Hentschel, Jörn Piel, Sandie M. Degnan & Michael W. Taylor p641 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro2839 Marine sponges can contain dense and diverse microbial communities that can constitute up to 35% of the sponge biomass. In this Review, Hentschel and colleagues describe how genomic insights into both sponges and their associated microbiota are beginning to illuminate the functional and evolutionary roles of each partner in this association. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
Erratum: Microbial colonization and controls in dryland systems Stephen B. Pointing & Jayne Belnap p654 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro2854 Full Text | PDF
Erratum: The Microbial Olympics Merry Youle, Forest Rohwer, Apollo Stacy, Marvin Whiteley, Bradley C. Steel, Nicolas J. Delalez, Ashley L. Nord, Richard M. Berry, Judith P. Armitage, Sophien Kamoun, Saskia Hogenhout, Stephen P. Diggle, James Gurney, Eric J. G. Pollitt, Antje Boetius & Craig Cary p654 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro2855 Full Text | PDF
REVIEW		Top
Microbial translocation in HIV infection: causes, consequences and treatment opportunities Netanya G. Sandler & Daniel C. Douek p655 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro2848 Even when receiving antiretroviral therapy, HIV-infected individuals have an increased risk of mortality owing to systemic immune activation. Sandler and Douek review evidence showing that the translocation of microbial products from the intestine into the circulation may contribute to this risk and discuss potential therapeutic strategies. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
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*2011 Journal Citation Report (Thomson Reuters, 2012)

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