Nature Reviews Neuroscience contents January 2012 Volume 13 Number 1 pp 1-70

TABLE OF CONTENTS
January 2012 Volume 13 Number 1
Impact Factor 29.51 *	In this issue Research Highlights Reviews Perspectives Correspondence Also this month  Featured article: Nanodomain coupling between Ca2+ channels and sensors of exocytosis at fast mammalian synapses Emmanuel Eggermann, Iancu Bucurenciu, Sarit Pati Goswami & Peter Jonas
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Nature Reviews Neuroscience FOCUS ON ADDICTION Read for FREE online at: www.nature.com/nrn/focus/addiction Produced with support from National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) National Institutes of Health U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS Top Neurodevelopmental disorders: Getting with the reprogram p1 | doi:10.1038/nrn3167 A cellular reprogramming approach reveals that Timothy syndrome, which may be associated with symptoms of autism, is linked to impaired cortical neuron differentiation and abnormal catecholamine signalling. PDF Neural development: From floorplate to function p2 | doi:10.1038/nrn3157 A new study demonstrates a method by which dopaminergic neurons can be reliably produced from stem cells, which when transplanted into damaged dopaminergic tissue, integrate into the host tissue to produce functional recovery. PDF Neuronal networks: In the rich club p3 | doi:10.1038/nrn3152 A 'rich club' of interconnected brain regions is crucial for global brain network function. PDF Neurodevelopmental disorders: A fragile synaptic balance p3 | doi:10.1038/nrn3163 Mutations that cause fragile X syndrome and tuberous sclerosis shift the balance of mGluR5 signalling and synaptic protein synthesis in opposite directions. PDF Learning and memory: Channelling spatial information p4 | doi:10.1038/nrn3164 HCN1 channels regulate the size and stability of grid and place cells PDF Psychiatric disorders: Multiple pathways to DISC1-related disease? p4 | doi:10.1038/nrn3166 Two new studies suggest mechanisms whereby variants of DISC1 affect neurodevelopment in the immature and adult mammalian brain. PDF Neurotransmission: Dissecting co-transmission in the striatum p5 | doi:10.1038/nrn3153 Some of the functions attributed to striatal cholinergic neurons, such as spontaneous locomotor activity and rewarding response to cocaine, are actually mediated by the release of glutamate. PDF IN BRIEF Perception: Excitability modulates synaesthesia | Neuropharmacology: Striking the right balance between Gi and Gq signalling | Behavioural neuroscience: Curbing sweet cravings | Addiction: NR2B — a target for preventing drug relapse? PDF Neuroscience JOBS of the week Postdoctoral Training in the Neurosciences Max Planck Florida Institute Research Scientist in Neurogenomics / Bioinformatics Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics (MPI) Postdoc on Genetic Regulation of Neural Stem Cells UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas Postdoc on Neural Stem Cells and Induced Neurogenesis UT Southwestern Medical Center Tenure-track or Tenured Faculty Position in Neuroscience Research University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center More Science jobs from Neuroscience EVENT The Traumatic Brain Injury Conference 06.-07.03.12 Washington DC, US More science events from
REVIEWS		Top
Nanodomain coupling between Ca2+ channels and sensors of exocytosis at fast mammalian synapses Emmanuel Eggermann, Iancu Bucurenciu, Sarit Pati Goswami & Peter Jonas p7 | doi:10.1038/nrn3125 The efficacy of synaptic transmission depends on the coupling between presynaptic calcium channels and the molecules that trigger exocytosis in response to calcium influx. Jonas and colleagues describe evidence for tight coupling at certain fast mammalian synapses, its contribution to signalling properties and the underlying protein–protein interactions. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Supplementary information
The stressed synapse: the impact of stress and glucocorticoids on glutamate transmission Maurizio Popoli, Zhen Yan, Bruce S. McEwen & Gerard Sanacora p22 | doi:10.1038/nrn3138 Recent studies have shed light on the mechanisms by which stress and glucocorticoids affect glutamate transmission in the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus. Sanacora and colleagues review these studies and discuss the relevance of these mechanisms for normal brain functioning and for the pathophysiology and potential new treatments of stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Supplementary information
Gains or losses: molecular mechanisms of TDP43-mediated neurodegeneration Edward B. Lee, Virginia M.-Y. Lee & John Q. Trojanowski p38 | doi:10.1038/nrn3121 The involvement of the RNA-binding protein TDP43 in neurodegenerative disorders, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal lobar degeneration, has become well established. However, the mechanisms by which the protein is linked to the disease process remain unclear. Trojanowski and colleagues describe our current understanding of TDP43 pathology and discuss how gains of toxic function or losses of normal TDP43 function may contribute to neurodegeneration. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
Normalization as a canonical neural computation Matteo Carandini & David J. Heeger p51 | doi:10.1038/nrn3136 Normalization computes a ratio between the response of an individual neuron and the summed activity of a pool of neurons. Here, the authors review the evidence that it serves as a canonical computation — one that is applied to processing different types of information in multiple brain regions in multiple species. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
PERSPECTIVES		Top
OPINION Direct electrical stimulation of human cortex — the gold standard for mapping brain functions? Svenja Borchers, Marc Himmelbach, Nikos Logothetis & Hans-Otto Karnath p63 | doi:10.1038/nrn3140 Despite its clinical relevance, direct electrical stimulation (DES) of the human brain is surprisingly poorly understood. Karnath and colleagues discuss the complex local and remote effects of DES on physiology and behaviour, and conclude that DES cannot be regarded as the gold standard for inferring causality between neuronal activity and behaviour. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
CORRESPONDENCE		Top
Correspondence: Imaging hippocampal subregions with in vivo MRI: advances and limitations Niels M. van Strien, Marius Widerøe, Wilma D. J. van de Berg & Harry B. M. Uylings p70 | doi:10.1038/nrn3085-c1 Full Text | PDF
Correspondence: Corticotropin-releasing factor: innocent until proven guilty William J. Giardino & Andrey E. Ryabinin p70 | doi:10.1038/nrn3110-c1 Full Text | PDF
Correspondence: Our focus on the pharmacogenetics of CRF1 antagonists is simply because they are in clinical development Markus Heilig p70 | doi:10.1038/nrn3110-c2 Full Text | PDF
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Nature Neuroscience Focus on Neurovascular Interactions Blood vessels in the nervous system are not simply neutral bystanders that only support the changing needs of neurons. This Focus from Nature Neuroscience discusses our emerging knowledge of how neurovascular interactions shape neuronal function both in health and disease. Read this Focus online: www.nature.com/neuro/focus/neurovascular
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