Nature Immunology Contents: November 2018 Volume 19 Issue 11

Advertisement Read the latest science news from A*STAR, The Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore's leading research organization Recent stories: Immunology:  Rethinking an inflammatory receptor's obesity connection Genetics:  DNA test reveals genetic risk factors for eczema  Regenerative medicine:  Inhaling stem cells to renew damaged lungs  TABLE OF CONTENTS November 2018 Volume 19, Issue 11 Editorial Research Highlights News & Views Meeting Reports Perspectives Review Articles Articles Advertisement   SPOTLIGHT ON KANAZAWA An alternative Japan experience - Meet the sides of Japanese cities that most international researchers never see Advertisement Phagocytes in Health and Disease December 4, 2018, NYC Featuring Miriam Merad, MD, PhD, of Mt. Sinai, this symposium will bring together leaders in the fields of immunology, cancer biology and tissue regeneration to discuss novel roles for phagocytes in mammalian development and physiology as well as cancer and neurological disease. Webinar access available.  Register   Advertisement Focal Point on Kobe  A seismic shift - How Kobe rebuilt itself after a devastating earthquake and turned into a biotechnology hub   Advertisement =================================== Register for the latest nature.com webcast Assembling High-quality Genomes to Solve Nature's Mysteries - Thursday, November 1, 2018  Register for FREE today Sponsored by Pac Bio ==================================   Editorial Old foes and new enemies    p1147 doi:10.1038/s41590-018-0252-6 Research Highlights Antibodies and metabolites    p1148 Iona Visan doi:10.1038/s41590-018-0244-6 Missile guidance for brain tumors    p1148 Laurie A. Dempsey doi:10.1038/s41590-018-0245-5 CD153 combats Mtb infection    p1148 Laurie A. Dempsey doi:10.1038/s41590-018-0246-4 Targeting cancer by Siglecs    p1148 Zoltan Fehervari doi:10.1038/s41590-018-0247-3 B–T in MS    p1148 Zoltan Fehervari doi:10.1038/s41590-018-0248-2 Advertisement Do you have a career question?  The Naturejobs podcast features one-on-one Q&As, panel discussions and other exclusive content to help scientists with their careers. Hosted on the Naturejobs blog, the podcast is also available on iTunes and Soundcloud.  Listen today!    News & Views Targeting fibrin in neurodegeneration    pp1149 - 1150 Roland Martin doi:10.1038/s41590-018-0241-9 Deposition of fibrin in the brain and central nervous system occurs after injury or disease. This process unmasks a conserved cryptic epitope of fibrin that activates microglia; blocking this interaction can limit inflammation and neurotoxicity. Flat-lying antibody prevents disease enhancement    pp1150 - 1152 Shee-Mei Lok doi:10.1038/s41590-018-0239-3 An antibody to dengue virus that lies flat on its target, neutralizes the virus and also prevents antibody-dependent enhancement of infection is now identified. Remote control of γc expression by arginine methylation    pp1152 - 1154 Joo-Young Park & Jung-Hyun Park doi:10.1038/s41590-018-0240-x Arginine methylation is a post-translational modification that controls the abundance of γc cytokine receptor on mature T cells by a post-transcriptional mechanism. Advertisement Recently published: Poster on hepatitis B This poster from Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology discusses the epidemiology, clinical management and biology of hepatitis B, with a focus on the aims and mechanisms of novel cure strategies that could become future therapies.  Freely available here Produced with support of a grant from Dynavax Technologies   Meeting Reports Strategies for an HIV cure: progress and challenges    pp1155 - 1158 Fu Sheng Wang, Linqi Zhang, Daniel Douek, Andrew McMichael, Xiao-Ning Xu et al. doi:10.1038/s41590-018-0242-8 The 'Strategies for an HIV Cure' conference was held 27–28 April 2018 in Beijing, China, and was hosted by The People's Republic of China Ministry of Science and Technology and the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Perspectives The value of transcriptomics in advancing knowledge of the immune response and diagnosis in tuberculosis    pp1159 - 1168 Akul Singhania, Robert J. Wilkinson, Marc Rodrigue, Pranabashis Haldar & Anne O'Garra doi:10.1038/s41590-018-0225-9 O'Garra and colleagues describe the immune response to infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis revealed through the use of transcriptomics and the value of blood transcriptional gene signatures for the diagnosis of tuberculosis. Antibody-mediated protection against Ebola virus    pp1169 - 1178 Erica Ollmann Saphire, Sharon L. Schendel, Bronwyn M. Gunn, Jacob C. Milligan & Galit Alter doi:10.1038/s41590-018-0233-9 Saphire and colleagues provide new insight into protective antibody-mediated responses to Ebola virus and how these responses could be harnessed for therapeutic intervention and vaccine strategies. Review Articles Recent progress in broadly neutralizing antibodies to HIV    pp1179 - 1188 Devin Sok & Dennis R. Burton doi:10.1038/s41590-018-0235-7 Sok and Burton highlight recent developments in the discovery and application of antibodies able to neutralize diverse isolates of HIV, known as 'broadly neutralizing antibodies'. The immune response against flaviviruses    pp1189 - 1198 Jose Luis Slon Campos, Juthathip Mongkolsapaya & Gavin R. Screaton doi:10.1038/s41590-018-0210-3 Screaton and colleagues discuss the role of the adaptive immune response against flaviviruses in protection and pathogenesis, with emphasis on cross-reactive T cell and antibody responses. Malaria prevention: from immunological concepts to effective vaccines and protective antibodies    pp1199 - 1211 Ian A. Cockburn & Robert A. Seder doi:10.1038/s41590-018-0228-6 Malaria remains a disease of global importance, and a fully protective vaccine is elusive. In this Focus Review, Cockburn and Seder describe how insights into the biology of malaria biology may lead to the design of an effective vaccine. Articles Fibrin-targeting immunotherapy protects against neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration    pp1212 - 1223 Jae Kyu Ryu, Victoria A. Rafalski, Anke Meyer-Franke, Ryan A. Adams, Suresh B. Poda et al. doi:10.1038/s41590-018-0232-x Fibrin deposition occurs after the blood–brain barrier is breached. Akassoglou and colleagues generate a therapeutic monoclonal antibody that targets a cryptic fibrin epitope to suppress activation of innate immune responses in the CNS and diminish neuroinflammation. NIK signaling axis regulates dendritic cell function in intestinal immunity and homeostasis    pp1224 - 1235 Zuliang Jie, Jin-Young Yang, Meidi Gu, Hui Wang, Xiaoping Xie et al. doi:10.1038/s41590-018-0206-z The kinase NIK activates a noncanonical NF-κB2 signaling pathway. Shao-Cong Sun and colleagues show that conditional loss of NIK in dendritic cells alters gut microbiome composition and TH17 cell responses, as a result of reduced expression of IL-23, pIgR and fecal IgA transcytosis. Unique pattern of neutrophil migration and function during tumor progression    pp1236 - 1247 Sima Patel, Shuyu Fu, Jerome Mastio, George A. Dominguez, Abhilasha Purohit et al. doi:10.1038/s41590-018-0229-5 Neutrophils are linked to tumor progression. Gabrilovich and colleagues demonstrate that neutrophils have tumor-stage-dependent alterations in motility, function and metabolism: in early phases, they are highly motile with altered metabolism, whereas at later stages, they become highly suppressive. Characterization of a potent and highly unusual minimally enhancing antibody directed against dengue virus    pp1248 - 1256 Max Renner, Aleksandra Flanagan, Wanwisa Dejnirattisai, Chunya Puttikhunt, Watchara Kasinrerk et al. doi:10.1038/s41590-018-0227-7 Immunity to one serotype of dengue virus can worsen disease following exposure to another serotype, a process called 'antibody-dependent enhancement'. Grimes and colleagues characterize the function and structural basis of an unusual, potent and broadly neutralizing antibody that lacks such activity. Transcription-factor-mediated supervision of global genome architecture maintains B cell identity    pp1257 - 1264 Timothy M. Johanson, Aaron T. L. Lun, Hannah D. Coughlan, Tania Tan, Gordon K. Smyth et al. doi:10.1038/s41590-018-0234-8 The transcription factor Pax5 enforces B cell identity. Nutt, Allan and colleagues show that Pax5 is needed to establish and maintain the three-dimensional genome organization of B cells throughout their lineage development. Arginine methylation controls the strength of γc-family cytokine signaling in T cell maintenance    pp1265 - 1276 Maia Inoue, Kazuo Okamoto, Asuka Terashima, Takeshi Nitta, Ryunosuke Muro et al. doi:10.1038/s41590-018-0222-z PRMT arginine methyltransferases mediate post-translational modification. Takayanagi and colleagues show that a lack of PRMT5 in cells of the T cell lineage compromises their response to cytokines dependent on the common γ-chain, due to aberrant splicing of mRNA transcripts encoding the common γ-chain and its associated kinase JAK3. Natureevents is a fully searchable, multi-disciplinary database designed to maximise exposure for events organisers. The contents of the Natureevents Directory are now live. The digital version is available here. Find the latest scientific conferences, courses, meetings and symposia on natureevents.com. For event advertising opportunities across the Nature Publishing Group portfolio please contact natureevents@nature.com More Nature Events

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