Scientific Reports Biology Table of Contents e-alert: 15 November 2016

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15 November 2016      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports               Biological Sciences               Mitsugumin 53 regulates extracellular Ca2+ entry and intracellular Ca2+ release via Orai1 and RyR1 in skeletal muscle ▶     Mi Kyoung Ahn, Keon Jin Lee, Chuanxi Cai et al.     Mitsugumin 53 (MG53) participates in the membrane repair of various cells, and skeletal muscle is the major tissue that expresses MG53. Except for the regulatory effects of MG53 …             The sensitivity of the DNA damage checkpoint prevents oocyte maturation in endometriosis ▶     Mukhri Hamdan, Keith T. Jones, Ying Cheong et al.     Mouse oocytes respond to DNA damage by arresting in meiosis I through activity of the Spindle Assembly Checkpoint (SAC) and DNA Damage Response (DDR) pathways. It is currently …             The molecular bases of floral scent evolution under artificial selection: insights from a transcriptome analysis in Brassica rapa ▶     Jing Cai, Pengjuan Zu, Florian P. Schiestl     In an artificial selection experiment using fast-cycling Brassica rapa plants it was recently shown that floral VOCs respond rapidly to selection for increased amounts. Here we …             Corrigendum: Synergy of endothelial and neural progenitor cells from adipose-derived stem cells to preserve neurovascular structures in rat hypoxic-ischemic brain injury ▶     Yuan-Yu Hsueh, Ya-Ju Chang, Chia-Wei Huang et al.                 Food color is in the eye of the beholder: the role of human trichromatic vision in food evaluation ▶     Francesco Foroni, Giulio Pergola, Raffaella Ida Rumiati     Non-human primates evaluate food quality based on brightness of red and green shades of color, with red signaling higher energy or greater protein content in fruits and leafs. …             Overlooked habitat of a vulnerable gorgonian revealed in the Mediterranean and Eastern Atlantic by ecological niche modelling ▶     Joana Boavida, Jorge Assis, Inga Silva et al.     Factors shaping the distribution of mesophotic octocorals (30–200 m depth) remain poorly understood, potentially leaving overlooked coral areas, particularly near their …             Glutathione-conjugating and membrane-remodeling activity of GDAP1 relies on amphipathic C-terminal domain ▶     Nina Huber, Christoph Bieniossek, Konstanze Marion Wagner et al.     Mutations in the ganglioside-induced differentiation associated protein 1 (GDAP1) cause severe peripheral motor and sensory neuropathies called Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. GDAP1 …             Aflibercept and Ang1 supplementation improve neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy in a preclinical model of resectable breast cancer ▶     Florence T. H. Wu, Marta Paez-Ribes, Ping Xu et al.     Phase III clinical trials evaluating bevacizumab (an antibody to the angiogenic ligand, VEGF-A) in breast cancer have found improved responses in the presurgical neoadjuvant …             Corrigendum: Assembling Composite Dermal Papilla Spheres with Adipose-derived Stem Cells to Enhance Hair Follicle Induction ▶     Chin-Fu Huang, Ya-Ju Chang, Yuan-Yu Hsueh et al.                 Glycinergic dysfunction in a subpopulation of dorsal horn interneurons in a rat model of neuropathic pain ▶     Wendy L. Imlach, Rebecca F. Bhola, Sarasa A. Mohammadi et al.     The development of neuropathic pain involves persistent changes in signalling within pain pathways. Reduced inhibitory signalling in the spinal cord following nerve-injury has …             Modulating endotoxin activity by combinatorial bioengineering of meningococcal lipopolysaccharide ▶     Afshin Zariri, Elder Pupo, Elly van Riet et al.     Neisseria meningitidis contains a very potent hexa-acylated LPS that is too toxic for therapeutic applications. We used systematic molecular bioengineering of meningococcal LPS …             Emergence of human G2P[4] rotaviruses containing animal derived gene segments in the post-vaccine era ▶     Jelle Matthijnssens, Valerie Nuyts, Elisabeth Heylen et al.     The introduction of Rotarix into the Belgian immunization program in June 2006 coincided with an increase of the relative prevalence of G2P[4] strains. However, the genetic …             Periodic F-actin structures shape the neck of dendritic spines ▶     Julia Bär, Oliver Kobler, Bas van Bommel et al.     Most of the excitatory synapses on principal neurons of the forebrain are located on specialized structures called dendritic spines. Their morphology, comprising a spine head …             Rapid Evaporative Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (REIMS) Provides Accurate Direct from Culture Species Identification within the Genus Candida ▶     Simon J. S. Cameron, Frances Bolt, Alvaro Perdones-Montero et al.     Members of the genus Candida, such as C. albicans and C. parapsilosis, are important human pathogens. Other members of this genus, previously believed to carry minimal disease …             Single GDP-dissociation Inhibitor Protein regulates endocytic and secretory pathways in Leishmania ▶     Senthil kumar Shanmugam, Kamal Kumar, Pawan Kishor Singh et al.     The role of GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) protein in regulation of Rab cycle in Leishmania is not known. Here, we have cloned and characterized the functions of GDI homologue …             LbCML38 and LbRH52, two reference genes derived from RNA-Seq data suitable for assessing gene expression in Lycium barbarum L. ▶     Lei Gong, Yajun Yang, Yuchao Chen et al.     For quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis, the key prerequisite that determines result accuracy is the selection of appropriate reference gene(s). Goji (Lycium barbarum …             Abscinazole-E3M, a practical inhibitor of abscisic acid 8′-hydroxylase for improving drought tolerance ▶     Jun Takeuchi, Masanori Okamoto, Ryosuke Mega et al.     Abscisic acid (ABA) is an essential phytohormone that regulates plant water use and drought tolerance. However, agricultural applications of ABA have been limited because of its …             Potentiating NK cell activity by combination of Rosuvastatin and Difluoromethylornithine for effective chemopreventive efficacy against Colon Cancer ▶     Naveena B. Janakiram, Altaf Mohammed, Taylor Bryant et al.     Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second highest cause of cancer-related deaths. A successful strategy to improve chemopreventive efficacies is by down-regulating tumor polyamines …             Increased expression of proenkephalin and prodynorphin mRNAs in the nucleus accumbens of compulsive methamphetamine taking rats ▶     Jean Lud Cadet, Irina N. Krasnova, Donna Walther et al.     Addiction is associated with neuroadaptive changes in the brain. In the present paper, we used a model of methamphetamine self-administration during which we used footshocks to …             Establishment of a novel tick-Babesia experimental infection model ▶     Hiroki Maeda, Takeshi Hatta, M Abdul Alim et al.     Ticks are potent vectors of many deadly human and animal pathogens. Tick-borne babesiosis is a well-recognized malaria-like disease that occurs worldwide and recently has …             Selenourea: a convenient phasing vehicle for macromolecular X-ray crystal structures ▶     Zhipu Luo     Majority of novel X-ray crystal structures of proteins are currently solved using the anomalous diffraction signal provided by selenium after incorporation of selenomethionine …             High Hepsin expression predicts poor prognosis in Gastric Cancer ▶     Mingming Zhang, Junjie Zhao, Wenyi Tang et al.     Hepsin, a membrane-associated serine protease, is frequently upregulated in epithelial cancers and involved in cancer progression. Our study aims to describe the expression …             Development of functional human oral mucosal epithelial stem/progenitor cell sheets using a feeder-free and serum-free culture system for ocular surface reconstruction ▶     Takahiro Nakamura, Seiichi Yokoo, Adams J. Bentley et al.     Ocular surface reconstruction (OSR) using tissue-engineered cultivated oral mucosal epithelial cell sheets (COMECS) is a promising newly developed treatment for patients with …             The biosynthetic gene cluster for the cyanogenic glucoside dhurrin in Sorghum bicolor contains its co-expressed vacuolar MATE transporter ▶     Behrooz Darbani, Mohammed Saddik Motawia, Carl Erik Olsen et al.     Genomic gene clusters for the biosynthesis of chemical defence compounds are increasingly identified in plant genomes. We previously reported the independent evolution of …             Experimental challenge of pregnant cattle with the putative abortifacient Waddlia chondrophila ▶     Nicholas Wheelhouse, Allen Flockhart, Kevin Aitchison et al.     Waddlia chondrophila is a Gram-negative intracellular bacterial organism that is related to classical chlamydial species and has been implicated as a cause of abortion in cattle. …             SAV742, a Novel AraC-Family Regulator from Streptomyces avermitilis, Controls Avermectin Biosynthesis, Cell Growth and Development ▶     Di Sun, Jianya Zhu, Zhi Chen et al.     Avermectins are useful anthelmintic antibiotics produced by Streptomyces avermitilis. We demonstrated that a novel AraC-family transcriptional regulator in this species, SAV742, …             Auditory attentional selection is biased by reward cues ▶     Erkin Asutay, Daniel Västfjäll     Auditory attention theories suggest that humans are able to decompose the complex acoustic input into separate auditory streams, which then compete for attentional resources. How …             Effects of endothelial cell proliferation and migration rates in a computational model of sprouting angiogenesis ▶     Kerri-Ann Norton, Aleksander S. Popel     Angiogenesis, the recruitment of new blood vessels, is a critical process for the growth, expansion, and metastatic dissemination of developing tumors. Three types of cells make …             Quantitative fluorescence spectroscopy and flow cytometry analyses of cell-penetrating peptides internalization pathways: optimization, pitfalls, comparison with mass spectrometry quantification ▶     Françoise Illien, Nicolas Rodriguez, Mehdi Amoura et al.     The mechanism of cell-penetrating peptides entry into cells is unclear, preventing the development of more efficient vectors for biotechnological or therapeutic purposes. Here, …             Deep Breathing Practice Facilitates Retention of Newly Learned Motor Skills ▶     Goldy Yadav, Pratik K. Mutha     Paced deep breathing practices, a core component of a number of meditation programs, have been shown to enhance a variety of cognitive functions. However, their effects on …             Interpersonal violence and the prediction of short-term risk of repeat suicide attempt ▶     Axel Haglund, Åsa U. Lindh, Henrik Lysell et al.     In this multi-center cohort study, suicide attempters presenting to hospital (N = 355, 63% women) were interviewed using the Karolinska Interpersonal Violence Scale (KIVS) and …             Inhibition of JCPyV infection mediated by targeted viral genome editing using CRISPR/Cas9 ▶     Yi-ying Chou, Annabel Krupp, Campbell Kaynor et al.     Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a debilitating disease resulting from infection of oligodendrocytes by the JC polyomavirus (JCPyV). Currently, there is no …             5-azacytidine affects TET2 and histone transcription and reshapes morphology of human skin fibroblasts ▶     Elena F. M. Manzoni, Georgia Pennarossa, Magda deEguileor et al.     Phenotype definition is controlled by epigenetic regulations that allow cells to acquire their differentiated state. The process is reversible and attractive for therapeutic …             TRF1 phosphorylation on T271 modulates telomerase-dependent telomere length maintenance as well as the formation of ALT-associated PML bodies ▶     Angus Ho, Florence R. Wilson, Stephanie L. Peragine et al.     TRF1, a component of the shelterin complex, plays a key role in both telomerase-dependent telomere maintenance and alternative lengthening of telomeres, the latter also known as …             Oxidative costs of reproduction in mouse strains selected for different levels of food intake and which differ in reproductive performance ▶     Aqeel H. Al Jothery, Lobke M. Vaanholt, Nimesh Mody et al.     Oxidative damage caused by reactive oxygen species has been hypothesised to underpin the trade-off between reproduction and somatic maintenance, i.e., the life-history-oxidative …             Corrigendum: Role of Excessive Autophagy Induced by Mechanical Overload in Vein Graft Neointima Formation: Prediction and Prevention ▶     Ya-Ju Chang, Hui-Chun Huang, Yuan-Yu Hsueh et al.                 Impairment of the serotonergic neurons underlying reinforcement elicits extinction of the repeatedly reactivated context memory ▶     Pavel M. Balaban, Alia Kh. Vinarskaya, Alena B. Zuzina et al.     We analyzed changes in the activity of individually identifiable neurons involved in the networks underlying feeding and withdrawal behaviors in snails before, during, and after …             A network-based phenotype mapping approach to identify genes that modulate drug response phenotypes ▶     Junmei Cairns, Choong Yong Ung, Edroaldo Lummertz da Rocha et al.     To better address the problem of drug resistance during cancer chemotherapy and explore the possibility of manipulating drug response phenotypes, we developed a network-based …             HIV-1 Nef sequesters MHC-I intracellularly by targeting early stages of endocytosis and recycling ▶     Brennan S. Dirk, Emily N. Pawlak, Aaron L. Johnson et al.     A defining characteristic of HIV-1 infection is the ability of the virus to persist within the host. Specifically, MHC-I downregulation by the HIV-1 accessory protein Nef is of …             Downregulation of oncogenic RAS and c-Myc expression in MOLT-4 leukaemia cells by a salicylaldehyde semicarbazone copper(II) complex ▶     Yan-Yih Goh, Yaw-Kai Yan, Nguan Soon Tan et al.     Copper complexes with potent anti-tumor effect have been extensively developed. Most investigations of their modes of action focused on the biomolecular targets but not the …             High-Affinity α-Conotoxin PnIA Analogs Designed on the Basis of the Protein Surface Topography Method ▶     Igor E. Kasheverov, Anton O. Chugunov, Denis S. Kudryavtsev et al.     Despite some success for small molecules, elucidating structure–function relationships for biologically active peptides — the ligands for various targets in the organism — …             Systems pharmacology exploration of botanic drug pairs reveals the mechanism for treating different diseases ▶     Wei Zhou, Jinan Wang, Ziyin Wu et al.     Multi-herb therapy has been widely used in Traditional Chinese medicine and tailored to meet the specific needs of each individual. However, the potential molecular or systems …             Strong and widespread action of site-specific positive selection in the snake venom Kunitz/BPTI protein family ▶     Vera Župunski, Dušan Kordiš     S1 family of serine peptidases is the largest family of peptidases. They are specifically inhibited by the Kunitz/BPTI inhibitors. Kunitz domain is characterized by the compact …             Activating Transcription Factor 4 (ATF4) modulates Rho GTPase levels and function via regulation of RhoGDIα ▶     Silvia Pasini, Jin Liu, Carlo Corona et al.     In earlier studies, we showed that ATF4 down-regulation affects post-synaptic development and dendritic spine morphology in neurons through increased turnover of the Rho GTPase …             A high throughput approach for analysis of cell nuclear deformability at single cell level ▶     Menekse Ermis, Derya Akkaynak, Pu Chen et al.     Various physiological and pathological processes, such as cell differentiation, migration, attachment, and metastasis are highly dependent on nuclear elasticity. Nuclear …             High-throughput living cell-based optical biosensor for detection of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) using a red fluorescent protein reporter system ▶     Hui Jiang, Donglei Jiang, Jingdong Shao et al.     Due to the high toxicity of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), resulting in sepsis and septic shock, two major causes of death worldwide, significant effort is directed toward …             Tetramethylpyrazine nitrone, a multifunctional neuroprotective agent for ischemic stroke therapy ▶     Zaijun Zhang, Gaoxiao Zhang, Yewei Sun et al.     TBN, a novel tetramethylpyrazine derivative armed with a powerful free radical-scavenging nitrone moiety, has been reported to reduce cerebral infarction in rats through …             11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1(11β-HSD1) mediates insulin resistance through JNK activation in adipocytes ▶     Kesong Peng, Yong Pan, Jieli Li et al.     Glucocorticoids are used to treat a number of human diseases but often lead to insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) is a …             Β-blockers treatment of cardiac surgery patients enhances isolation and improves phenotype of cardiosphere-derived cells ▶     Isotta Chimenti, Francesca Pagano, Elena Cavarretta et al.     Β-blockers (BB) are a primary treatment for chronic heart disease (CHD), resulting in prognostic and symptomatic benefits. Cardiac cell therapy represents a promising …             Atomic force microscopy characterization of kinase-mediated phosphorylation of a peptide monolayer ▶     Roman Zhuravel, Einav Amit, Shir Elbaz et al.     We describe the detailed microscopic changes in a peptide monolayer following kinase-mediated phosphorylation. A reversible electrochemical transformation was observed using …             Disrupted Topological Patterns of Large-Scale Network in Conduct Disorder ▶     Yali Jiang, Weixiang Liu, Qingsen Ming et al.     Regional abnormalities in brain structure and function, as well as disrupted connectivity, have been found repeatedly in adolescents with conduct disorder (CD). Yet, the …             PD-L1 expression on immune cells, but not on tumor cells, is a favorable prognostic factor for head and neck cancer patients ▶     Hye Ryun Kim, Sang-Jun Ha, Min Hee Hong et al.     To investigate the expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and immune checkpoints and their prognostic value for resected head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC). …             A proteomic adaptation of small intestinal mucosa in response to dietary protein limitation ▶     Chunfu Qin, Kai Qiu, Wenjuan Sun et al.     Dietary protein limitation (PL) is not only beneficial to human health but also applied to minimize nitrogen excretion in livestock production. However, the impact of PL on …             3D Mass Spectrometry Imaging Reveals a Very Heterogeneous Drug Distribution in Tumors ▶     S. Giordano, L. Morosi, P. Veglianese et al.     Mass Spectrometry Imaging (MSI) is a widespread technique used to qualitatively describe in two dimensions the distribution of endogenous or exogenous compounds within tissue …             Improved Diagnostics by Assessing the Micromorphology of Breast Calcifications via X-Ray Dark-Field Radiography ▶     Kai Scherer, Eva Braig, Sebastian Ehn et al.     Breast microcalcifications play an essential role in the detection and evaluation of early breast cancer in clinical diagnostics. However, in digital mammography, …             Proteomic characterization of neuromelanin granules isolated from human substantia nigra by laser-microdissection ▶     Sarah Plum, Simone Steinbach, Johannes Attems et al.     Neuromelanin is a complex polymer pigment found primarily in the dopaminergic neurons of human substantia nigra. Neuromelanin pigment is stored in granules including a protein …             Effectiveness of advanced carbohydrate counting in type 1 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis ▶     Shimin Fu, Linjun Li, Shuhua Deng et al.     Potential benefits of carbohydrate counting for glycemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) remain inconclusive. Our aim is to systematically assess the …             Assessment of pathological response to therapy using lipid mass spectrometry imaging ▶     Nathan Heath Patterson, Balqis Alabdulkarim, Anthoula Lazaris et al.     In many cancers, the establishment of a patient’s future treatment regime often relies on histopathological assessment of tumor tissue specimens in order to determine the extent …             Caveolin-1 modulates intraocular pressure: implications for caveolae mechanoprotection in glaucoma ▶     Michael H. Elliott, Nicole E. Ashpole, Xiaowu Gu et al.     Polymorphisms in the CAV1/2 genes that encode signature proteins of caveolae are associated with glaucoma, the second leading cause of blindness worldwide, and with its major …             Tracking modern human population history from linguistic and cranial phenotype ▶     Hugo Reyes-Centeno, Katerina Harvati, Gerhard Jäger     Languages and genes arguably follow parallel evolutionary trajectories, descending from a common source and subsequently differentiating. However, although common ancestry is …             Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of CDK9 drives neutrophil apoptosis to resolve inflammation in zebrafish in vivo ▶     Laura J. Hoodless, Christopher D. Lucas, Rodger Duffin et al.     Neutrophilic inflammation is tightly regulated and subsequently resolves to limit tissue damage and promote repair. When the timely resolution of inflammation is dysregulated, …             Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis-Based Proteomic Analysis Reveals N-terminal Truncation of the Hsc70 Protein in Cotton Fibers In Vivo ▶     Chengcheng Tao, Xiang Jin, Liping Zhu et al.     On two-dimensional electrophoresis gels, six protein spots from cotton ovules and fibers were identified as heat shock cognate 70 kD protein (Hsc70). Three spots corresponded to …             Erratum: Activation of P2X7 and P2Y11 purinergic receptors inhibits migration and normalizes tumor-derived endothelial cells via cAMP signaling ▶     D. Avanzato, T. Genova, A. Fiorio Pla et al.                 Corrigendum: Trading off stability against activity in extremophilic aldolases ▶     Markus Dick, Oliver H. Weiergräber, Thomas Classen et al.                 Corrigendum: Bub1 is required for maintaining cancer stem cells in breast cancer cell lines ▶     Jeong Yoon Han, Yu Kyeong Han, Ga-Young Park et al.                 3-D EM exploration of the hepatic microarchitecture – lessons learned from large-volume in situ serial sectioning ▶     Gerald John Shami, Delfine Cheng, Minh Huynh et al.     To-date serial block-face scanning electron microscopy (SBF-SEM) dominates as the premier technique for generating three-dimensional (3-D) data of resin-embedded biological …             Erlotinib-Conjugated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as a Smart Cancer-Targeted Theranostic Probe for MRI ▶     Ahmed Atef Ahmed Ali, Fei-Ting Hsu, Chia-Ling Hsieh et al.     We designed and synthesized novel theranostic nanoparticles that showed the considerable potential for clinical use in targeted therapy, and non-invasive real-time monitoring of …             Exploitation of heterosis loci for yield and yield components in rice using chromosome segment substitution lines ▶     Yajun Tao, Jinyan Zhu, Jianjun Xu et al.     We constructed 128 chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs), derived from a cross between indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) 9311 and japonica rice Nipponbare, to investigate the …             Parallel evolution of passive and active defence in land snails ▶     Yuta Morii, Larisa Prozorova, Satoshi Chiba     Predator-prey interactions are major processes promoting phenotypic evolution. However, it remains unclear how predation causes morphological and behavioural diversity in prey …             Soluble γc cytokine receptor suppresses IL-15 signaling and impairs iNKT cell development in the thymus ▶     Joo-Young Park, Yuna Jo, Eunhee Ko et al.     The soluble γc protein (sγc) is a naturally occurring splice isoform of the γc cytokine receptor that is produced by activated T cells and inhibits γc cytokine signaling. Here we …             Proteomic Characterization of the World Trade Center dust-activated mdig and c-myc signaling circuit linked to multiple myeloma ▶     Kai Wu, Lingzhi Li, Chitra Thakur et al.     Several epidemiological studies suggested an increased incidence rate of multiple myeloma (MM) among first responders and other individuals who exposed to World Trade Center …             Near-infrared bioluminescent proteins for two-color multimodal imaging ▶     Konstantin A. Rumyantsev, Konstantin K. Turoverov, Vladislav V. Verkhusha     Bioluminescence imaging became a widely used technique for noninvasive study of biological processes in small animals. Bioluminescent probes with emission in near-infrared (NIR) …             Binary colloidal crystals (BCCs) as a feeder-free system to generate human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) ▶     Peng-Yuan Wang, Sandy Shen-Chi Hung, Helmut Thissen et al.     Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are capable of differentiating into any cell type and provide significant advances to cell therapy and regenerative medicine. …             Kinetics of recruitment and allosteric activation of ARHGEF25 isoforms by the heterotrimeric G-protein Gαq ▶     Jakobus van Unen, Taofei Yin, Yi I. Wu et al.     Rho GTPases are master regulators of the eukaryotic cytoskeleton. The activation of Rho GTPases is governed by Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs). Three RhoGEF …             Erratum: Thymic DCs derived IL-27 regulates the final maturation of CD4+ SP thymocytes ▶     Hui Tang, Jie Zhang, Xiuyuan Sun et al.                 Periodontal tactile input activates the prefrontal cortex ▶     Nobuaki Higaki, Takaharu Goto, Tetsuo Ichikawa     The prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays a role in complex cognitive behavioural planning, decision-making, and social behaviours. However, the effects of sensory integration during …             Contribution of HN protein length diversity to Newcastle disease virus virulence, replication and biological activities ▶     Jihui Jin, Jing Zhao, Yingchao Ren et al.     To evaluate the contribution of length diversity in the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein to the pathogenicity, replication and biological characteristics of Newcastle …             IGF-1/IGF-1R/hsa-let-7c axis regulates the committed differentiation of stem cells from apical papilla ▶     Shu Ma, Genxia Liu, Lin Jin et al.     Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and its receptor IGF-1R play a paramount role in tooth/bone formation while hsa-let-7c actively participates in the osteogenic …             The cytotoxic synergy of nanosecond electric pulses and low temperature leads to apoptosis ▶     Claudia Muratori, Andrei G. Pakhomov, Elena C. Gianulis et al.     Electroporation by nanosecond electric pulses (nsEP) is an emerging modality for tumor ablation. Here we show the efficient induction of apoptosis even by a non-toxic nsEP …             Adenovirus vector-based incorporation of a photo-cross-linkable amino acid into proteins in human primary cells and cancerous cell lines ▶     Ayami Kita, Nobumasa Hino, Sakiko Higashi et al.     The site-specific incorporation of cross-linkable designer amino acids into proteins is useful for covalently bonding protein complexes upon exposure to light. This technology …             Photothermal therapy improves the efficacy of a MEK inhibitor in neurofibromatosis type 1-associated malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors ▶     Elizabeth E. Sweeney, Rachel A. Burga, Chaoyang Li et al.     Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are aggressive tumors with low survival rates and the leading cause of death in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) patients under 40 …             Erratum: Map-based Cloning and Characterization of the BPH18 Gene from Wild Rice Conferring Resistance to Brown Planthopper (BPH) Insect Pest ▶     Hyeonso Ji, Sung-Ryul Kim, Yul-Ho Kim et al.                 A 30-InDel Assay for Genetic Variation and Population Structure Analysis of Chinese Tujia Group ▶     Chunmei Shen, Bofeng Zhu, Tianhua Yao et al.     In the present study, thirty autosomal insertion and deletion polymorphic loci were simultaneously amplified and genotyped in a multiplex system, and their allelic frequencies as …             Transcriptome analysis of follicles reveals the importance of autophagy and hormones in regulating broodiness of Zhedong white goose ▶     Jing Yu, Yaping Lou, Ayong Zhao     Broodiness, a maternal behavior and instinct for natural breeding in poultry, inhibits egg production and affects the poultry industry. Phenotypic and physiological factors …             Herb-target interaction network analysis helps to disclose molecular mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine ▶     Hao Liang, Hao Ruan, Qi Ouyang et al.     Though many studies have been performed to elucidate molecular mechanism of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) by identifying protein-compound interactions, no systematic …             Effects of Periplocoside P from Periploca sepium on the Midgut Transmembrane Potential of Mythimna separata Larvae ▶     YingYing Wang, Zhijun Qi, Meng Qi et al.     Periplocoside P (PSP) isolated from the root bark of Periploca sepium contains a pregnane glycoside skeleton and possesses high insecticidal properties. Preliminary studies …             An Antarctic molluscan biomineralisation tool-kit ▶     Victoria A. Sleight, Benjamin Marie, Daniel J. Jackson et al.     The Antarctic clam Laternula elliptica lives almost permanently below 0 °C and therefore is a valuable and tractable model to study the mechanisms of biomineralisation in cold …             Neuronal GPCR OCTR-1 regulates innate immunity by controlling protein synthesis in Caenorhabditis elegans ▶     Yiyong Liu, Durai Sellegounder, Jingru Sun     Upon pathogen infection, microbial killing pathways and cellular stress pathways are rapidly activated by the host innate immune system. These pathways must be tightly regulated …             Structural assemblies of the di- and oligomeric G-protein coupled receptor TGR5 in live cells: an MFIS-FRET and integrative modelling study ▶     Annemarie Greife, Suren Felekyan, Qijun Ma et al.     TGR5 is the first identified bile acid-sensing G-protein coupled receptor, which has emerged as a potential therapeutic target for metabolic disorders. So far, structural and …             Increase phosphorus availability from the use of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L) green manure in rice (Oryza sativa L.) agroecosystem ▶     Xiaoye Gao, Dongyan Shi, Aimin Lv et al.     Alfalfa is a good green manure source, but its effect on rice growth has not been fully elucidated. Two green manure species, alfalfa and broad bean (Vicia faba L.), and two N …             TRPC3 positively regulates reactive oxygen species driving maladaptive cardiac remodeling ▶     Naoyuki Kitajima, Takuro Numaga-Tomita, Masahiko Watanabe et al.     Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2) function as key mediators of mechanotransduction during both physiological adaptation to mechanical load and …             Re-visiting the Protamine-2 locus: deletion, but not haploinsufficiency, renders male mice infertile ▶     Simon Schneider, Melanie Balbach, Jan F. Jikeli et al.     Protamines are arginine-rich DNA-binding proteins that replace histones in elongating spermatids. This leads to hypercondensation of chromatin and ensures physiological sperm …             Exploring time- and frequency- dependent functional connectivity and brain networks during deception with single-trial event-related potentials ▶     Jun-feng Gao, Yong Yang, Wen-tao Huang et al.     To better characterize the cognitive processes and mechanisms that are associated with deception, wavelet coherence was employed to evaluate functional connectivity between …             Selenium-binding lactoferrin is taken into corneal epithelial cells by a receptor and prevents corneal damage in dry eye model animals ▶     Akihiro Higuchi, Hiroyoshi Inoue, Yoshio Kaneko et al.     The ocular surface is strongly affected by oxidative stress, which causes many ocular diseases including dry eye. Previously, we showed that selenium compounds, e.g., …             Molecular inotropy mediated by cardiac miR-based PDE4D/PRKAR1α/phosphoprotein signaling ▶     Fikru B. Bedada, Joshua J. Martindale, Erik Arden et al.     Molecular inotropy refers to cardiac contractility that can be modified to affect overall heart pump performance. Here we show evidence of a new molecular pathway for positive …             Engineering yeast for high-level production of stilbenoid antioxidants ▶     Mingji Li, Konstantin Schneider, Mette Kristensen et al.     Stilbenoids, including resveratrol and its methylated derivatives, are natural potent antioxidants, produced by some plants in trace amounts as defense compounds. Extraction of …             Elucidating a molecular mechanism that the deterioration of porcine meat quality responds to increased cortisol based on transcriptome sequencing ▶     Xuebin Wan, Dan Wang, Qi Xiong et al.     Stress response is tightly linked to meat quality. The current understanding of the intrinsic mechanism of meat deterioration under stress is limited. Here, male piglets were …             Analysis of Zinc-Exporters Expression in Prostate Cancer ▶     Chandra K. Singh, Kareem M. Malas, Caitlin Tydrick et al.     Maintaining optimal intracellular zinc (Zn) concentration is crucial for critical cellular functions. Depleted Zn has been associated with prostate cancer (PCa) progression. …             Murine hypothalamic destruction with vascular cell apoptosis subsequent to combined administration of human papilloma virus vaccine and pertussis toxin ▶     Satoko Aratani, Hidetoshi Fujita, Yoshiyuki Kuroiwa et al.     Vaccination is the most powerful way to prevent human beings from contracting infectious diseases including viruses. In the case of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, an …             Dual-wavelength pump-probe microscopy analysis of melanin composition ▶     Andrew Thompson, Francisco E. Robles, Jesse W. Wilson et al.     Pump-probe microscopy is an emerging technique that provides detailed chemical information of absorbers with sub-micrometer spatial resolution. Recent work has shown that the …             A simple method to improve the stability of docetaxel micelles ▶     Lan Zhang, LiWei Tan, LiJuan Chen et al.     Self-assembled polymeric micelles have been widely applied in drug delivery systems. In this study, we found that pH value of micellar system solution was the decisive factor of …             16-nor Limonoids from Harrisonia perforata as promising selective 11β-HSD1 inhibitors ▶     Xiao-Hui Yan, Ping Yi, Pei Cao et al.     Two new 16-nor limonoids, harperspinoids A and B (1 and 2), with a unique 7/5/5/6/5 ring system, have been isolated from the plant Harrisonia perforate together with a known one, …             TERT promoter Mutation and Its Association with Clinicopathological Features and Prognosis of Papillary Thyroid Cancer: A Meta-analysis ▶     Chunping Liu, Zeming Liu, Tianwen Chen et al.     We performed a meta-analysis to elucidate the associations of the clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) with TERT promoter …             Inflammatory cytokine IL6 cooperates with CUDR to aggravate hepatocyte-like stem cells malignant transformation through NF-κB signaling ▶     Qidi Zheng, Zhuojia Lin, Xiaonan Li et al.     Inflammatory cytokines and lncRNAs are closely associated with tumorigenesis. Herein, we reveal inflammatory cytokines IL6 cooperates with long noncoding RNA CUDR to trigger the …             Macrophages form functional vascular mimicry channels in vivo ▶     Faith H. Barnett, Mauricio Rosenfeld, Malcolm Wood et al.     Macrophages, key cells of the innate immune system, are known to support angiogenesis but are not believed to directly form vessel walls. Here we show that macrophages …             Systemic inoculation of Escherichia coli causes emergency myelopoiesis in zebrafish larval caudal hematopoietic tissue ▶     Yuelan Hou, Zhen Sheng, Xiaobing Mao et al.     Emergency granulopoiesis occurs in response to severe microbial infection. However, whether and how other blood components, particularly monocytes/macrophages and their …             Small Regulatory RNAs of Rickettsia conorii ▶     Hema P. Narra, Casey L. C. Schroeder, Abha Sahni et al.     Small regulatory RNAs comprise critically important modulators of gene expression in bacteria, yet very little is known about their prevalence and functions in Rickettsia …             Intrapleural Adenoviral-mediated Endothelial Cell Protein C Receptor Gene Transfer Suppresses the Progression of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma in a Mouse Model ▶     Shiva Keshava, L. Vijaya Mohan Rao, Usha R. Pendurthi     Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive thoracic cancer with a high mortality rate as it responds poorly to standard therapeutic interventions. Our recent studies …             Corrigendum: A novel transcription factor-like gene SbSDR1 acts as a molecular switch and confers salt and osmotic endurance to transgenic tobacco ▶     Vijay Kumar Singh, Avinash Mishra, Intesaful Haque et al.                 Decreased postural control in adult survivors of childhood cancer treated with chemotherapy ▶     Einar-Jón Einarsson, Mitesh Patel, Hannes Petersen et al.     The objective of cancer treatment is to secure survival. However, as chemotherapeutic agents can affect the central and peripheral nervous systems, patients must undergo a …             Novel Agonist Bioisosteres and Common Structure-Activity Relationships for The Orphan G Protein-Coupled Receptor GPR139 ▶     Mohamed A. Shehata, Anne C. Nøhr, Delphine Lissa et al.     GPR139 is an orphan class A G protein-coupled receptor found mainly in the central nervous system. It has its highest expression levels in the hypothalamus and striatum, regions …             Corrigendum: Survival Motor Neuron (SMN) protein is required for normal mouse liver development ▶     Eva Szunyogova, Haiyan Zhou, Gillian K. Maxwell et al.                 Corrigendum: Alterations of mitochondrial dynamics allow retrograde propagation of locally initiated axonal insults ▶     Benjamin Lassus, Sebastien Magnifico, Sandra Pignon et al.                 Comprehensive polymerase chain reaction assay for detection of pathogenic DNA in lymphoproliferative disorders of the ocular adnexa ▶     Yoshihiko Usui, Narsing A. Rao, Hiroshi Takase et al.     Infectious agents have been identified as a major cause of specific types of human cancers worldwide. Several microorganisms have been identified as potential aggravators of …             Next generation sequencing of benzo(a)pyrene-induced lacZ mutants identifies a germ cell-specific mutation spectrum ▶     Jason M. O’Brien, Marc A. Beal, Carole L. Yauk et al.     De novo mutations are implicated in a variety of genetic diseases and arise primarily in the male germline. We investigated whether male germ cells have unique mechanisms for …             The ubiquitin hybrid gene UBA52 regulates ubiquitination of ribosome and sustains embryonic development ▶     Masanori Kobayashi, Shigeru Oshima, Chiaki Maeyashiki et al.     Ubiquitination is a crucial post-translational modification; however, the functions of ubiquitin-coding genes remain unclear. UBA52 encodes a fusion protein comprising ubiquitin …             Inhibition of Epac1 suppresses mitochondrial fission and reduces neointima formation induced by vascular injury ▶     Hui Wang, William G. Robichaux, Ziqing Wang et al.     Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) activation in response to injury plays an important role in the development of vascular proliferative diseases, including restenosis and …             Lineage diversification, homo- and heterologous reassortment and recombination shape the evolution of chicken orthoreoviruses ▶     Szilvia L. Farkas, Szilvia Marton, Eszter Dandár et al.     The near complete genome sequences of ten field avian orthoreovirus (ARV) strains collected from young chicken between 2002 and 2011 in Hungary have been determined in order to …             Noscapine targets EGFRp-Tyr1068 to suppress the proliferation and invasion of MG63 cells ▶     Ming He, Linlin Jiang, Zhaozhou Ren et al.     Osteosarcoma, the most common primary malignant bone tumor, usually arises in the metaphysis of long bones. Amplification and mutation of the epidermal growth factor receptor …             Antibacterial activity of the nitrovinylfuran G1 (Furvina) and its conversion products ▶     Ülar Allas, Lauri Toom, Anastasia Selyutina et al.     2-Bromo-5-(2-bromo-2-nitrovinyl)furan (G1 or Furvina) is an antimicrobial with a direct reactivity against thiol groups. It is active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative …             Lucky Rhythms in Orbitofrontal Cortex Bias Gambling Decisions in Humans ▶     Pierre Sacré, Matthew S. D. Kerr, Kevin Kahn et al.     It is well established that emotions influence our decisions, yet the neural basis of this biasing effect is not well understood. Here we directly recorded local field potentials …             Effects of weaning on intestinal crypt epithelial cells in piglets ▶     Huansheng Yang, Xia Xiong, Xiaocheng Wang et al.     Intestinal epithelial cells in the crypt proliferate in piglets in response to weaning. However, the underlying mechanism has been unclear. We examined 40 piglets from eight …             Novel amperometric glucose biosensor based on MXene nanocomposite ▶     R. B. Rakhi, Pranati Nayuk, Chuan Xia et al.     A biosensor platform based on Au/MXene nanocomposite for sensitive enzymatic glucose detection is reported. The biosensor leverages the unique electrocatalytic properties and …             Meta-analysis of gene expression studies in endometrial cancer identifies gene expression profiles associated with aggressive disease and patient outcome ▶     Tracy A. O’Mara, Min Zhao, Amanda B. Spurdle     Although endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC; comprising ~80% of all endometrial cancers diagnosed) is typically associated with favourable patient outcome, a significant …             Suilysin-induced Platelet-Neutrophil Complexes Formation is Triggered by Pore Formation-dependent Calcium Influx ▶     Shengwei Zhang, Yuling Zheng, Shaolong Chen et al.     Platelet activation and platelet–neutrophil interactions have been found to be involved in inflammation, organ failure and soft-tissue necrosis in bacterial infections. …             Evidence that ferritin is associated with light production in the mucus of the marine worm Chaetopterus ▶     Renu Rawat, Dimitri D. Deheyn     The blue glow of the mucus from Chaetopterus involves a photoprotein, iron and flavins. Identity and respective role of these components remain, however, largely unresolved …             Contribution of sleep to the repair of neuronal DNA double-strand breaks: evidence from flies and mice ▶     Michele Bellesi, Daniel Bushey, Mattia Chini et al.     Exploration of a novel environment leads to neuronal DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). These DSBs are generated by type 2 topoisomerase to relieve topological constrains that …             Population genomic analysis uncovers environmental stress-driven selection and adaptation of Lentinula edodes population in China ▶     Yang Xiao, Xuanjin Cheng, Jun Liu et al.     The elucidation of genome-wide variations could help reveal aspects of divergence, domestication, and adaptation of edible mushrooms. Here, we resequenced the whole genomes of 39 …             Artificial Blood for Dogs ▶     Kana Yamada, Kyoko Yokomaku, Moeka Kureishi et al.     There is no blood bank for pet animals. Consequently, veterinarians themselves must obtain “blood” for transfusion therapy. Among the blood components, serum albumin and red …             Production of ricinoleic acid-containing monoestolide triacylglycerides in an oleaginous diatom, Chaetoceros gracilis ▶     Masataka Kajikawa, Tatsuki Abe, Kentaro Ifuku et al.     Ricinoleic acid (RA), a hydroxyl fatty acid, is suitable for medical and industrial uses and is produced in high-oil-accumulating organisms such as castor bean and the ergot …             Cellulase from Trichoderma harzianum interacts with roots and triggers induced systemic resistance to foliar disease in maize ▶     Kandasamy Saravanakumar, Lili Fan, Kehe Fu et al.     Trichoderma harzianum is well known to exhibit induced systemic resistance (ISR) to Curvularia leaf spot. We previously reported that a C6 zinc finger protein (Thc6) is …             Dynamic Oligomerization of Integrase Orchestrates HIV Nuclear Entry ▶     Doortje Borrenberghs, Lieve Dirix, Flore De Wit et al.     Nuclear entry is a selective, dynamic process granting the HIV-1 pre-integration complex (PIC) access to the chromatin. Classical analysis of nuclear entry of heterogeneous viral …             VEGF released by deferoxamine preconditioned mesenchymal stem cells seeded on collagen-GAG substrates enhances neovascularization ▶     Elizabeth A. Wahl, Thilo L. Schenck, Hans-Günther Machens et al.     Hypoxia preconditioning of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been shown to promote wound healing through HIF-1α stabilization. Preconditioned MSCs can be applied to …             New structural insight of C-terminal region of Syntenin-1, enhancing the molecular dimerization and inhibitory function related on Syndecan-4 signaling ▶     Youngsil Choi, Ji-Hye Yun, Jiho Yoo et al.     The PDZ domain-containing scaffold protein, syntenin-1, binds to the transmembrane proteoglycan, syndecan-4, but the molecular mechanism/function of this interaction are unknown. …             Fucose-containing fraction of Ling-Zhi enhances lipid rafts-dependent ubiquitination of TGFβ receptor degradation and attenuates breast cancer tumorigenesis ▶     Shu-Ming Tsao, Hsien-Yeh Hsu     Ganoderma lucidum exerts antitumor activity, but the mechanism of G. lucidum polysaccharides on cancer is unclear. Here, we demonstrated that a fucose-containing fraction of …             High glucose upregulates BACE1-mediated Aβ production through ROS-dependent HIF-1α and LXRα/ABCA1-regulated lipid raft reorganization in SK-N-MC cells ▶     Hyun Jik Lee, Jung Min Ryu, Young Hyun Jung et al.     There is an accumulation of evidence indicating that the risk of Alzheimer’s disease is associated with diabetes mellitus, an indicator of high glucose concentrations in blood …             Causal Evidence for the Role of Specific GABAergic Interneuron Types in Entorhinal Recruitment of Dentate Granule Cells ▶     Cheng-Ta Lee, Min-Hua Kao, Wen-Hsien Hou et al.     The dentate gyrus (DG) is the primary gate of the hippocampus and controls information flow from the cortex to the hippocampus proper. To maintain normal function, granule cells …             The use of targeted exome sequencing in genetic diagnosis of young patients with severe hypercholesterolemia ▶     Long Jiang, Wen-Feng Wu, Li-Yuan Sun et al.     Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant disorder. Although genetic testing is an important tool for detecting FH-causing mutations in patients, diagnostic …             Graphlet characteristics in directed networks ▶     Igor Trpevski, Tamara Dimitrova, Tommy Boshkovski et al.     Graphlet analysis is part of network theory that does not depend on the choice of the network null model and can provide comprehensive description of the local network structure. …             Novel pH sensing semiconductor for point-of-care detection of HIV-1 viremia ▶     R. Gurrala, Z. Lang, L. Shepherd et al.     The timely detection of viremia in HIV-infected patients receiving antiviral treatment is key to ensuring effective therapy and preventing the emergence of drug resistance. In …             Corrigendum: Quantifying overlap between the Deepwater Horizon oil spill and predicted bluefin tuna spawning habitat in the Gulf of Mexico ▶     Elliott L. Hazen, Aaron B. Carlisle, Steven G. Wilson et al.                 Reduced incidence of interstitial pneumonitis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation using a modified technique of total body irradiation ▶     Yun Chiang, Cheng-Hong Tsai, Sung-Hsin Kuo et al.     Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a curative-intent treatment for patients with high-risk hematologic diseases. However, interstitial pneumonitis (IP) and …             Molecular Mechanism and Energy Basis of Conformational Diversity of Antibody SPE7 Revealed by Molecular Dynamics Simulation and Principal Component Analysis ▶     Jianzhong Chen, Jinan Wang, Weiliang Zhu     More and more researchers are interested in and focused on how a limited repertoire of antibodies can bind and correspondingly protect against an almost limitless diversity of …             A Late Cretaceous diversification of Asian oviraptorid dinosaurs: evidence from a new species preserved in an unusual posture ▶     Junchang Lü, Rongjun Chen, Stephen L. Brusatte et al.     Oviraptorosaurs are a bizarre group of bird-like theropod dinosaurs, the derived forms of which have shortened, toothless skulls, and which diverged from close relatives by …             Marked increases in mucociliary clearance produced by synergistic secretory agonists or inhibition of the epithelial sodium channel ▶     Nam Soo Joo, Jin Hyeok Jeong, Hyung-Ju Cho et al.     Mucociliary clearance (MCC) is a critical host innate defense mechanism in airways, and it is impaired in cystic fibrosis (CF) and other obstructive lung diseases. Epithelial …             Exploration of the Sphingolipid Metabolite, Sphingosine-1-phosphate and Sphingosine, as Novel Biomarkers for Aspirin-exacerbated Respiratory Disease ▶     Hoang Kim Tu Trinh, Su-Chin Kim, Kumsun Cho et al.     Sphingolipid (SL) metabolites have been suggested to be important inflammatory mediators in airway inflammation and asthma. However, little is known about SL metabolites in …             Cytokine cascade and networks among MSM HIV seroconverters: implications for early immunotherapy ▶     Xiaojie Huang, Xinchao Liu, Kathrine Meyers et al.     The timing, intensity and duration of the cytokine cascade and reorganized interrelations in cytokine networks are not fully understood during acute HIV-1 infection (AHI). Using …             A dynamic in vivo-like organotypic blood-brain barrier model to probe metastatic brain tumors ▶     Hui Xu, Zhongyu Li, Yue Yu et al.     The blood-brain barrier (BBB) restricts the uptake of many neuro-therapeutic molecules, presenting a formidable hurdle to drug development in brain diseases. We proposed a new …             Viral vector vaccines expressing nucleoprotein and phosphoprotein genes of avian bornaviruses ameliorate homologous challenge infections in cockatiels and common canaries ▶     Marita Olbert, Angela Römer-Oberdörfer, Christiane Herden et al.     Avian bornaviruses are causative agents of proventricular dilatation disease (PDD), an often fatal disease of parrots and related species (order Psittaciformes) which is widely …             Delayed development of systemic immunity in preterm pigs as a model for preterm infants ▶     Duc Ninh Nguyen, Pingping Jiang, Hanne Frøkiær et al.     Preterm neonates are highly sensitive to systemic infections in early life but little is known about systemic immune development following preterm birth. We hypothesized that …             Metabolic alterations by indoxyl sulfate in skeletal muscle induce uremic sarcopenia in chronic kidney disease ▶     Emiko Sato, Takefumi Mori, Eikan Mishima et al.     Sarcopenia is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Pathogenic mechanism of skeletal muscle loss in CKD, which is defined as uremic …             Multiscale description of avian migration: from chemical compass to behaviour modeling ▶     J. Boiden Pedersen, Claus Nielsen, Ilia A. Solov’yov     Despite decades of research the puzzle of the magnetic sense of migratory songbirds has still not been unveiled. Although the problem really needs a multiscale description, most …             Activation of AMPKα mediates additive effects of solamargine and metformin on suppressing MUC1 expression in castration-resistant prostate cancer cells ▶     SongTao Xiang, QiuHong Zhang, Qing Tang et al.     Prostate cancer is the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The mucin 1 (MUC1) oncoprotein is highly expressed in human prostate cancers with aggressive …             Mesenchymal stem cells generate distinct functional hybrids in vitro via cell fusion or entosis ▶     Francesco Sottile, Francesco Aulicino, Ilda Theka et al.     Homotypic and heterotypic cell-to-cell fusion are key processes during development and tissue regeneration. Nevertheless, aberrant cell fusion can contribute to tumour initiation …             Evidence for a dynamic role for mononuclear phagocytes during endometrial repair and remodelling ▶     Fiona L. Cousins, Phoebe M. Kirkwood, Philippa T. K. Saunders et al.     In women, endometrial breakdown, which is experienced as menstruation, is characterised by high concentrations of inflammatory mediators and immune cells which account for ~40% …             Establishing super-resolution imaging for proteins in diatom biosilica ▶     Philip Gröger, Nicole Poulsen, Jennifer Klemm et al.     The intricate, genetically controlled biosilica nano- and micropatterns produced by diatoms are a testimony for biology’s ability to control mineral formation (biomineralization) …             Evidence of Olfactory Imprinting at an Early Life Stage in Pink Salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) ▶     Nolan N. Bett, Scott G. Hinch, Andrew H. Dittman et al.     Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) navigate towards spawning grounds using olfactory cues they imprinted on as juveniles. The timing at which imprinting occurs has been studied …             Functional roles of Arabidopsis CKRC2/YUCCA8 gene and the involvement of PIF4 in the regulation of auxin biosynthesis by cytokinin ▶     Dong-Wei Di, Lei Wu, Li Zhang et al.     Auxin and cytokinin (CK) are both important hormones involved in many aspects of plant growth and development. However, the details of auxin biosynthesis and the interaction …             Streptococcus pneumoniae resists intracellular killing by olfactory ensheathing cells but not by microglia ▶     Hugo Macedo-Ramos, Susana Ruiz-Mendoza, Rafael M. Mariante et al.     Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) are a type of specialized glial cell currently considered as having a double function in the nervous system: one regenerative, and another …             The avian-specific small heat shock protein HSP25 is a constitutive protector against environmental stresses during blastoderm dormancy ▶     Young Sun Hwang, Mee Hyun Ko, Young Min Kim et al.     Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) range in size from 12 to 42 kDa and contain an α-crystalline domain. They have been proposed to play roles in the first line of defence against …             Downregulation of Aedes aegypti chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 7/Kismet by Wolbachia and its effect on dengue virus replication ▶     Sultan Asad, Sonja Hall-Mendelin, Sassan Asgari     Dengue virus (DENV) is a mosquito-transmitted virus imposing a significant burden on human health around the world. Since current control strategies are not sufficient, there is …             Changes in duodenal tissue-associated microbiota following hookworm infection and consecutive gluten challenges in humans with coeliac disease ▶     Paul Giacomin, Martha Zakrzewski, Timothy P. Jenkins et al.     A reduced diversity of the gastrointestinal commensal microbiota is associated with the development of several inflammatory diseases. Recent reports in humans and animal models …             TM1-IR680 peptide for assessment of surgical margin and lymph node metastasis in murine orthotopic model of oral cancer ▶     Annie A. Suganya S., K. J. Kochurani, Madhumathy G. Nair et al.     Treatment outcome after surgical removal in oral carcinoma is poor due to inadequate methodologies available for marking surgical margins. Even though some methodologies for …             Larval nutritional stress affects vector life history traits and human malaria transmission ▶     Amélie Vantaux, Thierry Lefèvre, Anna Cohuet et al.     Exposure to stress during an insect’s larval development can have carry-over effects on adult life history traits and susceptibility to pathogens. We investigated the effects of …             Gata4 is critical to maintain gut barrier function and mucosal integrity following epithelial injury ▶     David Lepage, Élise Bélanger, Christine Jones et al.     The intestinal epithelial barrier is critical to limit potential harmful consequences from exposure to deleterious luminal contents on the organism. Although this barrier is …             Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal community composition affected by original elevation rather than translocation along an altitudinal gradient on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ▶     Wei Yang, Yong Zheng, Cheng Gao et al.     Elucidating arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal responses to elevation changes is critical to improve understanding of microbial function in ecosystems under global asymmetrical …             Novel Culturing Techniques Select for Heterotrophs and Hydrocarbon Degraders in a Subantarctic Soil ▶     J. M. van Dorst, G. Hince, I. Snape et al.     The soil substrate membrane system (SSMS) is a novel micro-culturing technique targeted at terrestrial soil systems. We applied the SSMS to pristine and diesel fuel spiked polar …             Himalayan uplift shaped biomes in Miocene temperate Asia: evidence from leguminous Caragana ▶     Ming-Li Zhang, Xiao-Guo Xiang, Juan-Juan Xue et al.     Caragana, with distinctive variation in leaf and rachis characters, exhibits three centers of geographic distribution, i.e., Central Asia, the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP), and …             How DNA barcoding can be more effective in microalgae identification: a case of cryptic diversity revelation in Scenedesmus (Chlorophyceae) ▶     Shanmei Zou, Cong Fei, Chun Wang et al.     Microalgae identification is extremely difficult. The efficiency of DNA barcoding in microalgae identification involves ideal gene markers and approaches employed, which however, …             Ecological dynamics of influenza A viruses: cross-species transmission and global migration ▶     Hongguang Ren, Yuan Jin, Mingda Hu et al.     A comprehensive study of cross-species transmission and inter-regional migration would provide insights into the global ecology of influenza A viruses (IAVs). To this end, we …             Heterogeneity of executive functions among comorbid neurodevelopmental disorders ▶     Dina R. Dajani, Maria M. Llabre, Mary Beth Nebel et al.     Executive functions (EFs) are used to set goals, plan for the future, inhibit maladaptive responses, and change behavior flexibly. Although some studies point to specific EF …             2-Aminobutyric acid modulates glutathione homeostasis in the myocardium ▶     Yasuhiro Irino, Ryuji Toh, Manabu Nagao et al.     A previous report showed that the consumption of glutathione through oxidative stress activates the glutathione synthetic pathway, which is accompanied by production of …             SGTA interacts with the proteasomal ubiquitin receptor Rpn13 via a carboxylate clamp mechanism ▶     Arjun Thapaliya, Yvonne Nyathi, Santiago Martínez-Lumbreras et al.     The fate of secretory and membrane proteins that mislocalize to the cytosol is decided by a collaboration between cochaperone SGTA (small, glutamine-rich, tetratricopeptide …             Flight behaviour of honey bee (Apis mellifera) workers is altered by initial infections of the fungal parasite Nosema apis ▶     Ryan Dosselli, Julia Grassl, Andrew Carson et al.     Honey bees (Apis mellifera) host a wide range of parasites, some being known contributors towards dramatic colony losses as reported over recent years. To counter parasitic …             MicroRNA-126 overexpression rescues diabetes-induced impairment in efferocytosis of apoptotic cardiomyocytes ▶     Sahana Suresh Babu, Rajarajan A. Thandavarayan, Darukeshwara Joladarashi et al.     Efferocytosis, a process of clearance of apoptotic cells by phagocytes, is essential for successful resolution of inflammation and maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Diabetes …             GDNF-expressing STO feeder layer supports the long-term propagation of undifferentiated mouse spermatogonia with stem cell properties ▶     Xiang Wei, Yuanyuan Jia, Yuanyuan Xue et al.     The development of a stem cell culture system would expedite our understanding of the biology of tissue regeneration. Spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) is the foundation for …             Mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake controls actin cytoskeleton dynamics during cell migration ▶     Julien Prudent, Nikolay Popgeorgiev, Rudy Gadet et al.     Intracellular Ca2+ signaling regulates cell migration by acting on cytoskeleton architecture, cell directionality and focal adhesions dynamics. In migrating cells, cytosolic Ca2+ …             Composition of gut microbiota in infants in China and global comparison ▶     Ya-Shu Kuang, Sheng-Hui Li, Yong Guo et al.     Symbiotic gut microbiota is essential for human health, and its compositional changes have been associated with various complex disorders. However, systematic investigation of …             Maternal High Estradiol Exposure is Associated with Elevated Thyroxine and Pax8 in Mouse Offspring ▶     Ping-Ping Lv, Shen Tian, Chun Feng et al.     Our previous studies have shown that maternal high estradiol (E2) environment increased the risk of thyroid dysfunction in offspring. However, the mechanism involved remains …             Molecular basis for epitope recognition by non-neutralizing anti-gp41 antibody F240 ▶     Neelakshi Gohain, William D. Tolbert, Chiara Orlandi et al.     Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) by non-neutralizing antibodies (nnAbs) specific to the HIV envelope (Env) glycoproteins present at the surface of virus …             Decrease in fMRI brain activation during working memory performed after sleeping under 10 lux light ▶     Seung-Gul Kang, Ho-Kyoung Yoon, Chul-Hyun Cho et al.     The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of exposure to dim light at night (dLAN) when sleeping on functional brain activation during a working-memory tasks. We …             Ocular toxoplasmosis: susceptibility in respect to the genes encoding the KIR receptors and their HLA class I ligands ▶     Christiane Maria Ayo, Fábio Batista Frederico, Rubens Camargo Siqueira et al.     The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of the genes encoding the KIR receptors and their HLA ligands in the susceptibility of ocular toxoplasmosis. A total …             Lack of diversity at innate immunity Toll-like receptor genes in the Critically Endangered White-winged Flufftail (Sarothrura ayresi) ▶     Desire L. Dalton, Elaine Vermaak, Hanneline A. Smit-Robinson et al.     The White-winged Flufftail (Sarothrura ayresi) population is listed as globally Critically Endangered. White-winged Flufftails are only known to occur, with any regularity, in …             Invasive plant Alternanthera philoxeroides suffers more severe herbivory pressure than native competitors in recipient communities ▶     Shufeng Fan, Haihao Yu, Xianru Dong et al.     Host-enemy interactions are vital mechanisms that explain the success or failure of invasive plants in new ranges. We surveyed the defoliation of invasive Alternanthera …             Recurrence Rates and Risk Factors for Primary Giant Cell Tumors around the Knee: A Multicentre Retrospective Study in China ▶     Pan Hu, Liming Zhao, Huilin Zhang et al.     Giant cell tumors of the bone (GCTBs) are commonly diagnosed in Asian populations, usually around the knee. Herein, we aimed to determine the clinical characteristics, local …             Degradable emulsion as vaccine adjuvant reshapes antigen-specific immunity and thereby ameliorates vaccine efficacy ▶     Chung-Hsiung Huang, Chiung-Yi Huang, Chih-Ping Cheng et al.     This study describes the feasibility and adjuvant mechanism of a degradable emulsion for tuning adaptive immune responses to a vaccine antigen. We featured a mouse model with …             FANCD2 functions as a critical factor downstream of MiTF to maintain the proliferation and survival of melanoma cells ▶     Julie Bourseguin, Caroline Bonet, Emilie Renaud et al.     Proteins involved in genetic stability maintenance and safeguarding DNA replication act not only against cancer initiation but could also play a major role in sustaining cancer …             Radiation Damage in XFEL: Case study from the oxygen-evolving complex of Photosystem II ▶     Muhamed Amin, Ashraf Badawi, S. S. Obayya     Structural changes induced by radiation damage in X-ray crystallography hinder the ability to understand the structure/function relationship in chemical reactions. Serial …             Death receptor 5 (DR5) and a 5-gene apoptotic biomarker panel with significant differential diagnostic potential in colorectal cancer ▶     Marina Devetzi, Vivian Kosmidou, Margarita Vlassi et al.     High expression of Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) has been related to colorectal cancer (CRC) progression, resistance to treatment and poor prognosis. TRAIL (TNF-related …             miR-107 regulates tumor progression by targeting NF1 in gastric cancer ▶     Shizhi Wang, Gaoxiang Ma, Haixia Zhu et al.     Our previous genome-wide miRNA microarray study revealed that miR-107 was upregulated in gastric cancer (GC). In this study we aimed to explore its biological role in the …             Obesity-induced kidney injury is attenuated by amelioration of aberrant PHD2 activation in proximal tubules ▶     Koji Futatsugi, Hirobumi Tokuyama, Shinsuke Shibata et al.     The involvement of tissue ischemia in obesity-induced kidney injury remains to be elucidated. Compared with low fat diet (LFD)-mice, high fat diet (HFD)-fed mice became obese …             Novel High-throughput Approach for Purification of Infectious Virions ▶     Kevin T. James, Brad Cooney, Kate Agopsowicz et al.     Viruses are extensively studied as pathogens and exploited as molecular tools and therapeutic agents. Existing methods to purify viruses such as gradient ultracentrifugation or …             Evaluation of the Illumigene Malaria LAMP: A Robust Molecular Diagnostic Tool for Malaria Parasites ▶     Naomi W. Lucchi, Marie Gaye, Mammadou Alpha Diallo et al.     Isothermal nucleic acid amplification assays such as the loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), are well suited for field use as they do not require thermal cyclers to …             The role of water molecules in stereoselectivity of glucose/galactose-binding protein ▶     Minsup Kim, Art E. Cho     Using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation methods, we attempted to explain the experimental results on ligand specificity of glucose/galactose-binding protein (GGBP) to …             Association and interaction of APOA5, BUD13, CETP, LIPA and health-related behavior with metabolic syndrome in a Taiwanese population ▶     Eugene Lin, Po-Hsiu Kuo, Yu-Li Liu et al.     Increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been associated with the APOA5, APOC1, BRAP, BUD13, CETP, LIPA, LPL, PLCG1, and ZPR1 genes. In this replication study, …             Alcohol consumption, genetic variants in the alcohol- and folate metabolic pathways and colorectal cancer risk: the JPHC Study ▶     Thomas Svensson, Taiki Yamaji, Sanjeev Budhathoki et al.     The association between alcohol intake and colorectal cancer (CRC) may vary secondary to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in two pathways related to alcohol intake. 375 …             High adaptability of the omega loop underlies the substrate-spectrum-extension evolution of a class A β-lactamase, PenL ▶     Hyojeong Yi, Jin Myung Choi, Junghyun Hwang et al.     The omega loop in β-lactamases plays a pivotal role in substrate recognition and catalysis, and some mutations in this loop affect the adaptability of the enzymes to new …             Lactate is a potent inhibitor of the capsaicin receptor TRPV1 ▶     Jeanne de la Roche, Isabella Walther, Waleria Leonow et al.     Tissue ischemia results in an accumulation of lactate and local or systemic lactic acidosis. In nociceptive sensory neurons, lactate was reported to sensitize or activate the …             Sensitive responders among bacterial and fungal microbiome to pyrogenic organic matter (biochar) addition differed greatly between rhizosphere and bulk soils ▶     Zhongmin Dai, Jiajie Hu, Xingkun Xu et al.     Sensitive responses among bacterial and fungal communities to pyrogenic organic matter (PyOM) (biochar) addition in rhizosphere and bulk soils are poorly understood. We conducted …             Lake Ontario salmon (Salmo salar) were not migratory: A long-standing historical debate solved through stable isotope analysis ▶     Eric J. Guiry, Suzanne Needs-Howarth, Kevin D. Friedland et al.     Lake Ontario once supported a large complex of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) populations that became extinct prior to scientific study. Since the 1860s, research efforts to …             Identification and characterization of the peroxin 1 gene MoPEX1 required for infection-related morphogenesis and pathogenicity in Magnaporthe oryzae ▶     Shuzhen Deng, Zhuokan Gu, Nan Yang et al.     Peroxisomes are required for pathogenicity in many phytopathogenic fungi, but the relationships between fungal pathogenicity and peroxisomal function are not fully understood. …             Identification of a New Broadly Cross-reactive Epitope within Domain III of the Duck Tembusu Virus E Protein ▶     Chenxi Li, Xiaofei Bai, Runze Meng et al.     In 2010, a pathogenic flavivirus termed duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) caused widespread outbreak of egg-drop syndrome in domesticated ducks in China. Although the glycoprotein E of …             Recombinant L-asparaginase 1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae: an allosteric enzyme with antineoplastic activity ▶     Iris Munhoz Costa, Leonardo Schultz, Beatriz de Araujo Bianchi Pedra et al.     L-asparaginase (L-ASNase) (EC 3.5.1.1) is an important enzyme for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Currently, the enzyme is obtained from bacteria, Escherichia coli…             The Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Klebsiella pneumoniae from Community Settings in Taiwan, a Trend Analysis ▶     Wu-Pu Lin, Jann-Tay Wang, Shan-Chwen Chang et al.     Drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, especially extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)- and/or AmpC β-lactamase-producing strains, is an emerging problem worldwide. However, few …             Individual differences in explicit and implicit visuomotor learning and working memory capacity ▶     Antonios I. Christou, R. Chris Miall, Fiona McNab et al.     The theoretical basis for the association between high working memory capacity (WMC) and enhanced visuomotor adaptation is unknown. Visuomotor adaptation involves interplay …             Oncometabolite D-2-Hydroxyglurate Directly Induces Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and is Associated with Distant Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer ▶     Hugh Colvin, Naohiro Nishida, Masamitsu Konno et al.     Deranged metabolism is a hallmark of cancer, playing a significant role in driving the disease process. One such example is the induction of carcinogenesis by the oncometabolite …             Conspecific injury raises an alarm in medaka ▶     Ajay S. Mathuru     In the late 1930s, Karl von Frisch reported that semiochemicals released upon injury, act as alarm substances (Schreckstoff) in fish. In Ostariophysi species, club cells in the …             Corrigendum: Monitoring live human mesenchymal stromal cell differentiation and subsequent selection using fluorescent RNA-based probes ▶     Bojun Li, Ursula Menzel, Claudia Loebel et al.                 Corrigendum: Retinal transcriptome sequencing sheds light on the adaptation to nocturnal and diurnal lifestyles in raptors ▶     Yonghua Wu, Elizabeth A. Hadly, Wenjia Teng et al.                 Chromosome-specific sequencing reveals an extensive dispensable genome component in wheat ▶     Miao Liu, Jiri Stiller, Kateřina Holušová et al.     The hexaploid wheat genotype Chinese Spring (CS) has been used worldwide as the reference base for wheat genetics and genomics, and significant resources have been used by the …             Random mutagenesis of the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus using in vitro mariner transposition and natural transformation ▶     Natalia Guschinskaya, Romain Brunel, Maxime Tourte et al.     Transposition mutagenesis is a powerful tool to identify the function of genes, reveal essential genes and generally to unravel the genetic basis of living organisms. However, …             The Mutation of Glu at Amino Acid 3838 of AtMDN1 Provokes Pleiotropic Developmental Phenotypes in Arabidopsis ▶     Peng-Cheng Li, Shao-Wei Yu, Ke Li et al.     MDN1/Rea1, as an AAA-type ATPase, is predicted to be the largest protein involved in pre-ribosome maturation in most organisms. However, its function in plant growth and …             Modeling the development of the post-natal mouse thymus in the absence of bone marrow progenitors ▶     Daniela Zaharie, Radu D. Moleriu, Felix A. Mic     Many mathematical models have been published with the purpose of explaining aspects of T-cell development in the thymus. In this manuscript we adapted a four-compartment model of …             Serological diagnosis of pneumocystosis: production of a synthetic recombinant antigen for immunodetection of Pneumocystis jirovecii ▶     A. L. Tomás, F. Cardoso, F. Esteves et al.     Diagnosis of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PcP) relies on the detection of P. jirovecii in respiratory specimens obtained by invasive techniques. Thus, the development of a serological …             Motion Alters Color Appearance ▶     Sang-Wook Hong, Min-Suk Kang     Chromatic induction compellingly demonstrates that chromatic context as well as spectral lights reflected from an object determines its color appearance. Here, we show that when …             Functional and structural dissection of the tape measure protein of lactococcal phage TP901-1 ▶     Jennifer Mahony, Mona Alqarni, Stephen Stockdale et al.     The tail tape measure protein (TMP) of tailed bacteriophages (also called phages) dictates the tail length and facilitates DNA transit to the cell cytoplasm during infection. …             LRBA is Essential for Allogeneic Responses in Bone Marrow Transplantation ▶     Mi Young Park, Raki Sudan, Neetu Srivastava et al.     The PH-BEACH-WD40 (PBW) protein family members play a role in coordinating receptor signaling and intracellular vesicle trafficking. LPS-Responsive-Beige-like Anchor (LRBA) is a …             Impaired T Cell-dependent Humoral Immune Response Associated with Juvenile-onset Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis Progression ▶     Xunyao Wu, Guoliang Wang, Xi Chen et al.     Whether humoral immunity plays a role in HPV type 6 or 11 virus-mediated Juvenile-onset Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis (JORRP) remains unknown. In the present study, serum …             Auxin flow-mediated competition between axillary buds to restore apical dominance ▶     Jozef Balla, Zuzana Medveďová, Petr Kalousek et al.     Apical dominance is one of the fundamental developmental phenomena in plant biology, which determines the overall architecture of aerial plant parts. Here we show apex …             Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-based eyes-closed brain-computer interface (BCI) using prefrontal cortex activation due to mental arithmetic ▶     Jaeyoung Shin, Klaus-R Müller, Han-Jeong Hwang     We propose a near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-based brain-computer interface (BCI) that can be operated in eyes-closed (EC) state. To evaluate the feasibility of NIRS-based EC …             Bone augmentation after ectopic implantation of a cell-free collagen-hydroxyapatite scaffold in the mouse ▶     Giovanna Calabrese, Raffaella Giuffrida, Stefano Forte et al.     The bone grafting is the classical way to treat large bone defects. Among the available techniques, autologous bone grafting is still the most used but, however, it can cause …             Network motifs modulate druggability of cellular targets ▶     Fan Wu, Cong Ma, Cheemeng Tan     Druggability refers to the capacity of a cellular target to be modulated by a small-molecule drug. To date, druggability is mainly studied by focusing on direct binding …             A structural and functional study on the 2-C-methyl-d-erythritol-4-phosphate cytidyltransferase (IspD) from Bacillus subtilis ▶     Yun Jin, Zhongchuan Liu, Yanjie Li et al.     2-C-Methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate cytidyltransferase (IspD) is an essential enzyme in the mevalonate-independent pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis. This enzyme catalyzes …             Deletion of Lkb1 in adult mice results in body weight reduction and lethality ▶     Tizhong Shan, Yan Xiong, Shihuan Kuang     Liver kinase B1 (Lkb1) plays crucial roles in development, metabolism and survival. As constitutive knockout of Lkb1 in mice leads to embryonic lethality, whether Lkb1 is …             Engineered Nanomedicine with Alendronic Acid Corona Improves Targeting to Osteosarcoma ▶     Tuyen Duong Thanh Nguyen, Arunkumar Pitchaimani, Santosh Aryal     We engineered nanomedicine with the stealth corona made up of densely packed bone seeking ligand, alendronic acid. In a typical nanoconstruct, alendronic acid is conjugated with …             Dense encoding of natural odorants by ensembles of sparsely activated neurons in the olfactory bulb ▶     Olivier Gschwend, Jonathan Beroud, Roberto Vincis et al.     Sensory information undergoes substantial transformation along sensory pathways, usually encompassing sparsening of activity. In the olfactory bulb, though natural odorants evoke …             Can microbes compete with cows for sustainable protein production - A feasibility study on high quality protein ▶     Mike Vestergaard, Siu Hung Joshua Chan, Peter Ruhdal Jensen     An increasing population and their increased demand for high-protein diets will require dramatic changes in the food industry, as limited resources and environmental issues will …             Highly sensitive dual mode electrochemical platform for microRNA detection ▶     Pawan Jolly, Marina R. Batistuti, Anna Miodek et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial regulatory roles in various human diseases including cancer, making them promising biomarkers. However, given the low levels of miRNAs present in …             Thymic exosomes promote the final maturation of thymocytes ▶     Vanja Lundberg, Martin Berglund, Gabriel Skogberg et al.     Extensive knowledge has been gained the last years concerning mechanisms underlying the selection of single positive thymocytes in the thymic medulla. Less is known regarding …             Lycium barbarum polysaccharide attenuates high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis by up-regulating SIRT1 expression and deacetylase activity ▶     Li Jia, Wang Li, Jianning Li et al.     In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective effects and underlying mechanism of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) on high-fat-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver …             Detailed Analysis of Protein Topology of Extracellular Vesicles–Evidence of Unconventional Membrane Protein Orientation ▶     Aleksander Cvjetkovic, Su Chul Jang, Barbora Konečná et al.     Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important mediators of intercellular communication that change the recipient cell by shuttling lipids, RNA, or protein cargo between cells. Here, …             Structural changes induced by acidic pH in human apolipoprotein B-100 ▶     José A. Fernández-Higuero, Asier Benito-Vicente, Aitor Etxebarria et al.     Acidification in the endosome causes lipoprotein release by promoting a conformational change in the LDLR allowing its recycling and degradation of LDL. Notwithstanding …             Visual perception of shape altered by inferred causal history ▶     Patrick Spröte, Filipp Schmidt, Roland W. Fleming     One of the main functions of vision is to represent object shape. Most theories of shape perception focus exclusively on geometrical computations (e.g., curvatures, symmetries, …             Cucurbitacin D exhibits potent anti-cancer activity in cervical cancer ▶     Mohammed Sikander, Bilal Bin Hafeez, Shabnam Malik et al.     In this study, we for the first time, investigated the potential anti-cancer effects of a novel analogue of cucurbitacin (Cucurbitacin D) against cervical cancer in vitro and in …             Genomic and transcriptomic profiling of resistant CEM/ADR-5000 and sensitive CCRF-CEM leukaemia cells for unravelling the full complexity of multi-factorial multidrug resistance ▶     Onat Kadioglu, Jingming Cao, Nadezda Kosyakova et al.     We systematically characterised multifactorial multidrug resistance (MDR) in CEM/ADR5000 cells, a doxorubicin-resistant sub-line derived from drug-sensitive, parental CCRF-CEM …             Biological function of a polysaccharide degrading enzyme in the periplasm ▶     Yajie Wang, M. Fata Moradali, Ali Goudarztalejerdi et al.     Carbohydrate polymers are industrially and medically important. For instance, a polysaccharide, alginate (from seaweed), is widely used in food, textile and pharmaceutical …             High-throughput immuno-profiling of mamba (Dendroaspis) venom toxin epitopes using high-density peptide microarrays ▶     Mikael Engmark, Mikael R. Andersen, Andreas H. Laustsen et al.     Snakebite envenoming is a serious condition requiring medical attention and administration of antivenom. Current antivenoms are antibody preparations obtained from the plasma of …             Genomic continuity of Argentinean Mennonites ▶     Jacobo Pardo-Seco, Cintia Llull, Gabriela Berardi et al.     Mennonites are Anabaptist communities that originated in Central Europe about 500 years ago. They initially migrated to different European countries, and in the early 18th …             Identity of major sulfur-cycle prokaryotes in freshwater lake ecosystems revealed by a comprehensive phylogenetic study of the dissimilatory adenylylsulfate reductase ▶     Tomohiro Watanabe, Hisaya Kojima, Manabu Fukui     Adenylylsulfate reductase is a heterodimeric complex of two subunits, AprB and AprA, and is a key enzyme in dissimilatory sulfate reduction and sulfur oxidation. Common use of …             Phenotypic differentiation of Streptococcus pyogenes populations is induced by recombination-driven gene-specific sweeps ▶     Yun-Juan Bao, B. Jesse Shapiro, Shaun W. Lee et al.     Genomic recombination plays an important role in driving adaptive evolution and population differentiation in bacteria. However, controversy exists as to the effects of …             Sulforaphane improves chemotherapy efficacy by targeting cancer stem cell-like properties via the miR-124/IL-6R/STAT3 axis ▶     Xingxing Wang, Yuan Li, Yi Dai et al.     Gastric carcinoma (GC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The efficacy of standard chemotherapy for GC, such as cisplatin (CDDP), is …             DDR1 promotes E-cadherin stability via inhibition of integrin-β1-Src activation-mediated E-cadherin endocytosis ▶     Hong-Ru Chen, Yi-Chun Yeh, Ching-Yi Liu et al.     Discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1), a receptor tyrosine kinase of collagen, is primarily expressed in epithelial cells. Activation of DDR1 stabilises E-cadherin located on the …             PGAdb-builder: A web service tool for creating pan-genome allele database for molecular fine typing ▶     Yen-Yi Liu, Chien-Shun Chiou, Chih-Chieh Chen     With the advance of next generation sequencing techniques, whole genome sequencing (WGS) is expected to become the optimal method for molecular subtyping of bacterial isolates. …             Corrigendum: Safety and anti-hyperglycemic efficacy of various tea types in mice ▶     Manman Han, Guangshan Zhao, Yijun Wang et al.                 Transcriptional changes during ovule development in two genotypes of litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) with contrast in seed size ▶     Ashish K. Pathak, Sudhir P. Singh, Yogesh Gupta et al.     Litchi chinensis is a subtropical fruit crop, popular for its nutritional value and taste. Fruits with small seed size and thick aril are desirable in litchi. To gain molecular …             Identification of novel MYO18A interaction partners required for myoblast adhesion and muscle integrity ▶     Jian-Meng Cao, Xiao-Ning Cheng, Shang-Qi Li et al.     The unconventional myosin MYO18A that contains a PDZ domain is required for muscle integrity during zebrafish development. However, the mechanism by which it functions in …             Single Cell Clones Purified from Human Parotid Glands Display Features of Multipotent Epitheliomesenchymal Stem Cells ▶     TacGhee Yi, Songyi Lee, Nahyun Choi et al.     A better understanding of the biology of tissue-resident stem cell populations is essential to development of therapeutic strategies for regeneration of damaged tissue. Here, we …             RNA-seq analyses of the midgut from blood- and serum-fed Ixodes ricinus ticks ▶     Jan Perner, Jan Provazník, Jana Schrenková et al.     Adult females of the genus Ixodes imbibe blood meals exceeding about 100 times their own weight within 7‒9 days. During this period, ticks internalise components of host blood by …             Optogenetic activation of serotonergic terminals facilitates GABAergic inhibitory input to orexin/hypocretin neurons ▶     Srikanta Chowdhury, Akihiro Yamanaka     Orexin/hypocretin neurons play a crucial role in the regulation of sleep/wakefulness, primarily in the maintenance of wakefulness. These neurons innervate wide areas of the brain …             Trafficking of the exported P. falciparum chaperone PfHsp70x ▶     Manuel Rhiel, Verena Bittl, Anke Tribensky et al.     Plasmodium falciparum extensively modifies its chosen host cell, the mature human erythrocyte. This remodelling is carried out by parasite-encoded proteins that are exported into …             Real time monitoring of membrane GPCR reconstitution by plasmon waveguide resonance: on the role of lipids ▶     Pierre Calmet, Monica De Maria, Etienne Harté et al.     G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are important therapeutic targets since more than 40% of the drugs on the market exert their action through these proteins. To decipher the …             Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of hybrids of β-carboline and salicylic acid as potential anticancer and apoptosis inducing agents ▶     Qi-Bing Xu, Xiang-Fan Chen, Jiao Feng et al.     A novel series of hybrids (7a-l, 8a-l) from β-carboline and salicylic acid (SA) were designed and synthesized, and their in vitro biological activities were evaluated. Most of …             The role of P2X7 receptors in a rodent PCP-induced schizophrenia model ▶     Bence Koványi, Cecilia Csölle, Stefano Calovi et al.     P2X7 receptors (P2X7Rs) are ligand-gated ion channels sensitive to extracellular ATP. Here we examined for the first time the role of P2X7R in an animal model of schizophrenia. Us…             Transcriptome analysis uncovers key regulatory and metabolic aspects of soybean embryonic axes during germination ▶     Daniel Bellieny-Rabelo, Eduardo Alves Gamosa de Oliveira, Elane da Silva Ribeiro et al.     Soybean (Glycine max) is a major legume crop worldwide, providing a critical source of protein and oil. The release of the soybean genome fuelled several transcriptome projects …             The nucleolar protein GLTSCR2 is required for efficient viral replication ▶     Peng Wang, Wen Meng, Shi-Chong Han et al.     Glioma tumor suppressor candidate region gene 2 protein (GLTSCR2) is a nucleolar protein. In the investigation of the role of GLTSCR2 that played in the cellular innate immune …             Coevolution of Cooperation and Partner Rewiring Range in Spatial Social Networks ▶     Tommy Khoo, Feng Fu, Scott Pauls     In recent years, there has been growing interest in the study of coevolutionary games on networks. Despite much progress, little attention has been paid to spatially embedded …             Systematic Analysis of Drug Targets Confirms Expression in Disease-Relevant Tissues ▶     Vinod Kumar, Philippe Sanseau, Daniel F. Simola et al.     It is commonly assumed that drug targets are expressed in tissues relevant to their indicated diseases, even under normal conditions. While multiple anecdotal cases support this …             B7-H1 antibodies lose antitumor activity due to activation of p38 MAPK that leads to apoptosis of tumor-reactive CD8+ T cells ▶     Xin Liu, Xiaosheng Wu, Siyu Cao et al.     B7-H1 (aka PD-L1) blocking antibodies have been used in treatment of human cancers through blocking B7-H1 expressed by tumor cells; however, their impact on B7-H1 expressing …             MenaINV dysregulates cortactin phosphorylation to promote invadopodium maturation ▶     Maxwell D. Weidmann, Chinmay R. Surve, Robert J. Eddy et al.     Invadopodia, actin-based protrusions of invasive carcinoma cells that focally activate extracellular matrix-degrading proteases, are essential for the migration and intravasation …             A Comprehensive Characterization of the Function of LincRNAs in Transcriptional Regulation Through Long-Range Chromatin Interactions ▶     Liuyang Cai, Huidan Chang, Yaping Fang et al.     LincRNAs are emerging as important regulators with various cellular functions. However, the mechanisms behind their role in transcriptional regulation have not yet been fully …             Bacterial community structure and function shift along a successional series of tidal flats in the Yellow River Delta ▶     Xiaofei Lv, Bin Ma, Junbao Yu et al.     Coastal ecosystems play significant ecological and economic roles but are threatened and facing decline. Microbes drive various biogeochemical processes in coastal ecosystems. …             Enterogenous bacterial glycolipids are required for the generation of natural killer T cells mediated liver injury ▶     Yingfeng Wei, Benhua Zeng, Jianing Chen et al.     Glycolipids are potent activator of natural killer T (NKT) cells. The relationship between NKT cells and intestinal bacterial glycolipids in liver disorders remained unclear. We …             MEG3, HCN3 and linc01105 influence the proliferation and apoptosis of neuroblastoma cells via the HIF-1α and p53 pathways ▶     Weitao Tang, Kuiran Dong, Kai Li et al.     The purpose of this study was to investigate the differential expression and functional roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in neuroblastoma tissue. LncRNA microarrays were …             BAC-pool sequencing and analysis confirms growth-associated QTLs in the Asian seabass genome ▶     Xueyan Shen, Si Yan Ngoh, Natascha May Thevasagayam et al.     The Asian seabass is an important marine food fish that has been cultured for several decades in Asia Pacific. However, the lack of a high quality reference genome has hampered …             Chondrogenic Potential of Peripheral Blood Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Seeded on Demineralized Cancellous Bone Scaffolds ▶     Shao-Jie Wang, Dong Jiang, Zheng-Zheng Zhang et al.     As a cell source with large quantity and easy access, peripheral blood mesenchymal stem cells (PBMSCs) were isolated and seeded in porcine demineralized cancellous bone (DCB) …             Depression-like phenotype by deletion of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor: Role of BDNF-TrkB in nucleus accumbens ▶     Ji-chun Zhang, Wei Yao, Qian Ren et al.     The α7 subtype of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) plays a role in the inflammation which is implicated in depression. This study was undertaken to examine the role of α7 …             Fibroblast miR-210 overexpression is independently associated with clinical failure in Prostate Cancer – a multicenter (in situ hybridization) study ▶     Sigve Andersen, Elin Richardsen, Line Moi et al.     There is a need for better prognostication in prostate cancer (PC). “The micromanager of hypoxia”, microRNA-210 (miR-210) is directly linked to hypoxia, is overexpressed in PC …             Nitidine chloride prevents OVX-induced bone loss via suppressing NFATc1-mediated osteoclast differentiation ▶     Qian Liu, Tao Wang, Lin Zhou et al.     Nitidine chloride (NC), a bioactive alkaloid isolated from Zanthoxylum nitidum, has been used as a herbal ingredient in toothpaste that prevents cavities for decades. It also …             Kukoamine A inhibits human glioblastoma cell growth and migration through apoptosis induction and epithelial-mesenchymal transition attenuation ▶     Qiaoping Wang, Haiyan Li, Zhen Sun et al.     Cortex lycii radicis is the dried root bark of Lycium chinense, a traditional Chinese herb used in multiple ailments. The crude extract of Cortex lycii radicis has growth …             Photoswitchable non-fluorescent thermochromic dye-nanoparticle hybrid probes ▶     Walter N. Harrington, Mwafaq R. Haji, Ekaterina I. Galanzha et al.     Photoswitchable fluorescent proteins with controllable light–dark states and spectral shifts in emission in response to light have led to breakthroughs in the study of cell …             Intake of 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone During Juvenile and Adolescent Stages Prevents Onset of Psychosis in Adult Offspring After Maternal Immune Activation ▶     Mei Han, Ji-chun Zhang, Wei Yao et al.     Prenatal infection and subsequent abnormal neurodevelopment of offspring is involved in the etiology of schizophrenia. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its high …             Identification of Novel HLA-A*0201-Restricted CTL Epitopes in Chinese Vitiligo Patients ▶     Tingting Cui, Xiuli Yi, Sen Guo et al.     Generalized vitiligo is an autoimmune disease characterized by melanocyte loss, which results in patchy depigmentation of skin and hair. Recent studies suggested the key role of …             Identification of suitable reference gene and biomarkers of serum miRNAs for osteoporosis ▶     Jian Chen, Kai Li, Qianqian Pang et al.     Our objective was to identify suitable reference genes in serum miRNA for normalization and screen potential new biomarkers for osteoporosis diagnosis by a systematic study. Two …             β-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) is not found in the brains of patients with confirmed Alzheimer’s disease ▶     Julie P. Meneely, Olivier P. Chevallier, Stewart Graham et al.     Controversy surrounds the proposed hypothesis that exposure to β-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) could play a role in various neurodegenerative conditions including Alzheimer’s …             Involvement of eIF6 in external mechanical stretch–mediated murine dermal fibroblast function via TGF-β1 pathway ▶     Qin Shu, Jianglin Tan, Van Daele Ulrike et al.     External mechanical loading on a wound commonly increases fibrosis. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) has been implicated in fibrosis in various models, including the …             Gene-gene Interaction Analyses for Atrial Fibrillation ▶     Honghuang Lin, Martina Mueller-Nurasyid, Albert V. Smith et al.     Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a heritable disease that affects more than thirty million individuals worldwide. Extensive efforts have been devoted to the study of genetic …             Lipoxin A4 Counter-regulates Histamine-stimulated Glycoconjugate Secretion in Conjunctival Goblet Cells ▶     Robin R. Hodges, Dayu Li, Marie A. Shatos et al.     Conjunctival goblet cells synthesize and secrete mucins which play an important role in protecting the ocular surface. Pro-resolution mediators, such as lipoxin A4 (LXA4), are …             Trehalose prevents aggregation of exosomes and cryodamage ▶     Steffi Bosch, Laurence de Beaurepaire, Marie Allard et al.     Exosomes are important mediators in intercellular communication. Released by many cell types, they transport proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids to distant recipient cells and …             Boreal earliest Triassic biotas elucidate globally depauperate hard substrate communities after the end-Permian mass extinction ▶     Michał Zatoń, Grzegorz Niedźwiedzki, Henning Blom et al.     The end-Permian mass extinction constituted the most devastating biotic crisis of the Phanerozoic. Its aftermath was characterized by harsh marine conditions incorporating …             27 years of benthic and coral community dynamics on turbid, highly urbanised reefs off Singapore ▶     J. R. Guest, K. Tun, J. Low et al.     Coral cover on reefs is declining globally due to coastal development, overfishing and climate change. Reefs isolated from direct human influence can recover from natural acute …             Degeneration and energy shortage in the suprachiasmatic nucleus underlies the circadian rhythm disturbance in ApoE−/− mice: implications for Alzheimer’s disease ▶     Lan Zhou, Qian Gao, Meng Nie et al.     Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients suffer sleep disorders and circadian rhythm disturbances (CRDs). The underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood, and treatments are …             Future climate impacts on maize farming and food security in Malawi ▶     Tilele Stevens, Kaveh Madani     Agriculture is the mainstay of Malawi’s economy and maize is the most important crop for food security. As a Least Developed Country (LDC), adverse effects of climate change (CC) …             Sequence basis of Barnacle Cement Nanostructure is Defined by Proteins with Silk Homology ▶     Christopher R. So, Kenan P. Fears, Dagmar H. Leary et al.     Barnacles adhere by producing a mixture of cement proteins (CPs) that organize into a permanently bonded layer displayed as nanoscale fibers. These cement proteins share no …             Superparamagnetic Fe3O4-PEG2K-FA@Ce6 Nanoprobes for in Vivo Dual-mode Imaging and Targeted Photodynamic Therapy ▶     Ting Yin, Peng Huang, Guo Gao et al.     The development of targeted nanoprobes is a promising approach to cancer diagnostics and therapy. In the present work, a novel multifunctional photo/magnet-diagnostic nanoprobe …             A Comparative Metabolomics Approach Reveals Early Biomarkers for Metabolic Response to Acute Myocardial Infarction ▶     Sara E. Ali, Mohamed A. Farag, Paul Holvoet et al.     Discovery of novel biomarkers is critical for early diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Serum metabolite profiling of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), unstable …             Peripheral and spinal 5-HT receptors participate in cholestatic itch and antinociception induced by bile duct ligation in rats ▶     Bin Tian, Xue-Long Wang, Ya Huang et al.     Although 5-HT has been implicated in cholestatic itch and antinociception, two common phenomena in patients with cholestatic disease, the roles of 5-HT receptor subtypes are …             Establishing Antibacterial Multilayer Films on the Surface of Direct Metal Laser Sintered Titanium Primed with Phase-Transited Lysozyme ▶     Binbin Guan, Haorong Wang, Ruiqing Xu et al.     Direct metal laser sintering is a technology that allows the fabrication of titanium (Ti) implants with a functional gradation of porosity and surface roughness according to …               • Careers & Jobs         naturejobs.com Science jobs of the week       Senior Scientific Officer (MCRC) – Clinical & Experimental Pharmacology     CRUK Manchester Institute             Postdoctoral Research Fellow     Genome Damage and Stability Centre, University of Sussex, UK            Research Associate Environmental Chemistry Modeller     NERC Centre for Ecology and Hydrology            Research Associate / Senior Research Associate     University of Bristol            Postdoctoral Position     University of Pittsburgh            Research Associate - Microfluidics for Single-Cell Sequencing     Heriot-Watt University            Imaging Data Curator     Harvard Medical School            PhD Student (F / M)     German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)            Research Associate     University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus            Exciting PhD Positions in Modern Biology     VBC PhD Programme          No matter what your career stage, student, postdoc or senior scientist, you will find articles on naturejobs.com to help guide you in your science career. 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