Scientific Reports Biology Table of Contents e-alert: 30 August 2016

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30 August 2016      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports         Biological Sciences               Blood B Lymphocyte Stimulator (BLyS)/BAFF levels may reflect natural immunity to HIV in highly exposed uninfected Beninese Commercial Sex Workers ▶     Catherine Sabourin-Poirier, Lyvia Fourcade, Josiane Chagnon-Choquet et al.     We have previously shown that excess B lymphocyte Stimulator (BLyS)/BAFF in plasma and on surface of blood dendritic cells (DC) of HIV-infected progressors coincides with B-cell …             Classification of the treble clef zinc finger: noteworthy lessons for structure and function evolution ▶     Gurmeet Kaur, Srikrishna Subramanian     Treble clef (TC) zinc fingers constitute a large fold-group of structural zinc-binding protein domains that mediate numerous cellular functions. We have analysed the sequence, …             Thromboxane A2 exacerbates acute lung injury via promoting edema formation ▶     Koji Kobayashi, Daiki Horikami, Keisuke Omori et al.     Thromboxane A2 (TXA2) is produced in the lungs of patients suffering from acute lung injury (ALI). We assessed its contribution in disease progression using three different ALI …             Functional brain networks related to individual differences in human intelligence at rest ▶     Luke J. Hearne, Jason B. Mattingley, Luca Cocchi     Intelligence is a fundamental ability that sets humans apart from other animal species. Despite its importance in defining human behaviour, the neural networks responsible for …             AMPK-independent inhibition of human macrophage ER stress response by AICAR ▶     Marcel Boß, Yvette Newbatt, Sahil Gupta et al.     Obesity-associated insulin resistance is driven by inflammatory processes in response to metabolic overload. Obesity-associated inflammation can be recapitulated in cell culture …             Multiplex gene editing via CRISPR/Cas9 exhibits desirable muscle hypertrophy without detectable off-target effects in sheep ▶     Xiaolong Wang, Yiyuan Niu, Jiankui Zhou et al.     The CRISPR/Cas9 system provides a flexible approach for genome engineering of genetic loci. Here, we successfully achieved precise gene targeting in sheep by co-injecting …             Accurate Morphology Preserving Segmentation of Overlapping Cells based on Active Contours ▶     Csaba Molnar, Ian H. Jermyn, Zoltan Kato et al.     The identification of fluorescently stained cell nuclei is the basis of cell detection, segmentation, and feature extraction in high content microscopy experiments. The nuclear …             AIM 2 inflammasomes regulate neuronal morphology and influence anxiety and memory in mice ▶     Pei-Jung Wu, Hsin-Yu Liu, Tzyy-Nan Huang et al.     Inflammasomes are the protein assemblies that consist of inflammasome sensors, adaptor apoptosis-associated speck-like proteins containing a CARD (ASC) and inflammasome caspase. …             Neuroprotective levels of IGF-1 exacerbate epileptogenesis after brain injury ▶     Yu Song, Corrin Pimentel, Katherine Walters et al.     Exogenous Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) is neuroprotective in animal models of brain injury, and has been considered as a potential therapeutic. Akt-mTOR and MAPK are …             Quantitative analysis of diet structure by real-time PCR, reveals different feeding patterns by two dominant grasshopper species ▶     Xunbing Huang, Huihui Wu, Mark Richard McNeill et al.     Studies on grasshopper diets have historically employed a range of methodologies, each with certain advantages and disadvantages. For example, some methodologies are qualitative …             FFPred 3: feature-based function prediction for all Gene Ontology domains ▶     Domenico Cozzetto, Federico Minneci, Hannah Currant et al.     Predicting protein function has been a major goal of bioinformatics for several decades, and it has gained fresh momentum thanks to recent community-wide blind tests aimed at …             Novel synthesized 2, 4-DAPG analogues: antifungal activity, mechanism and toxicology ▶     Liang Gong, Haibo Tan, Feng Chen et al.     2, 4-Diacetylphloroglucinol (2,4-DAPG), a natural phenolic compound, has been investigated in light of its biological activities against plant pathogens. To improve its potential …             Scenedesmus dimorphus biofilm: Photoefficiency and biomass production under intermittent lighting ▶     Andrea Efrem Toninelli, Junfeng Wang, Mingshen Liu et al.     This study investigated the effect of intermittent lighting on the growth performances of a Scenedesmus dimorphus biofilm. Flashing light effect (FLE) is common in traditional …             Complete De Novo Assembly of Monoclonal Antibody Sequences ▶     Ngoc Hieu Tran, M. Ziaur Rahman, Lin He et al.     De novo protein sequencing is one of the key problems in mass spectrometry-based proteomics, especially for novel proteins such as monoclonal antibodies for which genome …             Gene–culture interaction and the evolution of the human sense of fairness ▶     Tru-Gin Liu, Yao Lu     How Darwinian evolution would produce creatures with the proclivity of Darwinian generosity, most of them voluntarily giving up the immediate benefit for themselves or their …             Expression of segment polarity genes in brachiopods supports a non-segmental ancestral role of engrailed for bilaterians ▶     Bruno C. Vellutini, Andreas Hejnol     The diverse and complex developmental mechanisms of segmentation have been more thoroughly studied in arthropods, vertebrates and annelids—distantly related animals considered to …             Corrigendum: CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Immunity to Geminiviruses: Differential Interference and Evasion ▶     Zahir Ali, Shakila Ali, Manal Tashkandi et al.                 Computational analysis of translational readthrough proteins in Drosophila and yeast reveals parallels to alternative splicing ▶     Rita Pancsa, Mauricio Macossay-Castillo, Simone Kosol et al.     In translational readthrough (TR) the ribosome continues extending the nascent protein beyond the first in-frame termination codon. Due to the lack of dedicated analyses of …             Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Buffalo Oocytes Matured in vitro Using iTRAQ Technique ▶     Lingsheng Chen, Linhui Zhai, Chunfeng Qu et al.     To investigate the protein profiling of buffalo oocytes at the germinal vesicle (GV) stage and metaphase II (MII) stage, an iTRAQ-based strategy was applied. A total of 3,763 …             Electric pulses: a flexible tool to manipulate cytosolic calcium concentrations and generate spontaneous-like calcium oscillations in mesenchymal stem cells ▶     Marie-Amelie de Menorval, Franck M. Andre, Aude Silve et al.     Human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (haMSCs) are multipotent adult stem cells of great interest in regenerative medicine or oncology. They present spontaneous calcium …             Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) regulates trophoblast folate uptake by modulating the cell surface expression of FR-α and the RFC ▶     Fredrick J. Rosario, Theresa L. Powell, Thomas Jansson     Folate deficiency in fetal life is strongly associated with structural malformations and linked to intrauterine growth restriction. In addition, limited availability of methyl …             Genome-wide landscape of DNA methylomes and their relationship with mRNA and miRNA transcriptomes in oxidative and glycolytic skeletal muscles ▶     Linyuan Shen, Jingjing Du, Yudong Xia et al.     The physiological, biochemical and functional differences between oxidative and glycolytic muscles play important roles in human metabolic health and in animal meat quality. To …             Dihydrotestosterone synthesis pathways from inactive androgen 5α-androstane-3β,17β-diol in prostate cancer cells: Inhibition of intratumoural 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities by abiraterone ▶     Takashi Ando, Tsutomu Nishiyama, Itsuhiro Takizawa et al.     Intratumoural dihydrotestosterone (DHT) synthesis could be an explanation for castration resistance in prostate cancer (PC). By using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, we …             The functional and predictive roles of miR-210 in cryptorchidism ▶     Zhengzheng Duan, Helong Huang, Fei Sun     Idiopathic diseases of the reproductive system are important factors leading to male infertility. Many studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the expression of …             Corrigendum: Characterization of anti-leukemia components from Indigo naturalis using comprehensive two-dimensional K562/cell membrane chromatography and in silico target identification ▶     Xunxun Wu, Xiaofei Chen, Dan Jia et al.                 A RNA nanotechnology platform for a simultaneous two-in-one siRNA delivery and its application in synergistic RNAi therapy ▶     Mihue Jang, Hee Dong Han, Hyung Jun Ahn     Incorporating multiple copies of two RNAi molecules into a single nanostructure in a precisely controlled manner can provide an efficient delivery tool to regulate multiple gene …             A novel SoxB2 gene is required for maturation of sperm nucleus during spermiogenesis in the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis ▶     Zhi-Qiang Liu, Xue-Hui Jiang, Hai-Yan Qi et al.     SRY-related HMG box (Sox) genes are characterized by the presence of a DNA-binding HMG domain and involved in a diverse range of developmental processes. In this study, we …             Remodelling of the hepatic epigenetic landscape of glucose-intolerant rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) by nutritional status and dietary carbohydrates ▶     Lucie Marandel, Olivier Lepais, Eva Arbenoits et al.     The rainbow trout, a carnivorous fish, displays a ‘glucose-intolerant’ phenotype revealed by persistent hyperglycaemia when fed a high carbohydrate diet (HighCHO). Epigenetics …             Eye fixation during multiple object attention is based on a representation of discrete spatial foci ▶     Meg Fluharty, Ines Jentzsch, Manuel Spitschan et al.     We often look at and attend to several objects at once. How the brain determines where to point our eyes when we do this is poorly understood. Here we devised a novel paradigm to …             Hierarchical effects on target detection and conflict monitoring ▶     Bihua Cao, Feng Gao, Maofang Ren et al.     Previous neuroimaging studies have demonstrated a hierarchical functional structure of the frontal cortices of the human brain, but the temporal course and the …             Genome-wide characterization of microsatellites in Triticeae species: abundance, distribution and evolution ▶     Pingchuan Deng, Meng Wang, Kewei Feng et al.     Microsatellites are an important constituent of plant genome and distributed across entire genome. In this study, genome-wide analysis of microsatellites in 8 Triticeae species …             Gene transduction in mammalian cells using Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus assisted by glycoprotein 64 of Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus ▶     Tatsuya Kato, Saki Sugioka, Kohei Itagaki et al.     Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV), an alphabaculovirus, has been widely utilized for protein expression in not only insect cells but also mammalian …             Metadynamic metainference: Enhanced sampling of the metainference ensemble using metadynamics ▶     Massimiliano Bonomi, Carlo Camilloni, Michele Vendruscolo     Accurate and precise structural ensembles of proteins and macromolecular complexes can be obtained with metainference, a recently proposed Bayesian inference method that …             Pubertal Expression of α4βδ GABAA Receptors Reduces Seizure-Like Discharges in CA1 Hippocampus ▶     Lie Yang, Hui Shen, Lisa R. Merlin et al.     More than half of children with epilepsy outgrow their seizures, yet the underlying mechanism is unknown. GABAergic inhibition increases at puberty in female mice due to …             Proteomic comparison reveals the contribution of chloroplast to salt tolerance of a wheat introgression line ▶     Wenjing Xu, Hongjun Lv, Mingming Zhao et al.     We previously bred a salt tolerant wheat cv. SR3 with bread wheat cv. JN177 as the parent via asymmetric somatic hybridization, and found that the tolerance is partially …             A novel mass spectrometric strategy “BEMAP” reveals Extensive O-linked protein glycosylation in Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli ▶     Anders Boysen, Giuseppe Palmisano, Thøger Jensen Krogh et al.     The attachment of sugars to proteins via side-chain oxygen atoms (O-linked glycosylation) is seen in all three domains of life. However, a lack of widely-applicable analytical …             Deep sexual dimorphism in adult medaka fish liver highlighted by multi-omic approach ▶     Qin Qiao, Séverine Le Manach, Benoit Sotton et al.     Sexual dimorphism describes the features that discriminate between the two sexes at various biological levels. Especially, during the reproductive phase, the liver is one of the …             A virus-like particle-based connective tissue growth factor vaccine suppresses carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic fibrosis in mice ▶     Shuang Li, Yi-Fei Lv, Hou-Qiang Su et al.     Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) has been recognized as a central mediator and promising therapeutic target in hepatic fibrosis. In this study, we generated a novel …             Skeletal muscle ATP synthesis and cellular H+ handling measured by localized 31P-MRS during exercise and recovery ▶     Georg B. Fiedler, Albrecht I. Schmid, Sigrun Goluch et al.     31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is widely used for non-invasive investigation of muscle metabolism dynamics. This study aims to extend knowledge on parameters derived …             FSTL1 as a Potential Mediator of Exercise-Induced Cardioprotection in Post-Myocardial Infarction Rats ▶     Yue Xi, Da-Wei Gong, Zhenjun Tian     Exercise training has been reported to ameliorate heart dysfunction in both humans and animals after myocardial infarction (MI), but the underlying mechanisms are poorly …             Functional evaluation of rat hearts transplanted after preservation in a high-pressure gaseous mixture of carbon monoxide and oxygen ▶     Naoyuki Hatayama, Masayuki Inubushi, Munekazu Naito et al.     We recently succeeded in resuscitating an extracted rat heart following 24–48 hours of preservation in a high-pressure gaseous mixture of carbon monoxide (CO) and oxygen (O2). …             Association of SCARB1 Gene Polymorphisms with Virological Response in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients Receiving Pegylated Interferon plus Ribavirin Therapy ▶     Ching-Sheng Hsu, Shih-Jer Hsu, Wei-Liang Liu et al.     The scavenger receptor type B class I(SR-BI) is a receptor for high-density lipoproteins(HDL) and one of entry factors for hepatitis C virus(HCV). We examined the association of …             Neonatal treatment with scopolamine butylbromide prevents metabolic dysfunction in male rats ▶     Ananda Malta, Aline Amenencia de Souza, Tatiane Aparecida Ribeiro et al.     We tested whether treatment with a cholinergic antagonist could reduce insulin levels in early postnatal life and attenuate metabolic dysfunctions induced by early overfeeding in …             Site-specific Isopeptide Bridge Tethering of Chimeric gp41 N-terminal Heptad Repeat Helical Trimers for the Treatment of HIV-1 Infection ▶     Chao Wang, Xue Li, Fei Yu et al.     Peptides derived from the N-terminal heptad repeat (NHR) of HIV-1 gp41 can be potent inhibitors against viral entry when presented in a nonaggregating trimeric coiled-coil …             The drosomycin multigene family: three-disulfide variants from Drosophila takahashii possess antibacterial activity ▶     Bin Gao, Shunyi Zhu     Drosomycin (DRS) is a strictly antifungal peptide in Drosophila melanogaster, which contains four disulfide bridges (DBs) with three buried in molecular interior and one exposed …             Automated Ki-67 Quantification of Immunohistochemical Staining Image of Human Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Xenografts ▶     Peng Shi, Jing Zhong, Jinsheng Hong et al.     Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is one of the malignant neoplasm with high incidence in China and south-east Asia. Ki-67 protein is strictly associated with cell proliferation and …             Cell non-autonomous regulation of hepatic IGF-1 and neonatal growth by Kinase Suppressor of Ras 2 (KSR2) ▶     Lili Guo, Diane L. Costanzo-Garvey, Deandra R. Smith et al.     Individuals with poor postnatal growth are at risk for cardiovascular and metabolic problems as adults. Here we show that disruption of the molecular scaffold Kinase Suppressor …             New insights into negative effects of lithium on sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus embryos ▶     Nadia Ruocco, Maria Costantini, Luigia Santella     The diffuse use of lithium in a number of industrial processes has produced a significant contamination of groundwater and surface water with it. The increased use of lithium has …             Effects of IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 on erythrocytes, platelets and clot viscoelasticity ▶     Janette Bester, Etheresia Pretorius     Complex interactions exist between cytokines, and the interleukin family plays a fundamental role in inflammation. Particularly circulating IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 are unregulated …             Variations in Multiple Syndromic Deafness Genes Mimic Non-syndromic Hearing Loss ▶     G. Bademci, F. B. Cengiz, J. Foster II et al.     The genetics of both syndromic (SHL) and non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL) is characterized by a high degree of genetic heterogeneity. We analyzed whole exome sequencing data of …             BubR1 Insufficiency Impairs Liver Regeneration in Aged Mice after Hepatectomy through Intercalated Disc Abnormality ▶     Ayae Ikawa-Yoshida, Takuya Matsumoto, Shinji Okano et al.     A delay in liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy (PHx) leads to acute liver injury, and such delays are frequently observed in aged patients. BubR1 (budding uninhibited by …             The Cytomegalovirus protein pUL37×1 targets mitochondria to mediate neuroprotection ▶     Chien Tai Hong, Kai-Yin Chau, Anthony H. V. Schapira     There is substantial evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease (PD). This contribution probably encompasses …             A novel method to predict visual field progression more accurately, using intraocular pressure measurements in glaucoma patients ▶     $author.fullName, Ryo Asaoka, Yuri Fujino et al.     Visual field (VF) data were retrospectively obtained from 491 eyes in 317 patients with open angle glaucoma who had undergone ten VF tests (Humphrey Field Analyzer, 24-2, SITA …             The small noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs) of murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV-68) are involved in regulating the latent-to-lytic switch in vivo ▶     Beatrix Steer, Martin Strehle, Christine Sattler et al.     The human gammaherpesviruses Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), which are associated with a variety of diseases including tumors, …             Magneto-elasto-electroporation (MEEP): In-vitro visualization and numerical characteristics ▶     Soutik Betal, Binita Shrestha, Moumita Dutta et al.     A magnetically controlled elastically driven electroporation phenomenon, or magneto-elasto-electroporation (MEEP), is discovered while studying the interactions between …             Discovery of a Carbazole-Derived Lead Drug for Human African Trypanosomiasis ▶     Sarah M. Thomas, Andrei Purmal, Michael Pollastri et al.     The protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei causes the fatal illness human African trypanosomiasis (HAT). Standard of care medications currently used to treat HAT have severe …             Activation of Nrf2 by the dengue virus causes an increase in CLEC5A, which enhances TNF-α production by mononuclear phagocytes ▶     Yi-Lin Cheng, Yee-Shin Lin, Chia-Ling Chen et al.     Infection by the dengue virus (DENV) threatens global public health due to its high prevalence and the lack of effective treatments. Host factors may contribute to the …             Butyrate and bioactive proteolytic form of Wnt-5a regulate colonic epithelial proliferation and spatial development ▶     Kazuhiko Uchiyama, Toshio Sakiyama, Takumu Hasebe et al.     Proliferation and spatial development of colonic epithelial cells are highly regulated along the crypt vertical axis, which, when perturbed, can result in aberrant growth and …             Sub-lethal effects of dietary neonicotinoid insecticide exposure on honey bee queen fecundity and colony development ▶     Judy Wu-Smart, Marla Spivak     Many factors can negatively affect honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) health including the pervasive use of systemic neonicotinoid insecticides. Through direct consumption of …             Corrigendum: Screening of an anti-inflammatory peptide from Hydrophis cyanocinctus and analysis of its activities and mechanism in DSS-induced acute colitis ▶     Zengjie Zheng, Hailong Jiang, Yan Huang et al.                 Corrigendum: Redox potential driven aeration during very-high-gravity ethanol fermentation by using flocculating yeast ▶     Chen-Guang Liu, Xue-Mi Hao, Yen-Han Lin et al.                 Association between mannose-binding lectin variants, haplotypes and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: A case-control study ▶     Chenghao Su, Yong Lin, Lin Cai et al.     The innate immunity gene mannose-binding lectin2 (MBL2) has played an important role in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, and the relationship between MBL2 variants and …             Biofilm may not be Necessary for the Epidemic Spread of Acinetobacter baumannii ▶     Yuan Hu, Lihua He, Xiaoxia Tao et al.     Biofilm is recognized as a contributing factor to the capacity of Acinetobacter baumannii to persist and prosper in medical settings, but it is still unknown whether biofilms …             HMGB1, a pathogenic molecule that induces neurite degeneration via TLR4-MARCKS, is a potential therapeutic target for Alzheimer’s disease ▶     Kyota Fujita, Kazumi Motoki, Kazuhiko Tagawa et al.     Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, but it remains an intractable condition. Its pathogenesis is predominantly attributed to the aggregation …             Effects of Nitrogen and Shading on Root Morphologies, Nutrient Accumulation, and Photosynthetic Parameters in Different Rice Genotypes ▶     Shenggang Pan, Haidong Liu, Zhaowen Mo et al.     Nitrogen availability and illumination intensity are two key factors which affect rice growth. However, their influences on total nitrogen accumulation, photosynthetic rate, root …             Polycomb-group protein SlMSI1 represses the expression of fruit-ripening genes to prolong shelf life in tomato ▶     Dan-Dan Liu, Li-Jie Zhou, Mou-Jing Fang et al.     Polycomb-group (PcG) protein MULTICOPY SUPPRESSOR OF IRA1 (MSI1) protein is an evolutionarily conserved developmental suppressor and plays a crucial role in regulating epigenetic …             Epsin1 modulates synaptic vesicle retrieval capacity at CNS synapses ▶     Jae Won Kyung, Jae Ryul Bae, Dae-Hwan Kim et al.     Synaptic vesicle retrieval is an essential process for continuous maintenance of neural information flow after synaptic transmission. Epsin1, originally identified as an …             Erratum: A Three-Pool Model Dissecting Readily Releasable Pool Replenishment at the Calyx of Held ▶     Jun Guo, Jian-long Ge, Mei Hao et al.                 Novel nanoscale bacteriophage-based single-domain antibodies for the therapy of systemic infection caused by Candida albicans ▶     Shuai Dong, Hongxi Shi, Donghui Cao et al.     Candida albicans (C. albicans) is an important human commensal and opportunistic fungal pathogen. Secreted aspartyl proteinases (Saps) are a major virulence trait of C. albicans, …             Small secreted proteins enable biofilm development in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus ▶     Rami Parnasa, Elad Nagar, Eleonora Sendersky et al.     Small proteins characterized by a double-glycine (GG) secretion motif, typical of secreted bacterial antibiotics, are encoded by the genomes of diverse cyanobacteria, but their …             sNebula, a network-based algorithm to predict binding between human leukocyte antigens and peptides ▶     Heng Luo, Hao Ye, Hui Wen Ng et al.     Understanding the binding between human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) and peptides is important to understand the functioning of the immune system. Since it is time-consuming and …             Autophagy-associated dengue vesicles promote viral transmission avoiding antibody neutralization ▶     Yan-Wei Wu, Clément Mettling, Shang-Rung Wu et al.     One of the major defense mechanisms against virus spread in vivo is the blocking of viral infectibility by neutralizing antibodies. We describe here the identification of …             RNA sequencing from neural ensembles activated during fear conditioning in the mouse temporal association cortex ▶     Jin-Hyung Cho, Ben S. Huang, Jesse M. Gray     The stable formation of remote fear memories is thought to require neuronal gene induction in cortical ensembles that are activated during learning. However, the set of genes …             Improving the Production of L-Phenylalanine by Identifying Key Enzymes Through Multi-Enzyme Reaction System in Vitro ▶     Dongqin Ding, Yongfei Liu, Yiran Xu et al.     L-Phenylalanine (L-Phe) is an important amino acid used in both food and medicinal applications. We developed an in vitro system that allowed a direct, quantitative investigation …             Single-cell RNA-seq reveals distinct injury responses in different types of DRG sensory neurons ▶     Ganlu Hu, Kevin Huang, Youjin Hu et al.     Peripheral nerve injury leads to various injury-induced responses in sensory neurons including physiological pain, neuronal cell death, and nerve regeneration. In this study, we …             Antibody responses to Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax blood-stage and sporozoite antigens in the postpartum period ▶     Alistair R. D. McLean, Machteld E. Boel, Rose McGready et al.     During pregnancy a variety of immunological changes occur to accommodate the fetus. It is unknown whether these changes continue to affect humoral immunity postpartum or how …             The emergence of superstructural order in insulin amyloid fibrils upon multiple rounds of self-seeding ▶     Weronika Surmacz-Chwedoruk, Viktoria Babenko, Robert Dec et al.     Typically, elongation of an amyloid fibril entails passing conformational details of the mother seed to daughter generations of fibrils with high fidelity. There are, however, …             Detection of nucleotide-specific CRISPR/Cas9 modified alleles using multiplex ligation detection ▶     R. KC, A. Srivastava, J. M. Wilkowski et al.     CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing has emerged as a powerful tool to create mutant alleles in model organisms. However, the precision with which these mutations are created has …             Corrigendum: In vivo assembly of DNA-fragments in the moss, Physcomitrella patens ▶     Brian Christopher King, Konstantinos Vavitsas, Nur Kusaira Binti Khairul Ikram et al.                 Integrative effect of drought and low temperature on litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) floral initiation revealed by dynamic genome-wide transcriptome analysis ▶     Jiyuan Shen, Qiusheng Xiao, Haiji Qiu et al.     Floral induction in litchi is influenced by multiple environment cues including temperature and soil water condition. In the present study, we determined that a combined …             Development of a Functional Glomerulus at the Organ Level on a Chip to Mimic Hypertensive Nephropathy ▶     Mengying Zhou, Xulang Zhang, Xinyu Wen et al.     Glomerular hypertension is an important factor exacerbating glomerular diseases to end-stage renal diseases because, ultimately, it results in glomerular sclerosis (especially in …             Taxonomy and physiological characterisation of Scheffersomyces titanus sp. nov., a new D-xylose-fermenting yeast species from China ▶     Xiao-Jing Liu, Wan-Nan Cao, Yong-Cheng Ren et al.     Three strains of a d-xylose-fermenting yeast species were isolated from the host beetle Dorcus titanus collected from two different localities in Henan Province, Central China. …             Non-additive genome-wide association scan reveals a new gene associated with habitual coffee consumption ▶     Nicola Pirastu, Maarten Kooyman, Antonietta Robino et al.     Coffee is one of the most consumed beverages world-wide and one of the primary sources of caffeine intake. Given its important health and economic impact, the underlying genetics …             A robust ambient temperature collection and stabilization strategy: Enabling worldwide functional studies of the human microbiome ▶     Ericka L. Anderson, Weizhong Li, Niels Klitgord et al.     As reports on possible associations between microbes and the host increase in number, more meaningful interpretations of this information require an ability to compare data sets …             Analysis of gene repair tracts from Cas9/gRNA double-stranded breaks in the human CFTR gene ▶     Jennifer A. Hollywood, Ciaran M. Lee, Martina F. Scallan et al.     To maximise the efficiency of template-dependent gene editing, most studies describe programmable and/or RNA-guided endonucleases that make a double-stranded break at, or close …             Functional characterization of open chromatin in bidirectional promoters of rice ▶     Yuan Fang, Ximeng Wang, Lei Wang et al.     Bidirectional gene pairs tend to be highly coregulated and function in similar biological processes in eukaryotic genomes. Structural features and functional consequences of …             Neuregulin 1 improves cognitive deficits and neuropathology in an Alzheimer’s disease model ▶     Jiqing Xu, Fred de Winter, Catherine Farrokhi et al.     Several lines of evidence suggest that neuregulin 1 (NRG1) signaling may influence cognitive function and neuropathology in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). To test this possibility, …             Synergistic and compensatory effects of two point mutations conferring target-site resistance to fipronil in the insect GABA receptor RDL ▶     Yixi Zhang, Xiangkun Meng, Yuanxue Yang et al.     Insecticide resistance can arise from a variety of mechanisms, including changes to the target site, but is often associated with substantial fitness costs to insects. Here we …             Energy metabolism in intestinal epithelial cells during maturation along the crypt-villus axis ▶     Huansheng Yang, Xiaocheng Wang, Xia Xiong et al.     Intestinal epithelial cells continuously migrate and mature along crypt-villus axis (CVA), while the changes in energy metabolism during maturation are unclear in neonates. The …             Gain-loss asymmetry in neural correlates of temporal discounting: An approach-avoidance motivation perspective ▶     Yang-Yang Zhang, Lijuan Xu, Li-Lin Rao et al.     Gain-loss asymmetry in temporal discounting (i.e., when individuals discount gains more than losses) has been implicated in numerous problematic and addictive behaviors, …             Mechanism and role of MCP-1 upregulation upon chikungunya virus infection in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells ▶     Mariana Ruiz Silva, Heidi van der Ende-Metselaar, H. Lie Mulder et al.     Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2)-mediated migration of monocytes is essential for immunological surveillance of tissues. During chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection …             Recent evolution of the salivary mucin MUC7 ▶     Duo Xu, Pavlos Pavlidis, Supaporn Thamadilok et al.     Genomic structural variants constitute the majority of variable base pairs in primate genomes and affect gene function in multiple ways. While whole gene duplications and …             Corrigendum: Exploration of acetanilide derivatives of 1-(ω-phenoxyalkyl)uracils as novel inhibitors of Hepatitis C Virus replication ▶     Andrea Magri, Alexander A. Ozerov, Vera L. Tunitskaya et al.                 Relative vascular permeability and vascularity across different regions of the rat nasal mucosa: implications for nasal physiology and drug delivery ▶     Niyanta N. Kumar, Mohan Gautam, Jeffrey J. Lochhead et al.     Intranasal administration provides a non-invasive drug delivery route that has been proposed to target macromolecules either to the brain via direct extracellular cranial …             Whole Genome Sequencing Identifies a Missense Mutation in HES7 Associated with Short Tails in Asian Domestic Cats ▶     Xiao Xu, Xin Sun, Xue-Song Hu et al.     Domestic cats exhibit abundant variations in tail morphology and serve as an excellent model to study the development and evolution of vertebrate tails. Cats with shortened and …             Loss of Ewing sarcoma EWS allele promotes tumorigenesis by inducing chromosomal instability in zebrafish ▶     Hyewon Park, Richard Galbraith, Thaddeus Turner et al.     The Ewing sarcoma family of tumors expresses aberrant EWSR1- (EWS) fusion genes that are derived from chromosomal translocation. Although these fusion genes are well …             Understanding music with cochlear implants ▶     Lisa Bruns, Dirk Mürbe, Anja Hahne     Direct stimulation of the auditory nerve via a Cochlear Implant (CI) enables profoundly hearing-impaired people to perceive sounds. Many CI users find language comprehension …             Comparison of intraspecific, interspecific and intergeneric chloroplast diversity in Cycads ▶     Guo-Feng Jiang, Damien Daniel Hinsinger, Joeri Sergej Strijk     Cycads are among the most threatened plant species. Increasing the availability of genomic information by adding whole chloroplast data is a fundamental step in supporting …             Space radiation exposure persistently increased leptin and IGF1 in serum and activated leptin-IGF1 signaling axis in mouse intestine ▶     Shubhankar Suman, Santosh Kumar, Albert J. Fornace et al.     Travel into outer space is fraught with risk of exposure to energetic heavy ion radiation such as 56Fe ions, which due to its high linear energy transfer (high-LET) …             Erratum: Efficient second-harmonic imaging of collagen in histological slides using Bessel beam excitation ▶     Nelly Vuillemin, Pierre Mahou, Delphine Débarre et al.                 Exactin: A specific inhibitor of Factor X activation by extrinsic tenase complex from the venom of Hemachatus haemachatus ▶     Vallerinteavide Mavelli Girish, R. Manjunatha Kini     Unwanted clots lead to heart attack and stroke that result in a large number of deaths. Currently available anticoagulants have some drawbacks including their non-specific …             Invasion of moso bamboo into a Japanese cedar plantation affects the chemical composition and humification of soil organic matter ▶     Hsueh-Ching Wang, Guanglong Tian, Chih-Yu Chiu     Bamboo, which has dense culms and root rhizome systems, can alter soil properties when it invades adjacent forests. Therefore, this study investigated whether bamboo invasions …             Characterization of mammary epithelial stem/progenitor cells and their changes with aging in common marmosets ▶     Anqi Wu, Qiaoxiang Dong, Hui Gao et al.     Age is the number one risk factor for breast cancer, yet the underlying mechanisms are unexplored. Age-associated mammary stem cell (MaSC) dysfunction is thought to play an …             A Quantitative Characterization of Nucleoplasmin/Histone Complexes Reveals Chaperone Versatility ▶     Noelia Fernández-Rivero, Aitor Franco, Adrian Velázquez-Campoy et al.     Nucleoplasmin (NP) is an abundant histone chaperone in vertebrate oocytes and embryos involved in storing and releasing maternal histones to establish and maintain the zygotic …             Topology of chromosome centromeres in human sperm nuclei with high levels of DNA damage ▶     Ewa Wiland, Monika Fraczek, Marta Olszewska et al.     Several studies have shown that the ‘poor’ sperm DNA quality appears to be an important factor affecting male reproductive ability. In the case of sperm cells from males with the …             Opposing regulation of the late phase TNF response by mTORC1-IL-10 signaling and hypoxia in human macrophages ▶     Linda Huynh, Anthony Kusnadi, Sung Ho Park et al.     Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is best known for inducing a rapid but transient NF-κB-mediated inflammatory response. We investigated later phases of TNF signaling, after the …             Pleiotropic action of CpG-ODN on endothelium and macrophages attenuates angiogenesis through distinct pathways ▶     Jiahui Wu, Wenru Su, Michael B. Powner et al.     There is an integral relationship between vascular cells and leukocytes in supporting healthy tissue homeostasis. Furthermore, activation of these two cellular components is key …             Molecular hydrogen suppresses activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling ▶     Yingni Lin, Bisei Ohkawara, Mikako Ito et al.     Molecular hydrogen (H2) is effective for many diseases. However, molecular bases of H2 have not been fully elucidated. Cumulative evidence indicates that H2 acts as a gaseous …             A ruthenium polypyridyl intercalator stalls DNA replication forks, radiosensitizes human cancer cells and is enhanced by Chk1 inhibition ▶     Martin R. Gill, Siti Norain Harun, Swagata Halder et al.     Ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes can intercalate DNA with high affinity and prevent cell proliferation; however, the direct impact of ruthenium-based intercalation on cellular …             Yu Ping Feng San reverses cisplatin-induced multi-drug resistance in lung cancer cells via regulating drug transporters and p62/TRAF6 signalling ▶     Jian-Shu Lou, Lu Yan, Cathy W. C. Bi et al.     Yu Ping Feng San (YPFS), an ancient Chinese herbal decoction composed of Astragali Radix, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma and Saposhnikoviae Radix, has been used in the clinic …             Quantitative proteomic comparison of stationary/G0 phase cells and tetrads in budding yeast ▶     Ravinder Kumar, Sanjeeva Srivastava     Most of the microbial cells on earth under natural conditions exist in a dormant condition, commonly known as quiescent state. Quiescent cells exhibit low rates of transcription …             Nonlinear deformation and localized failure of bacterial streamers in creeping flows ▶     Ishita Biswas, Ranajay Ghosh, Mohtada Sadrzadeh et al.     We investigate the failure of bacterial floc mediated streamers in a microfluidic device in a creeping flow regime using both experimental observations and analytical modeling. …             A fast multispectral light synthesiser based on LEDs and a diffraction grating ▶     Gregor Belušič, Marko Ilić, Andrej Meglič et al.     Optical experiments often require fast-switching light sources with adjustable bandwidths and intensities. We constructed a wavelength combiner based on a reflective planar …             Wedelolactone enhances osteoblastogenesis by regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway but suppresses osteoclastogenesis by NF-κB/c-fos/NFATc1 pathway ▶     Yan-Qiu Liu, Zhi-Lai Hong, Li-Bin Zhan et al.     Bone homeostasis is maintained by formation and destruction of bone, which are two processes tightly coupled and controlled. Targeting both stimulation on bone formation and …             Down-regulation of SerpinB2 is associated with gefitinib resistance in non-small cell lung cancer and enhances invadopodia-like structure protrusions ▶     Song Yi Bae, Hyen Joo Park, Ji-Young Hong et al.     The failure of targeted therapy due to the resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs), such as gefitinib, is considered a major problem …             Native cellulose nanofibrills induce immune tolerance in vitro by acting on dendritic cells ▶     Sergej Tomić, Vanja Kokol, Dušan Mihajlović et al.     Cellulose nanofibrills (CNFs) are attractive biocompatible, natural nanomaterials for wide biomedical applications. However, the immunological mechanisms of CNFs have been poorly …             Joint effects of pregnancy, sociocultural, and environmental factors on early life gut microbiome structure and diversity ▶     Albert M. Levin, Alexandra R. Sitarik, Suzanne L. Havstad et al.     The joint impact of pregnancy, environmental, and sociocultural exposures on early life gut microbiome is not yet well-characterized, especially in racially and socioeconomically …             Low-dose ticagrelor yields an antiplatelet efficacy similar to that of standard-dose ticagrelor in healthy subjects: an open-label randomized controlled trial ▶     Pan Li, Ying Gu, Yawei Yang et al.     Ticagrelor has a greater antiplatelet efficacy than clopidogrel but may be accompanied by an increased risk of bleeding. This study evaluated the antiplatelet effect and …             Unique quadruple immunofluorescence assay demonstrates mitochondrial respiratory chain dysfunction in osteoblasts of aged and PolgA−/− mice ▶     Philip F. Dobson, Mariana C. Rocha, John P. Grady et al.     Fragility fractures caused by osteoporosis affect millions of people worldwide every year with significant levels of associated morbidity, mortality and costs to the healthcare …             Higher fungal diversity is correlated with lower CO2 emissions from dead wood in a natural forest ▶     Chunyan Yang, Douglas A. Schaefer, Weijie Liu et al.     Wood decomposition releases almost as much CO2 to the atmosphere as does fossil-fuel combustion, so the factors regulating wood decomposition can affect global carbon cycling. We …             Molecular chaperone Hsp27 regulates the Hippo tumor suppressor pathway in cancer ▶     Sepideh Vahid, Daksh Thaper, Kate F. Gibson et al.     Heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27) is a molecular chaperone highly expressed in aggressive cancers, where it is involved in numerous pro-tumorigenic signaling pathways. Using …             Microscopy-based Saccharomyces cerevisiae complementation model reveals functional conservation and redundancy of N-terminal acetyltransferases ▶     Camilla Osberg, Henriette Aksnes, Sandra Ninzima et al.     N-terminal acetylation is a highly abundant protein modification catalyzed by N-terminal acetyltransferases (NATs) NatA-NatG. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein Arl3 depends on …             Dicer ablation in osteoblasts by Runx2 driven cre-loxP recombination affects bone integrity, but not glucocorticoid-induced suppression of bone formation ▶     Peng Liu, Mario Baumgart, Marco Groth et al.     Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO) is one of the major side effects of long-term glucocorticoid (GC) therapy mediated mainly via the suppression of bone formation and …             Erratum: Stiffness of the microenvironment upregulates ERBB2 expression in 3D cultures of MCF10A within the range of mammographic density ▶     Qingsu Cheng, Cemal Cagatay Bilgin, Gerald Fontenay et al.                 Pathogenicity of duck plague and innate immune responses of the Cherry Valley ducks to duck plague virus ▶     Ning Li, Tianqi Hong, Rong Li et al.     Duck plague caused by duck plague virus (DPV) is an acute and contagious disease. To better understand the pathogenic mechanism of duck plague virus in ducklings, an infection …             Benchmarking of the Oxford Nanopore MinION sequencing for quantitative and qualitative assessment of cDNA populations ▶     Spyros Oikonomopoulos, Yu Chang Wang, Haig Djambazian et al.     To assess the performance of the Oxford Nanopore Technologies MinION sequencing platform, cDNAs from the External RNA Controls Consortium (ERCC) RNA Spike-In mix were sequenced. …             TGEV infection up-regulates FcRn expression via activation of NF-κB signaling ▶     Jinyue Guo, Fei Li, Shaoju Qian et al.     It has been well characterized that the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) transports maternal IgG to a fetus or newborn and protects IgG from degradation. We previously reported that …             Maximum limit to the number of myosin II motors participating in processive sliding of actin ▶     Khushboo Rastogi, Mohammed Shabeel Puliyakodan, Vikas Pandey et al.     In this work, we analysed processive sliding and breakage of actin filaments at various heavy meromyosin (HMM) densities and ATP concentrations in IVMA. We observed that with …             Characterization of a novel low-temperature-active, alkaline and sucrose-tolerant invertase ▶     Junpei Zhou, Limei He, Yajie Gao et al.     A glycoside hydrolase family 32 invertase from Bacillus sp. HJ14 was expressed in Escherichia coli. The purified recombinant enzyme (rInvHJ14) showed typical biochemical …             Improved Compressive Sensing of Natural Scenes Using Localized Random Sampling ▶     Victor J. Barranca, Gregor Kovačič, Douglas Zhou et al.     Compressive sensing (CS) theory demonstrates that by using uniformly-random sampling, rather than uniformly-spaced sampling, higher quality image reconstructions are often …             Frequent interruptions of sedentary time modulates contraction- and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake pathways in muscle: Ancillary analysis from randomized clinical trials ▶     Audrey Bergouignan, Celine Latouche, Sarah Heywood et al.     Epidemiological studies have observed associations between frequent interruptions of sitting time with physical activity bouts and beneficial metabolic outcomes, even in …             Induction of renal senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30) expression by testosterone and its contribution to urinary calcium absorption in male rats ▶     Po-Han Lin, Cai-Yun Jian, Jou-Chun Chou et al.     The aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of androgen, mainly testosterone, in the expression of renal senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30) in male rats. We found …             Tyrosine phosphorylation and protein degradation control the transcriptional activity of WRKY involved in benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis ▶     Yasuyuki Yamada, Fumihiko Sato     Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIQ) are among the most structurally diverse and pharmaceutically valuable secondary metabolites. A plant-specific WRKY-type transcription factor, …             Quantitative profiling of spreading-coupled protein tyrosine phosphorylation in migratory cells ▶     Yajun Xie, Jinlong Wang, Yuanya Zhang et al.     Protein tyrosine phosphorylation is an important mechanism that regulates cytoskeleton reorganization and cell spreading of migratory cells. A number of cytoskeletal proteins are …             A mutagenic study identifying critical residues for the structure and function of rice manganese transporter OsMTP8.1 ▶     Xi Chen, Jiyu Li, Lihua Wang et al.     Rice (Oryza sativa) MTP8.1 (OsMTP8.1) is a tonoplast-localized manganese transporter of the cation diffusion facilitator family. Here we present a structure-function analysis of …             Monitoring PD-L1 positive circulating tumor cells in non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with the PD-1 inhibitor Nivolumab ▶     Chiara Nicolazzo, Cristina Raimondi, MariaLaura Mancini et al.     Controversial results on the predictive value of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) status in lung tumor tissue for response to immune checkpoint inhibitors do not allow for any …             Evolutionary and Expression Analysis Provides Evidence for the Plant Glutamate-like Receptors Family is Involved in Woody Growth-related Function ▶     Jianqing Chen, Yinghui Jing, Xinyue Zhang et al.     Glutamate-like receptors (GLRs) is a highly conserved family of ligand-gated ion channels, which have been associated with various physiological and developmental processes. …             PAFR activation of NF-κB p65 or p105 precursor dictates pro- and anti-inflammatory responses during TLR activation in murine macrophages ▶     Edson K. Ishizuka, Luciano Ribeiro Filgueiras, Francisco J. Rios et al.     Platelet-activating factor receptor (PAFR) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) implicated in many diseases. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a critical role in shaping innate …             Characterization of H7N2 Avian Influenza Virus in Wild Birds and Pikas in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Area ▶     Shuo Su, Gang Xing, Junhua Wang et al.     Qinghai Lake is a major migrating bird breeding site that has experienced several recent highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) epizootics. From 2006 to 2009 we studied …             Normalization of human RNA-seq experiments using chimpanzee RNA as a spike-in standard ▶     Hannah Yu, Yoonsoo Hahn, Sang-Ryoul Park et al.     Normalization of human RNA-seq experiments employing chimpanzee RNA as a spike-in standard is reported. Human and chimpanzee RNAs exhibit single nucleotide variations (SNVs) in …             An ultrasensitive electrogenerated chemiluminescence-based immunoassay for specific detection of Zika virus ▶     Dhiraj Acharya, Pradip Bastola, Linda Le et al.     Zika virus (ZIKV) is a globally emerging mosquito-transmitted flavivirus that can cause severe fetal abnormalities, including microcephaly. As such, highly sensitive, specific, …             Improving spatial prioritisation for remote marine regions: optimising biodiversity conservation and sustainable development trade-offs ▶     Cordelia H. Moore, Ben T. Radford, Hugh P. Possingham et al.     Creating large conservation zones in remote areas, with less intense stakeholder overlap and limited environmental information, requires periodic review to ensure zonation …             Staphylokinase has distinct modes of interaction with antimicrobial peptides, modulating its plasminogen-activation properties ▶     Leonard T. Nguyen, Hans J. Vogel     Staphylokinase (Sak) is a plasminogen activator protein that is secreted by many Staphylococcus aureus strains. Sak also offers protection by binding and inhibiting specific …             Migratory management and environmental conditions affect lifespan and oxidative stress in honey bees ▶     Michael Simone-Finstrom, Hongmei Li-Byarlay, Ming H. Huang et al.     Most pollination in large-scale agriculture is dependent on managed colonies of a single species, the honey bee Apis mellifera. More than 1 million hives are transported to …             Nest predation risk influences a cavity-nesting passerine during the post-hatching care period ▶     Jongmin Yoon, Byung-Su Kim, Eun-Jin Joo et al.     Some nest predators visually assess parental activities to locate a prey nest, whereas parents modify fitness-related traits to reduce the probability of nest predation, and/or …             Combined expression of miR-34a and Smac mediated by oncolytic vaccinia virus synergistically promote anti-tumor effects in Multiple Myeloma ▶     Wen Lei, Shibing Wang, Chunmei Yang et al.     Despite great progress made in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM), it is still incurable. Promising phase II clinical results have been reported recently for oncolytic …             Missing gene identification using functional coherence scores ▶     Meghana Chitale, Ishita K. Khan, Daisuke Kihara     Reconstructing metabolic and signaling pathways is an effective way of interpreting a genome sequence. A challenge in a pathway reconstruction is that often genes in a pathway …             H3.3 demarcates GC-rich coding and subtelomeric regions and serves as potential memory mark for virulence gene expression in Plasmodium falciparum ▶     Sabine Anne-Kristin Fraschka, Rob Wilhelmus Maria Henderson, Richárd Bártfai     Histones, by packaging and organizing the DNA into chromatin, serve as essential building blocks for eukaryotic life. The basic structure of the chromatin is established by four …             PPP1, a plant-specific regulator of transcription controls Arabidopsis development and PIN expression ▶     René Benjamins, Elke Barbez, Martina Ortbauer et al.     Directional transport of auxin is essential for plant development, with PIN auxin transport proteins representing an integral part of the machinery that controls hormone …             Fine mapping QTL for resistance to VNN disease using a high-density linkage map in Asian seabass ▶     Peng Liu, Le Wang, Sek-Man Wong et al.     Asian seabass has suffered from viral nervous necrosis (VNN) disease. Our previous study has mapped quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance to VNN disease. To fine map these …             Interactions between phasic alerting and consciousness in the fronto-striatal network ▶     Ana B. Chica, Dimitri J. Bayle, Fabiano Botta et al.     Only a small fraction of all the information reaching our senses can be the object of conscious report or voluntary action. Although some models propose that different …             Human heme oxygenase 1 is a potential host cell factor against dengue virus replication ▶     Chin-Kai Tseng, Chun-Kuang Lin, Yu-Hsuan Wu et al.     Dengue virus (DENV) infection and replication induces oxidative stress, which further contributes to the progression and pathogenesis of the DENV infection. Modulation of host …             A new method for assessing plant lodging and the impact of management options on lodging in canola crop production ▶     Wei Wu, Bao–Luo Ma     Lodging, defined as the permanent displacement of aboveground parts, is a common problem to cause yield loss, deterioration in seed quality and difficult to harvest in canola (…             Nitrogen fixation and nifH diversity in human gut microbiota ▶     Katsura Igai, Manabu Itakura, Suguru Nishijima et al.     It has been hypothesized that nitrogen fixation occurs in the human gut. However, whether the gut microbiota truly has this potential remains unclear. We investigated the …             Toward the Autism Motor Signature: Gesture patterns during smart tablet gameplay identify children with autism ▶     Anna Anzulewicz, Krzysztof Sobota, Jonathan T. Delafield-Butt     Autism is a developmental disorder evident from infancy. Yet, its clinical identification requires expert diagnostic training. New evidence indicates disruption to motor timing …             Mangifera sylvatica (Wild Mango): A new cocoa butter alternative ▶     Sayma Akhter, Morag A. McDonald, Ray Marriott     Cocoa butter is the pure butter extracted from cocoa beans and is a major ingredient in the chocolate industry. Global production of cocoa is in decline due to crop failure, …             Limits to sustained energy intake XXV: milk energy output and thermogenesis in Swiss mice lactating at thermoneutrality ▶     Zhi-Jun Zhao, Li Li, Deng-Bao Yang et al.     Previous studies at 21 °C and 5 °C suggest that in Swiss mice sustained energy intake (SusEI) and reproductive performance are constrained by the mammary capacity to produce …             Oestradiol synthesized by female neurons generates sex differences in neuritogenesis ▶     Isabel Ruiz-Palmero, Ana Ortiz-Rodriguez, Roberto Cosimo Melcangi et al.     Testosterone produced by the foetal testis is converted by male neurons to oestradiol, which masculinizes neuronal morphology. Female neurons are known to synthesize oestradiol …             A highly sensitive underwater video system for use in turbid aquaculture ponds ▶     Chin-Chang Hung, Shih-Chieh Tsao, Kuo-Hao Huang et al.     The turbid, low-light waters characteristic of aquaculture ponds have made it difficult or impossible for previous video cameras to provide clear imagery of the ponds’ benthic …             A Simple Paper-Based Colorimetric Device for Rapid Mercury(II) Assay ▶     Weiwei Chen, Xueen Fang, Hua Li et al.     Contamination of the environment by mercury(II) ions (Hg2+) poses a serious threat to human health and ecosystems. Up to now, many reported Hg2+ sensors require complex …             Tamoxifen accelerates the repair of demyelinated lesions in the central nervous system ▶     Ginez A. Gonzalez, Matthias P. Hofer, Yasir A. Syed et al.     Enhancing central nervous system (CNS) myelin regeneration is recognized as an important strategy to ameliorate the devastating consequences of demyelinating diseases such as …             Strains of the Propionibacterium acnes type III lineage are associated with the skin condition progressive macular hypomelanosis ▶     Emma Barnard, Jared Liu, Eliza Yankova et al.     Progressive macular hypomelanosis (PMH) is a common skin disorder that causes hypopigmentation in a variety of skin types. Although the underlying aetiology of this condition is …             Aberrant expression of miR-153 is associated with overexpression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in refractory epilepsy ▶     Yaohua Li, Cheng Huang, Peimin Feng et al.     Evidence suggest that overexpression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is linked to multidrug resistance of epilepsy. Here we explored whether aberrant expression of HIF-1α …             Charge density waves in disordered media circumventing the Imry-Ma argument ▶     Hitesh J. Changlani, Norm M. Tubman, Taylor L. Hughes     Two powerful theoretical predictions, Anderson localization and the Imry-Ma argument, impose significant restrictions on the phases of matter that can exist in the presence of …             Circulating Tumor DNA Detection in Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients by Targeted Sequencing ▶     Ke-Zhong Chen, Feng Lou, Fan Yang et al.     Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) isolated from peripheral blood has recently been shown to be an alternative source to detect gene mutations in primary tumors; however, most …             Stochastic modeling of biochemical systems with multistep reactions using state-dependent time delay ▶     Qianqian Wu, Tianhai Tian     To deal with the growing scale of molecular systems, sophisticated modelling techniques have been designed in recent years to reduce the complexity of mathematical models. Among …             A predictive nondestructive model for the covariation of tree height, diameter, and stem volume scaling relationships ▶     Zhongrui Zhang, Quanlin Zhong, Karl J. Niklas et al.     Metabolic scaling theory (MST) posits that the scaling exponents among plant height H, diameter D, and biomass M will covary across phyletically diverse species. However, the …             Sulforaphane protects against rotenone-induced neurotoxicity in vivo: Involvement of the mTOR, Nrf2, and autophagy pathways ▶     Qian Zhou, Bin Chen, Xindong Wang et al.     Sulforaphane, a naturally occurring compound found in cruciferous vegetables, has been shown to be neuroprotective in several neurological disorders. In this study, we sought to …             The Role of Prostate Apoptosis Response-4 (Par-4) in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infected Macrophages ▶     Ji-Ye Han, Yun-Ji Lim, Ji-Ae Choi et al.     Prostate apoptosis response-4 (Par-4) is a tumor suppressor protein that forms a complex with glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) to induce apoptosis. Previously, we reported …             Understanding the spatiotemporal pattern of grazing cattle movement ▶     Kun Zhao, Raja Jurdak     Understanding the drivers of animal movement is significant for ecology and biology. Yet researchers have so far been unable to fully understand these drivers, largely due to low …             Individual aggregates of amyloid beta induce temporary calcium influx through the cell membrane of neuronal cells ▶     Anna Drews, Jennie Flint, Nadia Shivji et al.     Local delivery of amyloid beta oligomers from the tip of a nanopipette, controlled over the cell surface, has been used to deliver physiological picomolar oligomer concentrations …             Neural stem cells secrete factors facilitating brain regeneration upon constitutive Raf-Erk activation ▶     Yong-Hee Rhee, Sang-Hoon Yi, Joo Yeon Kim et al.     The intracellular Raf-Erk signaling pathway is activated during neural stem cell (NSC) proliferation, and neuronal and astrocytic differentiation. A key question is how this …             Separation of ballistic and diffusive fluorescence photons in confocal Light-Sheet Microscopy of Arabidopsis roots ▶     Tobias Meinert, Olaf Tietz, Klaus J. Palme et al.     Image quality in light-sheet fluorescence microscopy is strongly affected by the shape of the illuminating laser beam inside embryos, plants or tissue. While the phase of …             Comparison of different normalization strategies for the analysis of glomerular microRNAs in IgA nephropathy ▶     Clemens L. Bockmeyer, Karen Säuberlich, Juliane Wittig et al.     Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) have been used for normalization in glomerular microRNA (miRNA) quantification without confirmation of validity. Our aim was to identify glomerular …             Corrigendum: The Cipher Code of Simple Sequence Repeats in “Vampire Pathogens” ▶     Geng Zou, Bernardo Bello-Orti, Virginia Aragon et al.                 The ABC transporter YejABEF is required for resistance to antimicrobial peptides and the virulence of Brucella melitensis ▶     Zhen Wang, Pengfei Bie, Jie Cheng et al.     The ability to resist the killing effects of host antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) plays a vital role in the virulence of pathogens. The Brucella melitensis NI genome has a gene …             Disease-Homologous Mutation in the Cation Diffusion Facilitator Protein MamM Causes Single-Domain Structural Loss and Signifies Its Importance ▶     Shiran Barber-Zucker, René Uebe, Geula Davidov et al.     Cation diffusion facilitators (CDF) are highly conserved, metal ion efflux transporters that maintain divalent transition metal cation homeostasis. Most CDF proteins contain two …             Pseudomonas spp. diversity is negatively associated with suppression of the wheat take-all pathogen ▶     Zia Mehrabi, Vanessa E. McMillan, Ian M. Clark et al.     Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning research typically shows positive diversity- productivity relationships. However, local increases in species richness can increase …             Glucose enhances indolic glucosinolate biosynthesis without reducing primary sulfur assimilation ▶     Huiying Miao, Congxi Cai, Jia Wei et al.     The effect of glucose as a signaling molecule on induction of aliphatic glucosinolate biosynthesis was reported in our former study. Here, we further investigated the regulatory …             Kremen1 regulates mechanosensory hair cell development in the mammalian cochlea and the zebrafish lateral line ▶     Joanna F. Mulvaney, Cathrine Thompkins, Teppei Noda et al.     Here we present spatio-temporal localization of Kremen1, a transmembrane receptor, in the mammalian cochlea, and investigate its role in the formation of sensory organs in mammal …             A novel transcription factor-like gene SbSDR1 acts as a molecular switch and confers salt and osmotic endurance to transgenic tobacco ▶     Vijay Kumar Singh, Avinash Mishra, Intesaful Haque et al.     A salt- and drought-responsive novel gene SbSDR1 is predominantly localised to the nucleus, up-regulated under abiotic stresses and is involved in the regulation of metabolic …             Inputs to prefrontal cortex support visual recognition in the aging brain ▶     Jessica R. Gilbert, Rosalyn J. Moran     Predictive coding models of brain function propose that top-down cortical signals promote efficient neural codes by carrying predictions of upcoming sensory events. We …             Role of vocal tract characteristics in individual discrimination by Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) ▶     Takafumi Furuyama, Kohta I. Kobayasi, Hiroshi Riquimaroux     The Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata) exhibits a species-specific communication sound called the “coo call” to locate group members and maintain within-group contact. Monkeys …             Scalable Production of Glioblastoma Tumor-initiating Cells in 3 Dimension Thermoreversible Hydrogels ▶     Qiang Li, Haishuang Lin, Ou Wang et al.     There is growing interest in developing drugs that specifically target glioblastoma tumor-initiating cells (TICs). Current cell culture methods, however, cannot cost-effectively …             Pregnane X Receptor Regulates Pathogen-Induced Inflammation and Host Defense against an Intracellular Bacterial Infection through Toll-like Receptor 4 ▶     Zhijuan Qiu, Jorge L. Cervantes, Basak B. Cicek et al.     The nuclear pregnane X receptor (PXR) plays a central role in regulating xenobiotic metabolism. We now report a novel role for PXR as a critical negative regulator of innate …             Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus capsid, a versatile platform for foreign B-cell epitope display inducing protective humoral immune responses ▶     Noelia Moreno, Ignacio Mena, Iván Angulo et al.     Virus-like particles (VLPs), comprised of viral structural proteins devoid of genetic material, are tunable nanoparticles that can be chemically or genetically engineered, to be …             Soil bacterial and fungal community dynamics in relation to Panax notoginseng death rate in a continuous cropping system ▶     Linlin Dong, Jiang Xu, Guangquan Feng et al.     Notoginseng (Panax notoginseng), a valuable herbal medicine, has high death rates in continuous cropping systems. Variation in the soil microbial community is considered the …             Enhanced angiogenesis, hypoxia and neutrophil recruitment during Myc-induced liver tumorigenesis in zebrafish ▶     Ye Zhao, Xiaoqian Huang, Tony Weixi Ding et al.     Angiogenesis, hypoxia and immune cells are important components in tumor microenvironment affecting tumor growth. Here we employed a zebrafish liver tumor model to investigate …             Drone exposure to the systemic insecticide Fipronil indirectly impairs queen reproductive potential ▶     Guillaume Kairo, Bertille Provost, Sylvie Tchamitchian et al.     A species that requires sexual reproduction but cannot reproduce is doomed to extinction. The important increasing loss of species emphasizes the ecological significance of …             COX7AR is a Stress-inducible Mitochondrial COX Subunit that Promotes Breast Cancer Malignancy ▶     Kezhong Zhang, Guohui Wang, Xuebao Zhang et al.     Cytochrome c oxidase (COX), the terminal enzyme of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, plays a key role in regulating mitochondrial energy production and cell survival. COX …             MiR-146b negatively regulates migration and delays progression of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia ▶     Nádia C. Correia, Rita Fragoso, Tânia Carvalho et al.     Previous results indicated that miR-146b-5p is downregulated by TAL1, a transcription factor critical for early hematopoiesis that is frequently overexpressed in T-cell acute …             Fear of Negative Evaluation Moderates the Effect of Subliminal Fear Priming on Rejection of Unfair Offers in the Ultimatum Game ▶     Haruto Takagishi, Takayuki Fujii, Kuniyuki Nishina et al.     The purpose of this study was to examine whether the tendency to fear negative evaluation moderates the effect of fear emotion on the rejection of unfair offers in the ultimatum …             Indoxyl sulfate potentiates skeletal muscle atrophy by inducing the oxidative stress-mediated expression of myostatin and atrogin-1 ▶     Yuki Enoki, Hiroshi Watanabe, Riho Arake et al.     Skeletal muscle atrophy, referred to as sarcopenia, is often observed in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, especially in patients who are undergoing hemodialysis. The …             A rapid and versatile method for the isolation, purification and cryogenic storage of Schwann cells from adult rodent nerves ▶     Natalia D. Andersen, Shruthi Srinivas, Gonzalo Piñero et al.     We herein developed a protocol for the rapid procurement of adult nerve-derived Schwann cells (SCs) that was optimized to implement an immediate enzymatic dissociation of fresh …             High throughput cytotoxicity screening of anti-HER2 immunotoxins conjugated with antibody fragments from phage-displayed synthetic antibody libraries ▶     Shin-Chen Hou, Hong-Sen Chen, Hung-Wei Lin et al.     Immunotoxins are an important class of antibody-based therapeutics. The potency of the immunotoxins depends on the antibody fragments as the guiding modules targeting designated …             Asymmetry in inward- and outward-affinity constant of transport explain unidirectional lysine flux in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ▶     Frans Bianchi, Joury S. van ‘t Klooster, Stephanie J. Ruiz et al.     The import of basic amino acids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been reported to be unidirectional, which is not typical of how secondary transporters work. Since studies of …             Murine tribbles homolog 2 deficiency affects erythroid progenitor development and confers macrocytic anemia on mice ▶     Kou-Ray Lin, Hsin-Fang Yang-Yen, Huang-Wei Lien et al.     Tribbles homolog 2 (Trib2) is a member of Tribbles protein pseudokinases and involves in apoptosis, autoimmunity, cancer, leukemia and erythropoiesis, however, the physiological …             Identification of Multiple QTLs Linked to Neuropathology in the Engrailed-1 Heterozygous Mouse Model of Parkinson’s Disease ▶     Zuzanna Kurowska, Michael Jewett, Per Ludvik Brattås et al.     Motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease are attributed to degeneration of midbrain dopaminergic neurons (DNs). Heterozygosity for Engrailed-1 (En1), one of the key factors for …             Multitask learning improves prediction of cancer drug sensitivity ▶     Han Yuan, Ivan Paskov, Hristo Paskov et al.     Precision oncology seeks to predict the best therapeutic option for individual patients based on the molecular characteristics of their tumors. To assess the preclinical …             Prosteatotic and Protective Components in a Unique Model of Fatty Liver: Gut Microbiota and Suppressed Complement System ▶     Long Liu, Xing Zhao, Qian Wang et al.     Goose can develop severe hepatic steatosis without overt injury, thus it may serve as a unique model for uncovering how steatosis-related injury is prevented. To identify the …             3D microtumors in vitro supported by perfused vascular networks ▶     Agua Sobrino, Duc T. T. Phan, Rupsa Datta et al.     There is a growing interest in developing microphysiological systems that can be used to model both normal and pathological human organs in vitro. This “organs-on-chips” approach …             Altered Fecal Microbiota Correlates with Liver Biochemistry in Nonobese Patients with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ▶     Baohong Wang, Xiangyang Jiang, Min Cao et al.     Increasing evidence suggests a role of intestinal dysbiosis in obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). But it remains unknown in nonobese NAFLD. This prospective, …             Mapping of fiber quality QTLs reveals useful variation and footprints of cotton domestication using introgression lines ▶     Shu-Wen Zhang, Xie-Fei Zhu, Liu-Chun Feng et al.     Fiber quality improvement is a driving force for further cotton domestication and breeding. Here, QTLs for fiber quality were mapped in 115 introgression lines (ILs) first …             Coral reef soundscapes may not be detectable far from the reef ▶     Maxwell B. Kaplan, T. Aran Mooney     Biological sounds produced on coral reefs may provide settlement cues to marine larvae. Sound fields are composed of pressure and particle motion, which is the back and forth …             Characterisation of mouse epididymosomes reveals a complex profile of microRNAs and a potential mechanism for modification of the sperm epigenome ▶     Jackson N. Reilly, Eileen A. McLaughlin, Simone J. Stanger et al.     Recent evidence has shown that the sperm epigenome is vulnerable to dynamic modifications arising from a variety of paternal environment exposures and that this legacy can serve …             Cinnamomi Cortex (Cinnamomum verum) Suppresses Testosterone-induced Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia by Regulating 5α-reductase ▶     Hyun-Myung Choi, Yunu Jung, Jinbong Park et al.     Cinnamomi cortex (dried bark of Cinnamomum verum) is an important drug in Traditional Korean Medicine used to improve blood circulation and Yang Qi. Benign prostatic hyperplasia …             Onco-lncRNA HOTAIR and its functional genetic variants in papillary thyroid carcinoma ▶     Hui Zhu, Zheng Lv, Changming An et al.     The role of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) and its functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is …             Inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress improves coronary artery function in the spontaneously hypertensive rats ▶     Soo-Kyoung Choi, Mihwa Lim, Seon-Hee Byeon et al.     Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been shown to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular complications. However, the role and mechanisms of ER stress in …             ADP-ribosylation Factor-related Protein 1 Interacts with NS5A and Regulates Hepatitis C Virus Propagation ▶     Yun-Sook Lim, Huong T. T. Ngo, Jihye Lee et al.     The life cycle of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is tightly coupled to the lipid metabolism of host cells. In order to identify host factors involved in HCV propagation, we have …             Identification of a capsular variant and characterization of capsular acetylation in Klebsiella pneumoniae PLA-associated type K57 ▶     Chun-Ru Hsu, Chun-Hsing Liao, Tzu-Lung Lin et al.     Klebsiella pneumoniae can cause community-acquired pyogenic liver abscess (PLA). Capsular polysaccharide (CPS) is important for its virulence. Among 79 capsular (K) types …             Structure and function of human Naa60 (NatF), a Golgi-localized bi-functional acetyltransferase ▶     Ji-Yun Chen, Liang Liu, Chun-Ling Cao et al.     N-terminal acetylation (Nt-acetylation), carried out by N-terminal acetyltransferases (NATs), is a conserved and primary modification of nascent peptide chains. Naa60 (also named …             Central chronic apelin infusion decreases energy expenditure and thermogenesis in mice ▶     Anne Drougard, Audren Fournel, Alysson Marlin et al.     Apelin is a bioactive peptide involved in the control of energy metabolism. In the hypothalamus, chronic exposure to high levels of apelin is associated with an increase in …             TGF-β/BAMBI pathway dysfunction contributes to peripheral Th17/Treg imbalance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ▶     Jian-Chu Zhang, Gang Chen, Long Chen et al.     BMP and activin membrane-bound inhibitor (BAMBI) is postulated to inhibit or modulate transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling. Furthermore, strong upregulation of BAMBI …             Modulation of IL-6 induced RANKL expression in arthritic synovium by a transcription factor SOX5 ▶     Xiaoke Feng, Yumeng Shi, Lingxiao Xu et al.     Receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) is critically involved in bone erosion of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We previously reported association between younger age …             Extracellular Vesicles from Metastatic Rat Prostate Tumors Prime the Normal Prostate Tissue to Facilitate Tumor Growth ▶     Sofia Halin Bergström, Christina Hägglöf, Elin Thysell et al.     Accumulating data indicates that tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are responsible for tumor-promoting effects. However, if tumor EVs also prepare the tumor-bearing …             Self-organized sorting limits behavioral variability in swarms ▶     Katherine Copenhagen, David A. Quint, Ajay Gopinathan     Swarming is a phenomenon where collective motion arises from simple local interactions between typically identical individuals. Here, we investigate the effects of variability in …             HIV-1 Vpr reactivates latent HIV-1 provirus by inducing depletion of class I HDACs on chromatin ▶     Bizhan Romani, Razieh Kamali Jamil, Mojtaba Hamidi-Fard et al.     HIV-1 Vpr is an accessory protein that induces proteasomal degradation of multiple proteins. We recently showed that Vpr targets class I HDACs on chromatin for proteasomal …             Cognitive deficits caused by a disease-mutation in the α3 Na+/K+-ATPase isoform ▶     Thomas Hellesøe Holm, Toke Jost Isaksen, Simon Glerup et al.     The Na+/K+-ATPases maintain Na+ and K+ electrochemical gradients across the plasma membrane, a prerequisite for electrical excitability and secondary transport in neurons. …             The Hippo-Salvador signaling pathway regulates renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis ▶     Eunjeong Seo, Wan-Young Kim, Jeongmi Hur et al.     Renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) is the final pathway of various renal injuries that result in chronic kidney disease. The mammalian Hippo-Salvador signaling pathway has …             Transcriptome and proteome characterization of surface ectoderm cells differentiated from human iPSCs ▶     Ying Qu, Bo Zhou, Wei Yang et al.     Surface ectoderm (SE) cells give rise to structures including the epidermis and ectodermal associated appendages such as hair, eye, and the mammary gland. 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