Scientific Reports Biology Table of Contents e-alert: 23 August 2016

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23 August 2016      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports               Free Naturejobs Career Expo London Registration is now open for the free Naturejobs Career Expo London on September 16, 2016. Be sure to attend this special 10 year anniversary of the London science career fair for your chance to meet employers face-to-face, attend all conferences and workshops, take part in our photo booth fun, win amazing prizes and so much more! Register Free today!                  Biological Sciences               Increasing the performance of pooled CRISPR–Cas9 drop-out screening ▶     Benedict C. S. Cross, Steffen Lawo, Caroline R. Archer et al.     Components of the type II CRISPR–Cas complex in bacteria have been used successfully in eukaryotic cells to facilitate rapid and accurate cell line engineering, animal model …             Caveolae-mediated albumin transcytosis is enhanced in dengue-infected human endothelial cells: A model of vascular leakage in dengue hemorrhagic fever ▶     Chanettee Chanthick, Rattiyaporn Kanlaya, Rattanaporn Kiatbumrung et al.     Vascular leakage is a life-threatening complication of dengue virus (DENV) infection. Previously, association between “paracellular” endothelial hyperpermeability and plasma …             Multi-marker metabarcoding of coral skeletons reveals a rich microbiome and diverse evolutionary origins of endolithic algae ▶     Vanessa Rossetto Marcelino, Heroen Verbruggen     Bacteria, fungi and green algae are common inhabitants of coral skeletons. Their diversity is poorly characterized because they are difficult to identify with microscopy or …             Infection-induced behavioural changes reduce connectivity and the potential for disease spread in wild mice contact networks ▶     Patricia C. Lopes, Per Block, Barbara König     Infection may modify the behaviour of the host and of its conspecifics in a group, potentially altering social connectivity. Because many infectious diseases are transmitted …             Fluorescence-excitation and Emission Spectroscopy on Single FMO Complexes ▶     Alexander Löhner, Khuram Ashraf , Richard J. Cogdell et al.     In green-sulfur bacteria sunlight is absorbed by antenna structures termed chlorosomes, and transferred to the RC via the Fenna-Matthews-Olson (FMO) complex. FMO consists of …             Lanthanum regulates the reactive oxygen species in the roots of rice seedlings ▶     Dongwu Liu, Shengnan Zheng, Xue Wang     In this study, the effects of La3+ on the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant metabolism were studied in the roots of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv Shengdao 16) exposed to …             Male tarsi specific odorant-binding proteins in the diving beetle Cybister japonicus sharp ▶     Li-Mei Song, Xiang Jiang, Xue-Min Wang et al.     Odorant binding proteins (OBPs) play critical roles in chemical communication of insects, as they recognize and transport environmental chemical signals to receptors. The diving …             Draft genome sequence of subterranean clover, a reference for genus Trifolium ▶     Hideki Hirakawa, Parwinder Kaur, Kenta Shirasawa et al.     Clovers (genus Trifolium) are widely cultivated across the world as forage legumes and make a large contribution to livestock feed production and soil improvement. Subterranean …             Endangered plant-parrot mutualisms: seed tolerance to predation makes parrots pervasive dispersers of the Parana pine ▶     José L. Tella, Francisco V. Dénes, Viviane Zulian et al.     Parrots are largely considered plant antagonists as they usually destroy the seeds they feed on. However, there is evidence that parrots may also act as seed dispersers. We …             Asymmetric Collagen/chitosan Membrane Containing Minocycline-loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles for Guided Bone Regeneration ▶     Shiqing Ma, Aidina Adayi, Zihao Liu et al.     Infections caused by pathogens colonization at wound sites in the process of bone healing are considered as one of the major reasons for the failure of guided bone regeneration …             Reduction of obesity-associated white adipose tissue inflammation by rosiglitazone is associated with reduced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in LDLr-deficient mice ▶     Petra Mulder, Martine C. Morrison, Lars Verschuren et al.     Obesity is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation that drives the development of metabolic diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We recently …             Demographic comparison and population projection of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) reared on sugarcane at different temperatures ▶     Lu Peng, Yunxin Miao, Youming Hou     Understanding how temperature affects fitness is important for conservation and pest management, especially in the era of global climate change. Rhynchophorus ferrugineus …             Distinct response of the hepatic transcriptome to Aflatoxin B1 induced hepatocellular carcinogenesis and resistance in rats ▶     Jiejun Shi, Jiangtu He, Jing Lin et al.     Aflatoxin is a natural potent carcinogen and a major cause of liver cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms of hepatocellular carcinogenesis remain largely unexplored. In this …             Probing the Spatial Organization of Molecular Complexes Using Triple-Pair-Correlation ▶     Yandong Yin, Eli Rothenberg     Super-resolution microscopy coupled with multiplexing techniques can resolve specific spatial arrangements of different components within molecular complexes. However, reliable …             CAPS1 stabilizes the state of readily releasable synaptic vesicles to fusion competence at CA3–CA1 synapses in adult hippocampus ▶     Yo Shinoda, Chiaki Ishii, Yugo Fukazawa et al.     Calcium-dependent activator protein for secretion 1 (CAPS1) regulates exocytosis of dense-core vesicles in neuroendocrine cells and of synaptic vesicles in neurons. However, the …             Surface thermal oxidation on titanium implants to enhance osteogenic activity and in vivo osseointegration ▶     Guifang Wang, Jinhua Li, Kaige Lv et al.     Thermal oxidation, which serves as a low-cost, effective and relatively simple/facile method, was used to modify a micro-structured titanium surface in ambient atmosphere at …             Gut microbiota can transfer fiber characteristics and lipid metabolic profiles of skeletal muscle from pigs to germ-free mice ▶     Honglin Yan, Hui Diao, Yi Xiao et al.     Obesity causes changes in microbiota composition, and an altered gut microbiota can transfer obesity-associated phenotypes from donors to recipients. Obese Rongchang pigs (RP) …             Relationship between visuospatial attention and paw preference in dogs ▶     Marcello Siniscalchi, Serenella d’Ingeo, Serena Fornelli et al.     The relationship between visuospatial attention and paw preference was investigated in domestic dogs. Visuospatial attention was evaluated using a food detection task that …             Developmental transcriptome analysis and identification of genes involved in formation of intestinal air-breathing function of Dojo loach, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus ▶     Weiwei Luo, Xiaojuan Cao, Xiuwen Xu et al.     Dojo loach, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus is a freshwater fish species of the loach family Cobitidae, using its posterior intestine as an accessory air-breathing organ. Little is …             Integrated application of transcriptomics and metabolomics yields insights into population-asynchronous ovary development in Coilia nasus ▶     Gangchun Xu, Fukuan Du, Yan Li et al.     Populations of Coilia nasus demonstrate asynchronous ovarian development, which severely restricts artificial breeding and large-scale cultivation. In this study, we used a …             Characterization of new RNA polymerase III and RNA polymerase II transcriptional promoters in the Bovine Leukemia Virus genome ▶     Benoit Van Driessche, Anthony Rodari, Nadège Delacourt et al.     Bovine leukemia virus latency is a viral strategy used to escape from the host immune system and contribute to tumor development. However, a highly expressed BLV micro-RNA …             The viral capping enzyme nsP1: a novel target for the inhibition of chikungunya virus infection ▶     L. Delang, C. Li, A. Tas et al.     The chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has become a substantial global health threat due to its massive re-emergence, the considerable disease burden and the lack of vaccines or …             Plasma Membrane Intrinsic Proteins SlPIP2;1, SlPIP2;7 and SlPIP2;5 Conferring Enhanced Drought Stress Tolerance in Tomato ▶     Ren Li, Jinfang Wang, Shuangtao Li et al.     The function of aquaporin (AQP) protein in transporting water is crucial for plants to survive in drought stress. With 47 homologues in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) were …             Regulation of the actin cytoskeleton by the Ndel1-Tara complex is critical for cell migration ▶     Ji-Ho Hong, Yongdo Kwak, Youngsik Woo et al.     Nuclear distribution element-like 1 (Ndel1) plays pivotal roles in diverse biological processes and is implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple neurodevelopmental disorders. …             Molecular circadian rhythm shift due to bright light exposure before bedtime is related to subthreshold bipolarity ▶     Chul-Hyun Cho, Joung-Ho Moon, Ho-Kyoung Yoon et al.     This study examined the link between circadian rhythm changes due to bright light exposure and subthreshold bipolarity. Molecular circadian rhythms, polysomnography, and …             Pichia pastoris Fep1 is a [2Fe-2S] protein with a Zn finger that displays an unusual oxygen-dependent role in cluster binding ▶     Antimo Cutone, Barry D. Howes, Adriana E. Miele et al.     Fep1, the iron-responsive GATA factor from the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris, has been characterised both in vivo and in vitro. This protein has two Cys2-Cys2 type zinc …             Identification of cellular senescence-specific genes by comparative transcriptomics ▶     Taiki Nagano, Masayuki Nakano, Akio Nakashima et al.     Cellular senescence is defined as permanent cell cycle arrest induced by various stresses. Although the p53 transcriptional activity is essential for senescence induction, the …             Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals the role of the AMPK plant ortholog SnRK1 as a metabolic master regulator under energy deprivation ▶     Ella Nukarinen, Thomas Nägele, Lorenzo Pedrotti et al.     Since years, research on SnRK1, the major cellular energy sensor in plants, has tried to define its role in energy signalling. However, these attempts were notoriously hampered …             Robust neuroprotective effects of 2-((2-oxopropanoyl)oxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid (OPTBA), a HTB/pyruvate ester, in the postischemic rat brain ▶     Seung-Woo Kim, Hye-Kyung Lee, Il-Doo Kim et al.     Postischemic brain damage in stroke is proceded with complicated pathological events, and so multimodal drug treatments may offer better therapeutic means for improving clinical …             Elucidating Genomic Characteristics of Lung Cancer Progression from In Situ to Invasive Adenocarcinoma ▶     Chanida Vinayanuwattikun, Florence Le Calvez-Kelm, Behnoush Abedi-Ardekani et al.     To examine the diversity of somatic alterations and clonal evolution according to aggressiveness of disease, nineteen tumor-blood pairs of ‘formerly bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma …             Overexpression of calmodulin-like (ShCML44) stress-responsive gene from Solanum habrochaites enhances tolerance to multiple abiotic stresses ▶     Shoaib Munir, Hui Liu, Yali Xing et al.     Calmodulin-like (CML) proteins are important Ca2+ sensors, which play significant role in mediating plant stress tolerance. In the present study, cold responsive calmodulin-like (…             Genes on a Wire: The Nucleoid-Associated Protein HU Insulates Transcription Units in Escherichia coli ▶     Michael Berger, Veneta Gerganova, Petya Berger et al.     The extent to which chromosomal gene position in prokaryotes affects local gene expression remains an open question. Several studies have shown that chromosomal re-positioning of …             Antibodies elicited by the first non-viral prophylactic cancer vaccine show tumor-specificity and immunotherapeutic potential ▶     Jason J. Lohmueller, Shuji Sato, Lana Popova et al.     MUC1 is a shared tumor antigen expressed on >80% of human cancers. We completed the first prophylactic cancer vaccine clinical trial based on a non-viral antigen, MUC1, in …             Localising the auditory N1m with event-related beamformers: localisation accuracy following bilateral and unilateral stimulation ▶     Lauren Gascoyne, Paul L. Furlong, Arjan Hillebrand et al.     The auditory evoked N1m-P2m response complex presents a challenging case for MEG source-modelling, because symmetrical, phase-locked activity occurs in the hemispheres both …             Monitoring Tumor Hypoxia Using 18F-FMISO PET and Pharmacokinetics Modeling after Photodynamic Therapy ▶     Xiao Tong, Avinash Srivatsan, Orit Jacobson et al.     Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an efficacious treatment for some types of cancers. However, PDT-induced tumor hypoxia as a result of oxygen consumption and vascular damage can …             Immune cell-specific transcriptional profiling highlights distinct molecular pathways controlled by Tob1 upon experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis ▶     Alessandro Didonna, Egle Cekanaviciute, Jorge R. Oksenberg et al.     Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system characterized by focal lymphocytic infiltration, demyelination and neurodegeneration. Despite the …             Thymoquinone Alleviates the Experimental Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy by Modulation of Inflammation ▶     Long Chen, Bing Li, Biqin Chen et al.     Thymoquinone has been reported to exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Inflammation plays an important role in pathogenesis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. This …             Acral Melanoma in Chinese: A Clinicopathological and Prognostic Study of 142 cases ▶     Jiaojie Lv, Bo Dai, Yunyi Kong et al.     Acral melanoma (AM), as a peculiar subgroup of melanoma, is rare in Caucasians but has higher incidence in Asians. Large series of study on AM with clinicopathological features …             Pruinosanones A-C, anti-inflammatory isoflavone derivatives from Caragana pruinosa ▶     Chengjian Zheng, Liang Wang, Ting Han et al.     Pruinosanone A (1), a novel spirochromone, was isolated from the roots of Caragana pruinosa. Two biogenetically related isoflavone intermediates, pruinosanones B and C (2 and 3), …             Symmetric and Asymmetric Tendencies in Stable Complex Systems ▶     James P. L. Tan     A commonly used approach to study stability in a complex system is by analyzing the Jacobian matrix at an equilibrium point of a dynamical system. The equilibrium point is stable …             Filtrating colorectal cancer associated genes by integrated analyses of global DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation in cancer and normal tissue ▶     Ming Li, Fei Gao, Yudong Xia et al.     Recently, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine patterning across the tumor genome was considered as a hallmark of cancer development and progression. However, locus-specific difference of …             BDE47 induces rat CYP3A1 by targeting the transcriptional regulation of miR-23b ▶     Zhenzhen Sun, Zhan Zhang, Minghui Ji et al.     Cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) is the most abundant CYP450 enzyme in the liver and is involved in the metabolism of over 50% of xenobiotics. Our previous studies revealed that …             Performance of a TthPrimPol-based whole genome amplification kit for copy number alteration detection using massively parallel sequencing ▶     Lieselot Deleye, Dieter De Coninck, Annelies Dheedene et al.     Starting from only a few cells, current whole genome amplification (WGA) methods provide enough DNA to perform massively parallel sequencing (MPS). Unfortunately, all current WGA …             Liver Gene Expression Profiles Correlate with Virus Infection and Response to Interferon Therapy in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients ▶     Hui-Lin Wu, Tzu-Hung Hsiao, Pei-Jer Chen et al.     The natural course of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection and treatment response are determined mainly by the genomic characteristics of the individual. We investigated liver …             A bivariate genome-wide association study identifies ADAM12 as a novel susceptibility gene for Kashin-Beck disease ▶     Jingcan Hao, Wenyu Wang, Yan Wen et al.     Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) is a chronic osteoarthropathy, which manifests as joint deformities and growth retardation. Only a few genetic studies of growth retardation associated …             Organization of Nucleotides in Different Environments and the Formation of Pre-Polymers ▶     Sebastian Himbert, Mindy Chapman, David W. Deamer et al.     RNA is a linear polymer of nucleotides linked by a ribose-phosphate backbone. Polymerization of nucleotides occurs in a condensation reaction in which phosphodiester bonds are …             Low molecular weight fucoidan protects renal tubular cells from injury induced by albumin overload ▶     Yingli Jia, Yi Sun, Lin Weng et al.     Albuminuria is a causative and aggravating factor for progressive renal damage in chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim of this study was to determine if low molecular weight …             Spike-Threshold Variability Originated from Separatrix-Crossing in Neuronal Dynamics ▶     Longfei Wang, Hengtong Wang, Lianchun Yu et al.     The threshold voltage for action potential generation is a key regulator of neuronal signal processing, yet the mechanism of its dynamic variation is still not well described. In …             Dual anti-idiotypic purification of a novel, native-format biparatopic anti-MET antibody with improved in vitro and in vivo efficacy ▶     Marie Godar, Virginia Morello, Ava Sadi et al.     Bispecific antibodies are of great interest due to their ability to simultaneously bind and engage different antigens or epitopes. Nevertheless, it remains a challenge to …             Corrigendum: A new live-cell reporter strategy to simultaneously monitor mitochondrial biogenesis and morphology ▶     Linn Iren Hodneland Nilsson, Ina Katrine Nitschke Pettersen, Julie Nikolaisen et al.                 Fine needle aspirate flow cytometric phenotyping characterizes immunosuppressive nature of the mesothelioma microenvironment ▶     Patrick H. Lizotte, Robert E. Jones, Lauren Keogh et al.     With the emergence of checkpoint blockade and other immunotherapeutic drugs, and the growing adoption of smaller, more flexible adaptive clinical trial designs, there is an unmet …             Corrigendum: Changing pattern in the basal ganglia: motor switching under reduced dopaminergic drive ▶     Vincenzo G. Fiore, Francesco Rigoli, Max-Philipp Stenner et al.                 In vitro comparative studies of resveratrol and triacetylresveratrol on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and STAT3 and NFκB signaling in pancreatic cancer cells ▶     JingJing Duan, Wen Yue, JianYu E et al.     Resveratrol (RES) has been studied extensively as an anticancer agent. However, the anticancer effects of triacetylresveratrol (TRES, an acetylated analog of RES) which has …             A specific flagellum beating mode for inducing fusion in mammalian fertilization and kinetics of sperm internalization ▶     Benjamin Ravaux, Nabil Garroum, Eric Perez et al.     The salient phases of fertilization are gamete adhesion, membrane fusion, and internalization of the spermatozoon into the oocyte but the precise timeline and the molecular, …             Glucosidase II β-subunit, a novel substrate for caspase-3-like activity in rice, plays as a molecular switch between autophagy and programmed cell death ▶     Jing Cui, Bing Chen, Hongjuan Wang et al.     Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress activates unfolded protein response (UPR) and autophagy. However, prolonged, severe stresses activate programmed cell death (PCD) in both animal …             Maintenance of electrostatic stabilization in altered tubulin lateral contacts may facilitate formation of helical filaments in foraminifera ▶     David M. Bassen, Yubo Hou, Samuel S. Bowser et al.     Microtubules in foraminiferan protists (forams) can convert into helical filament structures, in which longitudinal intraprotofilament interactions between tubulin heterodimers …             Cellular growth defects triggered by an overload of protein localization processes ▶     Reiko Kintaka, Koji Makanae, Hisao Moriya     High-level expression of a protein localized to an intracellular compartment is expected to cause cellular defects because it overloads localization processes. However, overloads …             Corrigendum: Sex differences in neural and behavioral signatures of cooperation revealed by fNIRS hyperscanning ▶     Joseph M. Baker, Ning Liu, Xu Cui et al.                 Set3 contributes to heterochromatin integrity by promoting transcription of subunits of Clr4-Rik1-Cul4 histone methyltransferase complex in fission yeast ▶     Yao Yu, Huan Zhou, Xiaolong Deng et al.     Heterochromatin formation in fission yeast depends on RNAi machinery and histone-modifying enzymes. One of the key histone-modifying complexes is Clr4-Rik1-Cul4 methyltransferase …             Organotypic culture in three dimensions prevents radiation-induced transformation in human lung epithelial cells ▶     Mariam El-Ashmawy, Melissa Coquelin, Krishna Luitel et al.     The effects of radiation in two-dimensional (2D) cell culture conditions may not recapitulate tissue responses as modeled in three-dimensional (3D) organotypic culture. In this …             Markov models of the apo-MDM2 lid region reveal diffuse yet two-state binding dynamics and receptor poses for computational docking ▶     Sudipto Mukherjee, George A. Pantelopulos, Vincent A. Voelz     MDM2 is a negative regulator of p53 activity and an important target for cancer therapeutics. The N-terminal lid region of MDM2 modulates interactions with p53 via competition …             Function of high-mobility group A proteins in the DNA damage signaling for the induction of apoptosis ▶     Ryosuke Fujikane, Kayoko Komori, Mutsuo Sekiguchi et al.     O6-Methylguanine produced in DNA can pair with thymine during DNA replication, thus leading to a G-to-A transition mutation. To prevent such outcomes, cells harboring O6…             Solid-state NMR characterization of amphomycin effects on peptidoglycan and wall teichoic acid biosyntheses in Staphylococcus aureus ▶     Manmilan Singh, James Chang, Lauryn Coffman et al.     Amphomycin and MX-2401 are cyclic lipopeptides exhibiting bactericidal activities against Gram-positive pathogens. Amphomycin and MX-2401 share structural similarities with …             CaM/BAG5/Hsc70 signaling complex dynamically regulates leaf senescence ▶     Luhua Li, Yangfei Xing, Dong Chang et al.     Calcium signaling plays an essential role in plant cell physiology, and chaperone-mediated protein folding directly regulates plant programmed cell death. The Arabidopsis thaliana…             Nematicidal spore-forming Bacilli share similar virulence factors and mechanisms ▶     Ziqiang Zheng, Jinshui Zheng, Zhengming Zhang et al.     In the soil environment, Bacilli can affect nematode development, fecundity and survival. However, although many Bacillus species can kill nematodes, the virulence mechanisms …             Intravital assessment of myelin molecular order with polarimetric multiphoton microscopy ▶     Raphaël Turcotte, Danette J. Rutledge, Erik Bélanger et al.     Myelin plays an essential role in the nervous system and its disruption in diseases such as multiple sclerosis may lead to neuronal death, thus causing irreversible functional …             Corrigendum: The adipokine lipocalin-2 in the context of the osteoarthritic osteochondral junction ▶     Amanda Villalvilla, Adela García-Martín, Raquel Largo et al.                 SGO1 is involved in the DNA damage response in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cells ▶     Yuko Murakami-Tonami, Haruna Ikeda, Ryota Yamagishi et al.     Shugoshin 1 (SGO1) is required for accurate chromosome segregation during mitosis and meiosis; however, its other functions, especially at interphase, are not clearly understood. …             Generation of a novel transgenic rat model for tracing extracellular vesicles in body fluids ▶     Aya Yoshimura, Masaki Kawamata, Yusuke Yoshioka et al.     Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an important role in the transfer of biomolecules between cells. To elucidate the intercellular transfer fate of EVs in vivo, we generated a new …             Model-based action planning involves cortico-cerebellar and basal ganglia networks ▶     Alan S. R. Fermin, Takehiko Yoshida, Junichiro Yoshimoto et al.     Humans can select actions by learning, planning, or retrieving motor memories. Reinforcement Learning (RL) associates these processes with three major classes of strategies for …             Parkinson disease-linked GBA mutation effects reversed by molecular chaperones in human cell and fly models ▶     Alvaro Sanchez-Martinez, Michelle Beavan, Matthew E. Gegg et al.     GBA gene mutations are the greatest cause of Parkinson disease (PD). GBA encodes the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GCase) but the mechanisms by which loss of GCase …             Corrigendum: A Two-Year Treatment of Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment using a Compound Chinese Medicine: A Placebo Controlled Randomized Trial ▶     Junying Zhang, Zhen Liu, Huamin Zhang et al.                 Erratum: Image Quality Ranking Method for Microscopy ▶     Sami Koho, Elnaz Fazeli, John E. Eriksson et al.                 Corrigendum: Beyond the brain-Peripheral kisspeptin signaling is essential for promoting endometrial gland development and function ▶     Silvia León, Daniela Fernandois, Alexandra Sull et al.                 Creation of an engineered APC system to explore and optimize the presentation of immunodominant peptides of major allergens ▶     Sandra Rosskopf, Sabrina Jutz, Alina Neunkirchner et al.     We have generated engineered APC to present immunodominant peptides derived from the major aero-allergens of birch and mugwort pollen, Bet v 1142–153 and Art v 125–36, …             Two proteolytic fragments of menin coordinate the nuclear transcription and postsynaptic clustering of neurotransmitter receptors during synaptogenesis between Lymnaea neurons ▶     Angela M. Getz, Frank Visser, Erin M. Bell et al.     Synapse formation and plasticity depend on nuclear transcription and site-specific protein targeting, but the molecular mechanisms that coordinate these steps have not been well …             A transcriptomic analysis of the effect of genistein on Sinorhizobium fredii HH103 reveals novel rhizobial genes putatively involved in symbiosis ▶     F. Pérez-Montaño, I. Jiménez-Guerrero, S. Acosta-Jurado et al.     Sinorhizobium fredii HH103 is a rhizobial soybean symbiont that exhibits an extremely broad host-range. Flavonoids exuded by legume roots induce the expression of rhizobial …             Genome-wide Expression Analysis and Metabolite Profiling Elucidate Transcriptional Regulation of Flavonoid Biosynthesis and Modulation under Abiotic Stresses in Banana ▶     Ashutosh Pandey, Anshu Alok, Deepika Lakhwani et al.     Flavonoid biosynthesis is largely regulated at the transcriptional level due to the modulated expression of genes related to the phenylpropanoid pathway in plants. Although …             A calcium sensor – protein kinase signaling module diversified in plants and is retained in all lineages of Bikonta species ▶     Linda Beckmann, Kai H. Edel, Oliver Batistič et al.     Calcium (Ca2+) signaling is a universal mechanism of signal transduction and involves Ca2+ signal formation and decoding of information by Ca2+ binding proteins. Calcineurin …             Paternal chronic colitis causes epigenetic inheritance of susceptibility to colitis ▶     Markus Tschurtschenthaler, Priyadarshini Kachroo, Femke-Anouska Heinsen et al.     Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) arises by unknown environmental triggers in genetically susceptible individuals. Epigenetic regulation of gene expression may integrate internal …             Transcriptome response of cassava leaves under natural shade ▶     Zehong Ding, Yang Zhang, Yi Xiao et al.     Cassava is an important staple crop in tropical and sub-tropical areas. As a common farming practice, cassava is usually cultivated intercropping with other crops and subjected …             Microbial Cryptotopes are Prominent Targets of B-cell Immunity ▶     Franz J. J. Rieder, Julia Biebl, Marie-Theres Kastner et al.     B-cell recognition of microbial antigens may be limited by masking of epitopes within three-dimensional structures (cryptotopes). Here we report that unmasking of cryptotopes by …             Simulated leakage of high pCO2 water negatively impacts bivalve dominated infaunal communities from the Western Baltic Sea ▶     Hanna Schade, Lisa Mevenkamp, Katja Guilini et al.     Carbon capture and storage is promoted as a mitigation method counteracting the increase of atmospheric CO2 levels. However, at this stage, environmental consequences of …             Heterogeneous Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS modulates immuno-inflammatory response, antioxidant defense and cytoskeletal dynamics in human gingival fibroblasts ▶     Thanuja D. K. Herath, Richard P. Darveau, Chaminda J. Seneviratne et al.     Periodontal (gum) disease is a highly prevalent infection and inflammation accounting for the majority of tooth loss in adult population worldwide. Porphyromonas gingivalis is a …             Curcumin suppresses NTHi-induced CXCL5 expression via inhibition of positive IKKβ pathway and up-regulation of negative MKP-1 pathway ▶     Anuhya S. Konduru, Byung-Cheol Lee, Jian-Dong Li     Otitis media (OM) is the most common childhood bacterial infection, and leading cause of conductive hearing loss. Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is a major bacterial …             Identification of salivary metabolomic biomarkers for oral cancer screening ▶     Shigeo Ishikawa, Masahiro Sugimoto, Kenichiro Kitabatake et al.     The objective of this study was to explore salivary metabolite biomarkers by profiling both saliva and tumor tissue samples for oral cancer screening. Paired tumor and control …             Nerve Growth Factor Secretion From Pulp Fibroblasts is Modulated by Complement C5a Receptor and Implied in Neurite Outgrowth ▶     Fanny Chmilewsky, Warda Ayaz, James Appiah et al.     Given the importance of sensory innervation in tooth vitality, the identification of signals that control nerve regeneration and the cellular events they induce is essential. …             Comprehensive Assessment of the Association between FCGRs polymorphisms and the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus: Evidence from a Meta-Analysis ▶     Xiao-Wei Zhu, Yong Wang, Yi-Hua Wei et al.     We performed a meta analysis to assess the relationship of FCGRs polymorphisms with the risk of SLE. Thirty-five articles (including up to 5741 cases and 6530 controls) were …             Passive Transfer of A Germline-like Neutralizing Human Monoclonal Antibody Protects Transgenic Mice Against Lethal Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection ▶     Anurodh Shankar Agrawal, Tianlei Ying, Xinrong Tao et al.     Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has repeatedly caused outbreaks in the Arabian Peninsula. To date, no approved medical countermeasures (MCM) are available …             Example study for granular bioreactor stratification: Three-dimensional evaluation of a sulfate-reducing granular bioreactor ▶     Tian-wei Hao, Jing-hai Luo, Kui-zu Su et al.     Recently, sulfate-reducing granular sludge has been developed for application in sulfate-laden water and wastewater treatment. However, little is known about biomass …             Ichnological evidence of Megalosaurid Dinosaurs Crossing Middle Jurassic Tidal Flats ▶     Novella L. Razzolini, Oriol Oms, Diego Castanera et al.     A new dinosaur tracksite in the Vale de Meios quarry (Serra de Aire Formation, Bathonian, Portugal)preserves more than 700 theropod tracks. They are organized in at least 80 …             Silicon Nitride: A Synthetic Mineral for Vertebrate Biology ▶     Giuseppe Pezzotti, Bryan J. McEntire, Ryan Bock et al.     The remarkable stoichiometric flexibility of hydroxyapatite (HAp) enables the formation of a variety of charged structural sites at the material’s surface which facilitates bone …             hCG-induced Sprouty2 mediates amphiregulin-stimulated COX-2/PGE2 up-regulation in human granulosa cells: a potential mechanism for the OHSS ▶     Jung-Chien Cheng, Lanlan Fang, Hsun-Ming Chang et al.     Sprouty2 (SPRY2) is an important intracellular regulator for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mediated ERK1/2 signaling. In human granulosa cells, although SPRY2 is …             The inhibition of EZH2 ameliorates osteoarthritis development through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway ▶     Linwei Chen, Yaosen Wu, Yan Wu et al.     The purpose of our study was to elucidate the role of the histone methyltransferase enhancer of zeste homologue 2 (EZH2) in the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA) and to …             The Switch in a Genetic Toggle System with Lévy Noise ▶     Yong Xu, Yongge Li, Hao Zhang et al.     A bistable toggle switch is a paradigmatic model in the field of biology. The dynamics of the system induced by Gaussian noise has been intensively investigated, but Gaussian …             A regulatory loop between miR-132 and miR-125b involved in gonadotrope cells desensitization to GnRH ▶     Jérôme Lannes, David L’hôte, Ambra Fernandez-Vega et al.     The GnRH neurohormone is the main activator of the pituitary gonadotropins, LH and FSH. Here we investigated the contribution of microRNAs in mediating GnRH activation. We first …             S100A12 is up-regulated in pulmonary tuberculosis and predicts the extent of alveolar infiltration on chest radiography: an observational study ▶     Luis C. Berrocal-Almanza, Surabhi Goyal, Abid Hussain et al.     Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) results in lung functional impairment and there are no surrogate markers to monitor the extent of lung involvement. We investigated the clinical …             Toxicology Study of Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes and Reduced Graphene Oxide in Human Sperm ▶     Waseem Asghar, Hadi Shafiee, Vanessa Velasco et al.     Carbon-based nanomaterials such as single-walled carbon nanotubes and reduced graphene oxide are currently being evaluated for biomedical applications including in vivo drug …             Head movement, an important contributor to human cerebrospinal fluid circulation ▶     Qiang Xu, Sheng-Bo Yu, Nan Zheng et al.     The suboccipital muscles are connected to the upper cervical spinal dura mater via the myodural bridges (MDBs). Recently, it was suggested that they might work as a pump to …             Spherical nucleic acid targeting microRNA-99b enhances intestinal MFG-E8 gene expression and restores enterocyte migration in lipopolysaccharide-induced septic mice ▶     Xiao Wang, Liangliang Hao, Heng-Fu Bu et al.     Milk fat globule-EGF factor 8 (MFG-E8) maintains the intestinal homeostasis by enhancing enterocyte migration and attenuating inflammation. We previously reported that sepsis is …             Mesp1 Marked Cardiac Progenitor Cells Repair Infarcted Mouse Hearts ▶     Yu Liu, Li Chen, Andrea Diaz Diaz et al.     Mesp1 directs multipotential cardiovascular cell fates, even though it’s transiently induced prior to the appearance of the cardiac progenitor program. Tracing Mesp1-expressing …             The antinociception of oxytocin on colonic hypersensitivity in rats was mediated by inhibition of mast cell degranulation via Ca2+-NOS pathway ▶     Liping Gong, Jing Li, Yan Tang et al.     This study was conducted to investigate the effects of oxytocin (OT) on visceral hypersensitivity/pain and mast cell degranulation and the underlying mechanisms. We found that …             pH drop impacts differentially skin and gut microbiota of the Amazonian fish tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) ▶     François-Étienne Sylvain, Bachar Cheaib, Martin Llewellyn et al.     Aquatic organisms are increasingly exposed to lowering of environmental pH due to anthropogenic pressure (e.g. acid rain, acid mine drainages). Such acute variations trigger …             Eliciting the Functional Taxonomy from protein annotations and taxa ▶     Marco Falda, Enrico Lavezzo, Paolo Fontana et al.     The advances of omics technologies have triggered the production of an enormous volume of data coming from thousands of species. Meanwhile, joint international efforts like the …             Monocular and Binocular Contributions to Oculomotor Plasticity ▶     Guido Maiello, William J. Harrison, Peter J. Bex     Most eye movements in the real-world redirect the foveae to objects at a new depth and thus require the co-ordination of monocular saccade amplitudes and binocular vergence eye …             High gene flow between alternative morphs and the evolutionary persistence of facultative paedomorphosis ▶     Neus Oromi, Johan Michaux, Mathieu Denoël     Paedomorphosis and metamorphosis are two major developmental processes that characterize the evolution of complex life cycles in many lineages. Whereas these processes were fixed …             Cholesterol-dependent Conformational Plasticity in GPCR Dimers ▶     Xavier Prasanna, Durba Sengupta, Amitabha Chattopadhyay     The organization and function of the serotonin1A receptor, an important member of the GPCR family, have been shown to be cholesterol-dependent, although the molecular mechanism …             Systematic analysis of the regulatory functions of microRNAs in chicken hepatic lipid metabolism ▶     Hong Li, Zheng Ma, Lijuan Jia et al.     Laying performance is an important economic trait in hens, and this physiological process is largely influenced by the liver function. The livers of hens at 20- and 30-week-old …             Identification and characterization of chromosomal relBE toxin-antitoxin locus in Streptomyces cattleya DSM46488 ▶     Peng Li, Cui Tai, Zixin Deng et al.     The relBE family of Type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems have been widely reported in bacteria but none in Streptomyces. With the conserved domain searches for TA pairs in the …             Specific polyunsaturated fatty acids modulate lipid delivery and oocyte development in C. elegans revealed by molecular-selective label-free imaging ▶     Wei-Wen Chen, Yung-Hsiang Yi, Cheng-Hao Chien et al.     Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) exhibit critical functions in biological systems and their importance during animal oocyte maturation has been increasingly recognized. …             A whole mitochondria analysis of the Tyrolean Iceman’s leather provides insights into the animal sources of Copper Age clothing ▶     Niall J. O’Sullivan, Matthew D. Teasdale, Valeria Mattiangeli et al.     The attire of the Tyrolean Iceman, a 5,300-year-old natural mummy from the Ötzal Italian Alps, provides a surviving example of ancient manufacturing technologies. Research into …             Symplasmata are a clonal, conditional, and reversible type of bacterial multicellularity ▶     Robin Tecon, Johan H. J. Leveau     Microorganisms are capable of remarkable social behaviours, such as forming transient multicellular assemblages with properties and adaptive abilities exceeding those of …             GalaxyRefineComplex: Refinement of protein-protein complex model structures driven by interface repacking ▶     Lim Heo, Hasup Lee, Chaok Seok     Protein-protein docking methods have been widely used to gain an atomic-level understanding of protein interactions. However, docking methods that employ low-resolution energy …             Dapagliflozin stimulates glucagon secretion at high glucose: experiments and mathematical simulations of human A-cells ▶     Morten Gram Pedersen, Ingela Ahlstedt, Mickaël F. El Hachmane et al.     Glucagon is one of the main regulators of blood glucose levels and dysfunctional stimulus secretion coupling in pancreatic A-cells is believed to be an important factor during …             Defaunation leads to microevolutionary changes in a tropical palm ▶     Carolina S. Carvalho, Mauro Galetti, Rosane G. Colevatti et al.     Many large species have declined worldwide due to habitat fragmentation and poaching. The defaunation of large frugivores and the consequent reductions of seed dispersal services …             Increasing returns to scale: The solution to the second-order social dilemma ▶     Hang Ye, Shu Chen, Jun Luo et al.     Humans benefit from extensive cooperation; however, the existence of free-riders may cause cooperation to collapse. This is called the social dilemma. It has been shown that …             Synaptic plasticity and neuronal refractory time cause scaling behaviour of neuronal avalanches ▶     L. Michiels van Kessenich, L. de Arcangelis, H. J. Herrmann     Neuronal avalanches measured in vitro and in vivo in different cortical networks consistently exhibit power law behaviour for the size and duration distributions with exponents …             Improved variants of SrtA for site-specific conjugation on antibodies and proteins with high efficiency ▶     Long Chen, Justin Cohen, Xiaoda Song et al.     Sortase mediated ligation is a highly specific platform for conjugation that relies on the specificity of the transpeptidase Sortase A (SrtA) for short peptide sequences (LPXTG …             The anti-inflammatory properties of Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad essential oil attenuate the effects of traumatic brain injuries in rats ▶     Elham Abbasloo, Fatemeh Dehghan, Mohammad Khaksari et al.     Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major health concern affecting the general public as well as military personnel. However, there is no FDA-approved therapy for the treatment of …             HIV and Cocaine Impact Glial Metabolism: Energy Sensor AMP-activated protein kinase Role in Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Epigenetic Remodeling ▶     Thangavel Samikkannu, Venkata S. R. Atluri, Madhavan P. N. Nair     HIV infection and cocaine use have been identified as risk factors for triggering neuronal dysfunction. In the central nervous system (CNS), energy resource and metabolic …             Activity in superior parietal cortex during training by observation predicts asymmetric learning levels across hands ▶     Ori Ossmy, Roy Mukamel     A dominant concept in motor cognition associates action observation with motor control. Previous studies have shown that passive action observation can result in significant …             The role of doxycycline in the therapy of multidrug-resistant E. coli – an in vitro study ▶     Chih-Cheng Lai, Chi-Chung Chen, Hui-Ling Huang et al.     This study assessed the in vitro antibacterial activity of combinations of amikacin and doxycycline or tigecycline against multidrug-resistant E. coli isolates. Twenty-four …             Denning habits of free-ranging dogs reveal preference for human proximity ▶     Sreejani Sen Majumder, Manabi Paul, Shubhra Sau et al.     Dens are crucial in the early development of many mammals, making den site selection an important component of parental care in such species. Resource availability and shelter …             The Q-rich/PST domain of the AHR regulates both ligand-induced nuclear transport and nucleocytoplasmic shuttling ▶     Anna Tkachenko, Frank Henkler, Joep Brinkmann et al.     The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) shuttles continuously between cytoplasm and nucleus, unless ligand-binding triggers association with the AHR nuclear translocator (ARNT) and …             Determinants of immigration strategies in male crested macaques (Macaca nigra) ▶     Pascal R. Marty, Keith Hodges, Muhammad Agil et al.     Immigration into a new group can produce substantial costs due to resistance from residents, but also reproductive benefits. Whether or not individuals base their immigration …             How the brain prevents a second error in a perceptual decision-making task ▶     Rinaldo Livio Perri, Marika Berchicci, Giuliana Lucci et al.     In cognitive tasks, error commission is usually followed by a performance characterized by post-error slowing (PES) and post-error improvement of accuracy (PIA). Three …             Traffic noise reduces foraging efficiency in wild owls ▶     Masayuki Senzaki, Yuichi Yamaura, Clinton D. Francis et al.     Anthropogenic noise has been increasing globally. Laboratory experiments suggest that noise disrupts foraging behavior across a range of species, but to reveal the full impacts …             Probing the Fractal Pattern of Heartbeats in Drosophila Pupae by Visible Optical Recording System ▶     Chen Lin, Yi-Chung Chang, Ya-Chen Cheng et al.     Judiciously tuning heart rates is critical for regular cardiovascular function. The fractal pattern of heartbeats — a multiscale regulation in instantaneous fluctuations — is …             Absence of food alternatives promotes risk-prone feeding of unpalatable substances in honey bees ▶     Lucie Desmedt, Lucie Hotier, Martin Giurfa et al.     The question of why animals sometimes ingest noxious substances is crucial to understand unknown determinants of feeding behaviour. Research on risk-prone feeding behaviour has …             A simple non-perturbing cell migration assay insensitive to proliferation effects ▶     Honor L. Glenn, Jacob Messner, Deirdre R. Meldrum     Migration is a fundamental cellular behavior that plays an indispensable role in development and homeostasis, but can also contribute to pathology such as cancer metastasis. Due …             Detecting a hierarchical genetic population structure via Multi-InDel markers on the X chromosome ▶     Guang Yao Fan, Yi Ye, Yi Ping Hou     Detecting population structure and estimating individual biogeographical ancestry are very important in population genetics studies, biomedical research and forensics. …             Direct visualization of both DNA and RNA quadruplexes in human cells via an uncommon spectroscopic method ▶     Aurélien Laguerre, Judy M. Y. Wong, David Monchaud     Guanine-rich DNA or RNA sequences can fold into higher-order, four-stranded structures termed quadruplexes that are suspected to play pivotal roles in cellular mechanisms …             Dynamics of the formation of a hydrogel by a pathogenic amyloid peptide: islet amyloid polypeptide ▶     Létitia Jean, Chiu Fan Lee, Peter Hodder et al.     Many chronic degenerative diseases result from aggregation of misfolded polypeptides to form amyloids. Many amyloidogenic polypeptides are surfactants and their assembly can be …             Spatiotemporal structure of intracranial electric fields induced by transcranial electric stimulation in humans and nonhuman primates ▶     Alexander Opitz, Arnaud Falchier, Chao-Gan Yan et al.     Transcranial electric stimulation (TES) is an emerging technique, developed to non-invasively modulate brain function. However, the spatiotemporal distribution of the …             Idiosyncratic responses of evergreen broad-leaved forest constituents in China to the late Quaternary climate changes ▶     Dengmei Fan, Wan Hu, Bo Li et al.     Subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest (EBLF) is one of the most important vegetation types in China. Inferences from palaeo-biome reconstruction (PBR) and phylogeography …             MASP-3 is the exclusive pro-factor D activator in resting blood: the lectin and the alternative complement pathways are fundamentally linked ▶     József Dobó, Dávid Szakács, Gábor Oroszlán et al.     MASP-3 was discovered 15 years ago as the third mannan-binding lectin (MBL)-associated serine protease of the complement lectin pathway. Lacking any verified substrate its role …             Post-Testicular Sperm Maturation: Centriole Pairs, Found in Upper Epididymis, are Destroyed Prior to Sperm’s Release at Ejaculation ▶     C. Simerly, C. Castro, C. Hartnett et al.     The fertilizing sperm’s lengthiest unchartered voyage is through the longest, least-investigated organ in a man’s body – the Epididymis. Over six meters long in men, ~80 meters …             Mfn2 is Required for Mitochondrial Development and Synapse Formation in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/hiPSC Derived Cortical Neurons ▶     Du Fang, Shijun Yan, Qing Yu et al.     Mitochondria are essential dynamic organelles for energy production. Mitochondria dynamically change their shapes tightly coupled to fission and fusion. Imbalance of fission and …             Distinguishing autocrine and paracrine signals in hematopoietic stem cell culture using a biofunctional microcavity platform ▶     Eike Müller, Weijia Wang, Wenlian Qiao et al.     Homeostasis of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) in the mammalian bone marrow stem cell niche is regulated by signals of the local microenvironment. Besides juxtacrine, endocrine …             CsPAO4 of Citrus sinensis functions in polyamine terminal catabolism and inhibits plant growth under salt stress ▶     Wei Wang, Ji-Hong Liu     Polyamine oxidase (PAO) is a key enzyme catalyzing polyamine catabolism leading to H2O2 production. We previously demonstrated that Citrus sinensis contains six putative PAO …             Endosome-mediated endocytic mechanism replenishes the majority of synaptic vesicles at mature CNS synapses in an activity-dependent manner ▶     Joohyun Park, Oh Yeon Cho, Jung Ah Kim et al.     Whether synaptic vesicles (SVs) are recovered via endosome-mediated pathways is a matter of debate; however, recent evidence suggests that clathrin-independent bulk endocytosis …             Sol narae (Sona) is a Drosophila ADAMTS involved in Wg signaling ▶     Go-Woon Kim, Jong-Hoon Won, Ok-Kyung Lee et al.     ADAMTS (a disintegrin and metalloproteases with thrombospondin motif) family consists of secreted proteases, and is shown to cleave extracellular matrix proteins. Their …             Single molecule super-resolution imaging of proteins in living Salmonella enterica using self-labelling enzymes ▶     Britta Barlag, Oliver Beutel, Dennis Janning et al.     The investigation of the subcellular localization, dynamics and interaction of proteins and protein complexes in prokaryotes is complicated by the small size of the cells. …             15-Lipoxygenase metabolites of α-linolenic acid, [13-(S)-HPOTrE and 13-(S)-HOTrE], mediate anti-inflammatory effects by inactivating NLRP3 inflammasome ▶     Naresh Kumar, Geetika Gupta, Kotha Anilkumar et al.     The ratio of ω-6 to ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) appears to be critical in the regulation of various pathophysiological processes and to maintain cellular homeostasis. …             The modulation of MiR-155 and MiR-23a manipulates Klebsiella pneumoniae Adhesion on Human pulmonary Epithelial cells via Integrin α5β1 Signaling ▶     Yan Teng, Junming Miao, Xiaofei Shen et al.     Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) critically regulate several host defense mechanisms, but their roles in the bacteria-epithelium interplay remain unclear. Our results displayed that the …             A plasmonic colorimetric strategy for visual miRNA detection based on hybridization chain reaction ▶     Jie Miao, Jingsheng Wang, Jinyang Guo et al.     In this work, a novel colorimetric strategy for miRNA analysis is proposed based on hybridization chain reaction (HCR)-mediated localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) …             Isolation and characterization of vesicular and non-vesicular microRNAs circulating in sera of partially hepatectomized rats ▶     Mirco Castoldi, Claus Kordes, Iris Sawitza et al.     Circulating microRNAs are protected from degradation by their association with either vesicles or components of the RNAi machinery. Although increasing evidence indicates that …             Forest roadsides harbour less competitive habitats for a relict mountain plant (Pulsatilla vernalis) in lowlands ▶     Katarzyna M. Zielińska, Marcin Kiedrzyński, Andrzej Grzyl et al.     The long-term survival of relict populations depends on the accessibility of appropriate sites (microrefugia). In recent times, due to the mass extinction of rare species that …             Revisit the Correlation between the Elastic Mechanics and Fusion of Lipid Membranes ▶     Zih-An Fan, Kuan-Yu Tsang, Si-Han Chen et al.     Membrane fusion is a vital process in key cellular events. The fusion capability of a membrane depends on its elastic properties and varies with its lipid composition. It is …             Nanochips of Tantalum Oxide Nanodots as artificial-microenvironments for monitoring Ovarian cancer progressiveness ▶     Udesh Dhawan, Ssu-Meng Wang, Ying Hao Chu et al.     Nanotopography modulates cell characteristics and cell behavior. Nanotopological cues can be exploited to investigate the in-vivo modulation of cell characteristics by the …             Endovascular Electrodes for Electrical Stimulation of Blood Vessels for Vasoconstriction – a Finite Element Simulation Study ▶     Noa Kezurer, Nairouz Farah, Yossi Mandel     Hemorrhagic shock accounts for 30–40 percent of trauma mortality, as bleeding may sometimes be hard to control. Application of short electrical pulses on blood vessels was …             Endovascular ischemic stroke models of adult rhesus monkeys: a comparison of two endovascular methods ▶     Di Wu, Jian Chen, Bincheng Wang et al.     To further investigate and improve upon current stroke models in nonhuman primates, infarct size, neurologic function and survival were evaluated in two endovascular ischemic …             Expression-based GWAS identifies variants, gene interactions and key regulators affecting intramuscular fatty acid content and composition in porcine meat ▶     Anna Puig-Oliveras, Manuel Revilla, Anna Castelló et al.     The aim of this work is to better understand the genetic mechanisms determining two complex traits affecting porcine meat quality: intramuscular fat (IMF) content and its fatty …             HematoPorphyrin Monomethyl Ether polymer contrast agent for ultrasound/photoacoustic dual-modality imaging-guided synergistic high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) therapy ▶     Sijing Yan, Min LU, Xiaoya Ding et al.     This study is to prepare a hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME)-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microcapsules (HMME/PLGA), which could not only function as …             Influence of elevated-CRP level-related polymorphisms in non-rheumatic Caucasians on the risk of subclinical atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease in rheumatoid arthritis ▶     Raquel López-Mejías, Fernanda Genre, Sara Remuzgo-Martínez et al.     Association between elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) serum levels and subclinical atherosclerosis and cardiovascular (CV) events was described in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). CRP, …             Feasibility of urinary microRNA profiling detection in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and its potential as a non-invasive biomarker ▶     Li Ma, Xiao-Qing Zhang, Da-Xue Zhou et al.     Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP), a pregnancy-related liver disease, leads to complications for both mother and fetus. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as …             The Bama miniature swine is susceptible to experimental HEV infection ▶     Zi-Min Tang, Si-Ling Wang, Dong Ying et al.     The hepatitis E virus (HEV) is one of the main causes of enterically transmitted hepatitis worldwide. Although the mortality rates associated with HEV are generally low, they can …             The role of Rab6a and phosphorylation of non-muscle myosin IIA tailpiece in alcohol-induced Golgi disorganization ▶     Armen Petrosyan, Carol A. Casey, Pi-Wan Cheng     Abnormalities in the Golgi apparatus function are important to the development of alcoholic liver injury. We recently reported that Golgi disorganization in ethanol …             Mouse genotypes drive the liver and adrenal gland clocks ▶     Rok Košir, Uršula Prosenc Zmrzljak, Anja Korenčič et al.     Circadian rhythms regulate a plethora of physiological processes. Perturbations of the rhythm can result in pathologies which are frequently studied in inbred mouse strains. We …             Diabetic Risk Factors Promote Islet Amyloid Polypeptide Misfolding by a Common, Membrane-mediated Mechanism ▶     Alan K. Okada, Kazuki Teranishi, J. Mario Isas et al.     The current diabetes epidemic is associated with a diverse set of risk factors including obesity and exposure to plastics. Notably, significant elevations of negatively charged …             New evidence for grain specific C4 photosynthesis in wheat ▶     Parimalan Rangan, Agnelo Furtado, Robert J Henry     The C4 photosynthetic pathway evolved to allow efficient CO2 capture by plants where effective carbon supply may be limiting as in hot or dry environments, explaining the high …             Cellular adhesome screen identifies critical modulators of focal adhesion dynamics, cellular traction forces and cell migration behaviour ▶     Michiel Fokkelman, Hayri E. Balcıoğlu, Janna E. Klip et al.     Cancer cells migrate from the primary tumour into surrounding tissue in order to form metastasis. Cell migration is a highly complex process, which requires continuous …             CRISPR-PCS: a powerful new approach to inducing multiple chromosome splitting in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ▶     Yu Sasano, Koki Nagasawa, Saeed Kaboli et al.     PCR-mediated chromosome splitting (PCS) was developed in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is based on homologous recombination and enables division of a chromosome at any …             SNP-based high density genetic map and mapping of btwd1 dwarfing gene in barley ▶     Xifeng Ren, Jibin Wang, Lipan Liu et al.     A high-density linkage map is a valuable tool for functional genomics and breeding. A newly developed sequence-based marker technology, restriction site associated DNA (RAD) …             Beta-hemolytic Streptococcus dysgalactiae strains isolated from horses are a genetically distinct population within the Streptococcus dysgalactiae taxon ▶     Marcos D. Pinho, Erdal Erol, Bruno Ribeiro-Gonçalves et al.     The pathogenic role of beta-hemolytic Streptococcus dysgalactiae in the equine host is increasingly recognized. A collection of 108 Lancefield group C (n = 96) or L (n = 12) …             Simultaneous Evaluation of Life Cycle Dynamics between a Host Paramecium and the Endosymbionts of Paramecium bursaria Using Capillary Flow Cytometry ▶     Toshiyuki Takahashi     Endosymbioses are driving forces underlying cell evolution. The endosymbiosis exhibited by Paramecium bursaria is an excellent model with which to study symbiosis. A single-cell …             Queens become workers: pesticides alter caste differentiation in bees ▶     Charles F. dos Santos, André L. Acosta, Andressa L. Dorneles et al.     Bees are important for the world biodiversity and economy because they provide key pollination services in forests and crops. However, pesticide use in crops has adversely …             Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Modeling Studies of New Oxadiazole-Stilbene Hybrids against Phytopathogenic Fungi ▶     Weilin Jian, Daohang He, Shaoyun Song     Natural stilbenes (especially resveratrol) play important roles in plant protection by acting as both constitutive and inducible defenses. However, their exogenous applications …             Comparative Analysis of piggyBac, CRISPR/Cas9 and TALEN Mediated BAC Transgenesis in the Zygote for the Generation of Humanized SIRPA Rats ▶     Chris J. Jung, Séverine Ménoret, Lucas Brusselle et al.     BAC transgenic mammalian systems offer an important platform for recapitulating human gene expression and disease modeling. While the larger body mass, and greater genetic and …             Structural Investigation of Park’s Nucleotide on Bacterial Translocase MraY: Discovery of Unexpected MraY Inhibitors ▶     Kuo-Ting Chen, Po-Ting Chen, Cheng-Kun Lin et al.     Systematic structural modifications of the muramic acid, peptide, and nucleotide moieties of Park’s nucleotide were performed to investigate the substrate specificity of B. …             Reliability of the entomovector technology using Prestop-Mix and Bombus terrestris L. as a fungal disease biocontrol method in open field ▶     Reet Karise, Gerit Dreyersdorff, Mona Jahani et al.     Botrytis cinerea Pers.:Fr. is a major plant pathogen, and a new approach is needed for its control in strawberry to minimise the increasing use of synthetic fungicides. The …             Efficient Genome Editing in Apple Using a CRISPR/Cas9 system ▶     Chikako Nishitani, Narumi Hirai, Sadao Komori et al.     Genome editing is a powerful technique for genome modification in molecular research and crop breeding, and has the great advantage of imparting novel desired traits to genetic …             Ignavine: a novel allosteric modulator of the μ opioid receptor ▶     Katsuya Ohbuchi, Chika Miyagi, Yasuyuki Suzuki et al.     Processed Aconiti tuber (PAT) is used to treat pain associated with various disorders. Although it has been demonstrated that the κ opioid receptor (KOR) signaling pathway is a …             Systematic evaluation of sericin protein as a substitute for fetal bovine serum in cell culture ▶     Liyuan Liu, Jinhuan Wang, Shengchang Duan et al.     Fetal bovine serum (FBS) shows obvious deficiencies in cell culture, such as low batch to batch consistency, adventitious biological contaminant risk, and high cost, which …             The two chromosomes of the mitochondrial genome of a sugarcane cultivar: assembly and recombination analysis using long PacBio reads ▶     Jeremy R. Shearman, Chutima Sonthirod, Chaiwat Naktang et al.     Sugarcane accounts for a large portion of the worlds sugar production. Modern commercial cultivars are complex hybrids of S. officinarum and several other Saccharum species. …             Identifying the genetic diversity, genetic structure and a core collection of Ziziphus jujuba Mill. var. jujuba accessions using microsatellite markers ▶     Chaoqun Xu, Jiao Gao, Zengfeng Du et al.     Ziziphus is a genus of spiny shrubs and small trees in the Rhamnaceae family. This group has a controversial taxonomy, with more than 200 species described, including Chinese …             Antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory polyhydroxylated spirostanol saponins from Tupistra chinensis ▶     Limin Xiang, Xiaomin Yi, Yihai Wang et al.     Tupistra chinensis is widely distributed in southwestern China and its rhizome is a famous folk medicine for the treatment of carbuncles and pharyngitis. Its chemical identity of …             Imipenem represses CRISPR-Cas interference of DNA acquisition through H-NS stimulation in Klebsiella pneumoniae ▶     Tzu-Lung Lin, Yi-Jiun Pan, Pei-Fang Hsieh et al.     Analysis of the genome of Klebsiella pneumoniae NTUH-K2044 strain revealed the presence of two clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) arrays separated …             HHLA2, a member of the B7 family, is expressed in human osteosarcoma and is associated with metastases and worse survival ▶     Pratistha Koirala, Michael E. Roth, Jonathan Gill et al.     Over the past four decades there have been minimal improvements in outcomes for patients with osteosarcoma. New targets and novel therapies are needed to improve outcomes for …             Circulating Tumour Cells as an Independent Prognostic Factor in Patients with Advanced Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Undergoing Chemoradiotherapy ▶     Po-Jung Su, Min-Hsien Wu, Hung-Ming Wang et al.     The role of circulating tumour cells (CTCs) in advanced oesophageal cancer (EC) patients undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) remains uncertain. A negative selection …             Tolerance and responsive gene expression of Sogatella furcifera under extreme temperature stresses are altered by its vectored plant virus ▶     Donglin Xu, Ting Zhong, Wendi Feng et al.     Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV), a newly emerged fijivirus causing great loss to rice production in eastern and southeastern Asian countries in recent years, is …             Chlamydia Serine Protease Inhibitor, targeting HtrA, as a New Treatment for Koala Chlamydia infection ▶     Amba Lawrence, Tamieka Fraser, Amber Gillett et al.     The koala, an iconic marsupial native to Australia, is a threatened species in many parts of the country. One major factor in the decline is disease caused by infection with …             Cytoplasmic dynein binding, run length, and velocity are guided by long-range electrostatic interactions ▶     Lin Li, Joshua Alper, Emil Alexov     Dyneins are important molecular motors involved in many essential biological processes, including cargo transport along microtubules, mitosis, and in cilia. Dynein motility …             Inhibition of cytochrome P450 3A by acetoxylated analogues of resveratrol in in vitro and in silico models ▶     Loai Basheer, Keren Schultz, Zohar Kerem     Many dietary compounds, including resveratrol, are potent inhibitors of CYP3A4. Here we examined the potential to predict inhibition capacity of dietary polyphenolics using an in …             Use of slow-release plant infochemicals to control aphids: a first investigation in a Belgian wheat field ▶     Haibo Zhou, Longsheng Chen, Yong Liu et al.     Using infochemicals to develop a push–pull strategy in pest control is a potential way to promote sustainable crop production. Infochemicals from plant essential oils were mixed …             Functional characterization of a monoclonal antibody epitope using a lambda phage display-deep sequencing platform ▶     Maria Domina, Veronica Lanza Cariccio, Salvatore Benfatto et al.     We have recently described a method, named PROFILER, for the identification of antigenic regions preferentially targeted by polyclonal antibody responses after vaccination. To …             Measurement of Histone Methylation Dynamics by One-Carbon Metabolic Isotope Labeling and High-energy Collisional Dissociation Methylation Signature Ion Detection ▶     Hui Tang, Bing Tian, Allan R. Brasier et al.     Accumulating evidence suggests that cellular metabolites and nutrition levels control epigenetic modifications, including histone methylation. However, it is not currently …             Ocean acidification changes the male fitness landscape ▶     Anna L. Campbell, Don R. Levitan, David J. Hosken et al.     Sperm competition is extremely common in many ecologically important marine taxa. Ocean acidification (OA) is driving rapid changes to the marine environments in which freely …             Label-free detection of real-time DNA amplification using a nanofluidic diffraction grating ▶     Takao Yasui, Kensuke Ogawa, Noritada Kaji et al.     Quantitative DNA amplification using fluorescence labeling has played an important role in the recent, rapid progress of basic medical and molecular biological research. Here we …             Up- regulation of miR-328-3p sensitizes non-small cell lung cancer to radiotherapy ▶     Wei Ma, Chao-nan Ma, Nan-nan Zhou et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are believed to be resistant against radiotherapy in certain types of cancers. The aim of our study was to determine the clinical application of miRNAs in …             Recombinant adenovirus of human p66Shc inhibits MCF-7 cell proliferation ▶     Xiaoshan Yang, Rong Xu, Yajun Lin et al.     The aim of this work was to construct a human recombinant p66Shc adenovirus and to investigate the inhibition of recombinant p66Shc adenovirus on MCF-7 cells. The recombinant …             Feedback control of ErbB2 via ERK-mediated phosphorylation of a conserved threonine in the juxtamembrane domain ▶     Yuki Kawasaki, Ayaka Sakimura, Chul Min Park et al.     Tyrosine kinase activity of the asymmetric EGFR homodimer is negatively regulated via ERK-mediated phosphorylation of Thr-669 in the juxtamembrane domain. In the present study, …             Real-time application of the Rat Grimace Scale as a welfare refinement in laboratory rats ▶     Vivian Leung, Emily Zhang, Daniel SJ Pang     Rodent grimace scales have been recently validated for pain assessment, allowing evaluation of facial expressions associated with pain. The standard scoring method is …             Dairy Propionibacterium extends the mean lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans via activation of the innate immune system ▶     Gayeung Kwon, Jiyun Lee, Young-Hee Lim     Dairy Propionibacterium freudenreichii is a candidate non-lactic acid probiotic. However, little information is available on the effect of P. freudenreichii on lifespan extension …             The β-amyloid peptide compromises Reelin signaling in Alzheimer’s disease ▶     Inmaculada Cuchillo-Ibañez, Trinidad Mata-Balaguer, Valeria Balmaceda et al.     Reelin is a signaling protein that plays a crucial role in synaptic function, which expression is influenced by β-amyloid (Aβ). We show that Reelin and Aβ oligomers …             Green bean biofortification for Si through soilless cultivation: plant response and Si bioaccessibility in pods ▶     Francesco Fabiano Montesano, Massimiliano D’Imperio, Angelo Parente et al.     Food plants biofortification for micronutrients is a tool for the nutritional value improvement of food. Soilless cultivation systems, with the optimal control of plant …             Anti-RAINBOW dye-specific antibodies as universal tools for the visualization of prestained protein molecular weight markers in Western blot analysis ▶     Stefan Schüchner, Peter Andorfer, Ingrid Mudrak et al.     Western blotting is one of the most widely used techniques in molecular biology and biochemistry. Prestained proteins are used as molecular weight standards in protein …             CRISPR/Cas9 mediated genome editing in ES cells and its application for chimeric analysis in mice ▶     Asami Oji, Taichi Noda, Yoshitaka Fujihara et al.     Targeted gene disrupted mice can be efficiently generated by expressing a single guide RNA (sgRNA)/CAS9 complex in the zygote. However, the limited success of complicated genome …             Understanding the structural basis of substrate recognition by Plasmodium falciparum plasmepsin V to aid in the design of potent inhibitors ▶     Rajiv K. Bedi, Chandan Patel, Vandana Mishra et al.     Plasmodium falciparum plasmepsin V (PfPMV) is an essential aspartic protease required for parasite survival, thus, considered as a potential drug target. This study reports the …             The tetrameric MotA complex as the core of the flagellar motor stator from hyperthermophilic bacterium ▶     Norihiro Takekawa, Naoya Terahara, Takayuki Kato et al.     Rotation of bacterial flagellar motor is driven by the interaction between the stator and rotor, and the driving energy is supplied by ion influx through the stator channel. The …             Cell fusion as the formation mechanism of unreduced gametes in the gynogenetic diploid hybrid fish ▶     Jing Wang, Qingfeng Liu, Kaikun Luo et al.     The gynogenetic diploid hybrid clone line (GDH) derived from red crucian carp (♀ RCC) × common carp (♂ CC) possesses the unusual reproductive trait of producing unreduced diploid …             Integrated live imaging and molecular profiling of embryoid bodies reveals a synchronized progression of early differentiation ▶     Jonathan Boxman, Naor Sagy, Sirisha Achanta et al.     Embryonic stem cells can spontaneously differentiate into cell types of all germ layers within embryoid bodies (EBs) in a highly variable manner. Whether there exists an …             Immune tolerance to an intestine-adapted bacteria, Chryseobacterium sp., injected into the hemocoel of Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis ▶     Jiae Lee, Sejung Hwang, Saeyoull Cho     To explore the interaction of gut microbes and the host immune system, bacteria were isolated from the gut of Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis larvae. Chryseobacterium sp., …             Isozygous and selectable marker-free MSTN knockout cloned pigs generated by the combined use of CRISPR/Cas9 and Cre/LoxP ▶     Yanzhen Bi, Zaidong Hua, Ximei Liu et al.     Predictable, clean genetic modification (GM) in livestock is important for reliable phenotyping and biosafety. Here we reported the generation of isozygous, functional myostatin …             REST is a hypoxia-responsive transcriptional repressor ▶     Miguel A. S. Cavadas, Marion Mesnieres, Bianca Crifo et al.     Cellular exposure to hypoxia results in altered gene expression in a range of physiologic and pathophysiologic states. Discrete cohorts of genes can be either up- or …             Whole genome sequencing of a banana wild relative Musa itinerans provides insights into lineage-specific diversification of the Musa genus ▶     Wei Wu, Yu-Lan Yang, Wei-Ming He et al.     Crop wild relatives are valuable resources for future genetic improvement. Here, we report the de novo genome assembly of Musa itinerans, a disease-resistant wild banana relative …             Spatially governed climate factors dominate management in determining the quantity and distribution of soil organic carbon in dryland agricultural systems ▶     Frances C. Hoyle, Rebecca A. O’Leary, Daniel V. Murphy     Few studies describe the primary drivers influencing soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and the distribution of carbon (C) fractions in agricultural systems from semi-arid regions; …             The γ-Protocadherin-C3 isoform inhibits canonical Wnt signalling by binding to and stabilizing Axin1 at the membrane ▶     Kar Men Mah, Douglas W. Houston, Joshua A. Weiner     The 22 γ-Protocadherin (γ-Pcdh) adhesion molecules encoded by the Pcdhg gene cluster play critical roles in nervous system development, including regulation of dendrite …             Limited phosphorus availability is the Achilles heel of tropical reef corals in a warming ocean ▶     Leïla Ezzat, Jean-François Maguer, Renaud Grover et al.     During the 20th century, seawater temperatures have significantly increased, leading to profound alterations in biogeochemical cycles and ecosystem processes. Elevated …             Surface-anchored poly(acryloyl-L(D)-valine) with enhanced chirality-selective effect on cellular uptake of gold nanoparticles ▶     Jun Deng, Sai Wu, Mengyun Yao et al.     Chirality is one of the ubiquitous phenomena in biological systems. The left handed (L-) amino acids and right handed (D-) sugars are normally found in proteins, and in RNAs and …             In-depth phylogenetic analysis of hepatitis C virus subtype 1a and occurrence of 80K and associated polymorphisms in the NS3 protease ▶     André F. Santos, Gonzalo Bello, Luãnna L. Vidal et al.     HCV genetic diversity is high and impacts disease progression, treatment and drug resistance. HCV subtype 1a is divided in two clades (I and II), and the 80 K natural …             ELBW survivors in early adulthood have higher hepatic, pancreatic and subcutaneous fat ▶     Justin D. Crane, Samuel A. Yellin, Frank J. Ong et al.     Premature birth in conjunction with extremely low birth weight (<1 kg, ELBW) is associated with insulin resistance and increased cardiometabolic health risk compared to birth at …             Assessment of agglomeration, co-sedimentation and trophic transfer of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in a laboratory-scale predator-prey model system ▶     Govind Sharan Gupta, Ashutosh Kumar, Rishi Shanker et al.     Nano titanium dioxide (nTiO2) is the most abundantly released engineered nanomaterial (ENM) in aquatic environments. Therefore, it is prudent to assess its fate and its effects …             Safety and anti-hyperglycemic efficacy of various tea types in mice ▶     Manman Han, Guangshan Zhao, Yijun Wang et al.     Tea, a beverage consumed worldwide, has proven anti-hyperglycemic effects in animal models. Better efficacies of tea beverages are frequently associated with high-dose levels, …             Pathophysiology of the inner ear after blast injury caused by laser-induced shock wave ▶     Katsuki Niwa, Kunio Mizutari, Toshiyasu Matsui et al.     The ear is the organ that is most sensitive to blast overpressure, and ear damage is most frequently seen after blast exposure. Blast overpressure to the ear results in …             Serum pharmacodynamic biomarkers for chronic corticosteroid treatment of children ▶     Yetrib Hathout, Laurie S. Conklin, Haeri Seol et al.     Corticosteroids are extensively used in pediatrics, yet the burden of side effects is significant. Availability of a simple, fast, and reliable biochemical read out of steroidal …             DNMT1-PPARγ pathway in macrophages regulates chronic inflammation and atherosclerosis development in mice ▶     Jie Yu, Youzhu Qiu, Jie Yang et al.     The DNA methyltransferase-mediated proinflammatory activation of macrophages is causally linked to the development of atherosclerosis (AS). However, the role of DNMT1, a DNA …             Sorting protein decoys by machine-learning-to-rank ▶     Xiaoyang Jing, Kai Wang, Ruqian Lu et al.     Much progress has been made in Protein structure prediction during the last few decades. As the predicted models can span a broad range of accuracy spectrum, the accuracy of …             Analysis of Post-Traumatic Brain Injury Gene Expression Signature Reveals Tubulins, Nfe2l2, Nfkb, Cd44, and S100a4 as Treatment Targets ▶     Anssi Lipponen, Jussi Paananen, Noora Puhakka et al.     We aimed to define the chronically altered gene expression signature of traumatic brain injury (TBI-sig) to discover novel treatments to reverse pathologic gene expression or …             Resolving microbial membership using Abundance and Variability In Taxonomy (‘AVIT ) ▶     Anirikh Chakrabarti, Jay Siddharth, Christian L. Lauber et al.     Development of NGS has revolutionized the analysis in microbial ecology contributing to our deeper understanding of microbiota in health and disease. However, the quality, …             Targeted nanoconjugate co-delivering siRNA and tyrosine kinase inhibitor to KRAS mutant NSCLC dissociates GAB1-SHP2 post oncogene knockdown ▶     R. Srikar, Dhananjay Suresh, Ajit Zambre et al.     A tri-block nanoparticle (TBN) comprising of an enzymatically cleavable porous gelatin nanocore encapsulated with gefitinib (tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)) and surface …             Structural and functional characterization of endothelial microparticles released by cigarette smoke ▶     Karina A. Serban, Samin Rezania, Daniela N. Petrusca et al.     Circulating endothelial microparticles (EMPs) are emerging as biomarkers of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in individuals exposed to cigarette smoke (CS), but their …             Controlled release of liraglutide using thermogelling polymers in treatment of diabetes ▶     Yipei Chen, Yuzhuo Li, Wenjia Shen et al.     In treatment of diabetes, it is much desired in clinics and challenging in pharmaceutics and material science to set up a long-acting drug delivery system. This study was aimed …             De novo transcriptome assembly and analysis of differentially expressed genes of two barley genotypes reveal root-zone-specific responses to salt exposure ▶     Camilla Beate Hill, Andrew Cassin, Gabriel Keeble-Gagnère et al.     Plant roots are the first organs sensing and responding to salinity stress, manifested differentially between different root types, and also at the individual tissue and cellular …             MPT0G066, a novel anti-mitotic drug, induces JNK-independent mitotic arrest, JNK-mediated apoptosis, and potentiates antineoplastic effect of cisplatin in ovarian cancer ▶     Han-Li Huang, Min-Wu Chao, Ya-Chi Li et al.     Developing new anticancer agents against ovarian cancer is an urgent medical need. MPT0G066, a novel synthetic arylsulfonamide compound, was shown to inhibit cell growth and …             A self-enhanced transport mechanism through long noncoding RNAs for X chromosome inactivation ▶     Chunhe Li, Tian Hong, Chiu-Ho Webb et al.     X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) is the mammalian dosage compensation strategy for balancing sex chromosome content between females and males. While works exist on initiation of …             iFish: predicting the pathogenicity of human nonsynonymous variants using gene-specific/family-specific attributes and classifiers ▶     Meng Wang, Liping Wei     Accurate prediction of the pathogenicity of genomic variants, especially nonsynonymous single nucleotide variants (nsSNVs), is essential in biomedical research and clinical …             The use of DAPI fluorescence lifetime imaging for investigating chromatin condensation in human chromosomes ▶     Ana Katrina Estandarte, Stanley Botchway, Christophe Lynch et al.     Chromatin undergoes dramatic condensation and decondensation as cells transition between the different phases of the cell cycle. The organization of chromatin in chromosomes is …             Expanding the molecular toolkit for the homoacetogen Clostridium ljungdahlii ▶     Bastian Molitor, Kristina Kirchner, Alexander W. Henrich et al.     Increasing interest in homoacetogenic bacteria for the production of biochemicals and biofuels requisites the development of new genetic tools for these atypical production …             Molecular evolution of Wcor15 gene enhanced our understanding of the origin of A, B and D genomes in Triticum aestivum ▶     Fangfang Liu, Hongqi Si, Chengcheng Wang et al.     The allohexaploid bread wheat originally derived from three closely related species with A, B and D genome. Although numerous studies were performed to elucidate its origin and …             Social context affects tail displays by Phrynocephalus vlangalii lizards from China ▶     Richard A. Peters, Jose A. Ramos, Juan Hernandez et al.     Competition between animals for limited resources often involves signaling to establish ownership or dominance. In some species, the defended resource relates to suitable thermal …             Transcriptomic analysis of heteromorphic stamens in Cassia biscapsularis L. ▶     Zhonglai Luo, Jin Hu, Zhongtao Zhao et al.     Hermaphroditic flowers have evolved primarily under the selection on male function. Evolutionary modification often leads to stamen differentiation within flowers, or …             Penguins reduced olfactory receptor genes common to other waterbirds ▶     Qin Lu, Kai Wang, Fumin Lei et al.     The sense of smell, or olfaction, is fundamental in the life of animals. However, penguins (Aves: Sphenisciformes) possess relatively small olfactory bulbs compared with most …             Folding analysis of the most complex Stevedore’s protein knot ▶     Iren Wang, Szu-Yu Chen, Shang-Te Danny Hsu     DehI is a homodimeric haloacid dehalogenase from Pseudomonas putida that contains the most complex 61 Stevedore’s protein knot within its folding topology. To examine how DehI …             Selection of suitable reference genes for quantitative RT-PCR normalization in the halophyte Halostachys caspica under salt and drought stress ▶     Suwei Zhang, Youling Zeng, Xiaoya Yi et al.     The plants are always subjected to various environmental stress, because of plant sessile growth. qRT-PCR is a sensitive and reliable technology, and the normalization of target …             microRNA regulatory circuits in a mouse model of inherited retinal degeneration ▶     Arpad Palfi, Karsten Hokamp, Stefanie M. Hauck et al.     miRNA dysregulation is a hallmark of many neurodegenerative disorders, including those involving the retina. Up-regulation of miR-1/133 and miR-142, and down-regulation of …             Enhanced Cationic Charge is a Key Factor in Promoting Staphylocidal Activity of α-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone via Selective Lipid Affinity ▶     Jyotsna Singh, Seema Joshi, Sana Mumtaz et al.     The steady rise in antimicrobial resistance poses a severe threat to global public health by hindering treatment of an escalating spectrum of infections. We have previously …             Understanding the molecular basis of substrate binding specificity of PTB domains ▶     Neetu Sain, Garima Tiwari, Debasisa Mohanty     Protein-protein interactions mediated by phosphotyrosine binding (PTB) domains play a crucial role in various cellular processes. In order to understand the structural basis of …             Association of neuropeptide Y promoter polymorphism (rs16147) with perceived stress and cardiac vagal outflow in humans ▶     Hsin-An Chang, Wen-Hui Fang, Tieh-Ching Chang et al.     Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is involved in resilience to stress, and higher vagal (parasympathetic) activity has been associated with greater stress resilience. Thus, we examined …             Effects of moso bamboo encroachment into native, broad-leaved forests on soil carbon and nitrogen pools ▶     Shangbin Bai, Richard T. Conant, Guomo Zhou et al.     Across southern China, Moso bamboo has been encroaching on most neighboring secondary broad-leaved forests and/or coniferous plantations, leading to the land cover changes that …             TLR4-Upregulated IL-1β and IL-1RI Promote Alveolar Macrophage Pyroptosis and Lung Inflammation through an Autocrine Mechanism ▶     Xingying He, Yongbing Qian, Zhigang Li et al.     Acute lung injury (ALI) is a major component of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) following pulmonary infection. Alveolar macrophages (AM) are at the center of the …             Testing the Neutral Theory of Biodiversity with Human Microbiome Datasets ▶     Lianwei Li, Zhanshan (Sam) Ma     The human microbiome project (HMP) has made it possible to test important ecological theories for arguably the most important ecosystem to human health—the human microbiome. …             The ontogeny of Butyrophilin-like (Btnl) 1 and Btnl6 in murine small intestine ▶     Cristina Lebrero-Fernández, Anna Bas-Forsberg     Murine Butyrophilin-like (Btnl) 1 and Btnl6 are primarily restricted to intestinal epithelium where they regulate the function of intraepithelial T lymphocytes. We recently …             Common methods for fecal sample storage in field studies yield consistent signatures of individual identity in microbiome sequencing data ▶     Ran Blekhman, Karen Tang, Elizabeth A. Archie et al.     Field studies of wild vertebrates are frequently associated with extensive collections of banked fecal samples—unique resources for understanding ecological, behavioral, and …             Adipose- and muscle-derived Wnts trigger pancreatic β-cell adaptation to systemic insulin resistance ▶     Kamil Kozinski, Magdalena Jazurek, Pawel Dobrzyn et al.     Wnt signaling molecules are associated with obesity, hyperlipidemia, and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Here, we show that two Wnt proteins, WNT3a and WNT4, are specifically secreted by …             Premature changes in neuronal excitability account for hippocampal network impairment and autistic-like behavior in neonatal BTBR T+tf/J mice ▶     Giada Cellot, Laura Maggi, Maria Amalia Di Castro et al.     Coherent network oscillations (GDPs), generated in the immature hippocampus by the synergistic action of GABA and glutamate, both depolarizing and excitatory, play a key role in …             Distinct Roles of Histone H3 and H2A Tails in Nucleosome Stability ▶     Zhenhai Li, Hidetoshi Kono     Nucleosome breathing potentially increases the DNA exposure, which in turn recruits DNA-binding protein and regulates gene transcription. Numerous studies have shown the critical …             Binding site elucidation and structure guided design of macrocyclic IL-17A antagonists ▶     Shenping Liu, Leslie A. Dakin, Li Xing et al.     Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) is a principal driver of multiple inflammatory and immune disorders. Antibodies that neutralize IL-17A or its receptor (IL-17RA) deliver efficacy in …             Ribonuclease 5 facilitates corneal endothelial wound healing via activation of PI3-kinase/Akt pathway ▶     Kyoung Woo Kim, Soo Hyun Park, Soo Jin Lee et al.     To maintain corneal transparency, corneal endothelial cells (CECs) exert a pump function against aqueous inflow. However, human CECs are arrested in the G1-phase and …             Exploratory Metabolomics Profiling in the Kainic Acid Rat Model Reveals Depletion of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 during Epileptogenesis ▶     Svenja Heischmann, Kevin Quinn, Charmion Cruickshank-Quinn et al.     Currently, no reliable markers are available to evaluate the epileptogenic potential of a brain injury. The electroencephalogram is the standard method of diagnosis of epilepsy; …             Disruption of c-Kit Signaling in KitW-sh/W-sh Growing Mice Increases Bone Turnover ▶     Sutada Lotinun, Nateetip Krishnamra     c-Kit tyrosine kinase receptor has been identified as a regulator of bone homeostasis. The c-Kit loss-of-function mutations in WBB6F1/J-KitW/W-v mice result in low bone mass. …             New insights into the mode of action of the lantibiotic salivaricin B ▶     Abdelahhad Barbour, John Tagg, Osama K. Abou-Zied et al.     Salivaricin B is a 25 amino acid polycyclic peptide belonging to the type AII lantibiotics and first shown to be produced by Streptococcus salivarius. In this study we describe …             Bio- chemical and physical characterizations of mesenchymal stromal cells along the time course of directed differentiation ▶     Yin-Quan Chen, Yi-Shiuan Liu, Yu-An Liu et al.     Cellular biophysical properties are novel biomarkers of cell phenotypes which may reflect the status of differentiating stem cells. Accurate characterizations of cellular …             Ultra-dense SNP genetic map construction and identification of SiDt gene controlling the determinate growth habit in Sesamum indicum L. ▶     Haiyang Zhang, Hongmei Miao, Chun Li et al.     Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an important oilseed crop and has an indeterminate growth habit. Here we resequenced the genomes of the parents and 120 progeny of an F2 population …             Precipitation overrides warming in mediating soil nitrogen pools in an alpine grassland ecosystem on the Tibetan Plateau ▶     Li Lin, Biao Zhu, Chengrong Chen et al.     Soils in the alpine grassland store a large amount of nitrogen (N) due to slow decomposition. However, the decomposition could be affected by climate change, which has profound …             Negative Feedback Regulation of HIV-1 by Gene Editing Strategy ▶     Rafal Kaminski, Yilan Chen, Julian Salkind et al.     The CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing method is comprised of the guide RNA (gRNA) to target a specific DNA sequence for cleavage and the Cas9 endonuclease for introducing breaks in the …             Left extrastriate body area is sensitive to the meaning of symbolic gesture: evidence from fMRI repetition suppression ▶     Agnieszka Kubiak, Gregory Króliczak     Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) adaptation (a.k.a. repetition suppression) paradigm was used to test if semantic information contained in object-related (transitive) …             Overexpression of the Eggplant (Solanum melongena) NAC Family Transcription Factor SmNAC Suppresses Resistance to Bacterial Wilt ▶     Chen Na, Wu Shuanghua, Fu Jinglong et al.     Bacterial wilt (BW) is a serious disease that affects eggplant (Solanum melongena) production. Although resistance to this disease has been reported, the underlying mechanism is …             Structurally novel steroidal spirooxindole by241 potently inhibits tumor growth mainly through ROS-mediated mechanisms ▶     Xiao-Jing Shi, Bin Yu, Jun-Wei Wang et al.     Cancer cells always have increased ROS levels, thus making them more vulnerable to persistent endogenous oxidative stress. The biochemical difference between cancer and normal …             The structural origin of metabolic quantitative diversity ▶     Seizo Koshiba, Ikuko Motoike, Kaname Kojima et al.     Relationship between structural variants of enzymes and metabolic phenotypes in human population was investigated based on the association study of metabolite quantitative traits …             Stable carbon isotope as a signal index for monitoring grassland degradation ▶     Hongyun Yao, Andreas Wilkes, Guodong Zhu et al.     Grassland degradation due to overgrazing is common in many areas of the world. This study analyzed the potential of the stable carbon isotope (δ13C) value as a structural …             Integrated identification, qualification and quantification strategy for pharmacokinetic profile study of Guizhi Fuling capsule in healthy volunteers ▶     Yun-Xi Zhong, Xiao-Liang Jin, Shi-Yin Gu et al.     Guizhi Fuling capsule (GZFL), a traditional Chinese medicine formulation, is widely used in China to relieve pain from dysmenorrhea and is now in a Phase II clinical trial in the …             Short-term intratracheal use of PEG-modified IL-2 and glucocorticoid persistently alleviates asthma in a mouse model ▶     Kefei Wu, Jiexian Ma, Weiya Bai et al.     Regulatory T (Treg) cells play an important role in allergic airway diseases, and upregulation of Treg cells is a potential therapeutic strategy for asthma. In this study, we …             A conditional likelihood is required to estimate the selection coefficient in ancient DNA ▶     Angelo Valleriani     Time-series of allele frequencies are a useful and unique set of data to determine the strength of natural selection on the background of genetic drift. Technically, the …             Climate extremes can drive biological assemblages to early successional stages compared to several mild disturbances ▶     Carlos Sanz-Lázaro     Extreme climatic events have a major role in the structuring of biological communities, and their occurrence is expected to increase due to climate change. Here I use a …             Insulin receptor alternative splicing is regulated by insulin signaling and modulates beta cell survival ▶     Pushkar Malakar, Lital Chartarifsky, Ayat Hija et al.     Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) affects more than 300 million people worldwide. One of the hallmarks of T2DM is peripheral insulin resistance, in part due to unproductive insulin …             Astrocytic Acid-Sensing Ion Channel 1a Contributes to the Development of Chronic Epileptogenesis ▶     Feng Yang, Xiaolong Sun, Yinxiu Ding et al.     Unraveling mechanisms underlying epileptogenesis after brain injury is an unmet medical challenge. Although histopathological studies have revealed that reactive astrogliosis and …             Insights into the transmission of respiratory infectious diseases through empirical human contact networks ▶     Chunlin Huang, Xingwu Liu, Shiwei Sun et al.     In this study, we present representative human contact networks among Chinese college students. Unlike schools in the US, human contacts within Chinese colleges are extremely …             Predatory bacteria are nontoxic to the rabbit ocular surface ▶     Eric G. Romanowski, Nicholas A. Stella, Kimberly M. Brothers et al.     Given the increasing emergence of antimicrobial resistant microbes and the near absent development of new antibiotic classes, innovative new therapeutic approaches to address …             Proteomics tools reveal startlingly high amounts of oxytocin in plasma and serum ▶     Ole Kristian Brandtzaeg, Elin Johnsen, Hanne Roberg-Larsen et al.     The neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) is associated with a plethora of social behaviors, and is a key topic at the intersection of psychology and biology. However, tools for measuring …             Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis in obsessive-compulsive disorder patients ▶     Weihua Yue, Weiqiu Cheng, Zhaorui Liu et al.     Literatures have suggested that not only genetic but also environmental factors, interactively accounted for susceptibility of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). DNA …             The loss of ATP2C1 impairs the DNA damage response and induces altered skin homeostasis: Consequences for epidermal biology in Hailey-Hailey disease ▶     Samantha Cialfi, Loredana Le Pera, Carlo De Blasio et al.     Mutation of the Golgi Ca2+-ATPase ATP2C1 is associated with deregulated calcium homeostasis and altered skin function. ATP2C1 mutations have been identified as having a causative …             A Chemiluminescent Protein Microarray Method for Determining the Seroglycoid Fucosylation Index ▶     Aiying Zhang, Sven Skog, Shengqi Wang et al.     The Lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive fraction of AFP (AFP-L3) is widely used to screen for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Japan and China. We developed a chemiluminescent …             Epigenetic silencing of the NR4A3 tumor suppressor, by aberrant JAK/STAT signaling, predicts prognosis in gastric cancer ▶     Chung-Min Yeh, Liang-Yu Chang, Shu-Hui Lin et al.     While aberrant JAK/STAT signaling is crucial to the development of gastric cancer (GC), its effects on epigenetic alterations of its transcriptional targets remains unclear. In …             Neutrons describe ectoine effects on water H-bonding and hydration around a soluble protein and a cell membrane ▶     Giuseppe Zaccai, Irina Bagyan, Jérôme Combet et al.     Understanding adaptation to extreme environments remains a challenge of high biotechnological potential for fundamental molecular biology. The cytosol of many microorganisms, …             Laquinimod rescues striatal, cortical and white matter pathology and results in modest behavioural improvements in the YAC128 model of Huntington disease ▶     Marta Garcia-Miralles, Xin Hong, Liang Juin Tan et al.     Increasing evidence supports a role for abnormal immune activation and inflammatory responses in Huntington disease (HD). In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of …                       A new open access journal dedicated to publishing the most important scientific advances in all aspects of genomics and its application in the practice of medicine. Part of the Nature Partner Journals series, the journal is published in partnership with the Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research. 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