Scientific Reports Biology Table of Contents e-alert: 14 June 2016

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14 June 2016      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports         Biological Sciences               Position- and quantity-dependent responses in zebrafish turning behavior ▶     Keiko Umeda, Toru Ishizuka, Hiromu Yawo et al.     Neural reflexes are stereotypical automatic responses often modulated by both intrinsic and environmental factors. We report herein that zebrafish larval C-shaped turning is …             Comparative chemical genomics reveal that the spiroindolone antimalarial KAE609 (Cipargamin) is a P-type ATPase inhibitor ▶     Gregory M. Goldgof, Jacob D. Durrant, Sabine Ottilie et al.     The spiroindolones, a new class of antimalarial medicines discovered in a cellular screen, are rendered less active by mutations in a parasite P-type ATPase, PfATP4. We show here …             Ultrastructural analysis of the decellularized cornea after interlamellar keratoplasty and microkeratome-assisted anterior lamellar keratoplasty in a rabbit model ▶     Yoshihide Hashimoto, Shinya Hattori, Shuji Sasaki et al.     The decellularized cornea has received considerable attention for use as an artificial cornea. The decellularized cornea is free from cellular components and other immunogens, …             Crystal structure of tyrosine decarboxylase and identification of key residues involved in conformational swing and substrate binding ▶     Haixia Zhu, Guochao Xu, Kai Zhang et al.     Tyrosine decarboxylase (TDC) is a pyridoxal 5-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzyme and is mainly responsible for the synthesis of tyramine, an important biogenic amine. In this …             Evolutionary and developmental analysis reveals KANK genes were co-opted for vertebrate vascular development ▶     Monica R. Hensley, Zhibin Cui, Rhys F. M. Chua et al.     Gene co-option, usually after gene duplication, in the evolution of development is found to contribute to vertebrate morphological innovations, including the endothelium-based …             Whole Exome Screening Identifies Novel and Recurrent WISP3 Mutations Causing Progressive Pseudorheumatoid Dysplasia in Jammu and Kashmir-India ▶     Ekta Rai, Ankit Mahajan, Parvinder Kumar et al.     We report identification and genetic characterization of a rare skeletal disorder that remained unidentified for decades in a village of Jammu and Kashmir, India. The population …             Screening of spider mites (Acari: Tetranychidae) for reproductive endosymbionts reveals links between co-infection and evolutionary history ▶     Yan-Kai Zhang, Ya-Ting Chen, Kun Yang et al.     Reproductive endosymbionts have been shown to have wide-ranging effects on many aspects of their hosts’ biology. A first step to understanding how these endosymbionts interact …             Sensitivity to Auditory Velocity Contrast ▶     Shannon M. Locke, Johahn Leung, Simon Carlile     A natural auditory scene often contains sound moving at varying velocities. Using a velocity contrast paradigm, we compared sensitivity to velocity changes between continuous and …             Low-Pressure Burst-Mode Focused Ultrasound Wave Reconstruction and Mapping for Blood-Brain Barrier Opening: A Preclinical Examination ▶     Jingjing Xia, Po-Hsiang Tsui, Hao-Li Liu     Burst-mode focused ultrasound (FUS) exposure has been shown to induce transient blood-brain barrier (BBB) opening for potential CNS drug delivery. FUS-BBB opening requires …             DOCK2 confers immunity and intestinal colonization resistance to Citrobacter rodentium infection ▶     Zhiping Liu, Si Ming Man, Qifan Zhu et al.     Food poisoning is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. Citrobacter rodentium is an enteric pathogen which attaches itself to enterocytes and induces …             Context sensitivity in the detection of changes in facial emotion ▶     Yuichi Yamashita, Tomomi Fujimura, Kentaro Katahira et al.     In social contexts, reading subtle changes in others’ facial expressions is a crucial communication skill. To measure this ability, we developed an expression-change detection …             Formation of functional CENP-B boxes at diverse locations in repeat units of centromeric DNA in New World monkeys ▶     Kazuto Kugou, Hirohisa Hirai, Hiroshi Masumoto et al.     Centromere protein B, which is involved in centromere formation, binds to centromeric repetitive DNA by recognizing a nucleotide motif called the CENP-B box. Humans have large …             Imatinib and Nilotinib increase glioblastoma cell invasion via Abl-independent stimulation of p130Cas and FAK signalling ▶     Antonina Frolov, Ian M. Evans, Ningning Li et al.     Imatinib was the first targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor to be approved for clinical use, and remains first-line therapy for Philadelphia chromosome (Ph+)-positive chronic …             Silver nanoparticles defeat p53-positive and p53-negative osteosarcoma cells by triggering mitochondrial stress and apoptosis ▶     Dávid Kovács, Nóra Igaz, Csilla Keskeny et al.     Loss of function of the tumour suppressor p53 observed frequently in human cancers challenges the drug-induced apoptotic elimination of cancer cells from the body. This …             Tumour endothelial cells in high metastatic tumours promote metastasis via epigenetic dysregulation of biglycan ▶     Nako Maishi, Yusuke Ohba, Kosuke Akiyama et al.     Tumour blood vessels are gateways for distant metastasis. Recent studies have revealed that tumour endothelial cells (TECs) demonstrate distinct phenotypes from their normal …             Mechanistic insights of O-GlcNAcylation that promote progression of cholangiocarcinoma cells via nuclear translocation of NF-κB ▶     Chatchai Phoomak, Kulthida Vaeteewoottacharn, Kanlayanee Sawanyawisuth et al.     O-GlcNAcylation, an O-linked protein glycosylation with a single molecule of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), is reversibly controlled by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and N-acetyl …             Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) promote melanogenesis through receptor for AGEs ▶     Eun Jung Lee, Ji Young Kim, Sang Ho Oh     Accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) is linked with development or aggravation of many degenerative processes or disorders, including aging and atherosclerosis. …             FAM20A binds to and regulates FAM20C localization ▶     Yoshio Ohyama, Ju-Hsien Lin, Nattanan Govitvattana et al.     Mutations in the Family with sequence similarity (FAM) 20 gene family are associated with mineralized tissue phenotypes in humans. Among these genes, FAM20A mutations are …             Structural Studies of a Lipid-Binding Peptide from Tunicate Hemocytes with Anti-Biofilm Activity ▶     Osmar N. Silva, Eliane S. F. Alves, César de la Fuente-Núñez et al.     Clavanins is a class of peptides (23aa) histidine-rich, free of post-translational modifications. Clavanins have been studied largely for their ability to disrupt bacterial …             CRISPR/Cas9-induced knockout and knock-in mutations in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii ▶     Sung-Eun Shin, Jong-Min Lim, Hyun Gi Koh et al.     Genome editing is crucial for genetic engineering of organisms for improved traits, particularly in microalgae due to the urgent necessity for the next generation biofuel …             Proteomic analysis of egg white heparin-binding proteins: towards the identification of natural antibacterial molecules ▶     Nicolas Guyot, Valérie Labas, Grégoire Harichaux et al.     The chicken egg resists most environmental microbes suggesting that it potentially contains efficient antimicrobial molecules. Considering that some heparin-binding proteins in …             Inflammation-induced reversible switch of the neuron-specific enolase promoter from Purkinje neurons to Bergmann glia ▶     Yusuke Sawada, Ayumu Konno, Jun Nagaoka et al.     Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) is a glycolytic isoenzyme found in mature neurons and cells of neuronal origin. Injecting adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9) vectors carrying …             Azole Antifungal Sensitivity of Sterol 14α-Demethylase (CYP51) and CYP5218 from Malassezia globosa ▶     Andrew G. S. Warrilow, Claire L. Price, Josie E. Parker et al.     Malassezia globosa cytochromes P450 CYP51 and CYP5218 are sterol 14α-demethylase (the target of azole antifungals) and a putative fatty acid metabolism protein (and a potential …             N-cadherin is Key to Expression of the Nucleus Pulposus Cell Phenotype under Selective Substrate Culture Conditions ▶     Priscilla Y Hwang, Liufang Jing, Jun Chen et al.     Nucleus pulposus (NP) cells of the intervertebral disc are essential for synthesizing extracellular matrix that contributes to disc health and mechanical function. NP cells have …             Harvest locations of goose barnacles can be successfully discriminated using trace elemental signatures ▶     Rui Albuquerque, Henrique Queiroga, Stephen E. Swearer et al.     European Union regulations state that consumers must be rightfully informed about the provenance of fishery products to prevent fraudulent practices. However, mislabeling of the …             Hyperlipidemia and hepatitis in liver-specific CREB3L3 knockout mice generated using a one-step CRISPR/Cas9 system ▶     Yoshimi Nakagawa, Fusaka Oikawa, Seiya Mizuno et al.     cAMP responsive element binding protein 3-like 3 (CREB3L3), a transcription factor expressed in the liver and small intestine, governs fasting-response energy homeostasis. …             Cbx7 is epigenetically silenced in glioblastoma and inhibits cell migration by targeting YAP/TAZ-dependent transcription ▶     Zahid Nawaz, Vikas Patil, Anjali Arora et al.     Glioblastomas (GBM) are the most malignant form of astrocytomas which are difficult to treat and portend a grave clinical course and poor prognosis. In this study, we identified …             The recovery trajectory of adolescent social defeat stress-induced behavioral, 1H-MRS metabolites and myelin changes in Balb/c mice ▶     Handi Zhang, Gen Yan, Haiyun Xu et al.     Adolescent exposure to social stress precipitates emotion-related disorders and affects the development and function of medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). However, this …             A Novel Universal Detection Agent for Time-Gated Luminescence Bioimaging ▶     Nima Sayyadi, Andrew Care, Russell E. Connally et al.     Luminescent lanthanide chelates have been used to label antibodies in time-gated luminescence (TGL) bioimaging. However, it is a challenging task to label directly an antibody …             The complete genome of a baculovirus isolated from an insect of medical interest: Lonomia obliqua (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) ▶     C. W. Aragão-Silva, M. S. Andrade, D. M. P. Ardisson-Araújo et al.     Lonomia obliqua (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) is a species of medical importance due to the severity of reactions caused by accidental contact with the caterpillar bristles. Several …             A simple strategy guides the complex metabolic regulation in Escherichia coli ▶     Giuseppe Facchetti     A way to decipher the complexity of the cellular metabolism is to study the effect of different external perturbations. Through an analysis over a sufficiently large set of gene …             Functional coordination of muscles underlying changes in behavioural dynamics ▶     Carlijn A. Vernooij, Guillaume Rao, Dionysios Perdikis et al.     The dynamical systems approach addresses Bernstein’s degrees of freedom problem by assuming that the neuro-musculo-skeletal system transiently assembles and dismantles its …             Attention enhances stimulus representations in macaque visual cortex without affecting their signal-to-noise level ▶     Mohammad Reza Daliri, Vladislav Kozyrev, Stefan Treue     The magnitude of the attentional modulation of neuronal responses in visual cortex varies with stimulus contrast. Whether the strength of these attentional influences is …             Screening of saponins and sapogenins from Medicago species as potential PPARγ agonists and X-ray structure of the complex PPARγ/caulophyllogenin ▶     Roberta Montanari, Davide Capelli, Aldo Tava et al.     A series of saponins and sapogenins from Medicago species were tested for their ability to bind and activate the nuclear receptor PPARγ by SPR experiments and transactivation …             PDNAsite: Identification of DNA-binding Site from Protein Sequence by Incorporating Spatial and Sequence Context ▶     Jiyun Zhou, Ruifeng Xu, Yulan He et al.     Protein-DNA interactions are involved in many fundamental biological processes essential for cellular function. Most of the existing computational approaches employed only the …             Improving analytical methods for protein-protein interaction through implementation of chemically inducible dimerization ▶     Tonni Grube Andersen, Sebastian J. Nintemann, Magdalena Marek et al.     When investigating interactions between two proteins with complementary reporter tags in yeast two-hybrid or split GFP assays, it remains troublesome to discriminate true- from …             Erratum: Phosphoprotein network analysis of white adipose tissues unveils deregulated pathways in response to high-fat diet ▶     Asfa Alli Shaik, Beiying Qiu, Sheena Wee et al.                 Corrigendum: Triggering mitophagy with far-red fluorescent photosensitizers ▶     Cheng-Wei Hsieh, Chih-Hang Chu, Hsien-Ming Lee et al.                 Corrigendum: Characterization of a temperature-responsive two component regulatory system from the Antarctic archaeon, Methanococcoides burtonii ▶     T. Najnin, K. S. Siddiqui, Taha et al.                 Corrigendum: Hyperactive mTOR signals in the proopiomelanocortin-expressing hippocampal neurons cause age-dependent epilepsy and premature death in mice ▶     Yuki Matsushita, Yasunari Sakai, Mitsunori Shimmura et al.                 Erratum: Spatial organization of heterologous metabolic system in vivo based on TALE ▶     Lv-yun Zhu, Xin-yuan Qiu, Ling-yun Zhu et al.                 IDH-mutant glioma specific association of rs55705857 located at 8q24.21 involves MYC deregulation ▶     Yavuz Oktay, Ege Ülgen, Özge Can et al.     The single nucleotide polymorphism rs55705857, located in a non-coding but evolutionarily conserved region at 8q24.21, is strongly associated with IDH-mutant glioma development …             Testosterone Administration Moderates Effect of Social Environment on Trust in Women Depending on Second-to-Fourth Digit Ratio ▶     Vincent Buskens, Werner Raub, Nynke van Miltenburg et al.     Animal research has established that effects of hormones on social behaviour depend on characteristics of both individual and environment. Insight from research on humans into …             Predictive modeling targets thymidylate synthase ThyX in Mycobacterium tuberculosis ▶     Kamel Djaout, Vinayak Singh, Yap Boum et al.     There is an urgent need to identify new treatments for tuberculosis (TB), a major infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), which results in 1.5 million …             Significant pharmacokinetic differences of berberine are attributable to variations in gut microbiota between Africans and Chinese ▶     Raphael N. Alolga, Yong Fan, Zhuo Chen et al.     We investigated the influence of gut microbiotal metabolism on the pharmacokinetics of berberine in healthy male Africans and Chinese. The Cmax and AUC in the Africans were …             Resolving new ultrastructural features of cytokinetic abscission with soft-X-ray cryo-tomography ▶     Shachar Sherman, David Kirchenbuechler, Dikla Nachmias et al.     Mammalian cytokinetic abscission is mediated by the ESCRT membrane fission machinery. While much has been clarified on the topology and kinetics of abscission through …             Upregulation of p27 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor and a C-terminus truncated form of p27 contributes to G1 phase arrest ▶     Takayuki Satoh, Daisuke Kaida     Potent anti-cancer compounds FR901464 and its methyl-ketal derivative spliceostatin A (SSA) inhibit cell cycle progression at G1 and G2/M phases. These compounds bind to the …             A faulty interaction between SOD1 and hCCS in neurodegenerative disease ▶     Gareth S. A. Wright, Svetlana V. Antonyuk, S. Samar Hasnain     A proportion of Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) cases result from impaired mutant superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1) maturation. The copper chaperone for SOD1 (hCCS) forms a …             The BUME method: a new rapid and simple chloroform-free method for total lipid extraction of animal tissue ▶     Lars Löfgren, Gun-Britt Forsberg, Marcus Ståhlman     In this study we present a simple and rapid method for tissue lipid extraction. Snap-frozen tissue (15–150 mg) is collected in 2 ml homogenization tubes. 500 μl BUME mixture …             Curcumin inhibits HIV-1 by promoting Tat protein degradation ▶     Amjad Ali, Akhil C. Banerjea     HIV-1 Tat is an intrinsically unfolded protein playing a pivotal role in viral replication by associating with TAR region of viral LTR. Unfolded proteins are degraded by 20S …             Hyperspectral Imaging for Determining Pigment Contents in Cucumber Leaves in Response to Angular Leaf Spot Disease ▶     Yan-Ru Zhao, Xiaoli Li, Ke-Qiang Yu et al.     Hyperspectral imaging technique was employed to determine spatial distributions of chlorophyll (Chl), and carotenoid (Car) contents in cucumber leaves in response to angular leaf …             Distinct properties of proteases and nucleases in the gut, salivary gland and saliva of southern green stink bug, Nezara viridula ▶     Purushottam R. Lomate, Bryony C. Bonning     Stink bugs negatively impact numerous plant species of agricultural and horticultural importance. While efforts to develop effective control measures are underway, the unique …             Perceived visual time depends on motor preparation and direction of hand movements ▶     Alice Tomassini, Maria Concetta Morrone     Perceived time undergoes distortions when we prepare and perform movements, showing compression and/or expansion for visual, tactile and auditory stimuli. However, the actual …             Reassessing the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome during pathogenic influenza A virus infection via temporal inhibition ▶     Michelle D. Tate, James D. H. Ong, Jennifer K. Dowling et al.     The inflammasome NLRP3 is activated by pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) during infection, including RNA and proteins from influenza A virus (IAV). However, chronic …             Correlation of Apobec Mrna Expression with overall Survival and pd-l1 Expression in Urothelial Carcinoma ▶     Stephanie A. Mullane, Lillian Werner, Jonathan Rosenberg et al.     Metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) has a very high mutational rate and is associated with an APOBEC mutation signature. We examined the correlation of APOBEC expression with …             Down-regulated and Commonly mutated ALPK1 in Lung and Colorectal Cancers ▶     Hsien-Feng Liao, Hsien-Hsiung Lee, Ya-Sian Chang et al.     The ALPK1 gene located in the 4q25 region encodes a newly explored protein kinase which could phosphorylate the amino acid of a domain full of α-helices. Recently, several …             Single Cell Proteolytic Assays to Investigate Cancer Clonal Heterogeneity and Cell Dynamics Using an Efficient Cell Loading Scheme ▶     Yu-Chih Chen, Yu-Heng Cheng, Patrick Ingram et al.     Proteolytic degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) is critical in cancer invasion, and recent work suggests that heterogeneous cancer populations cooperate in this …             Ecological factors drive natural selection pressure of avian aryl hydrocarbon receptor 1 genotypes ▶     Ji-Hee Hwang, Jin-Young Park, Hae-Jeong Park et al.     The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) mediates dioxin toxicities. Several studies have suggested that two amino acid residues corresponding to the 324th and 380th positions in the …             mTOR signalling in the nucleus accumbens shell is critical for augmented effect of TFF3 on behavioural response to cocaine ▶     Yi-Xiao Luo, Hua Han, Juan Shao et al.     Neuropeptides play important roles in modulating the rewarding value of abused drugs. Trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) was recently reported to modulate withdrawal syndrome of morphine, …             Slingshot feeding of the goblin shark Mitsukurina owstoni (Pisces: Lamniformes: Mitsukurinidae) ▶     Kazuhiro Nakaya, Taketeru Tomita, Kenta Suda et al.     Five striking and prey capture events of two goblin sharks were videotaped at sea for the first time, showing their extraordinary biting process. The goblin sharks swung their …             Dynein disruption perturbs post-synaptic components and contributes to impaired MuSK clustering at the NMJ: implication in ALS ▶     Valérie Vilmont, Bruno Cadot, Elsa Vezin et al.     The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) allows the transformation of a neuronal message into a mechanical force by muscle contraction and is the target of several neuromuscular …             Nearby grandmother enhances calf survival and reproduction in Asian elephants ▶     Mirkka Lahdenperä, Khyne U. Mar, Virpi Lummaa     Usually animals reproduce into old age, but a few species such as humans and killer whales can live decades after their last reproduction. The grandmother hypothesis proposes …             Virus-induced gene silencing of the RPC5-like subunit of RNA polymerase III caused pleiotropic effects in Nicotiana benthamiana ▶     Lev G. Nemchinov, Alexander M. Boutanaev, Olga A. Postnikova     In eukaryotic cells, RNA polymerase III is highly conserved and transcribes housekeeping genes such as ribosomal 5S rRNA, tRNA and other small RNAs. The RPC5-like subunit is one …             E2F1-miR-20a-5p/20b-5p auto-regulatory feedback loop involved in myoblast proliferation and differentiation ▶     Wen Luo, Guihuan Li, Zhenhua Yi et al.     miR-17 family microRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial for embryo development, however, their role in muscle development is still unclear. miR-20a-5p and miR-20b-5p belong to the miR-17 …             Mechanisms of PDGF siRNA-mediated inhibition of bone cancer pain in the spinal cord ▶     Yang Xu, Jia Liu, Mu He et al.     Patients with tumors that metastasize to bone frequently suffer from debilitating pain, and effective therapies for treating bone cancer are lacking. This study employed a novel …             Comparative transcriptomic analysis of human and Drosophila extracellular vesicles ▶     Fabio Alexis Lefebvre, Louis Philip Benoit Bouvrette, Lilyanne Perras et al.     Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed nanoparticles containing specific repertoires of genetic material. In mammals, EVs can mediate the horizontal transfer of …             Contagious risk taking: social information and context influence wild jackdaws’ responses to novelty and risk ▶     Alison L. Greggor, Guillam E. McIvor, Nicola S. Clayton et al.     Although wild animals increasingly encounter human-produced food and objects, it is unknown how they learn to discriminate beneficial from dangerous novelty. Since social …             Transient ECM protease activity promotes synaptic plasticity ▶     Marta Magnowska, Tomasz Gorkiewicz, Anna Suska et al.     Activity-dependent proteolysis at a synapse has been recognized as a pivotal factor in controlling dynamic changes in dendritic spine shape and function; however, excessive …             Structure of the host-recognition device of Staphylococcus aureus phage ϕ11 ▶     Cengiz Koç, Guoqing Xia, Petra Kühner et al.     Phages play key roles in the pathogenicity and adaptation of the human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. However, little is known about the molecular recognition events that …             Spectral properties of bacteriophytochrome AM1_5894 in the chlorophyll d-containing cyanobacterium Acaryochloris marina ▶     Patrick C. Loughlin, Zane Duxbury, Tendo T. Mukasa Mugerwa et al.     Acaryochloris marina, a unicellular oxygenic photosynthetic cyanobacterium, has uniquely adapted to far-red light-enriched environments using red-shifted chlorophyll d. To …             Mycobacterium leprae-induced Insulin-like Growth Factor I attenuates antimicrobial mechanisms, promoting bacterial survival in macrophages ▶     L. R. Batista-Silva, Luciana Silva Rodrigues, Aislan de Carvalho Vivarini et al.     Mycobacterium leprae (ML), the etiologic agent of leprosy, can subvert macrophage antimicrobial activity by mechanisms that remain only partially understood. In the present …             Corrigendum: Facile Discovery of a Diverse Panel of Anti-Ebola Virus Antibodies by Immune Repertoire Mining ▶     Bo Wang, Christien A. Kluwe, Oana I. Lungu et al.                 Genome-wide detection of CNVs in Chinese indigenous sheep with different types of tails using ovine high-density 600K SNP arrays ▶     Caiye Zhu, Hongying Fan, Zehu Yuan et al.     Chinese indigenous sheep can be classified into three types based on tail morphology: fat-tailed, fat-rumped, and thin-tailed sheep, of which the typical breeds are large-tailed …             A soft, transparent, freely accessible cranial window for chronic imaging and electrophysiology ▶     Chaejeong Heo, Hyejin Park, Yong-Tae Kim et al.     Chronic in vivo imaging and electrophysiology are important for better understanding of neural functions and circuits. We introduce the new cranial window using soft, penetrable, …             Corrigendum: Interaction between V-ATPase B2 and (Pro) renin Receptors in Promoting the progression of Renal Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis ▶     Yun Liu, Sujun Zuo, Xiaoyan Li et al.                 Transcriptomic analysis of submergence-tolerant and sensitive Brachypodium distachyon ecotypes reveals oxidative stress as a major tolerance factor ▶     Irma Karla Rivera-Contreras, Teresa Zamora-Hernández, Ariana Arlene Huerta-Heredia et al.     When excessive amounts of water accumulate around roots and aerial parts of plants, submergence stress occurs. To find the integrated mechanisms of tolerance, we used ecotypes of …             Comparison of deep neural networks to spatio-temporal cortical dynamics of human visual object recognition reveals hierarchical correspondence ▶     Radoslaw Martin Cichy, Aditya Khosla, Dimitrios Pantazis et al.     The complex multi-stage architecture of cortical visual pathways provides the neural basis for efficient visual object recognition in humans. However, the stage-wise computations …             Restoring Mitochondrial Function: A Small Molecule-mediated Approach to Enhance Glucose Stimulated Insulin Secretion in Cholesterol Accumulated Pancreatic beta cells ▶     Suman Asalla, Shravan Babu Girada, Ramya S. Kuna et al.     Dyslipidemia, particularly the elevated serum cholesterol levels, aggravate the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes. In the present study we explored the relationship between …             On the Computational Power of Spiking Neural P Systems with Self-Organization ▶     Xun Wang, Tao Song, Faming Gong et al.     Neural-like computing models are versatile computing mechanisms in the field of artificial intelligence. Spiking neural P systems (SN P systems for short) are one of the recently …             Sucrose and ABA regulate starch biosynthesis in maize through a novel transcription factor, ZmEREB156 ▶     Huanhuan Huang, Sidi Xie, Qianlin Xiao et al.     Sucrose is not only the carbon source for starch synthesis, but also a signal molecule. Alone or in coordination with ABA, it can regulate the expression of genes involved in …             Unsaturated C3,5,7,9-Monocarboxylic Acids by Aqueous, One-Pot Carbon Fixation: Possible Relevance for the Origin of Life ▶     Christopher Scheidler, Jessica Sobotta, Wolfgang Eisenreich et al.     All scientific approaches to the origin of life share a common problem: a chemical path to lipids as main constituents of extant cellular enclosures. Here we show by …             Lysophosphatidylcholine plays critical role in allergic airway disease manifestation ▶     Preeti Bansal, Shailendera Nath Gaur, Naveen Arora     Phospholipase A2 (sPLA2), pivotal for allergic and inflammatory response, hydrolyses phosphatidylcholine (PC) to lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC). In present study, the role of LPC …             Comparison of Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy and Isothermal Micro-calorimetry for Non-invasive Detection of Microbial Growth in Media Fills ▶     David Brueckner, David Roesti, Ulrich Georg Zuber et al.     Two methods were investigated for non-invasive microbial growth-detection in intact glass vials as possible techniques for automated inspection of media-filled units. Tunable …             Corrigendum: Substoichiometric inhibition of transthyretin misfolding by immune-targeting sparsely populated misfolding intermediates: a potential diagnostic and therapeutic for TTR amyloidoses ▶     Natalie J. Galant, Antoinette Bugyei-Twum, Rishi Rakhit et al.                 Localization of PPAR isotypes in the adult mouse and human brain ▶     Anna Warden, Jay Truitt, Morgan Merriman et al.     Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear hormone receptors that act as ligand-activated transcription factors. PPAR agonists have well-documented …             Identification of Angiogenesis Rich-Viable Myocardium using RGD Dimer based SPECT after Myocardial Infarction ▶     Min Su Lee, Hyun Soo Park, Byung Chul Lee et al.     Cardiac healing after myocardial ischemia is a complex biological process. Advances in understanding of wound healing response have paved the way for clinical testing of novel …             Nifurtimox Is Effective Against Neural Tumor Cells and Is Synergistic with Buthionine Sulfoximine ▶     Michael Du, Linna Zhang, Kathleen A. Scorsone et al.     Children with aggressive neural tumors have poor survival rates and novel therapies are needed. Previous studies have identified nifurtimox and buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) as …             Identification of circulating microRNAs during the liver neoplastic process in a murine model of hereditary tyrosinemia type 1 ▶     Francesca Angileri, Geneviève Morrow, Jean-Yves Scoazec et al.     Hereditary tyrosinemia type 1 (HT1) is a severe inborn error of metabolism, impacting the tyrosine catabolic pathway with a high incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Us…             A predatory bivalved euarthropod from the Cambrian (Stage 3) Xiaoshiba Lagerstätte, South China ▶     Jie Yang, Javier Ortega-Hernández, Tian Lan et al.     Bivalved euarthropods represent a conspicuous component of exceptionally-preserved fossil biotas throughout the Lower Palaeozoic. However, most of these taxa are known from …             A microscopic landscape of the invasive breast cancer genome ▶     Zheng Ping, Yuchao Xia, Tiansheng Shen et al.     Histologic grade is one of the most important microscopic features used to predict the prognosis of invasive breast cancer and may serve as a marker for studying cancer driving …             In-depth comparative transcriptome analysis of intestines of red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii, infected with WSSV ▶     Zhiqiang Du, Yanhui Jin, Daming Ren     Crayfish has become one of the most important farmed aquatic species in China due to its excellent disease resistance against bacteria and viruses. However, the antiviral …             Diabetic cornea wounds produce significantly weaker electric signals that may contribute to impaired healing ▶     Yunyun Shen, Trisha Pfluger, Fernando Ferreira et al.     Wounds naturally produce electric signals which serve as powerful cues that stimulate and guide cell migration during wound healing. In diabetic patients, impaired wound healing …             Japanese Encephalitis Virus exploits the microRNA-432 to regulate the expression of Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling (SOCS) 5 ▶     Nikhil Sharma, Kanhaiya L. Kumawat, Meghana Rastogi et al.     Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a plus strand RNA virus, which infects brain. MicroRNAs are regulatory non-coding RNAs which regulate the expression of various genes in …             Cell-death-inducing DFFA-like Effector B Contributes to the Assembly of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Particles and Interacts with HCV NS5A ▶     Hua Cai, Wenxia Yao, Leike Li et al.     Hepatitis C virus (HCV) uses components of the very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) pathway for assembly/release. We previously reported that hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α) …             Multimodal Imaging and Lighting Bias Correction for Improved μPAD-based Water Quality Monitoring via Smartphones ▶     Katherine E. McCracken, Scott V. Angus, Kelly A. Reynolds et al.     Smartphone image-based sensing of microfluidic paper analytical devices (μPADs) offers low-cost and mobile evaluation of water quality. However, consistent quantification is a …             Host genetics determine susceptibility to avian influenza infection and transmission dynamics ▶     Raul Ruiz-Hernandez, William Mwangi, Marylene Peroval et al.     Host-genetic control of influenza virus infection has been the object of little attention. In this study we determined that two inbred lines of chicken differing in their genetic …             Identification and tissue expression profile of genes from three chemoreceptor families in an urban pest, Periplaneta americana ▶     Yan Chen, Ming He, Zhao-Qun Li et al.     Periplaneta americana is a notorious urban pest prevalent in human habitats; very little is known about its chemosensory mechanism. Employing the advanced next-generation …             Genetic diversity, seasonality and transmission network of human metapneumovirus: identification of a unique sub-lineage of the fusion and attachment genes ▶     Wei Zhen Chow, Yoke Fun Chan, Xiang Yong Oong et al.     Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is an important viral respiratory pathogen worldwide. Current knowledge regarding the genetic diversity, seasonality and transmission dynamics of …             Reduced anticipation of negative emotional events in alexithymia ▶     Francesca Starita, Elisabetta Làdavas, Giuseppe di Pellegrino     Alexithymia is characterized by difficulties in different domains of emotion processing, especially in relation to negative emotions. Nevertheless, its causal mechanisms remain …             Label-free Chemical Imaging of Fungal Spore Walls by Raman Microscopy and Multivariate Curve Resolution Analysis ▶     Hemanth Noothalapati, Takahiro Sasaki, Tomohiro Kaino et al.     Fungal cell walls are medically important since they represent a drug target site for antifungal medication. So far there is no method to directly visualize structurally similar …             Stimulus-Dependent Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein Expression Prolongs the Duration of B Cell Signalling ▶     Hisaaki Shinohara, Kentaro Inoue, Noriko Yumoto et al.     Different dynamic behaviours of signalling activity can induce distinct biological responses in a variety of cells. However, the molecular mechanisms that determine the dynamics …             Accumulation of human full-length tau induces degradation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α4 via activating calpain-2 ▶     Yaling Yin, Yali Wang, Di Gao et al.     Cholinergic impairments and tau accumulation are hallmark pathologies in sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD), however, the intrinsic link between tau accumulation and cholinergic …             Pharmacological exploitation of the phenothiazine antipsychotics to develop novel antitumor agents–A drug repurposing strategy ▶     Chia-Hsien Wu, Li-Yuan Bai, Ming-Hsui Tsai et al.     Phenothiazines (PTZs) have been used for the antipsychotic drugs for centuries. However, some of these PTZs have been reported to exhibit antitumor effects by targeting various …             Functional and pharmacological characterization of two different ASIC1a/2a heteromers reveals their sensitivity to the spider toxin PcTx1 ▶     Niko Joeres, Katrin Augustinowski, Andreas Neuhof et al.     Acid Sensing Ion Channels (ASICs) detect extracellular proton signals and are involved in synaptic transmission and pain sensation. ASIC subunits assemble into homo- and …             Overexpression of HSPA1A enhances the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway ▶     Wei Zhang, Deting Xue, Houfa Yin et al.     HSPA1A, which encodes cognate heat shock protein 70, plays important roles in various cellular metabolic pathways. To investigate its effects on osteogenic differentiation of …             Two endoplasmic reticulum proteins (calnexin and calreticulin) are involved in innate immunity in Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) ▶     Ying Huang, Kaimin Hui, Min Jin et al.     Calnexin (Cnx) and calreticulin (Crt), which are important chaperones in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), participate in the folding and quality control of client proteins. Cnx …             Selective inhibition of apicoplast tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase causes delayed death in Plasmodium falciparum ▶     Charisse Flerida A. Pasaje, Vanessa Cheung, Kit Kennedy et al.     The malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum relies on efficient protein translation. An essential component of translation is the tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase (TrpRS) that charges …             Contribution of the Twin Arginine Translocation system to the exoproteome of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ▶     Geneviève Ball, Haike Antelmann, Paul Roger Claude Imbert et al.     The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa uses secretion systems to deliver exoproteins into the environment. These exoproteins contribute to bacterial survival, …             Genetic Dissection of the Signaling Cascade that Controls Activation of the Shigella Type III Secretion System from the Needle Tip ▶     I. Murillo, I. Martinez-Argudo, A. J. Blocker     Many Gram-negative bacterial pathogens use type III secretion systems (T3SSs) for virulence. The Shigella T3SS consists of a hollow needle, made of MxiH and protruding from the …             Multiple functions of volatiles in flowers and leaves of Elsholtzia rugulosa (Lamiaceae) from southwestern China ▶     Feng-Ping Zhang, Qiu-Yun Yang, Gang Wang et al.     Although the roles of volatile compounds have been examined separately in plant–herbivore or plant–pollinator interactions, few studies have focused on how plant scents can …             Inhibition of herpes simplex virus 1 gene expression and replication by RNase P-associated external guide sequences ▶     Jin Liu, Luyao Shao, Phong Trang et al.     An external guide sequence (EGS) is a RNA sequence which can interact with a target mRNA to form a tertiary structure like a pre-tRNA and recruit intracellular ribonuclease P …             Genomic leftovers: identifying novel microsatellites, over-represented motifs and functional elements in the human genome ▶     Natalie C. Fonville, Karthik Raja Velmurugan, Hongseok Tae et al.     The human genome is 99% complete. This study contributes to filling the 1% gap by enriching previously unknown repeat regions called microsatellites (MST). We devised a Global …             Cytochrome bd Displays Significant Quinol Peroxidase Activity ▶     Sinan Al-Attar, Yuanjie Yu, Martijn Pinkse et al.     Cytochrome bd is a prokaryotic terminal oxidase that catalyses the electrogenic reduction of oxygen to water using ubiquinol as electron donor. Cytochrome bd is a tri-haem …             Microglia retard dengue virus-induced acute viral encephalitis ▶     Tsung-Ting Tsai, Chia-Ling Chen, Yee-Shin Lin et al.     Patients with dengue virus (DENV) infection may also present acute viral encephalitis through an unknown mechanism. Here, we report that encephalitic DENV-infected mice exhibited …             Differential proteomics profiling of the ova between healthy and Rice stripe virus-infected female insects of Laodelphax striatellus ▶     Beibei Liu, Faliang Qin, Wenwen Liu et al.     Rice stripe virus-infected females of the small brown planthopper (SBPH, Laodelphax striatellus) usually lay fewer eggs with a longer hatch period, low hatchability, malformation …             Small RNA transcriptomes of mangroves evolve adaptively in extreme environments ▶     Ming Wen, Xingqin Lin, Munan Xie et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and endogenous small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are key players in plant stress responses. Here, we present the sRNA transcriptomes of mangroves Bruguiera …             Cross-talk between AMPK and EGFR dependent Signaling in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer ▶     Paurush Praveen, Helen Hülsmann, Holger Sültmann et al.     Lung cancers globally account for 12% of new cancer cases, 85% of these being Non Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). Therapies like erlotinib target the key player EGFR, which is …             Tree aboveground carbon storage correlates with environmental gradients and functional diversity in a tropical forest ▶     Yong Shen, Shixiao Yu, Juyu Lian et al.     Tropical forests play a disproportionately important role in the global carbon (C) cycle, but it remains unclear how local environments and functional diversity regulate tree …             Efficient production of acetoin in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by disruption of 2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase and expression of NADH oxidase ▶     Sang-Jeong Bae, Sujin Kim, Ji-Sook Hahn     Acetoin is widely used in food and cosmetic industry as taste and fragrance enhancer. For acetoin production in this study, Saccharomyces cerevisiae JHY605 was used as a host …             Multiplex giant magnetoresistive biosensor microarrays identify interferon-associated autoantibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus ▶     Jung-Rok Lee, D. James Haddon, Hannah E. Wand et al.     High titer, class-switched autoantibodies are a hallmark of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Dysregulation of the interferon (IFN) pathway is observed in individuals with …             Elevation of brain glucose and polyol-pathway intermediates with accompanying brain-copper deficiency in patients with Alzheimer’s disease: metabolic basis for dementia ▶     Jingshu Xu, Paul Begley, Stephanie J. Church et al.     Impairment of brain-glucose uptake and brain-copper regulation occurs in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Here we sought to further elucidate the processes that cause neurodegeneration …             Foci of cyclin A2 interact with actin and RhoA in mitosis ▶     Abdelhalim Loukil, Fanny Izard, Mariya Georgieva et al.     Cyclin A2 is a key player in the regulation of the cell cycle. Its degradation in mid-mitosis depends primarily on the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), while autophagy also …             Identification of G protein-coupled receptors required for vitellogenin uptake into the oocytes of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum ▶     Hua Bai, Subba Reddy Palli     Previous studies suggested that a membrane receptor might be involved in mediating vitellogenin (Vg) uptake and juvenile hormone (JH)-regulated remodeling of follicular …             Nodal marginal zone B cells in mice: a novel subset with dormant self-reactivity ▶     Anna-Karin E. Palm, Heike C. Friedrich, Sandra Kleinau     Marginal zone (MZ) B cells, representing a distinct subset of innate-like B cells, mount rapid T-independent responses to blood-borne antigens. They express low-affinity …             MicroRNA-320a promotes 5-FU resistance in human pancreatic cancer cells ▶     Weibin Wang, Lijun Zhao, Xueju Wei et al.     The drug-resistance of pancreatic cancer cells results in poor therapeutic effect. To predict the therapeutic effect of the chemotherapy drugs to specific patients and to reverse …             Six Hours after Infection, the Metabolic Changes Induced by WSSV Neutralize the Host’s Oxidative Stress Defenses ▶     I-Tung Chen, Der-Yen Lee, Yun-Tzu Huang et al.     Levels of intracellular ROS (reactive oxygen species) were significantly increased in hemocytes collected from WSSV-infected shrimp within the first 30–120 min after infection. …             Structure and function of chicken interleukin-1 beta mutants: uncoupling of receptor binding and in vivo biological activity ▶     Wen-Ting Chen, Wen-Yang Huang, Ting Chen et al.     Receptor-binding and subsequent signal-activation of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) are essential to immune and proinflammatory responses. We mutated 12 residues to identify sites …             Biomineralization Guided by Paper Templates ▶     Gulden Camci-Unal, Anna Laromaine, Estrella Hong et al.     This work demonstrates the fabrication of partially mineralized scaffolds fabricated in 3D shapes using paper by folding, and by supporting deposition of calcium phosphate by …             Reciprocal voltage sensor-to-pore coupling leads to potassium channel C-type inactivation ▶     Luca Conti, Jakob Renhorn, Anders Gabrielsson et al.     Voltage-gated potassium channels open at depolarized membrane voltages. A prolonged depolarization causes a rearrangement of the selectivity filter which terminates the …             Drug-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) rely on cell membrane properties to exert anticancer effects ▶     Hamid R. Molavian, Aaron Goldman, Colin J. Phipps et al.     Pharmacological concentrations of small molecule natural products, such as ascorbic acid, have exhibited distinct cell killing outcomes between cancer and normal cells whereby …             The transcriptional regulator GalR self-assembles to form highly regular tubular structures ▶     Emil D. Agerschou, Gunna Christiansen, Nicholas P. Schafer et al.     The Gal repressor regulates transport and metabolism of D-galactose in Escherichia coli and can mediate DNA loop formation by forming a bridge between adjacent or distant sites. …             Codon optimization of the adenoviral fiber negatively impacts structural protein expression and viral fitness ▶     Eneko Villanueva, Maria Martí-Solano, Cristina Fillat     Codon usage adaptation of lytic viruses to their hosts is determinant for viral fitness. In this work, we analyzed the codon usage of adenoviral proteins by principal component …             Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Induces Apoptosis in Cultured Neonatal Rat Cardiomyocytes by Modulating the TLR4/NF-κB Pathway ▶     Xiantao Wang, Yuhan Sun, Huafeng Yang et al.     This study was designed to investigate the apoptosis induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and explore the possible …             The Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) Uses its C-Terminus to Regulate the A2B Adenosine Receptor ▶     Michael J. Watson, Shernita L. Lee, Abigail J. Marklew et al.     CFTR is an apical membrane anion channel that regulates fluid homeostasis in many organs including the airways, colon, pancreas and sweat glands. In cystic fibrosis, CFTR …             Mass spectrometry analysis and transcriptome sequencing reveal glowing squid crystal proteins are in the same superfamily as firefly luciferase ▶     Gregory Gimenez, Peter Metcalf, Neil G. Paterson et al.     The Japanese firefly squid Hotaru-ika (Watasenia scintillans) produces intense blue light from photophores at the tips of two arms. These photophores are densely packed with …             The Use of NS1 Rapid Diagnostic Test and qRT-PCR to Complement IgM ELISA for Improved Dengue Diagnosis from Single Specimen ▶     Boon-Teong Teoh, Sing-Sin Sam, Kim-Kee Tan et al.     Timely and accurate dengue diagnosis is important for differential diagnosis and immediate implementation of appropriate disease control measures. In this study, we compared the …             Relationships between physical properties and sequence in silkworm silks ▶     Ali D. Malay, Ryota Sato, Kenjiro Yazawa et al.     Silk has attracted widespread attention due to its superlative material properties and promising applications. However, the determinants behind the variations in material …             Meta-analysis of the influence of TM6SF2 E167K variant on Plasma Concentration of Aminotransferases across different Populations and Diverse Liver Phenotypes ▶     Silvia Sookoian, Carlos J. Pirola     A nonsynonymous E167K (rs58542926 C/T) variant in TM6SF2 gene was recently associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We explored the association between E167K and …             1H-detected solid-state NMR of proteins entrapped in bioinspired silica: a new tool for biomaterials characterization ▶     Enrico Ravera, Linda Cerofolini, Tommaso Martelli et al.     Proton-detection in solid-state NMR, enabled by high magnetic fields (>18 T) and fast magic angle spinning (>50 kHz), allows for the acquisition of traditional 1H-15N experiments …             Poor prognostic value of lymphovascular invasion for pT1 urothelial carcinoma with squamous differentiation in bladder cancer ▶     Gang Li, Hualin Song, Jiaxin Wang et al.     Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is the primary and essential step in the systemic dissemination of cancer cells. The aim of our study was to assess the independent prognostic role …             Integrating landfill bioreactors, partial nitritation and anammox process for methane recovery and nitrogen removal from leachate ▶     Faqian Sun, Xiaomei Su, Tingting Kang et al.     A new process consisting of a landfill bioreactor, partial-nitritation (PN) and the anammox process has been developed for landfill leachate treatment. In this study, the …             CD4+CD25+ T Cells in primary malignant hypertension related kidney injury ▶     Hongdong Huang, Yang Luo, Yumei Liang et al.     CD4+CD25+ T cells are critical for maintenance of immunologic self-tolerance. We measured the number of CD4+CD25+ cells in the patients with primary malignant hypertension …             Salvianolic Acid B Attenuates Experimental Pulmonary Fibrosis through Inhibition of the TGF-β Signaling Pathway ▶     Qingmei Liu, Haiyan Chu, Yanyun Ma et al.     Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive and fatal disorder. In our previous study, we found that the Yiqihuoxue formula (YQHX), a prescription of Traditional Chinese Medicine, had a …             Rapid diagnosis of lymph node metastasis in breast cancer using a new fluorescent method with γ-glutamyl hydroxymethyl rhodamine green ▶     Yoshiaki Shinden, Hiroki Ueo, Taro Tobo et al.     Sentinel lymph node biopsy is performed as a standard procedure in breast cancer surgery, and the development of quick and simple methods to detect metastatic lesions is in high …             Core-shell nanocarriers with high paclitaxel loading for passive and active targeting ▶     Zhu Jin, Yaqi Lv, Hui Cao et al.     Rapid blood clearance and premature burst release are inherent drawbacks of conventional nanoparticles, resulting in poor tumor selectivity. iRGD peptide is widely recognized as …             The structural alteration of gut microbiota in low-birth-weight mice undergoing accelerated postnatal growth ▶     Jingjing Wang, Huang Tang, Xiaoxin Wang et al.     The transient disruption of gut microbiota in infancy by antibiotics causes adult adiposity in mice. Accelerated postnatal growth (A) leads to a higher risk of adult metabolic …             Carbon nanotubes affect the toxicity of CuO nanoparticles to denitrification in marine sediments by altering cellular internalization of nanoparticle ▶     Xiong Zheng, Yinglong Su, Yinguang Chen et al.     Denitrification is an important pathway for nitrate transformation in marine sediments, and this process has been observed to be negatively affected by engineered nanomaterials. …             Elevation of serum sphingosine-1-phosphate attenuates impaired cardiac function in experimental sepsis ▶     Sina M. Coldewey, Elisa Benetti, Massimo Collino et al.     Serum levels of the lipid mediator sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) are reduced in septic patients and are inversely associated with disease severity. We show that serum S1P is …             LTP-1, a novel antimitotic agent and Stat3 inhibitor, inhibits human pancreatic carcinomas in vitro and in vivo ▶     Han-Li Huang, Min-Wu Chao, Chung-Chun Chen et al.     Pancreatic cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide with a poor survival rate. The objective of this study was to determine the mechanism of action of a novel …             Higher Plasma S100B Concentrations in Schizophrenia Patients, and Dependently Associated with Inflammatory Markers ▶     Wu Hong, Min Zhao, Haozhe Li et al.     Glial damage and immune dysfunction are involved in pathogenesis of schizophrenia. However, interaction between glial damage and immune dysfunction in schizophrenia is undefined. …             Leptospiral outer membrane protein LipL32 induces inflammation and kidney injury in zebrafish larvae ▶     Ming-Yang Chang, Yi-Chuan Cheng, Shen-Hsing Hsu et al.     Leptospirosis is an often overlooked cause of acute kidney injury that can lead to multiple organ failure and even death. The principle protein that conserved in many pathogenic …             Homeostatic maintenance via degradation and repair of elastic fibers under tension ▶     Calebe Alves, Ascanio D. Araújo, Cláudio L. N. Oliveira et al.     Cellular maintenance of the extracellular matrix requires an effective regulation that balances enzymatic degradation with the repair of collagen fibrils and fibers. Here, we …             Effects of LDL Receptor Modulation on Lymphatic Function ▶     Andreea Milasan, François Dallaire, Gaétan Mayer et al.     Atherosclerosis is driven by the accumulation of immune cells and cholesterol in the arterial wall. Although recent studies have shown that lymphatic vessels play an important …             Toll-like receptor 7 affects the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ▶     Sokho Kim, Surim Park, Bumseok Kim et al.     Recently, a possible link between toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) and liver disease was suggested, although it was limited to fibrosis. Based on this report, we investigated whether …             The PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitory pathway is altered in pre-eclampsia and regulates T cell responses in pre-eclamptic rats ▶     Mei Tian, Yonghong Zhang, Zhaozhao Liu et al.     The programmed cell death-1(PD-1)/PD-ligand 1 (PD-L1) pathway is critical to immune homeostasis by promoting regulatory T (Treg) development and inhibiting effector T (such as …             Optimal Environmental Conditions and Anomalous Ecosystem Responses: Constraining Bottom-up Controls of Phytoplankton Biomass in the California Current System ▶     Michael G. Jacox, Elliott L. Hazen, Steven J. Bograd     In Eastern Boundary Current systems, wind-driven upwelling drives nutrient-rich water to the ocean surface, making these regions among the most productive on Earth. Regulation of …             Establishing Virulence Associated Polyphosphate Kinase 2 as a drug target for Mycobacterium tuberculosis ▶     Mamta Singh, Prabhakar Tiwari, Garima Arora et al.     Inorganic polyphosphate (PolyP) plays an essential role in microbial stress adaptation, virulence and drug tolerance. The genome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis encodes for two …             Endophenotype Network Models: Common Core of Complex Diseases ▶     Susan Dina Ghiassian, Jörg Menche, Daniel I. Chasman et al.     Historically, human diseases have been differentiated and categorized based on the organ system in which they primarily manifest. Recently, an alternative view is emerging that …             Differential effects of male nutrient balance on pre- and post-copulatory traits, and consequences for female reproduction in Drosophila melanogaster ▶     Juliano Morimoto, Stuart Wigby     Male fitness depends on the expression of costly traits involved in obtaining mates (pre-copulatory) and fertilization (post-copulatory). However, very little is known about the …             Functional diversity of family 3 β-glucosidases from thermophilic cellulolytic fungus Humicola insolens Y1 ▶     Wei Xia, Yingguo Bai, Ying Cui et al.     The fungus Humicola insolens is one of the most powerful decomposers of crystalline cellulose. However, studies on the β-glucosidases from this fungus remain insufficient, …             Transient autonomic responses during sustained attention in high and low fit young adults ▶     Antonio Luque-Casado, Pandelis Perakakis, Luis F. Ciria et al.     Maintaining vigilance over long periods of time is especially critical in performing fundamental everyday activities and highly responsible professional tasks (e.g., driving, …             Truncated Variants of Gaussia Luciferase with Tyrosine Linker for Site-Specific Bioconjugate Applications ▶     Eric A. Hunt, Angeliki Moutsiopoulou, Stephanie Ioannou et al.     Gaussia luciferase (Gluc)—with its many favorable traits such as small size, bright emission, and exceptional stability—has become a prominent reporter protein for a wide range …             Pupal diapause termination in Bactrocera minax: an insight on 20-hydroxyecdysone induced phenotypic and genotypic expressions ▶     Zhenzhong Chen, Yongcheng Dong, Yaohui Wang et al.     The Chinese citrus fruit fly, Bactrocera minax, is an economically important pest of citrus. It exhibits pupal diapause from November to May to combat harsh environmental …             Arabidopsis LBP/BPI related-1 and -2 bind to LPS directly and regulate PR1 expression ▶     Sayaka Iizasa, Ei’ichi Iizasa, Sawako Matsuzaki et al.     Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a major constituent of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and acts as a pathogen-associated molecular pattern that triggers immune responses …             Increased airway glucose increases airway bacterial load in hyperglycaemia ▶     Simren K. Gill, Kailyn Hui, Hugo Farne et al.     Diabetes is associated with increased frequency of hospitalization due to bacterial lung infection. We hypothesize that increased airway glucose caused by hyperglycaemia leads to …             Structural and biochemical characterization of the cell fate determining nucleotidyltransferase fold protein MAB21L1 ▶     Carina C. de Oliveira Mann, Reiner Kiefersauer, Gregor Witte et al.     The exceptionally conserved metazoan MAB21 proteins are implicated in cell fate decisions and share considerable sequence homology with the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase. cGAS is the …             Significance of duon mutations in cancer genomes ▶     Vinod Kumar Yadav, Kyle S. Smith, Colin Flinders et al.     Functional mutations in coding regions not only affect the structure and function of the protein products, but may also modulate their expression in some cases. This class of …             The ORF3 Protein of Genotype 1 Hepatitis E Virus Suppresses TLR3-induced NF-κB Signaling via TRADD and RIP1 ▶     Man He, Min Wang, Ying Huang et al.     Hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotype 1 infection is common and can emerge as outbreaks in developing areas, thus posing a threat to public health. However, due to the absence of …             Modulation of oxidative stress and subsequent induction of apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress allows citral to decrease cancer cell proliferation ▶     Arvinder Kapur, Mildred Felder, Lucas Fass et al.     The monoterpenoid, citral, when delivered through PEG-b-PCL nanoparticles inhibits in vivo growth of 4T1 breast tumors. Here, we show that citral inhibits proliferation of …             Sex differences in neural and behavioral signatures of cooperation revealed by fNIRS hyperscanning ▶     Joseph M. Baker, Ning Liu, Xu Cui et al.     Researchers from multiple fields have sought to understand how sex moderates human social behavior. While over 50 years of research has revealed differences in cooperation …             Structural Ensembles of Membrane-bound α-Synuclein Reveal the Molecular Determinants of Synaptic Vesicle Affinity ▶     Giuliana Fusco, Alfonso De Simone, Paolo Arosio et al.     A detailed characterisation of the molecular determinants of membrane binding by α-synuclein (αS), a 140-residue protein whose aggregation is associated with Parkinson’s disease, …             Patterns of taxonomic, phylogenetic diversity during a long-term succession of forest on the Loess Plateau, China: insights into assembly process ▶     Yongfu Chai, Ming Yue, Xiao Liu et al.     Quantifying the drivers underlying the distribution of biodiversity during succession is a critical issue in ecology and conservation, and also can provide insights into the …             Anticipatory Manoeuvres in Bird Flight ▶     Hong D. Vo, Ingo Schiffner, Mandyam V. Srinivasan     It is essential for birds to be agile and aware of their immediate environment, especially when flying through dense foliage. To investigate the type of visual signals and …             Antithrombin controls tumor migration, invasion and angiogenesis by inhibition of enteropeptidase ▶     Ginés Luengo-Gil, María Inmaculada Calvo, Ester Martín-Villar et al.     Antithrombin is a key inhibitor of the coagulation cascade, but it may also function as an anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, anti-viral and anti-apoptotic protein. Here, we …             Ovarian proteomic study reveals the possible molecular mechanism for hyperprolificacy of Small Tail Han sheep ▶     Xiangyang Miao, Qingmiao Luo, Huijing Zhao et al.     Small Tail Han sheep is a widely bred farm animal in China which has attracted lots of attention due to their high prolificacy and year-round estrus. However, the molecular …             M2-polarized macrophages contribute to neovasculogenesis, leading to relapse of oral cancer following radiation ▶     Makiko Okubo, Mitomu Kioi, Hideyuki Nakashima et al.     Despite the fact that radiation is one of the standard therapies in the treatment of patients with oral cancer, tumours can recur even in the early stages of the disease, …             Computational support for a scaffolding mechanism of centriole assembly ▶     Heinrich C. R. Klein, Paul Guichard, Virginie Hamel et al.     Centrioles are essential for forming cilia, flagella and centrosomes. Successful centriole assembly requires proteins of the SAS-6 family, which can form oligomeric ring …             Association-heterogeneity mapping identifies an Asian-specific association of the GTF2I locus with rheumatoid arthritis ▶     Kwangwoo Kim, So-Young Bang, Katsunori Ikari et al.     Considerable sharing of disease alleles among populations is well-characterized in autoimmune disorders (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis), but there are some exceptional loci showing …             Reassortment compatibility between PB1, PB2, and HA genes of the two influenza B virus lineages in mammalian cells ▶     Jin Il Kim, Ilseob Lee, Sehee Park et al.     In addition to influenza A subtypes, two distinct lineages of influenza B virus also cause seasonal epidemics to humans. Recently, Dudas et al. have done evolutionary analyses of …             Genetic variations associated with six-white-point coat pigmentation in Diannan small-ear pigs ▶     Meng-Die Lü, Xu-Man Han, Yun-Fei Ma et al.     A common phenotypic difference among domestic animals is variation in coat color. Six-white-point is a pigmentation pattern observed in varying pig breeds, which seems to have …             Involvement of the neuronal phosphotyrosine signal adaptor N-Shc in kainic acid-induced epileptiform activity ▶     Shiro Baba, Kazuko Onga, Sho Kakizawa et al.     BDNF-TrkB signaling is implicated in experimental seizures and epilepsy. However, the downstream signaling involved in the epileptiform activity caused by TrkB receptor …             Acousto-microfluidics for screening of ssDNA aptamer ▶     Jee-Woong Park, Su Jin Lee, Shuo Ren et al.     We demonstrate a new screening method for obtaining a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) binding aptamer based on an acoustofluidic separation (acoustophoreis) technique. Since …             A method to estimate the contribution of regional genetic associations to complex traits from summary association statistics ▶     Guillaume Pare, Shihong Mao, Wei Q. Deng     Despite considerable efforts, known genetic associations only explain a small fraction of predicted heritability. Regional associations combine information from multiple …             Forced rather than voluntary exercise entrains peripheral clocks via a corticosterone/noradrenaline increase in PER2::LUC mice ▶     Hiroyuki Sasaki, Yuta Hattori, Yuko Ikeda et al.     Exercise during the inactive period can entrain locomotor activity and peripheral circadian clock rhythm in mice; however, mechanisms underlying this entrainment are yet to be …             Subtilisin-like protease-1 secreted through type IV secretion system contributes to high virulence of Streptococcus suis 2 ▶     Supeng Yin, Ming Li, Xiancai Rao et al.     Streptococcus suis serotype 2 is an emerging zoonotic pathogen that triggered two outbreaks of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) in China. Our previous research …             Interleukin-1β induced Stress Granules Sequester COX-2 mRNA and Regulates its Stability and Translation in Human OA Chondrocytes ▶     Mohammad Y. Ansari, Tariq M. Haqqi     Enhanced and immediate expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA is observed in IL-1β-stimulated OA chondrocytes but the synthesis of protein found significantly delayed. Here …             Information content and acoustic structure of male African elephant social rumbles ▶     Angela S. Stoeger, Anton Baotic     Until recently, the prevailing theory about male African elephants (Loxodonta africana) was that, once adult and sexually mature, males are solitary and targeted only at finding …             Analysis of miRNAs and their target genes associated with lipid metabolism in duck liver ▶     Jun He, Weiqun Wang, Lizhi Lu et al.     Fat character is an important index in duck culture that linked to local flavor, feed cost and fat intake for costumers. Since the regulation networks in duck lipid metabolism …             Long non-coding RNA LINC00628 functions as a gastric cancer suppressor via long-range modulating the expression of cell cycle related genes ▶     Zi-Zhen Zhang, Gang Zhao, Chun Zhuang et al.     To discover new biomarkers for gastric cancer (GC) diagnose and treatment, we screened the lncRNAs in GC tissues from 5 patients. We found 6 lncRNAs had altered expression, and …             Glucose induced activation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma is regulated by DKK4 ▶     Surbhi Chouhan, Snahlata Singh, Dipti Athavale et al.     Elevated glycemic index, an important feature of diabetes is implicated in an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of …             The C-terminal region of Trypanosoma cruzi MASPs is antigenic and secreted via exovesicles ▶     Luis Miguel De Pablos, Isabel María Díaz Lozano, Maria Isabel Jercic et al.     Trypanosoma cruzi is the etiological agent of Chagas disease, a neglected and emerging tropical disease, endemic to South America and present in non-endemic regions due to human …             Cinnamaldehyde and allopurinol reduce fructose-induced cardiac inflammation and fibrosis by attenuating CD36-mediated TLR4/6-IRAK4/1 signaling to suppress NLRP3 inflammasome activation ▶     Lin-Lin Kang, Dong-Mei Zhang, Chun-Hua Ma et al.     Fructose consumption induces metabolic syndrome to increase cardiovascular disease risk. Cinnamaldehyde and allopurinol possess anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activity to …             Design of an α-helical antimicrobial peptide with improved cell-selective and potent anti-biofilm activity ▶     Shi-Kun Zhang, Jin-wen Song, Feng Gong et al.     AR-23 is a melittin-related peptide with 23 residues. Like melittin, its high α-helical amphipathic structure results in strong bactericidal activity and cytotoxicity. In this …             Physico-Chemical Condition Optimization during Biosynthesis lead to development of Improved and Catalytically Efficient Gold Nano Particles ▶     Madhuree Kumari, Aradhana Mishra, Shipra Pandey et al.     Biosynthesis of nanoparticles has gained great attention in making the process cost-effective and eco-friendly, but there are limited reports which describe the interdependency …             CRAF R391W is a melanoma driver oncogene ▶     Mohammad Atefi, Bjoern Titz, Jennifer Tsoi et al.     Approximately 75% of melanomas have known driver oncogenic mutations in BRAF, NRAS, GNA11 or GNAQ, while the mutations providing constitutive oncogenic signaling in the remaining …             Penicimenolides A-F, Resorcylic Acid Lactones from Penicillium sp., isolated from the Rhizosphere Soil of Panax notoginseng ▶     Ya-Nan An, Xue Zhang, Tian-Yuan Zhang et al.     Five new 12-membered resorcylic acid lactone derivatives, penicimenolides A-E (1–5), one new ring-opened resorcylic acid lactone derivative penicimenolide F (6), and six known …             Design, biological evaluation and 3D QSAR studies of novel dioxin-containing pyrazoline derivatives with thiourea skeleton as selective HER-2 inhibitors ▶     Bing Yang, Yu-Shun Yang, Na Yang et al.     A series of novel dioxin-containing pyrazoline derivatives with thiourea skeleton have been designed, synthesized and evaluated for their EGFR/HER-2 inhibitory and …             Metagenomic discovery of novel enzymes and biosurfactants in a slaughterhouse biofilm microbial community ▶     Stephan Thies, Sonja Christina Rausch, Filip Kovacic et al.     DNA derived from environmental samples is a rich source of novel bioactive molecules. The choice of the habitat to be sampled predefines the properties of the biomolecules to be …             Local Immune Stimulation by Intravesical Instillation of Baculovirus to Enable Bladder Cancer Therapy ▶     Wei Xia Ang, Ying Zhao, Timothy Kwang et al.     Intravesical instillation of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin is currently used as adjuvant therapy for superficial, non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). However, nearly 40% of …             CRF receptor 1 antagonism and brain distribution of active components contribute to the ameliorative effect of rikkunshito on stress-induced anorexia ▶     Sachiko Mogami, Chiharu Sadakane, Miwa Nahata et al.     Rikkunshito (RKT), a Kampo medicine, has been reported to show an ameliorative effect on sustained hypophagia after novelty stress exposure in aged mice through serotonin 2C …             Macrophage Migration Inhibitor Factor Upregulates MCP-1 Expression in an Autocrine Manner in Hepatocytes during Acute Mouse Liver Injury ▶     Jieshi Xie, Le Yang, Lei Tian et al.     Macrophage migration inhibitor factor (MIF), a multipotent innate immune mediator, is an upstream component of the inflammatory cascade in diseases such as liver disease. …             Role of Cystathionine Gamma-Lyase in Immediate Renal Impairment and Inflammatory Response in Acute Ischemic Kidney Injury ▶     Lajos Markó, István A. Szijártó, Milos R. Filipovic et al.     Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is known to act protectively during renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). However, the role of the endogenous H2S in acute kidney injury (AKI) is …             Inhibition of inflammatory reactions in 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene induced Nc/Nga atopic dermatitis mice by non-thermal plasma ▶     Jeong-Hae Choi, Yeon-Suk Song, Hae-June Lee et al.     Non-thermal plasma (NTP) has recently been introduced and reported as a novel tool with a range of medicinal and biological roles. Although many studies using NTP have been …             Utilizing G2/M retention effect to enhance tumor accumulation of active targeting nanoparticles ▶     Guanlian Hu, Xingli Cun, Shaobo Ruan et al.     In recent years, active targeting strategies by ligand modification have emerged to enhance tumor accumulation of NP, but their clinical application was strictly restricted due …             Inhibition of microtubule dynamics impedes repair of kidney ischemia/reperfusion injury and increases fibrosis ▶     Sang Jun Han, Ji-Hyeon Kim, Jee In Kim et al.     The microtubule cytoskeleton is composed of α-tubulin and β-tubulin heterodimers, and it serves to regulate the shape, motility, and division of a cell. Post-translational …             hSSB1 (NABP2/OBFC2B) is regulated by oxidative stress ▶     Nicolas Paquet, Mark N. Adams, Nicholas W. Ashton et al.     The maintenance of genome stability is an essential cellular process to prevent the development of diseases including cancer. hSSB1 (NABP2/ OBFC2A) is a critical component of the …             Activation of the Renin-Angiotensin System Promotes Colitis Development ▶     Yongyan Shi, Tianjing Liu, Lei He et al.     The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays pathogenic roles in renal and cardiovascular disorders, but whether it is involved in colitis is unclear. Here we show that RenTgMK mice …             (±)-Japonones A and B, two pairs of new enantiomers with anti-KSHV activities from Hypericum japonicum ▶     Linzhen Hu, Hucheng Zhu, Lei Li et al.     Two pairs of new enantiomers with unusual 5,5-spiroketal cores, termed (±)-japonones A and B [(±)-1 and (±)-2], were obtained from Hypericum japonicum Thunb. The absolute …             Common UCP2 variants contribute to serum urate concentrations and the risk of hyperuricemia ▶     Luyu Yang, Zheng Dong, Jingru zhou et al.     Elevated serum urate, which is regulated at multiple levels including genetic variants, is a risk factor for gout and other metabolic diseases. This study aimed to investigate …             DNA Demethylation Rescues the Impaired Osteogenic Differentiation Ability of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells in High Glucose ▶     Zhi Liu, Tian Chen, Wenhua Sun et al.     Diabetes mellitus, characterized by abnormally high blood glucose levels, gives rise to impaired bone remodeling. In response to high glucose (HG), the attenuated osteogenic …             Generative rules of Drosophila locomotor behavior as a candidate homology across phyla ▶     Alex Gomez-Marin, Efrat Oron, Anna Gakamsky et al.     The discovery of shared behavioral processes across phyla is a significant step in the establishment of a comparative study of behavior. We use immobility as an origin and …             Does advancing male age influence the expression levels and localisation patterns of phospholipase C zeta (PLCζ) in human sperm? ▶     Marc Yeste, Celine Jones, Siti Nornadhirah Amdani et al.     Socio-economic factors have led to an increasing trend for couples to delay parenthood. However, advancing age exerts detrimental effects upon gametes which can have serious …             Soluble B7-H3 promotes the invasion and metastasis of pancreatic carcinoma cells through the TLR4/NF-κB pathway ▶     Chao Xie, Danqing Liu, Qijun Chen et al.     Many studies have demonstrated a relationship between soluble B7-H3 (sB7-H3) and the poor prognosis of patients with malignant tumors, and increasing evidence has shown a …             STMN1 Promotes Progesterone Production Via StAR Up-regulation in Mouse Granulosa Cells ▶     Yun-De Dou, Han Zhao, Tao Huang et al.     Stathmin 1 (STMN1) is a biomarker in several types of neoplasms. It plays an important role in cell cycle progression, mitosis, signal transduction and cell migration. In …             The Trend of Age-Group Effect on Prognosis in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer ▶     Rong-liang Shi, Ning Qu, Tian Liao et al.     Age has been included in various prognostic scoring systems for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). The aim of this study is to re-examine the relationship between age and …             Biological Nitrogen Removal through Nitritation Coupled with Thiosulfate-Driven Denitritation ▶     Jin Qian, Junmei Zhou, Zhen Zhang et al.     A novel biological nitrogen removal system based on nitritation coupled with thiosulfate-driven denitritation (Nitritation-TDD) was developed to achieve a high nitrogen removal …             Cardiac arrest triggers hippocampal neuronal death through autophagic and apoptotic pathways ▶     Derong Cui, Hanbing Shang, Xiaoli Zhang et al.     The mechanism of neuronal death induced by ischemic injury remains unknown. We investigated whether autophagy and p53 signaling played a role in the apoptosis of hippocampal …             Posttraumatic Stress Disorder after Vaginal Delivery at Primiparous Women ▶     Maja Milosavljevic, Dusica Lecic Tosevski, Ivan Soldatovic et al.     Although severe gynaecological pathology during delivery and negative outcome have been shown to be related with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) little is known about …             NK cells promote neutrophil recruitment in the brain during sepsis-induced neuroinflammation ▶     Hao He, Tingting Geng, Piyun Chen et al.     Sepsis could affect the central nervous system and thus induces neuroinflammation, which subsequently leads to brain damage or dysfunction. However, the mechanisms of generation …             Histone acetyltransferase HAT4 modulates navigation across G2/M and re-entry into G1 in Leishmania donovani ▶     Aarti Yadav, Udita Chandra, Swati Saha     Histone acetyltransferases impact multiple processes. This study investigates the role of histone acetyltransferase HAT4 in Leishmania donovani. Though HAT4 was dispensable for …             An Unroofing Method to Observe the Cytoskeleton Directly at Molecular Resolution Using Atomic Force Microscopy ▶     Eiji Usukura, Akihiro Narita, Akira Yagi et al.     An improved unroofing method enabled the cantilever of an atomic force microscope (AFM) to reach directly into a cell to visualize the intracellular cytoskeletal actin filaments, …             Reversing diet-induced metabolic dysregulation by diet switching leads to altered hepatic de novo lipogenesis and glycerolipid synthesis ▶     Greg M. Kowalski, Steven Hamley, Ahrathy Selathurai et al.     In humans, low-energy diets rapidly reduce hepatic fat and improve/normalise glycemic control. Due to difficulties in obtaining human liver, little is known about changes to the …             CdGAP/ARHGAP31, a Cdc42/Rac1 GTPase regulator, is critical for vascular development and VEGF-mediated angiogenesis ▶     Christine Caron, Jonathan DeGeer, Patrick Fournier et al.     Mutations in the CdGAP/ARHGAP31 gene, which encodes a GTPase-activating protein for Rac1 and Cdc42, have been reported causative in the Adams-Oliver developmental syndrome often …             Yap/Taz transcriptional activity in endothelial cells promotes intramembranous ossification via the BMP pathway ▶     Mami Uemura, Ayumi Nagasawa, Kenta Terai     Osteogenesis is categorized into two groups based on developmental histology, intramembranous and endochondral ossification. The role of blood vessels during endochondral …             Patient derived mutation W257G of PPP2R1A enhances cancer cell migration through SRC-JNK-c-Jun pathway ▶     Ae Lee Jeong, Sora Han, Sunyi Lee et al.     Mutation of PPP2R1A has been observed at high frequency in endometrial serous carcinomas but at low frequency in ovarian clear cell carcinoma. However, the biological role of …             Serum stress responsive gene EhslncRNA of Entamoeba histolytica is a novel long noncoding RNA ▶     Arpita Saha, Sudha Bhattacharya, Alok Bhattacharya     Non coding RNAs are known to play important roles in regulating gene expression at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels in metazoans. There is very little …             HDAC inhibition promotes both initial consolidation and reconsolidation of spatial memory in mice ▶     Hélène Villain, Cédrick Florian, Pascal Roullet     Accumulating evidence suggests a critical role for epigenetic regulations in long term memory (LTM) formation. Among them, post-translational modifications of proteins, as …             A 2-Cys peroxiredoxin in response to oxidative stress in the pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus ▶     Zhen Li, Qingwen Zhang, Xuguo Zhou     The pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, is the causal agent of pine wilt disease that has devastated pine forests in Asia. Parasitic nematodes are known to have …             Novel TetR family transcriptional factor regulates expression of multiple transport-related genes and affects rifampicin resistance in Mycobacterium smegmatis ▶     Huicong Liu, Min Yang, Zheng-Guo He     Transport-related genes significantly affect bacterial antibiotic resistance. However, the effects of these genes and their regulation of bacterial drug resistance in several …             An Atomic Force Microscope with Dual Actuation Capability for Biomolecular Experiments ▶     Semih Sevim, Naveen Shamsudhin, Sevil Ozer et al.     We report a modular atomic force microscope (AFM) design for biomolecular experiments. The AFM head uses readily available components and incorporates deflection-based optics and …             Horizontal gene transfer events reshape the global landscape of arm race between viruses and homo sapiens ▶     Dong-Sheng Chen, Yi-Quan Wu, Wei Zhang et al.     Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) drives the evolution of recipient organism particularly if it provides a novel function which enhances the fitness or its adaption to the …             Responses of corn physiology and yield to six agricultural practices over three years in middle Tennessee ▶     Chih-Li Yu, Dafeng Hui, Qi Deng et al.     Different agricultural practices may have substantial impacts on crop physiology and yield. However, it is still not entirely clear how multiple agricultural practices such as …             Phylogenetic analysis and pathogenicity of H3 subtype avian influenza viruses isolated from live poultry markets in China ▶     Hongrui Cui, Ying Shi, Tao Ruan et al.     H3 subtype influenza A virus is one of the main subtypes that threats both public and animal health. However, the evolution and pathogenicity of H3 avian influenza virus (AIV) …             Process and kinetics of azo dye decolourization in bioelectrochemical systems: effect of several key factors ▶     Hou-Yun Yang, Chuan-Shu He, Lei Li et al.     This study explored the influence of several key factors on the process and kinetics of azo dye decolourization in bioelectrochemical systems (BESs), including cathode potential, …             Summer diapause induced by high temperatures in the oriental tobacco budworm: ecological adaptation to hot summers ▶     Zhudong Liu, Yucui Xin, Yanan Zhang et al.     Summer diapause in Helicoverpa assulta (Hübner), which prolongs the pupal stage, particularly in males, is induced by high temperatures. In the laboratory, 3rd-, 4th-, 6th-instar …             Thyrostimulin-TSHR signaling promotes the proliferation of NIH:OVCAR-3 ovarian cancer cells via trans-regulation of the EGFR pathway ▶     Wei-Lin Huang, Zhongyou Li, Ting-Yu Lin et al.     Gonadotropin signaling plays an indispensable role in ovarian cancer progression. We previously have demonstrated that thyrostimulin and thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor …             Peptide aromatic interactions modulated by fluorinated residues: Synthesis, structure and biological activity of Somatostatin analogs containing 3-(3′,5′difluorophenyl)-alanine ▶     Pablo Martín-Gago, Álvaro Rol, Toni Todorovski et al.     Somatostatin is a 14-residue peptide hormone that regulates the endocrine system by binding to five G-protein-coupled receptors (SSTR1–5). We have designed six new Somatostatin …             Stepping-stones and dispersal flow: establishment of a meta-population of Milu (Elaphurus davidianus) through natural re-wilding ▶     Daode Yang, Yucheng Song, Jianzhang Ma et al.     The Milu (Père David’s deer, Elaphurus davidianus) became extinct in China in the early 20th century but was reintroduced to the country. The reintroduced Milu escaped from a …             The morphogen Decapentaplegic employs a two-tier mechanism to activate target retinal determining genes during ectopic eye formation in Drosophila ▶     Poonam Aggarwal, Jayati Gera, Lolitika Mandal et al.     Understanding the role of morphogen in activating its target genes, otherwise epigenetically repressed, during change in cell fate specification is a very fascinating yet …             Neural substrates and behavioral profiles of romantic jealousy and its temporal dynamics ▶     Yan Sun, Hongbo Yu, Jie Chen et al.     Jealousy is not only a way of experiencing love but also a stabilizer of romantic relationships, although morbid romantic jealousy is maladaptive. Being engaged in a formal …             Slitrk1 is localized to excitatory synapses and promotes their development ▶     François Beaubien, Reesha Raja, Timothy E. Kennedy et al.     Following the migration of the axonal growth cone to its target area, the initial axo-dendritic contact needs to be transformed into a functional synapse. This multi-step process …             Sulfation of the FLAG epitope is affected by co-expression of G protein-coupled receptors in a mammalian cell model ▶     Morag Rose Hunter, Natasha Lillia Grimsey, Michelle Glass     G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are important therapeutic targets and therefore extensively studied. Like most transmembrane proteins, there has been considerable difficulty …             Long-term mindfulness training is associated with reliable differences in resting respiration rate ▶     Joseph Wielgosz, Brianna S. Schuyler, Antoine Lutz et al.     Respiration rate is known to correlate with aspects of psychological well-being, and attention to respiration is a central component of mindfulness meditation training. Both …             Optimal hash arrangement of tentacles in jellyfish ▶     Takuya Okabe, Jin Yoshimura     At first glance, the trailing tentacles of a jellyfish appear to be randomly arranged. However, close examination of medusae has revealed that the arrangement and developmental …             Structure and calcium-binding studies of calmodulin-like domain of human non-muscle α-actinin-1 ▶     Sara Drmota Prebil, Urška Slapšak, Miha Pavšič et al.     The activity of several cytosolic proteins critically depends on the concentration of calcium ions. One important intracellular calcium-sensing protein is α-actinin-1, the major …             Structural flexibility of the periplasmic protein, FlgA, regulates flagellar P-ring assembly in Salmonella enterica ▶     Hideyuki Matsunami, Young-Ho Yoon, Vladimir A. Meshcheryakov et al.     A periplasmic flagellar chaperone protein, FlgA, is required for P-ring assembly in bacterial flagella of taxa such as Salmonella enterica or Escherichia coli. The mechanism of …             Performance in a GO/NOGO perceptual task reflects a balance between impulsive and instrumental components of behaviour ▶     A. Berditchevskaia, R. D. Cazé, S. R. Schultz     In recent years, simple GO/NOGO behavioural tasks have become popular due to the relative ease with which they can be combined with technologies such as in vivo multiphoton …             Advanced uracil DNA glycosylase-supplemented real-time reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (UDG-rRT-LAMP) method for universal and specific detection of Tembusu virus ▶     Yi Tang, Hao Chen, Youxiang Diao     Tembusu virus (TMUV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus which threatens both poultry production and public health. In this study we developed a complete open reading frame …             Discrimination of human faces by archerfish (Toxotes chatareus) ▶     Cait Newport, Guy Wallis, Yarema Reshitnyk et al.     Two rival theories of how humans recognize faces exist: (i) recognition is innate, relying on specialized neocortical circuitry, and (ii) recognition is a learned expertise, …             Sesterterpene ophiobolin biosynthesis involving multiple gene clusters in Aspergillus ustus ▶     Hangzhen Chai, Ru Yin, Yongfeng Liu et al.     Terpenoids are the most diverse and abundant natural products among which sesterterpenes account for less than 2%, with very few reports on their biosynthesis. Ophiobolins are …             Low molecular weight glutenin subunit gene Glu-B3h confers superior dough strength and breadmaking quality in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) ▶     Yaping Wang, Shoumin Zhen, Nana Luo et al.     Low molecular weight glutenin subunit is one of the important quality elements in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Although considerable allelic variation has been identified, the …             Cascade degradation of organic matters in brewery wastewater using a continuous stirred microbial electrochemical reactor and analysis of microbial communities ▶     Haiman Wang, Youpeng Qu, Da Li et al.     A continuous stirred microbial electrochemical reactor (CSMER), comprising of a complete mixing zone (CMZ) and microbial electrochemical zone (MEZ), was used for brewery …             Giant Panda Maternal Care: A Test of the Experience Constraint Hypothesis ▶     Rebecca J. Snyder, Bonnie M. Perdue, Zhihe Zhang et al.     The body condition constraint and the experience condition constraint hypotheses have both been proposed to account for differences in reproductive success between multiparous …             The ghost sex-life of the paedogenetic beetle Micromalthus debilis ▶     M. Alejandra Perotti, Daniel K. Young, Henk R. Braig     Genetic and sexual systems can be evolutionarily dynamic within and among clades. However, identifying the processes responsible for switches between, for instance, sexual and …             Dicer functions as an antiviral system against human adenoviruses via cleavage of adenovirus-encoded noncoding RNA ▶     Mitsuhiro Machitani, Fuminori Sakurai, Keisaku Wakabayashi et al.     In various organisms, including nematodes and plants, RNA interference (RNAi) is a defense system against virus infection; however, it is unclear whether RNAi functions as an …             Rapid identification of fruit length loci in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) using next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based QTL analysis ▶     Qing-zhen Wei, Wen-yuan Fu, Yun-zhu Wang et al.     The cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) exhibits extensive variations in fruit size and shape. Fruit length is an important agronomic and domesticated trait controlled by quantitative …             Biodegradable Mg-Cu alloys with enhanced osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and long-lasting antibacterial effects ▶     Chen Liu, Xuekun Fu, Haobo Pan et al.     A series of biodegradable Mg-Cu alloys is designed to induce osteogenesis, stimulate angiogenesis, and provide long-lasting antibacterial performance at the same time. The Mg-Cu …             Population structure of eleven Spanish ovine breeds and detection of selective sweeps with BayeScan and hapFLK ▶     A. Manunza, T. F. Cardoso, A. Noce et al.     The goals of the current work were to analyse the population structure of 11 Spanish ovine breeds and to detect genomic regions that may have been targeted by selection. A total …             Climacostol reduces tumour progression in a mouse model of melanoma via the p53-dependent intrinsic apoptotic programme ▶     Cristiana Perrotta, Federico Buonanno, Silvia Zecchini et al.     Climacostol, a compound produced by the ciliated protozoan Climacostomum virens, displayed cytotoxic properties in vitro. This study demonstrates that it has anti-tumour …             Regulation of Airway Inflammation by G-protein Regulatory Motif Peptides of AGS3 protein ▶     IL-Whan Choi, Do Whan Ahn, Jang-Kyu Choi et al.     Respiratory diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung infections have critical consequences on mortality and morbidity in humans. The aims …             Dependency Network Analysis (DEPNA) Reveals Context Related Influence of Brain Network Nodes ▶     Yael Jacob, Yonatan Winetraub, Gal Raz et al.     Communication between and within brain regions is essential for information processing within functional networks. The current methods to determine the influence of one region on …             Tumour Suppressor Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC) localisation is regulated by both Kinesin-1 and Kinesin-2 ▶     Peter T. Ruane, Laura F. Gumy, Becky Bola et al.     Microtubules and their associated proteins (MAPs) underpin the polarity of specialised cells. Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) is one such MAP with a multifunctional agenda that …             Genome sequence of Perigonia lusca single nucleopolyhedrovirus: insights into the evolution of a nucleotide metabolism enzyme in the family Baculoviridae ▶     Daniel M. P. Ardisson-Araújo, Rayane Nunes Lima, Fernando L. Melo et al.     The genome of a novel group II alphabaculovirus, Perigonia lusca single nucleopolyhedrovirus (PeluSNPV), was sequenced and shown to contain 132,831 bp with 145 putative ORFs …             Variation of outdoor illumination as a function of solar elevation and light pollution ▶     Manuel Spitschan, Geoffrey K. Aguirre, David H. Brainard et al.     The illumination of the environment undergoes both intensity and spectral changes during the 24 h cycle of a day. Daylight spectral power distributions are well described by …             Transcriptional reprogramming and phenotypic switching associated with the adaptation of Lactobacillus plantarum C2 to plant niches ▶     Pasquale Filannino, Raffaella Di Cagno, Carmine Crecchio et al.     Lactobacillus plantarum has been isolated from a large variety of ecological niches, thus highlighting its remarkable environmental adaptability as a generalist. Plant …             Stimulation of superoxide production increases fungicidal action of miconazole against Candida albicans biofilms ▶     Kaat De Cremer, Katrijn De Brucker, Ines Staes et al.     We performed a whole-transcriptome analysis of miconazole-treated Candida albicans biofilms, using RNA-sequencing. Our aim was to identify molecular pathways employed by biofilm …             Detection of Burkholderia pseudomallei toxin-mediated inhibition of protein synthesis using a Caenorhabditis elegans ugt–29 biosensor ▶     Rui-Rui Wong, Cin Kong, Song-Hua Lee et al.     Toxins are believed to play a crucial role in Burkholderia pseudomallei pathogenicity, however to date, only a few have been identified. The discovery of additional toxic …             iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis reveals potential factors associated with the enhancement of phenazine-1-carboxamide production in Pseudomonas chlororaphis P3 ▶     Xue-Jie Jin, Hua-Song Peng, Hong-Bo Hu et al.     Phenazine-1-carboxamide (PCN), a phenazine derivative, is strongly antagonistic to fungal phytopathogens. Pseudomonas chlororaphis HT66 is a PCN-producing, non-pathogenic …             Primary blast causes mild, moderate, severe and lethal TBI with increasing blast overpressures: Experimental rat injury model ▶     Vikas Mishra, Maciej Skotak, Heather Schuetz et al.     Injury severity in blast induced Traumatic Brain Injury (bTBI) increases with blast overpressure (BOP) and impulse in dose-dependent manner. Pure primary blast waves were …             Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein L is required for the survival and functional integrity of murine hematopoietic stem cells ▶     Marie-Claude Gaudreau, Damien Grapton, Anne Helness et al.     The proliferation and survival of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) has to be strictly coordinated to ensure the timely production of all blood cells. Here we report that the …             Hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines retain the genomic and transcriptomic landscapes of primary human cancers ▶     Zhixin Qiu, Keke Zou, Liping Zhuang et al.     Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines are useful in vitro models for the study of primary HCCs. Because cell lines acquire additional mutations in culture, it is important to …             Complexity and Specificity of the Neutrophil Transcriptomes in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ▶     Zihua Hu, Kaiyu Jiang, Mark Barton Frank et al.     NIH projects such as ENCODE and Roadmap Epigenomics have revealed surprising complexity in the transcriptomes of mammalian cells. In this study, we explored transcriptional …             Networks of plants: how to measure similarity in vegetable species ▶     Gianna Vivaldo, Elisa Masi, Camilla Pandolfi et al.     Despite the common misconception of nearly static organisms, plants do interact continuously with the environment and with each other. It is fair to assume that during their …             Suppressing epileptic activity in a neural mass model using a closed-loop proportional-integral controller ▶     Junsong Wang, Ernst Niebur, Jinyu Hu et al.     Closed-loop control is a promising deep brain stimulation (DBS) strategy that could be used to suppress high-amplitude epileptic activity. However, there are currently no …             Antinociceptive effects of dehydrocorydaline in mouse models of inflammatory pain involve the opioid receptor and inflammatory cytokines ▶     Zhi-Yu Yin, Lu Li, Shuai-Shuai Chu et al.     Dehydrocorydaline (DHC) is an alkaloidal component isolated from Rhizoma corydalis. Previous studies have shown that DHC has anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects and that it …             Middle-Upper Pleistocene climate changes shaped the divergence and demography of Cycas guizhouensis (Cycadaceae): Evidence from DNA sequences and microsatellite markers ▶     Xiuyan Feng, Ying Zheng, Xun Gong     Climatic oscillations in the Pleistocene have had profound effects on the demography and genetic diversity of many extant species. Cycas guizhouensis Lan & R.F. Zou is an endemic …             Programmable DNA Nanosystem for Molecular Interrogation ▶     Divita Mathur, Eric R. Henderson     We describe a self-assembling DNA-based nanosystem for interrogating molecular interactions. The nanosystem contains a rigid supporting dumbbell-shaped frame, a cylindrical …             Stenosis triggers spread of helical Pseudomonas biofilms in cylindrical flow systems ▶     David R. Espeso, Ana Carpio, Esteban Martínez-García et al.     Biofilms are multicellular bacterial structures that adhere to surfaces and often endow the bacterial population with tolerance to antibiotics and other environmental insults. …             A Miniaturized Therapeutic Chromophore for Multiple Metal Pollutant Sensing, Pathological Metal Diagnosis and Logical Computing ▶     Bhimsen Rout     The efficacy of a miniaturized unimolecular analytic system is illustrated. The easily accessible therapeutic chromophore “temoporfin”, which responds differentially to bound …             Assessment of Heterotrophic Growth Supported by Soluble Microbial Products in Anammox Biofilm using Multidimensional Modeling ▶     Yiwen Liu, Jing Sun, Lai Peng et al.     Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is known to autotrophically convert ammonium to dinitrogen gas with nitrite as the electron acceptor, but little is known about their …             Stromal fibroblasts derived from mammary gland of bovine with mastitis display inflammation-specific changes ▶     Qing Chen, Guiliang He, Wenyao Zhang et al.     Fibroblasts are predominant components of mammary stromal cells and play crucial roles in the development and involution of bovine mammary gland; however, whether these cells …             The topology of large Open Connectome networks for the human brain ▶     Michael T. Gastner, Géza Ódor     The structural human connectome (i.e. the network of fiber connections in the brain) can be analyzed at ever finer spatial resolution thanks to advances in neuroimaging. Here we …             Transcriptional enhancement of Smn levels in motoneurons is crucial for proper axon morphology in zebrafish ▶     Zoltán Spiró, Angela Koh, Shermaine Tay et al.     An unresolved mystery in the field of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is why a reduction of the ubiquitously expressed Smn protein causes defects mostly in motoneurons. We …             Requirements for nucleocapsid-mediated regulation of reverse transcription during the late steps of HIV-1 assembly ▶     Pierre-Jean Racine, Célia Chamontin, Hugues de Rocquigny et al.     HIV-1 is a retrovirus replicating within cells by reverse transcribing its genomic RNA (gRNA) into DNA. Within cells, virus assembly requires the structural Gag proteins with few …             Model biases in rice phenology under warmer climates ▶     Tianyi Zhang, Tao Li, Xiaoguang Yang et al.     Climate-induced crop yields model projections are constrained by the accuracy of the phenology simulation in crop models. Here, we use phenology observations from 775 trials with …             Effect of Anatomically Realistic Full-Head Model on Activation of Cortical Neurons in Subdural Cortical Stimulation—A Computational Study ▶     Hyeon Seo, Donghyeon Kim, Sung Chan Jun     Electrical brain stimulation (EBS) is an emerging therapy for the treatment of neurological disorders, and computational modeling studies of EBS have been used to determine the …             Early Invasive Strategy for Unstable Angina: a New Meta-Analysis of Old Clinical Trials ▶     Olivia Manfrini, Beatrice Ricci, Ada Dormi et al.     Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were conflicting to support whether unstable angina versus non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (UA/NSTEMI) patients best undergo early …             Ghrelin accelerates wound healing through GHS-R1a-mediated MAPK-NF-κB/GR signaling pathways in combined radiation and burn injury in rats ▶     Cong Liu, Jiawei Huang, Hong Li et al.     The therapeutic effect of ghrelin on wound healing was assessed using a rat model of combined radiation and burn injury (CRBI). Rat ghrelin, anti-rat tumor necrosis factor (TNF) …             Discrimination of Breast Cancer with Microcalcifications on Mammography by Deep Learning ▶     Jinhua Wang, Xi Yang, Hongmin Cai et al.     Microcalcification is an effective indicator of early breast cancer. To improve the diagnostic accuracy of microcalcifications, this study evaluates the performance of deep …             Photodynamic therapy inhibit Fibroblast Growth Factor-10 induced keratinocyte differentiation and proliferation through ROS in Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor-2b pathway ▶     Maya Valeska Gozali, Fei Yi, Jia-an Zhang et al.     5-aminolevulinic acid-photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) is known to be effective in several skin diseases such as acne, actinic keratoses, condyloma acuminata. However, some …             Lysosomal protease cathepsin D; a new driver of apoptosis during acute kidney injury ▶     Pasquale Cocchiaro, Christopher Fox, Nicholas W. Tregidgo et al.     Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an abrupt reduction in kidney function caused by different pathological processes. It is associated with a significant morbidity and mortality in the …             High-throughput screening of filamentous fungi using nanoliter-range droplet-based microfluidics ▶     Thomas Beneyton, I. Putu Mahendra Wijaya, Prexilia Postros et al.     Filamentous fungi are an extremely important source of industrial enzymes because of their capacity to secrete large quantities of proteins. 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