Nature Materials contents: July 2016 Volume 15 Number 7 pp 687-801

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TABLE OF CONTENTS July 2016 Volume 15, Issue 7 Editorial Features Interview News and Views Letters Articles Subscribe   Facebook   RSS   Recommend to library   Twitter   Focus Top Materials science in China Focus issue: July 2016 Volume 15, No 7 Table of contents Materials science is highly active in China: it contributes new technologies to help drive the economy, and gives researchers a high-profile platform from which to demonstrate research capabilities. This focus explores the development and current state of play of some of the most active areas of materials science in China. Advertisement Launching in January 2017 - Nature Biomedical Engineering Discovery and technology for human health A new online journal for bench scientists, clinicians and medical engineers. Register for the journal's e-alert to receive content and news from the beginning.   Advertisement Celebrating 10,000 articles published On the 20th April 2016, Nature Communications celebrated publishing its 10,000 article. To celebrate this milestone our editors have selected a sample of articles from each subject area published in the last five years. Access the highlights here and sign up for free article e-alerts to stay up-to-date on all the latest content as it is published.   Editorial Top Driving a materials economy   p687 doi:10.1038/nmat4688 Materials research has long been highly active in China and could offer advanced technologies to boost the economy. Features Top China's mark on materials   p688 doi:10.1038/nmat4690 Unearthing new physics   pp688 - 689 Qi-Kun Xue doi:10.1038/nmat4679 Condensed-matter physics is one of the most active research topics in China. Qi-Kun Xue considers the reasons underpinning its success. China's first pulsed neutron source   pp689 - 691 Hesheng Chen and Xun-Li Wang doi:10.1038/nmat4655 The China Spallation Neutron Source is expected to produce its first beam in 2017. Hesheng Chen and Xun-Li Wang provide an overview of this user facility and what it means for science in China and elsewhere. Thermoelectric materials step up   pp691 - 692 Xun Shi and Lidong Chen doi:10.1038/nmat4643 Xun Shi and Lidong Chen summarize recent progress in the field of thermoelectric materials in China, and discuss steps towards the realization of commercially viable devices. Boosting computational capabilities   pp693 - 694 Hai-Qing Lin doi:10.1038/nmat4675 Computational materials science has grown in China in recent times. Hai-Qing Lin gives an overview of China's efforts towards a Materials Genome Initiative and the challenges faced. High pressure presses ahead   pp694 - 695 Ho-kwang Mao doi:10.1038/nmat4642 Ho-kwang Mao discusses the history of high-pressure research in China, and recent developments to ensure further success. Microscopy sparks development   pp695 - 697 Ze Zhang and Xiaodong Han doi:10.1038/nmat4656 Electron microscopy has seen a massive boom in China. Ze Zhang and Xiaodong Han discuss what this could mean for materials research and development. Graphene commercialization   pp697 - 698 Xiaoyue Xiao, Yichun Li and Zhaoping Liu doi:10.1038/nmat4665 Graphene is extensively researched in China. Xiaoyue Xiao, Yichun Li and Zhaoping Liu illustrate how the China Innovation Alliance of the Graphene Industry aims to harness this for commercial opportunities. Interview Top Metallurgy is key   pp699 - 700 John Plummer doi:10.1038/nmat4657 Metallurgy has been crucial to the development of China and its economy. Ke Lu, director of the Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, talks to Nature Materials about the outlook for metallurgy and materials science in China. News and Views Top Quantum materials: Kitaev's exact solution approximated   pp701 - 702 N. Peter Armitage doi:10.1038/nmat4667 For 25 years of condensed matter science, physicists have searched for a material that realizes a macroscopic quantum state of matter: the quantum spin liquid. Recent experiments show that a necessary interaction may be found in a family of hexagonal ruthenium-based materials. See also: Article by Banerjee et al. Giant Rydberg excitons: Probing quantum chaos   pp702 - 703 Elena A. Ostrovskaya and Franco Nori doi:10.1038/nmat4670 Giant Rydberg excitons reveal signatures of quantum chaotic behaviour in the presence of time-reversal symmetry breaking enforced by the background solid-state lattice, and they provide a new mesoscopic platform for fundamental studies of quantum chaos. See also: Article by Aßmann et al. Obituary: Walter Kohn (1923-2016)   p704 Matthias Scheffler and Dieter Hoffmann doi:10.1038/nmat4669 Organic photovoltaics: Strong absorption in stiff polymers   pp705 - 706 John Grey doi:10.1038/nmat4666 Greater rigidity of conjugated polymer backbones increases their light-harvesting ability, making them better performers in solar-cell applications. See also: Article by Vezie et al. Polymer membranes: Contorted separation   pp706 - 707 Neil B. McKeown doi:10.1038/nmat4680 A thin, porous polymer membrane fabricated using kinked monomers shows high solvent permeance while selectively blocking larger molecules. See also: Article by Jimenez-Solomon et al. Chiral bundles: Frustrated shapes   pp707 - 709 Eran Sharon and Hillel Aharoni doi:10.1038/nmat4678 Geometric frustration governs shape selection in fibrous materials. See also: Letter by Hall et al. Material witness: This season's colours   p709 Philip Ball doi:10.1038/nmat4681 Materials JOBS of the week More Science jobs from Materials EVENT Strong Coupling with Organic Molecules, SCOM16 19.10.16 San Sebastian, Spain More science events from Letters Top Strong interfacial exchange field in the graphene/EuS heterostructure   pp711 - 716 Peng Wei, Sunwoo Lee, Florian Lemaitre, Lucas Pinel, Davide Cutaia, Wujoon Cha, Ferhat Katmis, Yu Zhu, Donald Heiman, James Hone, Jagadeesh S. Moodera and Ching-Tzu Chen doi:10.1038/nmat4603 A magnetic exchange field confined within graphene and higher than 14 T, an enhancement of the spin generation, and a ferromagnetic ground state are found in the graphene/EuS heterostructure—a model of a 2D-material/magnetic-insulator system. Observation of Aubry-type transition in finite atom chains via friction   pp717 - 721 Alexei Bylinskii, Dorian Gangloff, Ian Counts and Vladan Vuletić doi:10.1038/nmat4601 The transition from superlubricity to stick-slip behaviour of a chain of atoms on a periodic surface has now been directly studied experimentally, related to the Aubry transition. Proton conduction in crystalline and porous covalent organic frameworks   pp722 - 726 Hong Xu, Shanshan Tao and Donglin Jiang doi:10.1038/nmat4611 The design of large-pore proton conductors with well-defined high-order structures is challenging. Proton conduction in a crystalline covalent organic framework 2-4 orders of magnitude higher than microporous polymers is now demonstrated. Morphology selection via geometric frustration in chiral filament bundles   pp727 - 732 Douglas M. Hall, Isaac R. Bruss, Justin R. Barone and Gregory M. Grason doi:10.1038/nmat4598 Geometric frustration selects the equilibrium morphology of cohesive bundles of chiral filaments by controlling the relative costs of filament bending and the straining of the cohesive bonds. See also: News and Views by Sharon & Aharoni Advertisement Ready to see a glimpse of tomorrow?  Visit KAUST Discovery today KAUST Discovery highlights the cutting-edge research, technologies and innovations emerging from the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology. From biotechnology, to solar, to materials and marine science: KAUST is working on it. discovery. kaust.edu.sa/en   Articles Top Proximate Kitaev quantum spin liquid behaviour in a honeycomb magnet   pp733 - 740 A. Banerjee, C. A. Bridges, J.-Q. Yan, A. A. Aczel, L. Li, M. B. Stone, G. E. Granroth, M. D. Lumsden, Y. Yiu, J. Knolle, S. Bhattacharjee, D. L. Kovrizhin, R. Moessner, D. A. Tennant, D. G. Mandrus and S. E. Nagler doi:10.1038/nmat4604 Inelastic neutron scattering characterization shows that α-RuCl3 is close to an experimental realization of a Kitaev quantum spin liquid on a honeycomb lattice. The collective excitations provide evidence for deconfined Majorana fermions. See also: News and Views by Armitage Quantum chaos and breaking of all anti-unitary symmetries in Rydberg excitons   pp741 - 745 Marc Aßmann, Johannes Thewes, Dietmar Frohlich and Manfred Bayer doi:10.1038/nmat4622 Applying an external magnetic field to cuprous oxide causes the energy spacings in the exciton spectrum to transition from a Poissonian distribution to one governed by the Gaussian unitary ensemble statistics, revealing a signature of quantum chaos. See also: News and Views by Ostrovskaya & Nori Exploring the origin of high optical absorption in conjugated polymers   pp746 - 753 Michelle S. Vezie, Sheridan Few, Iain Meager, Galatia Pieridou, Bernhard Dörling, Raja Shahid Ashraf, Alejandro R. Goñi, Hugo Bronstein, Iain McCulloch, Sophia C. Hayes, Mariano Campoy-Quiles and Jenny Nelson doi:10.1038/nmat4645 The photocurrent generated in organic photodetectors and solar cells can be enhanced by increasing light absorption in the active layer. It is now shown that an extended persistence length can increase the oscillator strength of conjugated polymers. See also: News and Views by Grey Proton transfer dynamics control the mechanism of O2 reduction by a non-precious metal electrocatalyst   pp754 - 759 Edmund C. M. Tse, Christopher J. Barile, Nicholas A. Kirchschlager, Ying Li, John P. Gewargis, Steven C. Zimmerman, Ali Hosseini and Andrew A. Gewirth doi:10.1038/nmat4636 Controlling proton-coupled electron transfer reactions—an important process for fuel cells—can be challenging. Lipid-modified electrodes are now used to modulate proton transport to a Cu-based catalyst that facilitates oxygen reduction reactions. Polymer nanofilms with enhanced microporosity by interfacial polymerization   pp760 - 767 Maria F. Jimenez-Solomon, Qilei Song, Kim E. Jelfs, Marta Munoz-Ibanez and Andrew G. Livingston doi:10.1038/nmat4638 Here it is shown how ultrathin and microporous polymer membranes, fabricated using sterically contorted monomers, can achieve enhanced performance for solvent-based separations. See also: News and Views by McKeown Reconstructing solute-induced phase transformations within individual nanocrystals   pp768 - 774 Tarun C. Narayan, Andrea Baldi, Ai Leen Koh, Robert Sinclair and Jennifer A. Dionne doi:10.1038/nmat4620 The phase distribution of multiply twinned palladium nanocrystals causes spatially inhomogeneous hydrogen loading, which was imaged in situ. Kinetics of the self-assembly of nanocrystal superlattices measured by real-time in situ X-ray scattering   pp775 - 781 Mark C. Weidman, Detlef-M. Smilgies and William A. Tisdale doi:10.1038/nmat4600 The self-assembly of lead sulfide nanocrystals into a body-centred cubic lattice can be tracked in real time by using in situ grazing-incidence X-ray scattering. Bioresorbable silicon electronics for transient spatiotemporal mapping of electrical activity from the cerebral cortex   pp782 - 791 Ki Jun Yu, Duygu Kuzum, Suk-Won Hwang, Bong Hoon Kim, Halvor Juul, Nam Heon Kim, Sang Min Won, Ken Chiang, Michael Trumpis, Andrew G. Richardson, Huanyu Cheng, Hui Fang, Marissa Thompson, Hank Bink, Delia Talos, Kyung Jin Seo, Hee Nam Lee, Seung-Kyun Kang, Jae-Hwan Kim, Jung Yup Lee, Younggang Huang, Frances E. Jensen, Marc A. Dichter, Timothy H. Lucas, Jonathan Viventi, Brian Litt and John A. Rogers doi:10.1038/nmat4624 Arrays of bioresorbable, highly doped silicon electrodes with multiplexing capabilities are used as electrocorticography sensors to perform in vivo, reliable acute and chronic recordings for up to one month before dissolving in the body. Directed migration of cancer cells guided by the graded texture of the underlying matrix   pp792 - 801 JinSeok Park, Deok-Ho Kim, Hong-Nam Kim, Chiaochun Joanne Wang, Moon Kyu Kwak, Eunmi Hur, Kahp-Yang Suh, Steven S. An and Andre Levchenko doi:10.1038/nmat4586 Cell migration can be directed by the gradient of nanoscale features in the underlying extracellular matrix, with the migration direction depending on the material properties of both the cell and the matrix. 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