| | | | 
npj Climate and Atmospheric Science: open for submissions
An open access, online-only journal providing researchers, policy makers and the public with the latest research on weather and climate, publishing high-quality papers that focus on topics including climate dynamics, climate variability, weather and climate prediction, climate change, weather extremes, atmospheric composition including aerosols, the hydrological cycle and atmosphere-ocean interactions. | | | | | | | | Landscape of somatic mutations in 560 breast cancer whole-genome sequences
Whole-genome sequencing of tumours from 560 breast cancer cases provides a comprehensive genome-wide view of recurrent somatic mutations and mutation frequencies across both protein coding and non-coding regions; several mutational signatures in these cancer genomes are associated with BRCA1 or BRCA2 function and defective homologous-recombination-based DNA repair.
Serena Nik-Zainal, Helen Davies, Johan Staaf et al. | Proteogenomics connects somatic mutations to signalling in breast cancer
Quantitative mass-spectrometry-based proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses of genomically annotated human breast cancer samples elucidates functional consequences of somatic mutations, narrows candidate nominations for driver genes within large deletions and amplified regions, and identifies potential therapeutic targets.
Philipp Mertins, D. R. Mani, Kelly V. Ruggles et al. | Activation of NMDA receptors and the mechanism of inhibition by ifenprodil
X-ray crystallography, single-particle electron cryomicroscopy and electrophysiology were used to study the conformational changes that take place during the activation and inhibition of a mammalian GluN1b–GluN2B N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor.
Nami Tajima, Erkan Karakas, Timothy Grant et al. | Structure of spinach photosystem II–LHCII supercomplex at 3.2 Å resolution
A high-resolution structural study sheds light on processes of energy transfer within the photosynthetic water-splitting machinery of plants.
Xuepeng Wei, Xiaodong Su, Peng Cao et al. | | Regulation of black-hole accretion by a disk wind during a violent outburst of V404 Cygni
A sustained, neutral wind from the outer accretion disk is observed in the transient black hole V404 Cygni during a violent outburst; this unusual wind, which expands at one per cent of the speed of light and triggers a nebular phase once accretion drops sharply and the ejecta become optically thin, probably regulates the outburst evolution of the black hole.
T. Muñoz-Darias, J. Casares, D. Mata Sánchez et al. | Vigorous convection as the explanation for Pluto’s polygonal terrain
A parameterized convection model and observations of the puzzling polygons of the Sputnik Planum region of Pluto are used to compute the Rayleigh number of its nitrogen ice and show that it is vigorously convecting, kilometres thick and about a million years old.
A. J. Trowbridge, H. J. Melosh, J. K. Steckloff et al. | Convection in a volatile nitrogen-ice-rich layer drives Pluto’s geological vigour
The volatile-ice-filled basin informally named Sputnik Planum is central to Pluto’s geological activity; this ice layer is organized into cells or polygons, and it is now shown that convective overturn in a several-kilometre-thick layer of solid nitrogen can explain both the presence of the cells and their great width.
William B. McKinnon, Francis Nimmo, Teresa Wong et al. | Attosecond nonlinear polarization and light–matter energy transfer in solids
Petahertz-bandwidth metrology is demonstrated in the measurement of nonlinear polarization in silica.
A. Sommer, E. M. Bothschafter, S. A. Sato et al. | Oil sands operations as a large source of secondary organic aerosols
The evaporation and atmospheric oxidation of low-volatility organic vapours from mined oil sands material is shown to be responsible for a large amount of secondary organic aerosol mass—which affects air quality and climate change—observed during airborne measurements in Canada.
John Liggio, Shao-Meng Li, Katherine Hayden et al. | Experimental determination of the electrical resistivity of iron at Earth’s core conditions
Using a laser-heated diamond-anvil cell to measure the electrical resistivity of iron under the high temperature and pressure conditions of the Earth’s core yields a value that means Earth’s core has high thermal conductivity, suggesting that its inner core is less than 0.7 billion years old, much younger than thought.
Kenji Ohta, Yasuhiro Kuwayama, Kei Hirose et al. | Direct measurement of thermal conductivity in solid iron at planetary core conditions
The thermal conductivity of solid iron at the pressure and temperature conditions that prevail in the cores of planets is measured directly using a dynamically laser-heated diamond-anvil cell, yielding values that support findings from ancient magnetized rocks that suggest Earth’s magnetic field has persisted since the Earth’s earliest history.
Zuzana Konôpková, R. Stewart McWilliams, Natalia Gómez-Pérez et al. | The industrial melanism mutation in British peppered moths is a transposable element
The mutation responsible for the black carbonaria morph of the peppered moth is identified as a transposable element within the cortex gene.
Arjen E. van’t Hof, Pascal Campagne, Daniel J. Rigden et al. | The gene cortex controls mimicry and crypsis in butterflies and moths
Wing colour patterning of multiple species in the butterfly genus Heliconius is controlled by differential expression of the gene cortex, a member of a conserved family of cell cycle regulators.
Nicola J. Nadeau, Carolina Pardo-Diaz, Annabel Whibley et al. | Early Neanderthal constructions deep in Bruniquel Cave in southwestern France
Two ring-like structures made of low walls of broken stalagmite pieces, deep in a cave in France, are described and dated to around 176,000 years ago, suggesting human-made construction within the period of early Neanderthals, although the function of the structures remains conjectural.
Jacques Jaubert, Sophie Verheyden, Dominique Genty et al. | A shared neural ensemble links distinct contextual memories encoded close in time
A similar neural ensemble participates in the encoding of two distinct memories, resulting in the recall of one memory increasing the likelihood of recalling the other, but only if those memories occur very closely in time—within a day rather than across a week.
Denise J. Cai, Daniel Aharoni, Tristan Shuman et al. | Pitx2 promotes heart repair by activating the antioxidant response after cardiac injury
The transcription factor Pitx2 is upregulated in injured neonatal and Hippo-deficient mouse hearts, where it interacts with the Hippo effector protein Yap to activate reactive oxygen species scavengers, thus preventing oxidative damage of the heart.
Ge Tao, Peter C. Kahr, Yuka Morikawa et al. | Feedback modulation of cholesterol metabolism by the lipid-responsive non-coding RNA LeXis
The activation of lipid X receptors (LXRs) in mouse liver not only promotes cholesterol efflux but also inhibits cholesterol synthesis simultaneously; this is mediated by the lipid-responsive long non-coding RNA LeXis, which is induced by a Western diet and orchestrates crosstalk between LXRs and the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway.
Tamer Sallam, Marius C. Jones, Thomas Gilliland et al. | Overcoming EGFR(T790M) and EGFR(C797S) resistance with mutant-selective allosteric inhibitors
An allosteric inhibitor, EAI045, is reported that is selective for certain drug-resistant EGFR mutants, but spares the wild-type receptor; combination therapy of EAI045 with EGFR-dimerization-blocking antibodies is effective in mouse models of lung cancer driven by mutant versions of EGFR that are resistant to all previously developed inhibitors.
Yong Jia, Cai-Hong Yun, Eunyoung Park et al. | Diverse roles of assembly factors revealed by structures of late nuclear pre-60S ribosomes
The cryo-electron microscopy structures of yeast nucleoplasmic pre-60S ribosomal particles give insight into the function of multiple assembly factors in ribosome biogenesis.
Shan Wu, Beril Tutuncuoglu, Kaige Yan et al. | | | | |
No comments:
Post a Comment