Scientific Reports Earth Sciences Table of Contents e-alert: 26 April 2016

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26 April 2016      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports               Earth & Environmental Sciences               North Atlantic forcing of moisture delivery to Europe throughout the Holocene ▶     Andrew C. Smith, Peter M. Wynn, Philip A. Barker et al.     Century-to-millennial scale fluctuations in precipitation and temperature are an established feature of European Holocene climates. Changes in moisture delivery are driven by …             Accelerated nucleation of the 2014 Iquique, Chile Mw 8.2 Earthquake ▶     Aitaro Kato, Jun’ichi Fukuda, Takao Kumazawa et al.     The earthquake nucleation process has been vigorously investigated based on geophysical observations, laboratory experiments, and theoretical studies; however, a general …             Role of oxidants in enhancing dewaterability of anaerobically digested sludge through Fe (II) activated oxidation processes: hydrogen peroxide versus persulfate ▶     Kang Song, Xu Zhou, Yiqi Liu et al.     Improving dewaterability of sludge is important for the disposal of sludge in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). This study, for the first time, investigated the Fe(II) …             Warming effects on photosynthesis of subtropical tree species: a translocation experiment along an altitudinal gradient ▶     Yiyong Li, Juxiu Liu, Guoyi Zhou et al.     Ongoing climate warming induced by human activities may have great impacts on trees, yet it remains unresolved how subtropical tree species respond to rising temperature in the …             Divergence of ecosystem services in U.S. National Forests and Grasslands under a changing climate ▶     Kai Duan, Ge Sun, Shanlei Sun et al.     The 170 National Forests and Grasslands (NFs) in the conterminous United States are public lands that provide important ecosystem services such as clean water and timber supply …             Centennial-scale solar forcing of the South American Monsoon System recorded in stalagmites ▶     Valdir F. Novello, Mathias Vuille, Francisco W. Cruz et al.     The South American Monsoon System (SAMS) is generally considered to be highly sensitive to Northern Hemisphere (NH) temperature variations on multi-centennial timescales. The …             Optical strain based pre-failure indication in failure process of geomaterials ▶     Sudipta Bhattacharjee, Debasis Deb     Multilevel extended digital image correlation (X-DIC) technique based on finite element method (FEM) is applied for measuring deformation of geomaterials under uni-axial loading …             Autonomous oscillation/separation of cell density artificially induced by optical interlink feedback as designed interaction between two isolated microalgae chips ▶     Kazunari Ozasa, June Won, Simon Song et al.     We demonstrate a designed interaction between two isolated cell populations of Euglena gracilis and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, separately confined in two 25-square …             Response of AM fungi spore population to elevated temperature and nitrogen addition and their influence on the plant community composition and productivity ▶     Tao Zhang, Xue Yang, Rui Guo et al.     To examine the influence of elevated temperature and nitrogen (N) addition on species composition and development of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and the effect of AMF on …             Physiological responses to daily light exposure ▶     Yefeng Yang, Yonghua Yu, Bo Yang et al.     Long daylength artificial light exposure associates with disorders, and a potential physiological mechanism has been proposed. However, previous studies have examined no more …             Self Calibrated Wireless Distributed Environmental Sensory Networks ▶     Barak Fishbain, Erick Moreno-Centeno     Recent advances in sensory and communication technologies have made Wireless Distributed Environmental Sensory Networks (WDESN) technically and economically feasible. WDESNs …             Emission of direct-gap band in germanium with Ge-GeSn layers on one-dimensional structure ▶     Zhong-Mei Huang, Wei-Qi Huang, Shi-Rong Liu et al.     In our experiment, it was observed that the emission of direct-gap band in germanium with Ge-GeSn layers on one-dimensional (1D) structure. The results of experiment and …             The influence of climate on peatland extent in Western Siberia since the Last Glacial Maximum ▶     G. A. Alexandrov, V. A. Brovkin, T. Kleinen     Boreal and subarctic peatlands are an important dynamical component of the earth system. They are sensitive to climate change, and could either continue to serve as a carbon sink …             Reactive Transport Modeling of the Enhancement of Density-Driven CO2 Convective Mixing in Carbonate Aquifers and its Potential Implication on Geological Carbon Sequestration ▶     Akand Islam, Alexander Y. Sun, Changbing Yang     We study the convection and mixing of CO2 in a brine aquifer, where the spread of dissolved CO2 is enhanced because of geochemical reactions with the host formations (calcite and …             Substantial dust loss of bioavailable phosphorus from agricultural soils ▶     Itzhak Katra, Avner Gross, Nitzan Swet et al.     Phosphorus (P) is an essential element in terrestrial ecosystems. Knowledge on the role of dust in the biogeochemical cycling of phosphorus is very limited with no quantitative …             Corrigendum: A universal mechanism of extreme events and critical phenomena ▶     J. H. Wu, Q. Jia                 Direct Synthesis of Novel and Reactive Sulfide-modified Nano Iron through Nanoparticle Seeding for Improved Cadmium-Contaminated Water Treatment ▶     Yiming Su, Adeyemi S. Adeleye, Yuxiong Huang et al.     Magnetic sulfide-modified nanoscale zerovalent iron (S-nZVI) is of great technical and scientific interest because of its promising application in groundwater remediation, …             The neglected nano-specific toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae ▶     Weicheng Zhang, Shaopan Bao, Tao Fang     Nanoparticles (NPs) with unique physicochemical properties induce nano-specific (excess) toxicity in organisms compared with their bulk counterparts. Evaluation and consideration …             Are viruses important in the plankton of highly turbid glacier-fed lakes? ▶     Fabian Drewes, Hannes Peter, Ruben Sommaruga     Viruses are ubiquitous in aquatic ecosystems where they significantly contribute to microbial mortality. In glacier-fed turbid lakes, however, viruses not only encounter low host …             Bi1−xLaxCuSeO as New Tunable Full Solar Light Active Photocatalysts ▶     Huanchun Wang, Shun Li, Yaochun Liu et al.     Photocatalysis is attracting enormous interest driven by the great promise of addressing current energy and environmental crises by converting solar light directly into chemical …             Molecular Structures of Al/Si and Fe/Si Coprecipitates and the Implication for Selenite Removal ▶     Ya-Ting Chan, Wen-Hui Kuan, Yu-Min Tzou et al.     Aluminum and iron oxides have been often used in the coagulation processes during water purification due to their unique surface properties toward anions. In the presence of …             Drought dominates the interannual variability in global terrestrial net primary production by controlling semi-arid ecosystems ▶     Ling Huang, Bin He, Aifang Chen et al.     Drought is a main driver of interannual variation in global terrestrial net primary production. However, how and to what extent drought impacts global NPP variability is unclear. …             Rapid climate fluctuations over the past millennium: evidence from a lacustrine record of Basomtso Lake, southeastern Tibetan Plateau ▶     Kai Li, Xingqi Liu, Ulrike Herzschuh et al.     Abrupt climate changes and fluctuations over short time scales are superimposed on long-term climate changes. Understanding rapid climate fluctuations at the decadal time scale …             Mitigating methane emission from paddy soil with rice-straw biochar amendment under projected climate change ▶     Xingguo Han, Xue Sun, Cheng Wang et al.     Elevated global temperatures and increased concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere associated with climate change will exert profound effects on rice cropping …             Use of the lichen Xanthoria mandschurica in monitoring atmospheric elemental deposition in the Taihang Mountains, Hebei, China ▶     Hua-Jie Liu, Liang-Cheng Zhao, Shi-Bo Fang et al.     Air pollution is a major concern in China. Lichens are a useful biomonitor for atmospheric elemental deposition but have rarely been used in North China. 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