Nature Reviews Microbiology contents May 2016 Volume 14 Number 5 pp 265-330

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
May 2016 Volume 14 Number 5
Impact Factor 23.574 *	In this issue Research Highlights News and Analysis Reviews Perspectives Also this month Article series: Microbiome  Featured article: Distinguishing between resistance, tolerance and persistence to antibiotic treatment Asher Brauner, Ofer Fridman, Orit Gefen & Nathalie Q. Balaban
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS Top Structural biology: ECT joins the rotary club p265 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2016.51 Electron cryotomography images of flagellar motors and type IVa pilus machines have revealed the architectures that underlie the rotation of these macromolecular machines. PDF Bacterial physiology: (p)ppGpp target ribosome assembly p266 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2016.44 This study shows that, as part of the stringent response in Staphylococcus aureus, (p)ppGpp target GTPases, impairing their ability to mediate ribosome assembly, which affects bacterial growth and promotes tolerance to antimicrobials. PDF Marine microbiology: Microbiome 'coral'ations p266 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2016.49 Two new studies examine the microbiome of coral reefs and highlight the importance of coral-associated beneficial bacteria and of temperate viruses in this ecosystem. PDF Microbiome: Baby steps towards the microbiome p268 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2016.47 Two new studies show that the maternal microbiota affects the development of the infant's immune system and identified colonization by uropathogenic E. coli lineages as a risk factor for the development of necrotizing enterocolitis and infant death. PDF Fungal Pathogenesis: Candida's toxic relationship with its host p268 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2016.53 This study identifies candidalysin, a new peptide toxin produced by Candida albicans hyphae that causes host tissue damage and inflammation. PDF IN BRIEF Antimicrobials: ABC-F proteins protect bacterial ribosomes | Viral infection: Zika virus structure, epidemiology and evolution | Microbiome: Good for the gut, good for the brain | Synthetic biology: Genomes just got smaller | Viral evolution: More of the world's a phage PDF
NEWS AND ANALYSIS		Top
GENOME WATCH Pathogen hide-and-'seq' Claire Chewapreecha, Angele Benard & Sandra Reuter p271 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2016.52 This month's Genome Watch looks at how genome sequence analysis aids our understanding of pathogen survival within hosts. PDF
REVIEWS		Top
Article series: Microbiome The microbial pharmacists within us: a metagenomic view of xenobiotic metabolism Peter Spanogiannopoulos, Elizabeth N. Bess, Rachel N. Carmody & Peter J. Turnbaugh p273 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2016.17 In this Review, Turnbaugh and colleagues discuss several mechanisms by which the human gut microbiome affects the metabolism of xenobiotics, including drugs and dietary compounds, and explore how this knowledge can be applied to improve the treatment of human disease. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Supplementary information
Fuelling the future: microbial engineering for the production of sustainable biofuels James C. Liao, Luo Mi, Sammy Pontrelli & Shanshan Luo p288 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2016.32 In this article, James Liao et al. review how microorganisms can be explored for the production of next-generation biofuels. They discuss the different substrates that are available for biofuel production and how these substrates can be directed to various biosynthetic pathways, and they highlight examples of microbial engineering aimed at optimizing biofuel production. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
Splitsville: structural and functional insights into the dynamic bacterial Z ring Daniel P. Haeusser & William Margolin p305 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2016.26 Bacterial cell division occurs under tight temporal and spatial regulation by the divisome. In this Review, Haeusser and Margolin review the structure and function of the divisome, highlighting insights into the assembly of this multicomponent machinery that were provided by recent technical advances. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
PERSPECTIVES		Top
OPINION Distinguishing between resistance, tolerance and persistence to antibiotic treatment Asher Brauner, Ofer Fridman, Orit Gefen & Nathalie Q. Balaban p320 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2016.34 The failure of antibiotics can arise by different bacterial survival strategies, each with implications for treatment. In this Opinion article, Balaban and colleagues propose a new experimental framework for distinguishing between several forms of resistance, tolerance and persistence to antibiotic treatment. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
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*2014 Journal Citation Report (Thomson Reuters, 2015)

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