Scientific Reports Biology Table of Contents e-alert: 24 November 2015

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24 November 2015      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports               Biological Sciences               Exploring comprehensive within-motif dependence of transcription factor binding in Escherichia coli ▶     Chi Yang, Chuan-Hsiung Chang     Modeling the binding of transcription factors helps to decipher the control logic behind transcriptional regulatory networks. Position weight matrix is commonly used to describe …             The coffee-machine bacteriome: biodiversity and colonisation of the wasted coffee tray leach ▶     Cristina Vilanova, Alba Iglesias, Manuel Porcar     Microbial communities are ubiquitous in both natural and artificial environments. However, microbial diversity is usually reduced under strong selection pressures, such as those …             Lipidomic Profiling of Liver Tissue from Obesity-Prone and Obesity-Resistant Mice Fed a High Fat Diet ▶     Miso Nam, Myung-Sook Choi, Sunhee Jung et al.     Obesity is a multifactorial health problem resulting from genetic, environmental, and behavioral factors. A particularly interesting aspect of obesity is the differences observed …             A high-density immunoblotting methodology for quantification of total protein levels and phosphorylation modifications ▶     F. Mazet, J. L. Dunster, C. I. Jones et al.     The components of many signaling pathways have been identified and there is now a need to conduct quantitative data-rich temporal experiments for systems biology and modeling …             Evidence of discrete yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) populations demands rethink of management for this globally important resource ▶     P. M. Grewe, P. Feutry, P. L. Hill et al.     Tropical tuna fisheries are central to food security and economic development of many regions of the world. Contemporary population assessment and management generally assume …             Mechanistic analysis of a synthetic inhibitor of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa LasI quorum-sensing signal synthase ▶     O. Lidor, A. Al-Quntar, E. C. Pesci et al.     Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic Gram-negative pathogen responsible for many human infections. LasI is an acyl-homoserine lactone synthase that produces a …             Structure of human carbamoyl phosphate synthetase: deciphering the on/off switch of human ureagenesis ▶     Sergio de Cima, Luis M. Polo, Carmen Díez-Fernández et al.     Human carbamoyl phosphate synthetase (CPS1), a 1500-residue multidomain enzyme, catalyzes the first step of ammonia detoxification to urea requiring N-acetyl-L-glutamate (NAG) as …             Space resource utilisation: a novel indicator to quantify species competitive ability for light ▶     Pengfei Zhang, Xiaolong Zhou, Junyong Li et al.     Species richness and productivity are two fundamental aspects of ecosystems. As a result, the relationship between species richness and productivity has been widely studied. A …             Diet composition, not calorie intake, rapidly alters intrinsic excitability of hypothalamic AgRP/NPY neurons in mice ▶     Wei Wei, Kevin Pham, Jesse W. Gammons et al.     Obesity is a chronic condition resulting from a long-term pattern of poor diet and lifestyle. Long-term consumption of high-fat diet (HFD) leads to persistent activation and …             Novel Mode of Defective Neural Tube Closure in the Non-Obese Diabetic (NOD) Mouse Strain ▶     J. Michael Salbaum, Claudia Kruger, Jacalyn MacGowan et al.     Failure to close the neural tube results in birth defects, with severity ranging from spina bifida to lethal anencephaly. Few genetic risk factors for neural tube defects are …             HdeB chaperone activity is coupled to its intrinsic dynamic properties ▶     Jienv Ding, Chengfeng Yang, Xiaogang Niu et al.     Enteric bacteria encounter extreme acidity when passing through hosts’ stomach. Since the bacterial periplasmic space quickly equilibrates with outer environment, an efficient …             A combination approach to treating fungal infections ▶     Sanjib K. Shrestha, Marina Y. Fosso, Sylvie Garneau-Tsodikova     Azoles are antifungal drugs used to treat fungal infections such as candidiasis in humans. Their extensive use has led to the emergence of drug resistance, complicating …             Neuron Image Analyzer: Automated and Accurate Extraction of Neuronal Data from Low Quality Images ▶     Kwang-Min Kim, Kilho Son, G. Tayhas R. Palmore     Image analysis software is an essential tool used in neuroscience and neural engineering to evaluate changes in neuronal structure following extracellular stimuli. Both manual …             MLN4924 Synergistically Enhances Cisplatin-induced Cytotoxicity via JNK and Bcl-xL Pathways in Human Urothelial Carcinoma ▶     I-Lin Ho, Kuan-Lin Kuo, Shing-Hwa- Liu et al.     Cisplatin-based chemotherapy is the primary treatment for metastatic bladder urothelial carcinoma. However, the response rate is only 40–65%. This study investigated the …             Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell aggregate: an optimal cell therapy for full-layer cutaneous wound vascularization and regeneration ▶     Yulin An, Wei wei, Huan Jing et al.     Cutaneous wounds are among the most common soft tissue injuries. Wounds involving dermis suffer more from outside influence and higher risk of chronic inflammation. Therefore the …             Beta diversity determinants in Badagongshan, a subtropical forest in central China ▶     Xiujuan Qiao, Qianxi Li, Qinghu Jiang et al.     Niche and neutral theories emphasize different processes contributing to the maintenance of species diversity. In this study, we calculated the local contribution to beta …             Enhancing the sensitivity of a micro-diaphragm resonating sensor by effectively positioning the mass on the membrane ▶     Jinsik Kim, Hye Jin Kim, EunAe Cho et al.     The detection of biomarkers in the liquid phase using mechanical sensors is difficult because of noise caused by the liquid. To reduce and verify the side effects of liquid …             Oral iron acutely elevates bacterial growth in human serum ▶     James H. Cross, Richard S. Bradbury, Anthony J. Fulford et al.     Iron deficiency is the most common nutrient deficiency worldwide and routine supplementation is standard policy for pregnant mothers and children in most low-income countries. …             The activity of protein phosphatase 5 towards native clients is modulated by the middle- and C-terminal domains of Hsp90 ▶     Veronika Haslbeck, Julia M. Eckl, Adrian Drazic et al.     Protein phosphatase 5 is involved in the regulation of kinases and transcription factors. The dephosphorylation activity is modulated by the molecular chaperone Hsp90, which …             MIG-seq: an effective PCR-based method for genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism genotyping using the next-generation sequencing platform ▶     Yoshihisa Suyama, Yu Matsuki     Restriction-enzyme (RE)-based next-generation sequencing methods have revolutionized marker-assisted genetic studies; however, the use of REs has limited their widespread …             MicroRNA-155-IFN-γ Feedback Loop in CD4+T Cells of Erosive type Oral Lichen Planus ▶     Jing-Yu Hu, Jing Zhang, Jing-Zhi Ma et al.     Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a T cell-mediated immune disorder, and we have indicated a Th1-dominated immune response in OLP. MicroRNA-155 (miR-155) could promote Th1 cells …             Elevated Extinction Rates as a Trigger for Diversification Rate Shifts: Early Amniotes as a Case Study ▶     Neil Brocklehurst, Marcello Ruta, Johannes Müller et al.     Tree shape analyses are frequently used to infer the location of shifts in diversification rate within the Tree of Life. Many studies have supported a causal relationship between …             Oncogenic miR-9 is a target of erlotinib in NSCLCs ▶     Xi Chen, Lingjun Zhu, Zhuo Ma et al.     EGFR-targeted cancer therapy is a breakthrough in non-small cell carcinoma. miRNAs have been proved to play important roles in cancer. Currently, for the role of miRNAs in …             The molecular basis of lysine 48 ubiquitin chain synthesis by Ube2K ▶     Adam J. Middleton, Catherine L. Day     The post-translational modification of proteins by ubiquitin is central to the regulation of eukaryotic cells. Substrate-bound ubiquitin chains linked by lysine 11 and 48 target …             Plant phenolics are detoxified by prophenoloxidase in the insect gut ▶     Kai Wu, Jie Zhang, Qiaoli Zhang et al.     Plant phenolics are a group of important secondary metabolites that are toxic to many animals and insects if ingested at high concentrations. Because most insects consume plant …             Intrahaplotypic Variants Differentiate Complex Linkage Disequilibrium within Human MHC Haplotypes ▶     Tze Hau Lam, Matthew Zirui Tay, Bei Wang et al.     Distinct regions of long-range genetic fixation in the human MHC region, known as conserved extended haplotypes (CEHs), possess unique genomic characteristics and are strongly …             High-throughput transcriptome sequencing of the cold seep mussel Bathymodiolus platifrons ▶     Yue Him Wong, Jin Sun, Li Sheng He et al.     Bathymodiolid mussels dominate hydrothermal vents, cold methane/sulfide-hydrocarbon seeps, and other sites of organic enrichment. Here, we aimed to explore the innate immune …             Enteral siRNA delivery technique for therapeutic gene silencing in the liver via the lymphatic route ▶     Masahiro Murakami, Kazutaka Nishina, Chie Watanabe et al.     An efficient targeting delivery technology is needed for functional oligonucleotides to exert their potential effect on the target gene without an adverse effect in vivo. …             Biophysical Regulation of Chromatin Architecture Instills a Mechanical Memory in Mesenchymal Stem Cells ▶     Su-Jin Heo, Stephen D. Thorpe, Tristan P. Driscoll et al.     Mechanical cues direct the lineage commitment of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In this study, we identified the operative molecular mechanisms through which dynamic tensile …             Mimosoid legume plastome evolution: IR expansion, tandem repeat expansions, and accelerated rate of evolution in clpP ▶     Diana V. Dugas, David Hernandez, Erik J.M. Koenen et al.     The Leguminosae has emerged as a model for studying angiosperm plastome evolution because of its striking diversity of structural rearrangements and sequence variation. However, …             Multiple Sources of Infection and Potential Endemic Characteristics of the Large Outbreak of Dengue in Guangdong in 2014 ▶     Shu-Qun Shen, Hai-Xia Wei, Yong-Hang Fu et al.     A large outbreak of dengue, with the most documented cases, occurred in Guangdong China in 2014. Epidemiological studies and phylogenetic analysis of the isolated dengue virus …             Evaluation of Reference Genes for RT-qPCR Studies in the Seagrass Zostera muelleri Exposed to Light Limitation ▶     M. Schliep, M. Pernice, S. Sinutok et al.     Seagrass meadows are threatened by coastal development and global change. In the face of these pressures, molecular techniques such as reverse transcription quantitative …             Structural insights into YfiR sequestering by YfiB in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 ▶     Shanshan Li, Tingting Li, Yueyang Xu et al.     YfiBNR is a tripartite signalling system in Pseudomonas aeruginosa that modulates intracellular c-di-GMP levels in response to signals received in the periplasm. YfiB is an outer …             Epstein-Barr virus from Burkitt Lymphoma biopsies from Africa and South America share novel LMP-1 promoter and gene variations ▶     Haiyan Lei, Tianwei Li, Bingjie Li et al.     Epstein Barr virus (EBV) sequence variation is thought to contribute to Burkitt lymphoma (BL), but lack of data from primary BL tumors hampers efforts to test this hypothesis. We …             Characterizing the transplanar and in-plane water transport properties of fabrics under different sweat rate: Forced Flow Water Transport Tester ▶     K. P. M. Tang, K. H. Chau, C. W. Kan et al.     The water absorption and transport properties of fabrics are critical to wear comfort, especially for sportswear and protective clothing. A new testing apparatus, namely Forced …             RA-XII inhibits tumour growth and metastasis in breast tumour-bearing mice via reducing cell adhesion and invasion and promoting matrix degradation ▶     Hoi-Wing Leung, Si-Meng Zhao, Grace Gar-Lee Yue et al.     Cancer cells acquire invasive ability to degrade and adhere to extracellular matrix (ECM) and migrate to adjacent tissues. This ultimately results metastasis. Hence, the present …             Outbreak of coral-eating Crown-of-Thorns creates continuous cloud of larvae over 320 km of the Great Barrier Reef ▶     S. Uthicke, J. Doyle, S. Duggan et al.     Coral reefs are in decline worldwide due to a combination of local and global causes. Over 40% of the recent coral loss on Australia’s Great Barrier Reef (GBR) has been …             Biochar as an electron shuttle for reductive dechlorination of pentachlorophenol by Geobacter sulfurreducens ▶     Linpeng Yu, Yong Yuan, Jia Tang et al.     The reductive dechlorination of pentachlorophenol (PCP) by Geobacter sulfurreducens in the presence of different biochars was investigated to understand how biochars affect the …             Identification of Bacillus strains by MALDI TOF MS using geometric approach ▶     Konstantin V. Starostin, Evgeny A. Demidov, Alla V. Bryanskaya et al.     Microorganism identification by MALDI TOF mass-spectrometry is based on the comparison of the mass spectrum of the studied organism with those of reference strains. It is a rapid …             Selection of best-performing reference gene products for investigating transcriptional regulation across silvering in the European eel (Anguilla anguilla) ▶     Silvia Franzellitti, Alisar Kiwan, Paola Valbonesi et al.     The focus of the present study was to set a methodological approach for evaluating molecular mechanisms underlying silvering transformation in the European eel, Anguilla anguilla…             Self-assembled amyloid fibrils with controllable conformational heterogeneity ▶     Gyudo Lee, Wonseok Lee, Hyungbeen Lee et al.     Amyloid fibrils are a hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases and exhibit a conformational diversity that governs their pathological functions. Despite recent findings concerning …             Influence of Humic Acid Complexation with Metal Ions on Extracellular Electron Transfer Activity ▶     Shungui Zhou, Shanshan Chen, Yong Yuan et al.     Humic acids (HAs) can act as electron shuttles and mediate biogeochemical cycles, thereby influencing the transformation of nutrients and environmental pollutants. HAs commonly …             EZH2 is highly expressed in pituitary adenomas and associated with proliferation ▶     David Schult, Annett Hölsken, Sonja Siegel et al.     Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is a core epigenetic regulator, playing a crucial role in cell cycle regulation. The protein is known to be associated with proliferation and …             Assessing the impact of removal scenarios on population viability of a threatened, long-lived avian scavenger ▶     Antoni Margalida, Mª Àngels Colomer, Daniel Oro et al.     The removal of eggs or chicks from wild populations to create captive populations, reinforce free-ranging populations or reintroduce species into the wild is a restoration tool …             Identification of novel, therapy-responsive protein biomarkers in a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy by aptamer-based serum proteomics ▶     Anna M. L. Coenen-Stass, Graham McClorey, Raquel Manzano et al.     There is currently an urgent need for biomarkers that can be used to monitor the efficacy of experimental therapies for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) in clinical trials. …             CUL4A facilitates hepatocarcinogenesis by promoting cell cycle progression and epithelial-mesenchymal transition ▶     Yingfang Pan, Bo Wang, Xiaoyun Yang et al.     CUL4A, a member of the CULLIN family, functions as a scaffold protein for an E3 ubiquitin ligase. It was reported that the CUL4A gene showed amplification in some human primary …             Hepatitis B virus efficiently infects non-adherent hepatoma cells via human sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide ▶     Kaori Okuyama-Dobashi, Hirotake Kasai, Tomohisa Tanaka et al.     Sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP) has been reported as a functional receptor for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, HBV could not efficiently infect …             Flicker-assisted localization microscopy reveals altered mitochondrial architecture in hypertension ▶     Susan Chalmers, Christopher D. Saunter, John M. Girkin et al.     Mitochondrial morphology is central to normal physiology and disease development. However, in many live cells and tissues, complex mitochondrial structures exist and morphology …             eIF5A1/RhoGDIα pathway: a novel therapeutic target for treatment of spinal cord injury identified by a proteomics approach ▶     Wei Liu, Fei-Fei Shang, Yang Xu et al.     Spinal cord injury (SCI) is frequently accompanied by a degree of spontaneous functional recovery. The underlying mechanisms through which such recovery is generated remain …             P2×7 purinergic signaling in dilated cardiomyopathy induced by auto-immunity against muscarinic M2 receptors: autoantibody levels, heart functionality and cytokine expression ▶     Camila Guerra Martinez, Daniel Zamith-Miranda, Marcia Gracindo da Silva et al.     Autoantibodies against the M2 receptors (M2AChR) have been associated with Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM). In the heart, P2×7 receptors influence electrical conduction, coronary …             Neuropeptides in the cerebral ganglia of the mud crab, Scylla paramamosain: transcriptomic analysis and expression profiles during vitellogenesis ▶     Chenchang Bao, Yanan Yang, Huiyang Huang et al.     Neuropeptides play a critical role in regulating animal reproduction. In vertebrates, GnRH, GnIH and kisspeptin are the key neuropeptide hormones of the reproductive axis, …             Discovery of Novel Plant Interaction Determinants from the Genomes of 163 Root Nodule Bacteria ▶     Rekha Seshadri, Wayne G. Reeve, Julie K. Ardley et al.     Root nodule bacteria (RNB) or “rhizobia” are a type of plant growth promoting bacteria, typified by their ability to fix nitrogen for their plant host, fixing nearly 65% of the …             Hepatitis B virus spliced variants are associated with an impaired response to interferon therapy ▶     Jieliang Chen, Min Wu, Fan Wang et al.     During hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication, spliced HBV genomes and splice-generated proteins have been widely described, however, their biological and clinical significance …             Resequencing of the common marmoset genome improves genome assemblies and gene-coding sequence analysis ▶     Kengo Sato, Yoko Kuroki, Wakako Kumita et al.     The first draft of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) genome was published by the Marmoset Genome Sequencing and Analysis Consortium. The draft was based on whole-genome …             Mesenchymal Stem Cells Induce Directional Migration of Invasive Breast Cancer Cells through TGF-β ▶     Kathleen M. McAndrews, Daniel J. McGrail, Nithin Ravikumar et al.     Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are recruited to the tumor microenvironment and influence tumor progression; however, how MSCs induce the invasion of cancer cells is not completely …             Mycobacterial infection induces a specific human innate immune response ▶     John D. Blischak, Ludovic Tailleux, Amy Mitrano et al.     The innate immune system provides the first response to infection and is now recognized to be partially pathogen-specific. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is able to subvert the …             The structural neural substrate of subjective happiness ▶     Wataru Sato, Takanori Kochiyama, Shota Uono et al.     Happiness is a subjective experience that is an ultimate goal for humans. Psychological studies have shown that subjective happiness can be measured reliably and consists of …             Establishment and Characterization of Human Germline Stem Cell Line with Unlimited Proliferation Potentials and no Tumor Formation ▶     Jingmei Hou, Minghui Niu, Linhong Liu et al.     Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) have significant applications in both reproductive and regenerative medicine. However, primary human SSCs are very rare, and a human SSC line has …             Adipose-derived Stem Cell Conditioned Media Extends Survival time of a mouse model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ▶     Christine V. Fontanilla, Huiying Gu, Qingpeng Liu et al.     Adipose stromal cells (ASC) secrete various trophic factors that assist in the protection of neurons in a variety of neuronal death models. In this study, we tested the effects …             Transcriptional analysis of micronutrient zinc-associated response for enhanced carbohydrate utilization and earlier solventogenesis in Clostridium acetobutylicum ▶     You-Duo Wu, Chuang Xue, Li-Jie Chen et al.     The micronutrient zinc plays vital roles in ABE fermentation by Clostridium acetobutylicum. In order to elucidate the zinc-associated response for enhanced glucose utilization …             Plasma proteomic analysis of active and torpid greater mouse-eared bats (Myotis myotis) ▶     Alexander M. Hecht, Beate C. Braun, Eberhard Krause et al.     Hibernation is a physiological adaptation to overcome extreme environmental conditions. It is characterized by prolonged periods of torpor interrupted by temporary arousals …             Substrate-based inhibitors exhibiting excellent protective and therapeutic effects against Botulinum Neurotoxin A intoxication ▶     Jiubiao Guo, Jinglin Wang, Shan Gao et al.     Potent inhibitors to reverse Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) activity in neuronal cells are currently not available. A better understanding of the substrate recognition mechanism …             Position-specific automated processing of V3 env ultra-deep pyrosequencing data for predicting HIV-1 tropism ▶     Nicolas Jeanne, Adrien Saliou, Romain Carcenac et al.     HIV-1 coreceptor usage must be accurately determined before starting CCR5 antagonist-based treatment as the presence of undetected minor CXCR4-using variants can cause subsequent …             Spatially-resolved intracellular sensing of hydrogen peroxide in living cells ▶     Emilie A. K. Warren, Tatiana S. Netterfield, Saheli Sarkar et al.     Understanding intracellular redox chemistry requires new tools for the site-specific visualization of intracellular oxidation. We have developed a spatially-resolved …             White matter structures associated with loneliness in young adults ▶     Seishu Nakagawa, Hikaru Takeuchi, Yasuyuki Taki et al.     Lonely individuals may exhibit dysfunction, particularly with respect to social empathy and self-efficacy. White matter (WM) structures related to loneliness have not yet been …             Proteomic analysis of tylosin-resistant Mycoplasma gallisepticum reveals enzymatic activities associated with resistance ▶     Xi Xia, Congming Wu, Yaowen Cui et al.     Mycoplasma gallisepticum is a significant pathogenic bacterium that infects poultry, causing chronic respiratory disease and sinusitis in chickens and turkeys, respectively. M. …             Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation induces long-lasting changes in protein expression and histone acetylation ▶     Adeline Etiévant, Stella Manta, Camille Latapy et al.     The use of non-invasive brain stimulation like repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an increasingly popular set of methods with promising results for the …             The role of cognitive effort in subjective reward devaluation and risky decision-making ▶     Matthew A J Apps, Laura L Grima, Sanjay Manohar et al.     Motivation is underpinned by cost-benefit valuations where costs—such as physical effort or outcome risk—are subjectively weighed against available rewards. However, in many …             The human decapping scavenger enzyme DcpS modulates microRNA turnover ▶     Oussama Meziane, Sandra Piquet, Gabriel D. Bossé et al.     The decapping scavenger enzyme DcpS is known for its role in hydrolyzing the cap structure following mRNA degradation. Recently, we discovered a new function in miRNA degradation …             Multidrug resistance protein 1 reduces the aggregation of mutant huntingtin in neuronal cells derived from the Huntington’s disease R6/2 model ▶     Wooseok Im, Jae-Jun Ban, Jin-Young Chung et al.     Mutant huntingtin (mHtt) aggregation in the nucleus is the most readily apparent phenotype and cause of neuronal death in Huntington’s disease (HD). Inhibiting mHtt aggregation …             Antitumor potential of a synthetic interferon-alpha/PLGF-2 positive charge peptide hybrid molecule in pancreatic cancer cells ▶     Hongmei Yin, Naifei Chen, Rui Guo et al.     Pancreatic cancer is the most aggressive malignant disease, ranking as the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death among men and women in the United States. Interferon alpha …             Nopaline-type Ti plasmid of Agrobacterium encodes a VirF-like functional F-box protein ▶     Benoît Lacroix, Vitaly Citovsky     During Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of plants, several bacterial virulence (Vir) proteins are translocated into the host cell to facilitate infection. One of the …             Design and Synthesis of Near-infrared Fluorescent Probes for Imaging of Biological Nitroxyl ▶     Yi Tan, Ruochuan Liu, Huatang Zhang et al.     Nitroxyl (HNO), the reduced and protonated form of nitric oxide (NO), has recently been identified as an interesting and important signaling molecule in biological systems. …             Efficient long-term survival of cell grafts after myocardial infarction with thick viable cardiac tissue entirely from pluripotent stem cells ▶     Takehiko Matsuo, Hidetoshi Masumoto, Shuhei Tajima et al.     Poor engraftment of cells after transplantation to the heart is a common and unresolved problem in the cardiac cell therapies. We previously generated cardiovascular cell sheets …             An anthrax toxin variant with an improved activity in tumor targeting ▶     Alexander N. Wein, Diane E. Peters, Zaheer Valivullah et al.     Anthrax lethal toxin (LT) is an A-B type toxin secreted by Bacillus anthracis, consisting of the cellular binding moiety, protective antigen (PA), and the catalytic moiety, …             Folding of newly translated membrane protein CCR5 is assisted by the chaperonin GroEL-GroES ▶     Haixia Chi, Xiaoqiang Wang, Jiqiang Li et al.     The in vitro folding of newly translated human CC chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5), which belongs to the physiologically important family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), …             A Wireless Intracranial Brain Deformation Sensing System for Blast-Induced Traumatic Brain Injury ▶     S. Song, N. S. Race, A. Kim et al.     Blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) has been linked to a multitude of delayed-onset neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders, but complete understanding of their …             Changes in poly(A) tail length dynamics from the loss of the circadian deadenylase Nocturnin ▶     Shihoko Kojima, Kerry L. Gendreau, Elaine L. Sher-Chen et al.     mRNA poly(A) tails are important for mRNA stability and translation, and enzymes that regulate the poly(A) tail length significantly impact protein profiles. There are eleven …             Sperm Associated Antigen 6 (SPAG6) Regulates Fibroblast Cell Growth, Morphology, Migration and Ciliogenesis ▶     Wei Li, Abir Mukherjee, Jinhua Wu et al.     Mammalian Spag6 is the orthologue of Chlamydomonas PF16, which encodes a protein localized in the axoneme central apparatus, and regulates flagella/cilia motility. Most Spag6…             Predictive assessment in pharmacogenetics of XRCC1 gene on clinical outcomes of advanced lung cancer patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy ▶     Zhengrong Yuan, Jiao Li, Ruiqi Hu et al.     Published data have shown inconsistent results about the pharmacogenetics of XRCC1 gene on clinical outcomes of advanced lung cancer patients treated with platinum-based …             Shape-Dependent Skin Penetration of Silver Nanoparticles: Does It Really Matter? ▶     Yu Kyung Tak, Sukdeb Pal, Pravin K. Naoghare et al.     Advancements in nano-structured materials have facilitated several applications of nanoparticles (NPs). Skin penetration of NPs is a crucial factor for designing suitable topical …             Evolution of opercle shape in cichlid fishes from Lake Tanganyika - adaptive trait interactions in extant and extinct species flocks ▶     Laura A. B. Wilson, Marco Colombo, Marcelo R. Sánchez-Villagra et al.     Phenotype-environment correlations and the evolution of trait interactions in adaptive radiations have been widely studied to gain insight into the dynamics underpinning rapid …             Chelator-Free Labeling of Layered Double Hydroxide Nanoparticles for in Vivo PET Imaging ▶     Sixiang Shi, Brianne C. Fliss, Zi Gu et al.     Layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanomaterial has emerged as a novel delivery agent for biomedical applications due to its unique structure and properties. However, in vivo …             Non-cultured dermal-derived mesenchymal cells attenuate sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture in mice ▶     Yu Wang, Li Tan, Jie Jin et al.     Sepsis remains a threat to critically ill patients and carries a high morbidity and mortality. Cell–based therapies have risen in prominence in recent years. Dermal-derived …             CMV promoter mutants with a reduced propensity to productivity loss in CHO cells ▶     Benjamin Moritz, Peter B. Becker, Ulrich Göpfert     The major immediate-early promoter and enhancer of the human cytomegalovirus (hCMV-MIE) is one of the most potent DNA elements driving recombinant gene expression in mammalian …             Intestinal organoids for assessing nutrient transport, sensing and incretin secretion ▶     Tamara Zietek, Eva Rath, Dirk Haller et al.     Intestinal nutrient transport and sensing are of emerging interest in research on obesity and diabetes and as drug targets. Appropriate in vitro models are lacking that allow …             Topological robustness analysis of protein interaction networks reveals key targets for overcoming chemotherapy resistance in glioma ▶     Hátylas Azevedo, Carlos Alberto Moreira-Filho     Biological networks display high robustness against random failures but are vulnerable to targeted attacks on central nodes. Thus, network topology analysis represents a powerful …             CpG island erosion, polycomb occupancy and sequence motif enrichment at bivalent promoters in mammalian embryonic stem cells ▶     Anna Mantsoki, Guillaume Devailly, Anagha Joshi     In embryonic stem (ES) cells, developmental regulators have a characteristic bivalent chromatin signature marked by simultaneous presence of both activation (H3K4me3) and …             Tap dancing birds: the multimodal mutual courtship display of males and females in a socially monogamous songbird ▶     Nao Ota, Manfred Gahr, Masayo Soma     According to classical sexual selection theory, complex multimodal courtship displays have evolved in males through female choice. While it is well-known that socially monogamous …             Cellular miR-130b inhibits replication of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in vitro and in vivo ▶     Liwei Li, Fei Gao, Yifeng Jiang et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can impact viral infections by binding to sequences with partial complementarity on viral RNA transcripts, usually resulting in the repression of virus …             Collective effects of common SNPs in foraging decisions in Caenorhabditis elegans and an integrative method of identification of candidate genes ▶     Zuobin Zhu, Qing Lu, Junjing Wang et al.     Optimal foraging decision is a quantitative flexible behavior, which describes the time at which animals choose to abandon a depleting food supply. The total minor allele content …             Prenatal exposure to recreational drugs affects global motion perception in preschool children ▶     Arijit Chakraborty, Nicola S. Anstice, Robert J. Jacobs et al.     Prenatal exposure to recreational drugs impairs motor and cognitive development; however it is currently unknown whether visual brain areas are affected. To address this …             Role of P38 MAPK on MMP Activity in Photothrombotic Stroke Mice as Measured using an Ultrafast MMP Activatable Probe ▶     Di Chang, Yuan-Cheng Wang, Ying-Ying Bai et al.     Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) exert a dual effect in ischemic stroke and thus represent an ideal target for detection and therapy. However, to date, all clinical trials of MMP …             Corrigendum: De novo Assembly and Characterization of the Testis Transcriptome and Development of EST-SSR Markers in the Cockroach Periplaneta americana ▶     Wan Chen, Yu-Xiang Liu, Guo-Fang Jiang                 Linker histone H1.2 establishes chromatin compaction and gene silencing through recognition of H3K27me3 ▶     Jin-Man Kim, Kyunghwan Kim, Vasu Punj et al.     Linker histone H1 is a protein component of chromatin and has been linked to higher-order chromatin compaction and global gene silencing. However, a growing body of evidence …             Combined Mapping of Multiple clUsteriNg ALgorithms (COMMUNAL): A Robust Method for Selection of Cluster Number, K ▶     Timothy E. Sweeney, Albert C. Chen, Olivier Gevaert     In order to discover new subsets (clusters) of a data set, researchers often use algorithms that perform unsupervised clustering, namely, the algorithmic separation of a dataset …             Undernourishment in utero Primes Hepatic Steatosis in Adult Mice Offspring on an Obesogenic Diet; Involvement of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ▶     Keiko Muramatsu-Kato, Hiroaki Itoh, Yukiko Kohmura-Kobayashi et al.     In order to investigate the possible involvement of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the developmental origins of hepatic steatosis associated with undernourishment in utero, …             Responses of the Hybrid between Sphagneticola trilobata and Sphagneticola calendulacea to Low Temperature and Weak Light Characteristic in South China ▶     Zhongyu Sun, Yanqiao Chen, Valentin Schaefer et al.     Hybridization between exotic and native species is of great interest to evolutionary biologists and ecologists because it usually shows a quick evolution of species and …             New HDAC6-mediated deacetylation sites of tubulin in the mouse brain identified by quantitative mass spectrometry ▶     Ningning Liu, Yun Xiong, Shanshan Li et al.     The post-translational modifications (PTMs) occurring on microtubules have been implicated in the regulation of microtubule properties and functions. Acetylated K40 of α-tubulin, …             Ligand-driven conformational changes of MurD visualized by paramagnetic NMR ▶     Tomohide Saio, Kenji Ogura, Hiroyuki Kumeta et al.     Proteins, especially multi-domain proteins, often undergo drastic conformational changes upon binding to ligands or by post-translational modifications, which is a key step to …             Single-molecule FRET studies on alpha-synuclein oligomerization of Parkinson’s disease genetically related mutants ▶     Laura Tosatto, Mathew H. Horrocks, Alexander J. Dear et al.     Oligomers of alpha-synuclein are toxic to cells and have been proposed to play a key role in the etiopathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. As certain missense mutations in the …             The accumulation mechanism of the hypoxia imaging probe “FMISO” by imaging mass spectrometry: possible involvement of low-molecular metabolites ▶     Yukiko Masaki, Yoichi Shimizu, Takeshi Yoshioka et al.     18F-fluoromisonidazole (FMISO) has been widely used as a hypoxia imaging probe for diagnostic positron emission tomography (PET). FMISO is believed to accumulate in hypoxic cells …             Application of density gradient for the isolation of the fecal microbial stool component and the potential use thereof ▶     Arancha Hevia, Susana Delgado, Abelardo Margolles et al.     The idea of considering the gut microbiota as a virtual human organ has led to the concept of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), which has recently been extremely successful …             Functional role of pyruvate kinase from Lactobacillus bulgaricus in acid tolerance and identification of its transcription factor by bacterial one-hybrid ▶     Zhengyuan Zhai, Haoran An, Guohong Wang et al.     Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus develops acid tolerance response when subjected to acid stress conditions, such as the induction of enzymes associated with …             Anti-inflammatory activity of low molecular weight polysialic acid on human macrophages ▶     Anahita Shahraz, Jens Kopatz, Rene Mathy et al.     Oligosialic and polysialic acid (oligoSia and polySia) of the glycocalyx of neural and immune cells are linear chains, in which the sialic acid monomers are α2.8-glycosidically …             Reference gene selection for normalization of RT-qPCR gene expression data from Actinidia deliciosa leaves infected with Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae ▶     Milena Petriccione, Francesco Mastrobuoni, Luigi Zampella et al.     Normalization of data, by choosing the appropriate reference genes (RGs), is fundamental for obtaining reliable results in reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). In …             Mutant cohesin affects RNA polymerase II regulation in Cornelia de Lange syndrome ▶     Linda Mannini, Fabien C. Lamaze, Francesco Cucco et al.     In addition to its role in sister chromatid cohesion, genome stability and integrity, the cohesin complex is involved in gene transcription. Mutations in core cohesin subunits …             Cep55 regulates spindle organization and cell cycle progression in meiotic oocyte ▶     Zhao-Yang Xu, Xue-Shan Ma, Shu-Tao Qi et al.     Cep55 is a relatively novel member of the centrosomal protein family. Here, we show that Cep55 is expressed in mouse oocytes from the germinal vesicle (GV) to metaphase II (MII) …             Dendritic cells and macrophages neurally hard-wired in the lymph node ▶     Clemens Wülfing, Hauke S. Günther     The neural hard-wired pathways in which the lymphoid organs are innervated by the nervous system is of special interest with respect to suggested afferent and sensory systems …             Intravenous multipotent adult progenitor cell treatment decreases inflammation leading to functional recovery following spinal cord injury ▶     Marc A. DePaul, Marc Palmer, Bradley T. Lang et al.     Following spinal cord injury (SCI), immune-mediated secondary processes exacerbate the extent of permanent neurological deficits. We investigated the capacity of adult bone …             Influence of age on rat bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells potential ▶     J. Fafián-Labora, P. Fernández-Pernas, I. Fuentes et al.     Mesenchymal stem cells promising role in cell-based therapies and tissue engineering appears to be limited due to a decline of their regenerative potential with increasing donor …             Gγ recruitment systems specifically select PPI and affinity-enhanced candidate proteins that interact with membrane protein targets ▶     Misato Kaishima, Jun Ishii, Nobuo Fukuda et al.     Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are crucial for the vast majority of biological processes. We previously constructed a Gγ recruitment system to screen PPI candidate proteins …             Proteome analysis of male accessory gland secretions in oriental fruit flies reveals juvenile hormone-binding protein, suggesting impact on female reproduction ▶     Dong Wei, Hui-Min Li, Chuan-Bei Tian et al.     In insects, the accessory gland proteins (Acps) secreted by male accessory glands (MAGs) account for the majority of seminal fluids proteins. Mixed with sperm, they are …             Dual transcriptome sequencing reveals resistance of TLR4 ligand-activated bone marrow-derived macrophages to inflammation mediated by the BET inhibitor JQ1 ▶     Amitabh Das, Jin Choul Chai, Chul-su Yang et al.     Persistent macrophage activation is associated with the expression of various pro-inflammatory genes, cytokines and chemokines, which may initiate or amplify inflammatory …             DNA methylation mediated silencing of microRNA-145 is a potential prognostic marker in patients with lung adenocarcinoma ▶     Wenjie Xia, Qiang Chen, Jie Wang et al.     The molecular mechanism of down-regulated microRNA-145 (miR-145) expression in lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) remains largely unknown. We hypothesized that aberrant hyper-methylation …             Galectin-3 level and the severity of cardiac diastolic dysfunction using cellular and animal models and clinical indices ▶     Cho-Kai Wu, Mao-Yuan Su, Jen-Kuang Lee et al.     Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF) is characterized by myocardial interstitial fibrosis. A total of 146 patients with HFPEF, were recruited. HFPEF severity …             The Specification and Maturation of Nociceptive Neurons from Human Embryonic Stem Cells ▶     Erin M. Boisvert, Sandra J. Engle, Shawn E. Hallowell et al.     Nociceptive neurons play an essential role in pain sensation by transmitting painful stimuli to the central nervous system. However, investigations of nociceptive neuron biology …             Adipose tissue macrophages induce PPARγ-high FOXP3+ regulatory T cells ▶     Toshiharu Onodera, Atsunori Fukuhara, Myoung Ho Jang et al.     Numerous regulatory T cells (Tregs) are present in adipose tissues compared with other lymphoid or non-lymphoid tissues. Adipose Tregs regulate inflammatory state and insulin …             An Efficient Site-Specific Method for Irreversible Covalent Labeling of Proteins with a Fluorophore ▶     Jiaquan Liu, Jeungphill Hanne, Brooke M. Britton et al.     Fluorophore labeling of proteins while preserving native functions is essential for bulk Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) interaction and single molecule imaging …             Effects of Collective Histone State Dynamics on Epigenetic Landscape and Kinetics of Cell Reprogramming ▶     S. S. Ashwin, Masaki Sasai     Cell reprogramming is a process of transitions from differentiated to pluripotent cell states via transient intermediate states. Within the epigenetic landscape framework, such a …             Slit2N Inhibits Transmission of HIV-1 from Dendritic Cells to T-cells by Modulating Novel Cytoskeletal Elements ▶     Ashutosh Shrivastava, Anil Prasad, Paula M. Kuzontkoski et al.     Dendritic cells are among the first cells to encounter sexually acquired human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1), in the mucosa, and they can transmit HIV-1 to CD4+ T-cells via an …             Selective participation of c-Jun with Fra-2/c-Fos promotes aggressive tumor phenotypes and poor prognosis in tongue cancer ▶     Shilpi Gupta, Prabhat Kumar, Harsimrut Kaur et al.     Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is most aggressive head and neck cancer often associated with HR-HPV infection. The role of AP-1 which is an essential regulator of HPV …             Effect of exercise on fluoride metabolism in adult humans: a pilot study ▶     Fatemeh V. Zohoori, Alison Innerd, Liane B. Azevedo et al.     An understanding of all aspects of fluoride metabolism is critical to identify its biological effects and avoid fluoride toxicity in humans. Fluoride metabolism and subsequently …             Sequential splicing of a group II twintron in the marine cyanobacterium Trichodesmium ▶     Ulrike Pfreundt, Wolfgang R. Hess     The marine cyanobacterium Trichodesmium is unusual in its genomic architecture as 40% of the genome is occupied by non-coding DNA. Although the majority of it is transcribed into …             KATZLDA: KATZ measure for the lncRNA-disease association prediction ▶     Xing Chen     Accumulating experimental studies have demonstrated important associations between alterations and dysregulations of lncRNAs and the development and progression of various …             Sialylation of the prion protein glycans controls prion replication rate and glycoform ratio ▶     Elizaveta Katorcha, Natallia Makarava, Regina Savtchenko et al.     Prion or PrPSc is a proteinaceous infectious agent that consists of a misfolded and aggregated form of a sialoglycoprotein called prion protein or PrPC. PrPC has two sialylated …             Co-ultramicronized Palmitoylethanolamide/Luteolin Promotes the Maturation of Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells ▶     Massimo Barbierato, Laura Facci, Carla Marinelli et al.     Oligodendrocytes have limited ability to repair the damage to themselves or to other nerve cells, as seen in demyelinating diseases like multiple sclerosis. An important strategy …             Structural insights into HetR−PatS interaction involved in cyanobacterial pattern formation ▶     Hai-Xi Hu, Yong-Liang Jiang, Meng-Xi Zhao et al.     The one-dimensional pattern of heterocyst in the model cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 is coordinated by the transcription factor HetR and PatS peptide. Here we report the …             Binocular summation of chance decisions ▶     Oren Yehezkel, Anna Sterkin, Dov Sagi et al.     Seeing with two eyes usually helps one respond faster. Here we show that with ambiguous stimuli, binocular viewing can paradoxically slow down reaction time. This is explained by …             Dynamic changes in host gene expression associated with H5N8 avian influenza virus infection in mice ▶     Su-Jin Park, Mukesh Kumar, Hyeok-il Kwon et al.     Emerging outbreaks of newly found, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N8) viruses have been reported globally. Previous studies have indicated that H5N8 pathogenicity …             Lipoteichoic acid of Streptococcus oralis Uo5: a novel biochemical structure comprising an unusual phosphorylcholine substitution pattern compared to Streptococcus pneumoniae ▶     Nicolas Gisch, Dominik Schwudke, Simone Thomsen et al.     Members of the Mitis group of streptococci possess teichoic acids (TAs) as integral components of their cell wall that are unique among Gram-positive bacteria. Both, lipoteichoic …             Structural basis of Sorcin-mediated calcium-dependent signal transduction ▶     Andrea Ilari, Annarita Fiorillo, Elena Poser et al.     Sorcin is an essential penta-EF hand calcium binding protein, able to confer the multi-drug resistance phenotype to drug-sensitive cancer cells and to reduce Endoplasmic …             Can the neural–cortisol association be moderated by experience-induced changes in awareness? ▶     Way K. W. Lau, Mei-Kei Leung, Chetwyn C. H. Chan et al.     Cortisol homeostasis is important for cognitive and affective functions that depend on cortisol-sensitive brain regions including the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Recent …             The AP-3 adaptor complex mediates sorting of yeast and mammalian PQ-loop-family basic amino acid transporters to the vacuolar/lysosomal membrane ▶     Elisa Llinares, Abdoulaye Oury Barry, Bruno André     The limiting membrane of lysosomes in animal cells and that of the vacuole in yeast include a wide variety of transporters, but little is known about how these proteins reach …             Phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis by the Kennedy pathway occurs at different sites in Trypanosoma brucei ▶     Luce Farine, Moritz Niemann, André Schneider et al.     Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) are among the most abundant phospholipids in biological membranes. In many eukaryotes, the CDP-ethanolamine and …             The transcriptional landscape of dorsal root ganglia after sciatic nerve transection ▶     Shiying Li, Chengbin Xue, Ying Yuan et al.     Following peripheral nerve injury, transcriptional responses are orchestrated to regulate the expression of numerous genes in the lesioned nerve, thus activating the intrinsic …             No adaptation of a herbivore to a novel host but loss of adaptation to its native host ▶     Amir H. Grosman, Adrián J. Molina-Rugama, Rondinelli Mendes-Dias et al.     Most herbivorous arthropods are host specialists and the question is which mechanisms drive the evolution of such specialization. The theory of antagonistic pleiotropy suggests …             Molecular basis of canalization in an ascidian species complex adapted to different thermal conditions ▶     Atsuko Sato, Takeshi Kawashima, Manabu Fujie et al.     Canalization is a result of intrinsic developmental buffering that ensures phenotypic robustness under genetic variation and environmental perturbation. As a consequence, animal …             Genetic Associations of Interleukin-related Genes with Graves’ Ophthalmopathy: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis ▶     Kah Hie Wong, Shi Song Rong, Kelvin K. L. Chong et al.     Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO) is the commonest extra-thyroidal manifestation of Graves’ disease (GD). Associations between interleukin-related (IL) gene polymorphisms and GO have …             Fully automatic GBM segmentation in the TCGA-GBM dataset: Prognosis and correlation with VASARI features ▶     Emmanuel Rios Velazquez, Raphael Meier, William D. Dunn Jr et al.     Reproducible definition and quantification of imaging biomarkers is essential. We evaluated a fully automatic MR-based segmentation method by comparing it to manually defined …             Spontaneous brain activity following fear reminder of fear conditioning by using resting-state functional MRI ▶     Pan Feng, Yong Zheng, Tingyong Feng     Although disrupting reconsolidation may be a promising approach to attenuate or erase the expression of fear memory, it is not clear how the neural state following fear reminder …             Laser controlled singlet oxygen generation in mitochondria to promote mitochondrial DNA replication in vitro ▶     Xin Zhou, Yupei Wang, Jing Si et al.     Reports have shown that a certain level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can promote mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication. However, it is unclear whether it is the mitochondrial …             Molecular cloning and characterization of amh and dax1 genes and their expression during sex inversion in rice-field eel Monopterus albus ▶     Qing Hu, Wei Guo, Yu Gao et al.     The full-length cDNAs of amh and dax1 in the hermaphrodite, rice-field eel (Monopterus albus), were cloned and characterized in this study. Multiple sequence alignment revealed …             Tracing the structural evolution of eukaryotic ATP binding cassette transporter superfamily ▶     Jie Xiong, Jinmei Feng, Dongxia Yuan et al.     The ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters superfamily is one of the largest classes of membrane proteins. The core of the ABC transporter protein is composed of transmembrane …             Histone deacetylase 3 inhibition re-establishes synaptic tagging and capture in aging through the activation of nuclear factor kappa B ▶     Mahima Sharma, Mahesh Shivarama Shetty, Thiruma Valavan Arumugam et al.     Aging is associated with impaired plasticity and memory. Altered epigenetic mechanisms are implicated in the impairment of memory with advanced aging. Histone deacetylase 3 …             Differential immunogenicity between HAdV-5 and chimpanzee adenovirus vector ChAdOx1 is independent of fiber and penton RGD loop sequences in mice ▶     Matthew D. J. Dicks, Alexandra J. Spencer, Lynda Coughlan et al.     Replication defective adenoviruses are promising vectors for the delivery of vaccine antigens. However, the potential of a vector to elicit transgene-specific adaptive immune …             Mechanisms of three-dimensional growth of thyroid cells during long-term simulated microgravity ▶     Sascha Kopp, Elisabeth Warnke, Markus Wehland et al.     Three-dimensional multicellular spheroids (MCS) of human cells are important in cancer research. We investigated possible mechanisms of MCS formation of thyroid cells. Both, …             Low-intensity continuous ultrasound triggers effective bisphosphonate anticancer activity in breast cancer ▶     Sophie Tardoski, Jacqueline Ngo, Evelyne Gineyts et al.     Ultrasound (US) is a non-ionizing pressure wave that can produce mechanical and thermal effects. Bisphosphonates have demonstrated clinical utility in bone metastases treatment. …             Upregulation of Ih expressed in IB4-negative Aδ nociceptive DRG neurons contributes to mechanical hypersensitivity associated with cervical radiculopathic pain ▶     Da-Lu Liu, Na Lu, Wen-Juan Han et al.     Cervical radiculopathy represents aberrant mechanical hypersensitivity. Primary sensory neuron’s ability to sense mechanical force forms mechanotransduction. However, whether …             Crosstalk between SDF-1/CXCR4 and SDF-1/CXCR7 in cardiac stem cell migration ▶     Dong Chen, Yanli Xia, Ke Zuo et al.     Stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) is a chemokine that can be expressed in injured cardiomyocytes after myocardial infarction (MI). By combining with its receptor CXCR4, SDF-1 …             ERK2 mediates inner hair cell survival and decreases susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss ▶     Takaomi Kurioka, Takeshi Matsunobu, Yasushi Satoh et al.     Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) is a member of the family of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and coordinately regulates a multitude of cellular processes. …             High yield extraction of pure spinal motor neurons, astrocytes and microglia from single embryo and adult mouse spinal cord ▶     Marie-Josée Beaudet, Qiurui Yang, Sébastien Cadau et al.     Extraction of mouse spinal motor neurons from transgenic mouse embryos recapitulating some aspects of neurodegenerative diseases like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis has met with …             p53/PUMA expression in human pulmonary fibroblasts mediates cell activation and migration in silicosis ▶     Wei Wang, Haijun Liu, Xiaoniu Dai et al.     Phagocytosis of SiO2 into the lung causes an inflammatory cascade that results in fibroblast proliferation and migration, followed by fibrosis. Clinical evidence has indicated …             Role of the clock gene Bmal1 and the gastric ghrelin-secreting cell in the circadian regulation of the ghrelin-GOAT system ▶     J. Laermans, L. Vancleef, J. Tack et al.     As adequate food intake is crucial to survival, organisms have evolved endogenous circadian clocks to generate optimal temporal patterns of food-related behavior and physiology. …             Structure-based Design Targeted at LOX-1, a Receptor for Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein ▶     Shraddha Thakkar, Xianwei Wang, Magomed Khaidakov et al.     Atherosclerosis related cardiovascular diseases continue to be the primary cause of mortality in developed countries. The elevated level of low density lipoprotein (LDL) is …             Diffractive Optical Analysis for Refractive Index Sensing using Transparent Phase Gratings ▶     Nityanand Kumawat, Parama Pal, Manoj Varma     We report the implementation of a micro-patterned, glass-based photonic sensing element that is capable of label-free biosensing. The diffractive optical analyzer is based on the …             Five-aza-2′-deoxycytidine-induced hypomethylation of cholesterol 25-hydroxylase gene is responsible for cell death of myelodysplasia/leukemia cells ▶     Takayuki Tsujioka, Akira Yokoi, Yoshitaro Itano et al.     DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMT inhibitors) are administered for high-risk MDS, but their action mechanisms are not fully understood. Hence, we performed a genome-wide DNA …             Application of artificial neural network to investigate the effects of 5-fluorouracil on ribonucleotides and deoxyribonucleotides in HepG2 cells ▶     Jianru Guo, QianQian Chen, Christopher Wai Kei Lam et al.     Endogenous ribonucleotides and deoxyribonucleotides are essential metabolites that play important roles in a broad range of key cellular functions. Their intracellular levels …             Trends of HIV subtypes and phylogenetic dynamics among young men who have sex with men in China, 2009–2014 ▶     Zheng Li, Lingjie Liao, Yi Feng et al.     To investigate the origins of HIV transmission and phylogenetic dynamics among men who have sex with men (MSM), a total of 1205 newly diagnosed HIV-infected 16–25 year-olds were …             Identification of key amino acid residues responsible for internal and external pH sensitivity of Orai1/STIM1 channels ▶     Hiroto Tsujikawa, Albert S Yu, Jia Xie et al.     Changes of intracellular and extracellular pH are involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, in which regulation of the Ca2+ release activated Ca2+ …             Not seeing or feeling is still believing: conscious and non-conscious pain modulation after direct and observational learning ▶     Natalia Egorova, Joel Park, Scott P. Orr et al.     Our experience with the world is shaped not only directly through personal exposure but also indirectly through observing others and learning from their experiences. Using a …             Circulating microbial RNA and health ▶     Ross Ka-Kit Leung, Ying-Kit Wu     Measurement of health indicators in the blood is a commonly performed diagnostic procedure. Two blood studies one involving extended observations on the health of an individual …             Tuftsin-derived T-peptide prevents cellular immunosuppression and improves survival rate in septic mice ▶     Yu-Lei Gao, Yan-Fen Chai, Ning Dong et al.     The primary mechanisms of sepsis induced cellular immunesuppression involve immune dysfunction of T lymphocytes and negative immunoregulation of regulatory T cells (Tregs). It …             Soft viscoelastic properties of nuclear actin age oocytes due to gravitational creep ▶     Marina Feric, Chase P. Broedersz, Clifford P. Brangwynne     The actin cytoskeleton helps maintain structural organization within living cells. In large X. laevis oocytes, gravity becomes a dominant force and is countered by a nuclear …             Modulation of Macrophage Functional Polarity towards Anti-Inflammatory Phenotype with Plasmid DNA Delivery in CD44 Targeting Hyaluronic Acid Nanoparticles ▶     Thanh-Huyen Tran, Ruchir Rastogi, Juili Shelke et al.     The purpose of this study was to modulate macrophage polarity from the pro-inflammatory M1 to anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype using plasmid DNA (pDNA) expressing interleukin-4 …             GRPR-targeted Protein Contrast Agents for Molecular Imaging of Receptor Expression in Cancers by MRI ▶     Fan Pu, Jingjuan Qiao, Shenghui Xue et al.     Gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) is differentially expressed on the surfaces of various diseased cells, including prostate and lung cancer. However, monitoring temporal …             Novel, Synergistic Antifungal Combinations that Target Translation Fidelity ▶     Elena Moreno-Martinez, Cindy Vallieres, Sara L. Holland et al.     There is an unmet need for new antifungal or fungicide treatments, as resistance to existing treatments grows. Combination treatments help to combat resistance. Here we develop a …             Spatiotemporal quantification of subcellular ATP levels in a single HeLa cell during changes in morphology ▶     Rika Suzuki, Kohji Hotta, Kotaro Oka     The quantitative relationship between change in cell shape and ATP consumption is an unsolved problem in cell biology. In this study, a simultaneous imaging and image processing …             Structural basis of pyrimidine-pyrimidone (6–4) photoproduct recognition by UV-DDB in the nucleosome ▶     Akihisa Osakabe, Hiroaki Tachiwana, Wataru Kagawa et al.     UV-DDB, an initiation factor for the nucleotide excision repair pathway, recognizes 6–4PP lesions through a base flipping mechanism. As genomic DNA is almost entirely …             Simultaneous measurement of electroencephalography and near-infrared spectroscopy during voluntary motor preparation ▶     Takuro Zama, Sotaro Shimada     We investigated the relationship between electrophysiological activity and haemodynamic response during motor preparation by simultaneous recording of electroencephalography …             Structural insights into the reaction mechanism of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase ▶     Yoshio Kusakabe, Masaaki Ishihara, Tomonobu Umeda et al.     S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase (SAH hydrolase or SAHH) is a highly conserved enzyme that catalyses the reversible hydrolysis of SAH to L-homocysteine (HCY) and adenosine …             Targeted Proteomics Enables Simultaneous Quantification of Folate Receptor Isoforms and Potential Isoform-based Diagnosis in Breast Cancer ▶     Ting Yang, Feifei Xu, Danjun Fang et al.     The distinct roles of protein isoforms in cancer are becoming increasingly evident. FRα and FRβ, two major isoforms of the folate receptor family, generally have different …             Role of KRAS-LCS6 polymorphism in advanced NSCLC patients treated with erlotinib or docetaxel in second line treatment (TAILOR) ▶     Monica Ganzinelli, Eliana Rulli, Elisa Caiola et al.     MicroRNAs were described to target mRNA and regulate the transcription of genes involved in processes de-regulated in tumorigenesis, such as proliferation, differentiation and …             Erratum: Meat, dairy and plant proteins alter bacterial composition of rat gut bacteria ▶     Yingying Zhu, Xisha Lin, Fan Zhao et al.                 A Universal Base in a Specific Role: Tuning up a Thrombin Aptamer with 5-Nitroindole ▶     Vladimir B. Tsvetkov, Anna M. Varizhuk, Galina E. Pozmogova et al.     In this study we describe new modified analogs of the thrombin binding aptamer (TBA) containing 5-nitroindole residues. It has been shown that all modified TBAs form an …             Sample storage conditions significantly influence faecal microbiome profiles ▶     Jocelyn M Choo, Lex EX Leong, Geraint B Rogers     Sequencing-based studies of the human faecal microbiota are increasingly common. Appropriate storage of sample material is essential to avoid the introduction of post-collection …             Controls and constrains of the membrane disrupting action of Aurein 1.2 ▶     Mahdi Shahmiri, Marta Enciso, Adam Mechler     Aurein 1.2 is a 13 residue antimicrobial peptide secreted by the Australian tree frog Litoria Aurea. It is a surface-acting membrane disrupting peptide that permeabilizes …             Sustainable production of valuable compound 3-succinoyl-pyridine by genetically engineering Pseudomonas putida using the tobacco waste ▶     Weiwei Wang, Ping Xu, Hongzhi Tang     Treatment of solid and liquid tobacco wastes with high nicotine content remains a longstanding challenge. Here, we explored an environmentally friendly approach to replace …             Combined use of spatial restraint stress and middle cerebral artery occlusion is a novel model of post-stroke depression in mice ▶     Gaocai Zhang, Li Chen, Lingli Yang et al.     Post stroke depression (PSD) is one of the most common complications of ischemic stroke. At present, the underlying mechanisms are unclear, largely because there are no reliable, …             Gamma oscillations in V1 are correlated with GABAA receptor density: A multi-modal MEG and Flumazenil-PET study ▶     Jan Kujala, Julien Jung, Sandrine Bouvard et al.     High-frequency oscillations in the gamma-band reflect rhythmic synchronization of spike timing in active neural networks. The modulation of gamma oscillations is a widely …             What determines positive, neutral, and negative impacts of Solidago canadensis invasion on native plant species richness? ▶     Li-Jia Dong, Hong-Wei Yu, Wei-Ming He     Whether plant invasions pose a great threat to native plant diversity is still hotly debated due to conflicting findings. More importantly, we know little about the mechanisms of …             Quantitative histology analysis of the ovarian tumour microenvironment ▶     Chunyan Lan, Andreas Heindl, Xin Huang et al.     Concerted efforts in genomic studies examining RNA transcription and DNA methylation patterns have revealed profound insights in prognostic ovarian cancer subtypes. On the other …             Efficient Generation of Mice with Consistent Transgene Expression by FEEST ▶     Lei Gao, Yonghua Jiang, Libing Mu et al.     Transgenic mouse models are widely used in biomedical research; however, current techniques for producing transgenic mice are limited due to the unpredictable nature of transgene …             Directional nanotopographic gradients: a high-throughput screening platform for cell contact guidance ▶     Qihui Zhou, Philipp T. Kühn, Thirsa Huisman et al.     A novel approach was developed using PDMS-substrates with surface-aligned nanotopography gradients, varying unidirectional in amplitude and wavelength, for studying cell behavior …             Superresolution imaging with optical fluctuation using speckle patterns illumination ▶     MinKwan Kim, ChungHyun Park, Christophe Rodriguez et al.     Superresolution fluorescence microscopy possesses an important role for the study of processes in biological cells with subdiffraction resolution. Recently, superresolution …             Producing human ceramide-NS by metabolic engineering using yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae ▶     Suguru Murakami, Toshi Shimamoto, Hideaki Nagano et al.     Ceramide is one of the most important intercellular components responsible for the barrier and moisture retention functions of the skin. Because of the risks involved with using …             Hardy exotics species in temperate zone: can “warm water” crayfish invaders establish regardless of low temperatures? ▶     Lukáš Veselý, Miloš Buřič, Antonín Kouba     The spreading of new crayfish species poses a serious risk for freshwater ecosystems; because they are omnivores they influence more than one level in the trophic chain and they …             Detection of early blight and late blight diseases on tomato leaves using hyperspectral imaging ▶     Chuanqi Xie, Yongni Shao, Xiaoli Li et al.     This study investigated the potential of using hyperspectral imaging for detecting different diseases on tomato leaves. One hundred and twenty healthy, one hundred and twenty …             Optogenetic stimulation reveals distinct modulatory properties of thalamostriatal vs corticostriatal glutamatergic inputs to fast-spiking interneurons ▶     Giuseppe Sciamanna, Giulia Ponterio, Georgia Mandolesi et al.     Parvalbumin-containing fast-spiking interneurons (FSIs) exert a powerful feed-forward GABAergic inhibition on striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs), playing a critical role in …             Role of Integrin β4 in Lung Endothelial Cell Inflammatory Responses to Mechanical Stress ▶     Weiguo Chen, Yulia Epshtein, Xiuquin Ni et al.     Simvastatin, an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, has lung vascular-protective effects that are associated with decreased agonist-induced integrin β4 (ITGB4) tyrosine phosphorylation. …             Unobtrusive ambulatory EEG using a smartphone and flexible printed electrodes around the ear ▶     Stefan Debener, Reiner Emkes, Maarten De Vos et al.     This study presents first evidence that reliable EEG data can be recorded with a new cEEGrid electrode array, which consists of ten electrodes printed on flexible sheet and …             Accurate label-free reaction kinetics determination using initial rate heat measurements ▶     Kourosh Honarmand Ebrahimi, Peter-Leon Hagedoorn, Denise Jacobs et al.     Accurate label-free methods or assays to obtain the initial reaction rates have significant importance in fundamental studies of enzymes and in application-oriented high …             Highly-accurate metabolomic detection of early-stage ovarian cancer ▶     David A. Gaul, Roman Mezencev, Tran Q. Long et al.     High performance mass spectrometry was employed to interrogate the serum metabolome of early-stage ovarian cancer (OC) patients and age-matched control women. The resulting …             Association of specific frequency bands of functional MRI signal oscillations with motor symptoms and depression in Parkinson’s disease ▶     Xiaopeng Song, Xiao Hu, Shuqin Zhou et al.     A novel empirical mode decomposition method was adopted to investigate the dissociative or interactive neural impact of depression and motor impairments in Parkinson’s disease …             Graphene oxide and H2 production from bioelectrochemical graphite oxidation ▶     Lu Lu, Cuiping Zeng, Luda Wang et al.     Graphene oxide (GO) is an emerging material for energy and environmental applications, but it has been primarily produced using chemical processes involving high energy …             Long-term maintenance of human induced pluripotent stem cells by automated cell culture system ▶     Shuhei Konagaya, Takeshi Ando, Toshiaki Yamauchi et al.     Pluripotent stem cells, such as embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, are regarded as new sources for cell replacement therapy. These cells can …             Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia disease progression is associated with increased vaginal microbiome diversity ▶     A. Mitra, D. A. MacIntyre, Y. S. Lee et al.     Persistent infection with oncogenic Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is necessary for cervical carcinogenesis. Although evidence suggests that the vaginal microbiome plays a functional …             Trypanosoma cruzi P21: a potential novel target for chagasic cardiomyopathy therapy ▶     Thaise Lara Teixeira, Fabrício Castro Machado, Aline Alves da Silva et al.     Chagas disease, which is caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, is an important cause of cardiomyopathy in Latin America. It is estimated that 10%–30% of all infected …             Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Diffusion-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Monitoring the Early Response to ZD6474 from Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in Nude Mouse ▶     Yanfen Cui, Caiyuan Zhang, Xiaoming Li et al.     Early therapeutic effects of anti-angiogenic agent ZD6474 upon nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in nude mouse were monitored by using intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) …             Climate-driven environmental changes around 8,200 years ago favoured increases in cetacean strandings and Mediterranean hunter-gatherers exploited them ▶     Marcello A. Mannino, Sahra Talamo, Antonio Tagliacozzo et al.     Cetacean mass strandings occur regularly worldwide, yet the compounded effects of natural and anthropogenic factors often complicate our understanding of these phenomena. …             Investigation of Pathogenic Genes in Chinese sporadic Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Patients by Whole Exome Sequencing ▶     Jing Xu, Zhongshan Li, Xianguo Ren et al.     Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a cardiovascular disease with high heterogeneity. 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