Laboratory Investigation - Table of Contents alert Volume 95 Issue 11

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TABLE OF CONTENTS Volume 95, Issue 11 (November 2015) In this issue Inside the USCAP Journals Research Articles Technical Reports Also new AOP Sign up for e-alerts Recommend to your library Web feed Subscribe Inside the USCAP Journals Top Inside the USCAP Journals 2015 95: 1220-1221; 10.1038/labinvest.2015.122 Full Text Research Articles Top GASTROINTESTINAL AND HEPATIC SYSTEMS Novel regenerative peptide TP508 mitigates radiation-induced gastrointestinal damage by activating stem cells and preserving crypt integrity This study focuses on the development of an effective medicinal countermeasure to mitigate radiation-induced gastrointestinal tissue damage, increase survival and delay mortality. A single post-exposure injection of a novel regenerative peptide, TP508, was shown to mitigate effects of gastrointestinal toxicity by activating stem cells and preserving crypt integrity. Carla Kantara, Stephanie M Moya, Courtney W Houchen, Shahid Umar, Robert L Ullrich, Pomila Singh and Darrell H Carney 2015 95: 1222-1233; advance online publication, August 17, 2015; 10.1038/labinvest.2015.103 Abstract | Full Text Curcumin inhibits cobalt chloride-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition associated with interference with TGF-β/Smad signaling in hepatocytes In a rat model of liver fibrosis, curcumin reverses hepatocyte epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Mechanistically, curcumin interferes with TGF-β signaling by reducing the expression of TGF-β receptor I and inhibiting the expression and phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3. Desong Kong, Feng Zhang, Jiangjuan Shao, Li Wu, Xiaoping Zhang, Li Chen, Yin Lu and Shizhong Zheng 2015 95: 1234-1245; advance online publication, August 24, 2015; 10.1038/labinvest.2015.107 Abstract | Full Text ANGIOGENESIS, CARDIOVASCULAR AND PULMONARY SYSTEMS Tissue factor pathway inhibitor gene transfer prevents vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation by interfering with the MCP-3/CCR2 pathway This paper shows that tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) plays an anti-proliferative role in TNF-α-stimulated vascular smooth muscle cells through intervention in the MCP-3/CCR2 pathway via suppression of the ERK1/2 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. Therefore, TFPI gene transfer may be a safe and effective therapeutic tool for treating atherosclerosis and intimal hyperplasia. Yu Fu, Dandan Ma, Yue Liu, Hui Li, Jinyu Chi, Wenxiu Liu, Fang Lin, Jing Hu, Xiaohui Zhang, Minling Zhu, Yong Zhao and Xinhua Yin 2015 95: 1246-1257; advance online publication, August 24, 2015; 10.1038/labinvest.2015.106 Abstract | Full Text Lipoxin A4 activates alveolar epithelial sodium channel gamma via the microRNA-21/PTEN/AKT pathway in lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory lung injury This study identifies a unique role for the anti-inflammatory lipid lipoxin A4 (LXA4) on miR-21 expression in lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory lung injury. MiR-21 is up-regulated by lipopolysaccharide challenge and down-regulated by LXA4 administration. Mechanistically, LXA4 activates the epithelial sodium channel ENaC-? via miR-21 through the PTEN/AKT signaling pathway, leading to alveolar fluid clearance. Wei Qi, Hui Li, Xiao-Hong Cai, Jia-Qi Gu, Jin Meng, Hai-Qing Xie, Jun-Li Zhang, Jie Chen, Xian-Guan Jin, Qian Tang, Yu Hao, Ye Gao, Ai-Qing Wen, Xiang-Yang Xue, Fang Gao Smith and Sheng-Wei Jin 2015 95: 1258-1268; advance online publication, August 24, 2015; 10.1038/labinvest.2015.109 Abstract | Full Text KRASG12D-mediated oncogenic transformation of thyroid follicular cells requires long-term TSH stimulation and is regulated by SPRY1 This paper investigates the potential of long-term exposure to thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and expression of the negative regulator of receptor tyrosine kinase signaling, SPRY1, on thyroid cancer development. SPRY1 expression is increased in follicular thyroid cancer and promotes TSH-RAS signaling through the PI3K/AKT pathway. However, SPRY1 is down-regulated in papillary thyroid cancer and results in both MAPK and PI3K/AKT activation. Minjing Zou, Essa Y Baitei, Roua A Al-Rijjal, Ranjit S Parhar, Futwan A Al-Mohanna, Shioko Kimura, Catrin Pritchard, Huda BinEssa, Azizah A Alanazi, Ali S Alzahrani, Mohammed Akhtar, Abdullah M Assiri, Brian F Meyer and Yufei Shi 2015 95: 1269-1277; advance online publication, July 6, 2015; 10.1038/labinvest.2015.90 Abstract | Full Text ENDOCRINE, VISUAL AND AUDITORY SYSTEMS Characterization and pharmacologic targeting of EZH2, a fetal retinal protein and epigenetic regulator, in human retinoblastoma Following an analysis of 43 tumors, the authors identified the first biomarker for human retinoblastoma (RB): EZH2, a histone methyltransferase. They demonstrate that targeting EZH2 with pharmacologic inhibitors closely related to those in clinical trial–for non-eye cancers–specifically inhibits growth of RB cells but spares non-tumor, retinal cells. Mehnaz Khan, Laura L Walters, Qiang Li, Dafydd G Thomas, Jason M L Miller, Qitao Zhang, Andrew P Sciallis, Yu Liu, Brian J Dlouhy, Patrice E Fort, Steven M Archer, Hakan Demirci, Yali Dou and Rajesh C Rao 2015 95: 1278-1290; advance online publication, August 17, 2015; 10.1038/labinvest.2015.104 Abstract | Full Text Involvement of ZEB1 and Snail1 in excessive production of extracellular matrix in Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-inducing genes are highly expressed in the corneal endothelium of Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) and are involved in excessive production of extracellular matrix through TGF-β signaling. These findings suggest that the regulation of EMT-related genes may be a feasible therapeutic strategy for FECD. Naoki Okumura, Ryuki Minamiyama, Leona TY Ho, EunDuck P Kay, Satoshi Kawasaki, Theofilos Tourtas, Ursula Schlötzer-Schrehardt, Friedrich E Kruse, Robert D Young, Andrew J Quantock, Shigeru Kinoshita and Noriko Koizumi 2015 95: 1291-1304; advance online publication, August 24, 2015; 10.1038/labinvest.2015.111 Abstract | Full Text Partial denervation of sub-basal axons persists following debridement wounds to the mouse cornea Subbasal axon density in the mouse cornea was quantified after different types of wounding. While axons are restored to normal density and morphology after superficial trephination, recovery is partial after debridement wounds. The increase in corneal epithelial apoptosis at the apex observed in the debridement model may destabilize newly re-innervated sub-basal axons. Ahdeah Pajoohesh-Ganji, Sonali Pal-Ghosh, Gauri Tadvalkar, Briana M Kyne, Daniel R Saban and Mary Ann Stepp 2015 95: 1305-1318; advance online publication, August 17, 2015; 10.1038/labinvest.2015.113 Abstract | Full Text Technical Reports Top MODELS AND TECHNIQUES Whole slide image cytometry: a novel method to detect abnormal DNA content in Barrett’s esophagus This study presents a novel whole-slide image cytometry method for the histological grading in Barrett's esophagus. Using whole tissue sections and robust image analysis, abnormal DNA content can be detected. The authors show that the proposed DNA content histogram measurements successfully differentiate samples negative for dysplasia, with low-grade dysplasia and with high-grade dysplasia. Yinhai Wang, Damian T McManus, Kenneth Arthur, Brian T Johnston, Andrew J Kennedy, Helen G Coleman, Liam J Murray and Peter W Hamilton 2015 95: 1319-1330; advance online publication, August 3, 2015; 10.1038/labinvest.2015.98 Abstract | Full Text Primary outgrowth cultures are a reliable source of human pancreatic stellate cells This study demonstrates that isolation and expansion of human pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) using an outgrowth methodology from human surgical specimens (ranging from normal/inflammatory pancreas to pancreatic cancer) exhibit reproducible phenotypic and functional characteristics of PSCs. This method may serve as a source of primary cultures of activated and quiescent PSCs for in vitro and in vivo experimentation. Song Han, Daniel Delitto, Dongyu Zhang, Heather L Sorenson, George A Sarosi, Ryan M Thomas, Kevin E Behrns, Shannon M Wallet, Jose G Trevino and Steven J Hughes 2015 95: 1331-1340; advance online publication, August 31, 2015; 10.1038/labinvest.2015.117 Abstract | Full Text Please note that you need to be a subscriber or site-licence holder to enjoy full-text access to Laboratory Investigation. In order to do so, please purchase a subscription. You have been sent this Table of Contents Alert because you have opted in to receive it. You can change or discontinue your e-mail alerts at any time, by modifying your preferences on your nature.com account at: www.nature.com/nams/svc/myaccount (You will need to log in to be recognised as a nature.com registrant). For further technical assistance, please contact our registration department. For print subscription enquiries, please contact our subscription department. For other enquiries, please contact our customer feedback department. 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