Nature Communications - 08 July 2015

Weekly Content Alert Nature Communications is now fully open access. Read more. 08 July 2015  Featured image: Kato et al. investigate how volatiles behaved during lunar formation, suggesting that volatile-rich regions may exist in the lunar interior. Latest content: Review Articles Corrigenda Journal homepage Recommend to library Web feed   Advertisement Helmholtz Zentrum München and Nature Medicine are pleased to announce: THE 3RD ANNUAL HELMHOLTZ-NATURE MEDICINE DIABETES CONFERENCE September 19-21, 2015 | Munich, Germany  REGISTER NOW!  Advertisement Open for Submissions An interdisciplinary journal dedicated to publishing high-quality open research relevant to all aspects of schizophrenia and psychosis. Explore the benefits of submitting your next research article.       Nature Communications - now fully open access All new submissions, if accepted, will be published open access and an article processing charge (APC) will apply. For more information visit the website. Visit our open access funding page or contact openaccess@nature.com to learn more about APC funding.       Latest Review View all Reviews     The role of mechanics in biological and bio-inspired systems Paul Egan, Robert Sinko, Philip R. LeDuc and Sinan Keten There are many examples in nature of biological materials having developed interesting mechanical properties to enhance their functional performance. Here, Egan et al. review these materials and how they can inspire the design of biomimetic mechanical systems. 06 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8418 Biological Sciences  Materials science        Latest Articles View all Articles     Spontaneous restoration of transplantation tolerance after acute rejection OPEN Michelle L. Miller, Melvin D. Daniels, Tongmin Wang, Jianjun Chen, James Young, Jing Xu, Ying Wang, Dengping Yin, Vinh Vu, Aliya N. Husain, Maria-Luisa Alegre and Anita S. Chong An infection can break the immune tolerance of a transplanted organ, resulting in its rejection. Here the authors show that the immunological memory of transplantation tolerance dominates over the memory of allograft rejection, so that another organ transplanted later can be spontaneously accepted. 07 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8566 Biological Sciences  Immunology  MicroRNA-431 accelerates muscle regeneration and ameliorates muscular dystrophy by targeting Pax7 in mice Rimao Wu, Hu Li, Lili Zhai, Xiaoting Zou, Jiao Meng, Ran Zhong, Changyin Li, Haixia Wang, Yong Zhang and Dahai Zhu Skeletal muscle stem cells (satellite cells) express different levels of a critical transcriptional regulator Pax7. Here, the authors show that miR-431 regulates Pax7 levels in satellite cells of the developing and regenerating muscle, and that increased miR-431expression in these cells alleviates symptoms of muscular dystrophy in mice. 07 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8713 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Medical research  Two-dimensional magnetotransport in a black phosphorus naked quantum well OPEN V. Tayari, N. Hemsworth, I. Fakih, A. Favron, E. Gaufrès, G. Gervais, R. Martel and T. Szkopek The two-dimensional atomic layers of black phosphorus may be exfoliated to create devices with desirable electronic transport properties. Here, the authors observe two-dimensional quantum transport in black phosphorus quantum wells, protected from oxidation by encapsulation in a polymer layer. 07 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8702 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Condensed matter  The minimal work cost of information processing OPEN Philippe Faist, Frédéric Dupuis, Jonathan Oppenheim and Renato Renner Irreversible computation cannot be performed without a work cost, and energy dissipation imposes limitations on devices' performances. Here the authors show that the minimal work requirement of logical operations is given by the amount of discarded information, measured by entropy. 07 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8669 Physical Sciences  Theoretical physics  Clinical implications of genomic alterations in the tumour and circulation of pancreatic cancer patients Mark Sausen, Jillian Phallen, Vilmos Adleff, Siân Jones, Rebecca J. Leary, Michael T. Barrett, Valsamo Anagnostou, Sonya Parpart-Li, Derek Murphy, Qing Kay Li, Carolyn A. Hruban, Rob Scharpf, James R. White, Peter J. O’Dwyer, Peter J. Allen, James R. Eshleman, Craig B. Thompson, David S. Klimstra, David C. Linehan, Anirban Maitra et al. Somatic mutations have been reported in pancreatic adenocarcinomas. Here, Sausen et al. identify further mutations and find that mutations in the chromatin modifying gene, MLL, are associated with increased survival, and that the presence of circulating tumour DNA in the serum of patients is associated with poor survival. 07 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8686 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Genetics  Microsecond protein dynamics observed at the single-molecule level OPEN Takuhiro Otosu, Kunihiko Ishii and Tahei Tahara Single molecule spectroscopy can visualise dynamic changes in protein conformation on the submillisecond timescale. Here, Otosu et al. apply two-dimensional fluorescence lifetime correlation spectroscopy to visualise dynamics between seven conformers of cytochrome c on the microsecond timescale. 07 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8685 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Biophysics  Pirt reduces bladder overactivity by inhibiting purinergic receptor P2X3 Xiao-Fei Gao, Ji-Feng Feng, Wei Wang, Zheng-Hua Xiang, Xiu-Jie Liu, Chan Zhu, Zong-Xiang Tang, Xin-Zhong Dong and Cheng He The cause of overactive bladder is largely unknown and there is currently no effective therapy. Gao et al. show that a membrane protein Pirt controls bladder emptying by inhibiting the neuronal purinergic receptor P2X3 and that treatment with a small Pirt fragment prevents bladder overactivity in mice. 07 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8650 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Medical research  Genetic determinants of antithyroid drug-induced agranulocytosis by human leukocyte antigen genotyping and genome-wide association study OPEN Pei-Lung Chen, Shyang-Rong Shih, Pei-Wen Wang, Ying-Chao Lin, Chen-Chung Chu, Jung-Hsin Lin, Szu-Chi Chen, Ching-Chung Chang, Tien-Shang Huang, Keh Sung Tsai, Fen-Yu Tseng, Chih-Yuan Wang, Jin-Ying Lu, Wei-Yih Chiu, Chien-Ching Chang, Yu-Hsuan Chen, Yuan-Tsong Chen, Cathy Shen-Jang Fann, Wei-Shiung Yang and Tien-Chun Chang et al. Graves’ disease is the leading cause of hyperthyroidism but treatment options can cause life-threatening complications. Chen et al. conduct two-stage direct HLA genotyping and genome-wide association studies to identify HLA-B*38:02 and HLA-DRB1*08:03 as major pharmacogenetic determinants. 07 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8633 Biological Sciences  Genetics  Immunology  Prediction model for aneuploidy in early human embryo development revealed by single-cell analysis OPEN Maria Vera-Rodriguez, Shawn L. Chavez, Carmen Rubio, Renee A. Reijo Pera and Carlos Simon Aneuploidy may be fatal for the embryo, hence predicting its occurrence is important for successful in vitro fertilization. Here the authors monitor development of human preimplantation embryos in real-time and correlate the blastomere ploidy with cleavage dynamics and gene expression, identifying 12-transcript signature that determines ploidy. 07 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8601 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Developmental biology  Medical research  Recessive mutations in POLR1C cause a leukodystrophy by impairing biogenesis of RNA polymerase III OPEN Isabelle Thiffault, Nicole I. Wolf, Diane Forget, Kether Guerrero, Luan T. Tran, Karine Choquet, Mathieu Lavallée-Adam, Christian Poitras, Bernard Brais, Grace Yoon, Laszlo Sztriha, Richard I. Webster, Dagmar Timmann, Bart P. van de Warrenburg, Jürgen Seeger, Alíz Zimmermann, Adrienn Máté, Cyril Goizet, Eva Fung, Marjo S. van der Knaap et al. Some RNA polymerase (POLR) 3-related leukodystrophy cases do not have the causal mutations in POLR3A and POLR3B. Here, by exome sequencing, the authors identify recessive mutations in POLR1C, a gene encoding a shared POLR1 and POLR3 subunit, impairing assembly and nuclear import of POLR3, but not POLR1. 07 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8623 Biological Sciences  Genetics  Molecular biology  BMI1–RING1B is an autoinhibited RING E3 ubiquitin ligase Asad M. Taherbhoy, Oscar W. Huang and Andrea G. Cochran Polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) ubiquitinates histone H2A at lysine 119. Here the authors show that the intrinsically low activity of PCGF4–RING1B, a canonical PRC1 E3 ligase, is offset by a favourable interaction with nucleosome substrates, resulting in efficient site-specific monoubiquitination. 07 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8621 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Molecular biology  Voxel-based morphometry predicts shifts in dendritic spine density and morphology with auditory fear conditioning OPEN O. P. Keifer Jr, R. C. Hurt, D. A. Gutman, S. D. Keilholz, S. L. Gourley and K. J. Ressler Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) involves comparisons of high resolution structural images of the brain between groups, but what causes changes in the VBM signal is unclear. Here the authors perform a VBM study of Thy1-YFP mice following auditory fear conditioning and propose that the signal changes can be partially explained by increases in dendritic spine density. 07 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8582 Biological Sciences  Neuroscience  Engineering near-infrared single-photon emitters with optically active spins in ultrapure silicon carbide F. Fuchs, B. Stender, M. Trupke, D. Simin, J. Pflaum, V. Dyakonov and G. V. Astakhov Single-photon quantum emitters with optically active spins are desirable for quantum information processing, secure networks and nanosensing, but engineering of these spin centres has been challenging. Here, Fuch et al. demonstrate the control of spin centre density in silicon carbide over eight orders of magnitude. 07 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8578 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Materials science  Optical physics  Probing the target search of DNA-binding proteins in mammalian cells using TetR as model searcher OPEN Davide Normanno, Lydia Boudarène, Claire Dugast-Darzacq, Jiji Chen, Christian Richter, Florence Proux, Olivier Bénichou, Raphaël Voituriez, Xavier Darzacq and Maxime Dahan During transcription, replication and repair, DNA-binding proteins must find specific interaction sites hidden within a vast excess of genomic DNA. Here the authors use single-molecule tracking to quantitatively determine the contributions of the different processes that underlie target search in human cells. 07 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8357 Biological Sciences  Biophysics  Molecular biology  Genomic modulators of gene expression in human neutrophils OPEN Vivek Naranbhai, Benjamin P. Fairfax, Seiko Makino, Peter Humburg, Daniel Wong, Esther Ng, Adrian V. S. Hill and Julian C. Knight Neutrophils are the most abundant subset of leukocyte and central to many diseases. Here by mapping expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) in the context of epigenetic marks in neutrophils and monocytes of 101 healthy European adults, the authors provide a resource to advance understanding of immune-related trait-associated genetic variants. 07 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8545 Biological Sciences  Genetics  Immunology  Structural basis for cellobiose dehydrogenase action during oxidative cellulose degradation OPEN Tien-Chye Tan, Daniel Kracher, Rosaria Gandini, Christoph Sygmund, Roman Kittl, Dietmar Haltrich, B. Martin Hällberg, Roland Ludwig and Christina Divne Cellobiose dehydrogenases (CDHs) cooperate with lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) to catalyse cellulose degradation. Here Tan et al. define the electron transfer pathway in CDH, providing a structural analysis of CDH conformers and of the interaction between CDH and LPMO during cellulose depolymerisation. 07 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8542 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Biophysics  Kindlin-2 controls TGF-β signalling and Sox9 expression to regulate chondrogenesis OPEN Chuanyue Wu, Hongli Jiao, Yumei Lai, Wei Zheng, Ka Chen, Hong Qu, Weimin Deng, Pingping Song, Ke Zhu, Huiling Cao, Deborah L. Galson, Jie Fan, Hee-Jeong Im, Yujie Liu, Ju Chen, Di Chen and Guozhi Xiao The Kidlins are proteins found in cell focal adhesion sites where they regulate integrins, and in the nucleus where their role is unknown. Here the authors show that Kindlin-2 controls chondrogenesis by regulating integrin b1 activation and Sox9 and TGF-β nuclear signalling. 07 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8531 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Developmental biology  SUMO and ubiquitin-dependent XPC exchange drives nucleotide excision repair OPEN Loes van Cuijk, Gijsbert J. van Belle, Yasemin Turkyilmaz, Sara L. Poulsen, Roel C. Janssens, Arjan F. Theil, Mariangela Sabatella, Hannes Lans, Niels Mailand, Adriaan B. Houtsmuller, Wim Vermeulen and Jurgen A. Marteijn The SUMO-targeted ubiquitin ligase RNF111 promotes K63-linked ubiquitylation of SUMOylated XPC after DNA damage. Here the authors show that RNF111 is responsible for sequential XPC ubiquitylation, and RNF111-mediated ubiquitylation promotes the release of XPC from damaged DNA after NER initiation. 07 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8499 Biological Sciences  Molecular biology  Identifying active vascular microcalcification by 18F-sodium fluoride positron emission tomography OPEN Agnese Irkle, Alex T. Vesey, David Y. Lewis, Jeremy N. Skepper, Joseph L. E. Bird, Marc R. Dweck, Francis R. Joshi, Ferdia A. Gallagher, Elizabeth A. Warburton, Martin R. Bennett, Kevin M. Brindle, David E. Newby, James H. Rudd and Anthony P. Davenport Atherosclerotic plaques with macrocalcification are stable, whereas microcalcification is a key feature of rupture-prone plaques. Here the authors show that 18F-NaF PET/CT imaging can distinguish between macro- and microcalcification providing a potential, non-invasive imaging technique to identify patients with high-risk atheroma. 07 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8495 Biological Sciences  Medical research  Giant anisotropic magnetoresistance in a quantum anomalous Hall insulator OPEN Abhinav Kandala, Anthony Richardella, Susan Kempinger, Chao-Xing Liu and Nitin Samarth When magnetized out-of-plane, three-dimensional ferromagnetic topological insulator thin films exhibit the quantum anomalous Hall effect. Here, the authors follow the evolution of this dissipationless chiral edge transport effect as the magnetization is brought in-plane under an applied magnetic field. 07 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8434 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Condensed matter  Genome-wide association study of colorectal cancer identifies six new susceptibility loci Fredrick R. Schumacher, Stephanie L. Schmit, Shuo Jiao, Christopher K. Edlund, Hansong Wang, Ben Zhang, Li Hsu, Shu-Chen Huang, Christopher P. Fischer, John F. Harju, Gregory E. Idos, Flavio Lejbkowicz, Frank J. Manion, Kevin McDonnell, Caroline E. McNeil, Marilena Melas, Hedy S. Rennert, Wei Shi, Duncan C. Thomas, David J. Van Den Berg et al. Previous studies have shown that both rare pathogenic mutations and common genetic variants contribute to the familial risk of developing colorectal cancer. Here, the authors carry out a two-stage genome-wide association study and identify six new loci associated with colorectal cancer. 07 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8138 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Genetics  Phosphoproteomics reveals malaria parasite Protein Kinase G as a signalling hub regulating egress and invasion OPEN Mahmood M. Alam, Lev Solyakov, Andrew R. Bottrill, Christian Flueck, Faiza A. Siddiqui, Shailja Singh, Sharad Mistry, Maria Viskaduraki, Kate Lee, Christine S. Hopp, Chetan E. Chitnis, Christian Doerig, Robert W. Moon, Judith L. Green, Anthony A. Holder, David A. Baker and Andrew B. Tobin Protein kinases expressed by the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum represent potentially valuable drug targets. Alam et al. identify proteins whose phosphorylation is dependent on the kinase PfPKG, revealing a regulatory network controlling parasite egress from red blood cells and calcium signalling. 07 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8285 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Microbiology  Systems biology  A three-step MTOC fragmentation mechanism facilitates bipolar spindle assembly in mouse oocytes OPEN Dean Clift and Melina Schuh Mitotic spindles assemble from two centrosomes, but oocytes lack centrosomes so how their spindles assemble is unclear. Here Clift and Schuh show that multiple acentriolar microtubule-organizing centres fragment in a three-step process to facilitate bipolar spindle assembly in mouse oocytes. 06 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8217 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Quantum simulation of 2D topological physics in a 1D array of optical cavities OPEN Xi-Wang Luo, Xingxiang Zhou, Chuan-Feng Li, Jin-Shi Xu, Guang-Can Guo and Zheng-Wei Zhou A wide variety of interesting phenomena arise in 2D systems subject to external gauge fields, but these are sometimes challenging to verify experimentally. Here the authors propose a setup to simulate 2D physics with a 1D arrangement of cavities, by exploiting the orbital angular momentum of trapped photons. 06 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8704 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Optical physics  Theoretical physics  Electronic polymers and soft-matter-like broken symmetries in underdoped cuprates OPEN M. Capati, S. Caprara, C. Di Castro, M. Grilli, G. Seibold and J. Lorenzana High-Tc superconductivity is thought to be associated with spatial electronic ordering, which for cuprates is not well understood yet. Here the authors use Monte Carlo simulations to show the emergence of a soft-matter-like electronic phase between the antiferromagnetic and the superconducting states. 06 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8691 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Theoretical physics  Aneuploidy generates proteotoxic stress and DNA damage concurrently with p53-mediated post-mitotic apoptosis in SAC-impaired cells OPEN Akihiro Ohashi, Momoko Ohori, Kenichi Iwai, Yusuke Nakayama, Tadahiro Nambu, Daisuke Morishita, Tomohiro Kawamoto, Maki Miyamoto, Takaharu Hirayama, Masanori Okaniwa, Hiroshi Banno, Tomoyasu Ishikawa, Hitoshi Kandori and Kentaro Iwata CENP-E regulates chromosome alignment during mitosis to distribute chromosomes equally into daughter cells. Here, the authors show that CENP-E inhibition causes p53-mediated post-mitotic apoptosis in tumours where the spindle assembly checkpoint is compromised, suggesting that CENP-E is a therapeutic target for these cancers. 06 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8668 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Cell biology  Chemical biology  The circadian clock rephases during lateral root organ initiation in Arabidopsis thaliana OPEN Ute Voß, Michael H. Wilson, Kim Kenobi, Peter D. Gould, Fiona C. Robertson, Wendy A. Peer, Mikaël Lucas, Kamal Swarup, Ilda Casimiro, Tara J. Holman, Darren M. Wells, Benjamin Péret, Tatsuaki Goh, Hidehiro Fukaki, T. Charlie Hodgman, Laurent Laplaze, Karen J. Halliday, Karin Ljung, Angus S. Murphy, Anthony J. Hall et al. In Arabidopsis, lateral root emergence requires the penetration of overlying tissues by stem cells deep within the root. Voß et al. reveal that changes in auxin signalling required for this process are mediated by local rephasing of the circadian clock. 06 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8641 Biological Sciences  Plant sciences  Electrical probing of field-driven cascading quantized transitions of skyrmion cluster states in MnSi nanowires OPEN Haifeng Du, Dong Liang, Chiming Jin, Lingyao Kong, Matthew J. Stolt, Wei Ning, Jiyong Yang, Ying Xing, Jian Wang, Renchao Che, Jiadong Zang, Song Jin, Yuheng Zhang and Mingliang Tian Future magnetic memory technologies may be based on the manipulation of skyrmions, nanoscale topologically stable circulating magnetization textures arising in chiral magnets. Here, the authors explore the behaviour of skyrmion clusters in nanowires with widths comparable to the single-skyrmion scale. 06 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8637 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Condensed matter  Nanotechnology  Efficient AID targeting of switch regions is not sufficient for optimal class switch recombination Amélie Bonaud, Fabien Lechouane, Sandrine Le Noir, Olivier Monestier, Michel Cogné and Christophe Sirac Activation-induced cytidine deaminase can induce both somatic hypermutation (SHM) and class switch recombination in immunoglobulin loci. Here the authors show that spliced and repetitive switch regions are exquisite SHM targets, but are not sufficient by themselves for class switch recombination. 06 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8613 Biological Sciences  Immunology  Molecular biology  Heat capacity peak at the quantum critical point of the transverse Ising magnet CoNb2O6 OPEN Tian Liang, S. M. Koohpayeh, J. W. Krizan, T. M. McQueen, R. J. Cava and N. P. Ong The archetypal transverse Ising magnet CoNb2O6 possesses a set of collective spin modes near its quantum critical point. Here, the authors use heat capacity measurements to evidence the existence of Fermionic gapless spin excitations at the critical point. 06 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8611 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Condensed matter  Creation and manipulation of topological states in chiral nematic microspheres OPEN Tetiana Orlova, Sarah Jane Aßhoff, Tadatsugu Yamaguchi, Nathalie Katsonis and Etienne Brasselet Controlling the topology of matter offers an alternative way to make functional materials, among which liquid crystals hold promise due to their spontaneously occurring defects. Here Orlova et al. demonstrate the formation and remote control of topological structures in frustrated cholesteric droplets. 06 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8603 Physical Sciences  Materials science  Physical chemistry  Allostery through the computational microscope: cAMP activation of a canonical signalling domain Robert D. Malmstrom, Alexandr P. Kornev, Susan S. Taylor and Rommie E. Amaro Allostery, communication between distant parts of a protein, is a key element of enzyme catalysis. Here the authors combine existing experimental data with molecular dynamics simulations and Markov state models to provide insight into the mechanism of ligand-induced allostery within the cyclicnucleotide-binding domain of protein kinase A. 06 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8588 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Biophysics  High-quality bulk hybrid perovskite single crystals within minutes by inverse temperature crystallization OPEN Makhsud I. Saidaminov, Ahmed L. Abdelhady, Banavoth Murali, Erkki Alarousu, Victor M. Burlakov, Wei Peng, Ibrahim Dursun, Lingfei Wang, Yao He, Giacomo Maculan, Alain Goriely, Tom Wu, Omar F. Mohammed and Osman M. Bakr Hybrid perovskites are a promising class of materials for photovoltaic applications. Here, addressing the need for high-quality hybrid perovskite materials, the authors achieve the rapid growth of hybrid perovskite single crystals of high quality by inverse temperature crystallization. 06 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8586 Physical Sciences  Inorganic chemistry  Materials science  Optical physics  A post-transcriptional mechanism pacing expression of neural genes with precursor cell differentiation status OPEN Weijun Dai, Wencheng Li, Mainul Hoque, Zhuyun Li, Bin Tian and Eugene V. Makeyev Nervous system development relies on coherent up-regulation of extensive genes in a precise spatiotemporal manner. Here, the authors show that miR-9/TTP circuitry ensures coordinated up-regulation of neuronal mRNAs in neurons and limits unscheduled accumulation of these transcripts in non-neuronal cells. 06 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8576 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Molecular biology  The GATA transcription factor GtaC regulates early developmental gene expression dynamics in Dictyostelium OPEN Balaji Santhanam, Huaqing Cai, Peter N. Devreotes, Gad Shaulsky and Mariko Katoh-Kurasawa Development involves dynamic transcriptional changes. By serial ChIP- and RNA-sequencing, here, the authors show that GtaC, a GATA type transcription factor, exhibits temporally distinctive DNA binding and regulation of gene expression concordant with the development in the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum. 06 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8551 Biological Sciences  Developmental biology  Molecular biology  Cryo-EM structure of the bacteriophage T4 portal protein assembly at near-atomic resolution OPEN Lei Sun, Xinzheng Zhang, Song Gao, Prashant A. Rao, Victor Padilla-Sanchez, Zhenguo Chen, Siyang Sun, Ye Xiang, Sriram Subramaniam, Venigalla B. Rao and Michael G. Rossmann Tailed bacteriophages translocate the genome into and out of the capsid through a portal protein assembly located between the phage s head and tail. Here Sun et al. provide a cryo-EM structure of the bacteriophage T4 portal protein assembly, suggesting the functions and evolution of the portal structure. 06 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8548 Biological Sciences  Biophysics  Virology  Suppression of the alternative lengthening of telomere pathway by the chromatin remodelling factor ATRX OPEN David Clynes, Clare Jelinska, Barbara Xella, Helena Ayyub, Caroline Scott, Matthew Mitson, Stephen Taylor, Douglas R. Higgs and Richard J. Gibbons ATRX, a chromatin remodelling factor, is mutated in cancers that maintain telomere length by alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT). Here, the authors show that ectopic expression of ATRX triggers telomere shortening, ALT suppression and reduced replication fork stalling. 06 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8538 Biological Sciences  Molecular biology  Bcl-2-like protein 13 is a mammalian Atg32 homologue that mediates mitophagy and mitochondrial fragmentation OPEN Tomokazu Murakawa, Osamu Yamaguchi, Ayako Hashimoto, Shungo Hikoso, Toshihiro Takeda, Takafumi Oka, Hiroki Yasui, Hiromichi Ueda, Yasuhiro Akazawa, Hiroyuki Nakayama, Manabu Taneike, Tomofumi Misaka, Shigemiki Omiya, Ajay M. Shah, Akitsugu Yamamoto, Kazuhiko Nishida, Yoshinori Ohsumi, Koji Okamoto, Yasushi Sakata and Kinya Otsu et al. Atg32 is required for mitophagy in yeast, however, a mammalian homologue of this protein has not been identified. Murakawa et al. identify Bcl-2-like protein 13 as a functional homologue of Atg32 in mammalian cells, and show that this protein can rescue mitophagy in Atg32-deficient yeast cells. 06 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8527 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Drebrin-like protein DBN-1 is a sarcomere component that stabilizes actin filaments during muscle contraction Eugenia Butkevich, Kai Bodensiek, Nikta Fakhri, Kerstin von Roden, Iwan A. T. Schaap, Irina Majoul, Christoph F. Schmidt and Dieter R. Klopfenstein Muscle function depends on a highly organized array of actin and myosin filaments. Butkevich et al. identify the C. elegans drebrin-like protein DBN-1 as an important regulator of actin filament stability in muscle cells, which relocalises from M-lines to I-bands on contraction. 06 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8523 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Concentration- and chromosome-organization-dependent regulator unbinding from DNA for transcription regulation in living cells OPEN Tai-Yen Chen, Ace George Santiago, Won Jung, Łukasz Krzemiński, Feng Yang, Danya J. Martell, John D. Helmann and Peng Chen Binding and unbinding of transcription regulators at operator sites regulates gene expression. By single-molecule tracking of metal-sensing regulators, here the authors show that the unbinding kinetics depends on regulator concentration and chromosome condensation, and varies with their metal-binding states. 06 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8445 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Molecular biology  Conductance of a single flexible molecular wire composed of alternating donor and acceptor units OPEN Christophe Nacci, Francisco Ample, David Bleger, Stefan Hecht, Christian Joachim and Leonhard Grill Molecular wires with high conductivity and conformable flexibility are desirable in nanoelectronics. Here, Nacci et al. grow flexible molecular wires, composed of alternating donor and acceptor units, on a metal surface, and show that high conductance can be achieved without electronic delocalization. 06 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8397 Physical Sciences  Nanotechnology  Physical chemistry  Ultrathin inorganic molecular nanowire based on polyoxometalates OPEN Zhenxin Zhang, Toru Murayama, Masahiro Sadakane, Hiroko Ariga, Nobuhiro Yasuda, Norihito Sakaguchi, Kiyotaka Asakura and Wataru Ueda Molecular nanowires, one-dimensional materials grown by repeating a molecular unit along a single axis, are fundamentally and technologically interesting materials. Here, the authors report a rare inorganic molecular nanowire comprised of polyoxometalates, and study its catalytic and electronic properties. 03 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8731 Chemical Sciences  Inorganic chemistry  Materials science  Intra-unit-cell magnetic correlations near optimal doping in YBa2Cu3O6.85 OPEN L. Mangin-Thro, Y. Sidis, A. Wildes and P. Bourges The pseudo-gap phenomenon is central to the description of high-T c superconductivity in copper oxides. Here, the authors investigate nearly optimally doped YBCO using polarized neutron scattering to characterize intra-unit-cell magnetic correlations in relation with the pseudo-gap temperature. 03 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8705 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Genome-wide microRNA screening reveals that the evolutionary conserved miR-9a regulates body growth by targeting sNPFR1/NPYR OPEN Yoon Seok Suh, Shreelatha Bhat, Seung-Hyun Hong, Minjung Shin, Suhyoung Bahk, Kyung Sang Cho, Seung-Whan Kim, Kyu-Sun Lee, Young-Joon Kim, Walton D. Jones and Kweon Yu Insulin signaling governs many physiological processes but the molecular and neural mechanisms of its regulation are largely unknown. Here the authors describe a novel molecular pathway controlling sNPF regulation of insulin signalling in the fruit fly, which is mediated by the evolutionary conserved miR-9a. 03 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8693 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Developmental biology  Low-temperature thermodynamics with quantum coherence OPEN Varun Narasimhachar and Gilad Gour Thermal operations, a model of thermodynamic processes for small quantum systems out of equilibrium, are well-understood in absence of coherence. Here the authors introduce cooling processes, a generalization of thermal operations and find necessary and sufficient conditions for coherent state transitions via cooling processes. 03 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8689 Physical Sciences  Theoretical physics  Towards experimental quantum-field tomography with ultracold atoms OPEN A. Steffens, M. Friesdorf, T. Langen, B. Rauer, T. Schweigler, R. Hübener, J. Schmiedmayer, C.A. Riofrío and J. Eisert Full tomography of the quantum state of a many-body system becomes harder as more and more atoms are included. Here the authors borrow a concept from condensed-matter physics, continuous matrix-product states, and present an efficient approach for experimental quantum-field tomography. 03 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8663 Physical Sciences  Theoretical physics  NF-κB-induced microRNA-31 promotes epidermal hyperplasia by repressing protein phosphatase 6 in psoriasis OPEN Sha Yan, Zhenyao Xu, Fangzhou Lou, Lingyun Zhang, Fang Ke, Jing Bai, Zhaoyuan Liu, Jinlin Liu, Hong Wang, Huiyuan Zhu, Yang Sun, Wei Cai, Yuanyuan Gao, Bing Su, Qun Li, Xiao Yang, Jianxiu Yu, Yuping Lai, Xue-Zhong Yu, Yan Zheng et al. Psoriasis is accompanied by NF-κB activation and hyperplasia. Here the authors show that NF-κB transcriptionally activates miR-31, which downregulates a negative cell cycle regulator protein phosphatase 6, and that this is critical for NF-κB to drive keratinocyte hyperproliferation. 03 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8652 Biological Sciences  Immunology  Navigable networks as Nash equilibria of navigation games OPEN András Gulyás, József J. Bíró, Attila Kőrösi, Gábor Rétvári and Dmitri Krioukov Connections in networks are organized to fulfil a function, and a common one is targeted transport or navigation. Here the authors use game theory to show how networks designed to maximize navigation efficiency at minimal cost share basic structural properties, which are also found in real cases. 03 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8651 Physical Sciences  Theoretical physics  Structural basis for catalytically restrictive dynamics of a high-energy enzyme state OPEN Michael Kovermann, Jörgen Ådén, Christin Grundström, A. Elisabeth Sauer-Eriksson, Uwe H. Sauer and Magnus Wolf-Watz Adenylate kinase (AdK) plays a key role in cellular energy homeostasis by catalysing the reversible magnesium-dependent formation of ADP from AMP and ATP. Here the authors present a detailed analysis of adenylate kinase’s conformational dynamics and characterize a high-energy state of AdK indispensable for catalysis. 03 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8644 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Biophysics  Vertical twinning of the Dirac cone at the interface between topological insulators and semiconductors L. Seixas, D. West, A. Fazzio and S. B. Zhang The discovery of topological insulators has presented the prospect of the technological application of their spin-momentum locked surface states. Here, the authors demonstrate theoretically how band hybridization can transfer such spin texture to an interfaced topologically trivial semiconductor. 03 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8630 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Theoretical physics  Extensive volatile loss during formation and differentiation of the Moon OPEN Chizu Kato, Frederic Moynier, Maria C. Valdes, Jasmeet K. Dhaliwal and James M.D. Day Recent studies suggest that the Moon is not as volatile-poor as once thought, and that volatile elements should be concentrated in crustal materials. Here, the authors present Zn isotopic and abundance data as evidence of evaporative loss of volatiles during formation of the Moon, supporting alternative models. 03 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8617 Earth Sciences  Geology and geophysics  Planetary sciences  Asymmetric synthesis of N-allylic indoles via regio- and enantioselective allylation of aryl hydrazines OPEN Kun Xu, Thomas Gilles and Bernhard Breit N-allylic indoles are important in medicinal and synthetic chemistry, but selective N-allylation of indoles can be difficult to achieve. Here, the authors report a catalytic asymmetric synthesis of these compounds through an enantioselective addition of aryl hydrazines to allenes, followed by indole formation. 03 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8616 Chemical Sciences  Catalysis  Medicinal chemistry  Organic chemistry  Retrieving spin textures on curved magnetic thin films with full-field soft X-ray microscopies OPEN Robert Streubel, Florian Kronast, Peter Fischer, Dula Parkinson, Oliver G. Schmidt and Denys Makarov The determination of the three-dimensional magnetic domain structures of nanostructures is an ongoing challenge. Here, Streubel et al. use two-dimensional X-ray microscopy to reconstruct three-dimensional domain structures in ferromagnetic thin-film cylinders. 03 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8612 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Condensed matter  Local destruction of superconductivity by non-magnetic impurities in mesoscopic iron-based superconductors OPEN Jun Li, Min Ji, Tobias Schwarz, Xiaoxing Ke, Gustaaf Van Tendeloo, Jie Yuan, Paulo J. Pereira, Ya Huang, Gufei Zhang, Hai-Luke Feng, Ya-Hua Yuan, Takeshi Hatano, Reinhold Kleiner, Dieter Koelle, Liviu F. Chibotaru, Kazunari Yamaura, Hua-Bing Wang, Pei-Heng Wu, Eiji Takayama-Muromachi, Johan Vanacken et al. The pairing symmetry of the wavefunction in high-T c iron-based superconductors remains not completely understood. To shed light on this problem, here the authors investigate the local destruction of superconductivity by introducing Zn impurities in the BKZn iron arsenide compound. 03 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8614 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Social shaping of voices does not impair phenotype matching of kinship in mandrills F. Levréro, G. Carrete-Vega, A. Herbert, I. Lawabi, A. Courtiol, E. Willaume, P. M. Kappeler and M.J.E. Charpentier How animals distinguish family members from unrelated conspecifics is not fully understood. Here Levréro et al. show that although the structure of mandrill vocalisations can be modulated by their social environment, it still contains information that may be used to recognise unfamiliar relatives. 03 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8609 Biological Sciences  Evolution  Zoology  Charge-order domain walls with enhanced conductivity in a layered manganite OPEN Eric Yue Ma, Benjamin Bryant, Yusuke Tokunaga, Gabriel Aeppli, Yoshinori Tokura and Zhi-Xun Shen Interfaces can give rise to novel states of matter not found in bulk materials. Here, the authors use microwave impedance microscopy to show that the conductivity at charge-order domain walls in a layered manganite is higher than in the rest of the material, due to local lifting of the charge order. 03 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8595 Physical Sciences  Materials science  Obesity-induced DNA hypermethylation of the adiponectin gene mediates insulin resistance OPEN A. Young Kim, Yoon Jeong Park, Xuebo Pan, Kyung Cheul Shin, Soo-Heon Kwak, Abdulelah F. Bassas, Reem M. Sallam, Kyong Soo Park, Assim A. Alfadda, Aimin Xu and Jae Bum Kim The hormone adiponectin is produced by fat cells and has positive metabolic effects. Here, Kim et al. show that DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) represses adiponectin expression through hypermethylation of its promoter, and that inflammatory cytokines enhance DNMT1 activity in obese mice and humans. 03 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8585 Biological Sciences  Medical research  Cerebral complexity preceded enlarged brain size and reduced olfactory bulbs in Old World monkeys OPEN Lauren A. Gonzales, Brenda R. Benefit, Monte L. McCrossin and Fred Spoor The evolution of the brain in Old World monkeys (cercopithecoids) is poorly understood. Here the authors describe a complete endocast of Victoriapithecus, a 15 Myr old cercopithecoid, which shows that the brain size was much smaller and the olfactory bulbs much larger than in any extant catarrhine primate. 03 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8580 Biological Sciences  Evolution  Palaeontology  Human Upf1 is a highly processive RNA helicase and translocase with RNP remodelling activities OPEN Francesca Fiorini, Debjani Bagchi, Hervé Le Hir and Vincent Croquette Upf1 is a multifunctional helicase involved in various DNA- and RNA-related processes, including nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). Here the authors demonstrate that Upf1 is a highly processive ribonucleoprotein complex remodeler—a capability likely important for Upf1’s NMD function. 03 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8581 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Biophysics  Molecular biology  Hot electron-induced reduction of small molecules on photorecycling metal surfaces OPEN Wei Xie and Sebastian Schlücker Hot electrons are generated when energy is transferred from an incoming photon, enabling an electron from a metal surface to become mobile. Here, the authors irradiate plasmonically active silver core-satellite superstructures and use the hot electrons to effect chemical reactions via photorecycling. 03 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8570 Physical Sciences  Analytical chemistry  Catalysis  Materials science  Flexible indium–gallium–zinc–oxide Schottky diode operating beyond 2.45 GHz Jiawei Zhang, Yunpeng Li, Binglei Zhang, Hanbin Wang, Qian Xin and Aimin Song Flexible mobile phones require bendable electronic components that operate at high frequency. Here, the authors demonstrate such a diode made of an amorphous material on a plastic substrate that operates in the frequency bands applicable to cellular communication, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi and GPS. 03 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8561 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Integrated genetic and epigenetic analysis defines novel molecular subgroups in rhabdomyosarcoma OPEN Masafumi Seki, Riki Nishimura, Kenichi Yoshida, Teppei Shimamura, Yuichi Shiraishi, Yusuke Sato, Motohiro Kato, Kenichi Chiba, Hiroko Tanaka, Noriko Hoshino, Genta Nagae, Yusuke Shiozawa, Yusuke Okuno, Hajime Hosoi, Yukichi Tanaka, Hajime Okita, Mitsuru Miyachi, Ryota Souzaki, Tomoaki Taguchi, Katsuyoshi Koh et al. Rhabdomyosarcoma is a common childhood soft-tissue cancer. Here Seki and Nishimura analyse the exome, transcriptome, copy number and DNA methylome of 60 sarcomas and identify distinct methylation subgroups associated with genetic and clinical features. 03 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8557 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Genetics  Cell-selective labelling of proteomes in Drosophila melanogaster OPEN Ines Erdmann, Kathrin Marter, Oliver Kobler, Sven Niehues, Julia Abele, Anke Müller, Julia Bussmann, Erik Storkebaum, Tamar Ziv, Ulrich Thomas and Daniela C. Dieterich Mutated tRNA synthetases can incorporate non-canonical amino acids into proteins. Erdmann et al. exploit this property to metabolically label newly synthesized proteins in selected cell types in Drosophila, and demonstrate their detection using proteomics (BONCAT) and fluorescence imaging (FUNCAT). 03 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8521 Biological Sciences  Molecular biology  Neuroscience  Systems biology  Impaired protein translation in Drosophila models for Charcot–Marie–Tooth neuropathy caused by mutant tRNA synthetases OPEN Sven Niehues, Julia Bussmann, Georg Steffes, Ines Erdmann, Caroline Köhrer, Litao Sun, Marina Wagner, Kerstin Schäfer, Guangxia Wang, Sophia N. Koerdt, Morgane Stum, Uttam L. RajBhandary, Ulrich Thomas, Hermann Aberle, Robert W. Burgess, Xiang-Lei Yang, Daniela Dieterich and Erik Storkebaum Charcot–Marie–Tooth (CMT) neuropathy is associated with dominant mutations in five tRNA synthetase genes. Niehues et al. use BONCAT and FUNCAT to monitor proteome dynamics in a Drosophila CMT model, and reveal that these mutations result in translational slowdown. 03 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8520 Biological Sciences  Molecular biology  Neuroscience  Systems biology  Edge-terminated molybdenum disulfide with a 9.4-Å interlayer spacing for electrochemical hydrogen production OPEN Min-Rui Gao, Maria K.Y. Chan and Yugang Sun Layered molybdenum disulfide is a promising hydrogen evolution catalyst. Here, the authors report a strategy for synthesizing molybdenum disulfide nanosheets with edge-terminated structure and a significantly expanded interlayer spacing and demonstrate their enhanced catalytic activity. 03 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8493 Chemical Sciences  Inorganic chemistry  Increased reservoir ages and poorly ventilated deep waters inferred in the glacial Eastern Equatorial Pacific OPEN Maria de la Fuente, Luke Skinner, Eva Calvo, Carles Pelejero and Isabel Cacho Accurate deep Pacific Ocean ventilation ages are hindered by poor surface reservoir age reconstructions. Here, the authors generate new ventilation ages for the deep waters of the Eastern Equatorial Pacific, which indicate reduced air-sea gas exchange during the last glacial. 03 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8420 Earth Sciences  Climate science  Oceanography  Identification of Alp1U and Lom6 as epoxy hydrolases and implications for kinamycin and lomaiviticin biosynthesis OPEN Bin Wang, Fang Guo, Jinwei Ren, Guomin Ai, Bertrand Aigle, Keqiang Fan and Keqian Yang Kinamycins, fluostatins and lomaiviticins are naturally occurring antibiotics that possess unique diazofluorene structures and exhibit potent anti-tumour activity. Here the authors identify the epoxy hydrolases in the biosynthetic pathways of kinamycins and lomaiviticins, suggesting the existence of epoxy-intermediates in their biosynthesis. 02 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8674 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Chemical biology  Microbiology  Protein conformational plasticity and complex ligand-binding kinetics explored by atomistic simulations and Markov models OPEN Nuria Plattner and Frank Noé Conformational plasticity influences several aspects of protein function. Here the authors combine extensive MD simulations with Markov state models—using trypsin as model—to reveal new mechanistic details of how conformational plasticity influence ligand-receptors interactions. 02 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8653 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Molecular biology  Physical chemistry  Crystallographic structure of a small molecule SIRT1 activator-enzyme complex OPEN Han Dai, April W. Case, Thomas V. Riera, Thomas Considine, Jessica E. Lee, Yoshitomo Hamuro, Huizhen Zhao, Yong Jiang, Sharon M. Sweitzer, Beth Pietrak, Benjamin Schwartz, Charles A. Blum, Jeremy S. Disch, Richard Caldwell, Bruce Szczepankiewicz, Christopher Oalmann, Pui Yee Ng, Brian H. White, Rebecca Casaubon, Radha Narayan et al. Sirtuins are NAD+-dependent deacylases implicated in the regulation of stress responses, bioenergetics and epigenetic control. Here the authors describe the crystal structure of a sirtuin-activating compounds (STAC)-sirtuin complex and begin to elucidate the mechanism of sirtuins activation by STACs. 02 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8645 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Biophysics  Medicinal chemistry  Mechanistic insights into metal ion activation and operator recognition by the ferric uptake regulator OPEN Zengqin Deng, Qing Wang, Zhao Liu, Manfeng Zhang, Ana Carolina Dantas Machado, Tsu-Pei Chiu, Chong Feng, Qi Zhang, Lin Yu, Lei Qi, Jiangge Zheng, Xu Wang, XinMei Huo, Xiaoxuan Qi, Xiaorong Li, Wei Wu, Remo Rohs, Ying Li and Zhongzhou Chen The regulation of iron levels is an important physiological process as excess cellular iron is highly toxic. Here the authors present several structures of a bacterial ferric uptake regulator (Fur) in complex with the Fe2+ transport protein operator and Fur box, shedding light on how iron promotes DNA recognition by Fur. 02 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8642 Biological Sciences  Biophysics  Microbiology  Molecular biology  A new class of chiral materials hosting magnetic skyrmions beyond room temperature OPEN Y. Tokunaga, X. Z. Yu, J. S. White, H. M. Rønnow, D. Morikawa, Y. Taguchi and Y. Tokura Magnetic skyrmions are circulating topologically-protected spin textures which can arise in chiral magnets and potentially be applied in information processing. Here, the authors demonstrate the appearance of skyrmions at and above room temperature in a β-Mn-type Co-Zn-Mn alloy. 02 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8638 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Condensed matter  Nanotechnology  Dichroic spin–valley photocurrent in monolayer molybdenum disulphide OPEN Mustafa Eginligil, Bingchen Cao, Zilong Wang, Xiaonan Shen, Chunxiao Cong, Jingzhi Shang, Cesare Soci and Ting Yu Valleytronic materials allow for band structure minima to be exploited in electronic transport devices in addition to charge and spin. Here, the authors demonstrate selective control of spin–valley-coupled photocurrents via circularly polarized light in molybdenum disulphide grown by chemical vapour deposition. 02 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8636 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Condensed matter  Farnesoid X receptor inhibits glucagon-like peptide-1 production by enteroendocrine L cells Mohamed-Sami Trabelsi, Mehdi Daoudi, Janne Prawitt, Sarah Ducastel, Véronique Touche, Sama I. Sayin, Alessia Perino, Cheryl A. Brighton, Yasmine Sebti, Jérôme Kluza, Olivier Briand, Hélène Dehondt, Emmanuelle Vallez, Emilie Dorchies, Grégory Baud, Valeria Spinelli, Nathalie Hennuyer, Sandrine Caron, Kadiombo Bantubungi, Robert Caiazzo et al. Bile acids exert metabolic effects by modulating FXR receptor activity. Here, Trabelsi et al. show that FXR negatively regulates production of the incretin GLP-1 in enteroendocrine L-cells by reducing glycolysis and that inhibition of FXR improves glucose metabolism by increasing GLP-1 in obese mice. 02 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8629 Biological Sciences  Medical research  A low pre-infall mass for the Carina dwarf galaxy from disequilibrium modelling OPEN Uğur Ural, Mark I. Wilkinson, Justin I. Read and Matthew G. Walker The cold dark matter paradigm predicts that Milky Way-like galaxies should have dwarf galaxies with dark matter halos as satellites. Ural et al. present a new model, independent of cosmological simulations, that constrains the pre-infall mass of the Milky Way satellite Carina to a value lower than expected. 02 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8599 Physical Sciences  Astronomy  Theoretical physics  Palladium–platinum core-shell icosahedra with substantially enhanced activity and durability towards oxygen reduction OPEN Xue Wang, Sang-Il Choi, Luke T. Roling, Ming Luo, Cheng Ma, Lei Zhang, Miaofang Chi, Jingyue Liu, Zhaoxiong Xie, Jeffrey A. Herron, Manos Mavrikakis and Younan Xia Core-shell catalysts can enhance activity while reducing the loading of expensive catalyst materials. Here, the authors report a palladium@platinum system in which the platinum shells evolve into a corrugated structure with compressive strains, with subsequent enhancement of oxygen reduction activity. 02 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8594 Chemical Sciences  Catalysis  Materials science  Nanotechnology  Determining the location and nearest neighbours of aluminium in zeolites with atom probe tomography OPEN Daniel E. Perea, Ilke Arslan, Jia Liu, Zoran Ristanović, Libor Kovarik, Bruce W. Arey, Johannes A. Lercher, Simon R. Bare and Bert M. Weckhuysen Substitution of framework silicon for aluminium in zeolites affects Brønsted acidity and subsequently catalytic activity. Here, the authors use atom probe tomography to obtain quantitative insights into the spatial distribution of individual aluminium atoms, including their distribution and segregation. 02 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8589 Chemical Sciences  Catalysis  Materials science  Physical chemistry  Cryo-EM reveals the conformation of a substrate analogue in the human 20S proteasome core OPEN Paula C.A. da Fonseca and Edward P. Morris The proteasome is a highly regulated complex fundamental for cell homeostasis and a target for cancer therapy. Here the authors use cryo-EM and single-particle analysis to obtain a detailed map of the interactions between each active sites of the core 20S proteasome and the irreversible inhibitor AdaAhx3L3VS. 02 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8573 Biological Sciences  Biophysics  Evidence for holistic episodic recollection via hippocampal pattern completion OPEN Aidan J. Horner, James A. Bisby, Daniel Bush, Wen-Jing Lin and Neil Burgess The holistic retrieval of complex event memories is thought to be the hallmark of episodic memory. Here, the authors provide behavioural and neuroimaging evidence that the hippocampus binds together the elements forming an event to allow holistic episodic recollection via pattern completion of all elements. 02 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8462 Biological Sciences  Neuroscience  Rethinking fast and slow based on a critique of reaction-time reverse inference OPEN Ian Krajbich, Björn Bartling, Todd Hare and Ernst Fehr In cognitive neuroscience, it is common practice to use reaction time data to infer whether decisions are intuitive or deliberate. Here the authors demonstrate that they can replicate, eliminate and reverse previously reported correlations between selfishness and reaction time. 02 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8455 Biological Sciences  Neuroscience  Epstein–Barr virus-encoded microRNA BART1 induces tumour metastasis by regulating PTEN-dependent pathways in nasopharyngeal carcinoma OPEN Longmei Cai, Yanfen Ye, Qiang Jiang, Yuxiang Chen, Xiaoming Lyu, Jinbang Li, Shuang Wang, Tengfei Liu, Hongbing Cai, Kaitai Yao, Ji-Liang Li and Xin Li Epstein–Barr virus is associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma and previous studies have focused on the role of viral proteins in tumour pathology. Here, the authors show that a viral miRNA targets the host protein PTEN and has a critical role in the late stage of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by driving tumour metastasis. 02 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8353 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Medical research  Mechanically selflocked chiral gemini-catenanes OPEN Sheng-Hua Li, Heng-Yi Zhang, Xiufang Xu and Yu Liu Mechanically locked molecules provide interesting topological structures and can present challenging synthetic targets. Here the authors report the synthesis of mechanically self-locked molecules, including chiral endo-spirobicyclics containing multiply interlocked rings within a single molecule. 01 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8590 Chemical Sciences  Organic chemistry  Self-assembled 2D WSe2 thin films for photoelectrochemical hydrogen production OPEN Xiaoyun Yu, Mathieu S. Prévot, Néstor Guijarro and Kevin Sivula Practical application of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides is limited by the lack of scalable fabrication methods. Here, the authors present a technique to prepare controlled thin-films of 2D WSe2 from dispersions of solvent-exfoliated flakes and demonstrate their use for solar water reduction. 01 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8596 Physical Sciences  Materials science  Nanotechnology  The free energy of mechanically unstable phases OPEN A. van de Walle, Q. Hong, S. Kadkhodaei and R. Sun Phase diagrams are useful to describe the different states of matter, although for mechanically instable system the derivation of a free energy and thus of phase diagrams has been a challenge. Here, the authors propose a computational method to define the free energy of mechanically unstable phases. 01 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8559 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Materials science  Theoretical physics  Influencing the properties of dysprosium single-molecule magnets with phosphorus donor ligands OPEN Thomas Pugh, Floriana Tuna, Liviu Ungur, David Collison, Eric J.L. McInnes, Liviu F. Chibotaru and Richard A. Layfield Ligand design contributes to dictating the magnetic properties of lanthanide-based single-molecule magnets. Here, the authors report a series of phosphorus-ligated dysprosium complexes, and show that the dynamic magnetic properties change as the ligand is varied from phosphine to phosphide to phosphinidene. 01 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8492 Chemical Sciences  Inorganic chemistry  SCARECROW-LIKE15 interacts with HISTONE DEACETYLASE19 and is essential for repressing the seed maturation programme OPEN Ming-Jun Gao, Xiang Li, Jun Huang, Gordon M. Gropp, Branimir Gjetvaj, Donna L. Lindsay, Shu Wei, Cathy Coutu, Zhixiang Chen, Xiao-Chun Wan, Abdelali Hannoufa, Derek J. Lydiate, Margaret Y. Gruber, Z. Jeffrey Chen and Dwayne D. Hegedus Epigenetic regulation is critical for controlling gene expression during the transition from embryo to seedling in plants. Here Gao et al. report that in Arabidopsis, the SCARECROW-LIKE15 protein physically interacts with a histone deacetylase to repress expression of embryonic traits in seedlings. 01 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8243 Biological Sciences  Plant sciences  Action plan co-optimization reveals the parallel encoding of competing reach movements OPEN Jason P. Gallivan, Kathryn S. Barton, Craig S. Chapman, Daniel M. Wolpert and J. Randall Flanagan Several prominent cognitive theories propose that in situations affording more than one action strategy, the brain prepares multiple competing movements prior to selecting one. Here the authors provide direct experimental evidence for this provocative but largely untested notion. 01 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8428 Biological Sciences  Neuroscience  Electric-field-induced strong enhancement of electroluminescence in multilayer molybdenum disulfide OPEN Dehui Li, Rui Cheng, Hailong Zhou, Chen Wang, Anxiang Yin, Yu Chen, Nathan O. Weiss, Yu Huang and Xiangfeng Duan The layer-number-dependent optical and electronic properties of transition metal dichalcogenides are promising in optoelectronics. Here, Li et al. demonstrate greatly enhanced electroluminescence emission in multi-layer MoS2 attributed to the electric-field-induced carrier redistribution. 01 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8509 Physical Sciences  Materials science  Nanotechnology  Optical physics  Cooper pair splitting in parallel quantum dot Josephson junctions OPEN R. S. Deacon, A. Oiwa, J. Sailer, S. Baba, Y. Kanai, K. Shibata, K. Hirakawa and S. Tarucha Spin-entangled electron pairs are one possible resource for future solid-state quantum information processing systems. Here, the authors directly prove spin entanglement between two electrons that had previously been a Cooper pair in a superconducting lead but were split using two quantum dots. 01 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8446 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Nanotechnology  A Rac/Cdc42 exchange factor complex promotes formation of lateral filopodia and blood vessel lumen morphogenesis OPEN Sabu Abraham, Margherita Scarcia, Richard D. Bagshaw, Kathryn McMahon, Gary Grant, Tracey Harvey, Maggie Yeo, Filomena O.G. Esteves, Helene H. Thygesen, Pamela F. Jones, Valerie Speirs, Andrew M. Hanby, Peter J. Selby, Mihaela Lorger, T. Neil Dear, Tony Pawson, Christopher J. Marshall and Georgia Mavria Blood vessel development depends upon endothelial cell migration and adhesion, which are regulated by Rho-GTPases. Here the authors identify Rho-GTPase guanine nucleotide exchange factors that specifically control lateral filopodial contacts and are required for lumen formation during angiogenesis. 01 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8286 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Developmental biology  Bivalent separation into univalents precedes age-related meiosis I errors in oocytes OPEN Yogo Sakakibara, Shu Hashimoto, Yoshiharu Nakaoka, Anna Kouznetsova, Christer Höög and Tomoya S. Kitajima As oocytes age the frequency of chromosome segregation errors during meiosis I increases. Here the authors use live imaging of oocytes from naturally aged mice to provide direct evidence that bivalent separation into univalents is the primary defect responsible for age-related aneuploidy. 01 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8550 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Phased-array sources based on nonlinear metamaterial nanocavities OPEN Omri Wolf, Salvatore Campione, Alexander Benz, Arvind P. Ravikumar, Sheng Liu, Ting S. Luk, Emil A. Kadlec, Eric A. Shaner, John F. Klem, Michael B. Sinclair and Igal Brener Controlling light at scales smaller than its wavelength is attractive to manipulate light using small device footprints. Here, the authors propose a scheme to modify light on such small scales using a combination of metamaterial nanocavities coupled to nonlinear semiconductor heterostructures. 01 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8667 Physical Sciences  Nanotechnology  Optical physics  Mixing of immiscible polymers using nanoporous coordination templates OPEN Takashi Uemura, Tetsuya Kaseda, Yotaro Sasaki, Munehiro Inukai, Takaaki Toriyama, Atsushi Takahara, Hiroshi Jinnai and Susumu Kitagawa The intimate mixing of immiscible polymers is desirable both to aid understanding of the fundamental science and for the development of new materials. Here, the authors successfully compatibilize polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate) using a porous coordination polymer as a removable template. 01 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8473 Chemical Sciences  Inorganic chemistry  Materials science  Physical chemistry    Nature communications JOBS of the week Senior Scientist University of Cambridge Assistant or Associate Professor (3 posts available) The University of Warwick PhD Student (F / M) Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne Postdoctoral Fellow University of California - San Francisco Postdoctoral Researcher NUI Galway Junior Research Chairs at Postdoctoral Level International Centre for Fundamental Physics - Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS-ICFP) Post-doctoral Researcher The Research Institute at Nationwide Children Hospital Research Assistant University of Bristol Postdoctoral / senios scientist position Medical University of Vienna Lectureship in Psychology x 3 (new posts) The University of York More Science jobs from Nature communications EVENT 3rd Annual Congress of the European Society for Translational Medicine (EUSTM-2015) 01.09.15 Vienna, Austria More science events from       Latest Corrigenda     Corrigendum: DNA methylation signatures link prenatal famine exposure to growth and metabolism Elmar W. Tobi, Jelle J. Goeman, Ramin Monajemi, Hongcang Gu, Hein Putter, Yanju Zhang, Roderick C. Slieker, Arthur P. Stok, Peter E. Thijssen, Fabian Müller, Erik W. van Zwet, Christoph Bock, Alexander Meissner, L. H. Lumey, P. Eline Slagboom and Bastiaan T. Heijmans 07 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8740 Biological Sciences  Developmental biology  Genetics      Corrigendum: Dense genotyping of immune-related susceptibility loci reveals new insights into the genetics of psoriatic arthritis John Bowes, Ashley Budu-Aggrey, Ulrike Huffmeier, Steffen Uebe, Kathryn Steel, Harry L. Hebert, Chris Wallace, Jonathon Massey, Ian N. Bruce, James Bluett, Marie Feletar, Ann W. Morgan, Helena Marzo-Ortega, Gary Donohoe, Derek W. Morris, Philip Helliwell, Anthony W. Ryan, David Kane, Richard B. Warren, Eleanor Korendowych et al. 06 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8741 Biological Sciences  Genetics  Immunology      Corrigendum: Increased CRF signalling in a ventral tegmental area-interpeduncular nucleus-medial habenula circuit induces anxiety during nicotine withdrawal Rubing Zhao-Shea, Steven R. DeGroot, Liwang Liu, Markus Vallaster, Xueyan Pang, Qin Su, Guangping Gao, Oliver J. Rando, Gilles E. Martin, Olivier George, Paul D. Gardner and Andrew R. Tapper 02 July 2015 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms8625 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Neuroscience      Corrigendum: Massive gene amplification drives paediatric hepatocellular carcinoma caused by bile salt export pump deficiency Fabio Iannelli, Agnese Collino, Shruti Sinha, Enrico Radaelli, Paola Nicoli, Lorenzo D’Antiga, Aurelio Sonzogni, Jamila Faivre, Marie Annick Buendia, Ekkehard Sturm, Richard J. Thompson, A. S. Knisely, Gioacchino Natoli, Serena Ghisletti and Francesca D. 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