Scientific Reports Biology Table of Contents e-alert: 16 June 2015

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16 June 2015      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports         Presented by Nature Medicine and the Volkswagen Foundation AGING: CELLULAR MECHANISMS AND THERAPEUTIC OPPORTUNITIES, A HERRENHAUSEN SYMPOSIUM   September 29-30, 2015 | Hanover, Germany REGISTER NOW!            Biological Sciences               Snoozing through the storm: torpor use during a natural disaster ▶     Julia Nowack, A. Daniella Rojas, Gerhard Körtner et al.     Although storms provide an extreme environmental challenge to organisms and are predicted to increase in frequency and intensity due to climate change, there are no quantitative …             Alteration of mRNA and microRNA expression profiles in rat muscular type vasculature in early postnatal development ▶     Dina Gaynullina, Harsh Dweep, Torsten Gloe et al.     The vascular system is characterized by a high degree of plasticity. In particular, functional and structural remodeling of the arterial system takes place during early postnatal …             Cultural background shapes spatial reference frame proclivity ▶     Caspar Goeke, Suchada Kornpetpanee, Moritz Köster et al.     Spatial navigation is an essential human skill that is influenced by several factors. The present study investigates how gender, age, and cultural background account for …             Processes driving nocturnal transpiration and implications for estimating land evapotranspiration ▶     Víctor Resco de Dios, Jacques Roy, Juan Pedro Ferrio et al.     Evapotranspiration is a major component of the water cycle, yet only daytime transpiration is currently considered in Earth system and agricultural sciences. This contrasts with …             Pedican: an online gene resource for pediatric cancers with literature evidence ▶     Min Zhao, Lei Ma, Yining Liu et al.     Pediatric cancer (PC), that is cancer occurring in children, is the leading cause of death among children worldwide, with an incidence of 175,000 per year. Elucidating the …             Three-dimensional Nanowire Structures for Ultra-Fast Separation of DNA, Protein and RNA Molecules ▶     Sakon Rahong, Takao Yasui, Takeshi Yanagida et al.     Separation and analysis of biomolecules represent crucial processes for biological and biomedical engineering development; however, separation resolution and speed for …             Entrainment of the mouse circadian clock by sub-acute physical and psychological stress ▶     Yu Tahara, Takuya Shiraishi, Yosuke Kikuchi et al.     The effects of acute stress on the peripheral circadian system are not well understood in vivo. Here, we show that sub-acute stress caused by restraint or social defeat potently …             CancerHSP: anticancer herbs database of systems pharmacology ▶     Weiyang Tao, Bohui Li, Shuo Gao et al.     The numerous natural products and their bioactivity potentially afford an extraordinary resource for new drug discovery and have been employed in cancer treatment. However, the …             Association between Int7G24A rs334354 polymorphism and cancer risk: a meta-analysis of case-control studies ▶     Weixiang Wu, Yeqing Tong, Xiaoyun Wei et al.     Accumulating evidences have suggested the potential association between Int7G24A (rs334354) polymorphism and cancer risk. However, results from epidemiological studies are …             Self-association of Trimethylguanosine Synthase Tgs1 is required for efficient snRNA/snoRNA trimethylation and pre-rRNA processing ▶     Kum-Loong Boon, Michael David Pearson, Martin Koš     Trimethylguanosine Synthase catalyses transfer of two methyl groups to the m7G cap of RNA polymerase II transcribed snRNAs, snoRNAs, and telomerase RNA TLC1 to form a …             Disturbance of cardiac gene expression and cardiomyocyte structure predisposes Mecp2-null mice to arrhythmias ▶     Munetsugu Hara, Tomoyuki Takahashi, Chiaki Mitsumasu et al.     Methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2) is an epigenetic regulator of gene expression that is essential for normal brain development. Mutations in MeCP2 lead to disrupted neuronal …             Rapid, automated, parallel quantitative immunoassays using highly integrated microfluidics and AlphaLISA ▶     Zeta Tak For Yu, Huijiao Guan, Mei Ki Cheung et al.     Immunoassays represent one of the most popular analytical methods for detection and quantification of biomolecules. However, conventional immunoassays such as ELISA and flow …             Elevation of NO production increases Fe immobilization in the Fe-deficiency roots apoplast by decreasing pectin methylation of cell wall ▶     Yi Quan Ye, Chong Wei Jin, Shi Kai Fan et al.     Cell wall is the major component of root apoplast which is the main reservoir for iron in roots, while nitric oxide (NO) is involved in regulating the synthesis of cell wall. …             Physiological and biochemical mechanisms associated with trehalose-induced copper-stress tolerance in rice ▶     Mohammad Golam Mostofa, Mohammad Anwar Hossain, Masayuki Fujita et al.     In this study, we examined the possible mechanisms of trehalose (Tre) in improving copper-stress (Cu-stress) tolerance in rice seedlings. Our findings indicated that pretreatment …             Electron Tomography Analysis of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Infection in Human Neurons ▶     Tomáš Bílý, Martin Palus, Luděk Eyer et al.     Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) causes serious, potentially fatal neurological infections that affect humans in endemic regions of Europe and Asia. Neurons are the primary …             Differential signaling mechanism for HIV-1 Nef-mediated production of IL-6 and IL-8 in human astrocytes ▶     Xun Liu, Anil Kumar     Variety of HIV-1 viral proteins including HIV-1 Nef are known to activate astrocytes and microglia in the brain and cause the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which is …             Rice ragged stunt virus-induced apoptosis affects virus transmission from its insect vector, the brown planthopper to the rice plant ▶     Hai-Jian Huang, Yan-Yuan Bao, Shu-Hua Lao et al.     Most plant viruses that seriously damage agricultural crops are transmitted by insects. However, the mechanisms enabling virus transmission by insect vectors are poorly …             Insights into the Transcriptional Architecture of Behavioral Plasticity in the Honey Bee Apis mellifera ▶     Abdullah M. Khamis, Adam R. Hamilton, Yulia A. Medvedeva et al.     Honey bee colonies exhibit an age-related division of labor, with worker bees performing discrete sets of behaviors throughout their lifespan. These behavioral states are …             Prmt5 is required for germ cell survival during spermatogenesis in mice ▶     Yanbo Wang, Tianxiang Zhu, Qiuling Li et al.     During germ cell development, epigenetic modifications undergo extensive remodeling. Abnormal epigenetic modifications usually result in germ cell loss and reproductive defect. …             A novel male sterility-fertility restoration system in plants for hybrid seed production ▶     Surendra Pratap Singh, Sudhir P. Singh, Tripti Pandey et al.     Hybrid seeds are used for stimulated crop production, as they harness heterosis. The achievement of complete male-sterility in the female-parent and the restored-fertility in …             Super-resolution of fluorescence-free plasmonic nanoparticles using enhanced dark-field illumination based on wavelength-modulation ▶     Peng Zhang, Seungah Lee, Hyunung Yu et al.     Super-resolution imaging of fluorescence-free plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs) was achieved using enhanced dark-field (EDF) illumination based on wavelength-modulation. …             Aggravation of post-ischemic liver injury by overexpression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 ▶     Lu Zhou, Hyoung-Won Koh, Ui-Jin Bae et al.     Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is known to inhibit reperfusion-induced apoptosis. IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) is the major circulating carrier protein for IGF-1 and …             Physical Limits to Auditory Transduction of Hair-Cell Bundles probed by a Biomimetic System ▶     Taegeun Song, Woo Seok Lee, Kang-Hun Ahn     Inspired by auditory hair cells of lower vertebrates, we design and fabricate an opto-electro-mechanical sensor at the border of its spontaneous activity, called Hopf bifurcation …             Novel EPHB4 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Mutations and Kinomic Pathway Analysis in Lung Cancer ▶     Benjamin D. Ferguson, Yi-Hung Carol Tan, Rajani S. Kanteti et al.     Lung cancer outcomes remain poor despite the identification of several potential therapeutic targets. The EPHB4 receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) has recently emerged as an …             Morphine compromises bronchial epithelial TLR2/IL17R signaling crosstalk, necessary for lung IL17 homeostasis ▶     Santanu Banerjee, Jana Ninkovic, Jingjing Meng et al.     Opportunistic lung infection and inflammation is a hallmark of chronic recreational/clinical use of morphine. We show that early induction of IL17 from the bronchial epithelium, …             TRRUST: a reference database of human transcriptional regulatory interactions ▶     Heonjong Han, Hongseok Shim, Donghyun Shin et al.     The reconstruction of transcriptional regulatory networks (TRNs) is a long-standing challenge in human genetics. Numerous computational methods have been developed to infer …             Chitosan grafted methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) nanosuspension for ocular delivery of hydrophobic diclofenac ▶     Shuai Shi, Zhaoliang Zhang, Zichao Luo et al.     This study aimed to develop a cationic nanosuspension of chitosan (CS) and methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) (MPEG-PCL) for ocular delivery of diclofenac (DIC). …             Abscisic acid induces ectopic outgrowth in epidermal cells through cortical microtubule reorganization in Arabidopsis thaliana ▶     Shogo Takatani, Takashi Hirayama, Takashi Hashimoto et al.     Abscisic acid (ABA) regulates seed maturation, germination and various stress responses in plants. The roles of ABA in cellular growth and morphogenesis, however, remain to be …             Variation in the bovine FABP4 gene affects milk yield and milk protein content in dairy cows ▶     H. Zhou, L. Cheng, W. Azimu et al.     Fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) bind long-chain fatty acids and are involved in their intracellular transport. Of the known bovine FABP genes, FABP4 has been mapped to a …             High resolution imaging of intracellular oxygen concentration by phosphorescence lifetime ▶     Hiromi Kurokawa, Hidehiro Ito, Mai Inoue et al.     Optical methods using phosphorescence quenching by oxygen are suitable for sequential monitoring and non-invasive measurements for oxygen concentration (OC) imaging within cells. …             The significance of membrane fluidity of feeder cell-derived substrates for maintenance of iPS cell stemness ▶     Yue Zhou, Hongli Mao, Binata Joddar et al.     The biological activity of cell-derived substrates to maintain undifferentiated murine-induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells was correlated to membrane fluidity as a new parameter …             COX2 is involved in hypoxia-induced TNF-α expression in osteoblast ▶     Yonggang Xing, Renxian Wang, Dafu Chen et al.     Bone regeneration involves a series of events in a coordinated manner, including recruitment of mesenchymal stem cells, induction of immune response, inflammatory activity and …             Climate induces seasonality in pneumococcal transmission ▶     Elina Numminen, Claire Chewapreecha, Claudia Turner et al.     Streptococcus pneumoniae is a significant human pathogen and a leading cause of infant mortality in developing countries. Considerable global variation in the pneumococcal …             Researchers’ perspectives on scientific and ethical issues with transcranial direct current stimulation: An international survey ▶     Kate Riggall, Cynthia Forlini, Adrian Carter et al.     In the last decade, an increasing number of studies have suggested that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) may enhance brain function in healthy individuals, and …             Serum Exosome MicroRNA as a Minimally-Invasive Early Biomarker of AML ▶     Noah I. Hornick, Jianya Huan, Ben Doron et al.     Relapse remains the major cause of mortality for patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). Improved tracking of minimal residual disease (MRD) holds the promise of timely …             Vitamin D3 inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced placental inflammation through reinforcing interaction between vitamin D receptor and nuclear factor kappa B p65 subunit ▶     Yuan-Hua Chen, Zhen Yu, Lin Fu et al.     It is increasingly recognized that vitamin D3 (VitD3) has an anti-inflammatory activity. The present study investigated the effects of maternal VitD3 supplementation during …             Host-virus interaction: the antiviral defense function of small interfering RNAs can be enhanced by host microRNA-7 in vitro ▶     Xiaoying Zhang, Dongyun Liu, Sheng Zhang et al.     Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) directed against poliovirus (PV) and other viruses effectively inhibit viral replication and have been developed as antiviral agents. Here, we …             Emotional Eating Phenotype is Associated with Central Dopamine D2 Receptor Binding Independent of Body Mass Index ▶     Sarah A. Eisenstein, Allison N. Bischoff, Danuta M. Gredysa et al.     PET studies have provided mixed evidence regarding central D2/D3 dopamine receptor binding and its relationship with obesity as measured by body mass index (BMI). Other aspects …             VRK1 regulates Cajal body dynamics and protects coilin from proteasomal degradation in cell cycle ▶     Lara Cantarero, Marta Sanz-García, Hadar Vinograd-Byk et al.     Cajal bodies (CBs) are nuclear organelles associated with ribonucleoprotein functions and RNA maturation. CBs are assembled on coilin, its main scaffold protein, in a cell cycle …             Generation of a variety of stable Influenza A reporter viruses by genetic engineering of the NS gene segment ▶     Peter Reuther, Kristina Göpfert, Alexandra H. Dudek et al.     Influenza A viruses (IAV) pose a constant threat to the human population and therefore a better understanding of their fundamental biology and identification of novel …             Biochemical properties and yields of diverse bacterial laccase-like multicopper oxidases expressed in Escherichia coli ▶     Julian Ihssen, Renate Reiss, Ronny Luchsinger et al.     Laccases are multi-copper oxidases that oxidize a broad range of substrates at the expense of molecular oxygen, without any need for co-factor regeneration. These enzymes bear …             Early detection and late cognitive control of emotional distraction by the prefrontal cortex ▶     Javier García-Pacios, Pilar Garcés, David Del Río et al.     Unpleasant emotional distraction can impair the retention of non-emotional information in working memory (WM). Research links the prefrontal cortex with the successful control of …             Dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis alters stress-associated behaviour and neuropeptide gene expression in the amygdala-hippocampus network of mice ▶     Florian Reichmann, Ahmed Mostafa Hassan, Aitak Farzi et al.     Psychological stress causes disease exacerbation and relapses in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. Since studies on stress processing during visceral inflammation are …             Generation of pure lymphatic endothelial cells from human pluripotent stem cells and their therapeutic effects on wound repair ▶     Shin-Jeong Lee, Changwon Park, Ji Yoon Lee et al.     Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have emerged as an important source for cell therapy. However, to date, no studies demonstrated generation of purified hPSC-derived lymphatic …             Surface modification of microparticles causes differential uptake responses in normal and tumoral human breast epithelial cells ▶     Tania Patiño, Jorge Soriano, Lleonard Barrios et al.     The use of micro- and nanodevices as multifunctional systems for biomedical applications has experienced an exponential growth during the past decades. Although a large number of …             Removal of ecotoxicity of 17α-ethinylestradiol using TAML/peroxide water treatment ▶     Matthew R. Mills, Karla Arias-Salazar, Alice Baynes et al.     17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), a synthetic oestrogen in oral contraceptives, is one of many pharmaceuticals found in inland waterways worldwide as a result of human consumption and …             Diversity and functions of bacterial community in drinking water biofilms revealed by high-throughput sequencing ▶     Yuanqing Chao, Yanping Mao, Zhiping Wang et al.     The development of biofilms in drinking water (DW) systems may cause various problems to water quality. To investigate the community structure of biofilms on different pipe …             Obesity-induced adipokine imbalance impairs mouse pulmonary vascular endothelial function and primes the lung for injury ▶     Dilip Shah, Freddy Romero, Michelle Duong et al.     Obesity is a risk factor for the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) but mechanisms mediating this association are unknown. While obesity is known to impair …             High incidence of functional ion-channel abnormalities in a consecutive Long QT cohort with novel missense genetic variants of unknown significance ▶     Annette Buur Steffensen, Marwan M. Refaat, Jens-Peter David et al.     The Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a disorder characterized by a prolongation of the QT interval and a propensity to ventricular tachyarrhythmias, which may lead to syncope, cardiac …             Transient silencing of the KASII genes is feasible in Nicotiana benthamiana for metabolic engineering of wax ester composition ▶     Selcuk Aslan, Per Hofvander, Paresh Dutta et al.     The beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase II (KASII) is an enzyme in fatty acid biosynthesis, catalyzing the elongation of 16:0-acyl carrier protein (ACP) to 18:0-ACP in plastids. Mutations …             ePathOptimize: A Combinatorial Approach for Transcriptional Balancing of Metabolic Pathways ▶     J. Andrew Jones, Victoria R. Vernacchio, Daniel M. Lachance et al.     The ability to fine tune gene expression has created the field of metabolic pathway optimization and balancing where a variety of factors affecting flux balance are carefully …             RapGene: a fast and accurate strategy for synthetic gene assembly in Escherichia coli ▶     Massimiliano Zampini, Pauline Rees Stevens, Justin A. Pachebat et al.     The ability to assemble DNA sequences de novo through efficient and powerful DNA fabrication methods is one of the foundational technologies of synthetic biology. Gene synthesis, …             The p53 binding protein PDCD5 is not rate-limiting in DNA damage induced cell death ▶     Florian J. Bock, Maria C. Tanzer, Manuel D. Haschka et al.     The tumour suppressor p53 is an important mediator of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in response to DNA damage, acting mainly by transcriptional regulation of specific target …             Identification of the Conformational transition pathway in PIP2 Opening Kir Channels ▶     Junwei Li, Shouqin Lü, Yuzhi Liu et al.     The gating of Kir channels depends critically on phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), but the detailed mechanism by which PIP2 regulates Kir channels remains obscure. …             A posteriori correction of camera characteristics from large image data sets ▶     Pavel Afanasyev, Raimond B. G. Ravelli, Rishi Matadeen et al.     Large datasets are emerging in many fields of image processing including: electron microscopy, light microscopy, medical X-ray imaging, astronomy, etc. Novel computer-controlled …             Dietary ω3 fatty acid exerts anti-allergic effect through the conversion to 17,18-epoxyeicosatetraenoic acid in the gut ▶     Jun Kunisawa, Makoto Arita, Takahiro Hayasaka et al.     ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory properties, but the immune-metabolic progression from dietary oil remains to be investigated. Here …             A cost-effective and efficient reprogramming platform for large-scale production of integration-free human induced pluripotent stem cells in chemically defined culture ▶     Jeanette Beers, Kaari L. Linask, Jane A. Chen et al.     Factors limiting the adoption of iPSC technology include the cost of developing lines and the time period that it takes to characterize and bank them, particularly when …             Electroporation enables the efficient mRNA delivery into the mouse zygotes and facilitates CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing ▶     Masakazu Hashimoto, Tatsuya Takemoto     Recent use of the CRISPR/Cas9 system has dramatically reduced the time required to produce mutant mice, but the involvement of a time-consuming microinjection step still hampers …             The EGFR mutation status affects the relative biological effectiveness of carbon-ion beams in non-small cell lung carcinoma cells ▶     Napapat Amornwichet, Takahiro Oike, Atsushi Shibata et al.     Carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) holds promise to treat inoperable locally-advanced non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), a disease poorly controlled by standard chemoradiotherapy …             The HRDC domain of E. coli RecQ helicase controls single-stranded DNA translocation and double-stranded DNA unwinding rates without affecting mechanoenzymatic coupling ▶     Gábor M. Harami, Nikolett T. Nagy, Máté Martina et al.     DNA-restructuring activities of RecQ-family helicases play key roles in genome maintenance. These activities, driven by two tandem RecA-like core domains, are thought to be …             Strategies to improve quantitative assessment of immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent labelling ▶     Sarah J. Johnson, F. Rohan Walker     Binary image thresholding is the most commonly used technique to quantitatively examine changes in immunolabelled material. In this article we demonstrate that if implicit …             The molecular size of the extra-membrane domain influences the diffusion of the GPI-anchored VSG on the trypanosome plasma membrane ▶     Andreas J. W. Hartel, Marius Glogger, Gernot Guigas et al.     A plethora of proteins undergo random and passive diffusion in biological membranes. While the contribution of the membrane-embedded domain to diffusion is well established, the …             microRNA regulation of the embryonic hypoxic response in Caenorhabditis elegans ▶     Konstantinos Kagias, Roger Pocock     Layered strategies to combat hypoxia provide flexibility in dynamic oxygen environments. Here we show that multiple miRNAs are required for hypoxic survival responses during C. …             The structure of the folded domain from the signature multifunctional protein ICP27 from herpes simplex virus-1 reveals an intertwined dimer ▶     Richard B. Tunnicliffe, Mitchell Schacht, Colin Levy et al.     Herpesviruses cause life-long infections by evading the host immune system and establishing latent infections. All mammalian herpesviruses express an essential multifunctional …             Seasonal gene expression kinetics between diapause phases in Drosophila virilis group species and overwintering differences between diapausing and non-diapausing females ▶     Tiina S. Salminen, Laura Vesala, Asta Laiho et al.     Most northern insect species experience a period of developmental arrest, diapause, which enables them to survive over the winter and postpone reproduction until favorable …             Whole genome sequencing and analysis of Swarna, a widely cultivated indica rice variety with low glycemic index ▶     Pasupathi Rathinasabapathi, Natarajan Purushothaman, Ramprasad VL et al.     Swarna is a popular cultivated indica rice variety with low glycemic index (GI) but its genetic basis is not known. The whole genome of Swarna was sequenced using Illumina’s …             Convergence behaviour and Control in Non-Linear Biological Networks ▶     Stefan Karl, Thomas Dandekar     Control of genetic regulatory networks is challenging to define and quantify. Previous control centrality metrics, which aim to capture the ability of individual nodes to control …             Heterogeneous distribution of plankton within the mixed layer and its implications for bloom formation in tropical seas ▶     Albert Calbet, Mette Dalgaard Agersted, Stein Kaartvedt et al.     Intensive sampling at the coastal waters of the central Red Sea during a period of thermal stratification, prior to the main seasonal bloom during winter, showed that vertical …             Preferential Amplification of Pathogenic Sequences ▶     Fang Ge, Jayme Parker, Sang Chul Choi et al.     The application of next generation sequencing (NGS) technology in the diagnosis of human pathogens is hindered by the fact that pathogenic sequences, especially viral, are often …             Novelty seeking is related to individual risk preference and brain activation associated with risk prediction during decision making ▶     Ying Wang, Ying Liu, Lizhuang Yang et al.     Novelty seeking (NS) is a personality trait reflecting excitement in response to novel stimuli. High NS is usually a predictor of risky behaviour such as drug abuse. However, the …             Comparative Assessment of Transmission-Blocking Vaccine Candidates against Plasmodium falciparum ▶     M. C. Kapulu, D. F. Da, K. Miura et al.     Malaria transmission-blocking vaccines (TBVs) target the development of Plasmodium parasites within the mosquito, with the aim of preventing malaria transmission from one …             Optimizing cell viability in droplet-based cell deposition ▶     Jan Hendriks, Claas Willem Visser, Sieger Henke et al.     Biofabrication commonly involves the use of liquid droplets to transport cells to the printed structure. However, the viability of the cells after impact is poorly controlled and …             Total and Proteinase K-Resistant α-Synuclein Levels in Erythrocytes, Determined by their Ability to Bind Phospholipids, Associate with Parkinson’s Disease ▶     Suaad Abd-Elhadi, Asaf Honig, Dganit Simhi-Haham et al.     A marker for diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease (PD), which reflects on the occurrence of peripheral pathogenic mechanisms, would potentially improve therapy. The significance of …             Ablation of retinal ciliopathy protein RPGR results in altered photoreceptor ciliary composition ▶     Kollu N. Rao, Linjing Li, Manisha Anand et al.     Cilia regulate several developmental and homeostatic pathways that are critical to survival. Sensory cilia of photoreceptors regulate phototransduction cascade for visual …             Social behaviour in mesopelagic jellyfish ▶     Stein Kaartvedt, Karl I. Ugland, Thor A. Klevjer et al.     Gelatinous organisms apparently play a central role in deep pelagic ecosystems, but lack of observational methodologies has restricted information on their behaviour. We made …             Clinical application of clustered-AChR for the detection of SNMG ▶     Guang Zhao, Xiaoqing Wang, Xiaowen Yu et al.     Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoantibody-mediated disease of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). However, accumulating evidence has indicated that MG patients whose serum …             FoxO1-negative cells are cancer stem-like cells in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma ▶     Weifeng Song, Qi Li, Lei Wang et al.     Flow cytometry assays using aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity or CD133 positivity to isolate cancer stem cells (CSCs) are widely applied but have limitations. Thus, …             Effect of adenosine and adenosine receptor antagonist on Müller cell potassium channel in Rat chronic ocular hypertension models ▶     Zijian Yang, Ping Huang, Xiaohong Liu et al.     Müller cells are principal glial cells in rat retina and have attracted much attention in glaucoma studies. However, it is not clear whether adenosine and adenosine receptor (AR) …             Microrobotic tentacles with spiral bending capability based on shape-engineered elastomeric microtubes ▶     Jungwook Paek, Inho Cho, Jaeyoun Kim     Microscale soft-robots hold great promise as safe handlers of delicate micro-objects but their wider adoption requires micro-actuators with greater efficiency and …             Interaction of Vaccination and Reduction of Antibiotic Use Drives Unexpected Increase of Pneumococcal Meningitis ▶     Matthieu Domenech de Cellès, Margarita Pons-Salort, Emmanuelle Varon et al.     Antibiotic-use policies may affect pneumococcal conjugate-vaccine effectiveness. The reported increase of pneumococcal meningitis from 2001 to 2009 in France, where a national …             A host-microbiome interaction mediates the opposing effects of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids on metabolic endotoxemia ▶     Kanakaraju Kaliannan, Bin Wang, Xiang-Yong Li et al.     Metabolic endotoxemia, commonly derived from gut dysbiosis, is a primary cause of chronic low grade inflammation that underlies many chronic diseases. Here we show that mice fed …             Ubiquitin-protein ligase E3C promotes glioma progression by mediating the ubiquitination and degrading of Annexin A7 ▶     Si-Jian Pan, Shi-Kun Zhan, Wei-Zhong Ji et al.     The ubiquitin-protein ligase E3C (UBE3C) belongs to the E3 ligase enzyme family and implicates in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, thus regulates physiological and …             Dietary Sodium Suppresses Digestive Efficiency via the Renin-Angiotensin System ▶     Benjamin J. Weidemann, Susan Voong, Fabiola I. Morales-Santiago et al.     Dietary fats and sodium are both palatable and are hypothesized to synergistically contribute to ingestive behavior and thereby obesity. Contrary to this hypothesis, C57BL/6J …             Nondestructive and intuitive determination of circadian chlorophyll rhythms in soybean leaves using multispectral imaging ▶     Wen-Juan Pan, Xia Wang, Yong-Ren Deng et al.     The circadian clock, synchronized by daily cyclic environmental cues, regulates diverse aspects of plant growth and development and increases plant fitness. Even though much is …             Proteome-wide characterization of signalling interactions in the hippocampal CA4/DG subfield of patients with Alzheimer’s disease ▶     Jae Ho Kim, Julien Franck, Taewook Kang et al.     Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia; however, mechanisms and biomarkers remain unclear. Here, we examined hippocampal CA4 and dentate gyrus subfields, …             Ubiquitin-specific protease 14 modulates degradation of cellular prion protein ▶     Takujiro Homma, Daisuke Ishibashi, Takehiro Nakagaki et al.     Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders characterized by the accumulation of prion protein (PrPC). To date, there is no effective treatment for the disease. The …             Investigation of the subcellular architecture of L7 neurons of Aplysia californica using magnetic resonance microscopy (MRM) at 7.8 microns ▶     Choong H. Lee, Jeremy J. Flint, Brian Hansen et al.     Magnetic resonance microscopy (MRM) is a non-invasive diagnostic tool which is well-suited to directly resolve cellular structures in ex vivo and in vitro tissues without use of …             Fluorescence imaging for a noninvasive in vivo toxicity-test using a transgenic silkworm expressing green fluorescent protein ▶     Yoshinori Inagaki, Yasuhiko Matsumoto, Masaki Ishii et al.     In drug development, the toxicity of candidate chemicals must be carefully examined in an animal model. Here we developed a live imaging technique using silkworms for a …             TERT Promoter Mutations Are Predictive of Aggressive Clinical Behavior in Patients with Spitzoid Melanocytic Neoplasms ▶     Seungjae Lee, Raymond L. Barnhill, Reinhard Dummer et al.     Spitzoid neoplasms constitute a morphologically distinct category of melanocytic tumors, encompassing Spitz nevus (benign), atypical Spitz tumor (intermediate malignant …             Deep intronic GPR143 mutation in a Japanese family with ocular albinism ▶     Takuya Naruto, Nobuhiko Okamoto, Kiyoshi Masuda et al.     Deep intronic mutations are often ignored as possible causes of human disease. Using whole-exome sequencing, we analysed genomic DNAs of a Japanese family with two male siblings …             Retina specific GCAPs in zebrafish acquire functional selectivity in Ca2+-sensing by myristoylation and Mg2+-binding ▶     Stefan Sulmann, Farina Vocke, Alexander Scholten et al.     Zebrafish photoreceptor cells express six guanylate cyclase-activating proteins (zGCAPs) that share a high degree of amino acid sequence homology, but differ in Ca2+-binding …             Phylogenetic relationships of subfamilies in the family Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea) from China ▶     Xiangqun Yuan, Ke Gao, Feng Yuan et al.     Hesperiidae is one of the largest families of butterflies. Our knowledge of the higher systematics on hesperiids from China is still very limited. We infer the phylogenetic …             DNA transducer-triggered signal switch for visual colorimetric bioanalysis ▶     Wenhong Chen, Yurong Yan, Ye Zhang et al.     A simple and versatile colorimetric biosensor has been developed for sensitive and specific detection of a wide range of biomolecules, such as oligonucleotides and …             A key role for TGF-β1 in hippocampal synaptic plasticity and memory ▶     Filippo Caraci, Walter Gulisano, Chiara A. Guida et al.     Transforming Growth Factor β1 (TGF-β1) is a well-known neuroprotective and neurotrophic factor demonstrated to play a role in synaptic transmission. However, its involvement in …             Intracellular microRNA profiles form in the Xenopus laevis oocyte that may contribute to asymmetric cell division ▶     Monika Sidova, Radek Sindelka, Mirco Castoldi et al.     Asymmetric distribution of fate determinants within cells is an essential biological strategy to prepare them for asymmetric division. In this work we measure the intracellular …             Pentamethylquercetin (PMQ) reduces thrombus formation by inhibiting platelet function ▶     Ming-Lu Liang, Xing-Wen Da, Ao-Di He et al.     Flavonoids exert both anti-oxidant and anti-platelet activities in vitro and in vivo. Pentamethylquercetin (PMQ), a polymethoxylated flavone derivative, has been screened for …             Identification of a Mutation in FGF23 Involved in Mandibular Prognathism ▶     Fengshan Chen, Qin Li, Mingliang Gu et al.     Mandibular prognathism (MP) is a severe maxillofacial disorder with undetermined genetic background. We collected a Chinese pedigree with MP which involved in 23 living members …             In situ characterizing membrane lipid phenotype of breast cancer cells using mass spectrometry profiling ▶     Manwen He, Shuai Guo, Zhili Li     Lipid composition in cell membrane is closely associated with cell characteristics. Here, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization- Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance …             Ectopic clustering of Cajal–Retzius and subplate cells is an initial pathological feature in Pomgnt2-knockout mice, a model of dystroglycanopathy ▶     Naoki Nakagawa, Hirokazu Yagi, Koichi Kato et al.     Aberrant glycosylation of dystroglycan causes congenital muscular dystrophies associated with cobblestone lissencephaly, classified as dystroglycanopathy. However, pathological …             Origin of the low thermal isomerization rate of rhodopsin chromophore ▶     Masataka Yanagawa, Keiichi Kojima, Takahiro Yamashita et al.     Low dark noise is a prerequisite for rod cells, which mediate our dim-light vision. The low dark noise is achieved by the extremely stable character of the rod visual pigment, …             Constructing lncRNA functional similarity network based on lncRNA-disease associations and disease semantic similarity ▶     Xing Chen, Chenggang Clarence Yan, Cai Luo et al.     Increasing evidence has indicated that plenty of lncRNAs play important roles in many critical biological processes. Developing powerful computational models to construct lncRNA …             Production of monoclonal antibodies against GPCR using cell-free synthesized GPCR antigen and biotinylated liposome-based interaction assay ▶     Hiroyuki Takeda, Tomio Ogasawara, Tatsuhiko Ozawa et al.     G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are one of the most important drug targets, and anti-GPCR monoclonal antibody (mAb) is an essential tool for functional analysis of GPCRs. …             Novel Function of Rev-erbα in Promoting Brown Adipogenesis ▶     Deokhwa Nam, Somik Chatterjee, Hongshan Yin et al.     Brown adipose tissue is a major thermogenic organ that plays a key role in maintenance of body temperature and whole-body energy homeostasis. Rev-erbα, a ligand-dependent nuclear …             PsANT, the adenine nucleotide translocase of Puccinia striiformis, promotes cell death and fungal growth ▶     Chunlei Tang, Jinping Wei, Qingmei Han et al.     Adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) is a constitutive mitochondrial component that is involved in ADP/ATP exchange and mitochondrion-mediated apoptosis in yeast and mammals. …             CAN Canopy Addition of Nitrogen Better Illustrate the Effect of Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition on Forest Ecosystem? ▶     Wei Zhang, Weijun Shen, Shidan Zhu et al.     Increasing atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition could profoundly impact community structure and ecosystem functions in forests. However, conventional experiments with understory …             Population Fluctuation Promotes Cooperation in Networks ▶     Steve Miller, Joshua Knowles     We consider the problem of explaining the emergence and evolution of cooperation in dynamic network-structured populations. Building on seminal work by Poncela et al., which …             Metabolite-enabled mutualistic interaction between Shewanella oneidensis and Escherichia coli in a co-culture using an electrode as electron acceptor ▶     Victor Bochuan Wang, Krishnakumar Sivakumar, Liang Yang et al.     Mutualistic interactions in planktonic microbial communities have been extensively studied. However, our understanding on mutualistic communities consisting of co-existing …             A genome-wide SNP scan accelerates trait-regulatory genomic loci identification in chickpea ▶     Alice Kujur, Deepak Bajaj, Hari D. Upadhyaya et al.     We identified 44844 high-quality SNPs by sequencing 92 diverse chickpea accessions belonging to a seed and pod trait-specific association panel using reference genome- and de novo…             Identification of a critical determinant that enables efficient fatty acid synthesis in oleaginous fungi ▶     Haiqin Chen, Guangfei Hao, Lei Wang et al.     Microorganisms are valuable resources for lipid production. What makes one microbe but not the other able to efficiently synthesize and accumulate lipids is poorly understood. In …             Ubiquitin-specific Protease 15 Negatively Regulates Virus-induced Type I Interferon Signaling via Catalytically-dependent and -independent Mechanisms ▶     Huan Zhang, Dang Wang, Huijuan Zhong et al.     Viral infection triggers a series of signaling cascades, which converge to activate the transcription factors nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), …             A spontaneous depressive pattern in adult female rhesus macaques ▶     Dongdong Qin, Joshua Rizak, Xunxun Chu et al.     Non-human primates offer unique opportunities to study the development of depression rooted in behavioral and physiological abnormalities. This study observed adult female rhesus …             A live attenuated vaccine prevents replication and transmission of H7N9 virus in mammals ▶     Huihui Kong, Qianyi Zhang, Chunyang Gu et al.     The continued spread of the newly emerged H7N9 viruses among poultry in China, together with the emergence of drug-resistant variants and the possibility of human-to-human …             Temporal MRI characterization, neurobiochemical and neurobehavioral changes in a mouse repetitive concussive head injury model ▶     Zhihui Yang, Ping Wang, Drake Morgan et al.     Single and repeated sports-related mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), also referred to as concussion, can result in chronic post-concussive syndrome (PCS), neuropsychological …             Encoded Library Synthesis Using Chemical Ligation and the Discovery of sEH Inhibitors from a 334-Million Member Library ▶     Alexander Litovchick, Christoph E. Dumelin, Sevan Habeshian et al.     A chemical ligation method for construction of DNA-encoded small-molecule libraries has been developed. Taking advantage of the ability of the Klenow fragment of DNA polymerase …             Population genetic structure of Oryza sativa in East and Southeast Asia and the discovery of elite alleles for grain traits ▶     Xiaojing Dang, Thu Giang Tran Thi, Wisdom Mawuli Edzesi et al.     We investigated the nuclear simple sequence repeat (SSR) genotypes of 532 rice (Oryza sativa L.) accessions collected from East and Southeast Asia and detected abundant genetic …             The role of calcineurin signaling in microcystin-LR triggered neuronal toxicity ▶     Guangyu Li, Wei Yan, Yao Dang et al.     Microcystin-LR (MCLR) is a commonly acting potent hepatotoxin and has been pointed out of potentially causing neurotoxicity, but the exact mechanisms of action still remain …             Tamarind Seed (Tamarindus indica) Extract Ameliorates Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis via Regulating the Mediators of Cartilage/Bone Degeneration, Inflammation and Oxidative Stress ▶     Mahalingam S. Sundaram, Mahadevappa Hemshekhar, Martin S. Santhosh et al.     Medicinal plants are employed in the treatment of human ailments from time immemorial. Several studies have validated the use of medicinal plant products in arthritis treatment. …             DW-F5: A novel formulation against malignant melanoma from Wrightia tinctoria ▶     Jayesh Antony, Minakshi Saikia, Vinod. V et al.     Wrightia tinctoria is a constituent of several ayurvedic preparations against skin disorders including psoriasis and herpes, though not yet has been explored for anticancer …             Modelling the Transport of Nanoparticles under Blood Flow using an Agent-based Approach ▶     Gavin Fullstone, Jonathan Wood, Mike Holcombe et al.     Blood-mediated nanoparticle delivery is a new and growing field in the development of therapeutics and diagnostics. Nanoparticle properties such as size, shape and surface …             Levo-tetrahydropalmatine attenuates mouse blood-brain barrier injury induced by focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion: Involvement of Src kinase ▶     Xiao-Wei Mao, Chun-Shui Pan, Ping Huang et al.     The restoration of blood flow following thrombolytic therapy causes ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury leading to blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and subsequent brain …             Amino Acid Flux from Metabolic Network Benefits Protein Translation: the Role of Resource Availability ▶     Xiao-Pan Hu, Yi Yang, Bin-Guang Ma     Protein translation is a central step in gene expression and affected by many factors such as codon usage bias, mRNA folding energy and tRNA abundance. Despite intensive previous …             Characterization of two-step deglycosylation via oxidation by glycoside oxidoreductase and defining their subfamily ▶     Eun-Mi Kim, Joo-Hyun Seo, Kiheon Baek et al.     Herein, we report a two-step deglycosylation mediated by the oxidation of glycoside which is different from traditional glycoside hydrolase (GH) mechanism. Previously, we …             The Effects of Time on Task in Response Selection - An ERP Study of Mental Fatigue ▶     Tina Möckel, Christian Beste, Edmund Wascher     Long lasting involvement in a cognitive task leads to mental fatigue. Substantial efforts have been undertaken to understand this phenomenon. However, it has been demonstrated …             The catechol-o-methyltransferase Val158Met polymorphism modulates the intrinsic functional network centrality of the parahippocampal cortex in healthy subjects ▶     Xiaolong Zhang, Jin Li, Wen Qin et al.     The influence of catechol-o-methyltransferase (COMT) Val158Met on brain activation and functional connectivity has been widely reported. However, voxel-wise effects of this …             Generation of mutant mice via the CRISPR/Cas9 system using FokI-dCas9 ▶     Satoshi Hara, Moe Tamano, Satoshi Yamashita et al.     Genome editing, which introduces mutations in genes of interest using artificial DNA nucleases such as the ZFN, TALEN, and CRISPR/Cas9 systems in living cells, is a useful tool …             Miniaturized GPS Tags Identify Non-breeding Territories of a Small Breeding Migratory Songbird ▶     Michael T. Hallworth, Peter P. Marra     For the first time, we use a small archival global positioning system (GPS) tag to identify and characterize non-breeding territories, quantify migratory connectivity, and …             Selective Functional Disconnection of the Dorsal Subregion of the Temporal Pole in Schizophrenia ▶     Lixue Xu, Wen Qin, Chuanjun Zhuo et al.     Although extensive resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) changes have been reported in schizophrenia, rsFC changes in the temporal pole (TP) remain unknown. The TP …             PC, a Novel Oral Insecticidal Toxin from Bacillus bombysepticus Involved in Host Lethality via APN and BtR-175 ▶     Ping Lin, Tingcai Cheng, Shengkai Jin et al.     Insect pests have developed resistance to chemical insecticides, insecticidal toxins as bioinsecticides or genetic protection built into crops. Consequently, novel, orally active …             Potential for direct interspecies electron transfer in an electric-anaerobic system to increase methane production from sludge digestion ▶     Zhiqiang Zhao, Yaobin Zhang, Liying Wang et al.     Direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) between Geobacter species and Methanosaeta species is an alternative to interspecies hydrogen transfer (IHT) in anaerobic digester, …             High-throughput sequencing of small RNAs and anatomical characteristics associated with leaf development in celery ▶     Xiao-Ling Jia, Meng-Yao Li, Qian Jiang et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) exhibit diverse and important roles in plant growth, development, and stress responses and regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. …             Unraveling adaptation of Pontibacter korlensis to radiation and infertility in desert through complete genome and comparative transcriptomic analysis ▶     Jun Dai, Wenkui Dai, Chuangzhao Qiu et al.     The desert is a harsh habitat for flora and microbial life due to its aridness and strong radiation. In this study, we constructed the first complete and deeply annotated genome …             Hagfish: Champions of CO2 tolerance question the origins of vertebrate gill function ▶     Daniel W. Baker, Brian Sardella, Jodie L. Rummer et al.     The gill is widely accepted to have played a key role in the adaptive radiation of early vertebrates by supplanting the skin as the dominant site of gas exchange. However, in the …             A novel cysteine desulfurase influencing organosulfur compounds in Lentinula edodes ▶     Ying Liu, Xiao-Yu Lei, Lian-Fu Chen et al.     Organosulfur compounds are the basis for the unique aroma of Lentinula edodes, and cysteine sulfoxide lyase (C-S lyase) is the key enzyme in this trait. The enzyme from Alliium …             Intracellular oligomeric amyloid-beta rapidly regulates GluA1 subunit of AMPA receptor in the hippocampus ▶     Daniel J. Whitcomb, Ellen L. Hogg, Philip Regan et al.     The acute neurotoxicity of oligomeric forms of amyloid-β 1-42 (Aβ) is implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, how these oligomers might first impair …             The aftereffect of perceived duration is contingent on auditory frequency but not visual orientation ▶     Baolin Li, Xiangyong Yuan, Xiting Huang     Recent sensory history plays a critical role in duration perception. It has been established that after adapting to a particular duration, the test durations within a certain …             Comprehensive prediction of drug-protein interactions and side effects for the human proteome ▶     Hongyi Zhou, Mu Gao, Jeffrey Skolnick     Identifying unexpected drug-protein interactions is crucial for drug repurposing. We develop a comprehensive proteome scale approach that predicts human protein targets and side …             Apology and forgiveness evolve to resolve failures in cooperative agreements ▶     Luis A. Martinez-Vaquero, The Anh Han, Luís Moniz Pereira et al.     Making agreements on how to behave has been shown to be an evolutionarily viable strategy in one-shot social dilemmas. However, in many situations agreements aim to establish …             Functional characterization of salicylate hydroxylase from the fungal endophyte Epichloë festucae ▶     Karen V. Ambrose, Zipeng Tian, Yifei Wang et al.     Epichloë spp. are symbiotic fungal endophytes of many cool season grasses. The presence of the fungal endophytes often confers insect, drought, and disease tolerance to the host …             HIV Subtypes B and C gp120 and Methamphetamine Interaction: Dopaminergic System Implicates Differential Neuronal Toxicity ▶     Thangavel Samikkannu, Kurapati V. K. Rao, Abdul Ajees Abdul Salam et al.     HIV subtypes or clades differentially induce HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) and substance abuse is known to accelerate HIV disease progression. The HIV-1 envelope …             Structural and mutational analyses of dipeptidyl peptidase 11 from Porphyromonas gingivalis reveal the molecular basis for strict substrate specificity ▶     Yasumitsu Sakamoto, Yoshiyuki Suzuki, Ippei Iizuka et al.     The dipeptidyl peptidase 11 from Porphyromonas gingivalis (PgDPP11) belongs to the S46 family of serine peptidases and preferentially cleaves substrates with Asp/Glu at the P1 …             DNA methylation at IL32 in juvenile idiopathic arthritis ▶     Braydon Meyer, Raul A. Chavez, Jane E. Munro et al.     Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common autoimmune rheumatic disease of childhood. We recently showed that DNA methylation at the gene encoding the …             Characterization of a Self-renewing and Multi-potent Cell Population Isolated from Human Minor Salivary Glands ▶     Lin Lu, Yan Li, Ming-juan Du et al.     Adult stem cells play an important role in maintaining tissue homeostasis. Although these cells are found in many tissues, the presence of stem cells in the human minor salivary …             Non-contact method for directing electrotaxis ▶     Dinesh K. Ahirwar, Mohd W. Nasser, Travis H. Jones et al.     We present a method to induce electric fields and drive electrotaxis (galvanotaxis) without the need for electrodes to be in contact with the media containing the cell cultures. …             Repeated, long-distance migrations by a philopatric predator targeting highly contrasting ecosystems ▶     James S. E. Lea, Bradley M. Wetherbee, Nuno Queiroz et al.     Long-distance movements of animals are an important driver of population spatial dynamics and determine the extent of overlap with area-focused human activities, such as fishing. …             Plant growth improvement mediated by nitrate capture in co-composted biochar ▶     Claudia I. Kammann, Hans-Peter Schmidt, Nicole Messerschmidt et al.     Soil amendment with pyrogenic carbon (biochar) is discussed as strategy to improve soil fertility to enable economic plus environmental benefits. In temperate soils, however, the …             The radish genome and comprehensive gene expression profile of tuberous root formation and development ▶     Yuki Mitsui, Michihiko Shimomura, Kenji Komatsu et al.     Understanding the processes that regulate plant sink formation and development at the molecular level will contribute to the areas of crop breeding, food production and plant …             Exogenous features versus prior experiences modulate different subregions of the right IPL during episodic memory retrieval ▶     Sze Chai Kwok, Emiliano Macaluso     The fractionation view holds that distinct cognitive operations are mediated by subregions of the inferior parietal lobule (IPL). Within IPL, we hypothesised that …             Antioxidant treatment enhances human mesenchymal stem cell anti-stress ability and therapeutic efficacy in an acute liver failure model ▶     Wen Zeng, Jia Xiao, Gang Zheng et al.     One of the major problems influencing the therapeutic efficacy of stem cell therapy is the poor cell survival following transplantation. This is partly attributed to insufficient …             Regulation of NDR1 activity by PLK1 ensures proper spindle orientation in mitosis ▶     Maomao Yan, Lingluo Chu, Bo Qin et al.     Accurate chromosome segregation during mitosis requires the physical separation of sister chromatids which depends on correct position of mitotic spindle relative to membrane …             Co-existence of intact stemness and priming of neural differentiation programs in mES cells lacking Trim71 ▶     Sibylle Mitschka, Thomas Ulas, Tobias Goller et al.     Regulatory networks for differentiation and pluripotency in embryonic stem (ES) cells have long been suggested to be mutually exclusive. However, with the identification of many …             Ha83, a Chitin Binding Domain Encoding Gene, Is Important to Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedrovirus Budded Virus Production and Occlusion Body Assembling ▶     Huan Yu, Jian Xu, Qiang Liu et al.     Helicoerpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV) ha83 is a late expressed gene that encodes a chitin binding protein. Chitin domain truncation studies revealed that the …             Effects of environmental and biotic factors on carbon isotopic fractionation during decomposition of soil organic matter ▶     Guoan Wang, Yufu Jia, Wei Li     Decomposition of soil organic matter (SOM) plays an important role in the global carbon cycle because the CO2 emitted from soil respiration is an important source of atmospheric …             Inhibition of hypoxia inducible factors combined with all-trans retinoic acid treatment enhances glial transdifferentiation of neuroblastoma cells ▶     Flora Cimmino, Lucia Pezone, Marianna Avitabile et al.     Neuroblastoma (NBL) is a heterogeneous tumor characterized by a wide range of clinical manifestations. A high tumor cell differentiation grade correlates to a favorable stage and …             Levodopa in Mucuna pruriens and its degradation ▶     Haridas Pulikkalpura, Rajani Kurup, Paravanparampil Jacob Mathew et al.     Mucuna pruriens is the best known natural source of L-dopa, the gold standard for treatment of Parkinsonism. M. pruriens varieties are protein rich supplements, and are used as …             WEE1 kinase polymorphism as a predictive biomarker for efficacy of platinum-gemcitabine doublet chemotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients ▶     Di Liu, Chunyan Wu, Yuli Jiao et al.     DNA-damaging agents are commonly used for first-line chemotherapy of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). As a G2/M checkpoint kinase, Wee1 can phosphorylate CDC2-tyr15 …             Osteocyte specific responses to soluble and mechanical stimuli in a stem cell derived culture model ▶     William R. Thompson, Gunes Uzer, Kaitlyn E. Brobst et al.     Studying osteocyte behavior in culture has proven difficult because these embedded cells require spatially coordinated interactions with the matrix and surrounding cells to …             Folic acid inhibits COLO-205 colon cancer cell proliferation through activating the FRα/c-SRC/ERK1/2/NFκB/TP53 pathway: in vitro and in vivo studies ▶     Chun-Ting Kuo, Chieh Chang, Wen-Sen Lee     To investigate the molecular mechanism underlying folic acid (FA)-induced anti-colon caner activity, we showed that FA caused G0/G1 arrest in COLO-205. FA activated the …             Microglial internalization and degradation of pathological tau is enhanced by an anti-tau monoclonal antibody ▶     Wenjie Luo, Wencheng Liu, Xiaoyan Hu et al.     Microglia have been shown to contribute to the clearance of brain amyloid β peptides (Aβ), the major component of amyloid plaques, in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). 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