EMBO reports Table of Contents for May 2015; Vol. 16, No. 5

May 2015 | Volume 16, Number 5 Submit Table of Contents Opinion Correspondence Hot off the Press Science & Society Review Scientific Reports Articles Volume 16, Number 5 Opinion Mitochondrial replacement to prevent the transmission of mitochondrial DNA disease New regulations passed in the UK pave the way for treatments using mitochondrial replacement to allow families with mitochondrial DNA disorders to have healthy children, and improve the lives of patients living with such diseases. Mary Herbert and Doug Turnbull Published online 16.04.2015 Correspondence Risks inherent to mitochondrial replacement Questions remain about the long‐term safety of mitochondrial replacement. Edward H Morrow, Klaus Reinhardt, Jonci N Wolff, and Damian K Dowling Published online 25.03.2015 Hot off the Press RNA metabolism: putting the brake on the UPR In this issue of EMBO Reports, nonsense‐mediated RNA decay (NMD) is shown to fine‐tune the unfolded protein response (UPR). NMD determines the threshold of UPR activation, the amplitude of downstream responses and its termination. Amado Carreras‐Sureda and Claudio Hetz Published online 25.03.2015 Science & Society Autophagy: research topic, painting, poem, dance…: The combination of art and information can enhance the enjoyment and effectiveness of learning Learning does not have to mean listening to a lecture in a classroom. Dan Klionsky has collaborated with artists to combine science, art, music and dance into an explanation of autophagy, learning something new about his own research and teaching along the way. Daniel J Klionsky Published online 02.04.2015 Excellence and the new social contract for science: In search for scientific excellence in a changing environment Scientists are increasingly expected to address pressing social needs with their research, rather than to just pursue knowledge. This new relationship with society could have unanticipated consequences for the nature of research and the pursuit of excellence. Claudio Sunkel Published online 07.04.2015 Access to human tissues for research and product development: From EU regulation to alarming legal developments in Belgium Private biotech companies are increasingly seeking to research and create products that use human cells and tissues from public biobanks. Greater discussion is needed about the serious legal and ethical issues surrounding the use of donated biological material to generate profit. Jean‐Paul Pirnay, Etienne Baudoux, Olivier Cornu, Alain Delforge, Christian Delloye, Johan Guns, Ernst Heinen, Etienne Van den Abbeel, Alain Vanderkelen, Caroline Van Geyt, Ivan van Riet, Gilbert Verbeken, Petra De Sutter, Michiel Verlinden, Isabelle Huys, Julian Cockbain, Christian Chabannon, Kris Dierickx, Paul Schotsmans, Daniel De Vos, Thomas Rose, Serge Jennes, and Sigrid Sterckx Published online 07.04.2015 Antibiotic discovery goes underground: The discovery of teixobactin could revitalise the search for new antibiotics based on the novel method the researchers used to identify the compound Early in 2015, researchers reported the discovery of an entirely new antibiotic. The ingenious method they used to find it could greatly benefit the search for novel drugs to fight multi‐drug resistant pathogens. Philip Hunter Published online 01.04.2015 The ethics of global clinical trials: In developing countries, participation in clinical trials is sometimes the only way to access medical treatment. What should be done to avoid exploitation of disadvantaged populations? Many pharmaceutical companies conduct clinical trials in low‐ and middle‐income countries. While such trials can benefit their participants, they can also be exploitative and therefore need careful regulation to ensure that they are done in an ethically responsible manner. Katrin Weigmann Published online 07.04.2015 Review Stem cell and progenitor fate in the mammalian intestine: Notch and lateral inhibition in homeostasis and disease This review discusses recent advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms by which Notch‐mediated lateral inhibition regulates stem cell fates in health and disease. Rocio Sancho, Catherine A Cremona, and Axel Behrens Published online 08.04.2015 Scientific Reports Stella preserves maternal chromosome integrity by inhibiting 5hmC‐induced γH2AX accumulation Loss of Stella results in Tet3‐induced γH2AX accumulation in maternal chromatin, the formation of ectopic micronuclei, and delay of DNA replication in mouse zygotes. Tsunetoshi Nakatani, Kazuo Yamagata, Tohru Kimura, Masaaki Oda, Hiroyuki Nakashima, Mayuko Hori, Yoichi Sekita, Tatsuhiko Arakawa, Toshinobu Nakamura, and Toru Nakano Published online 17.02.2015 The alanine‐serine‐cysteine‐1 (Asc‐1) transporter controls glycine levels in the brain and is required for glycinergic inhibitory transmission Deletion of the amino acid transporter Asc‐1 causes a global decrease in glycine brain levels, impaired glycinergic neurotransmission and a hyperekplexia‐like phenotype. Hazem Safory, Samah Neame, Yoav Shulman, Salman Zubedat, Inna Radzishevsky, Dina Rosenberg, Hagit Sason, Simone Engelender, Avi Avital, Swen Hülsmann, Jackie Schiller, and Herman Wolosker Published online 09.03.2015 The unfolded protein response is shaped by the NMD pathway The threshold for UPR triggering and its timely termination are shown to depend on the nonsense‐mediated RNA decay (NMD) pathway. NMD regulates the mRNAs of several UPR components, which underpins this effect. Rachid Karam, Chih‐Hong Lou, Heike Kroeger, Lulu Huang, Jonathan H Lin, and Miles F Wilkinson Published online 25.03.2015 Nuclear lamins are not required for lamina‐associated domain organization in mouse embryonic stem cells Nuclear lamins have no detectable role in mediating genome‐wide lamina‐associated domain organization in mESC, implying a role for non‐lamin components of the nuclear lamina as molecular players in genome organization. Mario Amendola and Bas van Steensel Published online 17.03.2015 USP30 deubiquitylates mitochondrial Parkin substrates and restricts apoptotic cell death USP30, recently described to counteract Parkin E3 ligase activity on mitochondria, is shown to regulate the mitochondrial pathway of apoptotic cell death in response to Parkin overexpression and the broadly used BH3‐mimetic therapeutic compounds. Jin‐Rui Liang, Aitor Martinez, Jon D Lane, Ugo Mayor, Michael J Clague, and Sylvie Urbé Published online 04.03.2015 Rap1 promotes endothelial mechanosensing complex formation, NO release and normal endothelial function Rap1 is shown to be a new crucial regulator of endothelial mechanosensing that enables the formation of the mechanosensing complex and nitric oxide release. Importantly, endothelial Rap1 deficiency causes hypertension in mice. Sribalaji Lakshmikanthan, Xiaodong Zheng, Yoshinori Nishijima, Magdalena Sobczak, Aniko Szabo, Jeannette Vasquez‐Vivar, David X Zhang, and Magdalena Chrzanowska‐Wodnicka Published online 25.03.2015 Articles The thymic cortical epithelium determines the TCR repertoire of IL‐17‐producing γδT cells Using a new mouse model deficient in cortical thymic epithelial cells (cTECs), this study shows their importance in the differentiation of inflammatory γδT cells and proper inflammatory responses in peripheral tissues. Takeshi Nitta, Ryunosuke Muro, Yukiko Shimizu, Sachiko Nitta, Hiroyo Oda, Yuki Ohte, Motohito Goto, Rieko Yanobu‐Takanashi, Tomoya Narita, Hiroshi Takayanagi, Hisataka Yasuda, Tadashi Okamura, Shigeo Murata, and Harumi Suzuki Published online 13.03.2015 Induction of hematopoietic and endothelial cell program orchestrated by ETS transcription factor ER71/ETV2 ETV2 controls the gene regulatory network and signaling involved in the hemangiogenic progenitor specification from mesoderm. Fang Liu, Daofeng Li, Yik Yeung Lawrence Yu, Inyoung Kang, Min‐Ji Cha, Ju Young Kim, Changwon Park, Dennis K Watson, Ting Wang, and Kyunghee Choi Published online 23.03.2015   Unsubscribe from or edit your subscription for this service. Or by mail: Customer Service * 425 Broadway St * Redwood City, CA 94063 * U.S.A. Copyright © 2015 by the European Molecular Biology Organisation.