Nature Reviews Microbiology contents January 2015 Volume 13 Number 1 pp 1-64

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
January 2015 Volume 13 Number 1
Impact Factor 23.317 *	In this issue Research Highlights News and Analysis Progress Reviews Perspectives Also this month Article series: Microbiology pioneers  Featured article: Prochlorococcus: the structure and function of collective diversity Steven J. Biller, Paul M. Berube, Debbie Lindell & Sallie W. Chisholm
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS Top Bacterial pathogenesis: Food for cholera p1 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3409 A new study identifies the two component system CrbRS as a new virulence factor in Vibrio cholerae. PDF Biofilms: The T3SS translocon in biofilm formation p2 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3403 Pseudomonas aeruginosa forms biofilm-like cell aggregates on epithelial cells in a process that requires the pore-forming translocon of the type III secretion system (T3SS) but not the T3SS effectors. PDF Bacterial toxins: When GENErosity backfires p2 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3416 Two studies report that two distinct families of antibacterial genes have been transferred to, and are functional in, eukaryotic and archaeal hosts. PDF Microbiome: Shaping the gut microbiome p4 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3401 Ley and colleagues show that human genetic variation influences the composition of the gut microbiota, which affects health. PDF Microbiome: A viral understudy for commensal bacteria p4 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3410 An enteric RNA virus can substitute for commensal bacteria and support immune maturation and intestinal homeostasis. PDF IN BRIEF Bacterial pathogenesis: Chlamydia keeps cells alive | Antimicrobials: Targeting virulence | Cellular microbiology: Linking MreB to the membrane | Viral pathogenesis: Ebola virus' shed GP activates immune cells | Fungal pathogenesis: Good cop(per), bad cop(per) | Symbiosis: Vibrio genes involved in squid colonization PDF Microbiology JOBS of the week Assistant Professor- Microbiology The University of Alabama Postdoctoral position. Cell biology, Microbiology, Tissular microbiology Institut Pasteur The Eveleigh-Fenton Chair in Applied Microbiology Rutgers University - New Brunswick International PhD Program in Microbiology International Max Planck Research School for Environmental, Cellular, and Molecular Microbiology Postdoctoral Position in Molecular and Synthetic Biology Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) in Munich More Science jobs from Microbiology EVENT Symbiomes: systems biology of host-microbiome interactions 05.06.15 Pultusk, Poland More science events from
NEWS AND ANALYSIS		Top
GENOME WATCH Demystifying Escherichia coli pathovars Kate S. Baker p5 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3411 This month's Genome Watch compares and contrasts two studies that used a common genomic approach to understand different pathogenic forms of Escherichia coli. PDF
PROGRESS		Top
Novel functions of viral anti-apoptotic factors Chengyu Liang, Byung-Ha Oh & Jae U. Jung p7 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3369 In addition to their role in inhibiting apoptosis, viral anti-apoptotic proteins function in multiple immune and metabolic pathways to promote fitness and pathogenesis. In this Progress article, Jung and colleagues review novel functions of these viral proteins in the regulation of autophagy, as well as in the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway and in interferon signalling. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
REVIEWS		Top
Prochlorococcus: the structure and function of collective diversity Steven J. Biller, Paul M. Berube, Debbie Lindell & Sallie W. Chisholm p13 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3378 The marine cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus is the most abundant photosynthetic organism on earth. In this Review, Chisholm and colleagues highlight the enormous genomic diversity of this phototroph, discuss the factors that contribute to this diversity and consider its ecological consequences. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
At the centre: influenza A virus ribonucleoproteins Amie J. Eisfeld, Gabriele Neumann & Yoshihiro Kawaoka p28 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3367 Influenza A virus has only eight genes, so it is dependent on host proteins and pathways to mediate viral ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) trafficking and to promote vRNP functions at all stages of the virus life cycle. Here, Kawaoka and colleagues describe the trafficking and functions of influenza A vRNPs in host cells, emphasizing how vRNPs interact with and depend on host factors and pathways, how vRNP structure contributes to its function and the key open questions that still need to be answered. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
Molecular mechanisms of antibiotic resistance Jessica M. A. Blair, Mark A. Webber, Alison J. Baylay, David O. Ogbolu & Laura J. V. Piddock p42 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3380 Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are causing a global health crisis. Here, the authors review recent advances in our understanding of the mechanisms by which bacteria are either intrinsically resistant or acquire resistance to antibiotics. This information should aid the discovery and development of new compounds that can circumvent or neutralize existing resistance mechanisms. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
PERSPECTIVES		Top
ESSAY Article series: Microbiology pioneers Manfred Girbardt and Charles Bracker: outstanding pioneers in fungal microscopy Salomon Bartnicki-Garcia p52 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3379 In this Microbiology Pioneers Essay, Salomon Bartnicki-Garcia pays tribute to two pioneers of fungal cell ultrastructure, Manfred Girbardt and Charles Bracker. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
VIEWPOINT Gain-of-function experiments: time for a real debate W. Paul Duprex, Ron A. M. Fouchier, Michael J. Imperiale, Marc Lipsitch & David A. Relman p58 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro3405 The debate on whether to allow experiments that increase the transmission and/or pathogenicity of potential pandemic pathogens has recently gained renewed attention, particularly as a result of studies on influenza viruses. Here, five experts discuss the benefits and risks associated with these gain-of-function experiments, and how the ongoing debate affects the scientific community and the general public. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
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